Cuestionario de Microeconomia, Jose Daniel Yaxon Tzorin

 

RFHPBSYHKJ KB YJF IJSNLY KB MRJ[BOJNJ 

Iursl kb Ojirlbilfloïj

Iubsthlfjrhl slcrb nj Bilfloïj

 

RFHPBSYHKJK KB YJF IJSNLY KB MRJ[BOJNJ RYJI-IRFYLN Ilftjklr Q÷cnhil y Jukhtlr Iursl7 Ojirlbilfloïj Ijtbkrêthil7 Nhi. Mjcrhbn Jrhjs Slkrïmubz [boj7 Iubsthlfjrhl slcrb Bilfloïj

Bstukhjftb7 Glsè Kjfhbn Xjxùf [zlrïf

Fl. ijrfbt7 31:0;:2:3

Litjvl sbobstrb

Ylnlnê Jmlstl kb 3131

 

 

HFKHIB

Ilftbfhkl

HF[SLKRIIHLF ................................................................................................................................... : IRBY[HLFJSHL .................................................................................................................................... 3 ILFINRYHLFBY ................................................................................................................................... 0 CHCNHLMSJ@HJ ...................................................................................................................................... =

 

HF[SLKRIIHLF

Bn ilftbfhkl kb bstj kb nj crbvb kliuobftjihùf, trjtj slcrb nls jspbitls qub rbsjntjf nls lrïmbfbs y nj ehstlrhj kb nj Bilfloïj y nj kb sus kh`brbftbs rjojs qub nl ilf`lrojf, bf uf iubsthlfjrhl qub bs bn ilftbfhkl prhfihpjn kbn kliuobftl sb pubkb bftbfkbr nls kh`brbftbs ilfibptls kb nj Bilfloïj, ilol sb rbnjihlfj ilf nj slihbkjk, njs flrojs y nbybs qub sb prlounmjf pjrj su ojfbgl plr nls Bstjkls y bn b`bitl qub thbfb slcrb njs pbrslfjs sbm÷f sbj su jkohfhstrjihùf. Ilf `lrob ijochj bn thbopl tjochèf ijochjf njs `lrojs bf qub njs slihbkjkbs trjcjgjf y jkohfhstrjf njs boprbsjs, nls rbiursls, sus nbybs y bstl tjochèf nb kj ufj bvlnuihùf j nj ihbfihj bilfùohij.

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IRBY[HLFJSHL :) Bnjclrj ufj kb`hfhihùf prlphj, pbrl rjzlfjcnb kb BILFLOHJ

Bf uf prhfihphl sb pubkb kb`hfhr qub bs nj jkohfhstrjihùf kb nls rbiursls bsijsls nls iujnbs bstêf kbsthfjkls j nj sjths`jiihùf kb njs fbibshkjkbs kbn sbr euojfl bf mrupl ilol nl pubkb sbr ufj `johnhj bf uf elmjr, ufj iloufhkjk, uf Bstjkl l ufj Fjihùf, cusij nj `lroj kb uthnhzjr b`hijzobftb nls rbiursls pjrj jprlvbiejr sjijr bn oêxhol prlvbiel kb bnnl. 3) Kbsirhcj ¼Zuè prlcnbojs ej j`rlftjkl bn sbr euojfl j trjvès kbn prlibsl ehstùrhil slihjn< Ej j`rlftjkl bn prlcnboj cêshil kb ilol sjths`jibr sus fbibshkjkbs pjrj sus chbfbstjr y tjochèf nls obkhls sjths`jitlrbs l rbiursls ilf qub iubftj slf bsijsls bf ilopjrjihùf j nj jopnhj mjoj kb fbibshkjkbs plr sjths`jibr. sjt hs`jibr. 9) ¼Zuè ej ebiel bn sbr euojfl pjrj slnvbftjr kb obglr ojfbrj sus fbibshkjkbs<

Bn sbr prhohthvl, bf ilfsbiubfihj, eucl kb lptjr plr jmrupjrsb cjgl nbybs fjturjnbs kb jslihjihùf j `hf kb slnvbftjr kb obglr ojfbrj sus fbibshkjkbs, bstj `lroj kb jslihjihùf `ub obglrjfkl ilf bn kbvbfhr kb nls júls, ejstj qub `ubrlf hopnïihtjs y bxpnhihtjs nj flrojs bf njs qub sb nbs jshmfjcj tjrbjs. ;) ¼Iuênbs slf njs `lrojs mbfbrjnbs qub ejf jklptjkl njs khsthftjs slihbkjkbs, bf su olobftl

ehstùrhil, pjrj rbslnvbr sus prlcnbojs-slihjnbs. Cjgl bn rèmhobf ibftrjnhzjkl (bilfloïj pnjfh`hijkj) kb njs jithvhkjkbs bilfùohijs, pjrj rbmunjrnjs y prbvbr bn chbfbstjr kb tlkls nls ohbocrls kb nj slihbkjk (bilfloïj jutlrhtjrhj jutlrhtjrhj)) Cjgl bn rèmhobf nhcbrjn, kbgjfkl qub nls prlphls ohbocrls kb nj slihbkjk sb lrmjfhibf y pjrthihpbf plr sh ohsols bf nj slnuihùf kb nls prlcnbojs bilfùohils (bilfloïj kb obrijkl). 2)  Bxpnhqub sh bn thpl kb shstboj bilfùohil jklptjkl, sb pubkb lcsbrvjr ilf tlkj su purbzj

(tbùrhij) bf jnmufj slihbkjk jitujn. Yh l fl y, plr què. Yh plrqub bf nj jitujnhkjk, (ilf bxibpihùf rbnjthvj kb Iehfj, Iucj y jnmufls ltrls pjïsbs) nj ojylrïj kb pjïsbs prloubvbf y jit÷jf kbftrl kb uf rèmhobf kb bilfloïj ohxtj, ilf jntj tbfkbfihj ejihj nj bilfloïj kb obrijkl. Bn Bstjkl rbmunj, vhmhnj y supbrvhsj bn `ufihlfjohbftl kb bstb j trjvès kb nbybs qub prlounmj4 pbrl prhfihpjnobftb, sb bfijrmj kb prlkuihr sbrvhihls bkuijthvls, kb sbmurhkjk, hf`rjbstruiturj `ïshij ojirl y ilftrln kbn obkhl jochbftb. 0) ¼Iùol sb khvhkb nj bstruiturj tbùrhij kbnj ihbfihj bilfùohij<

Bilfloïj kbsirhpthvj [blrïj Bilfùohij Qlnïthij Bilfùohij (QHNLÚJ LS[HW, 31:=) 3

 

=) Kbftrl kb nj bstruiturj kb nj ihbfihj, qub pjrtb kb nj bilfloïj sb bfijrmj kbn trjcjgl ihbftï`hil

kb hfvbsthmjihùf. Nj Bilfloïj Kbsirhpthvj kbsirhpthvj< 5) ¼Zuè jcjrij, l qub sb rb`hbrb nj bilfloïj kbsirhpthvj< Bs nj bfijrmjkj kbn trjcjgl ihbftï`hil kb hfvbsthmjihùf. Rthnhzj oètlkls y tèifhijs kb hfvbsthmjihùf ilf bn lcgbtl kb hftbrprbtjr nj rbjnhkjk lcgbthvj kb nls `bfùobfls qub ilrrbsplfkbf jn êochtl bilfùohil. 8) Iujn bs bn lcgbtl kb nj tblrïj Bilfùohij< Kbsirïcjnl

Sbilmb nj hfobfsj khvbrshkjk kb kjtls injsh`hijkls qub nb prlplrihlfj nj Bilfloïj Kbsirhpthvj4 bn ihbftï`hil l mrupl kb ihbftï`hils (bilflohstjs) (bilflohstjs) jfjnhzjf, shftbthzjf, jcstrjbf, ilopjrjf, kbkuibf l hfkuibf ilfinushlfbs ilfinushlfbs qub mbfbrjnhzjf j trjvès kb nj tblrhzjih tblrhzjihùf. ùf. Kb bstj ojfbrj sb ilf`lroj bn iubrpl shstbojthzjkl kb ilflihohbftls qub nb kj bn ijrêitbr kb ihbfihj. :1) ¼kb què sb bfijrmj nj plnïthij bilfùohij, hfkhqub qub obijfhsols l obkhls uthnhzj<

Bs nj bfijrmjkj kb jpnhijr j nj rbjnhkjk obkhkjs, flrojs l nbybs qub hfkuibf y ilfkuibf nj jithvhkjk bilfùohij ejihj lcgbthvls prbvhjobftb bstjcnbihkls kb jiubrkl jn prlphl shstboj bilfùohil qub rhmb bf bsj pjrthiunjr slihbkjk. J trjvès kb hfstruobftls bspbiï`hils kb plnïthij, flrojs, lrhbftj b hfkuib njs jithvhkjkbs bilfùohijs ejihj nj ilfsbiuihùf kb nls lcgbtls prlpubstls. ::) Jfjnhib y kbsirhcj quhbf `lrojnobftb prlounmj nj ojylrïj kb obkhkjs kb plnïthij bilfùohij

bf bstb pjïs4 ¼Zuè mrupl slihjn l bilfùohil hf`nuyb ilf ojylr sbvbrhkjk bf tjnbs kbihshlfbs< Flrojnobftb bf bn pjïs kb Mujtbojnj nj obkhkjs kb plnïthij bilfùohij nls prlounmj bn Bstjkl l nls mlcbrfjftbs plnïthils y quhbfbs hf`nuybf ojylrobftb o jylrobftb bf bsjs kbihshlfbs bs bn sbitlr hfkustrhjn pubs sb ej vhstl qub mrjfkbs boprbsjs kb cbchkjs, boprbsj kb vbftj kb prlkuitls kb ilfsuol khjrhl y tjochèf supbrobrijkls shboprb ejf tbfhkl j`nubfihj ilf nj jpnhijihùf kb flrojs bilfloïjs. :3) bs nl ohsol plnïthij bilfùohij qub bilfloïj plnïthij4 sh fl y ¼Qlr què<

Fl, plrqub nj plnïthij bilfùohij khib ilol kbcbf sbr nls ebiels. Lrhbftj, hfkuibf l ilfkhihlfj j nj bilfloïj j trjvès kb rbmnjs, hfstruobftls l obkhkjs kb plnïthij bilfùohij. Qlr bn njkl ilftrjrhl nj Bilfloïj Qlnïthij bs ufj rjoj kb nj ihbfihj bilfùohij qub bstukhj ilol, kbskb bn mlchbrfl, sb lrmjfhzj nj prlkuiihùf, khstrhcuihùf, hftbrijochl y ilfsuol kb chbfbs y sbrvhihls bf njs khsthftjs slihbkjkbs, bstj ojtbrhj jfjnhzj ilol nls Bstjkls jkohfhstrjf nj Bilfloïj. (QHNLÚJ LS[HW, 31:=)

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bftbfkbrsb plr prhfih prhfihphls phls flrojthvls bf Bilfloïj< Bilfloïj< Ybnbiihlfb Ybnbiihlfb jnmufls bgbopnls bgbopnls :9)  ¼ qub kbcb bftbfkbrsb kb fubstrj slihbkjk. Bstj nls mbfbrj nj Qlnïthij Bilfùohij, plr iujftl bstj khib iùol kbcbf sbr nls ebiels. Lrhbftj, hfkuib l ilfkhihlfj j nj Bilfloïj j trjvès kb rbmnjs, hfstruobftls l obkhkjs kb plnïthij bilfùohij. jnmufls bgbopnls qub plkbols obfihlfjr qub rhmbf jitujnobftb bf fubstrl pjïs kb Mujtbojnj slf nls Hopubstls, plnïthijs olfbtjrhjs. :;) ¼Iuênbs slf njs khvhshlfbs kb nj tblrïjt blrïj- l jfênhshs bilfùohil<

Nj Ohirlbilfloïj y nj Ojirlbilfloïj :2) ¼Zuè bstukhj nj OHISLBILFLOHJ< OHISLBILFLOHJ<

Yb bfijrmj kbn jfênhshs kbn iloplrtjohbftl bilfùohil kb nls bftbs hfkhvhkujnbs (prlkuitlr y ilfsuohklr) :0) ¼j quhèf sb nb ilfshkbrj bn `ufkjklr kb nj Ohirlbilfloïj y plr què<

Yb khib qub Jkjo Yohte bs bn `ufkjklr kb nj Ohirlbilfloïj yj qub `ub quhbf ilfshkbrl bf su nhcrl nj Shqubzj kb njs Fjihlfbs, ilol sb `hgjf nls prbihls, bstukhl nj kbtbrohfjihùf kb nls prbihls kb nj thbrrj, kbn trjcjgl y kbn ijphtjn b hfvbsthml njs iujnhkjkbs y kb`bitls kbn obijfhsol kbn obrijkl. Ohirlbilfloïj< :=) ¼Iuênbs slf nls prhfihpjnbs tbojs qub jcjrij bn bstukhl kb nj Ohirlbilfloïj< [blrïj kb nj boprbsj, tblrïj kbn ilfsuohkls, tblrïj kb nj prlkuiihùf, tblrïj kb nj khstrhcuihùf. :5) Flocrb jnmufls kb nls prhfihpjnbs bilflohstjs qub shstbojthzjrlf bn ilflihohbftl tbùrhil kb

nj Bilfloïj. Jkjo Yohte, Kjvhk Shijrkl, Gelf Ytujrt y Gbjf Cjpthstb Yjy. :8)  ¼Iùol sb nnjoj bn bilflohstj qub shftbthzl tlkl bn kbsjrrlnn kbsjrrlnnl l fblinêshil kbnj Bilfloïj<

Jn`rbk Ojrsejnn 31) ¼Zuè bstukhj nj Ojirlbilfloïj<

Yb bfijrmj kbn jfênhshs kbn iloplrtjohbftl bilfùohil kb njs ojmfhtukbs mnlcjnbs, bn irbihohbftl y bn kbsjrrlnnl. 3:) ¼Zuè suc-tblrïjs hftbmrjf nj Ojirlbilfloïj<

[blrïj kb nls mrjfkbs jmrbmjkls, tblrïj mbfbrjn kbn bquhnhcrhl y bn irbihohbftl, tblrïj kbn kbsjrrlnnl, tblrïj kb nj olfbkj, tblrïj kb `hfjfzjs p÷cnhijs, tblrïj kb njs rbnjihlfbs hftbrfjihlfjnbs. (QHNLÚJ LS[HW, 31:=)  hftbrfjihlfjnbs. (QHNLÚJ 31:=)  ;

 

33) ¼Iuên bs nj kh`brbfihj bftrb „boprbsj‟ b „hfkustrhj‟<  

Nj hfkustrhj bs bn ilfguftl kb prlibsls y jithvhkjkbs qub thbfbf ilol `hfjnhkjk trjfs`lrojr njs ojtbrhjs prhojs bf prlkuitls bnjclrjkls l sboh- bnjclrjkls bstê fbibshtj ojquhfjrhj y rbiursls euojfls y ufj boprbsj bs ufj hfsthtuihùf l jmbftb bilfùohil qub tloj kbihshlfbs slcrb nj uthnhzjihùf kb `jitlrbs kb nj prlkuiihùf pjrj lctbfbr nls chbfbs y sbrvhihls qub sb l`rbibf bf bn obrijkl. 39) ¼Iuêftls y ilol sb kbflohfjf s nls sbitlrbs qub pjrthihpjf bf uf shstboj bilfùohil<

Ylf trbs sbitlrbs nls iujnbs slf7 sbitlr prhojrhl Jmrhiunturj, Ybitlr sbiufkjrhl Hfkustrhj y Ybitlr tbrihjrhl Ybrvhihls. 3;) Jfjnhib y kbsirhcj njs sbobgjfzjs y njs kh`brbfihjs ojfh`hbstjs bf nls sbitlrbs bilfùohils. Bf ijkj sbitlr sb kbsbfvubnvbf „pbrslfjs‟ qub slf ilfsuohklrbs y boprbsjs qub slf

prlkuitlrbs, ijkj iujn bgbrihbfkl ufj jithvhkjk, tlojfkl ( jiihùf l ebiel bilfùohil pjrthiunjr) tlojfkl kbihshlfbs kb ilfsuol „hfkustrhj‟.  Ijkj sbitlr thbfb pubs7 pbrslfjs, boprbsjs, b hfkustrhjs qub slf sugbtls pjrthiunjrbs kbn bstukhl ohirlbilfùohil. Ejihj bn hftbrhlr kb ijkj sbitlr y bftrb ijkj sbitlr, sb kbsjrrlnnj o÷nthpnbs y vjrhjkjs `lrojs kb hftbrjiihùf (iloprj-vbftj kb prlkuitls y `jitlrbs) qub nb kjf khfjohsol jn shstboj qub bf su ilfguftl bs nj „Bilfloïj‟ kb ufj slihbkjk.  32) jfjnhib y kbkuzij bn ilstl kb lplrtufhkjk qub thbfb ustbk bstukhjr ufj ijrrbrj ufhvbrshtjrhj4 y,

kbgjr kb bstukhjrnj. Bn sbmuhr bstukhjfkl nj ufhvbrshkjk ob prlvbb nj lplrtufhkjk kb tbfbr oês ilflihohbftl hftbnbitujn y tjochèf tbfbr obglrbs lplrtufhkjkbs kb tbfbr uf cubf bopnbl y bf iujftl jn ilstl kb sbmuhr bstukhjfkl jpjrtb kb nls mjstls olfbtjrhls qub kb ufj u ltrj `lroj shboprb sb mjstb sb bstê bstukhjfkl l fl tjochèf ilstjrïj bn fl plkbr rbjnhzjr jnm÷f ltrl subúl l obtj qub sb thbfb bf obftb plr bn `jitlr thbopl plr nj kbkhijtlrhj j bstukhjr ejstj `hfjnhzjr nj ijrrbrj j bstukhjr. 30)  ¼Iuên bs bn jplrtb `ufkjobftjn bf nj kb`hfhihùf kb „bilfloïj‟ qub bxprbsjf nls jutlrbs

Ijsb&`hrb< Qrbvè bn ilfibptl kb nj „sustbftjchnhkjk‟ ilfibptl ojfbgjkl kbskb :883, j rjïz kb nj Iuocrb kb

Shl kb Gjfbhrl Ilf`brbfihj kb njs Fjihlfbs Rfhkjs Ylcrb Obkhl Jochbftb y Kbsjrrlnnl, bf klfkb, bf nj nnjojkj Jmbfkj 3: prlinjol bftbrjobftb trjsibfkbftjn pjrj bn `uturl kb nj bspbihb euojfj7 qub bn kbsjrrlnnl `uturl hfilrplrb pnbfjobftb nj prltbiihùf kbn obkhl jochbftb, y jthbfkj bf pjrthiunjr bn lcgbthvl kb nbmjr j njs mbfbrjihlfbs `uturjs bn jiibsl j nls rbiursls fjturjnbs, kbchkjobftb prltbmhkls. (QHNLÚJ LS[HW, 31:=)

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ILFINRYHLFBY

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Bf uf prhfihphl sb pubkb kb`hfhr qub nj bilfloïj bs nj jkohfhstrjihùf kb nls rbiursls bsijsls nls iujnbs bstêf kbsthfjkls j nj sjths`jiihùf kb njs fbibshkjkbs kbn sbr euojfl bf mrupl ilol nl pubkb sbr ufj `johnhj bf uf elmjr.

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Bn sbr euojfl ej j`rlftjkl bn prlcnboj cêshil kb ilol sjths`jibr sus fbibshkjkbs pjrj su chbfbstjr y tjochèf nls obkhls sjths`jitlrbs l rbiursls ilf qub iubftj slf bsijsls.

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Nj plnïthij bilfùohij bs nj bfijrmjkj kb jpnhijr j nj rbjnhkjk obkhkjs, flrojs l nbybs qub hfkuibf y ilfkuibf nj jithvhkjk bilfùohij ejihj lcgbthvls prbvhjobftb bstjcnbihkls kb jiubrkl jn prlphl shstboj bilfùohil qub rhmb bf bsj pjrthiunjr slihbkjk.

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Njs kls khvhshlfbs kb nj tblrïj bilfùohij slf7 Nj Ohirlbilfloïj y nj Ojirlbilfloïj.

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Nj Ojirlbilfloïj Yb bfijrmj kbn jfênhshs kbn iloplrtjohbftl bilfùohil kb njs ojmfhtukbs mnlcjnbs, bn irbihohbftl y bn kbsjrrlnnl.

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Ylf trbs sbitlrbs nls qub pjrthihpjf bf uf shstboj bilfùohil qub slf7 sbitlr prhojrhl Jmrhiunturj, Ybitlr sbiufkjrhl Hfkustrhj y Ybitlr tbrihjrhl Ybrvhihls.

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CHCNHLMSJ@HJ  CHCNHLMSJ@HJ 

Jpuftbs kb Ohirlbilfloïj, jfênhshs bilfùohil :, tblrïj kb nj kbojfkj kb nj prlkuiihùf y kb nj l`brtj. Kb Mjcrhbn Jn`rbkl Qhnlúj Lrthz (QHNLÚJ LS[HW, 31:=)

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