DC Circuits 1
August 29, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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FFD65;54 < NCNKXTGKFC O^JHFMNJHFC 6
HK Kgrkugts Fjfcysgs
52 [nptnmdnr 4568
Ncnktrgkgty Cfw
4
Dfsgk Kgrkugts
[gmpcn Kgrkugt K`jsgst `o< F p`wnr s`urkn. F ousn `r f kgrkugt drnfanr. F swgtkb. F c`fh. F k`jhukt`r.
C`fh
+ [wgtkb
K`jhukt`r
-
Ousn 48 48_ _ s`urk n
;
Dfsgk Kgrkugts
@pnj fjh Kc`snh Kgrkugts
Kc`snh kgrkugt - `jn k`jtgju`us pftb or`m or`m `jn `o tbn s`urkn tnrmgjfcs, tnrmgjfcs, tbr`uib tbn c`fh fjh dfka t` tbn `tbnr tnrmgjfcs. @pnj kgrkugt - fjy gjtnrruptg` gjtnrruptg`j j `r drnfa drnfa gj tbn pftb. pftb. [b`rt kgrkugt - tbnrn gs f pftb o`rm o`rm `jn s`urkn s`urkn tnrmgjfc t` t` tbn `tbnr wgtb`ut pfssgji tbr`uib tbn c`fh.
8
Dfsgk Kgrkugts
>
@bm‗s Cfw
@bm‗s Cfw stftnh tbft<
Xbn kurrnjt gjt`fjtbn ncnktrgkfc kgrkugt)gsfjh hgrnktcy pr`p`rtg`jfc NMO (v`ctfin (v`ctfin) gjvnrsncy pr`p`rtg`jfc t` tbn rnsgstfjkn g.n.
6 v`ct kfusns 6 fmpnrn t` oc`w tbr`uib f rnsgstfjkn `o 6 `bm.
?
@bm‗s Cfw
6 v`ct kfusns 6 fmpnrn t` oc`w tbr`uib f rnsgstfjkn `o 6 `bm.
9
@bm‗s Cfw
@bm‗ss Cfw nquftg`j gs, @bm‗ _ G
= -----T
wbnrn,
G = kurrnjt gj fmpnrn _ = v`ctfin gj v`ct T = rnsgstfjkn gj `bms
Xbgs cfw kfj hntnrmgjn, tbn k`rrnkt sgzn fjh cnjitb `o wgrns t` dn usnh gj
f kgrkugt. tbn pr`pnr sgzns `o ousns fjh kgrkugt drnfanrs fjh mfjy `tbnr hntfgcs `o f kgrkugt.
2
@bm‗s Cfw
X` ogjh v`ctfin X` ogjh kurrnjt X` ogjh rnsgstfjkn
< _ =G x T < G =_ / T < T =_ / G
_ G
T
Go tbn v`ctfin fppcgnh t` f igvnj kgrkugt gs h`udcnh, tbn kurrnjt wgcc dn h`udcnh. Go tbn rnsgstfjkn gs h`udcnh fjh tbn v`ctfin rnmfgjs tbn sfmn, tbn kurrnjt wgcc rnhuknh t` `jn-bfco.
7
@bm‗s Cfw _ G
T
Go tbn v`ctfin fppcgnh t` f Go tbn rnsgstfjkn gs h`udcnh fjh tbn v`ctfin rnmfgjs tbn sfmn, tbn kurrnjt wgcc rnhuknh t` `jn-bfco `jn-bfco..
igvnj kgrkugt gs h`udcnh, tbn kurrnjt wgcc dn h`udcnh.
65
@bm‗s Cfw
[nrgns HK Kgrkugts.
F snrgns kgrkugt k`jtfgj `jcy `jn ncnktr`j pftb.
Fcc kurrnjt must pfss tbr`uib nfkb ujgt `o tbn kgrkugt.
Go `jn ujgt `o snrgns kgrkugt sb`uch dn durjnh `ut, `r `pnj, tbn njtgrn kgrkugt wgcc j` c`jinr rnkngvn kurrnjt.
66
@bm‗s Cfw
[nrgns Tnsgst`r Kgrkugts.
Xbn kurrnjt gs tbn sfmn gj fcc pfrts `o tbn kgrkugt. G XX = G 6 = G 4 4 = G ; ;
Xbn t`tfc v`ctfin nqufcs tbn sum `o tbn v`ctfins fkr`ss tbn hgoonrnjt pfrts `o tbn kgrkugt. _ XX = _ 6 + _ 4 4 + _ ; ;
Xbn t`tfc rnsgstfjkn nqufcs tbn sum `o tbn gjhgvghufc rnsgstfjkns gj tbn kgrkugt. T XX = T 6 + T 4 4 + T ; ;
64
@bm‗s Cfw
Xbn kurrnjt gs tbn sfmn gj fcc pfrts `o tbn kgrkugt. GX = G6 = G4 = G; 6;
@bm‗s Cfw
Xbn t`tfc v`ctfin nqufcs tbn sum `o tbn v`ctfins fkr`ss tbn hgoonrnjt pfrts `o tbn kgrkugt. _ XX = _6 + _4 + _; 68
@bm‗s Cfw
Xbn t`tfc rnsgstfjkn nqufcs tbn sum `o tbn gjhgvghufc rnsgstfjkns gj tbn kgrkugt. TX = T6 + T4 + T; 6>
@bm‗s Cfw
_`ctfin Hgvghnr 6?
@bm‗s Cfw
_`ctfin Hgvghnr
[nvnrfc rnsgst`rs frn k`jjnktnh gj snrgns fjh k`jjnktnh fkr`ss tbn p`wnr s`urkn, gt wgcc krnftn f v`ctfin hr`p fkr`ss nfkb rnsgst`r t` o`rm f v`ctfin hgvghnr kgrkugt (v`ctfin hgvgsg`j).
T6
_6
F v`ctfin hgvghnr kfj pr`vghns v`ctfins `j ngtbnr sghn `o ir`ujh `r rnonrnjkn v`ctfin (ngtbnr + `r -).
T4
_4
_`ctfin Hgvghnr 69
@bm‗s Cfw
Ufrfccnc HK Kgrkugts. M`rn tbfj `jn pftb o`r tbn t bn ncnktr`js t` oc`w. _`ctfin _`ctfi n gs tbn sfmn fkr`ss fjy `o tbn pftb. Xbn kurrnjt tbr`uib nfkb pftb gs gjvnrsncy pr`p`rtg`jfc t` tbn rnsgstfjkn `o tbn pftb. Xbn t`tfc rnsgstfjkn `o tbn kgrkugt gs cnss tbfj tb fj tbn c`wnst rnsgstfjkn gj f kgrkugt. M`st wghncy usnh kgrkugt frrfjinmnjt g.n. fgrkrfot c`fhs. Go `jn k`mp`jnjt ofgcs, gt bfs j` noonkt `j tbn `tbnrs.
62
@bm‗s Cfw
Ufrfccnc Kgrkugt
67
@bm‗s Cfw
Ufrfccnc Tnsgst`r Kgrkugts. Xbn t`tfc kurrnjt suppcgnh t` tbn jntw`ra nqufcs tbn sum `o tbn kurrnjts gj tbn vfrg`us drfjkbns. G XX = G 6 + G 4 4 + G ; ;
Xbn v`ctfin fkr`ss f pfrfccnc k`mdgjftg`j gs tbn sfmn fs tbn v`ctfin fkr`ss nfkb drfjkb. _ XX = _ 6 = _ 4 4 = _ ; ;
Xbn rnkgpr`kfc `o tbn nqugvfcnjt rnsgstfjkn nqufcs tbn sum `o tbn rnkgpr`kfcs `o tbn drfjkb rnsgstfjkns. 6/T XX = 6/T 6 + 6/T 4 4 + 6/T ; ;
45
@bm‗s Cfw
GX = G6 + G4 + G; 46
@bm‗s Cfw
_ X X = _6 = _4 = _; 44
@bm‗s Cfw
TX = Ur`hukt
TX = T
[um
j 6/TX = 6/T6 + 6/T4 + 6/T;
4;
@bm‗s Cfw
[nrgns-Ufrfccnc [nrgns-Ufr fccnc Jntw`ras (K`mpcnx Kgrkugt)
K`jsgst `o d`tb snrgns fjh pfrfccnc kgrkugts g.n. pfrfccnc rnsgst`rs k`jjnktnh gj snrgns wgtb `tbnr rnsgst`rs.
48
@bm‗s Cfw
F rnsgst`r jntw`ra tbft gs f k`mdgjftg`j `o pfrfccnc fjh snrgns kfj s`mntgmns dn dr`anj up gjt` smfccnr pfrts tbft frn ngtbnr `jn `r tbn `tbnr. Xbn sfmn rucns usnh t` hntnrmgjn v`cts, fmpnrns fjh fj h rnsgstfjkn o`r snrgns fjh pfrfccnc kgrkugts. Xypgkfccy, nfsgnst t` stfrt ft tbn pfrfccnc drfjkb ogrst, tbfj fhh up t` tbn snrgns.
4>
Agrrkb Ag kbb` b`oo‗ oo‗ss Cfw Cfw
Agrkb`oo‗ss Kurrnjt (Ogrst) CCfws Agrkb`oo‗ fws (A (AKC) KC) stftnh tbft<
Xbn fcindrfgk sum `o tbn kurrnjts ft fjy lujktg`j `o k`jhukt`rs gj f kgrkugt gs znr`. GX = G6 + G4 + G; + …… `r
GX - G6 - G4 - G; = 5
Xbn fm`ujt `o kurrnjt ku rrnjt oc`wgji fwfy or`m f p`gjt gj f kgrkugt gs nqufc t` tbn fm`ujt oc`wgji t` tbft p`gjt.
4?
Agrrkb Ag kbb` b`oo‗ oo‗ss Cfw Cfw
Xbn fm`ujt `o kurrnjt oc`wgji fwfy or`m f p`gjt gj f kgrkugt gs nqufc t` tbn fm`ujt oc`wgji t` tbft p`gjt.
GX = G6 + G4 + G; + …… `r GX - G6 - G4 - G; = 5 49
Agrrkb Ag kbb` b`oo‗ oo‗ss Cfw Cfw
Agrkb`oo‗s _`ctfin ([nk`jh) Cfws (A_C) stftnh tbft<
Xbn fcindrfgk sum `o tbn fppcgnh v`ctfin fjh tbn v`ctfin hr`p fr`ujh fjy kc`snh kgrkugt gs nqufc t` znr`. _X = _6 + _4 + _; + …
`r
_X - _ 6 - _ 4 - _; = 5
Xbn v`ctfin fkr`ss nfkb c`fh must dn d n nxfktcy tbn sfmn fs tbn v`ctfin suppcgnh dy tbn s`urkn.
42
Agrrkb Ag kbb` b`oo‗ oo‗ss Cfw Cfw
_X = _6 + _4 + _; + … `r
_X - _6 - _4 - _; = 5
Xbn v`ctfin fkr`ss nfkb c`fh must dn nxfktcy tbn sfmn fs tbn v`ctfin suppcgnh dy tbn s`urkn. 47
Ybnftst`jn Drghin
Ybnftst`jn Drghin
Uurp`sn gs t` mnfsurn ujaj`wj rnsgstfjkn wgtb irnft prnkgsg`j. ^sn gj g j tnmpnrfturn gjhgkftg`j g.n. g.n . kfrdurnt`r fgr, fgr, kfdgj fgr ntk ^sn znr` knjtnr skfcn mntnr (ifcvfj`mntnr) dntwnnj p`gjt F fjh D tbus kurrnjt kfj oc`w gj ngtbnr hgrnktg`j.
;5
Ybnftst`jn Drghin
Drghin gs dfcfjknh, wbnj tbnrn gs j` p`tnjtgfc hgoonrnjkn dntwnnj p`gjt F fjh D mnfjs j` kurrnjt oc`w tbr`uib t br`uib tbn mntnr mntnr.. Xbgs dy Tfhlustgji tbn T; go gs T6h`jn , T4 fjh u gs aj`wj vfcun rnsgstfjkn.
T6
+
T4
F
D
T^
T;
;6
Ybnftst`jn Drghin T6 = 65A `bm, T4 = 6A `bm, T; = 4>5 `bm, ogjh T^ go tbn drghin gs sfgh t` dn dfcfjknh
;4
Ybnftst`jn Drghin Nxfmpcn Ogjh tbn ujaj`wj rnsgstfjkn (Tu) go T6=65A, T4=6A, T;=4>5`bm wbnj tbn drghin gs dfcfjknh. T6 T4 ---- = ---Tu
T;
Xbnrno`rn 1 Tu = T6 x T; = 65 x 5.4> T4
= 4.>A
6 ;;
Ybnftst`jn Drghin Ogjh tbn ujaj`wj vfcun `o T^ wbnj tbn drghin gs sfgh t` dn dfcfjknh
;8
Ybnftst`jn Drghin
Ybnftst`jn Drghin fs f Xnmpnrfturn [njs`r F
T6
Xnmp. Ducd (Tnsgstfjkn Ducd) T4 655 @bm
655 @bm
66.2_ 6;.4_ 664 @bm
655 @bm F T4
T6 T8 T8 655 @bm
D
T; 655 @bm
-
+ 4>_
Ybnftst`jn Drghin ft dfcfjknh
T^ D
655 @bm 64.>_
655 @bm 64.> _
-
+ 4>_
Ybnj tnmpnrfturn gjkrnfsn, tnmpnrfturn ducd rnsgstfjkn gjkrnfsn, tbus drghin ujdfcfjknh. Kurrnjt oc`w tbr`uib gjstrumnjtftg`j
;>
Ybnftst`jn Drghin
T4
T6
-
T6, T4 fjh T; wgcc dn fhlustnh ^jtgc tbn mntnr dfcfjkn. * Xbn rnsgstfjkn vfcun `o d`jhgji lumpnr gs tbn sum `o fcc tbrnn rnsgst`rs.
+
T;
D`jhgji Lumpnr
;?
Gjtnrjfc Tnsgstfjkn
Gjtnrjfc Tnsgstfjkn gj f U`wnr [uppcy (Dfttnrgns)
Gjtnrjfc rnsgstfjkn mfgjcy hun t` tbn ncnktr`cytn. Gts vfrgns wgtb tnmpnrfturn fjh k`jknjtrftg`j `o tbn ncnktr`cytn. Xbn cfrinr f kncc gs k`jstruktnh, tbn irnftnr tbn ncnktr`hn k`jtfkt frnf wgtb tbn ncnktr`cytn, fjh tbus tbn cnss gjtnrjfc rnsgstfjkn gt wgcc bfvn.
;9
Gjtnrjfc Tnsgstfjkn
Gjtnrjfc Tnsgstfjkn gj f U`wnr [uppcy (Injnrft`rs)
Gjtnrjfc rnsgstfjkn mfgjcy hun t` tbn rnsgstfjkn `o tbn wgrns wbgkb o`rm tbn gjtnrjfc wgjhgjis.
Gjtnrjfc Tnsgstfjkn gj f U`w U`wnr nr [uppcy (Ncnktr`jgks)
Gjtnrjfc rnsgstfjkn mfgjcy hun t` tbn rnsgstfjkn `o tbn k`mp`jnjts wgtbgj tbn t bn p`wnr suppcy supp cy..
;2
Gjtnrjfc Tnsgstfjkn Gjtnrjfc rnsgstfjkn `o f kncc must dn c`w fs p`ssgdcn tbus cnss v`ctfin c`st. KC@[NH Kgrkugt< Xnrmgjfc _`ctfin = Nmo Nmo ‛ C` C`st st v`c v`cts. ts. @UNJ Kgrkugt< Xnrmgjfc _`ctfin = Nmo Nmo .
;7
Gjtnrjfc Tnsgstfjkn
85
Gjtnrjfc Tnsgstfjkn
X` k`jstrukt f dfttnry wgtb c`wnr gjtnrjfc rnsgstfjkn tbfj wbft `jn kncc kfj pr`vghn (o`r irnftnr kurrnjt kfpfkgty), wn sb`uch bfvn t` k`jjnkt tbn knccs t`intbnr gj pfrfccnc.
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