Dalmatian Grammar

Dalmatian grammar

Dalmatian grammar This article outlines the grammar of the Dalmatian language.

Alphabet ABČDEFGIJKLMNOPQRSTUVZY

Nouns A Dalmatian noun has a gender (masculine or feminine) and is inflected for number (singular or plural). The plural is formed with the ending -i for masculine and -e for feminine nouns.

Articles The indefinite article is yoin (one), whose feminine form is yoina. Examples: • yoina kuosa - one house, a house • yoin jomno - one man, a man The definite article for masculine nouns is el in singular and i in plural. The definite article for feminine nouns is la in singular and le in plural. Before place names in the dative case, the articles are used in the forms in tel, in tela, in teli and in tele or abbreviated as nel, nela, neli and nele. Examples: • • • • • •

Če sant el ? - What is it? La sant yoina kuosa. - It is a house. Jo sant la kuosa ? - Where is the house? La kuosa sant in tela Čituot. - The house is in the city. Jo sant el Juarbol ? - Where is the tree? El Juarbol sant in tel buasc. - The tree is in the wood.

Adjectives The adjectives are used before nouns and also have masculine and feminine gender and singular and plural number. Examples: • Maura kuosa - Big house • La maura kuosa - The big house • Briv kavul - Fast horse • El briv kavul - The fast horse

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Dalmatian grammar

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Pronouns Personal pronouns Singular Person Pronoun Meaning First

ju

I

Second te

thou

Third

jal

he

jala

she

Plural Person Pronoun Meaning First

nu

we

Second vu

ye

Third

jali

they

jale

they

Oblique personal pronouns Singular Person Pronoun Meaning First

me/main me

Second toi

thee

Third

joi

him

joe

her

Plural Person Pronoun Meaning First

Possessive pronouns Singular

noi

us

Second voi

you

Third

them

jai

Dalmatian grammar

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Person Pronoun Meaning First

mi/maja

my

Second to/toa

thy

Third

de jal

his

de jala

her

Plural Person First

Pronoun

Meaning

nuester/nuestra our

Second vester/vestra

your

Third

de jali

their

de jale

their

Prepositions • • • • • • •

in - in bas de - below de - of da - from, of dri - behind saupra - on alič - at

Verbs The Dalmatian language does not distinguish between the continuous and simple forms. The present tense is formed from the personal pronoun, the infinitive stem, and the present endings: Singular 1. -a, -uo 2. -e 3. -a, -uo Plural 1. -aime 2. -aite 3. -a, -uo Example: favular (to speak) Singular 1. Ju favula (I speak, I am speaking) 2. Te favule (Thou speakest, thou art speaking) 3. Jal favula (He speaks, he is speaking) Plural 1. Nu favulaime (We speak, we are speaking) 2. Vu favulaite (Ye speak, ye are speaking)

Dalmatian grammar 3. Jali favula (They speak, they are speaking) The past tense is formed from the personal pronoun, the infinitive stem, the suffixes -ua or -oua, and the present endings. Singular 1. Ju favlua (I was speaking, I spoke) 2. Te favlue (Thou wast speaking, thou spokest) 3. Jal favlua (He was speaking, he spoke) Plural 1. Nu favluaime (We were speaking, we spoke) 2. Vu favluaite (Ye were speaking, ye spoke) 3. Jali favlua (They were speaking, they spoke) The future tense is formed from the infinitive form (ending in -ar, -ur, or -ro) and the future endings: Singular 1. -e 2. -e 3. -e Plural 1. -me 2. -te 3. -e Examples: Singular 1. Ju favulare (I shall speak) 2. Te favulare (Thou wilt speak) 3. Jal favulare (He will speak) Plural 1. Nu favularme (We shall speak) 2. Vu favularte (Ye will speak) 3. Jal favulare (They will speak) The passive is formed from the past participle (ending in -ait, -oit, or -uat) and the prefixes joi or jai. Examples: 1. joi nascoit (is born) 2. jai glazait (is frozen) 3. joi talyuat (is cut) The Dalmatian language has also a conditional form: • Sta nuat el foit en maur gheluat, kve tota la jakva joi glazait. • Last night it was so cold, and all water has been frozen. The imperative is formed from the infinitive stem and endings: • -ai - second person singular • -aite - second person plural Examples: • duai! - give!

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Dalmatian grammar • vedai ! - look! The imperative can also be formed from the imperative form of the verb "to be" and the infinitive: • Saime vedar - Let us go • Sait fuot - Let it be The verb "to be": Infinitive: Saite Singular 1. Ju sai 2. Te sante 3. Jal sant Plural 1. Nu saime 2. Vu saite 3. Jali sant

Adverbs Adverbs of place and direction: • • • • •

luc - here cauc - there sois - upwards sote - under dri - behind

Adverbs of time: • • • • •

aninč - before dapu - after diatremun - then junkaura - against, still adias - now

Links • http://dalmatianlanguage.yolasite.com/grammar.php

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Article Sources and Contributors

Article Sources and Contributors Dalmatian grammar  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=471471977  Contributors: Cgboeree, Dalmatiaforce, Khazar, Mblumber, Novalis, RPlunk2853, The wub, Tyrael86, Wuhwuzdat, 14 anonymous edits

License Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported //creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

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