DAMPAK-lingkungan-akibat-sampah (1).ppt

DAMPAK LINGKUNGAN Vs. SAMPAH

Oleh: PM PSLP PPSUB Soemarno, 2011

P!MASALAHAN LINGKUNGAN AKIBA" SAMPAH

KSHA"AN LINGKUNGAN# MAS$A!AKA"

KUALI"AS LINGKUNGAN %ISIKO&KIMIA

KUALI"AS LINGKUNGAN BIOLOGI

P!MASALAHAN LINGKUNGAN AKIBA" SAMPAH

KSHA"AN LINGKUNGAN# MAS$A!AKA"

KUALI"AS LINGKUNGAN %ISIKO&KIMIA

KUALI"AS LINGKUNGAN BIOLOGI

SAMPAH ' BAHAN $ANG "IDAK B!GUNA

SAMPAH ' SUMB!DA$A KONOMI

BUANGLAH SAMPA SAMPAH H PADA "MPA"N$A

KUMPULKAN SAMPAH PADA "MPA"N$A

PN(MA!AN UDA!A AKIBA" SAMPAH

BAU BUSUK ASAP , BIO&GAS &B!BAHA$A

"e)ra*loro *loroe)+len e)+len *loro-orm *loro-orm:: %e)o&)o*s+*  %e)o&)o*s+*  1.1."e)ra 2.Benene Benene Me)+l&e)+l&*e)on Me)+l&e)+l&*e)on m/r+o&)o*s+*  2. :: m/r+o&)o*s+*  .Me)+len&*lor+a, Me)+len&*lor+a,Kloro&/enene: Kloro&/enene: Per*em/anan Per*em/anan3an+n 3an+n . 4.(H4 (H4&&&&&& &&&&&&(O2 (O2&&&&&& &&&&&&H2(O H2(O 4. NH&&&&&& &&&&&&NH4NO NH4NO H53anAsam Asam NH H53an H2S &&&&&& &&&&&&H2SO4 H2SO4 H2S 6.Ba5 Ba5B5s5* B5s5*sam7ah sam7ah Dam7a*emos+onal emos+onalmas8ara*a) mas8ara*a) 6. :: Dam7a*

KUALI"AS UDA!A: ODO!  VISUAL

K5r9a -5ns+onal O  V Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.;

Pleasan) oor La=*+n oor

sampah

0.4 0.2

disagreeable

0.0

 

V+s5al M+=ros=ale? Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0.

sampah 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0

0.1

0.2

0.

!a)aan  3am >0;.00 & [email protected]?, 77m

0.4

KUALI"AS UDA!A : (A!BON MONOKSIDA

K5r9a -5ns+onal >M+=ros=ale? Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0.

sampah 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0

10

20

Konsen)ras+ 1 3am , 77m

0

40

60

KUALI"AS UDA!A : OKSIDA NI"!OGN

K5r9a -5ns+onal >M+=ros=ale? Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0. 0.;

sampah

0.4 0.2 0.0

0.06 0.10 Ann5al a9erae , 77m

0.16

SAMPAH DKOMPOSISI

MN$UMBA" SALU!AN AI! 

LINDI >LA(HA"?

BOD & (OD NI"!OGN %OS%A"

PN(MA!AN AI!  BANI! 

SIKLUS KA!BON SAMPAH SAMPAH

(O2 UDA!A

( Anoran+* 

(&oran+* sol5/le >De)r+)5s?

( %+)o7lan*)on

( oo7lan*)on

(&oran+* s5s7en. >De)r+)5s?

( Se+men

KISA!AN DO DALAM AI! NO!MAL: C.1 & 14.; 77m K5r9a -5ns+onal DO Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0.

Sam7ah

0.; @ 77m : 3en5h

0.4 0.2 0.0

2

4

; 77m DO



KUALI"AS AI!: BOD

K5r9a -5ns+onal BOD Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0

Sam7ah

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S5na+ 0.2 0.0 10

20

0

40

77m BOD

60

;0

C0

KUALI"AS AI!: N& ANO!GANIK 

K5r9a -5ns+onal Kaar N&anoran+*  Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0

Sam7ah

0. 0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0

1

2

4

;



10

SIKLUS P DALAM P!AI!AN

ar+na n )anama n

Ba)5a n -os-a)

SDIMN

DIP P& anoran+* lar5)

SAMPAH SAMPAH

ar+na n /+na)an  POP  DOP 7ar)+=5la)e  +ssol9e

ar+na n

Bakteri

KUALI"AS AI!: %OS%A"& ANO!GANIK 

K5r9a -5ns+onal Kaar P&anoran+*  Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0.

sampah

0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0

0.02

0.04

0.0; 0.0 77m P

0.10

KUALI"AS AI!: "U!BIDI"AS

K5r9a -5ns+onal "U!BIDI"AS Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0.

sampah

0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0

20

40

;0

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Sa)5an "5r/++)as a=*son

100

120

140

KUALI"AS AI!: (OLI%O!M

K5r9a -5ns+onal (ol+-orm Ine*s K5al+)as 1.0 0.

sampah

0.; 0.4 0.2 0.0

101

102

MPN#100 ml

10

104

106

10;

KUALI"AS AI!: ODO!  %LOA"ING MA"!IAL K5r9a -5ns+onal Ine*s K5al+)as

sam7ah

1.0 0.

La=*+n oor

0.; No)+=ea/le

0.4 0.2 D+sareea/le

0.0 None

L+h) Moera)e %loa)+n ma)er+al

Hea98

KUALI"AS S""IKA AI!: Ea)er a77earan=e K5r9a -5ns+onal Ine*s K5al+)as

sam7ah

1.0

(lear 0. 0.;

Moera)e )5r/+

0.4 0.2 "5r/+

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Slo Moera)e %lo =hara=)er+s)+=s

Eh+)ea)er

GANGGUAN KSHA"AN LINGKUNGAN

LALA",  N$AMUK 

K(OAK 

"IKUS SAMPAH SAMPAH

(A(ING MIK!OBA

VK"O! # PA"OGN &&&&& GANGGUAN PN$AKI"

DAU! ULANG SAMPAH ANO!GANIK  Ker)as, *ar5s, *are), 7las)+*, elas, loam, ll B!NILAI KONOMI

Bahan /a*5 7roses 7ro5*s+ Pro5* F

P!ODUK F

Bahan /a*5 Proses 7ro5*s+ Pro5* $

P!ODUK $

SAMPAH O!GANIK 

PNGOLAHAN PNGOMPOSAN

KOMPOS

PAKAN "!NAK  

!($(LING MNGU!ANGI SUMB! SAMPAH

US  !US P!ODU(" (HANG

INPU" MA"!IAL (HANG

SOU!( (ON"!OL

!KLAMASI

PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH adalah pengumpulan , pengangkutan , pemr!e!an , pendaur"ulangan , atau pem#uangan dar$ mater$al !ampah% Pengert$an $n$ #$a!an&a menga'u pada mater$al !ampah &g d$ha!$lkan dar$ keg$atan manu!$a, dan #$a!an&a d$kella untuk mengurang$ dampakn&a terhadap ke!ehatan, l$ngkungan atau ke$ndahan% Pengellaan !ampah (uga d$lakukan untuk memul$hkan !um#er da&a alam % Pengellaan !ampah #$!a mel$#atkan )at padat , 'a$r , ga! , atau rad$akt$* dengan metda dan keahl$an khu!u! untuk ma!$ng ma!$ng (en$! )at%

Sumber: http://duniarumah.blogspot.com/2010/10/apa-itu-pengolahansampah.html

Hierarchy of aste !anagement 3he 45 concept of a "aste management hierarchy6 "hereby "aste pre#ention and re-use are #ie"ed as the most desirable options for managing "astes "ith the least desirable option considered being landfill. 3he o#erall intent of these  policy statements is to mo#e 'rish "aste management a"ay from landfill into those options that feature in the upper echelons of the hierarchy. http://""".en#irocentre.ie/$ontent.asp%&'()*+,,0+ bc0-,fa-*e+-cb+,d*+0*'()1accea-eec,,cdf-b0,-ceeacb,d

(7!4S3'$ 8S34S 89( 834 7;;53'79 (omestic "aste is classified as a  point source of pollution6 because the "aste"ater from homes and commercial establishments is often directly emitted into bodies of "ater. (omestic "aste can #ary from cleaning products6 to household things used by regular people. 3hese pollutants can pose a high risk on a large scale. hen these domestic liter is mi%ed in "ith the clean en#ironment6 the pollution and our "ater can be combined into a #ery deadly mi%.

http://t-1contaminant.blogspot.com/2010/0/introduction-"ater-is-essential-to-our.html

(7!4S3'$ 8S34S 89( 834 7;;53'79

4ffects of "ater pollution are the death of marine organisms in ri#ers and oceans uantities of nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates enter an a>uatic en#ironment. Sources of these nutrients include animal "astes6 agricultural runoff6 and se"age. 3he ecosystem >uickly e%periences an increase in  photosynthetic and blue-green algae6 as these organisms thri#e in the presence of the added nutrients. 8n algae bloom occurs as the algae accumulates into dense6 #isible patches near the surface of the "ater6 prohibiting light from penetrating deeper areas of lake or stream. Some fish are unable to sur#i#e "ithout this light6 but for them an e#en more serious problem arises "hen the algae begin to die.

(ON"!OLLING U"!OPHI(A"ION

3he follo"ing is a list of methods that can be used to control eutrophication: 1.planting #egetation along streambeds to slo" erosion and absorb nutrients 2.controlling application amount and timing of fertili?er .controlling runoff from feedlots ,.researching use of biological controls@ for e%ample6 the process of denitrification uses speciali?ed bacteria that con#ert nitrates to harmless molecular nitrogen