Didáctica básica de la educación Infantil

AFAÈMQFMH KÈ]FMH AN @H NA^MHMFÝL FLJHLQF@, Mblbmn{ v mbew{nlan{ h `b} eè} wnx~nøb}

 H~qb{h? Èlin`n} In{zf``h Mh}qf``b W{n}nlqhmfýl {nh`fzhah wb{? N}qcn{ I~qfæ{{nz Ebqh

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lb b ^l

Wn{fbab an hahwqhmfýl nl `h N}m~n`h Fljhlqf`

an ``b `b} b} w{ w{fe w{fen w{f fen{ en{b} n{b} {b} b} i{h i{hlan lan}} mhe mhekfb} mhek mh ekfb kfb} fb}} nl nl `h zf zfa zfah? ah? w{fen{ w{f w{fen{h en{h h }nwh }nwh{hm }nwh{h }nw h{hmfýl {hmfýl mfýl fýl an an ``h h jh jhef jhef`fh, ef`f`fh h, #e #enl #enlb} #en nlb lb} b} w{b w{bqnif w{bqnifab qnifab ab qfnewb n}q{~mq~{hab& wæ{afah"ihlhlmfh an `h }nwh{hmfýl }nwh{hmfýl,, N` lføb zh`b{h n}qh wæ{afah"ihlhlmfh ]nlqfefnlqb}?? ffl ]nlqfefnlqb} fl}n l}}ni~ ni i~{f ~{{fah fa aha ha hli li~ ~}q }qfh }qffh fh hhkhlablb khla kh labl blb b nlzfafh} nlmblq{h{}n mbl}fib ef}eb ef}eb,,  Hahwqhmfýl Hahwqhmfýl an `b} wha{n} vh x~n w~nanl q{hl}efqf{  q{hl}efqf{ `b} efnab} n fl}ni~{fahan} fl}ni~{fahan},, Qfnlnl x~n q{hl}efqf{  q{hl}efqf{ x~n n` mnlq{b n} }ni~{b }ni~{b,,

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Wn{fbab an hahwqhmfýl nl `h N}m~n`h Fljhlqf` ^l lføb hahwqhab }f?  ¸ Flqn{mhekfh nswn{fnlmfh} nswn{fnlmfh} mbl `b} mbewhøn{b} v w{bjn}b{n} #chk`h an `b} hekfnlqn} nsw{n}h {nmchb b hjnmqb&,  ¸ ^qf`fh mbl eè} jhmf`faha n` n}whmfb,  ¸ ]n flqni{h flqni{h nl n` i{~wb an lføb}, N`

w{bjn}b{ ankn mblbmn{ `h nsw{n}fzfaha an` lføb v lb {n`hmfblh{ ½lb ``b{h{  ``b{h{  ¸ ¸ hahwqhmfýl± vh x~n wbaneb} mbl}fan{h{ h `b} lføb} {n}filhab} lføb} hahwqhab} v w~nan }n{ x~n n}n lføb lb }n chvh hahwqhab qbahzåh,

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W{flm W{flmfwfb W{flmfwfb} fwfb}} kè}fmb} kè}fmb} kè}fm b} an hwbvb hwbvb hwbv b h` h` hw{nlafzhon hw{nlafzho n fljhlqf`,

 Hlh`fh{ Hlh`fh{ `b} w{flmfwfb} lb} }f{znl wh{h?  ¸ X~n n` w{bjn}b{ `b} `b} qnlih nl m~nlqh nl qbab ebenlqb,  ¸ [nj`nsfbl [nj`nsfblh{ h{ }bk{n mhah ~lb an n``b} wh{h enob{h{ n` w{bmn}b an Nl}nøhlh ¸¸ Hw{nlafhon, Hw{nlafhon,, Hw{nlafhon  ¸ An}h{{b``h{ `h} mb{{n}wblafnlqn} mb{{n}wblafnlqn} enqbab`biåh}, enqbab`biå enqbab`biåh}, h}, s

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j~lahenlqh` qnln{ ~lh zf}fýl flqni{h` an` lføb wh{h `bi{h{ ~l hanm~hab hw{nlafhon kh}hab nl ~l m`feh hanm~hab nl n` h~`h4 b{ihlfhmfýl an `b} afjn{nlqn} hekfnlqn}4 enqbab`biåh hanm~hah,

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W{flm W{flmfwfb W{flmfwfb} fwfb}} kè}fmb} kè}fmb} kè}fm b} an hwbvb hwbvb hwbv b h` h` hw{nlafzhon hw{nlafzho n fljhlqf`,

H& Hw{nlafzhon Hw{nlafzhon }filfjfmhqfb }filfjfmhqfb%%mbl}q{~mqfb? %mbl}q{~mqfb? N` fanh` wh{h x~n n` h`~elb {n`hmfbln} }~} nswn{fnlmfh} mbl n` mblbmfefnlqb w{nzfb v mbl n` l~nzb, 

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n``b n` w{bjn}b{ ankn?

 ¸ Mblbmn{ Mblbmn{ h `b} h`~elb}, h`~elb h`~ elb}, },  ¸ X~n æ}qb} n}qæl n}qæl ebqfzhab}, ebqfzhab}, ebqfz hab},   ¸¸  Hekfnlqn Hekfnl Hek fnlqn qnnl{fx~nmfab, nl{fx~ nl{ fx~nmf nmfab, ab,  ¸ N`nmmfýl an hmqfzfahan} x~n }nhl hq{hmqfzh} v mbl }nlqfab,  ¸ ^qf`fh{ afjn{nlqn} n}q{hqnifh} enqbab`ýifmh},

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W{flm W{flmfwfb W{flmfwfb} fwfb}} kè}fmb} kè}fmb} kè}fm b} an hwbvb hwbvb hwbv b h` h` hw{nlafzhon hw{nlafzho n fljhlqf`,

 Hw{nlan{ Hw{nlan{ }filfjfmhqfzhenlqn }filfjfmhqfzhenlqn mbl}f}qn nl ebafjfmh{  n}x~neh} an mblbmfefnlqb x~n wb}nn n` h`~elb, #Lnmn}fqh an ~lh flqnl}h hmqfzfaha wb{ wh{qn an æ}qn? n}qhk`nmn{ mblnsfbln} nlq{n n` l~nzb v n` zfnob mblbmfefnlqb&, H}fef`hmfýl? mblj`fmqb mbilfqfb

an Mbl}q{~mmfýl #Wfhinq& 

W{bmn}b

Hmbebahmfýl? [nb{ihlfhmfýl an [nb{ihlfhmfýl N}x~neh} }x~neh},,

Hahwqhmfýl?  Hekfnlqn hanm~hab4 Ehqn{fh`n} hahwqhab} v K~nlh }nm~nlmfhmfýl

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W{f W{flmf W{flmfwfb} lmfwfb wfb}} kè}fmb} kè}fmb} kè}fm b} an hwbvb hwbvb hwbv b h` hw{nlafzhon fljhlqf`,

K& W{flmfwfb an `fkn{qha v h~qblbeåh h~qblbeåh?? anoh{  anoh{ x~n n` lføb }n }fnlqh `fk{n wh{h wnl}h{ k~}mh{  k~}mh{ fljb{ehmfýl v n`nif{  n`nif{,,  H}å H}å wba{è znlmn{  znlmn{ bk}qèm~`b} mbl ehvb{  ehvb{ jhmf`faha, jhmf`faha,   H~qblbeåh H~qblbeå H~qbl beåh h mbe mbeb mbeb mbe bb w{f w{flmfw w{flmf lmfwh` wh` h` bkon bkonqfz bkonqfqfzb zb b an `h na na~m na~mhmfýl, ~mhm hmfý fýl l, #nlmblq{h{  nx~f`fk{fb flqn{lb wh{h wban{  #nlmblq{h{ wban{ wnl}h{  wnl}h{ wb{  wb{ }å ef}eb v qbeh{ qbeh{ }~} w{bwfh} anmf}fbln} anmf}fbln},,& ,&

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W{flm W{flmfwfb W{flmfwfb} fwfb}} kè}fmb} kè}fmb} kè}fm b} an hwbvb hwbvb hwbv b h` h` hw{nlafzhon hw{nlafzho n fljhlqf`,

]n an}h{{b``h h q{hzæ} an` mbl}q{~mqfzf}eb mbl}q{~mqfzf}eb?? w{bmn}b an jb{ehmfýl an hmmq jb{ehmfýl mqfq qffq~a q~~an an} w{b {bwf {bwfh wfh} v nn}x~neh} }x~neh} flqn`nmq~h`n},, #H flqn`nmq~h`n} #Hmq~h`enlqn, mq~h`enlqn, wb{ wb{ jh`qh an qfnewb, lb }n anoh h `b} lføb} x~n {hzblnl v v chihl }~vb n` n` mblbmfefnlqb& mblbmfefnlqb&

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H^QBMBLMNWQB V V H^QBN]QFEH? H^QBN]QFEH? Lnmn}h{fb} wh{h x~n n` }~onqb }n af}qflih

an `b} aneè} v }n flafzfa~h`fmn flafzfa~h`fmn,, ]fl nekh{ib lnmn}fqh an `b} aneè} wh{h m{nh{  mblmfnlmfh an }å ef}eb, ef}eb,

  ¸¸  H~qbmblmnwqb? H~qbmblmnwqb? Mblbmfefnlq M Mblbmfefnlqb blbmfefnlqb b an wnm~`fh{fahan} v afjn{nlmfh} mbl {n}wnmqb h `b} aneè} aneè},,   ¸¸  H~qbfehinl? H~qbfehinl? Mbl Mblafm afmfbl fblhah hah wwb{  b{ `h `h nsw nswn{f n{fnlm nlmfh fh v ab abla ablan lan `h na~mhmfýl #mbeb mblq{b`hab{h an nswn{fnlmfh}&  o~nih o~nih ~l whwn` fewb{qhlqn,, fewb{qhlqn   ¸¸  H~qbn}qfeh? H~qbn}qfeh? Flqn{fb{fhmfý Flqn{fb{fhmfýl l v mbljfhlh x~n `b} aneè} anwb}fqnl nl æ` æ`,,

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W[FL W[FLMFWF W[FLMFWFB] MFWFB] B] KÈ]FMB]? KÈ]FMB]? KÈ]FMB ]? }~ }~ {n`hmfýl {n`hmfýl {n`hmf ýl mbl mbl `h} mb{{n}wblafnlqn} enqbab`biåh}, 8,

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W{flmfwfb

an Hmqfzfaha, W{flmfwfb Zfznlmfh`, W{flmfwfb `ÿafmb, I`bkh`fhmfýl, l, W{flmfwfb an I`bkh`fhmfý W{flmfwfb an M{nhqfzfaha M{nhqfzfaha,, Flafzfa~h`fhmfýl, fhmfýl, W{flmfwfb an Flafzfa~h` ]bmfh`fhmfýl,, W{flmfwfb an ]bmfh`fhmfýl W{flmfwfb an Wn{}blh`fhmfýl, Lb{eh`fhmfýl, l, W{flmfwfb an Lb{eh`fhmfý

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W{fl W{ W{flmfwfb flmf mfwf wfb b an Hmqffaha Hmqf Hmq ffa faha ha

hw{nlafhon h q{hzæ} an `h hmqfzfaha hmqfzfaha,, Hmqfzfahan} Hmqfzfahan} x~n {n}wblahl h bkonqfzb} {n}wblahl bkonqfzb} na~mhqfzb} v x~n jbenlqnl jbenlqnl n` hw{nlafhon zfznlmfh` hw{nlafhon zfznlmfh`,, lføb,, h& [f [flm [flmbln} lmbl bln} n} an hmqffaha? wh{qfmfwhmfýl hmqfzh an` lføb 

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% W~nanl }n{ }n{ mbeb mbew`nenlqb mbew`n mbe w`nenl enlqb qb b mbeb mblqnlfab n}wnmåjfmb, n}wnmåjfmb, % Qnln{  Qnln{ nl m~nlqh m~nlqh?? {nx~fn{nl n` ehqn{fh` lnmn}h{fb #lf e~mcb} lf w lf wbmb wb bmmb} b} bk bkon onq onqb qqb}& b}& b} }&& v w{ w{n} n}nl nlqh qh{` {`b b aan n jb jb{e jb{eh {eh b{ b{an anlh lhah ah n fanlqfjfmhk`n #mhoh} mbl }åekb`b} b afk~ob} mb{{n}wblafnlqn} h `b} o~i~nqn} o~i~nqn} ~ bkonqb} x~n chv anlq{b& anlq{b&,, % Ehqn{fh` hi{hahk`n n}qæqfmhenlqn v zf}qb}b zf}qb}b,, JBQB JBQB,,

Qh``n{n}?? k& Qh``n{n}

bj{nmnl ~l bj{nmnl ~lh ~lh enqbab`biåh enqqba en bab` b`bi biåh åh anqn{eflhah v ~l mhekfb nl n` hekfnlqn an` nlqb{l nlq nlqb{lb b{lb b n}mb`h{, n}mb`h n}m b`h{  { , E~ E~mch E~mch} mch}} hmq hmqfzf fzfaha ahan} n} n}qèl n}qèl af{f af af{fifah} {fif ifah ah}} wh{ wh{h wh{h h jhz jhzb{n b{nmn{ b{nmn{  mn{ mn{  lbm lbmfbl fbln} n} n}whmfb% n}whmf n}w hmfb b% qnewb{h`n},, qnewb{h`n} % W~nanl }n{  }n{ h qfnewb wh{mfh` v qbqh` #wb{  `h} ehøhlh} n` h~`h n}qè mbl }~ w{bjn}b{  w{bjn}b{ v wb{  `h} qh{an} }n mblzfn{qnl nl qh``n{n}& qh``n{n}&,, % Qh Qh`` Qh``n{ Qh` ``n{ `n{n} n{n} n} flqni{h`n}? flqni{ flq ni{h`n} h`n}? ``h `h} h} mm` m`h} `h h}n} }n n}} }n b{ihlfhl qhlqb n` ehqn{fh` ehqn eh qn{f {fh` h` mb mbeb eb n` n}whmfb wh{h `b} afjn{nlqn} qh``n{n} x~n }n ``nzh{èl h mhkb h `b `h{ib an` cb{h{fb n}mb`h{, n}mb`h{ ,

W{bvnmqb}? m& W{bvnmqb}? Mbl}f}qn nl x~n n` h`~elb wblih nl n` q{hkhob qbah }~ mhwhmfaha v }n }fnlqh {n}wbl}hk`n an` ef}eb k~}mhlab `h }~wn{hmfýl an `h} afjfm~`qhan}, afjfm~`qhan}, Qfnlnl x~n }n{  }n{ flqn{n}hlqn} v anknl an n}qfe~`h{  n}qfe~`h{ h` lføb,, Wh{h n``b ankn lhmn{  lføb lhmn{ an `h ef}eh {nh`faha an` h`~elb,, h`~elb

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W{fl W{ W{flmfwfb flmf mfwf wfb b Zfn Zf Zfnlmfh`, nlm lmfh fh`, `,

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n} n}nl n}nlmfh` nlmf mfh` h` few`f few`fmh{  few`fmh few` fmh{ mh{  { h` lføb nl }~ w{bwfb w{bwfb w{b w{bmn} w{bmn mn}b }b b an hw{nlafhon?? hw{nlafhon  ¸ @h nswn{fnl nswn{fnlmfh mfh n} hax~f{fah mbl `h w{èmqfmh afh{fh afh{fh,,  ¸ @h zfzn zfznlmf lmfh h n} n` jn jnlý jnlýenlb jnlýen lýen enlb lb w}åx~f w}åx~fmb w}åx~fmb mb nl n` x~n n` }~onqb nswn{fen nswn{fenlqh lqh ~lh }fq~hmfýl anqn{eflh anqn{eflhah anqn{eflhah, ah, Nl

n}qn mh}b n` na~mhab{  na~mhab{ ankn hmq~h{  hmq~h{ mbeb hlfehab{  hlfehab{ v }n{  }n{ ~l nswn{qb nl aflèefmh} an i{~wb} anqnmqhlab mb{{nmqhenlqn `h} }fq~hmfbln} nebmfblh`n}, nebmfblh`n},   H`i~lh} H`i~lh} hm H`i~lh} hmqfz hmqfzfaha hmq qfzfaha fzfahan} fahan} n} n} }bl? }bl }b l? Mn Mnlq lq{b {b}} an Flqn{æ} Flqn Fl qn{æ {æ}}

#   w}fmbebq{fmfaha,

a{hehqfzhmf a{hehq a{hehqfzhmfbln}, fzhmfbln}, bln}, fnl fnlmfh} fnlmf mfh} h} fla flaff flaffa~h`n flaf ffa~h fa~h`n} a~h`n} `n} } vv  i{~wh`n}&4 i{~wh` i{~ wh`n}& n}&4 I{hloh I{hloh%%n}m~n`h %n}m~n`h # qh``n{n} qh``n{n} v v q{hkhob} hi{åmb`h}&4 hi{åmb`h}&4 ½@h mh}fqh± # mbl}q{~mmfýl mbl}q{~mmfýl an ~lh mh}fqh nl n`  whqfb n` whqfb mbl `h mb`hkb{hmfýl an `b} wha{n}& wha{n}&

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@h FLZN]QFIHMFÝL% ]QFIHMFÝL%HMMFÝL % HMMFÝL? HMMFÝL? Mbl}f}qn nl {n}b`zn{  {n}b`zn{ ~l w{bk`n w{b w{bk`neh k`neh eh {nh` {nh` v mbl mblm{ mblm{nqb mblm{n m{nq nqb qb b b{fifl b{fiflhab b{fi b{ fifl flhab hab h wh wh{q wh{qf {qf{  {qf{ f{  { an ~lh nswn{fnlmfh zfzfah nswn{fnlmfh zfzfah,,   ¸¸ @b} wh}b} h }ni~f{ }ni~f{ }bl? }bl?   

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Fanlqfjfmh{ `h fanh inln{h`, Fanlqfjfmh{  inln{h`, sw`b{hmfýl? nsw nsw`fmh nsw` ns w`fm `fmh{ fmh{  h{  { `h }fq }fq~hm ~hmfýl fýl v an} an}m{f m{fkf{ m{fkf{  kf{ kf{  `b x~n }n an}nh an}n an }nh h Nsw`b{hmfýl? enob{h{,, enob{h{  Mbl}q{~mmfýl an` W`hl Inln{h` Inln{h`?? M`h{fjfmhmfýl an `h fanh inln{h` `b} jhmqb{n} x~n }n anknl an mhekfh{  mhekfh{ v lnibmfhmfbln} x~n }n ankn{èl ``nzh{ h mhkb, ``nzh{ mhkb, Qæmlfmh} h ~qf`fh{  ~qf`fh{ nl `h} afjn{nlqn} jh}n} jh}n}?? m~han{lb} an mhewb afh{fb} w{~nkh} jbqbi{èjfmh} i{hkhmfbln} hlè`f}f} an abm~enlqb} bk}n{zhab{n} nsqn{lb} b nlq{nzf}qh}, nlq{nzf}qh}, M{fqn M{ M{fqn{fb} fqn{f {fb} b} wh wh{h {h }}h }hkn hkkn{  n{{  }f }f nsf nsf}qn nsf}qn }qn zh zh`f`fan an #o #o~f ~fmf ~fmfb mfb b an nswn{qb} nsw ns wn{ n{qb qb} } q{fhli~`hmfýl an ebenlqb} v eæqbab}& Zh`fan nsqn{lh? nsqn{lh? hlqn} ankn{è h`mhlh{ h`mhlh{ zh`fan flqn{lh, flqn{lh, @b} h`~elb} }bl h}å h~qb{n} an }~ w{bwfb hw{nlafhon hw{nlafhon,, N` w{bjn}b{  ankn{è }ni~f{  }ni~f{ efl~mfb}henlqn `b} wh}b} wh{h wbln{`b nl w{èmqfmh nl n` h~`h mb{{nmqhenlqn, mb{{nmqhenlqn,

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W{fl W{ W{flmfwfb flmf mfwf wfb b @ÿafmb, @ÿaf @ÿ afmb mb,,

N`  o~nib o~nib

n}qfe~`h n` an}h{{b``b an `h} n}q{~mq~{h} flqn`nmq~h`n} an` lføb,, Jhmf`fqh `h mhwhmfaha an mblmnlq{hmfýl v eneb{fhmfýl lføb eneb{fhmfýl,, Qfnln ebqfhab{h,, ~lh j~lmfýl ebqfhab{h  HH q{hzæ} an`  o~nib o~nib n` lføb w{bvnmqh }~ e~lab v {nw{ba~mn }~} zfznlmfh} v {n`hmfbln} mbl n` nlqb{lb nlqb{lb,, Wfhinq, Eblqn}}b{f, Anm{b`v, Anm{b`v , nqm  nqm& & chl anjflfab n`  & I{hlan} wnahibib} # Wfhinq,  o~nib mbeb n` w{flmfwfb kè}fmb an` hw{nlafzhon nl `h} w{fen{h} nahan},, nahan} N` w{bjn}b{ w{bjn}b{ nl n}qn mh}b n} ~l bk}n{zhab{  bk}n{zhab{ v zfif`hlqn zfif`hlqn an `b} an}m~k{fefnlqb} an` lføb lføb,, Ankn n}qfe~`h{  n}qfe~`h{ `h nzb`~mfýl an }~  o~nib o~nib chmfh ~lh hmqfzfaha j~lmfblh` an}h{{b``hab nl ~l hekfnlqn hjnmqfzb v }ni~{b wh{h n` lføb lføb,,  Hekfnlqn Hekfnlqn Hekfnlq n ebqfzhlqn? ebqfzhlq ebq fzhlqn n? w{ w{n} w{n}n n}nl n}nlq nlqh lqh{ qh{  h{{   o~n o~nib} o~nib o~n ib} ib}} x~ x~n x~n x~ nn fl flqn flqn{n flq qn{n n{n}nl {n}n }nl l hh`` l lføb føb #ehlfw~`hqfzb x~n }n q{hl}jb{en zf}qb}b&

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Wfhi fhinq nq

W{fl W{ W{flmfwfb flmfw mfwfb fb an an I`bkh`fzhmfýl, I`bkh`f I`bk h`fzh zhmfý mfýl, l,

anjfln x~n n` wnl}h anjfln wnl}hefnlq efnlqb b flj fljhlq fljhlqf` fljh hlqf` lqf`f` zh an `b i`bkh` i`bkh i`b kh`` h `b }flm{æqfmb,, @b} lføb} }n jfohl nl `b} bkonqb} qbqh`n} h` w{flmfwfb #~l }flm{æqfmb cbek{n& v lb nl `b} anqh``n} #wb{  #wb{ no none nonew`b new` w`b b `h ehlb& ehlb&,,  H H q{hzæ} an n}qn w{flmfwfb }n w{nqnlan jhmf`fqh{  jhmf`fqh{ h` lføb n` nlm~nlq{b mbl `b} afjn{nlqn} hw{nlafhon} hw{nlafhon},, ^lh nl}nøhlh i`bkh`fhah ankn{è n}qh{  n}qh{ mnlq{hah nl mhah ~lb an `b} lføb} #flafzfa~h`fhah& #flafzfa~h`fhah& an}h{{b``h{è h` eèsfeb }~} mhwhmfahan} mhwhmfahan}44 }n w{nwh{h{è n` hekfnlqn {fmb nl n}qåe~`b} vh x~n `h bk}n{zhmfýl bm~wh ~l `~ih{  `~ih{ fewb{qhlqn nl n` an}h{{b``b an` lføb lføb,, Mbl}f}qn nl {nh`fh{  {nh`fh{ w{bvnmqb} x~n {n}wblahl h }~ flqn{æ} v wh{h `b} x~n }nh wb}fk`n anqnmqh{  anqnmqh{ ~lh jflh`faha m`h{h x~n qnlih }nlqfab wh{h n``b}, n``b},



I`bkh`fzhmfýl? n} n` cnmcb w}fmb`ýifmb wb{ n` x~n n` lføb wn{mfkn n` qbab hlqn} x~n `h} wh{qn} , ]n w~nanl }nøh`h{ afjn{nlqn} qfwb} an i`bkh`fhmfýl nlq{n `h} x~n an}qhmhl `h lb{eh`fhah `h efsqh b `h af{fifah,



Enqbab`biåh an `h i`bkh`fzhmfýl? wn{efqn x~n n` lføb Enqbab`biåh an}m~k{h bk}n{zn hlh`fmn n flqn{w{nqn n` e~lab, Flqn{af}mfw`flh{fnaha? mbl}f}qn nl `h mb`hkb{hmfýl h q{hzæ} an flqn{mhekfb} flqn{mhekfb} e~q~b} an fljb{ehmfýl v {nmåw{bmh} flqni{hmfbl flqni{hmfbln}, n},



 ¸ E~`qfaf}mfw`flh{fnaha ? m~hlab `h }b`~mfýl an ~l w{bk`neh nsfin n` ~}b an fljb{ehmfbln} an af}qflqh} mfnlmfh},

,>,% ,% =,> 





N}

W{fl W{ flmf mfwf wfb b an m{nh m{nhqf qffa faha ha,,

nl `h N}m~n`h Fljhlqf` ablan nsf}qn eè} af}wb}fmfýl wh{h m{nh{, N} nlqblmn} m~hlab }n flzfqh h` lføb h h`mhlh{ n}h jb{eh an wnl}h{ afjn{nlqn, @h }bmfnaha mhekfhlqn hmq~h` anehlah wn{}blh} x~n }nhl mhwhmn} an m{nh{ v an }b`~mfblh{ mbl njfmhmfh `b} w{bk`neh} x~n }n `n} w`hlqnnl, Chv x~n w{nwh{h{`n} wh{h x~n wfn{ahl n` efnab h` mhekfb, N} fewb{qhlqn an}h{{b``h{`b nl `h} h~`h} mbl ~lh enqbab`biåh hanm~hah, Wh{h n``b? ½`nvn} an `h j`nsfkf`faha± eneb{fh mbeb n`nenlqb an q{hl}jn{nlmfh v bj{nmn{ `h fljb{ehmfýl an jb{eh lb hmhkhah,

Qæmlfmh}

@nli~hon nzbmhab{? m~nlqb fehiflhqfzb

K{hfl}qb{efli 

 H{qn an  w{ni~lqh{ 

]ålqn}f} m{nhqfzh ]b`~mfýl an  w{bk`neh}

 H{qn an {n`hmfblh{ 

 H q{hzæ} an qæmlfmh} wh{h n` an}h{{b``b a n}h{{b``b an `h m{nhqfzfaha }n mblq{fk~vn m blq{fk~vn h ~lh jb{ehmfýl eè} aflèefmh n fllbzhab{h, ]n{è n` w{bjn}b{ w{bj n}b{ n` x~n ankn{è hw`fmh{`h} hw`fm h{`h} nl m`h}n wh{h n` an}h{{b``b an `h m{nhqfzfaha m {nhqfzfaha an` h`~elb,

,:,% =,:,% 







W{flmf W{f W{flmfwfb lmfwfb wfb an fla flaff flaffa~h`fzhmfýl, ffa~h a~h`fz `fzhmf hmfýl, ýl,

@h na~ na~mhm na~mhmf mhmfýl fýl ýl flj fljhl fljhlqf` fljh hlqf` lqf` qf` n} few fewb{ b{qh qhlq lqn n wb{  wb{{ }n wb }n{ }n{  {{  ~lh lh an `h `h} `h} nq nqhw nqhwh} hwh} h} j~lahen j~l j~lahenlqh`n} ahenlqh lqh`n} `n} wwh{h h{h n` n` an an}h{ an}h }h{{b` }h{{ {{b` {b``b b``b `b aan n `h `h wn{ wn{}b }blh` lh`fah faha a v an an }~ }~ }bmfhkf`faha h}å mbeb an }~ mhwhmfaha mhwhmfaha hjnmqfzh flqn`nmq~h` jå}fmh jå}fmh v eb{h`,, eb{h` n}qn n}q n }nlq }nlqfab fab `h n}mb`h{f n}mb`h{fhmfýl n}mb`h{f n}mb `h{fh hmfýl hmfýl mfýl qnew{ qnew{hlh hlh w{n w{nzf w{nzfnl w{nz zfnln fnln nln n n` hkhlablb hkhlab hkh lablb lb Nl n}qn w{nehq~{b nl `h} }fi~fnlqn} nqhwh} v w{be~nzn ~lh fi~h`aha {nh` an bwb{q~lfahan},, bwb{q~lfahan} A~{hlqn n}qh nqhwh n} j~lahenlqh` x~n jhef`fh v n}m~n`h mbewh{qhl ~lb} ef}eb ~lb} ef}eb}} m{fqn{ m{fqn{fb} fb} mbl `b x~n n} lnmn}h{fb lnmn}h lnm n}h{fb {fb `h mbe~l mbe~lfmh mbe~lfm mbe~ lfmhmf fmhmfý hmfýl mfýl ýl l v mbb{aflhmfýl nlq{n æ}qb} æ}qb},, N}qb }n ankn h `h afenl}fýl w{nznlqfzh w{nznlqfzh x~n wb}nn `h na~mhmfýl fljhlqf` fljhlqf`,,  H H q{hzæ} an `h nzh`~hmfýl #nlqnlafah mbeb fl}q{~enlqb an b{fnlqhm b{fnlqhmfýl fýl v hanm~hm han hanm~hmfýl m~hmfýl fýl an` w{bmn}b w{bmn} w{b mn}b b an nl}nøhlh nl}nøhlh%%hw{nlafhon& %hw{nlafhon& hw{nlafhon& }n {nmbin{è {nmbin{ {nmb in{è è `h fljb{ehmfýl lnm fljb{ehmfýl lnmn}h lnmn}h{fh n}h{fh {fh wh{h ho~ ho~}q ho~}qh }qh{ }qh{  h{{  `b eèsf eèsfeb eèsfe eès feb eb b wb} wb}fk`n wb}fk wb }fk`n fk`n `n `h {n}w {n}w~n}q {n}w~n}qh ~n}qh h na~mhqfzh h` h`~elb v enob{h{  enob{h{ hx~n``b} h}wnmqb} x~n chl {n}~`qhab h`i~lh afjfm~`qha wh{h æ}qn æ}qn,, #nzh`~hmfýl mblqfl~h flafzfa~h`fhah& flafzfa~h`fhah&,,



ENQBAB@B IÅH FLA FLAFZF FLAFZFA^H@F_HAH? FZFA^H A^H@F_ @F_H HAH? Mbl}f}qn Mbl} Mb l}f} f}qqn nl han anm~ m~h{ m~h{  h{ h{  `h `h na~mhmfýl h `h} mh{hmqn{å}q mh{hmqn{å}qfmh} fmh} an ~l h`~elb qnlfnlab nl m~nlqh }~} afjn{nlmfh} flafzfa~h`n} flafzfa~h`n},, M Mhah hah lføb }n mh{hmqn{fh wb{ wb{  }n{  }n{ ÿlfmb n f{{nwnqfk`n wb{  wb{ n}qh{  n}qh{ anqn{eflhab anjb{eh flafzfa~h` flafzfa~h`,, An n}qn ebab }n k~}mhl w{bi{heh} ehqn{fh`n} v w{bmnafefnlqb} hanm~hab} h `h mhwhmfaha v an}h{{b``b an mhah flafzfa~b, flafzfa~b,  ¸

N}qn

qfwb an enqbab`biåh }n ~qf`fh n}wnmfh`enlqn mbl lføb} x~n qfnlnl wb{ wb{   eb ebqf ebq bqfz qfzb fzb} zb} b}} qh qhlq lqb b }b }bmf mfh`n h`n}} ##c #cfo cfofob} cf ob} an lnmn}fa lnm lnmn}fahan} n}fahan han} } na~m na~mhqf na~mhqfh} hqfh} h} wb h`mbcý`fmb} h`mbcý h`mbcý`fmb} `fmb} wn{ wn{qnl wn{qnlnmfn wn{q qnlnmf nlnmfnlqn} nmfnlq nlqn} lqn} n} h jhef jhef`fh jhef`f`fh jhe `fh} fh}} wbk{ wbk{n} wbk{n} wbk {n} n} eh`q{hqhab}¤ eh`q{hqhab} eh`q{ hqhab}¤& ¤& mbeb mbe mb eb w}fmb`ýifm w}fmb w}fmb`ýifmb} `ýifmb} b} b jå}fmb} jå}fmb} #q{h}q #q{h}qb{lb} b{lb} zf}~h zf}~h`n} `n} h~afqfzb}& h~afqfzb}& v lnmn}fqhl lnmn}fqhl ~l hwbvb eè} mnlq{hab nl }~} afjfm~`qhan}, afjfm~`qhan},   ¸ Qnln{  ¸ Qnln Qn ln{  { nl m~nlqh }~ h}wnmqb kfb`ýifmb w}fmb`ýifmb v wnahiýifmb,   ¸¸ Mbl}fan{hmfbln} Mbl}fan{hmf Mbl}fa n{hmfbln} bln} h lfn` flaffa~h` mbilb}mfqfz mbilb} mfqfzb b hjnmqfzb hjnmqfzb flaffa~h` #an}h{{b``b mbilb}mfqfzb }bmfh` w}fmbebqb{ mblbmfefnlqb} w{nzfb}& v h lfn` i{~wh` #hmnwqhmfýl {nmchb hf}`hefnlqb&   ¸¸ E Eban Eb baan`b n``b} b}} an nl nl}nø nl}nøhl }nø nøh hlh hl lh h h flafzfa~h`fhah? flafz fl afzfa fa~h ~h`f `fha hah h? E b ban`b an`b an`b Wfhinqfhlb Wfhinqfhlb #nswn{fnlmfh} mn{mhlh} h `b} flqn{n}n} an` lføb& lføb&44 eban`b E blqn}}b{fhlb blqn}}b{fhlb #bj{nmn{  hmqfzfahan} flqn{n}hlqn} v lb mhekfh{ #bj{nmn{ mhekfh{  mhek fh{  mhah wbmb} efl~qb} wh{h an}mhl}h{ vh x~n n` lføb wn{an{è flqn{æ} nl `h hmqfzfaha v }n mh mhl} mhl}h{è& l}h{ h{è&, è&,,

,9,% =,9,%  







W{flmf W{f W{flmfwfb lmfwfb wfb an }bmfh`fzhmfýl, }bmfh` }bm fh`fzh fzhmfý mfýl, l,

@h nsf nsf}qn }qnlmf lmfh h an an`` nx~fw nx~f nx nx~fwb ~fwb wb b na na~mhq na~mhqfz na~m ~mhqfzb hqfzb fzb b n} flaf} flaf}wnl flaf}w fla f}wnl wnl}hk`n nl}hk }hk`n `n wh wh{h {h ah{  ah{  mblqfl~faha v mbcn{nlmfh h `h hmmfýl abmnlqn abmnlqn,, @h jhef`fh mbeb }n ch flafmhab hlqn{fb{enlq hlqn{fb{enlqn hlqn{fb{enlqn n  o~nih o~nih ~l whwn` e~v fewb{qhlqn nl n` an}h{{b``b an` lføb v n` flqn{mhekfb an fljb{ehmfýl nlq{n æ}qh v `b} na~mhab{n} ch{è x~n `h njfmhmfh an `h Na~mhmfýl Fljhlqf` }nh ýwqfeh ýwqfeh,, @h flqn{znlmfýl na~mhqfzh ch an m~fah{ m~fah{ `h }h`~a v kfnln}qh{  kfnln}qh{ wn{}blh` an` lføb h}å mbeb `h `fewfnh n cfifnln wn{}blh` v hekfnlqh` v `h h`fenlqhmfýl,, h`fenlqhmfýl Qhlqb jhef`fh mbeb n}m~n`h anknl mb`hkb{h{  mb`hkb{h{ nl `h nzh`~hmfýl an `b} w{bi{n w{b w{bi{n}b} i{n}b} }b} an an`` lf lføb øb vh vh x~n an an n} n}qn n}qqn qn eb eba ebab a ab b }n }n wba wba{è wba{ wb a{è {è è anqnmqh{  anqnm an qnmqh qh{  {  qnew{hlhenlqn an}ho~}qn} qnew{hlhenlqn an}ho~}q an}h o~}qn} n} }}ff ``b `b} b} ch chv v n nl l `h} `h} mhwhm mhwhmfahan mhwhmfah fahan} an}} an` h`~elb,, h`~elb @b} wha{n} anknl }nlqf{  }nlqf{ }ni~{faha v mbljfhlh {n}wnmqb h` Mnlq{b ablan `b} lføb} hm~anl, hm~anl,

ENQBAB@BIÅH



]BMFH@F_HAH?

EBAN@B]

V QÆMLFMH]

Eban`b}?? `b} x~n fl}n{qhl `h n}m~n`h nl n` enafb Eban`b} enafb44 hx~n``b} x~n jhzb{nmnl lnmn}fahan} lnmn}fahan} h q{hzæ} an hmqfzfahan} hmqfzfahan}44 an b{ihlfhmfýl b{ihlfhmfýl }bmfh`44 an flqn{hmmfýl }bmfh`, }bmfh` }bmfh`, Qæmlfmh} an Aflèefmh an i{~wb} wh{h jhmf`fqh{ j hmf`fqh{ `h }bmfh`fhmfýl #nonew`b}&?

MBEF]FÝL? I{~wb {na~mfab x~n n}q~afh ~l w{bk`neh wh{h w{n}nlqh{  mblm`~}fbln},

N]Q^AFB AN MH]B]? N`

i{~wb n}q~afh ~l mh}b mbl qbab} }~} anqh``n} wh{h }hmh{  mblm`~}fbln},

W[BVNMQB AN ZF]FÝL J^Q^[H

[b`n W`hvfli

@b} efnek{b} an ~l wnx~nøb i{~wb anknl n`hkb{h{ ~l w{bvnmqb }bk{n ~lh cfwbqæqfmh }fq~hmfýl,

Ab} b eè} wn{}blh} {nw{n}nlqhl ~lh }fq~hmfýl h}~efnlab `b} {b`n} an` mh}b, An}w~æ} }n n}q~afh n` mh}b,

,3,% =,3,% 

W{flmf W{f W{flmfwfb lmfwfb wfb an an wn{}blh`fzhmfýl, wn{}bl wn{ }blh`f h`fzhm zhmfýl fýl,,

Na~mhmfýl wn{}blh`f wn{}blh`fzhah wn{}blh`fzhah? zhah ? w{bmn}b {n}~`qhab {n}~`qhab v wn{jnmmfblhefn wn{jnmmfblhefnlqb lqb an mh an mhah mhah ah wn wn{} {}bl blh h mb mbeb eb }å }ålq lqn} n}f} f} aan n `h} `h} ns nswn nswn{f nsw wn{f n{fnlm {fnl nlmf nlmfh} mfh} fh} h} v `h }bmfh`fhmfýl na~mhqfzh} na~mhqfzh},, N` j~lahenlqb n} mbl}fan{h{  mbl}fan{h{ h` flafzfa~b mbeb w{ mbeb w{fl w{flmf w{f flmf lmfwfb mfwfb wfb an hmq hmqfz fzfaha faha xx~n ~n }n }n eh ehlf ehlfjf ehl lfjf fjfn} jfn} n}qh qh h qq{ q{hz {hz hzæ} æ} an }fli~`h{faha h~qblbeåh v hwn{q~{h hwn{q~{h,,  ¸ ]fli~`h{faha mhwhmfahan} mhwhmfa han} flqn{n}n} flqn{n}n} ]fli~`h{faha?? An}h{{b``b an mhah h`~elb }niÿl }~} mhwhmfahan} {fqeb an hw{nlafhon v mf{m~l}qhlmfh} }bmfh`n} v jhef`fh{n}, jhef`fh{n},  ¸ H~qblbeåh hmmfbln}, H~qblbeåh?? @h wn{}blh n} {n}wbl}hk`n v w{flmfwfb an }~} w{bwfh} hmmfbln},  ¸ Hwn{q~{h mbe~lfmhqfzh, Hwn{q~{h?? mbl}f}qn nl n` an}nlzb`zfefnlqb an `h mhwhmfaha mbe~lfmhqfzh,



Enqbab`biåh?? kh}hah nl jbenlqh{  Enqbab`biåh jbenlqh{ `h wh{qfmfwhmfýl wh{qfmfwhmfýl an qbab} `b} efnek{b} an `h mbe~lfaha na na~m na~mhqfzh ~mhqf hqfzh4 zh44 `h ` h fewb{qhlmfh an` afhilý}qfmb an mhah h`~elb v }~ w{blý}qfmb an` {nlafefnlqb4 {nlafefnlqb {nlafefnlq b4 n}qfe~`hmfýl an `h w{èmqf w{è w{èmqfmh mqfmh mh an `h ab abmnl mnlmfh mfh nl nx~fwb4 nx~f nx ~fwb wb4 hi{ hi{~wh hi{~whmfý hi{~ ~whmfý whmfýl mfýl l j`n j`nsfk j`nsfk`n j`nsf sfk`n k`n `n a an n `b} `b} h`~elb}44 nz h`~elb} nzh` nzh`~hmfýl h`~h ~hmf mfýl ýl v w{bebmfýl mblqfl~h} v h~qbnzh`~hmfýl h~qbnzh`~hmfýl,,

,6,% =,6,%

W{flmf W{f W{flmfwfb lmfwfb wfb an lb{eh`fzhmfýl, lb{eh` lb{ eh`fzh fzhmfý mfýl, l,



Mbl}f}qn nl }few`fjfmh{  }few`fjfmh{ v {hmfblh`fh{  {hmfblh`fh{ `b} w{bmn}b} an w{ba~mmfýl `b x~n nl na~mhmfýl lb n} wb}fk`n w{nanmf{, w{nanmf{ ,



N}qb

}n q{ha~mn nl n` h~`h h q{hzæ} an enafb} na~mhqfzb} wh{h lb{eh`fh{ lb{eh`enlqn mbl `h mbl}nm~mfýl an cèkfqb}?  ¸ Cèkfqb} an `h fah w{èmqfmh? w{èmqfmh?  



 ¸

{n}nlqhmfýl fýl wn{}blh`? wn{}blh`? }h`~ah{ }h`~ah{ h` w{bjn}b{ w{bjn}b{ w{bj n}b{ mb`ih{ mb`ih{  mb`i h{ `h} W{n}nlqhm

w{nlah} `hzh{}n `h} ehlb}, ehlb}, [n`hmfýl mbl `b} aneè} aneè}?? wb}q~{h} wb}q~{ h} mb{{nmqh nl m`h}n }hkn{  }hkn{ n}wn{h{ {n}wnqh{ {n}wnqh{  n` q{hkhob an }~} mbew mbewhøn{ mbewhøn{b} høn{b} b} }hkn{ }hkn{  }hkn { n}m~mch{¤ n}m~mch{ ¤ Mblq{b` an ebzfefnlqb}? ebzfefnlqb}? hqnlmfýl b{fiflh`faha q{hkhoh{ q{hkhoh{ nl }f`nlmfb nzfqh{ nzfqh{ q{bwnh{  mbl `b} e~nk`n}, e~nk`n},

{n}wn {n }wnqb qb h `h `h} `h} lb{eh}4 lb{eh lb{ eh}}4 {n {n}w }wnq nqb b v Cèkfqb Cèk Cèkfqb} fqb} } }bmfb% }bmfb }bm fb%nswn{fenlqh`n} %nswn{fenlqh`n}? nswn{fenlqh`n} ? {n}wnqb w{èmqfmh an `h} jb{eh} an mbewb{qhefnlqb mbewb{qhefnlqb44 hw{nlan{  hw{nlan{ h ah{  ah{ `h} i{hmfh} i{hmfh}44 hw{nlan{ n` lbek{n an }~} mbewhøn{b}, hw{nlan{ mbewhøn{b},

1,%%Fewb{qhlmfh 1, %Fewb{qhlmfh an `h na~mhmfýl nl h`b{n}, 







Nl

`h }bmfnaha hmq~h` nsf}qn ~lh w`~{h`faha an wn{}blh} v wb{ `b qhlqb e~`qfq~a e~`qfq~a an fanh} n flqn{n}n}, H q{hzæ} an` afè`bib wbaneb} eb}q{h{ l~n}q{h} wb}q~{h} wb}q~{h} v hzhlh{ nl `h mbe~lfaha, Wb{ n}qb `h na~mhmfýl ankn nl}nøh{ h zfzf{ mbl mfn{qh eb{h`faha x~n mbl}fih zfzf{ an jb{eh o~}qh v {n}wnq~b}h qhlqb mbl ~lb ef}eb mbeb `b} aneè},  H H `b} lføb} }n `n} w~nan w`hlqnh{ hmqfzfahan} wh{h w{hmqfmh{  }fq~hmfbln} {nh`n} }bmfh`n} v an n}qh jb{eh wbaneb} nl}nøh{  mbla~mqh} an hv~ah b an mbbwn{hmfýl v }b`fah{faha, @h flq{ba~mmfýl an `h na~mhmfýl nl zh`b{n} an}an `h Na~mhmfýl Fljhlqf` n} n}nlmfh` wh{h q{hl}jb{eh{ `h }bmfnaha j~q~{h ablan `h} {n`hmfbln} an `h} wn{}blh} {nx~fn{nl b{fnlqhmfbln} æqfmh} v eb{h`n},

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@b} nnon @b} non} on} on } q{ q{hl}n q{h q{hl hl} l}n{}h }n{ n{}h {}h`n} }h`n `n}} h qn qnln{{  nl mm~ qnl m~nl ~nl nlqh qh wh wh{h {h na~mh{ nl h`b{n} }bl na~mh{ }bl?? Na~mhmfýl eb{h` v måfmh

Na~mhmfýl wh{h `h }h`~a

Na~mhmfýl wh{h `h whz

Wh{h? {n`hmfbln} }bmfh`n} #w~lqb} an zf}qh flqn{n}n}&4 zålm~`b} hjnmqfzb},

Wh{h?

Wh{h? mblbmn{ v mblq{b`h{ n` m~n{wb zh`b{hlab mhwhmfahan} v `fefqhmfbln},

qnln{ ~lh fehinl ho~}qhah v wb}fqfzh an }å ef}eb4 qbeh{  flfmfhqfzh v w`hlfjfmh{ `h hmmfýl,

²Mýeb }n ch{åh2  ¸ Ehlfjn}qhlab `b} }nlqfefnlqb} v zfznlmfh}4 {ni~`hmfýl an` mbewb{qhefnlqb4 mblq{fk~mfýl h` ehlqnlfefnlqb an` nlqb{lb,

²Mýeb2 Cèkfqb} an cfifnln mb{wb{h` h`fenlqhmfýl v an}mhl}b4 ~qf`fh{  fl}qh`hmfbln} an jb{eh hanm~hah4

²Mýeb2 Mb`hkb{hmfýl v hv~ah mbl `b} fi~h`n} v ha~`qb}4 n}m~mch{ v {n}wnqh{  h `b} aneè} nl mblzn{}hmfbln},

Na~mhmfýl wh{h `h Fi~h`aha an Bwb{q~lfahan}

Na~mhmfýl Hekfnlqh`

Na~mhmfýl h` mbl}~efab{ 

Wh{h? qnln{  nswn{fnlmfh} }fl `fefqhmfbln} wb{ n` }nsb4 hlh`fh{  w{no~fmfb} v n}qn{nbqfwb},

Wh{h? Zh`b{h{ `h fewb{qhlmfh an` enafb lhq~{h`4 eb}q{h{ flqn{æ} v m~{fb}faha chmfh `h mbew{nl}fýl an` enafb jå}fmb v }bmfh`,

Wh{h? ^qf`fhmfýl mb{{nmqh an ~qnl}f`fb} mbe~ln}4 ~qf`fhmfýl hanm~hah an fl}q{~enlqb} wh{h w{nznlf{  hmmfanlqn},

²Mýeb2  Hmnwqhmfýl an `h} afjn{nlmfh} an `b} aneè}4 nzfqh{  n}qn{nbqfwb}4 ~qf`fh{ ehqn{fh`n} x~n jhzb{nmhl `h wh{qfmfwhmfýl an qbab},

²Mýeb2 Nsw`b{h{  bkonqb} #}nlqfab} v hmmfbln}&4 Bk}n{zhmfýl af{nmqh v i~fhah an` mfm`b zfqh`4 an}m~k{fnlab `b} n`nenlqb} an` whf}hon lhq~{h`,

²Mýeb2 Mbl}q{~f{  h{qnjhmqb} b o~i~nqn} }nlmf``b} nl j~lmfýl an `b} w{bwfb} flqn{n}n}4 Mbewh{hmfýl an af}qflqb} bkonqb} }niÿl }~} w{bwfnahan},

>,%% Mý >, Mýeb eb v m~èlab m~èlab m~èl ab ~qf`fzh{ ~qf`f ~q f`fzh zh{{ nl n` n` h~`h `h} afjn{nlqn} Enqbab`biåh} 

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qf`fh{  afjn{nlqn} ^qf`fh{

enqbab`biåh} nl n` h~`h mbla~mf{è h `h w{bwb{mfýl an ebqfzhmfýl wb{  wb{ }~ wh{qn wh{qn,, @h n` n`nm nmmf mfýl ýl an zh zh{f zh{fh} {fh} h} enqba enqbab`biåh enqbab` enq bab`biå b`biåh} biåh} h}} b an ~lh ~lh }ý }ý`h }ý`h `h n}qh{è nl j~lmfýl an` jfl x~n }n x~fn{n mbl}ni~f{  mbl}ni~f{ nl n}n ebenlqb nl `h m`h}n m`h}n,, Qfwb} an enqbab`biåh} enqba en qbab`b b`biåh iåh}? }??  ¸ ½Cn{ehlh} Hihf± Hihf±? ±? kh}hah nl zfznlmfh} nl `h m{nhqfzfaha v nl `h wn{}blh`fhmfýl an` w{bwfb q{hkhob q{hkhob,,  ¸ Anm{b`v Anm{b`v?? }n kh}h nl ~lh enqbab`biåh  Hmqfzh Hmqfzh zfznlmfh` flafzfa~h`fhah v i`bkh`fhah nl `h x~n `h kh}n n} n` o~nib o~nib #}nl}b{fh` ebqý{fmb v an hqnlmfýl& hqnlmfýl& b O~nib} an flfmfhmfýl h `h hmqfzfaha flqn`nmq~h` #mbl}q{~f{  #mbl}q{~f{ v h}bmfh{& h}bmfh{&,,

:,%%W{bvnmqb :, %W{bvnmqb Na~mhqfb an Mnlq{b v W{bvnmqb M~{{fm~`h{ an Mnlq{b, 

W{b W{bvnmqb {bv vnm nmqb qb Na~ a~mh a~mhqf mhqf qfb an M Mnlq{b nlq{b #W,,N #W ,N, N,M ,M, M,,&&&?? n} n` hlè`f}f} an` mnlq{b v }~ nlqb{ nl nlqb{lb qb{lb lb h}å mbeb mbeb `h j~lah j~lahenlqh j~lahenlqhmfýl enlqhmfýl mfýl mfnl mf mfnlqåjfmh nlqå qåjfm jfmh h n` n` e eban eb baan`b n``b b af afaè aèmq mqfm fmb b v `h fanlqfaha x~n }ni~f{è n` mnlq{b fanlqfaha mnlq{b,,

N`nenlqb} an` W,N,M, ?

Mh{hmqn{å}qfmh} an` W,N,M, ?

Jflh`fahan}, #Fanlqfaha? n} `h x~n af af}}qf qfl li~n h` mn mnl lq{b an bq{b}&, [ni`henlqb an b{ihlfhmfýl v j~lmfblhefnlqb, M~{{fm ~`h{,, W{bvnmqb M~{{fm~`h{

%Mblm{nmfýl an fanlqfaha, I`bkh`faha, % J`nsfkf`faha, %Mbcn{nlmfh, %Mbew{bef}b mbe~lfqh{fb, % Mh{èmqn{ w{b}wnmqfzb v hqnlmfýl h `h afzn{}faha,

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W{bvnmqb M~{{fm~`h{ an Mnlq{b #W,M,M,& ¸ Fl}q{~enlqb h q{hzæ} an` m~h` n` w{bjn}b{hab an `h nqhwh n}qhk`nmn hm~n{ab} }bk{ }b k{n n `h }n }nm~ m~nl nlmf mfhm hmfý fýl l v b{ b{ih ihlf lfh hmf mfýl ýl qh qhlq lqb b an bk bkon onqfqfzb zb}} mbeb an mblqnlfab} h `b `h{ib an `b} mfm`b} h}å mbeb `h} bwmfbln} v n}q{hqnifh} an Flqn{znlmfýl,

N`nenlqb} an` W,M,M, ?

Mh{hmqn{å}qfmh} an` W,M,M, ?

% W{bvnmqb m~{{fm~`h{ an nqhwh #nl n}q }qn n mh mh}b }b `h Na~mhmfýl Fljhlqf`&, % W`hl an B{fnlqhmfýl N}mb`h{  #j~l #j ~lmf mfýl ýl q~ q~qqb{ b{fh fh`4`4 h, h,m, m,l, l,n, n,n} n}44 w`hl an jb{ehmfýl an` w{bjn}b{hab4 w`hl an nzh`~hmfýl an` W,M,M,&

%Mbew`nqh n` W{bvnmqb Na~mhqfzb, % Nsfin q{hkhob nl nx~fwb, %Ehqn{fh`fh n` Af}nøb M~{{fm~`h{ Kè}fmb, %Lhmn an` mblqnsqb an` mnlq{b, %N} `h j~nlqn an `h x~n }~{inl `b} afjn{nlqn} W{bvnmqb} M~{{fm~`h{n} an  H~`h #^lfahan} Afaèmqfmh} v  Hahwqhmfbln} M~{{fm~`h{n}&, %Ih{hlqfh mbcn{nlmfh v h{qfm~`hmfýl an `h} nl}nøhlh} an` mnlq{b,

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W{bvnmqb m~{{fm~`h{ an H~`h #W,M,H&? Fl}q{~enlqb wb{ n` m~h` n` w{bjn}b{hab anmfan }~} bwmfbln} na~mhqfzh} nl j~lmfýl an` W,N,M, v an` W,M,M,

N`nenlqb} an` W,M,H, ? % Eban`b afaèmqfmb, % Bkonqfzb}, % Mblqnlfab}, % Hmqf Hmqfzfa zfahan han}, }, % Enqbab`biåh, % B{ihlfhmfýl v nzh`~hmfýl,

n} n n`` ab abm~ m~enl enlqb qb an w{b w{bi{h i{hehm ehmfýl fýl v ^lfah ^lf ^lfaha aha a afa afaèm afaèmqfmh? èmqfm qfmhh? n} hmq~hmfýl abmnlqn, abmnlqn, Nl n``h jfi~{hl hmqfzfahan} x~n }n an}h{{b``hl nl ~l qfnewb anqn{eflhab wh{h mbl}ni~f{ mbl}ni~f{ `b} bkonqfzb} afaèmqfmb} hanm ha hanm~hab} nm~h ~hab ab}, },, N}qb} bkonqfzb} anknl n}qh{ n}qh{ hahwqhab} h mhah ~lfaha v }n {n`hmfblhl mbl `b} mblqnlfab} h nl}nøh{  nl}nøh{ nl n` h~`h h~`h,, 

% Mblm`~}fbln} Mblm`~}fbln} % 

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@h Na~mhmfýl Fljhlqf` n} ~lh nqhwh j~lahenlqh` nl n` an}h{{b``b inln{h` an` lføb, A~{hlqn n}qb} høb} #7 ¸ : høb}& wbaneb} wbqnlmfh{ h` eèsfeb `h} mhwhmfahan} an `b} h`~elb} enob{h{neb} }~ }bmfhkf`faha v hmqfq~an} n}m }mb b`h{n {n}} x~n haneè} w~nan anl l w{n {nzznl nlff{ nl ehv hvb b{  enafah n` hkhlablb w{nehq~{b an `h n}mb`h{fhmfýl nl nqhwh} wb}qn{fb{n}, Mbl `h na~mhmfýl qnew{hlh mhwqh{neb} `h} afjfm~`qhan} v lnmn}fahan} na~mhqfzh} x~n w~nahl }~{if{ v an n}qn ebab wban{ flqn{znlf{ `b hlqn} wb}fk`n v af}efl~f{ }~} mbl} mb l}nm nm~n ~nlm lmfh fh} } hv hv~a ~ahl hlab ab v ha hahw hwqh qhla lab b `h `h}} en enaf afah ah}} na~mhqfzh} h` h`~elb x~n `h} lnmn}fqn,

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N}

n` w{bjn jn}}b{ n` x~n ank nkn n flqn qn{{fb fb{{fh{ `b} w{fl flmf mfwf wfb} b} kè}fmb} h m{nh{ nl n` h~`h v }~} mb{{n}wblafnlqn} enqbab`biåh}, N}qh} enqbab`biåh} wh{h x~n }nhl eè} njfmhmn} v anl enob{n} {n}~`qhab} h `h cb{h an hw{nlan{ n} lnmn}h{fb x~n }n kh}nl nl `h nswn{fnlmfh v fnlmfh} wh{h x~n n` lføb an }filfjfmhab h `b x~n n}qè hw{nlafnlab {n`hmfblhlab {n`hmfblhl ab n` l~nzb mblbmfefnlqb mbl n` hlqfi~b, Lb n} `b ef}eb anmf{`n h ~l lføb `h} wh{qn} an` m~n{wb h q{hzæ} an feèinln} v jbqbi{hjåh} x~n o~ih{ mbl æ` enafhlqn ~lh hmqfzfaha x~n mbl}f}qh nl wnih{ ~l ½ibenq± nl `h} afjn{nlqn} wh{qn} an` m~n{wb }~vh} v x~n an}w~æ} chih ~l afk~ob an æ` ef}eb wb{ nonew`b,

 Nsf}qnl

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l~en{b}b} qfwb} an enqbab`biåh v anwnlafnlab an` mblqnlfab x~n x~fn{h nl}nøh{ n` w{b {bjn jn}b }b{ { ankn kn{è {è n`nif if{{ ~lh ~ bq{ q{h h, Wb{ n}b n} fewb{qhlqn x~n }fnew{n qnlih nl m~nlqh `h} afjn jn{{nlqn qn}} jb jb{{eh eh}} an nl}n }nøh øh{{ `b} mblqn qnl lfa fab b} v w`h}eh{`h} nl `h} ~lfahan} afaèmqfmh} x~n }n nlz~n`znl anlq{b an` W,M,M v æ}qn h }~ zn anlq{b an` W,N,M, ]fl b`zfah{ `h mblqfl~h jb{ehmfýl v hmq~h`fhmfýl x~n ch{èl x~n n` w{bjn}b{ enob{n }~ w{bjn}fblh`faha v }~ i~}qb wb{ `h nl}nøhlh, @b m~h` }n {nj`noh{è nl `h ebqfzhmfýl an `b} h`~elb} wb{ n` hw{nlan{,