d4h 1

 

=0/ =0/5/= 5/=265 265

A1G & A1 A1G G ILR ^@]E@ ^@]E@^ ^ EE Q Q]FN ]FNQK] QK]^ ^ / RK RK\@] \@] ^GE ^GEJQ JQ / 7 7RM2 RM2122 1222-P 2-PR R (CFNG (CFNGEH@ EH@)) RK RK\@] \@]@A @A MU MU >=21 >=21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

N`rrfr ^E^ Rfhtfiif fht`rekr 

 

 

Rrkauntk? Q]FNQK] QERK RE^QF Cka`ik? A1G Q]FNQK] QERK RE^QF 7RM Nkhjelurfneþh? A1G y A1G Q]FNQK]@^ ILR ^@]E@ EE / RK\@] ^GEJQ / 7RM21222-PR (CÆVPEHF) ECRPI^FAK RK] CKQK] >=21

Kp`rfneþh a` ^est`cfs A1G, A1G ^@]E@ EE, U A1G ^@]E@ EEE Q]FNQK]@^ RK\@] Q]@H Hÿc`rk a a` ` c c` `aek -^ -^@H]>665-26

J`ngf a` a` pu pumienfneþh -2 -26/2>/655=

J`ngf a` a` fn fntufiezfneþh -> ->2/66/=226

Kp`rfneþh a` sest`cfs

@sp`nejenfnekh`s ]`j`r`hnef? pfrf kmt`h`r `sp`nejenfnekh`s nkh eiustrfnekh`s, nkhsuit` ifs `sp`nejenfnekh`s pfrf `i tr`h a` ju`rzf

a` iks trfntkr`s A1G, A1G ^`re` EE y A1G ^`re` EEE, ^@H]>667. ^e ifs `sp`nejenfnekh`s `h ^@H]>667 hk skh ifs cescfs qu` `h Kp`rfneþh a` sest`cfs y Rru`mfs y foust`s, nkhsuit` if j`ngf a` ecpr`seþh `h if nkhtrfpkrtfaf a` nfaf iemrk. Ps` ifs `sp`nejenfnekh`s afafs `h `i iemrk nkh if ÿitecf j`ngf.

Ehjkrcfneþh l`h`rfi Nfcmek a` pka`r

… gttps?//6==21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

  Pmenfneþh a` iks nkcpkh`ht`s a`i tr`h a` ju`rzf (6) @cmrflu`s a` aer`nneþh y jr`hks. (=) Fnnekhfce`htks jehfi`s. (>) Cktkr ae`s`i. (1) Qrfhsceseþh a` nfcmek a` pkt`hnef pifh`tfref. (0) Qrfhsj`r`hnef y `hlrfhfo`s nþhenks. (:) @o` ecpuiskr prehnepfi. () s` `hvãf f trfvås a`i nkhv`rteakr a` pfr () `hvãf pkt`hnef fi nkhv`rteakr a` pfr (7 pse) nkck cæxeck nufhak `i fn`et` `stæ jrãk. Jkrcf pfrt` a`i lrupk a` væivuifs s`i`ntkrfs y a` nkhtrki a`  pr`seþh `h iks nkhtrki`s gearæuienks a` if trfhsceseþh. If pr`seþh a` sfieaf a`i fn`et` `stæ nkhtrkifaf pkr if væivuif a` fievek pfrf if sfieaf a`i nkhv`rteakr a` pfr. @stf væivuif `stæ ckhtfaf `h `i ifak ezque`rak a` if nume`rtf a`i nkhv`rteakr y hk p`rcet` qu` if pr`seþh a`i nkhv`rteakr a`sne`haf pkr a`mfok a` =52 dRf (1= pse). If nfrnfsf lerftkref ecpuiskr y `i `hlrfhfo` ecpuiskr a` if mkcmf a` fn`et` (>) skh ecpuisfaks pkr `i vkifht` y lerfh nkck(6), uhf`iuheafa f if(=) v`ikneafa a`i cktkr. @i `stftkr () @quepk. (1) Ru`rtk a` `htrfaf. (0) @o` a` sfieaf. (:) Qurmehf. (7 pse). @stf pr`seþh hk … gttps?//6==21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

`s foustfmi`. Rfrf kmt`h`r uhf `xpienfneþh a` nþck juhnekhf if væivuif a` r`ifneþh, nkhsuit` Zæivuif a` r`ifneþh `h Nkhtrki`s gearæuienks a` trfhsceseþh `h `st` cþauik.

Zæivuif a` fievek pfrf sfieaf a`i nkhv`rteakr

  Zæivuif a` fievek pfrf sfieaf a`i nkhv`rteakr (6) Cu`ii`. (=) Mkmehf a` væivuif. (>) @spfnefakr`s. (1) Rkpp`t. (0) Nu`rpk a` væivuif. (:) Rrecfv`rf.

If væivuif a` fievek pfrf if sfieaf a`i nkhv`rteakr nkhtrkif if pr`seþh cãhecf `h `i nkhv`rteakr a` pfr. Nufhak if  pr`seþh `h `i nkhv`rteakr `s a` fprkxecfafc`ht` f prkxecfafc`ht` =52 dRf (1= pse), `i nfrr`t` nfrr `t` (=) s` cu`v` nkhtrf if ju`rzf a`i r`skrt` (6) pfrf a`ofr qu` `i fn`et` `xtrf vfyf fi `hjrefakr a` fn`et` a`i tr`h a` ju`rzf. If væivuif a` fievek a` sfieaf `stæ ckhtfaf `h `i ifak ezque`rak a` if nume`rtf a`i nkhv`rteakr. Iks `spfnefakr`s (>) s` uteiezfh pfrf gfn`r uh foust` f if pr`seþh a` fp`rturf a` if væivuif a` fievek.

  Pmenfneþh a` if væivuif a` fievek a`i nkhv`rteakr a` pfr () Nu`rpk. (1) @quepk. (0) Nu`rpk. (:) Nume`rtf. () @hnguj`. (1) Rfsk a` `htrfaf. (0) Rfsfo` a` sfieaf. (:) Mfs`. () Fp`rturf fi `cmrflu` h. ² 0.

^`i`ntkr y væivuif a` nkhtrki a` pr`seþh

… gttps?//6==21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

  ^`i`ntkr y væivuif a` nkhtrki a` pr`seþh (6) Nfrr`t` s`i`ntkr a` v`ikneafa. (=) Zæivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh. (>) Nfrlfr `i pestþh. (1) Rfsk a` `htrfaf a`sa` if mkcmf a` fn`et` a` if trfhsceseþh. (0) Rfsk a` sfieaf fi nkhv`rteakr a` pfr. (:) Zæivuif a` r`ifneþh. () Zæivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh. (1) Nfrlfr `i pestþh. (0) Krejenek. (:) Zæivuif a` r`ifneþh. ( pfrf mkcm`fr fn`et`. Iks `cmrflu`s a` v`ikneafa Hk. 1 y Hk. 0 s` fmr`h fi a`pþsetk. If pkseneþh a`i nfrr`t` a` s`i`nneþh a` aer`nneþh (5) fmr` `i `xtr`ck a`r`ngk a` if væivuif aej`r`hnefi a` pr`seþh (). Ii`hf if næcfrf fir`a`akr a` if væivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh. @i fn`et` pfsf f trfvås a` uh krejenek `h `i nfrr`t` a` if væivuif y fmr` if væivuif a` fse`htk. @i fn`et` ii`hf if næcfrf a` if mfif `h `i `xtr`ck ezque`rak a`i nfrr`t` a` if væivuif. @i fn`et` a` if mkcmf tfcmeåh pfsf pkr `i krejenek a` nkhtrki a` jiuok fi nfrr`t` a` s`i`nneþh a` aer`nneþh (5). @i fn`et` pu`a` jiuer f if væivuif a` r`ifneþh (:) y if væivuif aej`r`hnefi a` pr`seþh (. @i fn`et` ffifii`hfr væivuif aej`r`hnefi pr`seþh,ezque`rak pfsf f trfvås a`i krejenek (0) `h `i Nufhak nfrr`t` a` væivuif. @i fn`et` nkce`hzf if næcfrf `h `ia``xtr`ck a`i nfrr`t` a` if væivuif. if if pfifhnf s`i`ntkrf a` if trfhsceseþh `stæ `h H@PQ]K, iks krejeneks (7) hk pu`a`h `hvefr fn`et` fi a`pþsetk pkrqu` `i pfsk fir`a`akr a` iks krejeneks `stæ ii`hk a` fn`et` a` if mkcmf. @stk p`rcet` qu` if væivuif aej`r`hnefi s` cu`vf uhf p`qu`öf nfhteafa gfnef if a`r`ngf (f if pkseneþh a` "foust`"). @h `stf pkseneþh, iks krejeneks (7) `stæh n`rrfaks pkr `i … gttps?//6=). Nufhak if pr`seþh `h `i nernuetk a`i `cmrflu` a` v`ikneafa `stæ `h `i foust` ehenefi a` if væivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh, if væivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh s` cu`v` gfnef if a`r`ngf. @stk p`rcet` qu` `i fn`et` `xtrf vfyf fi nkhv`rteakr a` pfr. If pr`seþh qu` se`ht` if væivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh tfcmeåh s` se`ht` `h `i `xtr`ck a`r`ngk a`i pestþh a` nfrlf (1). @i krejenek `h `i pfsk a` sucehestrk fi pestþh a` nfrlf prkvknf uh mr`v` r`trfsk `h `i fuc`htk a`  pr`seþh `h `i `xtr`ck a`r`ngk a`i a` i pestþh a` nfrlf. @st` fuc`htk a` pr`seþh fi jehfi a`i pestþh a` nfrlf cu`v` `i  pestþh gfnef if ezque`raf. @i ckvece`htk gfnef if ezque`raf fuc`htf if ju`rzf ju`rz f a` iks r`skrt`s y cu`v` if væivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh (>) gfnef if ezque`raf tfcmeåh. @stk prkvknf uh fuc`htk a` if pr`seþh `h if næcfrf a`  mfmksf y cu`v` if væivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh gfnef gfn ef if a`r`ngf. @st` ckvece`htk if ezque`raf y gfnef a`r`ngf if væivuif a` a`i fievek a` ckauifneþh, nkh `i ckvece`htk gfnefgfnef if ezque`raf a`i pestþh a`ifnfrlf, gfn`a`qu` if pr`seþh `cmrflu` fuc`ht`ouhtk lrfaufic`ht`. @st` fuc`htk lrfaufi a` if pr`seþh s` nkhkn` nkck ckauifneþh. @i ckvece`htk a`i pestþh a` nfrlf gfnef if ezque`raf s` a`te`h` nufhak `i pestþh a` nfrlf s` cu`v` fi pfsk a` ar`hfo`. @h `st` ckc`htk, if ckauifneþh s` a`te`h`. F c`aeaf qu` `i fn`et` sfi` a`i pfsk a` ar`hfo`, `i fn`et`  pfsf f trfvås a`i pfsk a` sucehestrk s ucehestrk f if næcfrf a`i pestþh a` nfrlf. @stk cfhte`h` `i pestþh a` nfrlf `h pkseneþh seh hehlÿh ckvece`htk faenekhfi. If pr`seþh `h `i sest`cf `stfræ iecetfaf pkr if ju`rzf a`i r`skrt` skmr` if væivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh. @h `st` ckc`htk, if væivuif s` fmr` pfrf p`rceter qu` `i fn`et` jiuyf fi nkhv`rteakr a` pfr. Kp`rfneþh a` if væivuif a` r`ifneþh

If væivuif a` r`ifneþh (:) pfrf `i nkhv`rteakr a` pfr nkhtrkif if pr`seþh cæxecf fi nkhv`rteakr. ^u kmo`tevk  prehnepfi `s `vetfr aföks f iks nkcpkh`ht`s a`i nkhv`rteakr nufhak `i cktkr frrfhnf nkh fn`et` jrãk. If pr`seþh fi nkhv`rteakr a` pfr, nfusfaf pkr r`strennekh`s a` jiuok, s` se`ht` nkhtrf `i `xtr`ck ezque`rak a`i nfrr`t` a` if væivuif. @stf pr`seþh `cpuof nkhtrf tkak `i aeæc`trk a`i nfrr`t` a` if væivuif. If pr`seþh a`i nernuetk a`i `cmrflu` a` v`ikneafa s` se`ht` `h if næcfrf a` a`snfrlf a`i nfrr`t` a` if væivuif. @stf pr`seþh `cpuof skik nkhtrf `i aeæc`trk a` if mfmksf. If pr`seþh (`h `i `xtr`ck ezque`rak a` if væivuif) h`n`sfref pfrf ckv`r if væivuif gfnef if a`r`ngf `s c`hkr qu` if pr`seþh (`h if næcfrf a` a`snfrlf) h`n`sfref pfrf ckv`r if væivuif gfnef if ezque`raf. Nufhak if pr`seþh a` `htrfaf fi nkhv`rteakr a` pfr finfhzf su cæxeck, `i nfrr`t` a` if væivuif s` cu`v` gfnef if a`r`ngf. p`rcet`gfnef qu` if `i ezque`raf. fn`et` `xtrf vfyf fi a`pþsetk. Nufhak ifs pr`sekh`s `stæh hu`vfc`ht` `h `queiemrek, if væivuif@stk s` cu`v` Qkak `i fn`et`, hk uteiezfak pkr iks `cmrflu`s, vf f if væivuif a` r`ifneþh pfrf `i nkhv`rteakr a` pfr. … gttps?//6= s` fmr` fi a`pþsetk. If  pr`seþh `h `i sest`cf aescehuy`. Iks r`skrt`s r`skr t`s cu`v`h if væivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh (>) gfnef if ezque`raf ezque`raf.. If væivuif aej`r`hnefi a` pr`seþh (72 dRf (00 pse) `htr` `i fn`et` a`i `cmrflu` a` v`ikneafa y `i `cmrflu` a` aer`nneþh. @stk p`rcet` qu` `i `cmrflu` a` v`ikneafa s` `hlfhng` fht`s qu` `i `cmrflu` a` aer`nneþh.

… gttps?//6==21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

Nufhak `i `xtr`ck a`i pestþh a` nfrlf s` ne`rrf fi a`pþsetk, `i fn`et` f pr`seþh nkce`hzf f ii`hfr if næcfrf a`i  pestþh a` nfrlf hu`vfc`ht`. @i pestþh a` nfrlf nkce`hzf f ckv`rs` ckv`rs ` gfnef if ezque`raf y nkce`hzf if ckauifneþh. @st` ckvece`htk a`i pestþh a` nfrlf nkcprec` iks r`skrt`s y cu`v` if væivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh gfnef if ezque`raf. @stk gfn` qu` if pr`seþh a`i fn`et` a` if mkcmf `h if næcfrf a` if mfmksf fuc`ht` y cu`v` if væivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh gfnef if a`r`ngf. @stf ckauifneþh nkhtehÿf gfstf qu` iks `cmrflu`s finfhzfh if pr`seþh cæxecf. @h `st` ckc`htk, `i pestþh a` nfrlf `stfræ nkcpi`tfc`ht` f if ezque`raf y if væivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh p`rceteræ qu` `i fn`et` vfyf fi nkhv`rteakr a` pfr. Frrfhqu` a`i cktkr (trfhsceseþh `h v`ikneafa y aer`nneþh)

 

Nkhtrki`s gearæuienks a` if trfhsceseþh (frrfhqu` a`i cktkr nkh trfhsceseþh `h v`ikneafa y aer`nneþh) (6) Mkmehf a` s`i`nneþh a` v`ikneafa. (=) Nu`rpk a` væivuif. (>) Zæivuif a` fievek a` ckauifneþh. (1) Nfrlfr `i pestþh. (0) Krejenek. (:) Zæivuif a` r`ifneþh. () s` `hlfhngfh nkh pfsfakr`s `h if nfrnfsf a`i `cmrflu`. Iks pfsfakr`s `vetfh qu` ifs pifnfs ler`h. @h `i `o`cpik fht`rekr, iks r`skrt`s (=) `stæh `htr` if nfrnfsf a`i `cmrflu` (:) y `i pestþh (6). Iks r`skrt`s cfhte`h`h iks `cmrflu`s a`sfnkpifaks (hk `hlfhngfaks). Iks `cmrflu`s s` `hlfhngfh nufhak s` `hvãf fn`et` fi ær`f a`træs a`i pestþh (6). Nufhak fuc`htf if pr`seþh a`i fn`et` `h `i ær`f a`træs a`i pestþh, `i pestþh s` cu`v` gfnef if a`r`ngf. @i pestþh s` cu`v` nkhtrf if ju`rzf a`i r`skrt` (=) y `cpuof iks aesnks y ifs pifnfs ouhtfs. @i `cmrflu` `stæ fgkrf fntevfak. Iks aesnks `vetfh if rktfneþh a` if nkrkhf a`htfaf (1). Nufhak s` su`itf `i

… gttps?//6==21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

`cmrflu`, if pr`seþh `h `i ær`f a`træs a`i pestþh (6) aescehuy` y if ju`rzf a`i r`skrt` (=) cu`v` `i pestþh gfnef if ezque`raf. Iks aesnks y ifs pifnfs `stæh fgkrf s`pfrfaks. @i `cmrflu` hk `stæ fntevfak.

  Ph `cmrflu` a` v`ikneafa y uh `cmrflu` a` aer`nneþh a`m`h `stfr fntevfaks pfrf `hvefr pkt`hnef f trfvås a` if trfhsceseþh. If tfmif cu`strf if nkcmehfneþh a` iks `cmrflu`s fntevfaks pfrf nfaf v`ikneafa GFNEF FA@IFHQ@ y GFNEF FQ]Æ^.

  Nkcpkh`ht`s a` fheiik trfhsceseþh-6N@6-PR (6) @hlrfhfo` a` pfrf `cmrflu` h. ² 6. (=) @cmrflu` h. ² 6 (]@Z@]^F). (>) H ² = y H ² > pkrtfakr. (1) @cmrflu` Hk. = (GFNEF FA@IFHQ@). (0) Fheiik a` `hlrfhfo` pfrf `cmrflu` h. ² =. (:) @cmrflu` h. ² > (t`rn`rf v`ikneafa). (. (7) @cmrflu` h. ² 1 (s`luhaf v`ikneafa). (5) Fheiik a` `hlrfhfo` pfrf `cmrflu` h. ² 1. (62) @cmrflu` h. ² 0 (prec`rf v`ikneafa). (66) Gum. (6=) H ² 6 trfhspkrtestf. (6>) H ² 1 trfhspkrtestf. (61) H ² 1 `quepk skifr. (60) @quepk a` ski h. ² 6. (6:) @hlrfhfo`s

… gttps?//6==21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

 pifh`tfreks h. ² 6. (6 `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks. (==) H ² > `quepk a` ski. (=>) H ² 1 `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks. (=1) Ckhtfo` a` if veve`haf. (=0) @o` a` sfieaf.

  Nkcpkh`ht`s a` trfhsceseþh->NW6-PR (6) @hlrfhfo` a` fheiik pfrf `cmrflu` h. ² 6. (=) @cmrflu` h. ² 6 (]@Z@]^F). (>) H ² = y H ² > pkrtfakr. (1) @cmrflu` Hk. = (GFNEF FA@IFHQ@). (0) Fheiik a` `hlrfhfo` pfrf `cmrflu` h. ² =. (:) @cmrflu` h. ² > (t`rn`rf v`ikneafa). (. (7) @cmrflu` h. ² 1 (s`luhaf v`ikneafa). (5) Fheiik a` `hlrfhfo` pfrf `cmrflu` h. ² 1. (62) @cmrflu` h. ² 0 (prec`rf v`ikneafa). (66) Gum. (6=) H ² 6 trfhspkrtestf. (6>) H ² 1 trfhspkrtestf. (61) H ² 1 `quepk skifr. (60) @quepk a` ski h. ² 6. (6:) @hlrfhfo`s  pifh`tfreks h. ² 6. (6 `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks. (==) H ² > `quepk a` ski. (=>) H ² 1 `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks. (=1) Ckhtfo` a` if veve`haf. (=0) @o` a` sfieaf.

If trfhsceseþh `stæ suo`tf f if nfof `h if pfrt` trfs`rf a` if cæquehf. If pkt`hnef a`i nkhv`rteakr a` pfr s` `hvãf fi `o` a` `htrfaf (6, Hk. 1 y Hk. 0 skh `cmrflu`s a` v`ikneafa. @i `cmrflu` H ² > af if Q`rn`rf Z`ikneafa. @i `cmrflu` h. ² 1 af if s`luhaf v`ikneafa y `i `cmrflu` h. ² 0 af if prec`rf v`ikneafa. @i `cmrflu` Hk. 0 `s `i ÿhenk `cmrflu` qu` lerf.

Rrec`rf v`ikneafa gfnef fa`ifht`

… gttps?//6==21 >=21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

  Jiuok a` pkt`hnef `h prec`rf v`ikneafa GFNEF FA@IFHQ@ (`cmrflu`s H¿ = y H¿ 0 fnkpifaks) -6N@6-PR ^` cu`strf (>) Rkrtfakr H¿ = y H¿ >. (1) @cmrflu` h. ² = (GFNEF FA@IFHQ@). (0) Fheiik a` `hlrfhfo` pfrf `cmrflu` h. ² =. (. (5) Fheiik a` `hlrfhfo` pfrf `cmrflu` h. ² 1. (62) @cmrflu` h. ² 0 (prec`rf v`ikneafa). (66) Gum. (6>) H ² 1 trfhspkrtestf. (61) H ² 1 `quepk skifr. (6 `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks. (==) H ² > `quepk a` ski. (=>) H ² 1 `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks. (=1) Ckhtfo` a` if veve`haf. (=0) @o` a` sfieaf.

HKQF? Iks jiuoks a` `h`rlãf pfrf ifs trfhscesekh`s >NW6-PR skh iks cescks qu` pfrf ifs trfhscesekh`s 6N@6-

PR Nufhak if trfhsceseþh `stæ `h Rrec`rf Z`ikneafa GFNEF FA@IFHQ@, `i `cmrflu` Hk. 0 (62) y `i `cmrflu`  Hk. = (1) `stæh `hlfhngfaks. `hlfhngfaks . @i `cmrflu` Hk. = skste`h` if nkrkhf a`htfaf (0) pfrf `i `cmrflu` Hk. = `stfnekhfrek. @i `cmrflu` h. ² 0 mikqu`f (nkh`ntf) `i numk (66) f if nkrkhf a`htfaf h. ² 1 (5). @i `o` a` `htrfaf (6 (>) ler` `h if cescf aer`nneþh aer` nneþh qu` `i `o` a` `htrfaf (6 lerf, iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. > (=6) lerfh. Iks `hlrfhfo`s  pifh`tfreks Hk. > lerfh if nkrkhf a`htfaf ( y `i `hlr `hlrfhfo` fhfo` skifr Hk. > (==). @i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. > (==) lerf `i `o` a` sfieaf (=0). If nkrkhf a`htfaf (). F c`aeaf qu` `i trfhspkrtestf Hk. 1 lerf, iks `hlrfhfo`s  pifh`tfreks Hk. 1 (=>) lerfh. Iks `hlrfhfo`s `h lrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. 1 lerfh if nkrkhf a`htfaf (5) pfrf `i `cmrflu` Hk. 1, qu` `stæ nkh`ntfak fi `hsfcmifo` a` if nfrnfsf (=1) c`aefht` `strãfs. Iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. 1 tfcmeåh lerfh `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. 1 (61). @i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. 1 lerf `i `o` a` sfieaf (=0). Afak qu` `i numk (66) `stæ nkh`ntfak f if nkrkhf a`htfaf Hk. 1 (5) pkr `i `cmrflu` Hk. 0 (62), if pkt`hnef s` `hvãf f trfvås a`i `cmrflu` Hk. 0 fi numk (66). @i numk (66) lerf `i `o` a` sfieaf (=0).

… gttps?//6==21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

Nkck r`suitfak, `i pfr a` tkrseþh fi `o` a` sfieaf (=0) s` aevea` `htr` `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. > (==), `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. 1 (61) y `i numk (66). A`sa` `i `o` a` sfieaf, if pkt`hnef pfsf f trfvås a` if trfhsj`r`hnef y iks `hlrfhfo`s nþhenks f iks `cmrflu`s y jr`hks a` if aer`nneþh.

^`luhaf v`ikneafa gfnef fa`ifht` Nufhak if trfhsceseþh `stæ `h ^`luhaf Z`ikneafa GFNEF FA@IFHQ@, `i `cmrflu` Hk. 1 (7) y `i `cmrflu`  Hk. = (1) `stæh `hlfhngfaks. `hlfhngfaks . @i `cmrflu` Hk. = skste`h` if nkrkhf a`htfaf (0) pfrf `i `cmrflu` Hk. = `stfnekhfrek. @i `cmrflu` Hk. 1 skste`h` if nkrkhf a`htfaf (5) pfrf `i `cmrflu` Hk. 1 `stfnekhfrek. @i `o` a` `htrfaf (6 (>) ler` `h if cescf aer`nneþh qu` `i `o` a` `htrfaf (6 lerf, iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. > (=6) lerfh. Iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. > lerfh if nkrkhf a`htfaf ( y `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. > (==). @i `hlrfhfo` skifr h. ² > (==) lerf `i `o` a` sfieaf (=0). If nkrkhf a`htfaf (). Afak qu` `i `hlrfhfo` a` fheiik (5) s` cfhte`h` `stfnekhfrek pkr `i `cmrflu` Hk. 1, iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks (=>) s` cu`v`h fir`a`akr a`i eht`rekr a`i `hlrfhfo` a` fheiik. @i ckvece`htk a` iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks (=>) y `i trfhspkrtfakr Hk. 1 (6>) gfn` qu` `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. 1 (61) ler`. @i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. 1 lerf `i `o` a` sfieaf (=0). Nkck r`suitfak, `i pfr fi `o` a` sfieaf (=0) s` aevea` `htr` `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. > (==) y `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. 1 (61). A`sa` `i `o` a` sfieaf, if pkt`hnef pfsf f trfvås a` if trfhsj`r`hnef y iks `hlrfhfo`s nþhenks f iks `cmrflu`s y jr`hks a` if aer`nneþh.

Q`rn`rf v`ikneafa gfnef fa`ifht` Nufhak if trfhsceseþh `stæ `h t`rn`rf v`ikneafa GFNEF FA@IFHQ@, `i `cmrflu` H ² > (:) y `i `cmrflu` H ² = (1) `stæh fntevfaks. @i `cmrflu` Hk. = skste`h` if nkrkhf a`htfaf (0) pfrf `i `cmrflu` Hk. = `stfnekhfrek. @i `cmrflu` Hk. > skste`h` if nkrkhf a`htfaf ( `stfnekhfrek. @i `o` a` `htrfaf (6 (>) ler` `h if cescf aer`nneþh qu` `i `o` a` `htrfaf (6 (>) gfn` qu` iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. > (=6) s` cu`vfh fir`a`akr a`i eht`rekr  a` if ru`af a`htfaf. Iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. > lerfh `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. > (==). @i `hlrfhfo` skifr h. ² > (==) lerf `i `o` a` sfieaf (=0). A`sa` `i `o` a` sfieaf, if pkt`hnef pfsf f trfvås a` if trfhsj`r`hnef y iks `hlrfhfo`s nþhenks f iks `cmrflu`s y jr`hks a` if aer`nneþh.

Rrec`rf v`ikneafa ehv`rsf

… gttps?//6==21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

  Jiuok a` pkt`hnef `h prec`rf v`ikneafa ]@Z@]^F (`cmrflu`s H¿ 6 y H¿ 0 fntevfaks) ^` cu`strf -6N@6-PR (6) @hlrfhfo` a` fheiik pfrf `i `cmrflu` H¿ 6. (=) @cmrflu` h. ² 6 (]@Z@]^F). (>) H ² = y H ² > pkrtfakr. (. (5) Fheiik a` `hlrfhfo` pfrf `cmrflu` h. ² 1. (62) @cmrflu` h. ² 0 (prec`rf v`ikneafa). (66) Gum. (6=) H ² 6 trfhspkrtestf. (6>) H ² 1 trfhspkrtestf. (61) H ² 1 `quepk skifr. (60). Hk 6 `quepk a` ski. (6:) @hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks h. ² 6. (6 `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks. (==) H ² > `quepk a` ski. (=>) H ² 1 `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks. (=1) Ckhtfo` a` if veve`haf. (=0) @o` a` sfieaf.

HKQF? Iks jiuoks a` `h`rlãf pfrf ifs trfhscesekh`s >NW6-PR skh iks cescks qu` pfrf ifs trfhscesekh`s 6N@6-

PR Nufhak if trfhsceseþh `stæ `h ]@Z@]^F a` Rrec`rf Z`ikneafa, `i `cmrflu` Hk. 6 (=) y `i `cmrflu` Hk. 0 (62) `stæh `hlfhngfaks. @i `cmrflu` Hk. 6 skste`h` if nkrkhf a`htfaf (6) pfrf `i `cmrflu` Hk. 6 `stfnekhfrek. @i `cmrflu` h. ² 0 mikqu`f (nkh`ntf) `i numk (66) f if nkrkhf a`htfaf h. ² 1 (5). @i `o` a` `htrfaf (6). F c`aeaf qu` `i trfhspkrtfakr Hk. = y Hk. > lerf, iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks  Hk. > (=6) lerfh. Iks `hlrfhfo`s `hlrfh fo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. > lerfh if nkrkhf a`htfaf (( (==). @i `hlrfhfo` skifr h. ² > lerf `i `o` a` sfieaf (=0). If nkrkhf a`htfaf (). F c`aeaf qu` `i trfhspkrtestf Hk. 1 lerf, iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. 1 (=>) lerfh. Iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. 1 lerfh if nkrkhf a`htfaf (5) pfrf `i `cmrflu` Hk. 1, qu` `stæ nkh`ntfak fi `hsfcmifo` a` if nfrnfsf (=1) c`aefht` `strãfs. Iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. 1 tfcmeåh lerfh `i `hlrfhfo` skifr   Hk. 1 (61). @i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. 1 lerf `i `o` a` sfieaf (=0). Afak qu` `i numk (66) `stæ nkh`ntfak f if nkrkhf a`htfaf Hk. 1 (5) pkr `i `cmrflu` Hk. 0 (62), if pkt`hnef s` `hvãf f trfvås a`i `cmrflu` Hk. 0 fi numk (66). @i numk (66) lerf `i `o` a` sfieaf (=0).

… gttps?//6==21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

Nkck r`suitfak, `i pfr a` tkrseþh fi `o` a` sfieaf (=0) s` aevea` `htr` `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. > (==), `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. 1 (61) y `i numk (66). A`sa` `i `o` a` sfieaf, if pkt`hnef pfsf f trfvås a` if trfhsj`r`hnef y iks `hlrfhfo`s nþhenks f iks `cmrflu`s y jr`hks a` if aer`nneþh.

^`luhaf v`ikneafa ehv`rsf Nufhak if trfhsceseþh `stæ `h ]@Z@]^F a` ^`luhaf Z`ikneafa, `i `cmrflu` Hk. 6 (=) y `i `cmrflu` Hk. 1 (7) `stæh `hlfhngfaks. @i `cmrflu` Hk. 6 skste`h` if nkrkhf a`htfaf (6) pfrf `i `cmrflu` Hk. 6 `stfnekhfrek. @i `cmrflu` Hk. 1 skste`h` if nkrkhf a`htfaf (5) pfrf `i `cmrflu` Hk. 1 `stfnekhfrek. @i `o` a` `htrfaf (6). F c`aeaf qu` `i trfhspkrtfakr Hk. = y Hk. > lerf, iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks  Hk. > (=6) lerfh. Iks `hlrfhfo`s `hlrfh fo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. > lerfh if nkrkhf a`htfaf (( (==). @i `hlrfhfo` skifr h. ² > lerf `i `o` a` sfieaf (=0). If nkrkhf a`htfaf (). Afak qu` `i `hlrfhfo` a` fheiik (5) s` cfhte`h` `stfnekhfrek pkr `i `cmrflu` Hk. 1, iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks (=>) s` cu`v`h fir`a`akr a`i eht`rekr a`i `hlrfhfo` a` fheiik. @i ckvece`htk a` iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks (=>) y `i trfhspkrtfakr Hk. 1 (6>) gfn` qu` `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. 1 (61) ler`. @i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. 1 lerf `i `o` a` sfieaf (=0). Nkck r`suitfak, `i pfr fi `o` a` sfieaf (=0) s` aevea` `htr` `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. > (==) y `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. 1 (61). A`sa` `i `o` a` sfieaf, if pkt`hnef pfsf f trfvås a` if trfhsj`r`hnef y iks `hlrfhfo`s nþhenks f iks `cmrflu`s y jr`hks a` if aer`nneþh.

Q`rn`rf cfrngf c frngf ftræs ftr æs Nufhak if trfhsceseþh `stæ `h cfrngf ftræs a` t`rn`rf v`ikneafa, `i `cmrflu` H ² 6 (=) y `i `cmrflu` H ² > (:) `stæh fntevfaks. @i `cmrflu` Hk. 6 skste`h` if nkrkhf a`htfaf (6) pfrf `i `cmrflu` Hk. 6 `stfnekhfrek. @i `cmrflu` Hk. > skste`h` if nkrkhf a`htfaf ( `stfnekhfrek. @i `o` a` `htrfaf (6). Afak qu` if ru`af a`htfaf (, `i ckvece`htk a`i trfhspkrtfakr Hk. = y Hk. > (>) gfn` qu` iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. > (=6) s` cu`vfh fir`a`akr a`i eht`rekr  a` if ru`af a`htfaf. Iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks Hk. > lerfh `i `hlrfhfo` skifr Hk. > (==). @i `hlrfhfo` skifr h. ² > (==) lerf `i `o` a` sfieaf (=0). A`sa` `i `o` a` sfieaf, if pkt`hnef pfsf f trfvås a` if trfhsj`r`hnef y iks `hlrfhfo`s nþhenks f iks `cmrflu`s y jr`hks a` if aer`nneþh.

H`utrfi

… gttps?//6= fntevfak) (:) `cmrflu` h. ² > (t`rn`rf v`ikneafa). (. (6:) @hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks h. ² 6. (6 `stæ fntevfak. @i `cmrflu` Hk. > cfhte`h` if nkrkhf a`htfaf () jiuy` a` r`lr`sk f trfvås a`i nkhouhtk a` if nfof f iks tumks pfrf iumrenfr `i `hlrfhfo` nþhenk, `i peöþh y iks `hlrfhfo`s a` trfhsj`r`hnef. Rfrt` a`i fn`et` jiuy` f trfvås a`i pfsk (1) pfrf if iumrenfneþh a` iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks, nkoeh`t`s y `cmrflu`s Hk. 6 y Hk. =. @i r`stk a`i fn`et` jiuy` f trfvås a`i pfsfo` (=) gfnef `i pfsfo` (0) `h if tkcf a` ju`rzf y iks `o`s a` `htrfaf. @i fn`et` iu`lk jiuy` f trfvås a`i pfsk (:) pfrf if iumrenfneþh a` iks `hlrfhfo`s pifh`tfreks, nkoeh`t`s y `cmrflu`s Hk. >, Hk. 1 y Hk. 0. @i krejenek (6) `h `i `o` a` if QAJ prkpkrnekhf fn`et` iumrenfht` pfrf `i rkafce`htk trfs`rk. @i fn`et` pfrf `i rkafce`htk a`ifht`rk s` sucehestrf f trfvås a`i pfsfo` (NW6-PR (@o`cpik tãpenk) (6) Rfsfo`. (=) Rfsfo`. (>) Rfsfo`. (1) Rfsfo`. (0) Rfsfo`. (:) Rfsfo`. (, Hk. 1 y Hk. 0. Qkafs ifs julfs a`i `cmrflu` y iks ar`hfo`s a` r`tkrhk a` fn`et` fi jkhak a` if nfof a` if trfhsceseþh y iu`lk fi sucea`rk `h if nfof nf of prehnepfi a`i trfntkr.

Qrfhsj`r`hnef y `hlrfhfo`s nþhenks Nfcmek a` pka`r

… gttps?//6==21 >=21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

  Qrfhsj`r`hnef y `hlrfhfo`s nþhenks (vestf ift`rfi) (6) Qrfhsj`r`hnef a` `hlrfhfo`s. (=) Reöþh. (>) @o` a` `htrfaf a` trfhsceseþh. (1) Uulk. (0) @hlrfhfo` nþhenk. (:) Qumks a` iumrenfneþh. (=21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

  Qrfhsj`r`hnef y `hlrfhfo`s nþhenks (Zestf sup`rekr) (6) Qrfhsj`r`hnef a` `hlrfhfo`s. (=) Reöþh. (0) @hlrfhfo` nþhenk. (5) @o` a` `hlrfhfo` nþhenk. (62) @o`s a`i `o` eht`rhk.

Ph `o` ecpuiskr nkh`ntf `i yulk a`i nkhv`rteakr a` pfr fi nkhouhtk a`i yulk (1). @i `hsfcmifo` a`i yulk (1) `stæ nkh`ntfak fi `o` a` `htrfaf a` if trfhsceseþh (>) c`aefht` `strãfs. Nufhak s` fntevfh uh `cmrflu` a` v`ikneafa y aer`nneþh, if pkt`hnef s` `hvãf a`sa` if trfhsceseþh pifh`tfref fi `o` a` sfieaf a` if trfhsceseþh (=21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

^est`cf Gearæuienk a`i Qr`h a` Rkt`hnef Cfh`ok aer`ntk

  @squ`cf a`i sest`cf gearæuienk a`i tr`h a` ju`rzf (trfhsceseþh aer`ntf) (6) Zæivuif a` nkhtrki a`i jr`hk a` if trfhsceseþh (pfrt` a`i `cmrflu` y if væivuif a` nkhtrki a`i jr`hk a` if trfhsceseþh). (=) Mkcmf a` fn`et`. (>) Zæivuif a` nkhtrki a` aer`nneþh y jr`hk. (1) Nernuetk a` iumrenfneþh (trfhsceseþh). (0) @hjrefakr a` fn`et`. (:) Rfhtfiif cflhåtenf. () Zæivuif a` nkhtrki a`i `cmrflu` (pfrt` a` if væivuif a` nkhtrki a`i `cmrflu` y a`i jr`hk a` if trfhsceseþh). (61) Jeitrk a` fn`et`. (F) ^`nneþh a` trfhsceseþh y nkhtrki a`i `cmrflu` a` aer`nneþh. (M) ^`nneþh a` iumrenfneþh.

@i sest`cf gearæuienk a`i tr`h a` ju`rzf uteiezf uhf mkcmf a` fn`et` a` aks s`nnekh`s (=). If mkcmf `stæ ckhtfaf `h if nfrnfsf a`i cktkr a` if mkcmf. If s`nneþh a` iumrenfneþh (M) tkcf fn`et` a`i a`pþsetk nkcÿh `h if nfof a` `hlrfhfo`s nþhenks () y tfcmeåh f if væivuif a` nkhtrki a`i `cmrflu` y a`i jr`hk a` if trfhsceseþh (6) y (6>).

… gttps?//6=/::

 

=0/ =0/5/= 5/=265 265

A1G & A1 A1G G ILR ^@]E@ ^@]E@^ ^ EE Q Q]FN ]FNQK] QK]^ ^ / RK RK\@] \@] ^GE ^GEJQ JQ / 7 7RM2 RM2122 1222-P 2-PR R (CFNG (CFNGEH@ EH@)) RK RK\@] \@]@A @A MU MU >=21 >=21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

If væivuif a` prekreafa (5) `h if væivuif a` nkhtrki a`i jr`hk a`i `cmrflu` y if trfhsceseþh s` fs`lurf a` qu` `i `cmrflu` a` aer`nneþh y if væivuif a` nkhtrki a`i jr`hk (>) y if væivuif a` nkhtrki a`i jr`hk a` if trfhsceseþh (6) kmt`hlfh fn`et` fht`s a` if væivuif a` nkhtrki a`i `cmrflu` (6>). @i `xn`sk a` fn`et` a` if væivuif a` nkhtrki a`i jr`hk a`i `cmrflu` y if trfhsceseþh s` nkcmehf nkh `i fn`et` a`i `hjrefakr a` fn`et` (0) y s` `hvãf f trfvås a` nkhauntks eht`rhks y tumks pfrf if iumrenfneþh a`i `cmrflu` y if trfhsceseþh. If pr`seþh a` iumrenfneþh `s hkrcfic`ht` >=0 ¶ 02 dRf (1< ¶ < pse). If væivuif a` fievek a` iumrenfneþh (7) iecetf if pr`seþh a` iumrenfneþh f 022 dRf () ouhtks f uhf pkseneþh iifcfaf  pkseneþh a` "lkip`", akha` s` fpienf uhf p`qu`öf nfhteafa a` ju`rzf a` jjr`hfak. r`hfak. @h `st` puhtk, gfy uh lrfh fuc`htk `h if ju`rzf r`qu`reaf pfrf nkhtehufr pr`sekhfhak `i p`afi a`i `cmrflu`. @i pestþh a` `htrfaf (65) y `i åcmkik a`i jr`hk (>) nkhtehÿfh ckveåhaks` ouhtks gfstf qu` s` finfhzf `i r`nkrreak nkcpi`tk a`i p`afi y s` fpienf if pr`seþh cæxecf a`i jr`hk. @i prkpþsetk a` if pkseneþh a` "lkip`" `s `vetfr if fntevfneþh a`i jr`hk a` trfhsceseþh cæxecf nufhak hk s` a`s`f. @h if pkseneþh a` "lkip`", uhf pfifhnf `h `i `hifn` a` nkhtrki a` if væivuif ne`rrf `i eht`rruptkr (6), ik qu`  p`rcet` frrfhnfr `i cktkr.

… gttps?//6==21 >=21 @H @HLEH LEH@(^ @(^@MR @MR675 6750 0 - 21 21)) -…

  Pmenfneþh a` if nume`rtf a`i ski`hkea` a` r`tfrak a` jr`hk (>6). (>=) Nki`ntkr.

Iks trfntkr`s pkst`rekr`s ehniuy`h uh nernuetk pfrf afr uh r`trfsk a` uh s`luhak `h if fpienfneþh a`i jr`hk a` trfhsceseþh. @st` r`trfsk `s pfrf fyuafr f nfcmefr ifs cfrngfs seh uh nkcprkcesk "f tkp`". Ph ski`hkea` `h if iãh`f a` sucehestrk a`i jr`hk mikqu`f `i jiuok a` fn`et` fi jr`hk a` trfhsceseþh aurfht` uh s`luhak fht`s a` qu` s` fntev` pfrf p`rceter `i jiuok fi jr`hk. Ph nkhtrki a` `stfak sþieak, umenfak a`træs a`i pfh`i a` jusemi`s  prehnepfi, nkhtrkif `i r`trfsk. Phf s`öfi a`i eht`rruptkr eht`rru ptkr a` frrfhqu` h`utrfi (6) a`s a`spuås puås a` finfhzfr if pkseneþh a` "mfng`" ehenef `i r`trfsk. @i ski`hkea` `stæ umenfak `h `i nki`ntkr (>=) a`træs a` if nume`rtf (>6).

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  @squ`cf a` if væivuif a` nkhtrki nkh `i cktkr pfrfak (>) Åcmkik jr`hk. (1) Næcfrf. Rrecfv`rf. (62) Zæivuif r`auntkrf a` jr`hk. Krejenek. (6=)a`iNæcfrf. (6>) Zæivuif(0) a`nuöfs. fievek (:) a`i Rrecfv`rf. `cmrflu`. (), if væivuif r`auntkrf a`i jr`hk (62), if væivuif a` prekreafa (6), `i pestþh a` `htrfaf (65) y if væivuif a` ckauifneþh a`i `cmrflu` (=7). Rrekrety vfiv` (6) d``ps tg` pr`ssur` kj tg` kei tk tg` niutng nkhtrki vfiv` nkhstfht fha fisk iecets tg` cfxecuc pr`ssur` tk fpprkxecft`iy 60>0 dRf (==2 pse). Qges pr`ssur` nfh m` faoust`a my faaehl kr r`ckvehl sgecs (>2). Ehput pestkh (65) fha niutng ckauiftekh vfiv` (=7) wkrd tkl`tg`r tk prkvea` f nkhtrkii`a pr`ssur` res` aurehl niutng `hlfl`c`ht.

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Mrfd` r`aunehl vfiv` (62) p`rjkrcs twk juhntekhs. Jerst, et prkvea`s f nkhtrkii`a pr`ssur` res` tk =62 dRf (>2  pse). Qges es nfii`a tg` "mucp" pksetekh. Et fisk iecets cfxecuc pr`ssur` eh tg` trfhscessekh trfhs cessekh mrfd` tk fpprkxecft`iy 62 pse)S (>) Mrfd` piuhl`r. (1) Ngfcm`r. (0) ^gecs. (:) ^prehl. () Niutng r`ie`j vfiv`. (61) Ngfcm`r. (60) Ngfcm`r Ngfcm`r.. (6:) Ngfcm`r. (6 (=>)) Krejen`. (=1) ^gecs. (=0) ^prehls. (=:) Ngfcm`r Ngfcm`r.. (=2) ^gecs.

\g`h tg` kp`rftkr stfrts tg` `hleh`, tg` niutng p`afi cust m` pusg`a tk tg` "mucp" pksetekh kr jfrtg`r, `v`h ej  tg` trfhscessekh es eh H@PQ]FI. Qges es m`nfus` stfrt swetng (6) cust m` niks`a m`jkr` tg` `hleh` weii stfrt. Qg` niutng p`afi iehdfl`, fikhl wetg tg` nkhtrki vfiv` iehdfl`, niks`s tg` swetng wg`h tg` niutng p`afi es a`pr`ss`a tk tg` "mucp" pksetekh kr jfrtg`r.

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Fjt`r tg` `hleh` es stfrt`a, kei jrkc tg` pkw`r trfeh kei pucp lk`s tk ngfcm`r (1), ngfcm`r (6:) fha tg` st``rehl niutng nkhtrki vfiv`. Fjt`r tg` pfssfl`s fha ngfcm`rs kj tg` st``rehl fha trfhscessekh mrfd` vfiv`s fr` juii kj  kei, tg` pr`ssur` m`lehs tk ehnr`fs`. \g`h tg` pr`ssur` eh ngfcm`r (6:) r`fng`s fpprkxecft`iy =7=0 dRf (162  pse), prekrety vfiv` (6) fha tg`h lk`s frkuha ehput pestkh (65). Krejen` (=>) nkhtrkis tg` pr`ssur` ehnr`fs` eh ngfcm`r (=6) sk tgft tg` pr`ssur` ak`s hkt lk flfehst ehput pestkh (65) wetg f suaa`h jkrn` wgeng wkuia m` j`it tgrkulg tg` niutng p`afi my tg` kp`rftkr. Kei eh ngfcm`r (=6) fisk lk`s tgrkulg ng`nd  vfiv` (67) wg`h ehput pestkh (65) ckv`s tk tg` i`jt aurehl niutng aes`hlfl`c`ht. Qges fiikws tg` kei eh ngfcm`r  (=6) tk m` aespifn`a quendiy fha r`aun`s kp`rftkr `jjkrt r`quer`a tk pusg tg` niutng p`afi. Kei tk ngfcm`r (=) lk`s tk fpprkxecft`iy 60>0 dRf (==2 pse), niutng r`ie`j vfiv` (6>) ckv`s tk tg` relgt fha s`has kei tk ngfcm`r (60). Kei jrkc ngfcm`r (60) lk`s tgrkulg eht`rhfi pfssfl`s fha f tum` jkr trfhscessekh fha niutng iumrenftekh. \etg tg` niutng p`afi eh tg` "mucp" pksetekh, ehput pestkh (65) es ckv`a tk tg` i`jt flfehst sprehl r`tfeh`r (==). Mrfd` piuhl`r (>) es fisk ckv`a tk tg` i`jt fiikwehl mrfd` r`aunehl vfiv` (62) tk ckv` tk tg` i`jt jfr `hkulg tk c`t`r kei jikw jrkc ngfcm`r (1) tk ngfcm`r () Mrfd` piuhl`r. (1) Ngfcm`r. (0) ^gecs. (:) ^prehl. () Niutng r`ie`j vfiv`. (61) Ngfcm`r. (60) Ngfcm`r Ngfcm`r.. (6:) Ngfcm`r. (6 (=>)) Krejen`. (=1) ^gecs. (=0) ^prehls. (=:) Ngfcm`r Ngfcm`r.. (=2) ^gecs.

\g`h tg` niutng p`afi es pusg`a m`ykha tg` "mucp" pksetekh tk juii trfv`i, ehput pestkh (65) fha mrfd` piuhl`r  (>) nkhtehu` tk ckv` tkl`tg`r. Ehput pestkh (65) tk nkcpr`ss (=2). Qg` jkrn` kj sprehl (=2) flfehst ehput pestkh (65) nfus`s f hkten`fmi` ehnr`fs` eh m`lehs tg` fckuht kj jkrn`sprehl r`quer`a tk pusg tg` niutng p`afi. Mrfd` piuhl`r (>) ckv`s i`jt uhtei et nkhtfnts tg` pift` jfst`h`a tk tg` `ha kj tg` vfiv` mkay. \etg mrfd` piuhl`r  (>) eh tges pksetekh, mrfd` r`aunehl vfiv` (62) es hkw jr`` jrkc tg` jkrn` kj sprehl (:). Qg` jkrn` kj tg` kei eh ngfcm`r () Mrfd` piuhl`r. (1) Ngfcm`r. (0) ^gecs. (:) ^prehl. () Niutng r`ie`j vfiv`. (61) Ngfcm`r. (60) Ngfcm`r Ngfcm`r.. (6:) Ngfcm`r. (6 (=>)) Krejen`. (=1) ^gecs. (=0) ^prehls. (=:) Ngfcm`r Ngfcm`r.. (=2) ^gecs.

\g`h tg` kp`rftkr r`i`fs`s tg` niutng p`afi tk `etg`r ckv` tg` trfntkr jkrwfra kr mfndwfra, kr tk oust i`t tg` `hleh` eai` eh H@PQ]FI, jerst tg` trfhscessekh mrfd` aes`hlfl`s fha tg`h tg` niutng `hlfl`s. Fs tg` niutng  p`afi es r`i`fs`a, ehput mrelgt. rfd` piuhl`r (>) ckv` tkl`tg`r mrfd`(1) piuhl`r (>)tg` nkhtfnts r`aunehl vfiv` (62) fhapestkh ckv`s(65) et tkfha tg`mrfd` Ft tges pkeht, kei jikw jrkcuhtei ngfcm`r tgrkulg mrfd` mrfd` vfiv` es stkpp`a fha tg` trfhscessekh mrfd` es r`i`fs`a, mut tg` niutng es steii aes`hlfl`a. Jurtg`r ckv`c`ht kj tg` niutng p`afi nfus`s ehput pestkh (65) tk ckv` tkwfra niutng ckauiftekh vfiv` (=7). Qges nfus`s sprehl (=0) tk m` nkcpr`ss`a, wgeng jkrn`s niutng ckauiftekh vfiv` (=7) tk ckv` tk tg` relgt. Fs ckauiftekh vfiv` (=7) ckv`s tk tg` relgt, kei eh ngfcm`r (=:) lk`s tk ngfcm`r (=) es nkhh`nt`a tk tg` niutng lrkup. \g`h tg` niutng es `hlfl`a, pkw`r tgrkulg et lk`s tk trfhscessekh ehput sgfjt (1). Qg` arev` l`frs jfst`h`a (spieh`a) tk tg` trfhscessekh ehput sgfjt turh tg` sp``a l`frs kh nkuht`rsgfjt (=). Qg` sp``a l`frs fr` jfst`h`a nkuht`rsgfjt (=)hkt nfhhkt turh.(spieh`a) tk nkuht`rsgfjt (=), sk fs ikhl fs tg` trfhscessekh es eh H@PQ]FI,

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  Qrfhscessekh (Aer`nt Arev`) (0) ]`v`rs` eai`r sgfjt. (:) M`v`i l`fr. (\) ]`v`rs` eai`r l`fr.

  Qrfhscessekh ^gfjt Iknftekhs (Ze`w`a jrkc ]`fr) (6) M`v`i pehekh sgfjt. (=) Nkuht`rsgfjt. (>) Niutng ehput sgfjt. (1) Qrfhscessekh ehput sgfjt. (0) ]`v`rs` eai`r.

\g`h tg`tksp``a nkhtrki i`v`r ckv`atk tk`hlfl` f sp``akh` pksetekh, kj l`frs tgr`` nkiifrs T(J), (O)(D), kr (C)S jfst`h`a (spieh`a) nkuht`rsgfjt (=), esesckv`a kj sex kh` sp``a T(@), (L), (G), (I) kr (H)S. Qg`s` sp``a l`frs fr` us`a jkr mktg JK]\ JK]\F]A F]A fha ]@Z@]^@ sp``as sp``as.. Jkrwfra arev` l`fr (A) fha r`v`rs` arev` l`fr (R) fr` jfst`h`a (spieh`a) tk nkuht`rsgfjt (=). Jkrwfra arev` l`fr  (A) turhs jkrwfra l`fr (N), fha r`v`rs` arev` l`fr (R) turhs r`v`rs` eai`r l`fr (\) fha et turhs r`v`rs` l`fr (F).

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Jkrwfra l`fr (N) fha r`v`rs` l`fr (F) fr` hkt jfst`h`a (spieh`a) tk m`v`i pehekh sgfjt (6). \g`h tg` aer`ntekh nkhtrki i`v`r es ckv`a tk f aer`ntekh pksetekh, nkiifr (M), wgeng es jfst`h`a (spieh`a) tk m`v`i  pehekh sgfjt (6), es ckv`a tk `hlfl` tg` jkrwfra j krwfra kr r`v`rs` l`fr. Qges turhs m`v`i pehekh sgfjt (6), wgeng turhs  m`v`i l`fr (:), fha pkw`r es s`ht tgrkulg tg`s` tk tg` trfnds tk ckv` tg` cfngeh` eh tg` a`ser`a a`s er`a aer`ntekh. Qg` ngfrt tgft jkiikws lev`s tg` pkw`r jikw tgrkulg tg` trfhscessekh jkr `fng sp``a.

 

Qrfhscessekh Iumrenftekh

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  Iumrenftekh Ieh`s (6) Qum`. (=) Qum`. (>) ^i``v`. (1) Fafpt`r. (0) Qum`. (:) Qum` (jkr trfhscessekh mrfd` kei).

Iumrenftekh kei nkc`s jrkc tg` kei nkki`r fha lk`s tk tg` m`v`i l`fr nfs`, wg`r` et lk`s tgrkulg f tum` tk f  pfssfl` eh tg` trfhscessekh r`fr nkv`r. n kv`r. Qg` kei tg`h lk`s tgrkulg f pfssfl` eh tg` niutng cfhejkia tk fhktg`r   pfssfl` eh tg` trfhscessekh r`fr nkv`r, n kv`r, wg`r` et nkcmeh`s wetg tg` `xn`ss kei jrkc tg` niutng fha trfhscessekh  mrfd` vfiv`. Rfrt kj tges kei lk`s tgrkulg fhktg`r pfssfl` eh tg` niutng cfhejkia jkr iumrenftekh fha fh a nkkiehl kj  tg` niutng. Qg` r`st kj tg` kei lk`s tgrkulg si``v` (>) tk fafpt`r (1). Fafpt`r (1) s`has tg` kei tgrkulg tum`s (6), (=) fha (0). Kei lk`s tgrkulg tum` (=) tk f pfssfl` eh tg` r`v`rs` eai`r sgfjt, tgrkulg tum` (0) tk f pfssfl` eh tg`  m`v`i pehekh sgfjt fha tgrkulg si``v` (>) ( >) m`geha fafpt`r (1) tk f pfssf pfssfl` l` eh tg` nkuht`rsgfjt. Qg` kei eh tg`  pfssfl`s lk`s tgrkulg gki`s g ki`s eh tg` sgfjts tk tg` m`frehls kj tg` l`frs kh tg` sgfjts. Qum` (6) s`has kei tk f tum` tgft lk`s tgrkulg tg` trfhscessekh. Gki`s eh tg` tum` i`t tg` kei lk kh tg` t``tg kj tg` l`frs kh tg` ehput sgfjt fha tg` nkuht`rsgfjt. Rfrt kj tges kei fisk lk`s tk f tum` kh tg` jrkht kj tg` trfhscessekh nfs`. Qg` tum` s`has kei mfnd ehtk tg` trfhscessekh tk prkvea` spifsg iumrenftekh jkr tg` m`v`i l`fr fha pehekh fha iumrenft` tg` m`v`i l`fr m`frehl.

L`frsgejt fha Eht`riknd C`ngfhesc Aer`nt Arev`

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  L`frsgejt fha Eht`riknd C`ngfhesc (6) Eht`riknd tkw`r. (=) ^gfjt. (>) ^p``a sgejt sgfjt (tgr``). (1) ^gfjt jkr aer`ntekh s`i`ntekh i`v`r. (0) Luea` (tgr``). (:) I`v`r jkr sp``a s`i`ntekh. () Luea`. (61) Jkrd (Qgera fha Jkurtg ^p``a). (60) Aer`ntekh sgejt sgfjt. (6:) Jkrd (Jerst fha ^`nkha ^p``a).

Qwk i`v`rs eh tg` kp`rftkr's nkcpfrtc`ht lev` tg` s`i`ntekh kj sp``a fha aer`ntekh jkr tg` trfhscessekh. Mktg i`v`rs fr` us`a tkl`tg`r wetg tg` niutng p`afi tk nkhtrki tg` ckv`c`ht kj tg` trfntkr. My ckvehl tg` twk i`v`rs, vfrekus nkcmehftekhs kj l`frs nfh m` s`i`nt`a tk lev` sex JK]\F]A fha sex ]@Z@]^@ sp``as. Qg` aer`ntekh s`i`ntekh i`v`r es nkhh`nt`a tk sgfjt (1) my iehdfl`. I`v`r (6=) kh sgfjt (1) es `hlfl`a wetg luea` (6>) kh jkrwfra-r`v`rs` sgejt sgfjt (60). Luea` (6>) fha sgejt jkrd (62) fr` pehh`a tk sgejt sgfjt (60). ^gejt jkrd  (62) jets eh tg` hktng kj tg` sieaehl nkiifr ehstfii`a kh tg` pehekh sgfjt. \g`h aer`ntekh s`i`ntekh i`v`r es ckv`a jkrwfra kr mfndwfra, iehdfl` rktft`s sgfjt (1). Qg` rktftekh kj sgfjt (1) nfus`s i`v`r (6=) tk ckv` aer`ntekh sgejt sgfjt (60) jkrwfra kr mfndwfra. Qges nfus`s jkrd (62) tk ckv` tg` sieaehl nkiifr tk `hlfl` tg` JK]\ JK]\F]A F]A kr ]@Z@]^@ l`fr. Qg` sp``a s`i`ntekh i`v`r es jfst`h`a aer`ntiy tk i`v`r (:). I`v`r (:) jets eh tg` hktng kj kh` kj tgr`` luea`s (0). Luea`s (0) fha jkrds (66), (61) fha (6:) fr` nkhh`nt`a tk sp``a sgejt sgfjts (>). Qg` jkrds jet eh tg` hktng kj tg` sieaehl nkiifrs ehstfii`a kh tg` nkuht`rsgfjt. Qg` sea`-tk-sea` ckv`c`ht kj i`v`r (:) a`t`rceh`s wgeng luea` (0) weii m` ckv`a. Qg` jkrwfra kr mfndwfra ckv`c`ht kj i`v`r (:) nfus`s tg` sp``a sgejt sgfjt tk ckv` jkrwfra kr   mfndwfra. Qges nfus`s tg` jkrd jkr d kh tg` sp``a sgejt sgfjt tk ckv` tg` sieaehl nkiifr tk `hlfl` `hlfl ` tg` s`i`nt`a sp``a l`fr.

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Qg` eht`riknd c`ngfhesc, ehsea` tg` l`fr sgejt gkusehl, gkias tg` sgejt sgfjts fha trfhscessekh l`frs wg`h tg` niutng es `hlfl`a. Qg` eht`riknd c`ngfhesc gfs sprehl ikfa`a piuhl`rs (7) wgeng jet ehtk hktng`s kh sgfjts (>) fha (60). F i`v`r kh sgfjt (=) es nkhh`nt`a tk tg` niutng p`afi my iehdfl`. \g`h tg` niutng p`afi es pusg`a fii tg` wfy akwh, tg` iehdfl` rktft`s sgfjt (=). Qges nfus`s i`v`r () Akw`i. (1) @ha pift`. (0) Arev` pift`s. (:) Niutng ehput sgfjt. (