DEAERATOR

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Presentation

Start

Spray-type Deaerator

Stork Thermeq BV

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Presentation

Stork Spray-type Deaerator

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General

Construction

Conclusion

Deaerating process steps (1)

Principle

Performance

Application

Step

Item

1

Spray-device

Function 

100% heating up



Partial deaeration



Cooling steam to saturation temperature



Steam distribution



Feedwater storage (no heating up)



Relief of non-condensable gases



Finalization of deaeration

Venting

2

Steam Charging Device (SCD)

Comparison - Lay-out - Operation

Retrofit

3

Vessel

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General

Performance

Comparison - Lay-out - Operation

Retrofit

Construction

Conclusion

Deaerating process steps (2)

Principle

Venting

Application

•

sprayer

•

steam

•

vessel

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General

Application

Construction

Conclusion

Required temperature difference for O2 < 10 ppb

Principle

35

Performance

Venting

Comparison - Lay-out - Operation

Retrofit

   )    C    °    ( 30   e   c   n 25   e   r   e    f 20    f    i    d   e   r 15   u    t   a   r 10   e   p   m 5   e    T 0 0

2

4

6

O2-content at inlet (mg/l)

8

10

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General

Application

Construction

Conclusion

Typical vent-flow range

Principle

upto 1200 T/H and high O2 at inlet

100

Performance

Venting

Comparison - Lay-out - Operation

   )    h    / 90   g    k    ( 80   r   e70   y   a   r 60   p   s   r 50   e   p40   w   o30    l    f    t   n20   e    V

10 0

Retrofit

0

2

4

6

Operating pressure (bara)

8

10

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General

Application

Typical layout

Venting

Comparison - Lay-out - Operation

Retrofit

Conclusion

Comparison; layout

Principle

Performance

Construction

Cascade or Spray/tray-type Deaerators

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General

Application

Venting

Stork Spray-type

Cascade Spray/tray-type

No vent condenser

Vent condenser or high losses

One vessel:

Storage vessel + top tank:

•

1 top platform

•

more platforms

•

min. insulation

•

extended insulation

•

min. piping

•

balance lines, more length

•

easy erection

•

erection both tanks and piping

•

low total height

•

extra total height top tank

•

earthquake optimal

•

Comparison - Lay-out - Operation

Retrofit

Conclusion

Comparison; layout

Principle

Performance

Construction

forces top tank to storage vessel critical for earthquake-design

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General

Principle

Application

Venting

Comparison - Lay-out - Operation

Retrofit

Conclusion

Comparison; layout Stork Spray-type

Performance

Construction

Cascade Spray/tray-type

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General

Application

Stork Spray-type

Venting

•

•

•

Comparison - Lay-out - Operation

Retrofit

Conclusion

Comparison; operation

Principle

Performance

Construction

heating-up with standard steamrake operating range > 1:30 no pressure difference in steam area

Cascade Spray/tray-type •

additional heating storage tank required

•

operating range max. 1:4

•

pressure difference storage vessel and top tank at high loads

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General

Application

Stork Spray-type •

Venting •

Comparison - Lay-out - Operation

Retrofit

Conclusion

Comparison; operation

Principle

Performance

Construction

•

water saturated with rising pressure; easy control simple pressure control rate pressure decrease limited by NPSH feedwater pump

Cascade Spray/tray-type •

•

•

water subcooled with rising pressure; sensitive control

pressure control + feedforward rate pressure decrease is a critical item in design top tank

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General

Principle

Application

Construction

Conclusion

Retrofit spray-tray to Stork design Cascade-type Deaerator before retrofit

Performance

Stork Spray-type Deaerator after retrofit Venting

Comparison - Lay-out - Operation

Retrofit

 ® 

General

Application

Conclusion

Media

Media

Flow to be deaerated Ranges

Construction

condensate / feedwater make-up / demin. water

Heat supply to deaerator superheated steam Conventional

saturated steam wet steam (.. 90 %) HRSG

steam/water mixture (.. 1% steam) hot water (flashing in internals)

Vacuum

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General

Application

Construction

Conclusion

Ranges

Media

0.2  – 1.0 bara

Vacuum to 1.3 bara

1.2  – 20 bara

Overpressure

2  – 120 T/H

Type DN150; spring

7  – 450 T/H

Type DN250; spring

60  – 660 T/H

Type 600; disc

120  – 1320 T/H

Type 1200; disc

600  – 6000 T/H

5x type 1200; disc

Diameter

1.6  – 5.0 m

Normal range

Length

Limits of workshop

Site assembly possible

Pressure Ranges

Capacity Conventional

HRSG

Vacuum

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General

Application

Stork

Media

Ranges

Conventional

Construction

From CR Bypass operation

Condensate

HRSG

Vacuum

To HP- heaters

Conclusion

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General

Application

Construction

Conclusion

Deaerator LP-drum

Media

Condensate / LP- Steam make-up water

Ranges

HRSG 

Conventional

Evaporator  HRSG

Heat source: Water / steam mixture

Vacuum

Economizer 

To drum

Natural / forced circulation

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General

Application

Construction

Conclusion

Deaeration by ECO-water

Media

LP- Steam = 0 Ranges

HRSG 

Conventional

HRSG

Condensate / make-up water

Vacuum

Heat source: Hot Eco-water Economizer 

To drum

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General

Application

Construction

Conclusion

Vacuum operation with gas

Media

Vacuum venting

LP- Steam = 0

Ranges HRSG 

Conventional

Gas fired 

60 °C

Condensate / make-up water

HRSG

Vacuum

Economizer 

Heat source: Steam / Hot Eco-water To drum

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General

Application

Construction

Conclusion

Overpressure with oil

Media

LP- Steam supply Ranges HRSG 

Conventional

Oil fired 

135 °C

Condensate / make-up water

HRSG

Vacuum

Economizer 

Heat source: Steam / Hot Eco-water To drum

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General

Application

Construction

Conclusion

Material selection

Material •

Vessel

Carbon steel

Steam charging device

Carbon steel (principal)

PWHT •

Sprayers

Stainless steel

(erosion, high water content) Internals

•

Flow baffles

Carbon steel

•

Spray baffle

Carbon steel

•

Sprayer

Stainless steel

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General

Application

Conclusion

Post Weld Heat Treatment

Materials

Client requirement

Quality Saving on maintenance costs

PWHT

Sprayers

Construction

Obligation

Code requirement Dependent on wallthickness

Internals

Stork advice

Optimal measure against cracking based on worldwide experience

Relevant standards

NACE, VGB, S42

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General

Application

Disc type Materials

PWHT

Sprayers

Internals

Construction

Conclusion

Spring type

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General

Materials

PWHT

Sprayers

Internals

Application

Disc type

Construction

Conclusion

Spring type (new)

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General

Construction

Conclusion

Stork deaerator

Materials

PWHT

Application

Standard design: Y-type steamrake

Sprayers

Internals

Alternative & combination A / H type

Vortex beaker

Spray baffle

Large baffle

Small baffle

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Investing in deaerators you want

Attractive prices

Flexible design, minimum height

Minimize the maintenance budget

Satisfaction on your decision for years and years

Stork spray-type Deaerators

 ® 

End of Presentation

End

Stork Thermeq BV