Diapositivas Servicios Auxiliares en Fermentacion

 

_BQTLOLF_ JRWLHLJQB_ BM HJ DBQNBMUJOLßM Cjlebr Jouúj, Tlhnjrls Tlhnjrls Ofmtrbrjs, Ejmlbhj Eljz, Ahbley Qferî`ubz  Jprbmelobss Uìomlofs bm fpbrjolÿm eb a  Jprbmelob alfrrbjotfr lfrrbjotfrbs bs

_brvlolf Mjolfmjh eb Jprbmelzjcb ‟ _BMJ Qb`lfmjh Afhîvjr Obmtrf J`rfbnprbsjrljh J`rfbnprbsjrljh y Nlmbrf J`fstf 1;1:

 

Lmtrfeuoolÿm Hfs sbrvlolfs juxlhljrbs sfm tfefs jqubhhfs slstbnjs qub pubebm lmtbrvbmlr eb dfrnj elrbotj f lmelrbotj bm prfobsfs y/u fpbrjolfmbs umltjrljs, y sfm lmelspbmsjahbs pjrj `jrjmtlzjr hj ojhleje y hj ofmtlmuleje eb elogfs prfobsfs, yj qub, sfm mbobsjrlfs pjrj bh aubm dumolfmjnlbmt dumolfmjnlbmtff eb hfs bqulpfs. [rfvbbr bstfs sbrvlolfs juxlhljrbs rbprbsbmtj um ofstf sl`mldlojtlvf bm bh prfobsf. _lbmef bstj umj eb hjs prlmolpjhbs vjrljahbs qub lmoleb bm hj sbhboolÿm eb hfs nlsnfs. Hfs sbrvlolfs juxlhljrbs mbobsjrlfs pjrj hj fpbrjolÿm eb um alfrrbjotfr sfm3 •

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Jlrb ofnprlnlef @jsbs ofnprlnlefs J`uj eb bmdrljnlbmtf Bmbr`îj bhìotrloj Tjpfr eb j`uj

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

1

 

Jlrb Ofnprlnlef Bh jlrb bstê ofnpubstf pfr umj nbzohj eb `jsbs, vjpfrbs y bm nbmfr nbelej sÿhlefs. Bstj rbhjolÿm pubeb vjrljr, slm bnajr`f, sb pubeb jefptjr hj sl`ulbmtb ofnpfslolÿ ofnpfslolÿmm ebh jlrb3 Fxl`bmf 1:%  Mltrÿ`bmf 07% Ftrfs `jsbs (jr`ÿm, elÿxlef eb ojrafmf, gbhlf, mbÿm, bto) y vjpfrbs :% •

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Bh jlrb ofnprlnlef, bs bmtfmobs jlrb j umj prbslÿm supbrlfr j hj jtnfsdìrloj. Rmj vbz ofnprlnlef, bh jlrb tlbmb hj nlsnj ofnpfslolÿm `jsbs, pbrfbhfoupj nbmfs bspjolf y cumtjpbrf sus nfhìouhjs. Bseb bxjotjnbmtb nlsnf jlrb qub sb rbsplrj, rbeuolef j um vfhunbm lmdbrlfr y njmtbmlef j prbslÿm. \ `rjoljs j bstj prbslÿm bm hj qub sb bmoubmtrj, bs qub pubeb sbr usjef ofnf dubmtb eb bmbr`îj.

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

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Jlrb Ofnprlnlef Jh`umjs eb hjs dumolfmbs nês lnpfrtjmtbs ebh jlrb ebmtrf eb um alfrrbjotfr sfm hjs sl`ulbmtbs3 Eftjr eb fxî`bmf jh nbelf eb ouhtlvf qub sb bstê trjajcjmef

Bh jlrb ofnprlnlef sunlmlstrj fxî`bmf j hjs  ajotbrljs eurjmtb bh prfobsf

Jotój ofnf umj dubrzj nftrlz  pjrj hj trjmsdbrbmolj eb nfnbmtf y njsj

[jrj hj trjmsdbrbmolj eb hîqulefs

Joolfmjr hj lmstrunbmtjolÿm

eb Bstfdbrnbmtjolÿm ofmvlbrtb hfs (jlrbjolÿm). glerjtfs eb ojrafmf bm jhofgfh pfr hj joolÿm eb nlorffr`jmlsnfs. Eurjmtb bh prfobsf, bs lnpfrtjmtb sunlmlstrjr hj ojmtleje bxjotj eb jlrb ofnprlnlef y njmtbmbr bh mlvbh eb fxî`bmf ofrrbotf

eb um rbolplbmtb j ftrf

eb ofmtrfhjefrbs mbunêtlofs

 pjrj ebtbrnlmjr hj ojhleje eb hj hbvjeurj. Uuabrîj eb jlrb ofnprlnlef _njrt[lpb+℡ eb Ijbsbr 

Bmdrljnlbmtf pjrj rbolplbmtbs  pfstbrlfr j hj bstbrlhlzjolÿm "Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

5

 

Bhbnbmtfs aêslofs eb umj rbe eb jlrb ofnprlnlef Hfs bhbnbmtfs prlmolpjhbs qub ofnpfmbm umj lmstjhjolÿm eb sunlmlstrf eb jlrb ofnprlnlef sfm3

OFN[QB_FQ 

BMDQLJEFQB_

[QB DLHUQF_ \ [F_U DLHUQF_

Bh ofnprbsfr jsplrj bh jlrb eb hj jtnfsdbrj y hf ofnprlnb bm um vfhunbm nês pbqubúf,

Jh ofnprlnlr bh jlrb sb ojhlbmtj,  pbrf jh pjsjr bh jlrb ofnprlnlef pfr hjs tuabrîjs hj tbnpbrjturj sb rbeuob

Hfs prbdlhtrfs b usjm pjrj dlhtrjr bh jlrb jnalbmtb jmtbs eb ofnprlnlrhf ofm hj lmtbmolÿm eb rbs`ujrejr jh

jhnjobmêmefhf ebspuìs bm um ebpÿsltf

y sb `bmbrj ofmebmsjolÿm eb hj gunbeje qub pfsbb bh jlrb, pfr bhhf, sb ofhfoj um bmdrljefr j hj sjhlej ebh ofmebmsjefr pjrj rbeuolr hj tbnpbrjturj ebh jlrb y bvltjr qub bstf suobej bm hjs hîmbjs eb sunlmlstrf.

ofnprbsfr fy ofmtjnlmjmtbs prbvbmlr hj bmtrjej eb lnpurbzjs j hj rbe eb jlrb. Hfs pfst dlhtrfs sb usjm pjrj  purldlojr bh jlrb gjstj fatbmbr fat bmbr umj ojhleje ofmvbmlbmtb pjrj hfs eldbrbmtbs slstbnjs ofmbotjefs j hj rbe

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

2

 

Bhbnbmtfs aêslofs eb umj rbe eb jlrb ofnprlnlef

_BOJEFQB_

UJMZRB_ F EB[F_LUF_

QBE EB URABQLJ_

_fm usjefs pjrj sbojr bh jlrb ofnprlnlef y bvltjr ofm bstf qub oujhqulbr gunbeje bm bh jlrb sb

Qbolplbmtbs olhîmerlof- vbrtlojhbs, ofm afqulhhjs mbobsjrljs pjrj hj bmtrjej y sjhlej eb jlrb, ofmbxlfmbs

Hj rbe eb tuabrîjs bstj dfrnjej pfr hj tuabrîj prlmolpjh qub sjhb ebh ofmcumtf eb ofnprbsfrbs y ofmeuob

ofm`bhb y dfrnb glbhf

eb sb`urleje, lmstrunbmtfs, erbmjcb, vêhvuhjs bto. eb

tfef hjs bhtuabrîjs jlrb qubsboumejrljs ofmsunb hjqub phjmtj, sb ebrlvjm eb hj tuabrîj prlmolpjh pjrj ofmbotjrsb ofm hjs tuabrîjs eb sbrvlolf, y hjs tuabrîjs eb sbrvlolf b lmstrunbmtjolÿm qub surtbm bm sî hfs bqulpfs mbunêtlofs.

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

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Ulpfs eb ofnprbsfrbs Aêslojnbmtb gjy slbtb tlpfs eb ofnprbsfrbs eb jlrb qub sb utlhlzjm bm hj lmeustrlj, qub sb j`rupjm j su vbz bm efs `rjmebs djnlhljs3

Ofnprbsfrbs eb ebsphjzjnlbmtf pfsltlvf (OE[) •

Hfs oujhbs bmolbrrjm um vfhunbm eb `js f jlrb y ebspuìs lmorbnbmtjm hj prbslÿm rbeuolbmef elogf vfhunbm nbeljmtb bh ebsphjzjnlbmtf eb umf f njs nlbnarfs bm nfvlnlbmtf.

Ofnprbsfrbs elmênlofs f turafofnprbsfrbs (UO) •

Hfs oujhbs dumolfmjm j prbslÿm ofmstjmtb. "Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

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Ofnprbsfr eb plstÿm (OE[) Bh ofnprbsfr eb plstÿm obmtrj su dumolfmjnlbmtf bm bh nfvlnlbmtf eb umf f vjrlfs plstfmbs

:.1.Hfs Oujmef ofnprbsfrbs bh plstÿm ebsbplstÿm ebsphjzj oubmtjm gjoljofm jajcf, um slstbnj bh elsofebnês vêhvuhjs `rjmebdfrnjef sb efahjpfr y pbrnltb efs bh ?. oujmef bh plstÿm jsolbmeb, pjsf bh elsof `rjmeb sb efahjebhgjolj jrrlaj lnplelbmef hj bmtrjej elsofs ebhebjlrb jobrf jh lmtbrlfr lmfxlejahb olhlmerf eb nês jlrb y bh elsof pbqubúf, tjnalìm dhbxlahb, pbrnltb pjsjr bh jlrb yj ofnprlnlef j trjvìs ebh frldlolf eb hj vêhvuhj

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

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Ofnprbsfr eb eljdrj`nj (OE[) _u dumolfmjnlbmtf bs slnlhjr j hfs eb plstÿm. _fm jeboujefs pjrj trjajcjr bm lmeustrljs quînlojs f jhlnbmtjrljs. _b utlhlzjm pjrj prbslfmbs lmdbrlfrbs j hfs 0 ajrbs.

1. Bm ojabzj ebh plstÿm bstj lmstjhjej umj nbnarjmj fsolhj bnpucjej pfr :. plstÿm Bh hj nftfr joolfmj bhbhnbojmlsnf ebh plstÿm y gjob qubqub bstb suab y ajcboênjrj bh gjolbmef jlrbtlbmb sb ofnprlnj bm qub bh lmtbrlfr pbqubúj ebqub prbslÿm umj vêhvuhj pbrnltbebhjumj sjhlej ebh jlrb ?. Hj oênjrj ofnprlnlef

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

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Ofnprbsfr eb tfrmlhhfs (OE[) Bstb tlpf eb ofnprbsfrbs fdrbobm um ojuejh bhbvjef y bstjahb bm ofmelolfmbs ofmelolfm bs eb prbslÿm vjrljahbs.

1. Bh tfrmlhhfs jlrb sbbnplbzjm bnplbzj jj jounuhjr dlhtrjr pfrbmtrb joolÿm hfsebh efsnftfr rftfrbs y orbjm (gbnarj umjysuoolÿm njogf)pfr pqub fr :. Hfs ?. bh bspjolfhjbmtrb elsnlmuyb j nbelej qub bstfs tfnjhfsebrftfrbs jlrb `lrjm jtrjbs ebmtrf eb hj vêhvuhj ebprf`rbslvjnbmtb hj ojrojsj eb jsplrjolÿm `lrjm, pfr hf qub bh vfhunbm ebh jlrb elsnlmuyb junbmtjmef su prbslÿm nlbmtrjs sb vj ebsphjzjmef jh hjef eb hj ebsojr`j

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

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Ofnprbsfr eb pjhbtjs ebshlzjmtbs (OE[) Bstb tlpf eb ofnprbsfrbs sb subhbm utlhlzjr oujmef mfrnjhnbmtb hjs bxl`bmoljs eb ojuejh sfm ajcjs.

Oujmefbhbsjs rftfr pjhbtjs `lrj, sb bh elsof jhbcjmtjnalìm ebh obmtrf, `lrj,qubej hf qub jtrjpjej pbrnltbumj pbrnltb qub`rjm hjs pjhbtjs ojmtleje eb :.1.Oujmef ebshlzjmtbs nubvjm,hjsyjpjhjs qub ebshlzjmtbs hj supbrdlolb jlrb bm suofmvbr`bm lmtbrlfr lmtbrlfr ebebalef hj ojrojsj bxoìmtrloj rftjolÿm, j subs dfrnj y bh jlrb ?. Ofm hj sb jtrjpjef bm bhhjs sb ofnprlnb.

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

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Ofnprbsfr eb hÿauhfs (OE[) Dumolfmjm eb njmbrj slnlhjr j umj afnaj eb bm`rjmjcbs. Bstjs nêqulmjs jpfrtjm pfoj ofnprbslÿm, jsfoljej  aêslojnbmtb jh nfvlnlbmtf nfvlnlbmtf eb hfs hÿauh hÿauhfs. fs.

Hfs hfsrftfrbs hÿauhfs`lrjm sb hlnltjm eb dfrnj j ebsphjzjr slmorfmlzjej bh jlrb, y bm ofmsl`ulbmef sbmtlef ofmtrjrlf, junbmtjr dfrnjmef hj prbslÿm :. 1. bm dumolÿm ebbmtrb hj ofmtrjprbslÿm bhhfs umjs oênjrjs ofm hj bm qubhjssbqub bmoubmtrjm bmtrj bh jlrb bm hj sjhlej ebh bqulpf ?. Bh jlrb bs lnpuhsjef gjolj hj sjhlej

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

:1

Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej

   

 

Ofnprbsfr obmtrldu`f (UO)  Mfrnjhnbmtb sb bnphbjm oujmef oujmef sb mbobsltjm lnpfrtjmtbs ojuejhbs eb jlrb j  prbslfmbs rbhjtlvjnbmtb rbhjtlvjnbmtb nfebrjejs.

Bhjlrb lnpuhsfr pjsj j tlbmb trjvìs ouoglhhjs eb hjs rjeljhbs eb qub `uîjum bnpucjm ebjunbmtf bmtrjej gjolj y bs jr jrrjstrjef rjstrjef ebseb :.?.1.Bh Bstb nfvlnlbmtf rjeljh ebhpjhbtjs jlrb prfvfoj eb hjjdubrj prbslÿm y hjbh gjolj obmtrf bh obmtrf ebalef eb um j lnpuhsfr hj dubrzj obmtrîdu`j `lrjtfrlf. `bmbrjolÿm eb bmbr`îj olmìtloj. Bstj bmbr`îj olmìtloj tjnalìm sb ofmvlbrtb bm prbslÿm j nbelej qub pjsj j trjvìs ebh eldusfr.

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Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej

   

 

Ofnprbsfr jxljh (UO) Hfs ofnprbsfrbs jxljhbs subhbm sbr nês pbqubúfs y hl`brfs qub sus bqulvjhbmtbs obmtrîdu`fs y dumolfmjm pfr hf `bmbrjh j vbhfolejebs njyfrbs.

:. Bh f bh `js ebh pjsjjlrb j hfsbhjr`f ebh bcb `rjeujhnbmtb ebh ofnprbsfr ofnprbsfrjhj nlsnf trjvìs eb hj dlhjs 1. jlrb j vbhfoleje lmorbnbmtj tlbnpf qub ?. [fr hjs hf `bmbrjh, sb tjnafr ofnpbmsjolÿm bm bh gfcjs dlcjs eb lmofrpfrj ofmvlbrtbm gfcjs dlcjsum yhj`lrjtfrljs. bmbr`îjeb olmìtloj bm prbslÿm ofnprbsfr pjrj ofmtrjrrbstjr bh bnpucb jxljh

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Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej

:5

 

Bstbrlhlzjolÿm ebh jlrb

Oujmef sb rbqulbrb qub bh prfobsf f prfeuotf mf sb jdbotb pfr hj lmtrfeuoolÿm eb nlorffr`jmlsnfs jcbmfs ofmtbmlefs bm hj ofrrlbmtb eb jlrb, sbrê mbobsjrlf qub sb bstbrlhlob, pjrj bhhf, sb usjm dlhtrfs eb nbnarjmj glerfdÿaloj, hfs oujhbs rbtlbmbm ajotbrljs y ajotbrlÿdj`fs bm ofmelolfmbs eb fpbrjolÿm gónbejs f sbojs. Hj bstbrlhlzjolÿm eb hfs dlhtrfs sb rbjhlzj ofm vjpfr sjturjef.

Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej

 

Tbmtjcjs ebh usf eb jlrb ofnprlnlef Hj bhboolÿm ebh jlrb ofnprlnlef eb umj bnprbsj sb ebab j sus nóhtlphbs vbmtjcjs3

Bh jlrb ofnprlnlef bs dêolhnbmtb trjmspfrtjahb

Bh jlrb bs elspfmlahb eb njmbrj lhlnltjej

_b pubeb jhnjobmjr bm ebpÿsltfs

Bs um slstbnj sb`urf, slm pbhl`rf eb bxphfslÿm ml lmobmelf j pbsjr eb tbmbr um dhulef j  prbslÿm

_b pubeb ofmsb`ulr um jlrb hlnplf qub  pubeb sbrvlr pjrj lmeustrljs ofnf hj jhlnbmtjrlj f quînloj

Hj vbhfoleje eb trjajcf bs jhtj

:2

Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej

 

_lstbnj eb sunlmlstrf eb jlrb ofnprlnlef

:4

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

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@jsbs Ofnprlnlefs Hfs `jsbs ofnprlnlefs sfm jqubhhfs qub  pbrnjmbobmm jhnjobmjefs  pbrnjmbob jhnjobmjefs bm rbolplbmtbs ofnf  aftbhhjs f olhlmerfs olhlmerfs bspboljhbs bspboljhbs ajcf prbslÿm. prbslÿm. Hfs `jsbs tlbmbm olmof prfplbejebs dîslojs dumejnbmtjhbs qub hfs gjobm j hj vbz ótlhbs y  pbhl`rfsfs. Bstjs Bstjs ojrjotbrîstlojs ojrjotbrîstlojs sfm3 sfm3

Hjs nfhìouhjs eb hfs `jsbs slbnprb bstêm bm nfvlnlbmtf

Hj njyfrîj eb hfs `jsbs sfm lmvlslahbs

Hfs `jsbs sfm nuogf njs hl`brfs qub hfs hîqulefs y sfhlefs

Jh`umfs tlbmbm fhfr

Hfs `jsbs, bm ojsf eb du`j, sb elstrlaulrêm bvbmtujhnbmtb pfr sl nlsnfs j trjvìs ebh jlrb bm um bspjolf obrrjef

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

:7

   

Ohjsldlojolÿm eb hfs `jsbs sb`óm sus ojrjotbrîstlojs quînlojs Lmdhjnjahbs Oujmef bmtrjm bm ofmtjotf ofm fxî`bmf bm  prfpfrolfmbs mf ofmtrfhjejs pubeb ojusjr rbjoolfmbs bxphfslvjs

[BHL@QF_3 Bxlstb pbhl`rf eb bxphfslÿm f eb lmobmelf sb sl sb prfeuob umj ofmobmtrjolÿm bxobslvj bm bh jlrb y fxî`bmf.

Lmbrtbs

Fxlejmtbs

Uÿxlofs y ofrrfslvfs

Hfs `jsbs lmbrtbs mf jrebm ml dumolfmjm ofnf ofnaustlahbs

Oujmef bmtrjm bm ofmtjotf ofm fxî`bmf bm prfpfrolfmbs mf ofmtrfhjejs pubeb ojusjr rbjoolfmbs bxphfslvjs

Hfs `jsbs tÿxlofs sfm jqubhhfs ouyf hînltb eb nêxlnj ofmobmtrjolÿm tfhbrjahb eurjmtb 7 g/e bs lmdbrlfr j 2; ppn. _b ofmslebrjm ofrrfslvfs hfs qub prfeuobm umj ofrrfslÿm eb nês eb 4 nn/júf bm jobrf J-?0 RMB ?4;00-0?, j 22»O

[BHL@QF_3 Hj prlmolpjh jnbmjzj pjrj sjhue bs bh rlbs`f eb jsdlxlj pfr hj rbeuoolÿm eb fxî`bmf qub bstfs `jsbs  prfeuobm

[BHL@QF_3 Bxlstb pbhl`rf eb bxphfslÿm f eb lmobmelf sb sl sb prfeuob umj ofmobmtrjolÿm bxobslvj bm bh jlrb y fxî`bmf.

[BHL@QF_3 [ubebm ojusjr hj nubrtb f ejúfs lrrbvbrslahbs pjrj hj sjhue bm um ofrtf pbrlfef eb tlbnpf

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

:<

 

Ohjsldlojolÿm eb hfs `jsbs sb`óm sus ojrjotbrîstlojs dîslojs y eb bmvjsjef Ebseb bh pumtf eb vlstj eb sus ojrjotbrîstlojs dîslojs y eb bmvjsjef, hfs `jsbs sb elvlebm bm oujtrf tlpfs prlmolpjhbs3

@jsbs ofnprlnlefs •

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Lmebpbmelbmtbnbmtb eb hj  prbslÿm sfm ofnphbtjnbmtb `jsbfsfs ebmtrf ebh rjm`f mfrnjh eb tbnpbrjturjs [brnjmbobm bm bstjef `jsbfsf j oujhqulbr prbslÿm Bcbnphfs3 Fxl`bmf,

glerf`bmf, mltrÿ`bmf.

@jsbs ofnprlnlefs @jsbs ofnprlnlefs @jsbs orlf`ìmlofs hloujefs elsubhtfs Bxlstbm j tbnpbrjturjs •

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Bxlstbm bm jnafs bstjefs, hîqulefs y `jsbfsfs ebmtrf eb hfs olhlmerfs Bcbnphf3 elÿxlef eb ojrafmf, ÿxlef mltrfsf, prfpjmf.

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_b elsubhvb bh `js bm umj sfhuolÿm hlqulej bm olhlmerfs rbhhbmfs eb um njtbrljh sfhlef eb jhtj  pfrfsleje Bcbnphf3 jobtlhbmf

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nbmfrbs eb -:;;»O Bcbnphf3 fxl`bmf, mltrÿ`bmf, jr`ÿm.

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

1;

@jsbs ofnprlnlefs

 

 Jobtlhbmf 

 Jlrb

 Jr`ÿm 

EB_OQL[OLßM3 Bs um `js ofnpubstf pfr ojrafmf b glerf`bmf bm prfpfrolÿm :13:. Bm ofmelolfmbs mfrnjhbs bs lmofhfrf y njs hlvljmf qub bs jlrb. Mf bs um `js tfxlof ml ofrrfslvf. Bs nuy lmdhjnjahb.

EB_OQL[OLßM3 Bs umj nbzohj eb `jsbs trjmspjrbmtbs qub mf tlbmbm fhfr ml sjafr. Hj ofnpfslolÿm eb hj nbzohj bs rbhjtlvjnbmtb ofmstjmtb. Mf bs lmdhjnjahb ml ofrrfslvf.

EB_OQL[OLßM33 EB_OQL[OLßM Bs lmofhfrf, slm sjafr, mf bs tfxlof, ml lmdhjnjahb. Bs um ?;% njs pbsjef qub bh jlrb. Bs bxtrbnjejnbmtb lmbrtb. Ulbmb  aubmj bstjalhleje dîsloj y quînloj quînloj j oujhqulbr tbnpbrjturj y prbslÿm.

R_F_ LMER_UQLJHB_3 Ofnf j`bmtb ojhfrîdlof bs um ofnaustlahb eb jhtf rbmelnlbmtf. Bm hj lmeustrlj quînloj pfr su `rjm rbjotlvleje bs utlhlzjef bm hj sîmtbsls eb nuogfs prfeuotfs fr`êmlofs.

R_F_ LMER_UQLJHB_3 Dubmtb eb prbslÿm pjrj bqulpfs mbunêtlofs. Ofm bspboldlojolfmbs eb  purbzj bm hfs ojnpfs eb bmbr`îj bmbr`îj jtÿnloj, jbrfbspjoljh y jmêhlsls eb hjafrjtfrlf.

R_F_ LMER_UQLJHB_3 LMER_UQLJHB_3 Bm nbtjhur`lj y slebrur`lj pjrj trjtjnlbmtfs tìrnlofs bm jtnfsdbrj  prftbotfrj. Bm hjafrjtfrlfs pjrj pjrj jphlojolfmbs bm orfnjtf`rjdîj, bspbotrfdftfnbtrîj, bto. _fhejeurj bm jtnfsdbrj eb `js lmbrtb.

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

 

1:

@jsbs ofnprlnlefs

 Elÿxlef eb ojrafmf

 Gbhlf

 Glerÿ`bmf

EB_OQL[OLßM3 Bs um `js lmofhfrf b lmfefrf, ofm sjafr hl`brjnbmtb plojmtb, bxlstb bm hj jtnfsdbrj bm ajcj ofmobmtrjolÿm bmtrb ;.;? y ;.;4% bm vfhunbm.

EB_OQL[OLßM3 Bs um `js slm ofhfr, fhfr ml sjafr. Bstj prbsbmtb bm bh jlrb bm nuy ajcj ofmobmtrjolÿm (2ppn). Bs 0 vbobs njs hlvljmf qub bh jlrb. Bs sunjnbmtb lmbrtb mf lmdhjnjahb y bh nbmfs sfhuahb bm hîqulefs eb tfefs hfs `jsbs.

EB_OQL[OLßM3 Bs bh `js njs hlvljmf ofmfolef. Lmofhfrf, lmfefrf b lmsîplef. Bs nuy lmdhjnjahb. Bs um rbeuotfr nuy pftbmtb qub tlbmb `rjm jdlmleje  pfr bh fxl`bmf y pfr tfefs hfs fxlejmtbs.

R_F_ LMER_UQLJHB_3 LMER_UQLJHB_3 Ojrafmjtjolÿm eb abalejs,  prftboolÿm eb vlmfs, obrvbzjs y  cu`fs eb drutjs eb hj fxlejolÿm pfr ofmtjotf ofm jlrb. Bnpjqub bm jtnfsdbrj nfeldlojej eb jhlnbmtfs. Bm orbjolÿm eb jtnfsdbrjs  prftbotfrjs. Bm ofm`bhjolÿm.

R_F_ LMER_UQLJHB LMER_UQLJHB_3 _3 Ofnf jtnfsdbrj lmbrtb eb  prftboolÿm bm sfhejeurj. Bs usjef bm orlf`bmlj bm jphlojolfmbs bspboljhbs eb rbdrl`brjolÿm y bmdrljnlbmtf eb bqulpfs lmeustrljhbs. Ujnalìm usjef ofnf `js eb jrrjstrb bm orfnjtf`rjdîj `jsbfsj.

R_F_ LMER_UQLJHB_3 Bm ofnaustlÿm, orjoibf eb glerfojraurfs. Bm jtnfsdbrjs rbeuotfrjs bm hj lmeustrlj nbtjhór`loj, quînloj y eb jhlnbmtfs .

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

11

@jsbs ofnprlnlefs

 

ßxlef mltrfsf

Fxî`bmf 

EB_OQL[OLßM3 Bs bh njyfr ofnpfmbmtb eb hj jtnfsdbrj. Bs lmofhfrf, lmfefrf y slm sjafr, mf tfxlof y ojsl tftjhnbmtb lmbrtb. Bs um `js mf lmdhjnjahb y slm prfplbejebs ofnaurbmtbs.

Bs umEB_OQL[OLßM3 `js lmofhfrf, lmfefrf y  prêotlojnbmtb slm sjafr. Mf bs tfxlof ml lmdhjnjahb. Ajcf ofmelolfmbs mfrnjhbs bs bstjahb y `bmbrjhnbmtb lmbrtb. Bs rbhjtlvjnbmtb sfhuahb bm j`uj, jhofgfh, jobltbs y bm vjrlfs  prfeuotfs jhlnbmtlolfs.

EB_OQL[OLßM3 Bs bh `js qub gjob pfslahb hj vlej y bs lmelspbmsjahb pjrj hj ofnaustlÿm. Ofmstltuyb njs eb um qulmtf eb hj jtnfsdbrj. Bs lmofhfrf, lmfefrf y mf tlbmb sjafr.

R_F_ LMER_UQLJHB_3 LMER_UQLJHB_3 Bnpjqubs eb jhlnbmtfs y nbelojnbmtfs. [ur`jef eb tuabrîjs bm slstbnjs eb rbdrl`brjolÿm. Lmglalefr eb orbolnlbmtf eb ajotbrljs jbrÿalojs. Qbnfolÿm eb

R_F_ LMER_UQLJHB_3 Bmvjsjef j prbslÿm eb prfeuotfs jhlnbmtlolfs. J`bmtb eb rbjoolÿm bm hj djarlojolÿm eb ofnpubstf fr`êmlofs b lmfr`êmlofs. Ofnf rbdrl`brjmtb bm dfrnj `jsbfsj f hlqulej. [jrj ofm`bhjolÿm pfr lmnbrslÿm eb prfeuotfs jhlnbmtlolfs.

R_F_ LMER_UQLJHB_3 [rfobsfs eb ofnaustlÿm. Bm sfhejeurj y ofrtbs eb nbtjhbs. [fr sus prfplbejebs fxlejmtbs, bs utlhlzjef bm elvbrsjs jphlojolfmbs bm slebrur`lj, lmeustrlj pjpbhbrj, bhbotrÿmloj, quînloj, bto.

 Mltrÿ`bmf

`jsbsj`ltjolÿm elsubhtfseb bm bstfs. hîqulefs y

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

 

1?

Qbolplbmtbs ofmtbmbefrbs eb `jsbs ofnprlnlefs Olhlmerfs eb jhtj prbslÿm

_fm bmvjsbs eb jobrf eb jhtj ojhleje, djarlojefs slm umlfmbs sfhejejs y trjtjefs tìrnlojnbmtb pjrj fptlnlzjr sus  prfplbejebs eb rbslstbmolj y bhjstloleje. _fm hhbmjefs j jhtj prbslÿm, ofnprlnlbmef bh `js bm bh rbeuolef bspjolf lmtbrlfr ebh olhlmerf. Hj dubrzj bcbrolej pfr bh `js sfarb hjs pjrbebs ebh rbolplbmtb jh trjtjr eb ofmsbrvjr su vfhunbm `bmbrjm hj prbslÿm.

Ubrnfs pfrtêtlhbs orlf`ìmlofs

_fm bmvjsbs pfrtêtlhbs pjrj hîqulefs orlf`ìmlofs, bstfs pubebm sbr eb usf lmeustrljh f eb hjafrjtfrlf. Djarlojefs eb efahb pjrbe ofm jlshjnlbmtf tìrnlof eb jhtf vjoîf. Bh rbolplbmtb lmtbrmf bs eb jobrf lmfxlejahb y bh bxtbrlfr pubeb sbr eb jobrf jh ojrafmf f jobrf lmfxlejahb. [fsbbm elspfsltlvfs qub njmtlbmbm hj  prbslÿm ebmtrf eb hfs hlnltbs eb sb`urleje,  puelbmef prfpfrolfmjr bh prfeuotf tjmtf bm hlqulef ofnf bm `jsbfsf

Ujmqubs orlf`ìmlofs

Oujmef hjs mbobslejebs hf custldlojm,  pubeb lmstjhjrsb lmst jhjrsb um tjmqub orlf`ìmlof qub  pubeb jhnjobmjr `rjmebs ojmtlejebs eb `js bm dfrnj hlqulej. Bstb ofmstj eb um rbolplbmtb lmtbrlfr eb jobrf lmfxlejahb  pjrj sfpfrtjr ajcjs tbnpbrjturj, y umf bxtbrlfr eb jobrf jh ojrafmf, jlshjefs bmtrb sl pfr umj ofnalmjolÿm eb jhtf vjoîf y njtbrljh jlshjmtb. Ulbmbm um slstbnj qub vjpfrlzj hlqulef pjrj junbmtjr hj prbslÿm oujmef ìstj ajcj, j nbelej qub sb ebsojr`j bh tjmqub orlf`ìmlof.

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"  

15

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

12

 

J`uj eb Bmdrljnlbmtf Bh j`uj ofnf sbrvlolf juxlhljr sb utlhlz utlhlzjj ofnf dhulef eb bmdrlj bmdrljnlbmtf nlbmtf pjrj bh ofmtrf ofmtrfhh eb hj tbnpbrjturj ebh ojhef eb hj dbrnbmtjolÿm bm hfs alfrrbjotfrbs. Bstj j`uj, j eldbrbmolj ebh j`uj eb prfobsf, mumoj bmtrj bm ofmtjotf ofm hjs njtbrljs prlnjs f prfeuotfs eb hj alfrrbjoolÿm, ml ofm hjs supbrdlolbs bm ofmtjotf ofm bstfs, slmf qub olrouhj jtrjvbz eb hjs ogjqubtjs f sbrpbmtlmbs sb`óm bh elsbújefr ebh alfrrbjotfr.

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

14

Dumolfmjnlbmtf ebh sunlmlstrf eb j`uj eb rbdrl`brjolÿm

 

Bh dumolfmjnlbmtf eb umj tfrrb eb rbdrl`brjolÿm sb ajsj bm hfs prlmolplfs eb hj rbdrl`brjolÿm bvjpfrjtlvj3 bvjpfrjtlvj3 •

•

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Hjs tfrrbs eb rbdrl`brjolÿm bmdrîjm bh j`uj ojhlbmtb puhvbrlzêmefhj bm dfrnj eb hhuvlj eb `ftjs qub ojbm bm um lmtbrojnaljefr (um ofmcumtf eb dlmjs hênlmjs eb [TO ofhfojejs eb dfrnj bspboîdloj) efmeb sb rbdrl`brjm pfr nbelf eb umj ofrrlbmtb eb jlrb, qub dhuyb bm sbmtlef ofmtrjrlf, ojybmef bh j`uj yj rbdrl`brjej j um ebpÿsltf qub hj rbof`b y qub, bm su ojsf sbrê elstrlaulej e lstrlaulej pfr um olroultf.

Bh jlrb bmtrj pfr hjs jabrturjs lmdbrlfrbs qub sb bmoubmtrjm pfr bmolnj ebh ebpÿsltf eb j`uj y jtrjvlbsj hj tfrrb eb jajcf j jrrlaj. Bstj bmtrjej eb jlrb pubeb prfeuolrsb eb dfrnj mjturjh bm hjs tfrrbs eb tlrf mjturjh f eb dfrnj dfrzjej j trjvìs eb vbmtlhjefrbs bstrjtì`lojnbmtb ofhfojefs, tjh y ofnf bxphlojrbnfs nês jebhjmtb oujmef gjahbnfs eb hfs tlpfs eb tfrrbs qub bxlstbm.

Hj trjmsdbrbmolj eb ojhfr sb prfeuob oujmef bh j`uj (j njyfr tbnpbrjturj) y bh jlrb (j nbmfr tbnpbrjturj) ofmdhuybm bm bh rbhhbmf eb hj tfrrb, bm bh qub tlbmb hu`jr bh lmtbrojnalf tìrnlof bmtrb hfs efs dhulefs. Bstb rbhhbmf tlbmb hj dlmjhleje eb junbmtjr hj supbrdlolb y bh tlbnpf eb ofmtjotf bmtrb bh jlrb y bh j`uj dfnbmtjmef hj bdlolbmolj ebh bmdrljef. Jh bvjpfrjrsb, bh j`uj tfnj bh ojhfr qub mbobsltj ebh rbstf ebh j`uj olrouhjmtb, bmdrlêmefhj.

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

10

 

J`uj eb Bmdrljnlbmtf Bm nuogfs prfobsfs tìomlofs sb prfeuob ojhfr mf ebsbjef, pfr bcbnphf3 obmtrfs eb njmbcf eb ejtfs

 Bstj bmbr`îj ebab sbr elslpjej pjrj prftb`br j hjs  pbrsfmjs y bh nbelf nbelf jnalbmtb. [jrj bstf sb utlhlzjm utlhlzjm  phjmtjs eb `bmbrjolÿm `bmbrjol ÿm eb bmbr`îj

slstbnjs eb rbdrl`brjolÿm y jlrbs jofmelolfmjefs

 phjmtjs eb bmdrljnlbmtf bmdrljn j trjvìs eb bvjp bvjpfrjolÿm, frjolÿm, f nbcfr ofmfolejs ofnflbmtf tfrrbs eb bmdrljnlbmtf lmeustrljh.

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

 

J`uj eb Bmdrljnlbmtf Bxlstbm eldbrbmtbs tlpfs eb tfrrbs eb bmdrljnlbmtf, ofm olroultfs jalbrtfs f obrrjefs, f ofm  prbojhbmtjnlbmtf  prbojhbmtjnlbm tf jeljaêtlof jeljaêtlof,, pfr mfnarjr jh`umjs. _lm hfs bnajr`f tfejs tfejs bm oofnóm fnóm bm prfobsf prfobsfs s ebtlbmbm bvjpfrjol bvjpfrjolÿm. ÿm. Bhbh usf usf ebh eb j`uj bstb hîqulef sb ebab j su jhtf pftbmoljh ojhÿrlof (5:70  c/i`*I) qub pbrnltb umj jhtj jasfrolÿm eb bmbr`îj ojhÿrloj eurjmtb eurjmtb su bv bvjpfrjolÿm. jpfrjolÿm. [fr bcbnphf, pjrj bvjpfrjr : i` eb j`uj sb rbqulbrb jprfxlnjejnbmtb 1,? NC eb bmbr`îj.

17

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

 

J`uj eb Bmdrljnlbmtf Ofnf bh sfhvbmtb pbrdbotf, bh j`uj ofmtlbmb sjhbs y sÿhlefs qub jh bvjpfrjrsb bh hîqulef qubejm ofnf rbnjmbmtb `bmbrjmef hf qub sb ofmfob ofnf nlorffr`jm eurbzj9 jebnês bh ouhtlvf  pjrj nlorffr`jmlsnfs lsnfseb ysbrjh`js qub  pubebm ofmvbrtlrsb bm um prfahbnj sjmltjrlf oujmef sb ebpfsltjm bm `rjmebs ojmtlejebs. Bs pfr bstf qub bh elsbúf eb umj tfrrb eb bmdrljnlbmtf ebab ofmslebrjr eldbrbmtbs djotfrbs qub  pbrnltjm um ofrrbotf usf eb sus ojpjolejebs eb rbdrl`brjolÿm.

1<

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

 

Ohjsldlojolÿm eb hjs tfrrbs eb bmdrljnlbmtf eb j`uj Ufrrbs eb bmdrljnlbmtf bm olrouhjolÿm mjturjh

Jtnfsdìrlojs3 Bh nfvlnlbmtf ebh jlrb ebpbmeb ebh vlbmtf y ebh bdbotf jsplrjmtb eb hjs afqulhhjs jspbrsfsjs. _b usjm bm pbqubújs lmstjhjolfmbs. lmstjhjolfmbs. Ebpbmeb eb hfs vlbmtfs prbefnlmjmtbs  pjrj bh nfvlnlbmtf nfvlnlbmtf ebh jlrb.

 Ulrf mjturjh3 Bh dhucf eb jlrb mbobsjrlf sb fatlbmb ofnf rbsuhtjef eb hj eldbrbmolj eb ebmslejebs, bmtrb bh jlrb nês drîf ebh bxtbrlfr y gónbef ebh lmtbrlfr eb hjjhturj tfrrb.pjrj Rtlhlzjm eb `rjm hf`rjroglnbmbjs bh tlrf ebsbjef.

?;

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

 

Ufrrbs eb bmdrljnlbmtf eb usf nboêmlof Bh j`uj ojhlbmtb qub hhb`j j hj tfrrb eb bmdrljnlbmtf pubeb elstrlaulrsb pfr afqulhhjs jspbrsfsjs f ofnpjrtlnlbmtfs qub ebcjm pjsjr gjolj jajcf bh dhucf eb j`uj j trjvìs eb umfs frldlolfs. Bh jlrb usjef pjrj bmdrljr bh j`uj ojhlbmtb bs bxtrjîef eb hj tfrrb, bm oujhqulbrj eb hjs efs dfrnjs d frnjs sl`ulbmtbs3

Ulrf Lmeuolef3 Bh jlrb sb suoolfmj j trjvìs eb hj tfrrb nbeljmtb um vbmtlhjefr vbmtlhjefr sltujef bm hj pjrtb supbrlfr eb hj tfrrb. _fm hjs nês utlhlzjejs. Ulrf dfrzjef3 Bh jlrb sb dubrzj pfr um vbmtlhjefr sltujef bm bh dfmef eb hj tfrrb y sb ebsojr`j pfr hj pjrtb supbrlfr. Bstjs tfrrbs bstêm sucbtjs pjrtlouhjrnbmtb j hj rbolrouhjolÿm ebh jlrb ojhlbmtb y gónbef qub bs ebsojr`jef, ebmtrf eb hj tfnj ebh vbmtlhjefr, ebalef j hj ajcj vbhfoleje eb ebsojr`j y qub njtbrljhnbmtb rbeuob hj bdbotlvleje eb hj tfrrb.

?:

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

?1

 

Bm bstb tlpf eb tfrrbs, bh jlrb sb suoolfmj nbeljmtb um vbmtlhjefr sltujef bm hj pjrtb

Bh jlrb bs dfrzjef pfr um vbmtlhjefr sltujef bm hj pjrtb lmdbrlfr eb hj tfrrb y sb ebsojr`j pfr hj pjrtb supbrlfr.

supbrlfr rbsuhtjm eb hj tfrrb. hjs nês qub utlhlzjejs  pfrqub nês_fm bdlolbmtbs ftrfs nfebhfs.

Bstb tlpf eb tfrrbs rbsuhtjm nbmfs bdlolbmtbs yj qub hj vbhfoleje eb ebsojr`j bs nbmfr.

Ufrrb eb bmdrljnlbmtf eb tlrf lmeuolef

Ufrrb eb tlrf dfrzjef

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

 

Ufrrbs eb bmdrljnlbmtf eb dhucf oruzjef

Hjs tfrrbs eb dhucf oruzjef rbqulbrbm nês jlrb y tlbmbm um ofstf eb fpbrjolÿm nês ajcf qub hjs tfrrbs j ofmtrjofrrlbmtb.

Bh jlrb bmtrj j hfs hjefs eb hj tfrrb dhuybmef gfrlzfmtjhnbmtb gfrlzfmtjhnbmtb j trjvìs ebh j`uj qub ojb. Hjs ofrrlbmtbs eb jlrb hjtbrjhbs sb umbm bm um pjsjcb lmtbrmf y ebcjm hj tfrrb pfr bh tfpb.

??

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

 

Abmbdlolfs

Nbmfs lnpjotf joóstlof

Ulbmbm nbmfr lnpjotf jnalbmtjh

Qbqulbrbm nbmfr lmvbrslÿm qub hjs ofmebmsjefrjs eb jlrb

Njyfr jgfrrf bmbr`ìtlof

?5

"Ofmstrulnfs bspjolfs hhbmfs eb vlej"

 

Tjpfr eb j`uj

Bh vjpfr eb j`uj bs umf eb hfs nbelfs eb trjmsnlslÿm eb bmbr`îj ojhÿrloj eb njyfr bdbotlvleje bm hj lmeustrljs, sb bstlnj qub bstb sbrvlolf bs utlhlzjef pfr bh