Design and Innovation Fundamental Quizzes

Review Test Submission: Quiz 2 Brainstorming  Question 1 What sort of people would help at a brainstorming session? (HINT: 4 answers are correct) Correct Answers:

People with an interest in the outcome of the brainstorm Any number of people but divided into groups of 6 and 10 People with skill in the area but from diverse backgrounds Someone famous from from outside the company (eg. a motivatoinal speaker or a celebrity chef)

 Question 2 A Brainstorming session should have two phases (select one correct answer): Correct Answer:

Create ideas and then analyse the ideas

 Question 3 Select all the things below that will kill creativity in a brainstorm (HINT: more than one answer is correct) Correct Answers:

Have no clear objectives for the brainstorm session Discuss the fesibility, costs and risks immediately an idea is generated Aim for quality of ideas rather than quantity of ideas Ideas are not evaluated and there is no action taken on the good ideas after the brainstorm

 Question 4 Dreamer Realist Critic - put the activities in the

correct order for a brainstorm session Correct Answer 1. Form an external view of the challenge 2. Use divergent thinking to conceive ideas 3. uUse convergent thinking to review ideas 4. Identify weaknesses, obstacles or risks

Review Test Submission: Quiz 3 Concept Development  Question 1

Design Thinking Stages - match the labels to the diagram below:

Correct Answer

1. Empathy 2. Define 3. Ideate 4. Prototype

5. Test

 Question 2 Divergent thinking ...(select each correct answer): Correct Answers:

produces new ideas by exploring many possible solutions creates multiple answers to a set problem is used to explore the solution space

 Question 3 Prior to the moment of insight (select each correct answer): Correct a person may go through Answers: Incubation and Intimation the right side and the visual cortex of the brain is used you may get the feeling you are on the right track

 Question 4

Put the following stages of problem solving in the correct order

Correct Answer 1. Define 2. Generate 3. Decide 4. Implement 5. Evaluate Wednesday, 28 October 2015 4:19:09 PM EST

Review Test Submission: Quiz 4 Requirements  Question 1

A Stakeholder Requirement ... (select all that are true) must state something that can be verified by inspection, analysis, test, or demonstration. is a statement of something someone needs must be technically feasible. expresses a single thought in a way that cannot be misunderstood is used to validate that a completed design meets the stakeholder needs states what is needed but is missing detail on how to provide it should be rated and ranked (highest to lowest) based on value to the stakeholder  Question 2 For the following diagram "Developing the Stakeholder Requirements Specification" select the best answer for the missing labels shown with (......) and numbered in red.

Correct Answer

1. Needs 2. Problem / Benefit 3. Requirements 4. Specification

 Question 3 True or False - With a formal change management process, stakeholder requirements can be added, changed or removed any time up to the start of the testing phase. Correct Answer:

True

 Question 4 Which of the following indicate poor quality Stakeholder Requirements (select all that are true) Correct The design team spends time arguing Answers: about the meaning of a requirement.

Requirements are abstract and are not verifiable Requirements are ambiguous  The development team has frequent

meetings with the the stakeholders to rewrite the requirements.  The development team is free to

interpret the unwritten assumptions about the requirements.

Review Test Submission: Quiz 5 - High Level Design  Question 1 High Level Design ... (select all that are true)

Correct Answers:

Develops the solution concept Considers the system functions needed to meet the requirements Identifies the core problem to be solved by the system Uses block diagrams or similar tools to determine the functions delivered by system components Can optimise the design by early consideration of design tradeoffs

 Question 2 Put the following High Level Design Steps in the correct order Correct Answer 1. Analyse Requirements List for specific needs (functions, constraints, value statements) 2. From the specific needs extract the core “Problems to be Solved” or "Capability Gaps" 3. Describe the Problems or Gaps in their General Form 4. Divergent search for generic functional solutions to the problem/gap 5. Rate generic functional solutions against the specific needs 6. Select functional solution with best fit

7. Establish high level function-structures (Block Diagram) 8. Divergent search for appropriate physical solutions (working principals) 9. Evaluate physical design variations 10. Verify high level design meets requirements 11. Document the high-level design

 Question 3 In the Weighted Criteria Matrix diagram below fill in the values shown (A.AA, BB%, C.CC, D):

Question

Correct Match II.

Weighted Score A.AA

0.45 Weight BB%

IV.

20%

I.

Total score C.CC

3.10 Ranking D

3

III.

 Question 4

For Stage-Gate process, match the following stage names with their description:

Question

Correct Match

Discovery

B. Pre-work designed to uncover opportunities and generate New Product ideas

Scoping

A. A quick, preliminary investigation and scoping of the project – largely desk research

Build the Business Case

D. A much more detailed investigation involving primary research – both market and technical – leading to a business case, including product and project definition, project justification, and a project plan

Development

C. The actual detailed design and development of the new product, and the design of the operations or production process

Testing and Validation

F. Tests or trials in the marketplace, lab, and plant to verify and validate the proposed new product, and its marketing and production/operations

Launch/commerciali sation

E. Beginning of full operations or production, marketing, and selling

Review Test Submission: Quiz 6 - DFMA and Ind Design  Question 1 Design for Assembly (DFA)... (select all correct answers) Correct Answers:

Reduces the cost by reducing the number of parts in a product

Is used at the early design stages to compare different assembly techniques

Can result in a reduction in specialised tooling used in assembly

 Question 2 Design for Manufacture (DFM)... (select all correct answers)

Correct Answers:

Can reduce the cost of production by reducing the number of production tools, moulds, dies or jigs Is used at the early design stages to evaluate tooling and fabrication strategies Includes techniques to assess and improve the quality of production

 Question 3 Industrial Designers ... (select all correct answers) Correct Answers:

Can collect and analyse user needs Are part of the concept development team Understand the properties of materials and design for manufacturing Consider ergonomics early in the design Can be used to evaluate the effect of product design decisions on end users

 Question 4 Design Reviews ... (select all correct answers) Correct Answers:

Assess the maturity of the design/development effort

Clarifying design requirements Check proposed design against technical requirements Check requirements against the ConOps Check proposed design configuration could meet the targets for DFM, DFA and DFx Evaluate if the design can schedule and cost targets at different lifecycle stages Check proposed design against customer needs Help ensure robust, efficient or safe design

Review Test Submission: Quiz 7 - Robust Design  Question 1

Hazard versus Risk. (select all correct answers) 0.25 points

Correct Answers:

A hazard is any source of potential harm A hazard should be further assessed only if it can (somehow) create an impact A risk is the chance of something happening that will have an impact on objectives Risks should include the chance of not achieving the expected performance of a design The likelihood of delays and cost overruns are risks to a development project Uncertainty about development scope, cost or time increases the overall project risk

 Question 2 Likelihood versus Consequences versus Risk. (select all correct answers) 0.25 points

Correct Answers:

Likelihood is the expected occurrence of an incident Consequence can be measured as the amount of money you expect to lose per incident Risk can be measured as expected dollar loss per annum

Risk can be measured as expected injuries or deaths per annum

 Question 3

Which of the following statements true according to the Enhanced Risk Matrix shown below.... (select all correct answers) Red =

Unacceptable without risk reduction Amber = Senior Mgr Approval required Yellow = Local Mgr Approval required Green = Acceptable with periodic review

Correct  A production equipment failure with a severity of Answers: Critical and Likelihood of Occasional has a Risk Level of 6 An accident that is likely to occur and has catastrophic consequences has a Risk Level of 2 The annual loss expectancy from an accident with Occasional / Critical can be lowered by reducing the

impact when the incident occurs The consequences of an incident can be reduced by effective controls that detect the incident, contain damage and/or assit the business to recover An Enhanced Risk Matrix should be developed by stakeholders and formally agreed by senior management An Enhanced Risk Matrix can be used to communicate the risk tolerance levels An Enhanced Risk Matrix can be used to determine risks that cannot be accepted without further treatment that reduces likelihood, reduces consequences or reduces both. The risk matrix can be used to determine risk priority (relative importance)

Review Test Submission: Quiz 8 - Safety Engineering  Question 1 Pair up definitions with the terms listed below Question

Correct Match

An accident is …

C. An undesired and unplanned event that results in a specified level of loss.

Reliability is …

E. Freedom from failures.

An error is …

F. A flaw or deviation from a desired or intended state

Safety is …

G. Freedom from accident or loss.

A failure is …

A. Non-performance or inability of the system or component to perform its intended function.

A hazard is …

B. A state or set of conditions of a system that together with other conditions in the environment will lead inevitably to an accident.

A near miss (incident) …

D. An event that involves no loss but with the potential for loss in other circumstances



Question 2

ALARP ... (select all correct answers) Correct Answers:

Means the residual risks to health and safety of people are reduced to a level that is as low as reasonably practicable Is achieved when there are no other practical measures that could reasonably be taken to further reduce risks to life or limb Can be used as a criteria when making a choice between differing design concepts



Means much the same thing as So Far As Reasonably Practicable (SFARP) Question 3

A Safety Case ... (select all correct answers) Correct Answers:

Is a snapshot of the Safety Management System at a point in time States the known hazards and risks Defines the tolerable level of risk States the controls that are in place and how they reduce the risk Justifies the controls are sufficient to mitigate risk to a tolerable level

Would be required to operate a Major Hazard Facility Would be required to permit operation of the Prelude Floating Liquefied Natural Gas (FLNG) Facility

 Question 4 Bow-Tie diagrams display of the relationship between Hazards

and Outcomes and are used to document the cause and consequence analysis in a Safety Management System. For the Bow Tie Diagram below, find the label that best matches the blanks marked A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H.

Question 1 Question

Correct Match

A newly developed product is likely to be more profitable for [..A..] longer inC. the market if the product ... (select all correct answers) Fault Tree Analysis

Correct

[..B..] Answers:B.

Provides excellent value for the money spent. Event Tree Analysis

[..C..]

[..D..]

Meets customers’ needs more fully than competing products. Unwanted Incident

A. F.

Hazards [..E..]

E. Causes

Has highly visible useful benefits compared to the competition. Offers entirely new benefits that existing products do not.

[..F..]

Eliminates an important negative in existing market products. Proactive Controls

[..G..]

H. Offers a higher-quality product at a higher price. Reactive Controls

[..H..]

D.

G. Outcomes

Review Test Submission: Quiz 9 New Product Development

For the assessment of an Innovation Portfolio risk, match the consideration to the category

 Qu est ion 2

Question Product risk

Correct Match B. Our manufacturing and service delivery system…

Revenue Risk

D. Return on investment

Technology Risk

A. Our Technology Competency

Intended Market Risk

C. The competency of our competitors (incumbents or potential entrants)

 Question 3 Match the "Real Win Worth-It" headings with their activities.

Question

Correct Match

Is the Product Real?

A. Is there a clear product concept?

Is Investment worth it today?

F. Are forecasted returns greater than costs?

Can the company win?

B. Can we understand and respond to the market?

Does it make Strategic Sense?

E. Does the product fit our overall growth strategy?

Can the product win?

C. Can the product advantage be sustained?

Is the Market Real?

D. Is there a need or desire for the product?

 Question 4 Which of the following deliverables are examined by a Gate Review Committee for a product that has just completed the “Build the Business Case” stage prior to the product entering the "Development" stage? (select all correct answers)

Correct Answers Market research studies that define the customer’s needs, wants, and preferences. : Competitive analysis Concept testing to validate the product concept Detailed technical appraisal of the technical feasibility of the project A manufacturing (operations or source of supply) appraisal Definition of the winning new product including target market definition, product concept, positioning strategy, benefits to be delivered, the value proposition, and product attributes, requirements and high-level specifications. A detailed business case and financial analysis involving a discounted cash flow approach (NPV and IRR), complete with sensitivity analysis to look at possible downside risks. A high level project plan

Review Test Submission: Quiz 10 - Integrated Project Team  Question 1

0.25 out of 0.25 points

Concurrent Engineering ... (select all correct answers) Selected Answers:

Starts all tasks as early as possible. Empowers individuals and teams to participate in defining the objectives of their work. Uses Integrated Project Teams to resolve problems as they are discovered. Makes lasting decisions in a single trade-off space Develops trust among team mates and strives for team consensus. Is a major effort and can become unwieldy if the concurrent engineering spans too much of the design lifecycle.



Question 2 0.25 out of 0.25 points

Engineering Design Risk ... (select all correct answers) Selected Answers:

Assesses the risk from engineering activities to project scope, time and cost Assesses the risk from engineering activities to the product's overall technical integrity Identifies high-risk areas and critical parameters early in the project. Helps direct resources by providing insight into potential consequences to allow for informed project decision-making. Identifies and tracks actions to minimize engineering risk and ensure resolution of key issues. Considers risks due to the uncertainty of the outcome of an engineering activity



Question 3 0.25 out of 0.25 points

Innovation in Design - match the description with its label Question

Selected Match

Creative Design ...

D. ... starts with an abstract decomposition of the design problem into a set of levels that represent choices for the problem. An existing or obvious plan for the

problem does not exist. Innovativ e Designs ...

C. ...the decomposition of the problem is known, but the alternatives for each of its sub-parts do not exist, and must be synthesized. The Design might be an original or unique combination of existing components. A certain amount of creativity comes into play.

Routine designs ...

A. ...an existing or obvious plan of the solution exists. The sub-parts and alternatives are known in advance, perhaps as the result of either a creative or innovative design process. Involves finding the appropriate alternatives for each sub-part that satisfies the given constraints.

Redesign ...

B. ... an existing design is modified to meet the required changes in the original functional requirements.



Question 4 0.25 out of 0.25 points

An Integrated Project Team (IPT) versus a Work Group select the correct description for the areas marked A, B, C, D, E, F, G in the table below.

A. Leader among peers B. Individual and mutual as a team C.

The group's purpose is subject to little change D. Open-ended discussion and active problem solving involving the entire team is essential E. Important meetings with absent team members can have serious consequences F. Measures performance by task completion and quality of individual outputs G. Team discusses, decides and delegates to various team members