Detailed Lesson Plan about Sound.docx

Lesson Plan in Science I. Objectives At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to: 1. describe the characteristics of sound; 2. identify how organisms produce, transmit, and receive sound of various frequencies (infrasonic, audible, and ultrasonic sound) II. Subject Matter A. Topic: Sound B. Materials: Visual aids, pictures, handkerchief, cotton balls C. References:  Science Learner’s Material (Quarters 1-4) 7, pp. 31-34  Exploring Life Through Science Series, The New Grade 7, pp. 225-231 D. Science Process: Observing, Communicating, Comparing, Classifying E. Value Integration: To appreciate the importance of sound III. Learning Task Teacher’s Activity A. Preliminary Activities 1. Prayer & Greetings 2. Checking of Attendance 3. Review/Motivation Ask the students about the previous discussion.

Student’s Activity

Our previous lesson was about waves.

B. Lesson Proper 1. Unlocking of difficult terms  vacuum – an empty space in which there is no air or other gas  larynx – part of the throat that contains the vocal cords  frequency – the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time  audible – loud enough to be heard 2. Activity ”How Good Is Your Hearing?” Procedure 1. Blindfold a volunteer. 2. Some of the students will stand forming a circle around the volunteer. 3. The students will take turn making gentle noises, such as a clap, a click of the fingers, a whisper or a quiet call. 4. After each sound, the person with the blindfold should point to where they think the sound is coming from. 5. Try it again and this time with a cotton ball on the ears of the blindfolded volunteer. 3. Analysis What is sound?

Sound is a form of energy that travels in invisible waves created by vibrating objects. It cannot travel in vacuum.

Production of Sound The source of sound is any vibrating object. The vibration of the vocal chords in the larynx produces human voice and also animals. The Audible Range The audible range of frequency for humans is from 20 – 20 000 Hz. What is infrasound?

Sounds whose frequencies are lower than 20 Hz.

Sources of infrasonic Natural events: avalanches, earthquakes, volcanoes, waterfalls, calving of icebergs, meteors, and lightning Animal communication: whales, elephants, hippopotamuses, rhinoceros, giraffes, alligators What is ultrasound?

Sounds with frequencies higher than 20 000 Hz.

They are used by some animals like bats (echolocation), insects, dogs, cats, and dolphins. Imaging is the most common use of ultrasound in medicine. Characteristics of Sound What is pitch?

Pitch refers to the highness and lowness of a sound.

According to the basic wave equation, a highfrequency sound gives rise to a short wave and a low-frequency sound, to a long wave. What is loudness?

Loudness refers to the loudness and softness of a sound.

Sound Levels of different sound sources Source of sound Level (dB) Jet engine, 30 m away 140 Threshold of pain 120 Amplified rock music 115 Old subway train 100 Average factory 90 Busy street traffic 70 Normal conversation 60 Library 40 Close whisper 20 Normal breathing 10 Threshold of hearing 0 What is quality or timbre?

It is perceived as the quality of different sounds.

The Human Voice The human voice is regarded as the most wonderful musical instrument. The vibration of the vocal cords in the larynx produces music. What is noise? 4. Abstraction What is sound? How does sound produced? What are the characteristics of sound? 5. Application What would the world be if there is no sound?

Noise is a term used to refer to an unwanted or damaging sound. Sound is a form of energy that travels in invisible waves created by vibrating objects. Sound is produced by any vibrating objects. Pitch, loudness, and quality. The world will be quiet and peaceful.

IV. Evaluation Identification 1. A longitudinal wave that is created by vibrating objects 2. Sounds whose frequencies are lower than 20 Hz 3. Sounds with frequencies higher than 20 000 Hz 4. Threshold of pain (dB) 5. Refers to the highness and lowness of a sound 6. What is Hz? 7. What is dB? 8. Refers to the loudness and softness of a sound 9. The most wonderful musical instrument 10. Unwanted or damaging sound V. Assignment Bring any material that produces sound.

M.L.: ___________ I.D: ____________

Prepared by: Patricia Ann F. Palencia BSED IV – Bio.Sci.