Diagnostico de La Biodiversidad de Venezuela

 

Jobgnøsthc jm lb Docjovmrsojbj jm Ymnmzumlb

Lb docjovmrsojbj ms un tïreonc rmlbhocnbjc b lb grbn vbromjbj jm icrebs jm vojb (bnoeblms, plbntbs y eohrccrgbnosecs) qum sm mnhumntrbn mn lb mrrb. Hceprmnjm ogublemntm lb vbromjbj jm mhcsostmebs bjmeâs jm lb joimrmnhob gmnïhb (jovmrsojbj gmnïhb) jmntrc jm hbjb mspmhom, qum pmreotmn lb hcedonbhoøn jm lbs eölplms icrebs jm vojb. Lb docjovmrsojbj rmsultb oepcrtbntm jmsjm trms puntcs jm vostb pronhopblms. Mhcløgohbemntm pmreotm ml mquolodroc y lb iunhocnblojbj jm lcs sostmebs bedomntblms qum prcpcrhocnbn numstrb sustmntbdolojbj mn lb mrrb. Mhcnøeohbemntm, dronjb dron jb lcs rmhurscs rmhurscs pbrb ml bprcvmhkb bprcvmhkbeomn eomntc tc y pcsod pcsodolotb olotbn n ml jmsbrrcllc jmsbrrcllc jm lb kuebnojbj. kuebnojbj. _ homnhb homnhbemntm emntm byujb b mntmnjmr ml prchmsc votbl y b hcnchmr ml pbpml qum hueplm hbjb mspmhom y mlmemntcs mn lcs mhcsostmebs. Ymnmzumlb pcr su udohbhoøn gmcgrâhb, y sus hbrbhtmråshbs sohc-nbturblms, gczb jm onemnsb vbromjbj jm mstbs icrebs jm vojb, hcnsojmrbjc mntcnhms hcn emgbjovmrsojbj, icrebnjc pbrtm jm lcs 27 pbåsms emgbjovmrscs jml eunjc, y udohânjcsm hcec ml sïpec b novml eunjobl. Xmgön butcrms, ml pbås bpcrtb ml ?% jm jovmrsojbj jml eunjc. Ymnmzumlb pcsmm tcjc pc jm pbosbfms y hloebs mn su gmcgrbb, jmsjm smlvbs mn lb Bebzcnob y ml Mshujc Gubybnïs, dcsqums nudlbjcs, lluvocscs, smhcs, trcpohblms y sudtrcpohblms, ebnglbrms, jmsomrtcs y ebtcrrblms, mn lcs Bnjms mnm grbnjms hbjmnbs ecntbòcsbs mn jcnjm jcnjm sm rmgostrbn lbs tmepmrbturbs eâs dbfbs jml pbås. Bjmeâs mnm sbd sbdbnbs, bnbs, llbncs, y tmpuyms, mstcs ölecs hcnsojmrbjcs hcec lbs icrebhocnms rchcsbs eâs bngubs jml eunjc. Zbedoïn pcsmm grbnjms lbgcs, lbgunbs y råcs, bså hcec plbybs jm bgubs hrostblonbs y un grbn nöemrc jm oslbs y brhkopoïlbgcs. Mstc hcnvomrtm b Ymnmzumlb Mn unb nbhoøn rohb mn mhcsostmebs. Lcs mhcsostmebs y pbosbfms bntmrocremntm bntmrocremntm ncedrbjcs, pmreotmn ml jm jmsbrrcllc sbrrcllc jm josntbs mspmhoms, mspmhoms, pcr lc qum bldmrgbn jovmrsojb jovmrs ojbj j jm ibunb ibunb y crb. crb. Mn numstr numstrc c pbås pbås sm kbn jmshrotc jmshrotc bl emncs emncs 227 eol ms mspmh pmhoms oms,, nöemr nöemrc c qum qum pujomr pujomrb b onhrmemntbrsm mn lb emjojb qum sm hcnnömn y prciunjohmn lcs mstujocs homnhcs. Lb ibunb jm Ymnmzumlb hcnsostm mn unb grbn vbromjbj jm bnoeblms önohcs1 blrmjmjcr jml 48% jm lcs rmplms y ml =0% jm lbs mspmhoms jm bndocs qum kbdotbn mn ml pbås scn mnjïeohbs jm Ymnmzumlb. Mn tctbl, blrmjmjcr jm ;000 mspmhoms (tctbl quontb eâs bltb jml eunjc). Bjmeâs jm ibunb mnjïeohb, Ymnmzumlb bhcgm un tctbl jm 2:40 mspmhoms jm bvms, :; jm lbs hublms scn mnjïeohbs. mnjïeohbs. pâfbrcs oepcrtbntms onhluymn onhluymn odos, âguolbs pmshbjcrbs, Ebrn pm pmshbjcr shbjcr y ml bebrollc-nbrbnfb, ml turpobl (bvm nbhocnbl). nbhocnbl). Ebeåimrcs nctbdlms onhluymn onhluymn ml csc kcreogumrc gogbntm, ml fbgubr, ml ecnc bullbjcr bullbjcr y ml hbpodbrb (K. kyjrchkbhros), ml rcmjcr eâs grbnjm jml eunjc. Eâs jm lb eotbj jm lbs mspmhoms jm bvms y ebeåimrcs vmnmzclbncs sm mnhumntrbn mn lcs dcsqums bebzønohcs bl sur jml Cronchc. Ymnmzumlb mstâ mntrm lcs 27 pbåsms eâs emgbjovmrscs jml eunjc. Mn hubntc b lb crb, ml pbås pcsmm blrmjmjcr jm 80.000 b 8=.000 mspmhoms jm plbntbs, jm lbs hublms eâs jm ;.000 scn mnjïeohbs y önohbs jml pbås. Ymnmzumlb ms hcnsojmrbjb unb grbn hunb jm vmgmtbhoøn, grbhobs b unb grbn hbnjbj jm bgub y humnhbs kojrcgrâhbs. Xm mnhumntrbn mxtmnjojcs pcr tcjc ml tmrrotcroc. Hcnmnm joimrmntms pcs jm pbosbfms tcjcs mllcs hcn hbrbhtmråshbs önohbs. Xm mseb qum ml := % jml tmrrotcroc mstâ hudomrtc pcr dcsqum c vmgmtbhoøn dcshcsb, ml 4=% hcec sbdbnb y ml rmstbntm hcrrmspcnjm b ctrc pc jm vmgmtbhoøn hcec Ebnglbrms, plbntbhocnms icrmstblms, pbrbecs, mth. _b qum pcsmm unb grbn vbromjbj jm crb, su hlbsohbhoøn nc kb sojc tbrmb iâhol. Mn plbntbs hbrnåvcrbs mxostmn jovmrscs pcs, bså hcec mspmhoms önohbs qum sm mnhumntrbn mn ml Pbrqum Nbhocnbl Hbnboeb. Zomnm eâs jm 80.000 mspmhoms jm bngocspmrebs, pcsohocnbnjc bl pbås mn ml chtbvc lugbr eunjobl. Mn lb Grbn Xbdbnb sm pumjmn mnhcntrbr jovmrscs pcs jm plbntbs, ârdclms y crms önohbs qum sclc hrmhmn mn msb pbrtm gmcgrâhb jml pbås, sm pumjmn mnhcntrbr jmsjm ârdclms mncrems kbstb kmlmhkcs, crms, plbntbs hbrnåvcrbs, y unb grbn hbnjbj jm crquåjmbs mnjïeohbs jm lb zcnb. Lbs zcnbs brojbs y smeoârojbs jm Ymnmzumlb, jmnojbs hcec bqumllbs udohbjbs pcr jmdbfc jm lcs =00 ets scdrm ml novml jml ebr mnmn unb prmhopotbhoøn emjob bnubl onimrocr b lcs ;00 ets. Xm udohbn mn : rmgocnms gmcgrâhbs6 lc lbrgc jm lb hcstb vmnmzclbnb jmsjm lb Gcbforb kbstb ml Gclic jm Hbrobhc, mn lb blplbnohom jm Dbrquosoemtc1 mn lcs Bnjms y mn lbs oslbs jml Hbrodm. Lbs zcnbs brojbs y smeoârojbs hcstmrbs, udohbjbs mn lbs plbnohoms y pomjmecntms cromntbjcs mn lb jormhhoøn Mstm, Cmstm, mstcs pcsmmn unb bnceblåb hloeâhb, lb hbusb pcsodlm jm mstb bnceblåb ms lb ontmrbhhoøn mntrm lb tcpcgrbb

 

plbnb y ml ebr hbrodm irmshc, lb hubl hrmb hcntrbstms qum chbsocnbn lb jovmrgmnhob y sudsostmnhob jm lbs ebsbs jml borm. Lbs pcrhocnms jm lb hcstb udohbjbs mn jormhhoøn Ncrtm-Xur scn köemjbs, hcn prmhopotbhocnms bdunjbntms. Mstb sotubhoøn sm rmpotm mn lbs oslbs hbrodmòbs. Mn tctbl kby :8 pbrqums nbhocnblms y 89 ecnuemntcs nbturblms, qum mquovblmn bl 42,79% jml tmrrotcroc vmnmzclbnc. Lcs pbrqums nbhocnblms jm Ymnmzumlb mstân dbfc lb bjeonostrbhoøn jml Onstutc Nbhocnbl jm Pbrqums (ONPBTR]MX). Pcr tbebòc, 2; pbrqums nbhocnblms mnmn eâs jm 2.000 ae´1 2= supmrbn lcs 4.000 ae´1 = pbsbn jm =.000 ae´ y 8 mnmn eâs jm 20.000 ae´. Lcs ebycrms pbrqums jm tcjb Ymnmzumlb mstân mn lb Gubybnb, y scn ml Pbrqum nbhocnbl PbroebZbporbpmhc, hcn 8?.000 ae´ y ml Pbrqum nbhocnbl Hbnboeb, hcn 80.000 ae´. Lcs eâs pmqumòcs scn ml Pbrqum nbhocnbl Humvb jm lb Rumdrbjb jml Zcrc, mn Iblhøn, hcn :;,;= ae´, y ml QQPbrqum nbhocnbl Hmrrc Ml Hcpmy - Føvotc Yollbldbl. Jm ogubl ecjc, ml pbås chupb lb quontb pcsohoøn mn ml eunjc mn nöemrc jm mspmhoms jm bvms, lb sïpeb pcsohoøn eunjobl mn mspmhoms jm plbntbs vbshulbrms, lb ncvmnb pcsohoøn eunjobl mn bndocs, lb hubrtb pcsohoøn hcn eâs mspmhoms jm pmhms jm bgub julhm, y bjmeâs gurb mntrm lcs pbåsms hcn eâs mspmhoms jm ebropcsbs. Tmgocnms Nburblms

Ymnmzumlb mstâ Ymnmzumlb  mstâ jovojojb mn numvm rmgocnms nbturblms. Lbs numvm rmgocnms mn lbs qum mstâ jovojojb Ymnmzumlb, y sus sudrmgocnms, scn6 Lcs Bnjms

 

Lb Hcrjollmrb jm Eïrojb

c

Lbgc jm Ebrbhbodc

 

Ml Vulob, Vulob, lb smrrbnåb jml Pmrofâ y Pmrofâ y ml lbgc prcpobemntm johkc.

c

Onsulbr

 

c c

Lb oslb jm Ebrgbrotb, Ebrgbrotb, lb oslb jm Hchkm Hchkm y  y lb oslb jm Hudbgub, Hudbgub, qum icrebn ml mstbjc Numvb Mspbrtb. Mspbrtb. Lbs oslbs jm Xctbvmntc vmnmzclbnbs. Xctbvmntc vmnmzclbnbs. Hcrjollmrb Hmnrbl

 

c

Ml lbgc jm Yblmnhob, Yblmnhob, lb llbnurb jm Dbrlcvmntc, Dbrlcvmntc, lcs vbllms jml Zuy, Zuy, lcs bltcs Eorbnjoncs y Eorbnjoncs y ml ebhozc jm Norgub.. Xm jovojm mn lb hcrjollmrb jm lb Hcstb y Norgub Hcstb y lb smrrbnåb jml Ontmrocr. Ontmrocr . Ms ml lbjc chhojmntbl jm lb hcrjollmrb Hbrodm.. Lb hcrjollmrb jm lb Hcstb ms vosodlm kbstb ml hbdc Hcjmrb, Hbrodm Hcjmrb, hcnnöb dbfc lbs bgubs jm lb icsb jm Hbrobhc, Hbrobhc, y rmsurgm mn lbs pmnånsulbs jm Brbyb y Brbyb y Pbrob. Pbrob. Lb Xmrrbnåb jml Ontmrocr sm smpbrb jml ebhozc jm Zuroeoquorm, Zuroeoquorm , pmrtmnmhomntm pmrtmnmhomnt m b lb Hcrjollmrb Cromntbl, pcr lb jmprmsoøn jm ]nbrm ]nbrm .  . Hcrjollmrb Cromnbl

 

c

Ml Ebhozc jm Zuroeoquorm y Zuroeoquorm  y lbs pmnånsulbs jm Brbyb y Brbyb y Pbrob, Pbrob, huybs ecntbòbs scn lb hcnnubhoøn jm lb Hcrjollmrb jm lb Hcstb Hcstb.. Onhluym ml gclic jm Pbrob. Pbrob. Ms ml lbjc cromntbl jm lb Hcrjollmrb Hbrodm Hbrodm.. Ml Ebhozc sm smpbrb jm lb Xmrrbnåb jml Ontmrocr, pmrtmnmhomntm b lb Hcrjollmrb Hmntrbl, pcr lb jmprmsoøn jm ]nbrm. Xosmeb Jmlbohc

 

c

Ml jmltb jml Cronchc. Cronchc. Lcs Llbncs

 

c

Lcs Llbncs jml Cronchc. Cronchc. Xm sudjovojmn mn lcs Llbncs Bltcs bl ncrtm y lcs Llbncs Dbfcs bl sur. Xur jml Cronchc

 

c

Lb Gubybnb Ymnmzclbnb y Ymnmzclbnb y lb Grbn Xbdbnb. Xbdbnb. Icrebhoøn Lbrb-Iblhøn, Lbrb-Iblhøn, c Xosmeb Hcrobnc

 

c

Lcs eïjbncs jm Hcrc y Hcrc y su ostec, ostec, lb pmnånsulb jm Pbrbgubnâ, Pbrbgubnâ , lbs somrrbs jm Xbn Luos, Luos, Brcb, Brcb, Dumnb Yostb,, Hkurugubrb, Yostb Hkurugubrb, Dbrogub, Dbrogub, y Xorueb. Xorueb.

 

Prcdlmebs hcn lb docjovmrsojbj vmnmzclbnb

Nc cdstbntm, Ymnmzumlb mn lb bhtublojbj prmsmntb euhkcs prcdlmebs bedomntblms qum bimhtbn jormhtb m onjormhtbemntm b lb docjovmrsojbj, pums tcjbs lbs bhvojbjms qum rmblozb lb kuebnojbj jmsmnhbjmnbn unb smrom jm mimhtcs m oepbhtcs nmgbvcs qum lb bimhtbn. Lb bgrohulturb y gbnbjmråb, prcymhtcs icrmstblms, lb hcnstruhhoøn, lbs onjustrobs, scn blgunbs jm lbs bhvojbjms qum pmrfujohbn b lb docjovmrsojbj. Mntrm mllbs mstân ml hcemrhoc olmgbl jm bnoeblms y plbntbs solvmstrms, lb jmstruhhoøn jm sus kâdotbts nbturblms, ibltb jm onvmrsoøn pbrb su onvmsgbhoøn y ebnmfc, jïdol gmsøn bedomntbl, loeotbjcs msiumrzcs mn hcnsmrvbhoøn, ontrcjuhhoøn jm mspmhoms mxøhbs (qum nc scn prcpobs jml lugbr) qum bltmrbn lb hbjmnb trøhb, jmicrmstbhoøn y ml hrmhomntm nöemrc jm mspmhoms mn pmlogrc jm mxnhoøn. Pbrb hcntrbrrmstbr lcs prcdlmebs bedomntblms sm jmdm jobgncshbr ml jmtmrocrc rmbl qum kb suirojc lb docjovmrsojbj mn Ymnmzumlb, pbrb hcnchmr lb prcdlmeâhb y pcjmr bplohbr lbs emjojbs hcrrmspcnjomntms. Yogolbr y hcntrclbr ml hcemrhoc olmgbl y pmnbr b bqumllcs qum btmntmn hcntrb lbs mspmhoms. Onvmrr mn onvmsgbhocnms qum pmreotbn jmshrodor y hlbsohbr lbs mspmhoms bön jmshcnchojbs, bjmeâs jm rmblozbr onvmsgbhocnms pbrb lb hcnsmrvbhoøn, ml ebnmfc y lb gmsøn jm lcs eosecs. Tmblozbr hbepbòbs jm mjuhbhoøn b lbs hceunojbjms pbrb su prctmhhoøn y hcnsmrvbhoøn. Hcntrclbr y vogolbr lb ontrcjuhhoøn jm mspmhoms mxøhbs. Eonoeozbr Eonoeozbr lbs bhvojbjms jm jmicrmstbhoøn y rmicrmstbr lbs ârmbs bimhtbjbs. Onvmrr mn scluhocnms y mn emjojbs jm hcnsmrvbhoøn pbrb jmtmnmr lb mxnhoøn jm mspmhoms. Xo ncs bdchbecs b hcnsmrvbr lb docjovmrsojbj, tmnjrmecs ebycr hblojbj jm vojb y pcjråbecs bprcvmhkbr jm ebnmrb sustmntbdlm lcs rmhurscs qum ïstb ncs dronjb, lc qum hcnllmvbråb bl jmsbrrcllc mhcnøeohc, schobl y mhcløgohc. Onstuhocnms jml msbjc y hcepcnmnms jm lb IBND pbrb ml rmsgubrjc jm lb docjovmrsojbj.

Lb Docjovmrsojbj c lb Jovmrsojbj Docløgohb mn Ymnmzumlb hcrrmspcnjm b tcjcs lcs smrms vovcs, bnoeblms c vmgmtblms qum jmdmn smr prmsmrvbjcs y prctmgojcs pcr ml Mstbjc, jm bhumrjc b lcs jmrmhkcs jm scdmrbnåb mfmrhojcs pcr ml gcdomrnc vmnmzc vmn mzclbn lbnc c jm bhumrj bhumrjc c b lb Hcnvmn Hcnvmnhoø hoøn n Xcdrm Xcdrm lb Hcnsm Hcnsmrvb rvbhoø hoøn n jm lb Jovmrs Jovmrsojb ojbj j Docløg Docløgoh ohb. b. Ms jmdmr jmdmr jml Mstbjc Mstbjc Ymnmzclbnc mntcnhms oeplmemntbr lcs emhbnosecs jm hcnsmrvbhoøn, rmhupmrbhoøn y vogolbnhob scdrm lcs mhcsostmebs jmntrc jml tmrrotcroc nbhocnbl. Ml 4: jm Ebyc jml bòc 4000 mntrb mn vogmnhob, jurbntm ml gcdomrnc jml prmsojmntm Kugc Hkâvmz, lb Lmy jm Jovmrsojbj Docløgohb, qum jm bhumrjc b su brhulc 8¶ ebnomstb (hotb tmxtubl)6 "Ml pbtroecnoc bedomntbl jm lb Nbhoøn lc hcnicrebn lcs mhcsostmebs, mspmhoms y rmhurscs gmnïhcs, qum sm mnhumntrmn jmntrc jml tmrrotcroc nbhocnbl y su âedotc furosjohhocnbl, onhluymnjc lb zcnb ebråeb hcngub y lb zcnb mhcnøeohb mxhlusovb".

Lcs crgbnosecs nbhocnblms hcn hcepmtmnhob mn lb vogolbnhob y ml rmsgubrjc jm lb Jovmrsojbj Docløgohb mn Ymnmzumlb, jm bhumrjc b lc hcntmeplbjc mn lb rmimrojb lmy scn6 Eonosmroc jml Bedomnm y jm lcs Tmhurscs Nburblms,   mntm rmhtcr jm tcjbs tcjbs lbs jormhvbs jormhvbs hcnhmrnomntms hcnhmrnomntms bl huojbjc y

rmgulbhoøn jm usc jm lcs mspbhocs nbturblms y lcs rmhurscs qum mn ïl sm mnhumntrbn. Onstuc Nbhocnbl jm lb Jovmrsojbj Docløgohb,  onstuhoøn jmpmnjomntm jml Eonostmroc jml Bedomntm, y qum nbhm b pbrr

jm lb hrmbhoøn jm lb Lmy jm Jovmrsojbj Docløgohb, mnhbrgbjc pbrhulbremntm jm gbrbnzbr lb ncrebvb lmgbl qum rogm tcjc lc rmlbhocnbjc b lb docjovmrsojbj y rmhurscs gmnïhcs. Prcgrbeb Nbhocnbl jm Onvmstgbhocnms scdrm Jovmrsojbj Docløgohb, onstruemntc qum nbhm hcn lb pbrhopbhoøn Chonb

Nbhocnbl jm lb Jovmrsojbj Docløgohb, mn hccrjonbhoøn hcn ml Eonostmroc jm Homnhob y Zmhnclcgåb, y lbs onstuhocnms jm mjuhbhoøn supmrocr jml pbås. Onstuc Onst uc Nbhocnbl Nbhocnbl jm Pbrqums Pbrqums (Oepbrqum (Oepbrqums) s)  hcnicrebjc hcnicrebjc pcr prcimsocn prcimsocnblms, blms, tïhnohcs tïhnohcs y buxolobrms buxolobrms hbpbho hbpbhotbjcs tbjcs mn lb

mfmhuhoøn jm lbs lmyms jm hcnsmrvbhoøn, vogolbnhob y rmhupmrbhoøn jm lcs mspbhocs jmsognbjcs hcec pbtroecnoc bedomntbl.

 

Lb Iumrzb Brebjb Nbhocnbl Dclovbrobnb,  hcec gbrbntm jm lb scdmrbnåb nbhocnbl sm mnhbrgbrâ jm hclbdcrbr mn lb hustcjob

jm lcs mspbhocs nbturblms prctmgojcs, pbrb mvotbr ml ebl usc c mxplctbhoøn orrbhocnbl jm lcs rmhurscs nbturblms, bså hcec lb onvbsoøn jm mspbhocs nbturblms, tbntc pcr pbrtm jm lcs houjbjbncs vmnmzclbncs hcec jm hublquomr mnjbj mxtrbnfmrb. Mn mspmhobl lb Gubrjob Nbhocnbl Dclovbrobnb fumgb un pbpml oepcrtbntm mn ml jmsmepmòc jm lbs iunhocnms jm sblvbgubrjb jm lb Jovmrsojbj Docløgohb. Ml Mst Mstbjc bjc vmnmz vmnmzclb clbnc nc mn su Hcnst Hcnstuho uhoøn øn pclåh pclåhb b vogmnt vogmntm m m mnm nm lb cdlogb cdlogbhoø hoøn n jm gbrbn gbrbnzbr zbr un bedomn bedomntm tm lod lodrm rm jm hcntbeonbhoøn, bjmeâs mnm lb rmspcnsbdolojbj jm crjmnbr pclåhc bjeonostrbvbemntm lb Tmpödlohb hcn iunjbemntc mn lbs rmblojbjms mhcløgohbs y nblemntm ml jmdmr oepmrbvc jm prctmgmr y sblvbgubrjbr lb docjovmrsojbj jmntrc jm lcs låeotms jml tmrrotcroc. Xon medbrgc, mn ml plbnc mstruhturbl jml gcdomrnc nbhocnbl y jm lcs gcdomrncs rmgocnblms, lbs onstbnhobs c onstuhocnms mnhbrgbjbs jm mstm rmsgubrjc scn pchbs mn btmnhoøn b lb emgbjovmrsojbj jml tmrrotcroc, iunjbemntblemntm ml Onstutc Nbhocnbl jm Pbrqums bmnjm b bqumllbs ârmbs hblohbjbs hcec Tmsmrvbs jm Doøsimrb, Pbrqum Nbhocnbl c Ecnuemntc Nbturbl, ml rmstc qumjbn bl huojbjc jm lb Gubrjob Nbhocnbl, qum ms ml hcepcnmntm jm lb Iumrzb Brebjb Nbhocnbl (IBN, pcr sus soglbs mn mspbòcl) mnhbrgbjc jm lb prctmhhoøn ircntmrozb y ml rmsgubrjc jm lbs mspmhoms docløgohbs nbhocnblms.

EBTOBNN_ CLOYC OVBEBT DCLOYBT MTOLON XCDTONC HBTLCX JM BTB]FC BJTOBNB EBTZONMV MJ]BTJC EMTHKBN JMDCTBK BLO IBDOBN JO YBXZB