CYME 72 Protection User Guide En

CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

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Copyright CYME International T&D Inc.

All Rights Reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of CYME International T&D. Possession or use of the CYME software described in this publication is authorized only pursuant to a valid written license agreement from CYME. CYME makes no warranty, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose, regarding these materials and makes such materials available solely on an "as-is" basis. CYME International T&D reserves the right to revise and improve its products as it sees fit. The information in this manual is subject to modification without notice. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this manual, CYME assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein.

CYME International T&D Inc. 1485 Roberval, Suite 104 St. Bruno QC J3V 3P8 Canada Tel.: (450) 461-3655 Fax: (450) 461-0966 Canada & United States: Tel.:1-800-361-3627 Internet : www.eaton.com\cyme E-mail: [email protected]

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

Contents 1 – Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1 2 – Setting up Protective Devices .......................................................................................... 3 Creating the Protective Device in the Equipment Database ......................................... 3 Common Settings ............................................................................................ 5 Clipping ............................................................................................... 5 Coordination Curves ........................................................................... 5 Short-Circuit Currents & FLC .............................................................. 6 Save in Repository .............................................................................. 6 Fuse ................................................................................................................. 7 General Settings ................................................................................. 7 Vista Overcurrent Control ................................................................... 8 VFI Adjustment ................................................................................... 9 Recloser ......................................................................................................... 10 General Settings ............................................................................... 10 Sequence .......................................................................................... 10 Single-Phase Recloser ..................................................................... 12 Hydraulic Three Phase Recloser ...................................................... 13 Electronic Recloser ........................................................................... 14 Electronic with TCC Setup Recloser................................................. 15 IntelliRupter® .................................................................................... 20 LVCB (Low Voltage Circuit Breaker) ............................................................. 23 Ground Fault ..................................................................................... 23 Molded Case ..................................................................................... 24 Electromechanical............................................................................. 25 Solid State ......................................................................................... 26 Relays ............................................................................................................ 28 General Settings ............................................................................... 29 Short Time ........................................................................................ 32

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

Instantaneous ................................................................................... 33 Advanced Settings ............................................................................ 34 Overtravel ......................................................................................... 35 Test Points ........................................................................................ 37 Transformer.................................................................................................... 38 General Settings ............................................................................... 38 Magnetization Inrush......................................................................... 39 Cable .............................................................................................................. 40 Motor .............................................................................................................. 40 General Settings ............................................................................... 40 Import Device Settings ................................................................................................ 41 Import Device Settings to Section Properties ................................................ 41 Import Device Settings to Data Repository .................................................... 43 Equipment Search ...................................................................................................... 44 TCC Information Verification ....................................................................................... 45 3 – Time-Current Plotting ...................................................................................................... 47 Display the Time-Current Plot ..................................................................................... 47 Show Curve of a Single Device ..................................................................... 47 Branch Device Coordination .......................................................................... 49 Device Curve Display Options .................................................................................... 52 Common Settings .......................................................................................... 52 Short-Circuit Arrows .......................................................................... 52 Drawing Options ............................................................................... 52 Transformer.................................................................................................... 53 Time-Current Plot Tools .............................................................................................. 55 Ruler............................................................................................................... 55 Device Margin ................................................................................................ 56 Device Margin Mode – Mouse .......................................................... 58 Device Margin Mode – Intersection .................................................. 59 Device Margin Mode – S.O.O Short Circuit ...................................... 59 Device Margin Mode – User Defined ................................................ 60 Device Margin Mode – Minimum Time Separation ........................... 61 Device Margin Mode – S.O.O User Defined ..................................... 62

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Device Margin Mode – S.O.O. Range .............................................. 62 Device Margin Mode – Opening Times – Ranges ............................ 63 Device Margin Mode – Opening Times - % Pickup .......................... 64 Margin Anchor ............................................................................................................. 64 General Settings ............................................................................................ 64 Warning Conditions........................................................................................ 66 Drawing Options ............................................................................................ 67 Save TCC Views in Study ........................................................................................... 67 Export as a TCC Study ............................................................................................... 68 Copy Plot to Clipboard ................................................................................................ 69 Rename View .............................................................................................................. 69 4 – Time-Current Plot Customization ................................................................................... 71 TCC Curve Color Customization................................................................................. 71 Global Curve Color Customization ................................................................ 71 Curve Color Customization per TCC View .................................................... 72 TCC Tag Customization.............................................................................................. 73 Global Tag Customization.............................................................................. 73 Tag Customization per TCC View ................................................................. 74 Live Preview ................................................................................................................ 75 Grid Options ................................................................................................................ 76 General Tab ................................................................................................... 77 X-Axis Tab...................................................................................................... 78 Y-Axis Tab...................................................................................................... 79 Colors Tab...................................................................................................... 80 Clipping Tab ................................................................................................... 80 OLD Tab......................................................................................................... 80 Title Block Tab ............................................................................................................ 81 Display Tool ................................................................................................................ 82 Plotting Voltage ........................................................................................................... 82 Current Scale .............................................................................................................. 82 Update Simulation Results.......................................................................................... 83 Add Circle.................................................................................................................... 83 Add Line ...................................................................................................................... 83

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

Add Text ...................................................................................................................... 83 5 – Coordination Analyses .................................................................................................... 85 Setting up Short-Circuit Currents to be used .............................................................. 85 Loading Analysis ......................................................................................................... 87 Set Loading Criteria ....................................................................................... 87 Run Loading Analysis .................................................................................... 88 Loading Report .............................................................................................. 89 Clearing Analysis ........................................................................................................ 90 Set Clearing Criteria ....................................................................................... 90 Run Clearing Analysis.................................................................................... 91 Clearing Report .............................................................................................. 92 Coordination Analysis ................................................................................................. 94 Set Coordination Criteria................................................................................ 94 Run Coordination Analysis............................................................................. 96 Coordination Report ....................................................................................... 97 Conductor / Cable Damage Curve Verification ........................................................... 99 Run Conductor/Cable Analysis ...................................................................... 99 Cable Protection Report............................................................................... 100 Cold Load Pickup Verification ................................................................................... 102 Run Cold Load Pickup Verification .............................................................. 102 Cold Load Pickup Report ............................................................................. 104 Minimum Fault Analysis ............................................................................................ 105 Device Pickup Settings ................................................................................ 106 Run the Minimum Fault Analysis ................................................................. 107 Protection Tab ................................................................................. 107 Parameters Tab .............................................................................. 108 Networks Tab .................................................................................. 109 Options Tab .................................................................................... 110 Minimum Fault Reports ................................................................................ 111 Protection - Detailed ....................................................................... 112 Protection – Loading ....................................................................... 113 Protection – Minimum Fault Abnormal Conditions ......................... 114 Protection – Minimum Fault Summary............................................ 116

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

One-Line Diagram Coloring ......................................................................... 118 Sequence of Operations ........................................................................................... 119 Parameters Tab ........................................................................................... 119 Display Tab .................................................................................................. 120 Report .......................................................................................................... 121 6 – Reports............................................................................................................................ 123 Device Report ........................................................................................................... 123 TCC View Summary Report...................................................................................... 126 7 – TCC Database ................................................................................................................. 127 Select a Database ..................................................................................................... 127 Library Editor ............................................................................................................. 128 Import and Export Device Settings ........................................................................... 129 Compact and Repair ................................................................................................. 131 Online Update ........................................................................................................... 131 Import Settings Database to a Self-Contained Study ............................................... 132 Import Settings Database to a Database .................................................................. 133 Index ...................................................................................................................................... 135

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

1 – Introduction The Protective Device Analysis module encompasses a series of different simulations to help engineers make the right selection of protective devices and to properly adjust their settings such that the impact caused by any short-circuit or equipment failure is minimized. This module is a powerful tool that can help engineers design and verify their protection scheme, and to address different coordination issues in any power system network. The Protective Device Analysis module allows to:        

Generate time-current curve plots using any of the 15000 devices available in the library Plot curves on standard Keuffel & Esser log-log forms, or on plain paper Measure coordination margins and change device settings Verify protective device’s reach, loading and coordination Run specialized analysis to verify minimum fault protection. Determine operating time and state of protective devices at any given fault on the network with the Sequence of Operations analysis Export one-line diagram and time-current curve plots to files for inclusion in reports Customize plots settings, such as current scale, plotting voltage, title block, curve display and colors, and device identification Note:

You need to have the Protective Device Analysis license in order to use the module.

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

2 – Setting up Protective Devices Using a protective device in the network involves two steps:  

Creating the equipment in the equipment database such that it is available to be used on any section of the network. Placing the equipment on a network section and adjusting its settings. The customized settings are specific to the device on that particular section.

For the creation of an equipment in the equipment database, please refer to the Equipment Reference Manual. The following sections will explain the different settings of various protective devices.

Creating the Protective Device in the Equipment Database Proper TCC settings are required for each protective device before any analysis can be performed. To access the TCC Settings of a device, right-click on the device on the one-line diagram and select TCC > Adjust Device Settings in the contextual menu. If TCC settings have not been created, the command would be Create Device Settings instead.

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

It is also possible to access the TCC Settings of a device through its Section Properties. To do so, doubleclick on the device to access the Section Properties dialog box, select the device from the tree list of the Devices group box and click on the

button. Here below is an example with a recloser.

Depending on the type of equipment, different TCC settings are required. These settings are categorized into a tree list at the left hand side of the TCC Settings dialog box. Common categories include:    

General Settings Clipping Coordination Curves Short-Circuit Currents & FLC

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

The following sections will start by explaining the common tabs for all devices, and will then explain the settings particular to each device. Please note that when the TCC Settings dialog box is accessed from the one-line diagram or the Section Properties dialog box, it shows the settings of the device (See Creating the Protective Device in the Equipment Database). When the TCC Settings dialog box is accessed from a TCC view, it also shows the display settings of the device (See Device Curve Display Options).

Common Settings Clipping In the Clipping tab, it is possible to set the upper and/or lower current limit beyond which the device’s curve will not be displayed. Select Short-Circuit and choose to use the maximum or minimum short circuit current as the limits, or select User Defined to customize the limits. Select None if no clipping is desired.

Coordination Curves In the Coordination Curves tab, it is possible to choose to display additional curves which take into account of variations in the device’s operating characteristics. First choose which additional curve to be shown by enabling its Show Curve checkbox. Apply a current multiplier (CM), a current adder (CA), a time multiplier (TM) and/or a time adder (TA) to the curve. A current multiplier (CM) shifts the curve horizontally (current axis) in order to simulate a smaller or greater pick up value. A current adder (CA) adjusts the curve by using a margin in current (A). A time multiplier (TM) shifts the curve vertically (time axis) in order to make the curve operate slower or faster. A time adder (TA) adjusts the curve by using a margin in seconds (or cycles). For several curves of some devices, it is possible to choose on which of the Response curve or the Clearing curve to apply the multipliers/adders on; as well as selecting the order by which the parameters will be applied. Here below show an example for a recloser.

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

Short-Circuit Currents & FLC In the Short-Circuit Currents & FLC tab, one would find other useful information about the device. The tab displays the curve number, curve description short-circuit currents, full load current and operating voltage. For the short-circuit currents, the maximum and minimum fault currents of the protective zone of the device are listed. If the network studied is looped or has any distributed generation, then the minimum and maximum fault current for each fault type would be equal. Please note that the short-circuit currents and full-load current fields are only available after running a shortcircuit analysis and a load flow analysis, respectively. A Branch Device Coordination operation would also make such information available. For more information, read chapter Branch Device Coordination.

Save in Repository The button is only available when the user is in database mode. Clicking the “Save in Repository” button saves the device with TCC settings as per set in the TCC Settings dialog box into the Repository database for easy device creation via drag and drop.

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

Fuse General Settings The General Settings tab includes a title block which displays informational description of the fuse on the network section. Information such as Manufacturer, Model and Rating as selected in the Equipment menu is displayed.

Show Melting Curve

Enable this option to display the melting curve on the Time-Current plot.

Show Clearing Curve

Enable this option to display the clearing curve on the Time-Current plot.

Fuse in Parallel

Enable this option to display the curve of two identical fuses of the selected type, connected together in parallel to function as one fuse.

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

Vista Overcurrent Control The Vista Overcurrent Control tab is specific to S&C Vista fuses.

Definite Time Delay

Enable this option to enable the use of a Definite Time Delay curve. Once this option is checked, choose the Definite Time curve to be used from the drop-down menu.

Instantaneous Trip Settings

Enable the checkbox Instantaneous if an Instantaneous setting is available for the fuse. Enter the instantaneous trip current in kA beyond which the curve will be a horizontal line.

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

VFI Adjustment Settings in the VFI Adjustment tab which allow the curve to shift. These settings are applicable to devices with VFI (Vacuum Fault Interrupter) control.

Constant Time Adder

Enter a time (in seconds) by which the curve will be shifted upwards.

Time Multiplier

Enter a multiplier to shift the curve upward if it is greater than 1.0 or downwards if it is less than 1.0.

Min. Response Time

Enter the minimum response time (in seconds) to prevent tripping until the specified time has elapsed.

Instantaneous Multiplier

Enter a multiplier value to be applied to the instantaneous part of the curve.

Inrush Multiplier

Enter a multiplier value to be applied to the inrush part of the curve to increase the minimum trip value for the duration of the inrush.

Inrush Time Adder

Enter the inrush time adder (in seconds) to shift the inrush portion of the curve upwards by the number of seconds specified

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

Recloser Five types of reclosers can be available to be installed on the network diagram when the equipment is created via the Equipment menu. The types include:    

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Single-Phase (Electronic, Cooper hydraulic, Hydraulic Lexington) Hydraulic Three-Phase Electronic (A.B. Chance, ABB, Cooper 3A, General Electric, Josyln Powermax 100, Lexington, Padmount, Westinghouse) Electronic with TCC Setup (ABB PCD 2000, ABB PCD OCR ANSI, ABB PCD OCR IEC, ABB PCD OCR RECL, ABB RER620, Arteche, Cooper Form 4A. Cooper Form 4C, Cooper Form 5, Cooper Form 5/TS, Cooper Form 6, Cooper Form 6/TS, Cooper Form FX, Cooper Form FXA, Cooper Form FXB, Elastimold Switchgear V2, ENTEC ETR-300R, ENTECENE EVRC2A-N, G&W Type 3.1 VI+, Hubell Versa-Tech, Jinkwang, Joslyn 351J, Joslyn VBM, NOJA Power, S&C Trip Saver II, Schneider, Schneider-Electric, Schweitzer 351R, Schweitzer 351RS, Schweitzer 651R, ShinShung, Siemens Centurion, W&B Polar) IntelliRupter® (S&C)

The sections below will first present the General tab and the Sequence tab, common to all reclosers and then present the tabs which are particular to each of recloser types.

General Settings The General Settings tab includes a title block which displays informational description of the recloser on the network section. For the recloser, the type, control type and model as selected in the Equipment menu are displayed.

Sequence In the Sequence tab, one can choose to draw an additional line which takes into account of the K-Factor or the Cumulative Sequences.

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Referring to the Cooper Power Systems’ Electrical Distribution System Protection, the K-Factor option is used to draw an additional curve:   

If there is a fuse upstream of the recloser, choose Source. The time values of the recloser’s “slow” curve are multiplied by the K-factor. See the table below. If there is a fuse downstream of the recloser, choose Load. The time values of the recloser’s “fast” curve are multiplied by the K-factor. See the table below. In both cases, the intersection of the modified curve and the minimum-melt curve of the fuse determines the maximum coordinating current. Reclosing Time in cycles

Source-side

Source-side

Source-side

Load-side

Load-side

2 Fast, 2 Slow

1 Fast, 3 Slow

4 Slow

1 Fast

2 Fast

25

2.70

3.20

3.70

1.25

1.80

30

2.60

3.10

3.50

1.25

1.80

50

2.10

2.50

2.70 1.25

1.35

60 90

1.85

2.10

2.20

1.25

1.35

120

1.70

1.80

1.90

1.25

1.35

240

1.40

1.40

1.45

600

1.35

1.35

1.35

As for the option Cumulative Sequences, it generates a curve showing the total time for the complete openclose sequence for the fast curve (Fast curve x #operations) for both the phase and the ground curves. The same goes for the slow curves (Slow curve x #operations to lockout-Oper. first). It can also generate a curve based on the total number of operations on the fast and slow cumulative curves. On the right-hand side of the Sequence tab, one can specify the number of operations on the fast curve and the number of operations to lockout. Nb Oper. First

The number of operation(s) on the fast curve. (Phase and/or Ground, depending on the unit available)

Nb Oper. To Lockout

The total number of operations.

Reclosing Time

Those values will be used to generate the K-Factor curve(s). (See the table above)

Reset Time

This value will be used when calculating the overtravel time of the relay.

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

Single-Phase Recloser The General Settings tab includes a title block which displays informational description of the recloser on the network section. For the recloser, the type, control type and model as selected in the Equipment menu are displayed.

Use the drop-down menu to select which curve is to be applied to the Fast and Slow units. For each of the items, there are several curve display options: Clearing Curve

Enable the checkbox to display the curve on the TCC plot.

Response Curve

Enable the check box to display the response curve. The Response curve represents the reaction time of the control unit only (not including the interrupting time).

Choose the pickup current rating (in Amps) and indicate whether the unit is to trip for either phase or ground, or for both phase and ground.

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Hydraulic Three Phase Recloser The General Settings tab includes a title block which displays informational description of the recloser on the network section. For the recloser, the type, control type and model as selected in the Equipment menu are displayed.

Use the drop-down menu to select which curve is to be applied to the Phase Fast, Phase Slow, Ground Fast and Ground Slow units. For each of the items, there are several curve display options: Clearing Curve

Enable the checkbox to display the curve on the TCC plot.

Response Curve

Enable the check box to display the response curve. The Response curve represents the reaction time of the control unit only (not including the interrupting time).

For a Hydraulic Three Phase recloser, select the pickup current rating (in Amps) for the phase and ground trip units in the Coil – Pickup group box.

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Electronic Recloser The General Settings tab includes a title block which displays informational description of the recloser on the network section. For the recloser, the type, control type and model as selected in the Equipment menu are displayed.

Use the drop-down menu to select which curve is to be applied to the Phase Fast, Phase Slow, Ground Fast and Ground Slow units. For each of the items, there are several curve display options: Clearing Curve

Enable the checkbox to display the curve on the TCC plot.

Response Curve

Enable the check box to display the response curve. The Response curve represents the reaction time of the control unit only (not including the interrupting time).

For some of the recloser models, the device curve is based on an equation rather than on a set of points. If a button is displayed, the user will be given access to the equation parameters of the curve in question. If the button is deactivated or not displayed, the device curve is based on a set of points. Enter the trip rating (in Amps) for the phase and ground trip units in the Trip Rating group box. Enable the Instantaneous Trip Rating if there is instantaneous accessory installed on the recloser. Enter the instanteous trip current (in Amps) for the phase and ground units. Beyond the instantaneous trip current, the curve will be a horizontal line drawn at the interrupting time because there is no delay due to the control.

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Minimum Response Time To indicate that a Minimum Response Time Accessory is installed on the recloser, enable the checkbox. Once enabled, enter the minimum time (Pickup Time) for the response of the recloser controls. Any portion of the curve drawn below this minimum time will be replaced by a horizontal line at the minimum time. The Switch Selector position that can be set is solely for informational purpose.

Electronic with TCC Setup Recloser The General Settings tab includes a title block which displays informational description of the recloser on the network section. For the recloser, the type, control type and model as selected in the Equipment menu are displayed.

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

Use the drop-down menu to select which curve is to be applied to Phase Fast, Phase Slow, Ground Fast, Ground Slow or the Fast and Slow curves, depending on the type of recloser. For each of the items, there are several curve display options: Clearing Curve

Enable the checkbox to display the curve on the TCC plot.

Response Curve

Enable the check box to display the response curve. The Response curve represents the reaction time of the control unit only (not including the interrupting time).

For some of the recloser models, the device curve is based on an equation rather than on a set of points. If a button is displayed, the user will be given access to the equation parameters of the curve in question. If the button is deactivated or not displayed, the device curve is based on a set of points. Here below is an example of a device based on an equation.

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

For an Electronic with TCC Setup recloser, choose Group. Enter the Phase and Ground Trip Rating (in Amps).

Enable the Alternate Trip Rating to enter an alternate trip rating to be used instead of the trip rating. If the Alternate Trip Rating checkbox is not enabled, then the trip rating would be in effect. Setup TCC

The Setup TCC Tab allows adding time adder, time multiplier and a minimum response time to any of the curves. To do so, enable the checkbox next to the curve and enter the time adder, time multiplier and/or minimum response time.

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

High Current Trip If an Instanteous Tripping accessory is installed on the recloser, click on the High Current Trip tab to define the instantaneous trip current and delay for some of the curves.

Enable the checkbox next to the curve(s) high current trip would affect, and enter the High Current Trip, Trip Time Delay and High Current Lockout data. Multiple of Trip Rating (High Current Trip)

It uses the specified value to multiply the pickup current to obtain the trip rating to be used.

Trip Time Delay

It is the instantaneous delay due to the control only. The instantaneous portion of the response curve will be horizontal at this time value.

Multiple of Trip Rating (High Current Lockout)

It defines the instantaneous trip current with a fixed trip time delay.

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

Sensitive Earth Fault The Sensitive Earth Fault feature is used for tripping the recloser after a specified time has elapsed for currents below normal ground minimum trip currents.

Status

Set the Sensitive Earth Fault feature on or off with the drop-down menu option.

Trip Rating

Enter the trip rating of the Sensitive Earth Fault feature.

Trip Time

Enter the trip time, in seconds, after which the recloser will be tripped if there is current below normal ground minimum trip current.

Nb Oper. To Lockout

Enter the number of operations for the recloser before it reaches the lockout state.

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IntelliRupter® General Settings The General Settings tab includes a title block which displays informational description of the IntelliRupter® on the network section.

Profile Name

Enter a name for the profile.

Profile

Select a profile from the selection available in the drop-down menu.

Direction

This field indicates the flow of the current. Choose Direction1 or Direction2.

Please note that all fields mentioned in the table here above are used as information only and would not affect the curve displayed.

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Set Points The set points tab allows one to enter specific TCC curve data for each IntelliRupter curve. The IntelliRupter can have multiple curve pairs for each protection profile. To add an IntelliRupter curve, click on the

button to access the Set Points dialog box.

General group box Test Operation

Select the test operation among the choices available in the drop-down menu. Different test operations may enable or disable some fields in this dialog box.

Trip Element

Choose the trip element: Phase, Ground, Negative Sequence and Sensitive Earth Fault. The trip element choices available do depend on the Test operation chosen.

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Inverse Segment group box Manufacturer

Choose the manufacturer from the choices available in the drop-down menu.

Inverse Curve

Choose the Inverse curve from the drop-down menu. Click on the Parameters button to have access to the parameters of the formula used for the inverse curve. Depending on the curve, some coefficients can be modified.

Min. Trip Current

Enter the minimum trip current, in amperes, at which the inverse curve begins timing.

Low-Current Cutoff

Enter the low-current cutoff in amperes. This value has to be equal or greater than the minimum trip current.

Time Multiplier

Enter a time multiplier to be applied to the inverse curve. Please note that this field takes the same value as the Time Dial field found in the formula dialog box (Parameters button).

Time Adder

Enter a time adder, in seconds, to be applied to the inverse curve.

Min. Response Time

Enter a minimum response time, in seconds, which defines the fastest response portion of the inverse curve.

Definite Time group box #1

Enable the checkbox to activate the first set of data for the definite time curve. Enter the current in amperes and time in seconds.

#2

Enable the checkbox to activate the second set of data for the definite time curve. Enter the current in amperes and time in seconds.

High-Current Response group box Enable the checkbox to active the High-Current Response element. Lockout

Enter the current, in amperes, above which the IntelliRupter would go directly to lockout mode.

Cutoff

Enter the cutoff current value, in amperes.

Reset group box Reset Response Type

Select the reset response type from the selection available in the drop-down menu.

Reset Time

Enter the reset time, in seconds.

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LVCB (Low Voltage Circuit Breaker) Four types of LVCBs are available and are chosen when the equipment is created in the Equipment menu. The types include:    

Ground Fault Molded Case Electromechanical Solid State

Ground Fault The General Settings of a Ground Fault LVCB are as follows:

Sensor

Enter the sensor rating (in Amps) or use the drop-down menu to choose a rating.

Multiplier

Select a multiplier value from the drop-down menu. The sensor value is multiplied by the multiplier to determine the Long-Time Pickup current.

Delay Band

Select the delay band value from the drop-down menu to identify the delay band in use. The I2T option, if checked, uses the I2T characteristic of the LVCB to determine the maximum let-through energy value as a function of the current (applicable on the short-time).

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Molded Case The General Settings of the Molded Case LVCB are as follows:

Plug

Plug is the Long Time Pickup Current. Enter the plug rating (in Amps) or use the drop-down menu to choose a rating.

Multiplier

Select a multiplier value from the drop-down menu. The plug value is multiplied by the multiplier to determine the starting amperage value of the curve.

Adjustable Pickup

The Adjustable Pickup is a multiplier applicable to the Plug rating to determine the threshold at which the Short Time or Instantaneous portion of the curve begins. Enter the Adjustable Pickup manually or use the drop-down menu to choose a value.

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Electromechanical The General Settings of the Electromechanical LVCB are as follows:

Sensor

The sensor is the reference quantity used in conjunction with multiplying factors to find the Long Time, Short Time and Instantaneous Pick-up currents. Enter the sensor rating (in Amps) or use the drop-down menu to choose a rating.

Long Time

A Long-Time Multiplier is applied to the sensor rating to define the Long-Time Pickup current, at which the long-time portion of the device curve begins. Enter the multiplier value or use the drop-down menu to choose a rating. The Long-Time Delay Band determines the vertical shift of the long-time portion of the curve. Enter the delay band value or use the drop-down menu to choose a value.

Short Time

The Short-Time feature is optional. To activate it, enable the Short Time checkbox. A Long-Time Multiplier is applied to the sensor rating or to the Long-Time Pickup current to define the Short-Time Pickup current, at which the short-time portion of the device curve begins. Enter the multiplier value or use the drop-down menu to choose a rating.

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CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

The Short-Time Delay Band determines the vertical shift of the short-time portion of the curve. Enter the delay band value or use the drop-down menu to choose a value. Instantaneous

The Instantaneous is optional. To activate it, enable the Instantaneous checkbox. An Instantaneous Multiplier is applied to the sensor rating or to the Long-Time Pickup current to define the Instantaneous Pickup current, at which the instantaneous portion of the device curve begins.

Solid State The General Settings of the Solid State LVCB are as follows:

Sensor

The sensor is the reference quantity used in conjunction with multiplying factors to find the Long Time, Short Time and Instantaneous Pick-up currents. Enter the sensor rating (in Amps) or use the drop-down menu to choose a rating.

Long Time

A Long-Time Multiplier is applied to the sensor rating to define the Long-Time Pickup current, at which the long-time portion of the device curve begins. Enter the multiplier value or use the drop-down menu to choose a rating. The Long-Time Delay Band determines the vertical shift of the long-time portion of the curve. Enter the delay band value or use the drop-down menu to choose a value.

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The Current Setting is an additional multiplier applicable to the sensor rating for certain devices. Enter the multiplier value or use the drop-down menu to choose a rating. Short Time

The Short-Time feature is optional. To activate it, enable the Short Time checkbox. A Long-Time Multiplier is applied to the sensor rating or to the Long-Time Pickup current to define the Short-Time Pickup current, at which the short-time portion of the device curve begins. Enter the multiplier value or use the drop-down menu to choose a rating. The Short-Time Delay Band determines the vertical shift of the short-time portion of the curve. Enter the delay band value or use the drop-down menu to choose a value. The I2T option, if checked for applicable LVCBs, uses the I2T characteristic of the LVCB to determine the maximum let-through energy value as a function of the current (applicable on the shorttime).

Instantaneous

The Instantaneous is optional. To activate it, enable the Instantaneous checkbox. An Instantaneous Multiplier is applied to the sensor rating or to the Long-Time Pickup current to define the Instantaneous Pickup current, at which the instantaneous portion of the device curve begins.

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Relays Overcurrent relays in CYME include Electromechanical, Electronic and Definite Time types. Motor relays and multiple relays are also available. Relays are created with a drag-and-drop operation. Access the Symbol Bar tab from the Explorer Bar pane, drag the relay and drop it on the section to be installed.

Once the relay has been dragged-and-dropped onto a network section, double-click on the symbol to display the relay’s Properties dialog box. In the General group box, select the relay’s type, its manufacturer and model, and then click on the

28  2 – Setting up Protective Devices

button to access to the relay’s TCC Settings dialog box.

CYME 7.2 - Protective Device Analysis - Users Guide

Click on the Import from TCC file button ( imported from.

) to select the *.tcc file from which the settings are to be

General Settings The General Settings of the relay are as follows:

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The Operation Mode determines how to specify the value of the relay’s pickup current. Select an operation mode from the drop-down menu, and then enter the corresponding general settings explained in the second table.

Tap with Tap Range

This operation mode requires setting a Tap Range, a Tap and the Primary Pickup current.

Tap without Tap Range

This operation mode requires setting a Tap and the Primary Pickup current.

Primary Amps

This operation mode requires setting the Primary Pickup current only.

Instantaneous Only

All settings in the General settings (except curve and tag display) are disabled, and only the Instantaneous element is considered. Enable and enter the settings for the Instantaneous element in the Instantaneous tab.

Short Time with Instantaneous Only

All settings in the General settings (except curve and tag display) are disabled, and only the Instantaneous element and Short Time element are considered. Enable and enter the settings for the Instantaneous element in the Instantaneous tab, and those of the Short Time element in the Short Time tab.

Multiple of Motor Full-Load Current

This operation mode uses the full load current of the motor as the primary pickup current.

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Other relay general settings include: Time Dial

Select the time dial from the drop-down menu. The time dial can also be computed by clicking on the button. Enter the multiplier of primary pickup or a check point with the opening time to compute the corresponding time dial.

Formula

For some relays, it is possible to use a formula to define the curve. Depending on the relay, the formula varies and some coefficients can be entered.

Tap Range

Select the tap range from the drop-down menu. Note: the list shows every tap range available in the database, not just the ones normally available for a particular relay.

Tap L

Select the tap from the drop-down menu. It is also possible to enter a value that is not in the list, as long as it is within the tap range.

Primary Pickup

The primary pickup Is the minimum current which will cause the relay to act. Enter the primary pickup current or use the using the settings entered.

Current Transformer

to calculate it

The Current transformer group box displays the current at the primary and secondary side of the transformer.

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Short Time The Short Time settings of the relay are as follows:

Short Time

Enable the Short Time checkbox to identify there is a short time element for the relay.

CT Ratio x Tap S

This is one of the three modes to determine the short-time pickup current. The CT Ratio x Tap S mode requires a Tap Range and the Tap. Click on the

to calculate the pickup current value (in Amps).

CT Ratio x Tap S x Tap L

This mode makes the short-time pickup current a function of the long-time pickup tap setting, the short-time tap setting and the CT

Primary Amps

If the short-time pickup current is known, select this mode and enter it directly.

Tap Range

Select the tap range from the drop-down menu.

Ratio. Click on the Amps).

to calculate the pickup current value (in

Only the ranges for the short-time option are displayed in this list. Tap S

It is the short-time tap setting. Select the tap from the drop-down menu. It is also possible to enter a value that is not in the list, as long as it is within the tap range.

Pickup

The pickup is the current at which the short-time portion of the relay curve begins. Enter the pickup current or use the using the settings entered.

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to calculate it

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Delay

The delay is the maximum reaction time of the short-time element, in seconds.

Instantaneous The Instantaneous settings of the relay are as follows:

Instantaneous

Enable the Instantaneous checkbox to identify there is an instantaneous element for the relay.

CT Ratio x Tap I

This is one of the three modes to determine the instantaneous pickup current. The CT Ratio x Tap I mode requires a Tap Range and the Tap. Click on the

CT Ratio x Tap I x Tap L

This mode makes the instantaneous pickup current a function of the long-time pickup tap setting, the instantaneous tap setting and the CT Ratio. Click on the

Tap Range

to calculate the pickup current value (in Amps).

to calculate the pickup current value (in Amps).

Select the tap range from the drop-down menu. Only the ranges for the instantaneous option are displayed in this list.

Tap I

It is the instantaneous tap setting. Select the tap from the dropdown menu. It is also possible to enter a value that is not in the list, as long as it is within the tap range.

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Pickup

The pickup is the current at which the instantaneous portion of the relay curve begins. Enter the pickup current or use the settings entered.

to calculate it using the

Multiple levels of Instantaneous pickup and delay can be entered. Use the button add a level and to remove a level. The instantaneous pickup field should increase in the table while the delay field should decrease. Delay

The delay is the maximum reaction time of the instantaneous element, in seconds. Multiple levels of Instantaneous pickup and delay can be entered. Use the button add a level and to remove a level. The instantaneous pickup field should increase in the table while the delay field should decrease.

Advanced Settings The advanced settings of the relay are as follows:

Recloser Settings Recloser Settings

Enable the Recloser Settings checkbox to be able to apply a time multiplier, time adder and minimum response time to the relay curve.

Time Multiplier

Enter a time multiplier to shift the curve upward if the multiplier value is bigger than 1, or downward if the multiplier value is less than 1.

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Constant Time Adder

Enter a time (in seconds) by which the curve will be shifted upwards.

Min. Response Time

Enter a time (in seconds) to indicate the minimum required by the relay controls to react.

Additional Delays Additional Delays

Enable the Additional Delays checkbox to be able to apply a breaker operating time, auxiliary device time, and to choose to show unadjusted curve or tag.

Breaker Operating Time

An additional delay can be introduced by breaker operation. Enter the breaker operating time, in seconds. This operating time would shift the relay curve upwards.

Auxiliary Device Time

An additional delay can be introduced by other devices such as lock-out relays. Enter the additional delay time, in seconds. This additional delay would shift the relay curve upwards.

Overtravel Overtravel applies to electromechanical relays (induction disc type). When you are coordinating a recloser with an upstream (source-side) electromechanical relay, this feature accounts for the ratchet effect, in which the relay does not fully reset during a circuit interruption by the recloser. The following figure illustrates an example taken from Electrical Distribution System Protection.

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The Overtravel settings of the relay are as follows:

Recloser Number

Select the Equipment number of the recloser downstream to the relay to allow the calculation of the overtravel curve with the relay curve.

Reset Time

The reset time is the time taken by the relay disk to return to its original position after de-energization. Choose among one of the three relay categories (Inverse, Very Inverse and Extremely Inverse) to use its default reset time, or enter a user-defined one in seconds.

Impulse Margin

It is the time, in seconds, for which the relay disk will continue to coast after de-energization. Enable the Worst Case checkbox for the program to assume that the fault currents are different for all operations of the downstream device.

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Test Points It is possible to enter up to 4 test points, which consists of a multiplier of the pickup or a current value. These test points, if enabled, are drawn on the TCC plot to show their corresponding current and time coordinates.

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Transformer The damage curve of a transformer can be drawn based on the information entered in its TCC Settings. According to the ANSI/IEEE Standard C57.109 (and C37.91), the TCC curve of a transformer may take into account both thermal and mechanical stresses. To access the TCC Settings of a transformer, click on the button in the Section Properties dialog box, or right-click on the transformer in the one-line diagram and choose TCC > Create Device Settings from the contextual menu.

General Settings In the Upstream Protective Device group box, one can specify:

Type

To select the primary protective device.

Draw shifted curve for LG secondary fault

A line-ground fault of 1.0 p.u. on the secondary produces a current of only 0.58 p.u. in two phases of the primary. Click on this option to plot an additional curve for the selected device upstream from the transformer. This additional curve represents the device curve shifted (to the right) by a factor of 1.73 (= 1/0.58). (This option applies only to the Delta-Y solidly grounded connection.)

Draw shifted curve for LL secondary fault

A line-line fault of 1.0 p.u. on the secondary produces a current of 1.16 p.u. in one phase of the transformer primary (and 0.58 p.u. in the other two). Click on this option to plot an additional curve for the selected device upstream from the transformer. This additional curve represents the device curve shifted to the left by a factor of 0.87 (= 1/1.16.

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Magnetization Inrush This inrush curve may be useful for accounting for cold-load pick-up, where load remains connected to the secondary of the transformer upon de-energization, and is therefore energized at the same time as the transformer. If the transformer is re-energized after a prolonged outage (several hours or more), then normally intermittent thermostatically-controlled loads (such as air-conditioning) may come on continuously until they once again satisfy their temperature settings. Load diversity is eliminated temporarily because all such loads will be on during this time. The Magnetization Inrush settings of the transformer are as follows:

None

Select this option to not draw the magnetization inrush curve.

Circle (0.1s)

Enable this option to draw a circle which represents the high current caused by the magnetization of the transformer. This circle is drawn at an x-coordinate determined by the normal load current multiplied by the multiplier value specified. The y-coordinate is at 0.1s.

Curve

Select this option to represent the magnetization inrush current as a piecewise-linear curve passing through the following 5 points: (100s, 200%), (10s, 300%), (1s, 600%), (0.1s, 1200%), and (0.01s, 2500%) where the current is expressed in per-unit of the base current.

Curve CEE

Select this option to represent the magnetization inrush current in function of Ne and Te. Ne is the ratio of switching current peak value to the nominal current value of the transformer. Te is the time constant. Click on Default to use default values according to the transformer rated kVA values.

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Cable An important consideration in protection coordination studies is whether the cables are able to withstand the thermal effects of fault currents until protective devices clear the fault. Taking into account the conductor size and material as well as the insulation type, it is possible to arrive at curves specifying the maximum permissible exposure time of a given cable to a certain fault current. These curves are commonly known as “cable damage curves”. The curves displayed in the TCC View adhere to the IEEE standard 242-1986 (Buff book). To access the TCC Settings of a cable, click on the button in the Section Properties dialog box, or right-click on the cable in the one-line diagram and choose TCC > Create Device Settings from the contextual menu.

Motor Based on the full load current (rated current), the acceleration time and the locked rotor current, it is possible to trace a conservative motor starting curve for the purpose of protection coordination. To access the TCC Settings of a motor, click on the button in the Section Properties dialog box, or right-click on the motor in the one-line diagram and choose TCC > Create Device Settings from the contextual menu.

General Settings

Acceleration Time

Enter the acceleration time, in seconds, which the motor requires to accelerate itself and its load to full speed. When the motor reaches full speed, its current falls back to nominal.

Hot Stall Time

Enter the hot stall time, in seconds, during which the motor may be allowed to draw its locked rotor current without being damaged if it was already warm when starting.

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Cold Stall Time

Enter the cold stall time, in seconds, during which the motor may be allowed to draw its locked rotor current without being damaged if it was at ambient temperature when starting.

Import Device Settings It is possible to import device settings from a CYMTCC study file (*.tcc file). These settings can be imported directly from the Section Properties dialog box, or they can be imported to a Data Repository.

Import Device Settings to Section Properties In the Section Properties dialog box, one can choose to import the TCC settings from an existing TCC File. To do so, click Import from TCC file button ( from.

)to select the *.tcc file from which the settings are to be imported

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The TCC Settings Import Selection dialog box displays the devices from the *.tcc file that match the device currently in the Section Properties dialog box. Choose the appropriate one from the list and click Import to import those settings in the Section Properties dialog box.

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Import Device Settings to Data Repository To be able to import TCC Settings into a data repository, the user has to be in database mode (not working with self-contained studies) and the repository database has to be created. For more information on how to create a repository database, please refer to Chapter 3 of the Reference manual. In the Repository section of the Database tab, click the option Import into Repository and choose the *.tcc file from which the device settings are to be imported. In the TCC Settings Import Selection dialog box, select which devices are to be imported and click Import to import these devices and their respective TCC settings. Once these devices imported, it is now possible to create a device with set TCC settings via a dragand-drop operation from the Repository to the one-line diagram.

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Equipment Search User can look up switching and protective equipment from the Explorer tab of the Explorer Bar. The Equipment Inventory provides a quick access to Equipment dialog boxes along with an alternate way to install equipment by dragging and dropping icons on the one-line diagram. The equipment is shown in the list either by equipment type with the Show Equipment option or by equipment categories with the Show Equipment and the Show Equipment Categories options enabled. The icons of the equipment used in the network loaded in the database is indicated with a green checkmark: . User can also enable the Show only equipment in use option to display only the equipment used in the network.

Here are the steps used to look for a protective device: 

First, enter the string or text to be searched in the Search and click on the search.



It is possible to specify the search options by clicking on the icon. In the Find dialog box, it is possible enable options such as match case, exact match, search up, highlight results. Enabling the filter results options or to click on the

button to launch the

icon will hide all the elements of the list except for the search results.

Additional options on search results accessible via the right-click include:  

Circle symbol – enabling this option places on the one-line diagram a circle around a particular device or devices (ex: a particular fuse) from a selected sub-category (ex: all fuses) Hide symbol – enable this option to hide from the one-line diagram the display of a particular device or devices (ex: a particular fuse) from a selected sub-category (ex: all fuses)

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

Report – enable this option to select and display a tabular report of a particular device or devices (ex: a particular fuse) from a selected sub-category (ex: all fuses)

 Properties – to display the Properties dialog box of the selected device. Use the drag and drop operation to add a particular device to the one-line diagram.

TCC Information Verification Access Analysis > Protective Device Coordination > TCC Information Verification to verify whether all equipment and protective devices have TCC Settings specified. A list of Device Numbers with missing TCC Settings will be displayed in the TCC Information Verification report.

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3 – Time-Current Plotting After creating the equipment and setting up the protective devices in the network, their time-current plot can be displayed for coordination studies. In this section, we will explore topics such as displaying the time-current plot for devices, customizing the time-current plot, and using various tools available to study device coordination.

Display the Time-Current Plot There are two ways time-current plotting modes: display the curve of a selected item only or display the curves of devices belonging to the same branch.

Show Curve of a Single Device To display the curve of a selected device, right-click on the device and choose TCC > Display Curve from the contextual menu.

The TCC plot of the selected device would appear in a separate window than the one-line diagram.

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If a TCC view exists already, users can choose to display the curve in the existing view or in a new view via the same menu mentioned here above.

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Branch Device Coordination The Branch Device Coordination mode allows the display of TCC curve from devices belonging to a selected branch. Right-click on the device and choose TCC > Branch Device Coordination from the contextual menu. The Branch Device Coordination dialog box appears.

Downstream

Choose this option to manually select the node which defines the end of the branch to be displayed. By default, the node selected on the one-line diagram is chosen as the last node of the branch to be sent.

Upstream

Choose this option to manually select the node which defines the first node of the branch to be sent, while the node selected on the one-line diagram would automatically be the node defining the end of the branch to be sent.

View

Choose among the two views offered: TCC View or TCC Simplified View. The TCC view displays everything that is within the branch to be sent. On the other hand, the TCC Simplified View displays only the devices which have TCC Settings (protective devices, cables, transformers and motors only).

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Perform Short Circuit

Choose Yes to Perform Short Circuit analysis in order to find the short-circuit current of the protective devices in the branch to be sent. You may select the Short-Circuit Method among Conventional, ANSI or CEI 60909. If this option is not selected, none of the clipping values will be taken into consideration in the time-current plot. The short-circuit current values to be used (with or without consideration of security factors and with or without the consideration of grounding impedances) can be specified in the dialog box accessed via Analysis > Protective Device Coordination > TCC Short-Circuit Currents (See Setting up Short-Circuit Currents to be used more information).

Short-Circuit Method

The drop-down menu is only active when the option Perform Short Circuit is enabled. Choose to use the ANSI, IEC-60909 or Conventional short-circuit method for the calculation of the shortcircuit current of the protective devices in the branch to be sent.

Parameters Configuration

The drop-down menu is only active when the option Perform Short Circuit is enabled. Among those already created with the ShortCircuit analysis dialog box, choose a short-circuit parameters configuration to be used.

Perform Load Flow

Choose Yes to Perform Load Flow analysis in order to find the full load current of the protective devices in the branch to be sent.

Include Cables

Select Yes to send the cable damage curves to the time-current plot.

Include Overhead Lines

Select Yes to send the overhead line damage curves to the timecurrent plot.

Protection Type

Choose to display phase, ground, or both phase/ground coordination curves. One can also toggle between the phase and ground curve display via the button from the TCC toolbar. Another way to toggle such display is via a right-click on the plot and choose the Phase or ground option from the pop-up menu.

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Display in separated views

Choose Yes to display the phase and ground coordination curves in two separate TCC views.

Click on the button to send the selected branch to the TCC plot. A new window which consists of the TCC View of the selected devices in electrical order will open.

The figure above illustrates and example of how the TCC view looks like. The branch sent is shown in a oneline diagram and the TCC plot containing the curves of the devices is displayed.

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Device Curve Display Options Inside an active TCC view, accessing the TCC Settings dialog box would give access to all the device settings as described in section Creating the Protective Device in the Equipment Database and to additional device display settings. The sub-sections below explain the display settings per device when the TCC Settings dialog box is accessed from an active TCC view.

Common Settings Short-Circuit Arrows In the Short Circuit Arrows tab, it is possible to choose to display vertical arrows at the minimum and/or the maximum short-circuit currents. Choose Snap to Curve to have the arrow touching the curve or specify the height (in seconds) at which the arrow will raise to.

Drawing Options The Drawing Options tab allows one to customize the appearance of the device’s curve. Use the respective drop-down menus to modify the curve’s line color, line width, line type and hatch (fill) type.

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Transformer The General settings dialog box of the transformer shows an additional option in the Upstream Protective Device group box and an Options group box as follows:

Draw line at pickup current

To display a small vertical line at the top of the plot to show the pickup of the primary protective device. This facilitates the visual verification of the transformer protection. It helps in insuring that the curve stands between the Full Load curve and the Damage curve.

Shift Curve

Enable this option to shift the transformer curve by a ratio of primary side current with respect to the transformer winding current.

Display mechanical damage ( Properties. When the option is enabled, all the TCC views that are displayed at the moment of the file saving will be saved.

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Export as a TCC Study It is possible to export the current TCC view to a TCC Study file to be used with the CYMTCC software. Such operation allows users to send their work to colleagues who work strictly with the CYMTCC software. However, please note that any modification made on this TCC file in the CYMTCC program cannot be imported back to the CYME program. From the TCC View, right-click on the time-current plot and choose Export > as a TCC Study from the popup menu. The file exported will be saved in a *.tcc format.

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Copy Plot to Clipboard The TCC view can be copied to a clipboard to allow pasting it in another document. This can be useful if the time-current plot is to be included in a report. To do so, right-click on the time-current plot and choose Copy Plot to Clipboard from the pop-up menu.

Rename View It is possible to rename the TCC views. To rename one, right-click on the TCC plot and choose Rename View from the pop-up menu. Enter the desired View Name in the TCC View dialog box.

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4 – Time-Current Plot Customization The Time-Current Plots can be customized in various ways, and they are explained in the sections here followed.

TCC Curve Color Customization It is possible to customize the color of the TCC curves globally, or by TCC view.

Global Curve Color Customization To customize the color globally for each type of curve, go to Customize > TCC View > Colors. Select the curve of a particular equipment, and then modify its line style, color, width, hatch pattern and fill color.

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Curve Color Customization per TCC View It is possible to customize the color of a particular curve in a view without affecting the color of the curve of the same type of device in other views. To do so, double-click on the curve of the device to access the TCC Settings dialog box. The Drawing Options tab allows one to customize the line style, color, width, hatch (fill) pattern of the device in the active TCC view.

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TCC Tag Customization It is possible to customize the content of the TCC tags globally, or by TCC view.

Global Tag Customization To customize the content of tags for different types of devices globally, go to Customize > TCC View > Tags and Text. Select a device and the content of its tag will be shown. Type any user text or use CYME keywords to display any settings. To use CYME keywords, click on the Keywords button to have access to the Keyword Selection dialog box.

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Tag Customization per TCC View It is possible to customize the tag of a device in a particular view without affecting the tag of the same type of device in other views. To do so, double-click on the tag of the device, or right click on the curve and choose Tag > Properties from the pop-up menu to access the TCC Tag Properties dialog box.

In the TCC Tag Properties dialog box, enable the Format checkbox to edit the content of the tag. Type any user text or use CYME keywords to display any settings. To use CYME keywords, click on the Keywords button to have access to the Keyword Selection dialog box.

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Live Preview The Live Preview mode is also when accessing the TCC Settings dialog box from the device contextual menu in the one-line diagram view or in the TCC view. Choose to turn on or off the Live Preview mode with the help of the drop-down menu option.

When the Live Preview mode is activated, the effect of any setting change on the curve of the device is immediately shown in the TCC View. These setting changes include device settings and display settings that can be set within the dialog box. This function allows users to adjust the curve rapidly with as many setting changes as needed. When the OK button is clicked, all changes as illustrated are accepted. To undo the changes, simply click on the Cancel button.

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Grid Options Grid Options contains the parameters required to adjust the grid. All settings of the Grid Options are saved in an xml file that is located in the directory listed in the Configuration Files tab under the File > Preferences menu.

It can be accessed by clicking on in the TCC toolbar, or by right-clicking on the plot and choose Grid Options from the contextual menu. It can also be accessed through the menu command Customize > TCC Views > Grid Options. At the bottom of the Grid Options dialog box, there are three buttons:

,

. OK

To apply the changes temporary made in the dialog box.

Cancel

To close the window without applying changes.

Save

The options will be saved and will be applied on future TCC views.

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and

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General Tab The General Tab contains the different group boxes explained here below: Scale Simple Scale

Shows the value of each tenth grid line in the scale of the grid. This is the default setting.

Full Scale

Shows the value of every grid line of the Full Grid. To avoid overlap, you may have to choose a small character size under the Fonts group box (described in this chapter, below).

Curve Display Mode Transparent

Makes all overlapping curves visible where they overlap. Grid lines are visible behind all curves.

Opaque

Ensures that where two or more curves overlap, the more recently created curve is displayed on top. The others are hidden behind it. Also, the grid lines are not visible behind any curve.

Curve Opaque

Highlight Selected Curve

Curve Transparent

If that option is set to Yes, the selected curve will be drawn based on the Color selected.

View Style Simple Grid

To hide the grid lines, and show only tick marks along the X and Y scales.

Full Grid

To show ten grid lines per decade.

Standard Grid

To show grid lines at every tenth value of the scale.

K & E Grid

To show 100 grid lines per decade, mimicking the Keuffel & Esser paper.

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Simple Grid

Standard Grid

Full Grid

K&E Grid

Fonts Group Box Grid Font

To change the font of the grid elements (scale and tags). Make your selection from the Edit button.

Title Block Font

To change the font of the elements in the title block. Make your selection from the Edit button.

X-Axis Tab X Axis Group Box X Minimum

To change the minimum value on the current scale.

X Maximum

To change the maximum value on the current scale.

X Scale Group Box Amperes

Displays the current scale in Amperes.

MVA

Displays the current scale in MVA (MVA = current *device voltage * 3). The current is expressed in kA and the device voltage in kV.

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X Multiplier Group Box Multiplier

Allows you to multiply the printed scale (0.5 to 10000 A) by any of the five factors shown (0.1 to 1000). The Display multiplier in title check box allows displaying at the top of the Curve Plot the study Plotting Voltage with the selected multiplier.

Y-Axis Tab Y Axis Group Box Y Minimum

To change the minimum value on the time scale.

Y Maximum

To change the maximum value on the time scale.

Y Scale Group Box Left Axis

Displays the Y scale of the graphic in Seconds only or in Seconds with Cycles

Right Axis

Checks the checkbox next to Cycles to display the Y scale to the right of the graphic as well.

Y Axis Marks Markers

Gives you the possibility to add a marker at 1 minute, 1 hour or 2 hours on the Y scale.

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Colors Tab Select the item to be modified from the Item Color Group Box. The item that can be modified include:     

Major Line Color Minor Line Color Contour Color Title Block Color Background Color

Once selected, go to the Color Definition Group Box to change its color, width or line type.

Clipping Tab To set overall clipping options for the view displayed. See also the Protection Range group box in the Loading Analysis dialog box.

OLD Tab One Line Diagram Group Box Show One Line Diagram

Enable this option to show or hide the one-line diagram in the Curve Plot workspace (mainly for printing purposes).

Position of the One Line Diagram

Allows adjusting where within the Curve Plot space the OLD will be shown. The measurements indicated are based on the scale of the curve.

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Title Block Tab The title block displayed below the TCC plot can be customized to show the desired information. Double-click on the title block area to access the Title Block tab window within the Grid Options dialog box in order to enter the desired information to customize the title block.

Each of the five title block models (Cyme, K&E Simple, K&E Full, General Electric (GE) and User-Defined) offered gives a different layout and asks for different information. Choose the model desired and enter the pertinent information. Click on configuration files or click on

to apply and save the changes permanently in the CYME to apply the changes and exit the dialog box.

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Display Tool The Display Tool can be found in the TCC Toolbar.

The Display Tool lists the devices of the branch currently displayed in the TCC plot. Enable or Disable the checkbox in the Display column to show or to hide the curve of those devices and of any margin anchors.

Plotting Voltage The plotting voltages available are those of the primary voltage of transformers in the branch sent. By changing the plotting voltage, it allows one to plot the curves of the devices according to currents the primary side or secondary side of the transformer. The plotting voltage drop-down menu can be found in the TCC Toolbar.

The curves are shifted to the left or right along the current axis according to the following formula:

Current Scale It multiplies the current scale of the time-current plot by one of the factors available, which is x1, x10 and x100. It gives quick access to the same option as displayed in the X-Multiplier group box of the X-Axis tab in Grid Options. The Current Scale options can be found in the TCC Toolbar.

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Update Simulation Results The Update Simulation Results button can be found in the TCC Toolbar.

If any modification is done to the network and that a TCC view is active at that moment, the user can click on the Update Simulation Results button to update the curves displayed in the TCC plot. The short-circuit currents would be re-calculated and if the clipping option is enabled, the curves would be clipped at the new correct values.

Add Circle It is possible to add a circle on the TCC plot. The Add Circle button can be found in the TCC toolbar.

In the General Settings tab, user can enter a Number as an ID to the circle. The position of the circle is defined by specifying its center with an X,Y (X in Amps, Y in seconds) coordinate and its radius. In the Drawing Options tab, user can define the line color, line width, line type and any hatching options for the circle.

Add Line It is possible to add a line on the TCC plot. The Add Line button can be found in the TCC toolbar.

In the General Settings tab, user can enter a Number as an ID to the line. The position of the line is defined by specifying the coordinates its two tips, with the X coordinate in Amps and the Y coordinate in seconds. It is possible to place an arrow at any or each tip by selecting the Draw arrow at point 1 and/or the Draw arrow at point 2 option. In the Drawing Options tab, user can define the line color, line width, line type and any hatching options for the line.

Add Text It is possible to add text in a tag format on the TCC plot. This text tag is not associated to any device, and is independent from the tags and tag customization mentioned in section titled TCC Tag Customization. On the other hand, this text tag is saved with the active view. The text tag is customizable by enabling the Format button. The user can input text, or use CYME keywords by clicking on the

button.

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5 – Coordination Analyses The Protective Device Analysis module offers several analyses to help engineers detect various problems in their network and to study their protection schemes such that protective devices’ setting can be properly adjusted to ensure higher system reliability. The analyses offered include:       

Clearing Criteria and Clearing Analysis Loading Criteria and Loading Analysis Coordination Criteria and Coordination Analysis Conductor / Cable Damage Curve Verification Cold Load Pickup Verification Minimum Fault Analysis Sequence of Operations

Each of the above analyses is explained below. All of them require the TCC settings of each protective device to be established. If you have not done so and require information, please refer to Chapter 2 – Setting up Protective Devices of this manual.

Setting up Short-Circuit Currents to be used Before running any analysis or performing a send branch operation, the user can specify which current values are to be used. To do so, access the Protective Device Coordination > TCC Short-Circuit Currents dialog box. This dialog box allows users to choose to use the fault current with or without the consideration of the security factors, and with or without the consideration of grounding impedance.

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Short-Circuit Parameters group box Method

The analysis will be performed in the sequence domain. There are up to three calculation methods, depending on the licenses installed: Conventional short circuit, ANSI short circuit and IEC short circuit.

Configuration Name

Select the short-circuit parameters configuration to be used via the Configuration Name drop-down list. Click on the Edit button to edit any short-circuit parameter of the selected configuration.

Short-Circuit Currents group box Use different keywords for lines and cables

Enable this option to use different short-circuit current values for lines and cables. Once this option is enabled, you can select different short-circuit values for overhead lines and cables to take into account the security factor with or without the grounding impedance.

By default, this option is not enabled, which means that both overhead lines and cables use the same keyword, which can be selected via the drop-down lists of this group.

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Loading Analysis The Loading Analysis compares the current running through the network to each device type’s maximum permitted continuous load current, which is expressed as a percentage of its rated current. This analysis can help highlighting equipment which are prone to overload.

Set Loading Criteria Before running the Loading analysis, the criteria have to be defined. To do so, go to Analysis > Protective Device Coordination > Loading Criteria.

It is possible to create more than one Loading Criteria template, and the templates available can be found at drop-down menu at the top of the dialog. By default, there is only one template available. The template selected when exiting this dialog box would be the one to be used for a given simulation. Click this button to add a template. A Configuration Properties dialog box would appear to allow you to name the new template. Click this button to rename the selected template. Click this button to remove the selected template. Click this button to import a Loading Criteria template. Click this button to export a Loading Criteria template. Click on the cell spaces next to each device type to modify the Load Current Multiplier and the Load Current Adder. The Max Loading in percentage is the desired maximum loading in percent of the device’s pickup current to help determine how close one device is to its desired operating capacity.

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Run Loading Analysis Once the Loading Criteria are set, the Loading analysis can be accessed through Analysis > Protective Device Coordination > Protective Device Analysis. Options in the Verifications tab and in the Parameters are used for this analysis. To perform the Load analysis, enable Verify Loading in the Device Rating Verification group box found in the Verifications tab window.

The Tracing Options group box, found in the Parameters tab of the dialog box, determines how the analysis will examine the network. All nodes

The analysis examines all nodes in the feeder(s) selected

Protective devices nodes only

The analysis examines nodes of sections containing protective devices only.

Ignore lateral fuses

Enable this option to exclude lateral sections beginning with a fuse.

To view or modify the Loading Criteria, click on the Edit button next to Loading Criteria in the Protection and Coordination Criteria group box in the Parameters tab window.

Click on

to run the Loading analysis.

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Loading Report After the simulation is performed, reports can be generated to display the results. To generate the loading report, go to Report > Analysis. Under the Valid Analysis Reports category, select the Protective Device Analysis – Loading report. You may, alternately, select the report to be displayed in the Output tab of the Protective Device Analysis dialog box before clicking on the Run simulation button.

Here is an example of how a Loading report looks like:

The Loading report lists each protective device in the network(s) analyzed and the following information: Protection

This column identifies if the device analyzed is from a Phase or Ground Analysis.

Size/Trip

This column shows the current, in amps, at which the device will trip.

Full Load Current

This column shows the full load current at the operating condition analyzed.

Loading

This column shows the percentage at which is the full load current with regard to the device rated current.

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Loading Limit

This column lists the loading limit of that type of device as per the one set in the Loading Criteria dialog box.

Overload?

To indicate any overload, any device with a full load current giving a percentage loaded above the loading criteria set will have the message in red.

Optimal Rating

This field is populated if the device type is a fuse. This column lists the optimal rating of the fuse which would satisfy the loading criteria set by the user.

Clearing Analysis The Clearing Verification Analysis examines how much time is required from each protective device to “reach” to faults occurring on different sections inside its zone. The maximum permitted operating time is called “Reach” because it determines the distance over which the device will be active. Beyond a certain distance, the fault current will be too small for the device to react quickly enough. This required time is compared to user-defined maximum time to signal any reach problem in a protection zone.

Set Clearing Criteria Before running the Loading analysis, the criteria have to be defined. To do so, go to Analysis > Protective Device Coordination > Clearing Criteria.

It is possible to create more than one Clearing Criteria template, and the templates available can be found at drop-down menu at the top of the dialog. By default, there is only one template available. The template selected when exiting this dialog box would be the one to be used for a given simulation.

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Click this button to add a template. A Configuration Properties dialog box would appear to allow you to name the new template. Click this button to rename the selected template. Click this button to remove the selected template. Click this button to import a Clearing Criteria template. Click this button to export a Clearing Criteria template.

Click on the cell spaces next to each device type to modify the Clearing Time. The Clearing Time column is the maximum opening time in cycles to help determine the reach of a device in its protective zone.

Run Clearing Analysis Once the Clearing Criteria are set, the Loading analyses can be accessed through Analysis > Protective Device Coordination > Protective Device Analysis. Options in the Verifications tab and in the Parameters are used for this analysis. The Clearing Verification group box is found in the Verifications tab of the Protective Device Analysis dialog box and concerns the Reach analysis.

Verify Clearing

Enable this checkbox to perform the Clearing analysis.

Verify primary devices only

Select this option to verify the reach of the primary protective device upstream to each section analyzed.

Verify primary and secondary devices only

Select this option to verify the reach of the primary and secondary protective device upstream to each section analyzed.

Short-Circuit Parameters group box Method

The analysis will be performed in the sequence domain. There are up to three calculation methods, depending on the licenses installed: Conventional short circuit, ANSI short circuit and IEC short circuit.

Configuration Name

Select the short-circuit parameters configuration to be used via the Configuration Name drop-down list. Click on the Edit button to edit any short-circuit parameter of the selected configuration.

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The Protection Range group box determines the protection range to be considered for the protective devices.

Limits defined in device settings

The protection range is determined as per defined in the Clipping tab the TCC Settings dialog box of each device.

Limits defined by short-circuit currents

If this option is chosen, the protection range is always defined by the maximum and/or minimum short-circuit current seen by the device, regardless of the selection in the Clipping tab in the TCC Settings dialog box of each device.

Short-Circuit Keywords

Click on Edit to access the short-circuit values to be used by the analysis, as well as the calculation method and its parameters, as explained in section Setting up Short-Circuit Currents to be used.

Clearing Report After the simulation is performed, reports can be generated to display the results. To generate the reach report, go to Report > Analysis. Under the Valid Analysis Reports category, select the Protective Device Analysis - Clearing report. You may, alternately, select the report to be displayed in the Output tab of the Protective Device Analysis dialog box before clicking on the Run simulation button.

The report is divided into protective zones, each listing the zone’s protective device and the sections belonging to it. For each section, the minimum melting time (MM) and the total clearing time (TC) for the possible fault types on the particular section are given. If “Verify primary and secondary devices only” was chosen in the Network Protection dialog box, then the minimum melting time (MM) and total clearing time (TC) are given for the Secondary Protection columns.

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If for a particular type of fault at a particular section, the protective device requires an amount of cycle beyond the one defined in the Reach criteria, then the report would highlight that in yellow. An example of a report for the Reach analysis is shown here below.

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Coordination Analysis The Coordination Analysis studies each pair of protective devices in the network(s) analyzed to see if there is any intersection with their device curves.

Set Coordination Criteria Before running the Coordination analysis, it is possible to define your own criteria for coordination between successive pair of devices (fuse-to-fuse, fuse-to-recloser, etc). Defining coordination criteria means defining adjusted versions of the standard curves to be used by the Coordination analysis. To set the Coordination criteria, go to Analysis > Protective Device Coordination > Coordination Criteria.

It is possible to create more than one Coordination criteria template, and the templates available can be found at drop-down menu at the top of the dialog. By default, there is only one template available. The template selected when exiting this dialog box would be the one to be used for a given simulation. Click this button to add a template. A Configuration Properties dialog box would appear to allow you to name the new template. Click this button to rename the selected template. Click this button to remove the selected template. Click this button to import a Coordination Criteria template. Click this button to export a Coordination Criteria template.

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The Criteria List group box contains the list of possible pairs of devices. Click on pair of devices to the Criteria list and click on

to add a

to remove a selected pair. Click on

to undo the changes and revert back to the default list. It is possible to adjust the Clearing Time, Current Multiplier (CM), Current Adder (CA), Time Multiplier (TM) and the Time Adder (TA) directly in the table. A current multiplier (CM) shifts the curve horizontally (current axis) in order to simulate a smaller or greater pick up value while a current adder (CA) adjusts the curve by using a margin in current (A). A time multiplier (TM) shifts the curve vertically (time axis) in order to make the curve operate slower or faster. A time adder (TA) adjusts the curve by using a margin in seconds (or cycles). Click on the

button to modify other columns else than the four listed here above.

For the Clearing Time, the choice of minimum and maximum may refer to different curves depending on the device type selected. It is clarified by the following table: Device

Min Curve

Max Curve

Fuse

Minimum melting curve

Total clearing curve

Relay Electromechanical

Total clearing curve

Auxiliary device

Relay Electronic

Total clearing curve

Auxiliary device

Recloser Hydraulic

Response Curve

Total clearing curve

Recloser Electronic

Response Curve

Total clearing curve

Please note that in the table above, “total clearing curve” represents the total clearing time of the Phase or Ground trip unit, including the interrupting time. The auxiliary device represents an additional delay introduced by some other device such as a lock-out relay and circuit breaker, to shift the curve upwards. The response curve represents the reaction time of the control unit of reclosers. The Display group box allows one to filter the Criteria list block to view the criteria for only a specific device. After setting the filter, click on

to refresh the elements listed in the Criteria list.

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Run Coordination Analysis Once the Coordination criteria are set, the Coordination analyses can be accessed through Analysis > Protective Device Coordination > Protective Device Analysis. Options in the Verifications tab and in the Parameters are used for this analysis. The Coordination Verification group box found in the Verifications tab of the dialog box concerns the coordination analysis.

Verify Coordination

Enable this checkbox to perform the Coordination analysis.

Phase

Enable this option to verify the phase element in your current study.

Ground

Enable this option to verify the ground element in your current study.

Check Fast Curves

With this option enabled, the analysis will verify the coordination of recloser-relay fast curves when both downstream and upstream devices (recloser and/or relay) have fast curves. The resulting data will be shown in the report.

Reclosing Scheme

Two reclosing schemes are available: Fuse Clearing and Fuse Saving. Choose Fuse Clearing to indicate it is desired to have the fuse curve operate before the recloser’s. Choose Fuse Saving to indicate it is desired to have the recloser curve operate before the fuse’s.

The Tracing Options group box found in the Parameters tab of the dialog box determines how the analysis will examine the network. All nodes

The analysis examines all nodes in the feeder(s) selected

Protective devices nodes only

The analysis examines nodes of sections containing protective devices only.

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Ignore lateral fuses

Enable this option to exclude lateral sections beginning with a fuse.

To view or modify the Coordination Criteria, click on the Edit button next to Coordination Criteria in the Protective and Coordination Criteria group box.

Click on

to run the Coordination analysis.

Coordination Report After the simulation is performed, a report can be generated to display the results. To generate the Coordination report, go to Report > Analysis. Under the Valid Analysis Reports category, select the Protective Device Analysis – Coordination report.

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Here is an example of what a Coordination report looks like:

The Coordination report lists each pair of protective devices in the network(s) analyzed and the following information: Protection

This column identifies what type of protection (phase or ground) is the device offering

Upstream Curve/Rating

This column shows the curve or rating of the upstream protective device.

Customers between devices

This column lists how many customers, if defined in the loads, are within the pair of protective devices.

Downstream Curve/Rating

This column shows the curve or rating of the downstream protective device.

Protection Range Minimum

The Protection Range is the range within which the curves are analyzed. The Minimum column shows the minimum current value of this protection range.

Protection Range Maximum

The Protection Range is the range within which the curves are analyzed. The Maximum column shows the maximum current value of this protection range.

Non-coordination point

This column displays the node which is the intersection point of the two device curves.

Coordination

This column display “Yes” for coordination between the pair of devices or “No” in red to highlight the pair of devices which do not achieve coordination.

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Description

This column displays an indication of the coordination problem found.

TCC Curves

Click on the button to show the curves of the pair of protective devices of that particular line in the report.

In the Coordination report, clicking on the Display button would display the curves of the pair of protective devices having coordination problem. Once the curves are displayed, the Show Analysis Coordination Curves button on the TCC toolbar becomes available. If the button is activated, the device’s curve and an additional curve to include the coordination criteria set within Coordination Criteria are displayed. By default, the button is not activated.

Conductor / Cable Damage Curve Verification The Conductor/Cable Damage Curve Verification analysis studies the network to determine whether the cables are protected by a protective device on all its length.

Run Conductor/Cable Analysis The analysis can be accessed through Analysis > Protective Device Coordination > Protective Device Analysis. To perform the Cable Protection analysis, enable Verify Conductor/ Cable Damage Curve option found in the Verifications tab window.

The Tracing Options group box in the Parameters tab window determines how the analysis will examine the network. All nodes

The analysis examines all nodes in the feeder(s) selected

Protective devices nodes only

The analysis examines nodes of sections containing protective devices only.

Ignore lateral fuses

Enable this option to exclude lateral sections beginning with a fuse.

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Click on

to run the analysis.

Cable Protection Report After the simulation is performed, a report can be generated to display the results. To generate the Cable Damage report, go to Report > Analysis. Under the Valid Analysis Reports category, select the Protective Device Analysis – Cable/Conductor Damage report. You may, alternately, select the report to be displayed in the Output tab of the Protective Device Analysis dialog box before clicking on the Run simulation button.

An example of the report is shown here below.

The Cable Damage report lists each cable in the network(s) analyzed and the following information: Protection

This column identifies what type of protection (phase or ground) is the device offering

Upstream Device Number

This column lists the device number of the protective device upstream to the line.

Upstream Device Type

This column displays the type of protective device that is upstream to the line.

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Downstream Device Number

This column lists the device number of the line.

Protection Range Minimum

The Protection Range is the range within which the curves are analyzed. The Minimum column shows the minimum current value of this protection range.

Protection Range Maximum

The Protection Range is the range within which the curves are analyzed. The Maximum column shows the maximum current value of this protection range.

Protected?

This column display “Yes” when the line is protected by its upstream protected device, or “No” in red to highlight the line which is not protected by its upstream protective device.

Description

This column displays a message to indicate whether the cable is protected or not.

TCC Curves

Click on the button to show the curves of the protective device and the line of that particular line of the report.

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Cold Load Pickup Verification Run Cold Load Pickup Verification It is possible to run a Cold Load Pickup Verification analysis to compare the cold load pickup current curve seen by a protective device to its time-current curve. Any intersection between the two curves is considered as an abnormal condition and reported as such. This analysis is accessible through Analysis > Protective Device Coordination > Protective Device Analysis.

The Cold Load Pickup Verification group box concerns the mentioned analysis. Verify Cold Load Pickup Time

Enable this checkbox to perform the Cold Load Pickup Verification analysis.

Manufacturer

Choose the manufacturer/utility from the choices available in the drop-down menu.

Model

This field is the description of the curve. Choose the model/type from the choices available of the selected manufacturer/utility in the drop-down menu.

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Curve

This is the per-unit cold load pickup curve type (ex: normal load, heavy load). Choose the curve from the choices available of the selected model in the drop-down menu.

Concerning the cold load pickup curve, the user can choose to use the ones available in the drop-down menu or choose to create their own per-unit cold load pickup curve in the Miscellaneous category of the TCC database. For more information on creating a curve, please refer to the TCC Library Editor section of this manual. Click on

to execute the verification.

The analysis multiplies the per-unit cold load pickup curve selected by the full load current seen by the device. The full load current is automatically calculated by the analysis using the load flow, but a user-defined value can also be set for each protective device. To set the full load current of a device, access its TCC settings and go to the Short-Circuit Currents & FLC tab.

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Cold Load Pickup Report After the simulation is performed, a report can be generated to display the results. To generate the Cold Load Pickup report, go to Report > Analysis. Under the Valid Analysis Reports category, select the Protective Device Analysis – Cold Load Pickup report.

An example of a report for the Cold Load Pickup analysis is shown here below.

The Cold Load Pickup report lists each protective device in the network(s) analyzed and the following information: Cold Load Pickup

This column identifies the cold load pickup curve selected for the given simulation.

Protection

This column identifies what type of protection (phase or ground) is the device offering.

Protection Range Minimum

The Protection Range is the range within which the curves are analyzed. The Minimum column shows the minimum current value of this protection range.

Protection Range Maximum

The Protection Range is the range within which the curves are analyzed. The Maximum column shows the maximum current value of this protection range.

Intersection

This column indicates whether there is an intersection between the cold load pickup curve and the protective device curve.

Cold Load Pickup Respected?

This column display “Yes” when the cold load pickup current is protected by the protected device, or “No” in red when it is not protected by the protective device.

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Description

This column displays a message to indicate whether protective device will operate (cold load pickup not protected) or not (cold load pickup protected).

TCC Curves

Click on the button to show the curves of the protective device and the cold load pickup.

Minimum Fault Analysis The minimum fault protection analysis is an algorithm which allows users to verify if the protective devices modeled in a network can adequately detect and clear the minimum faults seen in their respective protection zones. The analysis will begin by identifying the protection zones based on user defined zone delimiters. It will then determine the minimum faults in each zone and evaluate if the protective device protecting the zone can effectively cover this fault. If the primary protective device fails to cover the minimum fault, the secondary protection will then be verified. If both devices fail to cover the minimum fault in the zone, the analysis will then attempt to locate a sectionalizing device that could isolate the uncovered area. This simulation can be performed on both radial and looped systems. A detailed report will list all areas that are inadequately protected. These areas may also be color coded on the one-line-diagram as abnormal conditions.

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Device Pickup Settings The verification is performed based on the protective device pickup currents setting (phase and/or ground). For fuses and LVCBs, enter the Phase and the Ground Pickup values. For reclosers, choose between Nominal Settings or Alternate Pickup settings. If the Coordination of Protective Device license is detected, ten alternate settings are available. If not, then only one alternate pickup setting is available.

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Run the Minimum Fault Analysis To perform this analysis, select the menu option Analysis > Protective Device Coordination > Minimum Fault.

Protection Tab

Primary Pickup Verification

Select the types of fault to verify at the primary protection device.

Secondary Pickup Verification

Select the types of fault to verify at the secondary protection device. The secondary pickup verification is done only when the primary fails to cover the minimum fault in its zone.

Protective Zone Delimiter(s)

Select the protective device types that will be verified.

Secondary Protection Verification

Select the secondary protective device types that will be verified. This option is only used when the primary device is a fuse.

Switching Devices

Select the type of switching devices that will be used to isolate the area inadequately covered.

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Parameters Tab

Configuration Name

Select the short-circuit parameters configuration to be used via the Short-Circuit Parameters drop-down list. Click on the Edit button to edit any short-circuit parameter of the selected configuration.

Use different keywords for lines and cables

Enable this option to use different short-circuit current values for lines and cables. Once this option is enabled, you can select different short-circuit values for overhead line and cable to take into account of the security factor with or without the grounding impedance.

By default, this option is not enabled, which means that both overhead lines and cables use the same keyword, which can be selected via the drop-down lists of this group. Protective Device Ratings

Select the pickup value to be used by the analysis. Choose between Nominal pickup or As defined.

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Security Factors

It is possible to apply a multiplier to the Pickup Currents or the Fault Currents. If Pickup Currents is chosen, then the multipliers can be applied to phase and/or the ground pickup values. If Fault Currents is chosen, then the multipliers can be applied to phase and/or the ground fault current values.

Networks Tab The Network tab allows the user to select the networks to be analyzed.

Note:

Source nodes and generators nodes/bus are excluded from the analysis because no protection could protect these nodes.

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Options Tab The Options tab allows the user to define additional settings.

Consider a node protected if at least one of the contribution path is protected

Enable this option to assume that a node is protected in the case whether there are more than one contribution paths and one of the paths is protected.

Ignore locations that are not protected by protective device

Enable this option to ignore locations that are not protected by any protective device.

Ignore a protective device if both phase and ground pickups are undefined

Enable this option to ignore a protective device if both its phase and ground pickup settings are undefined.

Use default pickup values

Enable this option to define the default phase and ground pickup values to be used if they are undefined for any protective device.

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Consider a zone unprotected if one of the pickups of its protective device is undefined

Enable this option to consider a zone unprotected if its protective device has its phase or ground pickup values undefined.

Ignore protective devices upstream of source nodes

Enable this option to assume all protection is achieved at the feeder level – protective devices above the feeder level are ignored.

Verify protective device loading

Enable this option to display a loading report. This report compares the current loading of the protective devices to their pickup. A Load Current Multiplier can be applied to the current loading to verify if a certain margin to the pickup is also satisfied.

Minimum Fault Reports After the simulation is performed, three different reports can be generated to display the results. To generate the Minimum Fault reports, go to Report > Analysis. Under the Valid Analysis Reports category, the Protection – Detailed, Protection – Loading Report, Protection – Minimum Fault Abnormal Conditions, Protection – Minimum Fault Summary are available for selection.

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Protection - Detailed An example the Protection – Detailed report is shown here below.

This report lists all nodes/buses in the network selected. For each node/bus, the report identifies: Feeder ID

Name of the feeder that the node/bus belongs to.

ID

Name of the node/bus. Since a node/bus can have several types of faults (Phase-Phase-Phase, Phase-Phase, Phase-Ground) and can be protected by multiple protective devices, the same ID is generally listed for several entries.

Fault Type

Types of fault: Phase-Phase-Phase, Phase-Phase, Phase-Ground.

Prot. Dev. Section ID

Name of the section of the primary protective device that is protecting the node/bus. The ID is the section’s name where the device is located in the network. If a fault contribution is not protected by a protective device in the network, the name of the generation source will be displayed, e.g Source1, Generator2, etc.

Protective Device Code

Name of the type of the primary protective device (Recloser, Fuse, etc.) If a fault contribution is not protected by a protective device in the network, the code of the generation source will be displayed, e.g Synchronous Generator, Source.

Settings [Amps]

Pickup setting of the protective device based on the selection made in the Parameters tab of the Minimum Fault Analysis dialog box (Nominal Pick-Up, As Defined) (see 4.4.2.1).

Fault Current seen by Prot. Dev. [Amps]

Fault current seen by the protective device. When the network has transformers or multiple contributions such as distributed generation, the current seen at the protective device could be different from the current seen at the node/bus location. This value depends on the type of fault.

Fault Current [Amps]

Fault current seen at the node/bus location. This value depends on the type of fault.

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Protected

Value can be: Yes or No. This value identifies if the node/bus is protected by the primary protective device.

Backup Prot. Dev. Section ID

Name of the section of the backup (secondary) protective device that is protecting the node/bus. The ID is the section’s name where is located the device in the network.

Backup Prot. Dev. Code

Name of the type of protection of the backup (secondary) protective device (Recloser, Fuse, etc).

Backup Protected

Value can be: Yes, No or n/a. This value identifies if the node/bus is protected by the secondary protective device. The value “n/a” (not available) is used when no backup protective device is selected in the analysis and/or when the node/bus is protected by the primary protective device.

Protection – Loading An example of the Protection – Loading report is shown here below.

This report allows one to verify whether both the minimum fault current and the load flow current are smaller than the pickup current of the protective device. For each protective device, the table lists the following: Network ID

Name of the feeder that the protective device belongs to.

Prot. Dev. Code

Name of the type of the protective device (Recloser, Fuse, etc.)

Prot. Dev. Number

The protective device’s number.

Load Current (amps)

Load current seen by the protective device.

Load Current with Security Factor (amps)

Load current seen by the protective device. This value takes into account of the security factor specified in the Parameters tab of the Minimum Fault Analysis dialog box.

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Loading OK?

This field compares the Load Current to the pickup current of the protective device to determine whether the protective device is overloaded or not.

Fault Type

This is the type of fault at the critical location that is not well protected by the upstream protective device.

Critical Location

This is the location with a fault type that is not well protected by its upstream protective device.

Minimum Fault (A)

The minimum fault current of the particular fault type at the critical location.

Fault Current seen by Prot. Dev. (A)

Fault current seen by the protective device. When the network has transformers or multiple contributions such as distributed generation, the current seen at the protective device could be different from the current seen at the node/bus location. This value depends on the type of fault.

Setting (A)

Pickup/Rating of the protective device

Protected

Value can be: Yes or No. This value identifies if the protective device covers the minimum fault current of the zone.

Backup Prot. Dev. Code

Name of the type of protection of the backup (secondary) protective device (Recloser, Fuse, etc…).

Prot. Dev. Number

The device’s number of the backup protective device.

Backup Protected

Value can be: Yes, No or n/a. This value identifies if the node/bus is protected by the secondary protective device. n/a (non-available) is used when no backup protective device is selected in the analysis and/or when the node/bus is protected by the primary protective device.

Protection – Minimum Fault Abnormal Conditions An example the Protection – Minimum Fault Abnormal Conditions report is shown here below.

This report lists the protection zones that are not adequately covered by their protective devices. The values are the same as in Protection – Minimum Fault Summary but results are filtered in order to display only abnormal conditions. Hence, only minimum faults that are not protected by the backup (secondary) protective device (if selected in the analysis), or that are not protected by the primary protective device are shown.

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Feeder ID

Name of the feeder that the node/bus belongs to.

Critical Location

This is the location with a fault type that is not well protected by its upstream protective device.

Fault Type

This is the type of fault at the critical location that is not well protected by the upstream protective device.

Prot. Dev. Section ID

Name of the section of the primary protective device that is protecting the node/bus. The ID is the section’s name where the device is located in the network. If a fault contribution is not protected by a protective device in the network, the name of the generation source will be displayed, e.g Source1, Generator2, etc.

Prot. Dev. Code

Name of the type of the primary protective device (Recloser, Fuse, etc.)

Prot. Dev Number

The protective device’s number.

Settings [Amps]

Pickup setting of the protective device based on the selection made in the Parameters tab of the Minimum Fault Analysis dialog box (Nominal Pick-Up, As Defined) (see 4.4.2.1).

Fault Current seen by Prot. Dev. [Amps]

Fault current seen by the protective device. When the network has transformers or multiple contributions such as distributed generation, the current seen at the protective device could be different from the current seen at the node/bus location. This value depends on the type of fault.

Minimum Fault [Amps]

The minimum fault current of the particular fault type at the critical location.

Protected

This signals that the protective device does not protect the given fault type of the minimum fault value at the critical location.

Switching Dev. Location

Name of the section at which is the protective device to be used to isolate the area inadequately covered.

Bound

Name of the section that defines the boundary of a certain region when unprotected minimum faults are detected. If no unprotected minimum faults are present in the network, the field is empty.

Backup Prot. Dev. Section ID

Name of the section of the backup (secondary) protective device that is protecting the node/bus. The ID is the section’s name where is located the device in the network.

Backup Prot. Dev. Code

Name of the type of protection of the backup (secondary) protective device (Recloser, Fuse, etc).

Backup Prot. Dev. Number

The device’s number of the backup protective device.

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Backup Protected

Value can be: Yes, No or n/a. This value identifies if the node/bus is protected by the secondary protective device. The value “n/a” (not available) is used when no backup protective device is selected in the analysis and/or when the node/bus is protected by the primary protective device.

Protection – Minimum Fault Summary An example the Protection – Minimum Fault Summary report is shown here below.

This report lists all the protective devices protecting a zone in the network. For each protective device, the report identifies: Feeder ID

Name of the feeder that the critical bus/node belongs to.

Critical Location

Name of the node/bus that represents the minimum fault current seen by its protective device. Since a node/bus can have several Fault types (Phase-Phase-Phase, Phase-Phase, Phase-Ground) and can be protected by multiple protective devices, the same ID is generally listed for several entries.

Fault Type

Type of fault: Phase-Phase-Phase, Phase-Phase, Phase-Ground.

Protective Device Section ID

Name of the section of the primary protective device that is protecting the critical node/bus. The ID is the section’s name where is located the device in the network. If a fault contribution is not protected by a protective device in the network, the name of the generation source will be displayed; e.g Source1, Generator2, etc.

Prot. Dev. Code

Name of the type of protection of the primary protective device (Recloser, Fuse, etc.) If a fault contribution is not protected by a protective device in the network, the code of the generation source will be displayed; e.g Synchronous Generator, Source, etc.

Prot. Dev. Number

The protective device’s number.

Settings [Amps]

Pickup setting of the protective device based on the selection made in the Minimum Fault Analysis (Nominal Pick-Up, Alternate Pickup, and As Defined).

Fault Current seen by Prot. Dev. [Amps]

Fault current seen by the protective device. When the network has transformers or multiple contributions such as distributed generation, the current seen at the protective device could be different from the current seen at the node/bus location. This value depends on the type of fault.

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Minimum Fault [Amps]

Fault current seen at the critical node/bus location. This value depends on the type of fault.

Protected

Value can be: Yes or No. This value identifies if the node/bus is protected by the primary protective device.

Switching Dev. Location

Name of the section where a switching device is found to clear a fault. If the backup (secondary) protective device is selected in the analysis, this value is available when both devices fail to cover the minimum fault in the zone. Otherwise, it is available when the primary protective device fails to cover the minimum fault in the zone.

Bound

Name of the section that defines the boundary of a certain region when unprotected minimum faults are detected. If no unprotected minimum faults are present in the network, the field is empty.

Backup Protective Device Section ID

Name of the section of the backup (secondary) protective device that is protecting the critical node/bus. The ID is the section’s name where is located the device in the network

Backup Protective Device Code

Name of the type of protection of the backup (secondary) protective device (Recloser, Fuse, etc…).

Backup Prot. Dev. Number

The device’s number of the backup protective device.

Backup Protected

Value can be: Yes, No or n/a. This value identifies if the node/bus is protected by the secondary protective device. n/a (non-available) is used when no backup protective device is selected in the analysis and/or when the node/bus is protected by the primary protective device.

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One-Line Diagram Coloring The sections and devices that are not adequately protected can be color-coded on the one-line diagram. To do so, access the Display Options by clicking on the button, or go to View > Display Options. Once the Display Options dialog box appears, select the Display Layers Selection tab and click on the Modify button in the Symbols group box to display the Symbols the Display list. In the Minimum Fault category, one can choose to color-code the sections inadequately covered for a Phase-Ground fault, Phase-Phase fault and/or Phase-Phase-Phase fault. For each of these selection, the color, the width of the color-coding and the choice of circling the location or not can be customized.

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Sequence of Operations The Sequence of Operations analysis evaluates the impact of a user-defined fault on the network to provide the sequence of protective device operations triggered by the fault. The analysis takes into account the device settings and the operating time (including delays and reset times, etc) and re-calculates the fault current after each device operation to give a more realistic evaluation.

Parameters Tab The Parameters tab allows one to specify the analysis parameters for the Sequence of Operations.

In the Short-Circuit Parameters group box, one can choose the short-circuit parameters configuration. Click on

to edit the parameters of a chosen configuration.

In the Fault Location group box, one can specify the location at which the fault occurs. Location

Select the fault location to be on a Node, Line or Cable and specify the ID.

At

When the fault is applied along a line or cable, enter the percentage of the conductor length where the fault is applied.

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After the location of the fault is specified, then more specific information about the fault can be entered. Type

Define the type of the fault. It can be LLL, LLLG, LL, LLG or LG

Phase

Define on which phase is the fault. Depending on the fault type selected, the choice for the Phase will change.

Duration

Indicate whether the fault is a permanent fault or if it is a temporary fault with a known duration in seconds.

Furthermore, one can enable extra options as follows. Disable reclosing functionality for relays and reclosers

Enable this option to analyze the sequence of operations assuming no reclosing operations. Uncheck otherwise.

Disable instantaneous protection for relays and reclosers

Enable this option to analyze the sequence of operations assuming no instantaneous protection. Uncheck otherwise.

Display Tab The Display tab allows specifying whether any tracing is to be done in the one-line diagram to help visualize the sequence of operations simulated.

Display tracing

Select “Yes” or “No” to display or not any tracing in the one-line diagram which outlines the sequence of operations simulated.

Color

Select the color of the tracing.

Width

Set the width of the tracing.

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Report At the completion of the analysis, the Sequence of Operations report will appear.

The report details each operation with the following information: Sequence

The order of the operation

Time

The time, in seconds, at which the operation occurs

Event

The type of event, which can be open or close

Device Type

The type of the device which operated at the particular sequence

ID

The ID of the device. It is a hyperlink which will zoom into the device in the one-line diagram.

Fault Current

The fault current at the fault location after each operation

Fault Current at device

The fault current seen by the protective device after each operation

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6 – Reports Reports to display protective device settings data are available. They are explained in this chapter.

Device Report The Device Report lists the equipment ratings of a particular type of device. Depending on the protective device selected, the report lists information such as Manufacturer, Model/Device type, Rating, Control type, etc. The advantage of using a report is to display the settings of all devices of a particular type in one single report. To display the report of a particular device, go to the Detailed View tab of the Explorer Bar pane, right-click on a category name and select Report from the contextual menu. The report is displayed in the Reports section of the main display.

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Besides selecting the report to be displayed, the user can modify the existing reports and associate other reports to the contextual menu using the Customize option of the sub-menu. See the illustrations below and refer to the CYME Reference Manual at the Explorer Tab chapter for more details.

Modify existing reports

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Associate other reports

An example of a device report:

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TCC View Summary Report The TCC View Summary Report lists the settings of the devices in a branch shown in the current TCC view. To display the TCC View Summary Report, right-click on the TCC plot background and choose View Summary Report from the contextual menu.

The report lists different TCC settings of each protective device in the branch of the current TCC view. An example:

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7 – TCC Database In the Database > TCC Library menu, there are different options regarding the TCC Database.

Select a Database One can browse for the location of TCC library file to be used by going to Database > TCC Library > Select. Click on

to browse for the file and OK to connect to the selected database.

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Library Editor Go to Database > TCC Library > Library Editor.

One can modify the TCC Library by accessing the Library Editor. Click on View to arrange the list displayed on the left hand side to show Protective Devices, Manufacturers, Recloser Control Types, Cable Insulations, Cable Sizes, Relay Tap Ranges, Device Tolerance and Transformer Inrush. The display of each of the above categories would give access to different data that is pertinent to the category chosen, and these data can be modified.

Click on the Insert button to insert a new entry to the category currently being viewed. Click on the Remove button to remove an entry from the database permenantly. Click on this button to duplicate a selected entry in the database. Once a change is done, click on the Save button to save the change in the database. Click on Restore to revert the latest change made after the last save. Add the selected item to Export list to be exported later on. The export function will be explained in later sections.

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Click on this button to Close the Library Editor.

Import and Export Device Settings Device settings as seen in the Library Editor can be imported, or exported to another TCC Library. Go to Database > TCC Library > Import to import data from another database to the current database. Browse for the database from which the data is to be taken, and the data contained in the selected database will be listed. Use the checkboxes to select which device or categories of devices are to be imported. Click on Import when finished.

Go to Database > TCC Library > Export to export data from this database to another database. Click on Browse to select the destination database at which the exported data is to be stored. Use the checkboxes to select which device or categories of devices are to be exported. Click on Export when finished.

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Note:

If the list is empty, that means no device has been added to the Export List. To do so, please go to the Library Editor, select the desired device(s) and choose Add to Export.

In both the Import and Export dialog boxes, there are three buttons: Clear List

Click on this button to empty the whole list.

Remove

Select a category and click on Remove to remove that category from the list

Remove Selected

Click on Remove Selected to remove only the selected items (those with their checkbox enabled) from the list.

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Compact and Repair Go to Database > TCC Library > Compact/Repair to pack and repair the TCC Database. A pack operation would delete any database records that are no longer necessary for a MS Access database (MDB) file, and would try to repair the database if it contains errors. By packing and repairing the database, the size of the file will reduce.

Online Update Accessing the Online Update would allow the download of new curves to the TCC Library from the CYME web site. This command can be accessed through Database > TCC Library > Online Update. This feature is designed to keep your library up-to-date between the releases of new versions of CYME. Also, if you request a new curve to be added into CYME, it will be placed on our web site to be downloaded through this feature.

In the Library Online Update dialog box:   

The curves are grouped by device type in a tree view style It is possible to select many items at once. All the selected items will be added to the TCC Library by clicking on the Import button.

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

Click on the Proxy button to access the proxy settings in order to enter the Address, Port, Username and Password needed to access the internet through a proxy server.

The contents of the TCC database can be viewed using the Equipment Search tab of the Explorer Bar pane of the software.

Import Settings Database to a Self-Contained Study Studies made with version of CYME older than 5.02 used a setting database (*.tcs) file, which once imported, is no longer required as versions from 5.02 onwards save the protective device settings inside a selfcontained study. To upgrade a self-contained study and its settings database file to the new format, follow the steps outlined here below:  

Open the *.sxst self-contained study in CYME. Go to Analysis > Protective Device Coordination > Import TCS



Click on the browse button next to the File name field to browse for the *.tcs file that is associated with the self-contained file currently opened. Once the file is selected, click OK to start importing Once the *.tcs file import is completed successfully, go to File > Save Study as Self-Contained to save the self-contained study again along with the protective device settings in the new format.

 

This new file, when used again, will no longer require the *.tcs file as it now contains the protective device settings.

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Import Settings Database to a Database As mentioned in section Sequence of Operations, a *.tcs file is no longer required with a database of newer format, it is possible to import the *.tcs file directly into a database after the database has been upgraded to the new format. To import the *.tcs file into a database: 

Select the Database tab from the Explorer Bar pane and click on the Import link. The Import command can also be accessed through Database > Import.



The CYME Database Utilities dialog box appears. Choose Cymdist TCC Import v1.0 from the dropdown menu of Custom File(s). Click Next.



Select the *.tcs file associated with the database and the CYMTCC library (*.mdb) file that was used. The *.mdb file is usually found in the CYMTCC directory. Choose also the destination database to which both the *.tcs file and *.mdb file are to be imported. Click Next to import.

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Device Margin Mode – Intersection .................... 59 Device Margin Mode – Minimum Time Separation ....................................................... 61

Index

Device Margin Mode – Mouse ............................ 58 Device Margin Mode – Opening Times - % Pickup ............................................................. 64

Add Circle ............................................................ 83

Device Margin Mode – Opening Times – Ranges ............................................................ 63

Add Line .............................................................. 83

Device Margin Mode – S.O.O Short Circuit........ 59

Add Text .............................................................. 83

Device Margin Mode – S.O.O User Defined ...... 62

Advanced Settings .............................................. 34

Device Margin Mode – S.O.O. Range ................ 62

Branch Device Coordination ............................... 49

Device Margin Mode – User Defined ................. 60

Cable ................................................................... 40

Device Pickup Settings ..................................... 106

Cable Protection Report ............................ 100, 104

Device Report ................................................... 123

Clearing Analysis ................................................ 90

Display Tab ....................................................... 120

Clearing Report ................................................... 92

Display the Time-Current Plot ............................ 47

Clipping ................................................................. 5

Display Tool ........................................................ 82

Clipping Tab ........................................................ 80

Drawing Options ........................................... 52, 67

Cold Load Pickup Verification ........................... 102

Electromechanical .............................................. 25

Colors Tab ........................................................... 80

Electronic Recloser ............................................. 14

Common Settings ............................................ 5, 52

Electronic with TCC Setup Recloser .................. 15

Compact and Repair ......................................... 131

Equipment Search .............................................. 44

Conductor-Cable Damage Curve Verification ....................................................... 99

Export as a TCC Study ....................................... 68

Coordination Analyses ........................................ 85 Coordination Analysis ......................................... 94 Coordination Curves ............................................. 5 Coordination Report ............................................ 97 Copy Plot to Clipboard ........................................ 69 Creating the Protective Device in the Equipment Database ......................................... 3

Fuse ...................................................................... 7 General Settings ..................... 7, 10, 29, 38, 40, 64 General Tab ........................................................ 77 Global Curve Color Customization ..................... 71 Global Tag Customization .................................. 73 Grid Options........................................................ 76 Ground Fault ....................................................... 23

Current Scale ...................................................... 82

Hydraulic Three Phase Recloser ........................ 13

Curve Color Customization per TCC View.......... 72

Import and Export Device Settings ................... 129

Device Curve Display Options ............................ 52

Import Device Settings ....................................... 41

Device Margin ..................................................... 56

Import Device Settings to Data Repository ........ 43

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Import Device Settings to Section Properties ........................................................ 41 Import Settings Database to a Database .......... 133 Import Settings Database to a SelfContained Study ............................................ 132 Instantaneous ...................................................... 33 IntelliRupter® ...................................................... 20 Introduction ........................................................... 1 Library Editor ..................................................... 128 Live Preview ........................................................ 75 Loading Analysis ................................................. 87 Loading Report .................................................... 89 LVCB (Low Voltage Circuit Breaker) ................... 23 Magnetization Inrush ........................................... 39 Margin Anchor ..................................................... 64 Minimum Fault Analysis .................................... 105 Minimum Fault Reports ..................................... 111 Molded Case ....................................................... 24 Motor ................................................................... 40 Networks Tab .................................................... 109 OLD Tab .............................................................. 80 One-Line Diagram Coloring .............................. 118 Online Update ................................................... 131 Options Tab ....................................................... 110 Overtravel ............................................................ 35 Parameters Tab ........................................ 108, 119 Plotting Voltage ................................................... 82 Protection - Detailed.......................................... 112 Protection – Minimum Fault Abnormal Conditions ...................................................... 114 Protection – Minimum Fault Summary .............. 116 Protection Tab ................................................... 107 Recloser .............................................................. 10 Relays ................................................................. 28 Rename View ...................................................... 69 136  Index

Report ............................................................... 121 Reports ............................................................. 123 Ruler ................................................................... 55 Run Clearing Analysis ........................................ 91 Run Cold Load Pickup Verification ................... 102 Run Conductor-Cable Analysis .......................... 99 Run Coordination Analysis ................................. 96 Run Loading Analysis ......................................... 88 Run the Minimum Fault Analysis ...................... 107 Save in Repository ............................................... 6 Save TCC Views in Study .................................. 67 Select a Database ............................................ 127 Sequence............................................................ 10 Sequence of Operations ................................... 119 Set Clearing Criteria ........................................... 90 Set Coordination Criteria .................................... 94 Set Reach and Load Criteria .............................. 87 Setting up Protective Devices............................... 3 Setting up Short-Circuit Currents to be used ................................................................ 85 Short Time .......................................................... 32 Short-Circuit Arrows ........................................... 52 Short-Circuit Currents & FLC................................ 6 Show Curve of a Single Device .......................... 47 Single-Phase Recloser ....................................... 12 Solid State .......................................................... 26 Tag Customization per TCC View ...................... 74 TCC Curve Color Customization ........................ 71 TCC Database .................................................. 127 TCC Information Verification .............................. 45 TCC Tag Customization ..................................... 73 TCC View Summary Report ............................. 126 Test Points .......................................................... 37 Time-Current Plot Customization ....................... 71

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Time-Current Plot Tools ...................................... 55 Time-Current Plotting .......................................... 47 Title Block Tab .................................................... 81 Transformer ................................................... 38, 53 Update Simulation Results .................................. 83 VFI Adjustment ...................................................... 9 Vista Overcurrent Control...................................... 8 Warning Conditions ............................................. 66 X-Axis Tab ........................................................... 78 Y-Axis Tab ........................................................... 79

Index  137