CST131_Tutorial1_1718

School of Computer Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia CST131 – Computer Organisation Academic Session 2017/2018 Semester 1

TUTORIAL 1 Introduction, Computer Evolution, and Number Systems 1.

How are the four main structural components of a computer and the four main structural components of a central processing unit (CPU) similar or different? Four main structural components of a computer is system interconnection, main memory, CPU, I/O devices. Four main structural components of a CPU is control unit, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), registers, CPU interconnections. Similarities between both of the main structural components of a computer and a CPU is that the main memory and the registers. The function is to store data. Other than that, both the system interconnections and CPU interconnections function is to provide connection within the other main structural components. Finally, the CPU is the heart of the computer whereas the CU is the heart of the CPU. All processes and activities are performed. Lastly, the ALU in CPU performs all arithmetic and logic operations whereas the I/O devices differentiates in function by providing a channel between computer and the environment.

2.

Why was the stored program concept developed? State the components of IAS computer and briefly show the structure of the IAS computer.

3.

Consider the following instructions and the number of cycles that are required to complete those instructions. Instruction A B C D E

Cycles per Instruction 5 3 4 6 10

Calculate the average number of cycles (or effective CPI) required to execute one each of instruction A, B, C, D, and E. 4.

Assume a processor is able to process 30,500,000 instructions in 0.011 seconds. Calculate the MIPS rate.

5.

Assume a 1.0 GHz processor requires 4 cycles to complete each instruction. Calculate the MIPS rate.

6.

A benchmark program consisting of 150,000 instructions is executed on a 1.2 GHz processor. The program’s instruction mix and clock cycle count are as follows: Instruction Type Integer arithmetic Data transfer Floating point Control transfer

Instruction Count 65,000 50,000 20,000 15,000

Cycles per Instruction 4 3 4 3

Determine the effective CPI, MIPS rate, and execution time for the program.

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7.

A computer with 2 processors is used to execute a program with 100,000 instructions assuming that there are no dependencies in all the instructions. Each instruction requires 1 nanosecond to execute. (a) Calculate the time (in nanoseconds) required to execute all the instructions sequentially. (b) Calculate the time required to execute all the instructions in parallel. (c) Calculate the speedup obtained when i. none of the instructions could be executed in parallel ii. all of the instructions could be executed in parallel iii. 30% of the instructions could be executed in parallel (d) The computer is then upgraded to having a hypothetically infinite number of processors. Calculate the speedup obtained when 30% of the instructions could be executed in parallel.

8.

Fill in the tables with the equivalent values in the requested base: Decimal

Binary

Octal

Hexadecimal

888

(i) ____________

(ii) ___________

(iii) ___________

Decimal

Binary

Octal

Hexadecimal

(iv) ___________

10011001.10

(v) ___________

(vi) ___________

Decimal

Binary

Octal

Hexadecimal

(vii) __________

CAB.FAD

- oooOooo -

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