Diagnostico Situacional
July 7, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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HGEMDAPXG@A PGX^E@GADEC
GDPXGX^XGXA NPRN@GECG_EHA HN RVAINPGADECNP HN CE PEC^H GNRVANP ‐ PED PED PECYEHAV
HGEMDAPXG@A PGX^E@GADEC HN PNVYG@GA HN @ACARVA@XACAMGE W @GV^MGE AD@ACAMG@E. @NDXVA HNRVE@XG@E Kaspgtec De`gadec Vasecns
PNVYG@GA @acapra`tacamêe W @grumêe ad`acðmg`e
EPGMDEX^VE Ehjgdgstre`gðd y Mnrnd`ge hn cas Pnrvg`gas hn Ndinrjnrêe GG
Ncefareha par? E`aste Jechadeha, Nvncyd Pefgde
Ped Pecvehar, Nc Pecvehar,
GDXVAH^@@GÐD Nc hgemdastg`a sgtue`gadec ns ce ghndtgig`e`gðd, hns`rgp`gðd y edåcgsgs nvecuetgva hn ce sgtue`gðd e`tuec hn ce armedgze`gðd y ce `ajprndsgðd hn cas rnsuctehas< ce pcedgig`e`gðd nstretçmg`e das pnrjgtn gjpcnjndter e``gadns `arrnspadhgndtns e ce non`u`gðd ccnvedha e `efa ce iesn hgemdastg`e , `aja nc prgjnr pesa hnc pced nstretçmg`a hnc snrvg`ga nc `uec ns ÿtgc pere ghndtgig`er y prgargzer cas prafcnjes nxgstndtns nd ce gdstgtu`gðd y hn nste iarje `adtrgfugr e qun cas pe`gndtns rn`gfnd ude etnd`gðd hn `ecgheh y cgfrn hn rgnsmas . Nc prnsndtn hgemdastg`a tgndn `aja afontgva rnecgzer nc edåcgsgs hnc ejfgndtn hnc snrvg`ga, tajedha nd `undte cas prafcnjes ghndtgig`ehas qun hgig`ucted nc hnsnjpnõa hn ces e`tgvghehns hnc pnrsadec hn ndinrjnrêe. Ns par ncca qun rnecgzernjas ud hgemdðstg`a sgtue`gadec nd nc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e hnc Kaspgtec De`gadec Vasecns ghndtgig`edha ie`tarns prafcnjåtg`as nd nc `uec cn hernjas sacu`gadns e ces hnfgcghehns nd`adtrehes par jnhga hnc gdstrujndta hnc IAHE y Kedcad hntn`tehas nd cas prainsgadecns hn ndinrjnrêe, fesehas nd sus `ajpadndtns qun pnrjgtn `cesgig`er hn iarje arhndehe cas prafcnjes nd nc snrvg`ga, y sn ermujndtered knrrejgndtes qun cns eyuhnd e sacu`gader ces hgig`uctehns< esê jgsja sn herå ude jnoar etnd`gðd ec usuerga eyuhådhaca e ude pradte rn`upnre`gðd y sn padhrå nd prå`tg`e ce non`u`gðd hnc hnserracca hnc hgemdðstg`a sgtue`gadec y e sus prafcnjåtg`es hntn`tehes sn cns herå sacu`gadns.
AFONXGYAP
AFONXGYAP MNDNVEC ➦
Ncefarer ud hgemdðstg`a sgtue`gadec ghndtgig`edha prafcnjåtg`es, hnfgcghehns prnsndtns nd nc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e hnc Kaspgtec De`gadec Vasecns
AFONXGYAP NPRN@ÊIG@AP ➦
Ndcgster cas prafcnjes nd`adtrehas ke`gndha usa hnc jçtaha Kedcad
➦
Nstefcn`nr rn`ajndhe`gadns qun eyuhnd e iartecn`nr ces hnfgcghehns nd`adtrehes nd
nc snrvg`ga ➦ Hnteccer ce nstru`ture armedgze`gadec hnc snrvg`ga.
MNDNVECGHEHNP HNC PNVYG@GA. Nc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e iarje pertn hn ude hn ces
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prgd`gpecns nspn`gecghehns qun airn`n ai rn`n nc kaspgtec de`gadec Va Vasecns, secns, nc snrvg`ga `undte `ad 62 `ejes kaspgtecerges. Nc nqugpa juctghgs`gpcgderga hn secuh hnc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe
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ad`acðmg`e nstå nstru`tureha par? Ha`tar nd`ermeha hn snrvg`ga, Ndinrjnre onin, Mrupa hn ndinrjnres hn ces hginrndtns `etnmarêes (cg`nd`geture, tn`dðcama y tç`dg`as nd ndinrjnrêe), Mrupa hn ha`tarns hn cas hginrndtns mrehas (gdtnrdas, ha`tarns mndnrecns, jçhg`as rnsghndtns y hn steii) hnhg`ehas ec tretejgndta hn ces hginrndtns ndinrjnhehns.
JGPGAD Rravnnr snrvg`gas hn secuh nd jnhg`gde gdtnrde, `grumêe y sus nspn`gecghehns< `ad nig`gnd`ge, nig`e`ge, nin`tgvgheh, `ecgheh y `ecghnz< tedta nd njnrmnd`ges `aja nd kaspgtecgze`gðd y `adsucte nxtnrde, pere setgsie`nr dn`nsghehns nd secuh e ce pafce`gðd secveharnõe jeyar hn 56 eõas< y snr uda hn cas trns prgd`gpecns Kaspgtec Ns`unce hnc Reês
YGPGAD @adstgtugrsn nd ud kaspgtec qun setgsieme ce hnjedhe hn tnr`nr dgvnc hn etnd`gðd, nd ces nspn`gecghehns hn jnhg`gde y `grumêe, e ce pafce`gðd jeyar hn 56 eõas.
@ERE@GHEH GDPXECEHE? Nc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e tgndn `epe`gheh gdstecehe hn 62 `ejes `ndsefcn
@EVE@XNVÊPXG@EP EVU^GXN@XÐDG@EP? Nc snrvg`ga hn kaspgtecgze`gðd `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e nste `adstrugha< `ad pernhns, ces fesns hnc snrvg`ga hn fcaqun y `ad`rnta y ces hgvgsgadns hn cas `ufê`ucas `ad tefce ra`e e jnhge ecture, cåjperes hn gcujgde`gðd CNH, pgsa hn `nråjg`e, vndtedes sacerns nd cas `ufê`ucas, snrvg`gas cevefcns y hu`kes.
RCEDXE IÊPG@E? @undte `ad nste`gðd hn ndinrjnrêe, `uerta hn sçptg`as, fahnme, muerhe rape, `ufê`ucas hn etnd`gðd.
AVMEDG_E@GÐD HNC PNVYG@GA. Nstru`ture armådg`e ce armedgze`gðd iarjec pere nc camra hn cas afontgvas hnc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e epcg`e ud sgstnje hn armedgze`gðd cgdnec hnigdgha par dgvncns onrårqug`as y hn `ajudg`e`gðd rnmgha par darjes, rnmces y jeduecns. Jedtgndn rnce`gadns `ad tahes ces hnpndhnd`ges, pere `aarhgder ce prnste`gðd hn snrvg`gas.
AVMEDGMVEJE HNC PNVYG@GA Ns ce rnprnsndte`gðd mråig`e gdtnrde hnc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e, rnprnsndtedha cas dgvncns hn eutargheh y ces rnce`gadns `ad atres hnpndhnd`ges pere nc hnsnjpnõa hn ces iud`gadns .
Onie hn ndinrjnres `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e
Ndinrjnres kaspgtecerges Euxgcgerns hn ndinrjnrêe
Euxgcger hn snrvg`ga
DßJNVA HN RNVPADEC RAV @EXNMAVÊE W X^VDA. Nc hnpertejndta hn ndinrjnrêe nd nc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e tgndn ude hate`gðd hn rn`ursas hgstrgfughas nd rnce`gðd `ad nc pced jndsuec hn trefeoa nd oardehes qun meredtgzed cas `ughehas ces 68 kares, cas = hêes hn ce snjede y cas 09> hêes hnc eõa hntecceha nd cas sgmugndtns `uehras?
@etnmarêe hn pnrsadec Ndinrjnre onie Ndinrjnres kaspgtecerge Euxgcger hn ndinrjnrêe Euxgcger hn snrvg`ga @etnmarêe hn pnrsadec Onie hn ndinrjnrêe Ndinrjnre mndnrec Euxgcger hn ndinrjnrêe Euxgcger hn snrvg`ga
=?22 ej 0?22pj 5
Xatec 5 9 > 5
‐ =?22 ej ‐ >?22pj >?22pj 6
5 a 6
5
>?22 pj e =?22 ej
5 5
PGX^E@GÐD E@X^EC HNC PNVYG@GA @AD VNCE@GÐD E PG @^NDXE @AD? HGEMDAPXG@A PGX^E@GADEC, JED^ECNP, RVAMVEJEP HN XVEFEOA, GDPXV^@XGYAP, RNVIGC HN R^NPXAP.
Cas gdstrujndtas ehjgdgstretgvas `ad cas qun `undte ce onie hnc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e qun epayed e ce mnstgðd hnc `ugheha hn ndinrjnrêe. Jeduec hn armedgze`gðd y iud`gadns
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Rnrigc hnc punsta
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Rced hn nhu`e`gðd `adtgdue
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Rramreje hn gdhu``gðd
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Jeduec hn pra`nhgjgndtas
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Rced nhu`e`gðd e pe`gndtns
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Rrata`acas hn etnd`gðd
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PGPXNJE HN XVEFEOA NDINVJNVÊE Nd nc snrvg`ga hn jnhg`gde gdtnrde sn tgndn nstefcn`gha ud u d sgstnje hn trefeoa par iud`gadns ✐
Onin hn snrvg`ga? nd`ermehe hn ce ehjgdgstre`gðd y `aarhgde`gðd hnc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e.
✐
Ndinrjnres Kaspgtecerges? nd`ermehe hn ce rnecgze`gðd pra`nhgjgndtas, esgstnd`ge e pra`nhgjgndtas, rnvgsgðd hn nxpnhgndtns, `ughehas kgmgçdg`as, ehjgdgstre`gðd hn jnhg`ejndtas perndtnrecns. Nd `esa hn qun onin da nste qunhe hn nd`ermehe hnc snrvg`ga.
✐
Euxgcger hn ndinrjnrêe? rnecgzer `ughehas kgmgçdg`as, errnmca hn `eje, `ujpcgjgndta hn jnhg`ejndta arec, ecgjndte`gðd esgstghe, tresceha hn pe`gndtns.
✐
Euxgcger hn snrvg`ga? esgmde`gðd hn cevedhnrêe hn ce rape hn ce udgheh.
JN@EDGPJAP HN GDH^@@GÐD EC R^NPXA Ns nsnd`gec pere pnrsadec dunva hnc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e pesnd par ud pnrgaha hn argndte`gðd, gdhnpndhgndtnjndtn hnc punsta e a`uper Ns dn`nserga qun `adaz`ed nc jnhga iêsg`a y sa`gec nd nc qun cefareråd. Nc snrvg`ga `undte `ad ud pramreje hn gdhu``gðd e`tuecgzeha, pere nc qun nc pnrsadec hn dunva gdmrnsa, ie`gcgtedha ce ehepte`gðd ec punsta.
GDHG@EHAVNP HN EXND@GÐD HN NDINVJNVÊE Rere pahnr non`uter nc pra`nsa ehjgdgstretgva ehn`uehejndtn ns gjpnretgva `ada`nr cas gdhg`eharns hn etnd`gðd hn ndinrjnrêe cas `uecns das pnrjgtnd nstgjer nc tgnjpa qun nc pnrsadec dn`nsgte pere pahnr frgdher ud `ugheha gdtnmrec y `ad `ecgheh, hnpndhgndha hn ce `ajpcnogheh hnc pe`gndtn. Nstas gdhg`eharns sn nd`undtred hgvghghas hn e`unrha `ad ce nspn`gecgheh qun `ehe snrvg`ga etgndhn. Pnrvg`ga @grumêe Jnhg`gde gdtnrde Rnhgetrêe Xnrepge gdtndsgve
Êdhg`n hn etnd`gðd 0 kares 0 kares 8 kares ; kares
HAXE@GÐD HN VN@^VPAP HN NDINVJNVÊE Rere pahnr rnecgzer nc `åc`uca safrn `uedta pnrsadec hnfn hn kefnr nd nc snrvg`ga pere pahnr sacvndter ce hnjedhe hn etnd`gðd hn `ehe pe`gndtn sn tgndn ce sgmugndtn iðrjuce? 09> hges hnc eõa x gdhg`n hn etnd`gad x D² hn `ejes
kares cefarecns hnc eõa
Pn sustgtuynd cas hetas?
09> hges hnc eõa x 0 gdhg`n hn etnd`gad x 62 dunjnra hn `ejes 6268 kare cefar cefarecns ecns hnc eõa
65722 6268
: 52.; 6 (55 rn`ursas). Xndgndha nd `undte ca edtnrgar snmÿd ce iðrjuce pere ce hate`gðd hn rn`ursas pere nc snrvg`ga `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e.
PGPXNJE HN HAXE@GÐD HN JEXNVGEC, NU^GRA W JNHG@EJNDXA. Nc sgstnje hn hate`gðd sn prapar`gade par jnhga hn hnpertejndta hn sujgdgstras fåsg`as y ecje`çd. ecje`çd.
Ce sacg`gtuh hn cas gdsujas nd ecje`çd pere nc årne sn rnecgze jndsuecjndtn, tajedha nd `undte nc `adsuja jndsuec edtnrgar. Ce rnqugsg`gðd hn nqugpas sn rnecgze ec årne hn ecje`çd `ad oustgig`e`gðd hn e`unrha `ad ce dn`nsgheh hnc årne y ce `epe`gheh hn pe`gndtns. Ersndec ns nc nd`ermeha hn prapar`gader prap ar`gader nc jetnrgec nstçrgc, jnhgedtn ude cgste hn cas gdsujas qun snråd utgcgzehas huredtn nc turda nd cas hginrndtns pra`nhgjgndtas.
PGPXNJE HN HAXE@GÐD HN JNHG@EJNDXA.
Cas jnhg`ejndtas sn sujgdgstred hgergejndtn snmÿd ce petacamêe hn ce usuerge y nc tgpa hn nspn`gecgze`gðd hnc snrvg`ga< nc sgstnje pere hate`gðd hn jnhg`ejndtas hnc årne ns par udghasgs pere `ehe pe`gndtn nd 68 kares, ehnjås sn `undte `ad `erra hn pera `erhgarnspgretarga. Ierje`ge ns ce nd`ermehe hn rntgrer rn`ntes jçhg`es snmÿd dÿjnra hn pe`gndtns y efestn`n ec snrvg`ga `ad cas jnhg`ejndtas tecns `aja. Edtgfgðtg`as
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Edecmçsg`as
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Nstnraghns
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Edtgkgpnrtndsgvas.
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Ndtra atras.
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NPXEHÊPXG@EP HNC PNVYG@GA
Nstehêstg`es snrvg`ga Rar`ndteon hnhnc a`upe`gðd Rrajnhga hgerga hn pe`gndtns Rrajnhga hêe hn nsted`ge Jarfgcgheh Jartecgheh.
Pnptgnjfrn 6265 522% 62 8 hges ; 5
HNP@VGR@GÐD HN RVAMVEJEP HNC PNVYG@GA. ➦ pramreje hn prnvnd`gðd y `adtrac hn gdin``gadns ➦ pramreje
hn jedtndgjgndta y hn jednoa snmura hn cas nqugpas.
➦ pramreje
hn Etnd`gðd hnc Re`gndtn `ad yaha.
➦
Rramreje hn nhu`e`gðd `adtgdue.
HGPNÕA JNXAHACÐMG@A. Nc hgsnõa jntahacðmg`a ns ce hns`rgp`gðd hnteccehe y prn`gse hn ces nstretnmges y pra`nhgjgndtas hn `ðja sn ve e rnecgzer ce gdvnstgme`gðd. Cas ncnjndtas qun hnfnd gd`cugrsn nd nc hgsnõa jntahacðmg`a hnfnd nster rnce`gadehas hn iarje cðmg`e, `admrundtns, prnsndtehas y arhndehas hn jednre `aknrndtn y snd`gcce. (Vases, 625>, påm. 5). Nc hgsnõa jntahacðmg`a pnrjgtgrå hnteccer ce hns`rgp`gðd hnc hgemdðstg`a sgtue`gadec ndia`eha nd nc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e hnc Kaspgtec De`gadec Vasecns.
NDIAU^N @^EDXGXEXGYA. Rarqun nxpcg`e y prnhg`n y/a `adtrace indðjndas e trevçs hn ud ndiaqun hn aftnd`gðd hn hetas dujçrg`as. Nc ndiaqun `uedtgtetgva snmÿd (@es`edt, 6256, påm. =) sn fese nd nc usa hn tç`dg`es nstehêstg`es pere `ada`nr `gnrtas espn`tas hn gdtnrçs safrn ce pafce`gðd qun sn nstå nstuhgedha, sn utgcgze nd hginrndtns åjfgtas, hnshn nstuhgas hn apgdgðd keste hgemdðstg`as pere nstefcn`nr pacêtg`es hn hnserracca. Hns`edse Hns`edse nd nc prgd`gpga hn qun ces pertns rnprnsndted ec taha< nstuhgedha ke `gnrta dÿjnra hn suontas hn ce pafce`gðd.
XGRA HN NPX^HGA. Hns`rgptgva, parqun nxpcg`ere kn`kas `uedtgtetgvas, etrgfugfcns jnhgedtn ce afsnrve`gðd hnteccehe hnc jgsja. Nc nstuhga hns`rgptgva snmÿd (Emugrrn, 625=, påm. 7) fus`e nspn`gig`er ces `ere`tnrêstg`es jås gjpartedtns hnc indðjnda sajntgha e nstuhga e trevçs hn ce sncn``gðd hn ude snrgn hn vergefcns qun sn jghnd e `ehe ude gdhnpndhgndtnjndtn pere hns`rgfgr ca qun sn gdvnstgme< e su vnz ns tejfgçd `ada`ghe `aja gdvnstgme`gðd nstehêstg`e parqun hntecce `gires a `edtghehns hn ce pafce`gðd.
ÅVNE HN NPX^HGA. Pn rnecgza nc hgemdastg`a sgtue`gadec nd nc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e nd nc Kaspgtec De`gadec Vasecns.
JÇXAHAP, XÇ@DG@EP N GDPXV^JNDXAP. Rere ce rn`acn``gðd hn hetas sn utgcgzerad cas sgmugndtns gdstrujndtas? E trevçs hn ude muêe hn afsnrve`gðd hn gdirenstru`ture y jçtahas hn trefeoa, `unstgaderga hgrgmgha e nc pnrsadec sn rn`acn`ta gdiarje`gðd pere her pesa e ce ncefare`gðd hnc IAHE y Jçtaha Kedcad. Epcg`edha ce tç`dg`e IAHE sn rn`acn`ta gdiarje`gðd hnteccehe hn ces iartecnzes, apartudghehns, hnfgcghehns y ejndezes qun pasnn nc snrvg`ga hn jnhg`gde. Oasç Cugs Vejêrnz Vaoes hnigdn ce jetrgz IAHE `aja (Vaoes, 6227, p. >>) ns ude knrrejgndte qun pasgfgcgte `ada`nr y nvecuer ces `adhg`gadns hn apnre`gðd rnecns hn ude armedgze`gðd, e pertgr hnc edåcgsgs hn nses `uetra vergefcns prgd`gpecns, `ad nc igd hn prapadnr e``gadns y nstretnmges pere su fndnig`ga. Yergefcns gdtnrdes hnc edåcgsgs IAHE? e) Iartecnze. Ns ecma nd ca qun ce armedgze`gðd ns `ajpntndtn, sn trehu`n nd equnccas ncnjndtas a ie`tarns qun nstedha feoa su `adtrac, jedtgndn ud ecta dgvnc hn hnsnjpnõa, mndnredha vndteoes a fndnig`gas prnsndtns y `ceras, `ad pasgfgcghehns etre`tgves nd nc iutura. f) Hnfgcgheh. Pgmdgig`e ude hnig`gnd`ge a `ernd`ge, ecma nd ca qun ce armedgze`gðd tgndn feoas dgvncns hn hnsnjpnõa y par tedta ns vucdnrefcn, hndate ude hnsvndteoe edtn ce `ajpntnd`ge, `ad pasgfgcghehns pnsgjgstes a pa`a etre`tgves pere nc iutura. Ces apartudghehns y ejndezes
sad vergefcns nxtnrdes qun `adstgtuynd cas cêjgtns hntnrjgdehas par nc sn`tar prahu`tgva e qun pnrtndn`n ude ndtgheh, y nc ndtarda mndnrec qun hnigdn nc ejfgndtn `ajpntgtgva. `) Apartudghehns. Pad equncces `gr`udsted`ges hnc ndtarda qun sad patnd`gecjndtn ievarefcns pere ce armedgze`gðd y punhnd snr `ejfgas a tndhnd`ges qun sn hntn`ted y qun >0 punhnd snr utgcgzehas. h) Ejndezes. Pad ie`tarns hnc ndtarda qun rnsucted nd `gr`udsted`ges ehvnrses qun padnd nd rgnsma nc ec`edzer cas afontgvas nstefcn`ghas, punhnd snr `ejfgas a tndhnd`ges qun sn prnsndted rnpndtgdejndtn a hn jednre peucetgde, ces `uecns `rned ude `adhg`gðd hn gd`nrtghujfrn n gdnstefgcgheh. Pn utgcgzð nc jçtaha Kedcad, knrrejgndte jntahacðmg`e pere prgargzer dn`nsghehns y prafcnjes nd`adtrehas nd nc snrvg`ga hn jnhg`gde. Içcgx J. y Jeure @. nstefcn`gnrad qun nc jçtaha Kedcad sn `ndtre nd (Jarecns Madzecns y @efrnre Ogjçdnz, 625;, p. 80) ce prgargze`gðd hn prafcnjes hn secuh hn e`unrha e su jemdgtuh, tres`ndhnd`ge a snvnrgheh, Nig`e`ge hn ce gdtnrvnd`gðd y par ce ie`tgfgcgheh hnc prafcnje. Kedcad nstefcn`n `uetra `ajpadndtns nd su jçtaha, cas `uecns rn`gfnd ude padhnre`gðd, sus `ajpadndtns sad cas sgmugndtns? Rudtue`gðd hn prgargheh? E+F (@ x H)
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@ajpadndtn E? Jemdgtuh hnc prafcnje.
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@ajpadndtn F? Pnvnrgheh hnc prafcnje.
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@ajpadndtn @? Nig`e`ge hn ce sacu`gðd.
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@ajpadndtn H? Ie`tgfgcgheh hnc prafcnje.
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RVA@NPEJGNDXA N GDXNVRVNXE@GÐD HN CAP HEXAP. Iundtn? Gdstrujndta hn rn`acn``gðd hn hetas pere ce ncefare`gðd hnc hgemdðstg`a sgtue`gadec. 5. ±Nxgstnd prata`acas hn etnd`gðd hn ndinrjnhehns1
ectnrdetgve PG DA XAXEC
irn`und`ge ; 6 52
par`ndteon % ;2% 62% 522%
Rrata`acas Rrata`a cas hn etnd`gad hn ndinrjn ndinrjnhehns hehns
62%
PG DA
;2%
Edåcgsgs mråig`a D² 5. Nc mreig`a edtnrgar das junstre qun nc ;2% hnc pnrsadec `adsghnre qun sg nxgstnd prata`acas hn etnd`gðd hn etnd`gðd hn ndinrjnhehns y qun cas gjpcnjndted huredtn ce etnd`gðd qun sn cn frgdhe ec pe`gndtn y nc 62% jedgignste qun da key prata`acas hn etnd`gðd hndtra hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e.
6. ±@undte nc snrvg`ga `ad jetnrgecns y nqugpas pere nin`tuer tahas cas pra`nhgjgndtas qun sn rnecgzed nd nc snrvg`ga hn @grumêe ad`acðmg`e y @acapra`tacamêe1 ectnrdetgve PG DA XAXEC
irn`und`ge 5 7 52
par`ndteon % 52% 72% 522%
Jetnrgec y nqugpa dn`nserga.
52% PG DA
72%
Edåcgsgs mreig`a D² 6. Nc 52% hnc pnrsadec jedginstð qun sg sn `undte `ad jetnrgec y nqugpa dn`nserga pere nin`tuer cas hginrndtns pra`nhgjgndtas hndtra hnc snrvg`ga hn jnhg`gde y nc 72% `adsghnre qun da `undted `ad nc nqugpa dn`nserga pere rnecgzer cas pra`nhgjgndtas qun nd nc snrvg`ga sn rnecgzed.
0. ±Nc jetnrgec y nqugpa `ad qun sn `undte nstå nd fundes `adhg`gadns1
ectnrdetgve PG DA XAXEC
6Irn`und`ge ; 52
par`ndteon % 62 % ;2 % 522 %
Jetnrgec y nqugpa nd aptgjes `adhg`gadns.
62% PG DA
;2%
Edåcgsgs mreig`a D² 0. Nc mreig`a edtnrgar junstre qun nc 62 % hnc pnrsadec apgde qun `undte `ad jetnrgec y nqugpa nd ðptgjes `adhg`gadns y nc ;2 % apgde ca `adtrerga ye qun `adsghnre qun nc nqugpa y jetnrgec `ad nc qun `undted `und ted da nstå nd ðptgjes `adhg`gadns pere ce utgcgze`gðd hn cas jgsjas.
8. ±Nxgstn jednoa ehn`ueha hn jnhghes hn fgasnmurgheh1 ectnrdetgve
Irn`und`ge
par`ndteon %
PG
=
=2%
DA XAXEC
0 52
02% 522%
jednoa hn jnhghges hn fgasnmurgheh.
DA 02%
PG DA
PG =2%
Edåcgsgs mreig`a D² 8. Nc =2 % hnc pnrsadec nxprnse qun sg key ud jednoa ehn`ueha hn jnhghes hn fgasnmurgheh hndtra hnc snrvg`ga y ud 02 % `adsghnre qun da sn gjpcnjndted jnhghes ehn`uehes hn fgasnmurgheh nd nc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe.
>. ±Camre nc pnrsadec `ujpcgr `ad ces esgmde`gadns pcedgig`ehes1 ectnrdetgve irn`und`ge
par`ndteon %
Pg Da Xatec
522 % 2% 522%
522 % 2 52
@ujpcgjgndta hn esgmde`gadns pcedgig`ehes.
PG
02%
=2%
Edåcgsgs mreig`a D² >. Nc =2 % hnc pnrsadec nstå hn e`unrha nd qun rnecgzed `ad pradtgtuh tahes ces esgmde`gadns pcedgig`ehes pere ce oardehe cefarec, pnra jedgignsted qun key safrn `erme hn trefeoa hnfgha e ce hnjedhe hn pe`gndtns y ec gdsuig`gndtn rn`ursa cefaredha nd hg`ke årne jgndtres qun nc 02% hnc pnrsadec `adsghnre `ads ghnre qun da sn `ujpcn `ad ces esgmde`gadns esgmdehes.
9. ±Pn nin`tÿe nc ceveha hn jedas epcg`edha cas > jajndtas hnc ceveha hn jedas1 ectnrdetgve Pg Da Xatec
irn`und`ge 52 2 52
par`ndteon % 522 % 2 522%
Ceveha hn jedas.
2%
PG DA
522%
Edåcgsgs mreig`a D² 9. Nc 522 % hnc pnrsadec rnspadhgð qun sg sn nin`tÿe nc ceveha hn jedas hn e`unrha `ad cas > jajndtas y hnfgha ec ecze hnc @AYGH 57 nc ceveha hn jedas ns jes irn`undtn `uedha ved e rnecgzer ces hginrndtns e`tgvghehns.
=. ±@undte nc snrvg`ga `ad hate`gðd hn pnrsadec hn e`unrha `ad ce hnjedhe hnc snrvg`ga1
ectnrdetgve Pg Da Xatec
irn`und`ge 6 ; 52
par`ndteon % 6 2% ;2 522%
Hate`gad hn pnrsadec hn e`unrha e ce hnjedhe hn pe`gndtns.
PG 62%
DA PG
DA ;2%
Edåcgsgs mreig`a D² =. Nc ;2 % hnc pnrsadec `adsghnre qun ce hate`gðd hn pnrsadec da ns prapar`gadec e ce hnjedhe hn pe`gndtns etndhghas par hêe nd nc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e y nc 62 % `adsghnre qun ce hate`gðd hn rn`ursa ns ce ehn`uehe pere nc snrvg`ga.
;. ±`adsghnre qun ce ufg`e`gðd hnc kaspgtec ns e``nsgfcn1 XEFCE ;
ectnrdetgve
irn`und`ge
par`ndteon %
sg da tatec
> > 52
> 2% >% 522%
E@@NPGFGCGHEH EC KAPRGX KAPRGXEC EC PG
>2%< >2%
DA
>2%< >2%
Edåcgsgs mreig`a D²;. Nc >2 % `adsghnre qun ce ufg`e`gðd hnc kaspgtec ns e``nsgfcn y nc atra >2 % `adsghnre qun da `undte `ad ude ufg`e`gðd e``nsgfcn
7. ±@ujpcnd `ad e``gadns nstretçmg`es pere ce prnvnd`gðd hn gdin``gadns hn knrghes apnretarges1
ectnrdetgve
irn`und`ge
par`ndteon %
Pg
;2
;2%
Da
6
62 %
tatec
52
522%
E@@GADNP NPXVEXNMG@EP REVE CE RVNYND@GAD HN GDIN@@GADNP PG
62%< 62%
;2%< ;2%
Edåcgsgs mreig`a D² 7. Nc ;2 % hnc pnrsadec jedgignste qun sg `ujpcns `ad e``gadns nstretçmg`es pere ce prnvnd`gðd hn gdin``gadns hn knrghes apnretarges jgndtres qun nc 62% `adsghnre qun da sn rnecgze e``gadns pere prnvndgr ces gdin``gadns nd nc årne.
52. ±Nc pnrsadec hn ndinrjnrêe nstå nd `adstedtns `epe`gte`gadns pere frgdher ude etnd`gðd hn `ecgheh1
ectnrdetgve
irn`und`ge
par`ndteon %
Pg
;
;2%
Da
6
62 %
tatec
52
522%
@epe`gte`gadns pere pere frgdher ude etnd`gðd hn `ecgheh.
62%< 62%
PG DA
;2%< ;2%
Edåcgsgs mreig`a D² 52. Nc ;2 % `adsghnre qun rn`gfn `epe`gte`gadns `adstedtnjndtn qun cn pnrjgtnd frgdher ude etnd`gðd hn `ecgheh y nc 62 % apgde qun da rn`gfn `epe`gte`gadns e jnduha.
JÇXAHA KEDCAD Nc jçtaha Kedcad ns ud gdstrujndta qun pnrjgtn `cesgig`er cas prafcnjes y cas rn`ursas `ad cas qun `undte nc Kaspgtec De`gadec Vasecns, ke`gndha çdiesgs nd ces prafcnjåtg`es nd`adtrehes nd nc edåcgsgs IAHE, `ad fesn e ce jemdgtuh hnc prafcnje, snvnrgheh, nig`e`ge hn ce sacu`gðd y ie`tgfgcgheh hn ce gdtnrvnd`gðd.
Cgste hn prafcnjes qun prnsndte nc Kaspgtec? RVAFCNJEP (HNFGCGHEHNP) Gdirenstru`ture afsacnte y nd jec nsteha. •
Hnig`gnd`ge nd dÿjnra hn pnrsadec nd jÿctgpcns årnes.
•
Da `adter `ad sgstnje gdiarjåtg`a ÿdg`a pere ce etnd`gðd e tnd`gðd hn pe`gndtns.
•
•
Ce ufg`e`gðd mnamråig`e hnc kaspgtec.
Yêes hn e``nsa hntnrgarehes
•
RVAFCNJEP (EJNDE_EP) Nc årne mnamråig`e hadhn nstå ufg`eha nc kaspgtec ns sus`nptgfcn e hnsestrns
•
deturecns
prnsupunsta gdsuig`gndtn pere ce hnjedhe hn h n etnd`gðd hn cas usuergas.
•
@ajpadndtn E? jemdgtuh hnc prafcnje • Hn e`unrha `ad nc
dÿjnra hn pnrsades ein`tehes ei n`tehes par nc prafcnje, nd rnce`gðd e ce pafce`gðd
tatec (eheptefcn ec tejeõa hnc tnrrgtarga qun sn nstuhge). 52 • Yecareha hn 5 ‐ 52
RVAFCNJEP
E JEMDGX^H
Gdirenstru`ture afsacnte y nd jec nsteha.
7
Hnig`gnd`ge nd dÿjnra hn pnrsadec nd jÿctgpcns årnes.
7
•
•
Da `adter `ad sgstnje gdiarjåtg`a ÿdg`a pere ce etnd`gðd hn >
•
pe`gndtns.
Ce ufg`e`gðd mnamråig`e hnc kaspgtec.
•
>
;
Yêes hn e``nsa hntnrgarehes
•
Pnrvg`gas fåsg`as hnig`gndtns, `ad çdiesgs nd nc efestn`gjgndta hnc ;
•
emue patefcn.
prnsupunsta gdsuig`gndtn pere ce hnjedhe hn etnd`gðd hn cas ;
•
usuergas.
@ajpadndtn F? snvnrgheh hnc prafcnje @ad hetas afontgvas? gdhg`eharns hn secuh `aja? teses hn jartecgheh, jarfgcgheh, hn
•
gd`epe`gheh y `astas esa`gehas ec prafcnje. @ehe ie`tar sn vecare hnc 5 ec 52 hnpndhgndha hn ce snvnrgheh hnc prafcnje F RVAFCNJEP afsacnte y nd jec nsteha. Gdirenstru`ture •
Hnig`gnd`ge nd dÿjnra hn pnrsadec nd jÿctgpcns årnes.
•
;PNYNVGHEH 7
Da `adter `ad sgstnje gdiarjåtg`a ÿdg`a pere ce etnd`gðd hn >
•
pe`gndtns.
Ce ufg`e`gðd mnamråig`e hnc kaspgtec.
•
Yêes hn e``nsa hntnrgarehes
•
8 9
Nc årne mnamråig`e hadhn nstå ufg`eha nc kaspgtec ns sus`nptgfcn ;
•
e hnsestrns deturecns
•
prnsupunsta usuergas. gdsuig`gndtn pere ce hnjedhe hn etnd`gðd hn cas =
@ajpadndtn @? nig`e`ge hn ce sacu`gðd Cas peråjntras qun sn tajed nd `undte sad cas rn`ursas y ce tn`dacamêe e`tuec< atarmedha ude ns`ece hn 2.> e cas prafcnjes hgiê`gcns hn sacu`gader y 5.> e cas qun tgndnd ude pasgfcn sacu`gðd. RVAFCNJEP Gdirenstru`ture afsacnte y nd jec nsteha. •
Hnig`gnd`ge nd dÿjnra hn pnrsadec nd jÿctgpcns årnes.
•
@ NIG@E@GE 2.> 2.>
Da `adter `ad sgstnje gdiarjåtg`a ÿdg`a pere ce etnd`gðd hn 2.>
•
pe`gndtns.
Ce ufg`e`gðd mnamråig`e hnc kaspgtec.
•
Yêes hn e``nsa hntnrgarehes
•
5.> 5.>
Nc årne mnamråig`e hadhn nstå ufg`eha nc kaspgtec ns sus`nptgfcn e 5.>
•
hnsestrns deturecns
prnsupunsta gdsuig`gndtn pere ce hnjedhe hn etnd`gðd hn cas usuergas. 5.>
•
@ajpadndtn H? ie`tgfgcgheh hnc prafcnje a hn ce gdtnrvnd`gðd Nstn `ajpadndtn hntnrjgde sg gjpghn a pnrjgtn ce rnecgze`gðd hnc pramreje a hn ce gdtnrvnd`gðd, `uedha sn rnspadhn `ad ud sê nc vecar ns hn5 pudta y hn 2 pudtas `uedha ce rnspunste ns da Mrupa hn ie`tarns qun hntnrjgded sg ud pramreje punhn snr epcg`eha y qun rnsujn nd ces sgmces RNEVC? R: pnrtgdnd`ge N: ie`tgfgcgheh n`adðjg`e E: e`nptefgcgheh.
V: hgspadgfgcgheh hn rn`ursas C: cnmecgheh RVAFCNJEP Gdirenstru`ture afsacnte y nd jec nsteha.
H IE@XGFGCGHEH 2
Hnig`gnd`ge nd dÿjnra hn pnrsadec nd jÿctgpcns årnes.
2
•
•
Da `adter `ad sgstnje gdiarjåtg`a ÿdg`a pere ce etnd`gðd hn 2
•
pe`gndtns.
Ce ufg`e`gðd mnamråig`e hnc kaspgtec.
5
•
5 Yêes hn e``nsa hntnrgarehes prnsupunsta gdsuig`gndtn pere ce hnjedhe hn etnd`gðd hn cas 5
•
•
usuergas.
Vnsuctehas Epcg`e`gðd hn ce iðrjuce E+F (@ x H) Nd nc sgmugndtn `uehra sn hns`rgfn nc jçtaha Kedcad `ad cas rnsuctehas? ➦
Radhnre`gðd hn `ehe prafcnje
➦
@ecgig`e`gðd hn `ehe uda hn cas `ajpadndtns hn ce iarjuce.
➦
Rrafcnjes `ad ie`tgfgcgheh hn sacu`gðd
RVAFCNJEP Jemdgtuh Pnvnrgheh Nig`e`ge Ie`tgfgcgheh Xatec. ; 2.> 2 2 Gdirenstru`ture afsacnte 7 y nd jec nsteha.
•
Hnig`gnd`ge nd dÿjnra 7
•
hn pnrsadec nd jÿctgpcns årnes. Da `adter `ad sgstnje > gdiarjåtg`a ÿdg`a pere ce
•
etnd`gðd hn pe`gndtns.
7
2.>
2
2
>
2.>
2
2
Ce ufg`e`gðd mnamråig`e >
8
5.>
5
50.>
•
Yêes
9
5.>
5
65
•
>
5.>
5
57.>
•
hnc kaspgtec.
hn e``nsa ; hntnrgarehes prnsupunsta gdsuig`gndtn ; pere ce hnjedhe hn etnd`gðd hn cas usuergas.
EDÅCGPGP N GDXNVRVNXE@GÐD HN CE GDIAVJE@GÐD . RVGAVG_E@GAD HN RVAFCNJEP ERCG@EDHA NC JNXAHA KEJCAD RVAFCNJEP
R^DXEON
E. Yêes hn e``nsa hntnrgarehes
65
F. prnsupunsta gdsuig`gndtn pere ce hnjedhe hn etnd`gðd hn cas usuergas
57.>
@. Ce ufg`e`gðd mnamråig`e hnc kaspgtec.
50.>
H. Gdirenstru`ture afsacnte y nd jec nsteha.
2
N. Hnig`gnd`ge nd dÿjnra hn pnrsadec nd jÿctgpcns årnes.
2
Edåcgsgs hn prafcnjes. Ec epcg`er nc jçtaha Kedcad sn aftuva `aja rnsucteha ude padhnre`gðd hn 65 e 50.> pere cas prafcnjes pcedtnehas, prgargzedha esê nc prafcnje (E) `ad jeyar pudteon? Yêes hn e``nsa hntnrgarehes, par tedta, ns hgiê`gc ye qun ns uda hn cas snrvg`gas fåsg`as gdhgspndsefcns `ad cas qun tahe gdstgtu`gðd hnfn hn `adter. (@) `ad ud dÿjnra hn pudtue`gðd hn 50.> nd cas `uecns sn pcesje prafcnje rninrndtn ec årne mnamråig`e hadhn nstå ufg`eha nc kaspgtec ns sus`nptgfcn e hnsestrns heha e ces `adhg`gadns hn tnrrnda qun nxgstnd nd ce zade, nsta punhn hgig`ucter nc e``nsa e ce pafce`gðd.
Nd cas êtnjs? F) Pn pcedtne nc prafcnje safrn? prnsupunsta prnsup unsta gdsuig`gndtn pere ce hnjedhe hn etnd`gðd hn cas usuergas., ca qun mndnre qun nc kaspgtec da `undtn `ad jetnrgecns y nqugpas dn`nsergas pere frgdher ce etnd`gðd ec usuerga. H) Gdirenstru`ture hnc kaspgtec nd jec nsteha, `ad heõas y hntnrgarehe, ce `uec punhn rnprnsndter ud rgnsma pere nc pnrsadec a usuergas qun ke`nd usa hn ces gdstece`gadns. N) pcedtne prafcnjes rnce`gadehas `ad ce iecte hn rn`ursa juctghgs`gpcgderga nd ces hginrndtns årnes hnc kaspgtec pere frgdher ude etnd`gðd apartude e ces dn`nsghehns hn cas usuergas. Ce prgargze`gðd hn prafcnjes nd`adtrehas sn pcesje e `adtgdue`gðd nd ud mråig`a `gr`ucer, fesehe nd ce pudtue`gðd aftndghe epcg`edha nc jçtaha Kedcad
Rrgargze`gad hn prafcnjes.
E
2% 6>% 07%
F @ H
09%
N
EDÅCGPGP MNDNVEC HN CE GDIAVJE@GÐD. Nd cas hetas edtnrgarns sn junstre qun ud par`ndteon ecta hnc pnrsadec qun cefare nd nc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e
hnc Kaspgtec De`gadec Vasecns
`adsghnre qun nc snrvg`ga sg ns ehn`ueha y qun `undte `ad taha ca dn`nserga pere frgdher ce jnoar etnd`gðd hn `ecgheh ec usuerga, sgd njferma key pnrsadec qun nstå nd hns`adtndta y `adsghnred qun key safrn `erme cefarec cefar ec par nc pa`a rn`ursa pere ce hnjedhe hn pe`gndtns qun nd nc snrvg`ga sn prnsndted, pnra qun nc kaspgtec nstå nd jnoare `adtgdue `a dtgdue y da hns`erted ud jnoarejgndta hn ces gdstece`gadns nqugpa n gdsujas pere frgdher ude etnd`gðd `ad `ecgheh y `ecghnz ec usuerga.
@AD@C^PGADNP. Pn `ad`cuyn qun nc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e hnc Kaspgtec
•
De`gadec Vasecns pasnn ude armedgze`gðd fgnd nstru`turehe, `ad cas dgvncns onrårqug`as nstefcn`ghas, ude pcedte ehjgdgstretgve y pnrsadec hn ndinrjnrêe `epe`gtehe pere frgdher `ughehas kujedgzehas, `ad `ecgheh y `ecghnz. Jnhgedtn nc IAHE hns`ufrgjas tahes equncces iartecnzes, apartudghehns, hnfgcghehns
•
y ejndezes qun nc snrvg`ga prnsndte. Pn prgargza jnhgedtn nc jçtaha Kedcad tahes equncces prafcnjåtg`es qun punhed
•
tndnr a da ude sacu`gðd ye sne e `arta a cerma pceza.
•
Pn nstefcn`nd rn`ajndhe`gadns pere ces jnoares qun nc snrvg`ga hnfn rnecgzer `ad nc igd hn camrer cas nstådherns ehn`uehas pere su iud`gadejgndta.
VN@AJNDHE@GADNP.
Nd fesn e cas rnsuctehas aftndghas nc mrupa gdvnstgmehar prapadn ces sgmugndtns rn`ajndhe`gadns pere nc snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y `grumêe ad`acðmg`e ? Mnstgader `ad onin hnc kaspgtec y hn hnpertejndta pere ce `arrn`te hate`gðd hn
•
pnrsadec hn e`unrha e ce hnjedhe hn pe`gndtns p e`gndtns qun prnsndte nc snrvg`ga. Mnstgader `ad nc JGDPEC ce e`tuecgze`gðd hn pramrejes hn etnd`gðd.
•
Pn rn`ajgndhe e onin hnc årne mnstgader pere qun sgnjprn `undtnd `ad nc jetnrgec n
•
gdsujas dn`nsergas pere nc `arrn`ta iud`gadejgndta hnc snrvg`ga. Jedtndnr ec pnrsadec hn ndinrjnrêe nd `adstedtns `epe`gte`gadns pere ce jnoare
•
`adtgdue hnc jgsja. Pupnrer equncces ejndezes y hnfgcghehns qun sn prnsndted hndtra hnc snrvg`ga.
•
Hgstrgfugr ec pnrsadec hn e`unrha `ad ces årnes hndtra hnc snrvg`ga `ad jeyar hnjedhe
•
hn etnd`gðd.
VNINVND@GEP
➦
Emugrrn, V. A. (625=). Hnigdg`gad y hgsnõa hn ce gdvnstgme`gad.
➦
@es`edt, E. K. (6256). Jntahacamge y tn`dg`es `uedtgtetgves hn gdvnstgme`gad. ➦ Vienc, A. E. (625=). Hnigdg`gad y hgsnõa hn ce gdvnstgme`gad. ➦
Vases, H. V. (625>). Hgsnõa jntahacamg`a y tgpas hn nstuhga.
➦
Jarecns Madzecns y @efrnre Ogjçdnz, I. y J. (625;). jçtaha kedcad prgargze`gðd hn prafcnjes phi ‘ Fus`er Fus`er `ad Maamcn.
➦
Vaoes, O. C. V. (6227). Rra`nhgjgndta pere ce ncefare`gðd hn ud edåcgsgs IAHE `aja ude knrrejgndte hn pcedne`gðd nstretçmg`e nd ces njprnses. ;.
EDN[AP EDÅCGPGP IAHE IAVXECN_E
5. 6. 0. 8. >. 9. =. ;.
HNFGCGHEHNP
@undte `ad ud jer`a darjetgva rnmucetarga. @ajgtç Esnsar iud`gadec. Vn`ursa kujeda ectejndtn `epe`gteha. Gdirenstru`ture dunve, `ad jetnrgec y nqugpa. @adter `ad sgstnjes gdiarjåtg`as pere nc epaya hn ce mnstgðd. @undte `ad jçhg`as nspn`gecgstes nd årne dnujacðmg`e. ^dgheh hn @ecgheh `ad nstådherns darjehas y sgstnjetgzehas. Ns ud kaspgtec ns`unce, pere ju`kas nstuhgedtns udgvnrsghehns. hn
ces
7. Gdirenstru`ture nd pnrsadec jec nsteha. 52. Hnig`gnd`ge nd afsacnte dÿjnra yhn nd jÿctgpcns årnes. 55. Da Da `adter `ad sgstnje gdiarjåtg`a ÿdg`a pere ce etnd`gðd hn pe`gndtns. 56. Ce ufg`e`gðd mnamråig`e hnc kaspgtec. 50. Yêes hn e``nsa hntnrgarehes.
hginrndtns
ARAVX^DGHEHNP EJNDE_EP >. Nc årne mnamråig`e hadhn nstå ufg`eha nc 5. Iarje pertn hn ces rnhns gdtnmrecns n gdtnmrehes hn snrvg`gas hn secuh. 6. Ns par nx`ncnd`ge ud kaspgtec `epe`gteha pere rn`gfgr usuergas hn hginrndtns nspn`gecghehns. 0. @undte `ad fuzadns pere `adtrecarêe sa`gec 8. @advndgas `ad gdstgtu`gadns iarjehares hn prainsgadecns
kaspgtec ns sus`nptgfcn e``ghndtns. 9. prnsupunsta gdsuig`gndtn pere ce hnjedhe hn etnd`gðd hn cas usuergas
GDPXGX^XA NPRN@GECG_EHA HN RVAINPGADECNP HN CE PEC^H GNRVANP, PNHN PED PECYEHAV @unstgaderga pere ce vnrgig`e`gðd hnc `ugheha, jednoa y nsteha hnc jetnrgec y nqugpa hnc snrvg`ga hn @grumêe ad`acðmg`e y @acapra`tacamêe.
Afontgva? Ghndtgig`er ces hnig`gnd`ges `ad ces qun `undte nc snrvg`ga hn @grumêe ad`acðmg`e y @acapra`tacamêe. Gdhg`e`gadns. Nc sgmugndtn tnst `adste hn 52 êtnjs `ad sncn``gðd hn rnspunste PG a DA. hn e`unrha `ad su `rgtnrga, jerqun `ad ude x nd ce `esgcce `arrnspadhgndtn. D² RVNM^DXEP PG DA 5 ±Nxgstnd prata`acas hn etnd`gðd hn ndinrjnhehns1 6 ±@undte nc snrvg`ga `ad jetnrgecns y nqugpas pere nin`tuer tahas cas pra`nhgjgndtas qun sn rnecgzed nd nc snrvg`ga hn @grumêe ad`acðmg`e y @acapra`tacamêe1
0 8 > 9 =
±Nc jetnrgec y nqugpa `ad qun sn `undte nstå nd fundes `adhg`gadns1 ±Nxgstn jednoa ehn`ueha hn jnhghes hn fgasnmurgheh1 ±Camre nc pnrsadec `ujpcgr `ad ces esgmde`gadns pcedgig`ehes1 ±Pn nin`tÿe nc ceveha hn jedas epcg`edha cas > jajndtas hnc ceveha hn jedas1 ±@undte nc snrvg`ga ``ad ad hate`g hate`gðd ðd hn pnrsadec hn e`unrha `ad ce hnjedhe hnc snrvg`ga1
;
±`adsghnre qun ce ufg`e`gðd hnc kaspgtec ns e``nsgfcn1
7
±@ujpcnd `ad e``gadns nstretçmg`es pere ce prnvnd`gðd hn gdin``gadns hn knrghes apnretarges1
52 ±Nc pnrsadec hn ndinrjnrêe nstå nd `adstedtns `epe`gte`gadns pere frgdher ude etnd`gðd hn `ecgheh1
AFPNVYE@GADNP?
GDPXGX^XA NPRN@GECG_EHA HN RVAINPGADECNP HN CE PEC^H GNRVANP, PNHN PED PECYEHAV Cgste hn `knquna hn ce gdirenstru`ture hnc snrvg`ga hn @grumêe ad`acðmg`e y @acapra`tacamêe
EPRN@XAP E NYEC^EV
NP@ECE AFPNVYE@GADNP. PG DA 5. Ce ufg`e`gðd mnamråig`e hnc kaspgtec e``nsgfcn [ Nc nqugpa qun sn 6. Ce gdirenstru`ture hnc snrvg`ga ns ehn`uehe nd`undtre nd nc pere prapar`gader etnd`gðd e cas pe`gndtns. [ snrvg`ga hn `acapra`tacamêe y 0. Pgstnje hn prnvnd`gðd y `adtrac hn gd`ndhgas. `grumêe ad`acðmg`e [ da `undte `ad cas 8. Nqugpa nd `adhg`gadns ðptgjes pere su nstådherns hn `ecgheh utgcgze`gðd. [ pere su utgcgze`gðd.
>. Yêes hn e``nsa ec snrvg`ga nd ðptgjes `adhg`gadns. 9. Gcujgde`gðd ehn`uehe.
Pnrvg`ga?
[
Ces vêes hn e``nsa ec snrvg`ga sn nd`undtred hntnrgarehes.
[
in`ke? 62/27/6265
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