Dictionary

A Anemic someone who has a decreased number of red blood cells. Anorexia an obsessive fear of gaining weight in which a person refuses to eat. Abasia inability to walk Aberrant differing to normal Acne is a common skin disease characterized by pimples on the face, chest, and back. It occurs when the pores of the skin become clogged with oil, dead skin cells, and bacteria.

Anxiety is a multisystem response to a perceived threat or danger. It reflects a combination of biochemical changes in the body, the patient's personal history and memory, and the social situation.

B Bacillus a family or rod-like bacteria causes diseases in man Bacterium a single celled microorganism that multiplies by cell division. That may cause diseases to human. Bacteriology The science and study of bacteria and their relation to medicine and to other areas such as agriculture and industry.

Acyclovir [a-si´klo-vir] a synthetic acyclic purine nucleoside with selective antiviral activity against the human herpesviruses, used in treatment of genital and mucocutaneous herpesvirus infections in both immunocompromised patients and those who are not. Alcoholism is defined by the American Medical Association (AMA) as "a primary, chronic disease with genetic, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations." Antioxidant (an'tē-oks'ĭ-dănt), An agent that inhibits oxidation; any of numerous chemical substances including certain natural body products and nutrients that can neutralize the oxidant effect of free radicals and other substances.

Ballismus A type of involuntary movement affecting the limbs,sometimes only affecting one side of the body. Barr body A microscopic feature of female cells that is due to the presence of two X chromosomes, one of which is inactive and crumples up Baylisascaris Infection by the raccoon roundworm. Baylisascaris procyonis is found commonly in raccoons. When infective eggs of this roundworm are ingested by humans, Baylisascaris larvae hatch in the intestine and travel through the organs and muscles. This is the larva migrans syndrome.

C Candida [kan´dĭ-dah] a genus of yeastlike fungi that are commonly part of the normal flora of the mouth, skin, intestinal tract, and vagina, but can cause a variety of infections. Codeine [ko´dēn] an alkaloid obtained from opium or morphine, used as the base or as the phosphate or sulfate salt as an opioid analgesic, antitussive, and antidiarrheal. Ciprofloxacin [sip″ro-flok´sah-sin] a quinolone antibacterial agent effective against many gram-positive and gramnegative bacteria, including some strains resistant to other agents such as penicillins.

D Death the final cessation of vital functions in an organism. Debridement the removal of dead or infected tissue from the wound. Debris an accumulation of wasteful fragments during the course of healing of a scarred tissue. Decay rotting or wasting away of an organic matter. Decerebration removal of an important brain part resulting in the absence of normal brain functions

Cachexia a general weight loss occurring due to severe disease or emotional disturbance Cadaver a dead body Caesarean an operation for delivering the child by cutting through the wall of the abdomen and the uterus Caffeine a substance obtained from tea or coffee, used as stimulant Calcaneus the bone that forms the heel Calculus a stoned formed in any part of the body. Composed of salts of calcium or any materials such as cholesterol

Darvon [dahr´von] trademark for preparations containing propoxyphene, an opioid analgesic. Dental [den´t'l] pertaining to the teeth. Detox (dē-tŏks′) n. A section of a hospital or clinic in which patients are detoxified. Diabetes [di″ah-be´tēz] a general term referring to any of various disorders characterized by excessive urination (polyuria); when used alone, the term refers to diabetes mellitus. Doxycycline [dok″sĕ-si´klēn] a broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic, used as the hyclate and calcium salts against a wide range of grampositive and gram-negative organisms; administered orally or intravenously.

Drug (drŭg), Therapeutic agent; any substance, other than food, used in the prevention, diagnosis, alleviation, treatment, or cure of disease.

E Ear drum the membrane of the middle ear. Ebulism formation of water vapor bubbles in the tissues brought on by extreme reduction in barometric pressure if the body is exposed to pressures above an altitude. Eccentric abnormal or peculiar in ideas or behavior. Eccrisis

the products.

removal

of

waste

Eccritic promoting the expulsion of waste matters

Falsification the deliberate of representation so as to deceive. Fasciculus a bundle of muscle nerve or connective tissue fibers Fasciitis inflammation in fascia Fatality a condition, disease or disaster ending in death Fatigue a state of tiredness of body and mind after a period of prolonged stress and work.

Echocardiography is a diagnostic test which uses ultrasound waves to make images of the heart chambers, valves and surrounding structures. It can measure cardiac output and is a sensitive test for fluid around the heart (pericardial effusion). It can also be used to detect abnormal anatomy or infections of the heart valves. Ecstasy A state of rapture and trancelike elation. An illicit drug, considered a recreational or party drug. It acts as both a stimulant and a hallucinogen.

F Factor one of the contributing causes in any action.

Fibromyalgia is a neurosensory disorder characterized by widespread muscle pain, joint stiffness, and fatigue. The condition is chronic (ongoing), but pain comes and goes and moves about the body. Flexeril [flek´sah-ril] trademark for a preparation of cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride, a skeletal muscle relaxant.

G Gait manner of walking Galactacrasia abnormal composition of mother’s milk.

Galactogogue an agent that promotes the secretion and flow of milk. Gamete a mature germ cell able to unite with another in sexual reproduction

H Heartburn is a burning sensation in the chest that can extend to the neck, throat, and face; it is worsened by bending or lying down. Hormone [hor´mōn] a chemical transmitter substance produced by cells of the body and transported by the bloodstream to the cells and organs on which it has a specific regulatory effect.

K Karyokinesis during cell division, the process of partition of a cell's nucleus into the daughter cells. See also: Cytokinesis; Mitosis. Karyokinesis during cell division, the process of partition of a cell's nucleus into the daughter cells. See also: Cytokinesis; Mitosis.

L Lead (Pb) Do not confuse this word with the verb led (past tense of lead). A metallic element, atomic no. 82, atomic wt. 207.2.

I Impotence often called erectile dysfunction, is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection long enough to engage in sexual intercourse.

J Jaundice Yellow staining of the skin and sclerae (the whites of the eyes) by abnormally high blood levels of the bile pigment bilirubin. Jet lag A temporary disorder that causes fatigue, insomnia, and other symptoms as a result of rapid air travel across time zones.

Librium [lib´re-um] trademark for preparations of chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, an antianxiety agent. Lorazepam [lor-az´ĕ-pam] a benzodiazepine derivative used as an antianxiety agent, sedativehypnotic, preanesthetic medication, and anticonvulsant, and as an antiemetic in cancer chemotherapy; administered orally, intravenously, or intramuscularly.

M Macrobiotic Referring to the macrobiota, a region's living organisms that are large enough to be seen with the naked eye.

Medication [med″ĭ-ka´shun] administration of remedies. Meridian [mĕ-rid´e-an] an imaginary line on the surface of a globe or sphere, connecting the opposite ends of its axis. adj., adj merid´ional.

N Naloxone A drug that antagonizes morphine and other opiates. Naloxone is a pure opiate antagonist and prevents or reverses the effects of opioids including respiratory depression, sedation and hypotension. Sold under the brand name of Narcan and in combination with buprenorphine as Suboxone.

P Paradox (par'ă-doks) Avoid the jargonistic use of this word to meaan simply 'something unusual or unexpected. Paroxetine [pah-rok´sĕ-tēn] a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant and to treat obsessive-compulsive, panic, and social anxiety disorders. Paxil [pak´sil] trademark for preparations of paroxetine hydrochloride, an antidepressant and antianxiety agent. Pharmacy [fahr´mah-se] the branch of the health sciences dealing with the preparation, dispensing, and proper utilization of drugs.

Nausea Stomach queasiness, the urge to vomit. Nausea can be brought on by many causes, including systemic illnesses (such as influenza), medications, pain, and inner ear disease.

O Obesity The state of being well above one's normal weight. Offspring The progeny, or young, born to a person. In a larger sense, the offspring are collectively all the descendants, the brood, or the family.

Prescription [pre-skrip´shun] a written directive, as for the compounding or dispensing and administration of drugs, or for other service to a particular patient. Prozac [pro´zak] trademark for preparations of fluoxetine hydrochloride, an antidepressant. Psychic [si´kik] pertaining to the psyche.

Q Quadriceps Although the term "quadriceps" technically may refer to any four-headed muscle, it usually refers to and is synonymous with the quadriceps muscle of the thigh, the large muscle that comes down the femur, goes over the patella (the kneecap) and anchors into the top of the tibia.

Quinine The original antimalarial agent, quinine took its name from the Peruvian Indian word "kina" meaning "bark of the tree" referring to the cinchona tree.

R Rabies A potentially fatal viral infection that attacks the central nervous system. Radiation Rays of energy. Gamma rays and Xrays are two of the types of energy waves often used in medicine. 2. The use of energy waves to diagnose or treat disease.

t Tactile Having to do with touch. For example, tactile signs of disease are signs that are perceptible by touch, such as roughness of the skin.

U Ulcer A lesion that is eroding away the skin or mucous membrane. Ulcers can have various causes, depending on their location.

V Vaccination Injection of a killed microbe in order to stimulate the immune system against the microbe, thereby preventing disease.

Rheumatoid arthritis An autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of joints. Rheumatoid disease can also involve inflammation of tissues in other areas of the body, such as the lungs, heart, and eyes.

S Saffron An extremely costly yellow spice derived from the dried stigmas of the saffron crocus (Crocus sativus). Saliva a watery secretion in the mouth produced by the salivary glands that aids in the digestion of food.

Vasopressin A relatively small (peptide) molecule that is released by the pituitary gland at the base of the brain after being made nearby (in the hypothalamus). Vitrectomy is the surgical removal of the vitreous (transparent gel that fills the eye from the iris to the retina).

W Wagner syndrome a genetic condition caused by a mutation in the gene encoding chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan. Water blister A blister with clear watery contents that is not purulent and is not sanguineous (does not contain blood).

WBC White blood cell.

X X chromosome The sex chromosome that is found twice in normal females and singly, along with a Y chromosome, in normal males. Xeroradiograph A picture of the body recorded on paper rather than on film. Also called a xerogram. X-ray High-energy radiation with waves shorter than those of visible light. X-ray is used in low doses to make images that help to diagnose diseases and in high doses to treat cancer.

Z Zinc A mineral that is essential to the body and is a constituent of many enzymes that permit chemical reactions to proceed at normal rates. Zoloft [zo´loft] trademark for preparations of sertraline hydrochloride, an antidepressant, antiobsessional, and antipanic agent. Zone Diet The Zone diet is a weight loss plan based upon the idea that the right ratio of carbohydrates to proteins and fats can control levels of insulin in the bloodstream.

Y Yawning Involuntary opening of the mouth with respiration, breathing first inward, then outward. Yawning is often caused by the power of suggestion.

Yersinia A group of bacteria that appear rod-like under the microscope and include Yersinia pestis (the cause of the bubonic and pneumonic plague). Youth The time between childhood and maturity.

Zygote The cell formed by the union of a male sex cell (a sperm) and a female sex cell (an ovum). The zygote develops into the embryo following the instruction encoded in its genetic material, the DNA.

EDICA L ICTIONA RY Rachelle Giorgina C. Royo