Criterios de Decisi N en Ambientes
November 29, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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KVHTCVHA[ DC DCKH[HÛ@ C@ MOFHC@TC DC VHC[GA.
Eas prakcsas dc dckhshû` c` mofhc`tc dc rhcsga sc kmrmktcrhzm` parquc pucdc msakhmrsc u`m prafmfhehdmd dc akurrc`khm m kmdm cstmda dc em `mturmeczm, prafmfhehdmdcs quc sa` ka`akhdms a pucdc` scr csthomdms par ce dckhsar m`tcs dce prakcsa dc taom dc dckhsha`cs. Eas dhjcrc`tcs krhtcrhas dc dckhshû` c` mofhc`tc dc rhcsga sc fmsm` c` cstmdïsthkas msakhmdas m em dhstrhfukhû` dc prafmfhehdmd dc eas rcsuetmdas. Megu`as dc cstas krhtcrhas sc mpehkm` safrc em tatmehdmd dc ems metcr`mthvms, ohc`trms quc atras sûea thc`c` c` kuc`tm u` sufka`lu`ta dc ceems, ka`shdcrm`da ems rcstm`tcs pcarcs, par ea `a quc cstí` prcsc`tcs c` ce prakcsa dc taom dc dckhsha`cs. Eas prh`khpmecs krhtcrhas dc dckhshû` copecmdas safrc tmfems dc dckhshû` c` mofhc`tc dc rhcsga sa`<
Krhtcrha dce vmear cspcrmda.
Krhtcrha dc oï`hom vmrhm`zm ka` ocdhm mkatmdm.
Krhtcrha dc em ocdhm ka` vmrhm`zm mkatmdm.
Krhtcrha dc em dhspcrshû`.
Krhtcrha dc em prafmfhehdmd oíxhom.
Em tèk`hkm dce Írfae pmrm em Taom dc Dckhsha`cs .
Tadas cstas krhtcrhas scrí` mpehkmdas me prafecom dc dckhshû` fmla rhcsga kuym tmfem dc rcsuetmdas jhgurm m ka`th`umkhû`< ka`th`umkhû` < (Tmfem6)
Cstmdas dc em @mturmeczm Metcr`mthvms dc Dckhsha`cs C=
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Tmfem 6< Mofhc`tc Fmla Vhcsga =.=.= KVHTCVHA DCE ZMEAV C[^CVMDA
Ce rcsuetmda a vmear cspcrmda pmrm em metcr`mthvm mh, quc `atmrcoas CYV(mh)_, vhc`c dmda par<
^ar ea quc ce krhtcrha dce vmear cspcrmda rcsuetm scr<
Afsèrvcsc quc cstm rcgem dc dckhshû` cs u`m gc`crmehzmkhû` dce krhtcrha dc Empemkc c` em quc dcsmpmrckc ce rcquhshta dc cquhprafmfhehdmd pmrm eas dhjcrc`tcs cstmdas dc em `mturmeczm. ^mrthc`da dc em tmfem clcopea, em shguhc`tc omtrhz oucstrm ce rcsuetmda cspcrmda pmrm kmdm u`m dc ems metcr`mthvms.
=.=.=.=
CLCO^EA
^mrm cstc kmsa sc uthehzmrí em tmfem dc mofhc`tc fmla rhcsga dcskrhtm m`tcrharoc`tc. [c dcscm smfcs kume metcr`mthvm sc dcfc taomr. [c kmekuem` eas vmearcs cspcrmdas karrcspa`dhc`tcs pmrm kmdm metcr`mthvm, ocdhm`tc em shguhc`tc jarom<
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Cstmdas dc em @mturmeczm Metcr`mthvms dc Dckhsha`cs C=
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Em metcr`mthvm ûpthom scgü` ce krhtcrha dce vmear cspcrmda scrïm M6, pucs praparkha`m ce oíxhoa dc eas vmearcs cspcrmdas
=.=.6 KVHTCVHA DC OÏ@HOM ZMVHM@\M KA@ OCDHM MKATMDM
^mrm em uthehzmkhû` dc cstc krhtcrha sc ka`shdcrm` cxkeushvmoc`tc ems metcr`mthvms mh kuya vmear cspcrmda CYV(m)_ scm omyar a hgume quc u`m ka`stm`tc I jhlmdm par ce dckhsar.
^mrm kmdm u`m dc ems metcr`mthvms mh quc kuopem cstm ka`dhkhû` sc dctcroh`m em vmrhm`zm ZYV(mh)_ dc sus rcsuetmdas<
y sc sceckkha`m em quc prcsc`tc oc`ar vmrhm`zm, dc cstm jarom sc ka`shguc em ceckkhû` dc u`m metcr`mthvm ka` pakm vmrhmfhehdmd c` sus rcsuetmdas y quc praparkha`m, par tèroh`a ocdha, u` rcsuetmda `a dcomshmda pcqucýa. C` rcsuoc`, ce krhtcrha dc oï`hom vmrhm`zm ka` ocdhm mkatmdm cs ce shguhc`tc<
=.=.6.=
CLCO^EA
^mrm cstc kmsa sc uthehzmrí em tmfem dc mofhc`tc fmla rhcsga dcskrhtm m`tcrharoc`tc. [c dcscm smfcs kume metcr`mthvm sc dcfc taomr. [c kmekuem` ems vmrhm`zms karrcspa`dhc`tcs pmrm kmdm metcr`mthvm, ocdhm`tc em shguhc`tc jarom<
Z=? >.6*==6 + >.6*86 +>.3*==6 +>.=*26 -=>.;6?=.6=
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Z;? >.6*26 + >.6*==6 +>.3*=>6 +>.=*==6 -8.86?=.>8
Em shguhc`tc tmfem oucstrm ce rcsuetmda cspcrmda y su vmrhm`zm pmrm kmdm u`m dc ems metcr`mthvms.
Metcr`mthvms dc
Cstmdas dc em @mturmeczm
Dckhsha`cs
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[h ce dckhsar sceckkha`m u` vmear => pmrm em ka`stm`tc I, qucdmrïm cxkeuhdm dce prakcsa dc dckhshû` em metcr`mthvm M;, quc cs em quc pascc oc`ar vmrhm`zm. Cxkeuhdm èstm, em ceckkhû` ûpthom karrcspa`dc m em metcr`mthvm M=, pucs cs em quc pascc oc`ar vmrhm`zm c`trc ems quc kuopec` em ka`dhkhû` CYV(mh)_=>.
=.=.; KVHTCVHA DC EM OCDHM KA@ ZMVHM@\M MKATMDM.
^mrm em uthehzmkhû` dc cstc krhtcrha sc ka`shdcrm` cxkeushvmoc`tc ems metcr`mthvms m kuym vmrhm`zm ZYV(m)_ scm oc`ar a hgume quc u`m ka`stm`tc I jhlmdm par ce dckhsar. ^mrm kmdm u`m dc ems metcr`mthvms mh quc kuopem cstm ka`dhkhû` sc dctcroh`m ce vmear cspcrmda CYV(mh)_ dc sus rcsuetmdas,
y sc sceckkha`m em quc prcsc`tc omyar vmear cspcrmda, dc cstm jarom sc ka`shguc em ceckkhû` dc u`m metcr`mthvm ka` pakm vmrhmfhehdmd c` sus rcsuetmdas y quc praparkha`m, par tèroh`a ocdha, u` fuc` rcsuetmda. C` rcsuoc`, ce krhtcrha dc em ocdhm ka` vmrhm`zm mkatmdm cs ce shguhc`tc<
=.=.;.=
CLCO^EA
^mrthc`da dce clcopea heustrmthva m`tcrhar sc uthehzmrí em tmfem dc mofhc`tc fmla rhcsga dcskrhtm. [c dcscm smfcs kume metcr`mthvm sc dcfc taomr. [c kmekuem` ems vmrhm`zms karrcspa`dhc`tcs pmrm kmdm metcr`mthvm.
Em shguhc`tc tmfem oucstrm ce rcsuetmda cspcrmda y su vmrhm`zm pmrm kmdm u`m dc ems metcr`mthvms.
Metcr`mthvms dc
Cstmdas dc em @mturmeczm
Dckhsha`cs C=
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[h ce dckhsar sceckkha`m u` vmear 6> pmrm em ka`stm`tc I, qucdmrïm cxkeuhdm dce prakcsa dc dckhshû` em metcr`mthvm M6, qquc uc cs em quc pascc omyar vmrhm`zm. Cxkeuhdm èstm, em
ceckkhû` ûpthom karrcspa`dc m em metcr`mthvm M=, pucs cs em quc pascc omyar vmear cspcrmda c`trc ems quc kuopec` em ka`dhkhû` dc em vmrhm`zm.
=.=.4 KVHTCVHA DC DH[^CV[HÛ@
^mrm kmdm metcr`mthvm mh sc kmekuem ce shguhc`tc vmear ocdha karrcghda<
Da`dc I cs u`m vmear jhlmda par ce dckhsar, y sc sceckkha`m em dc omyar vmear rcsuetm`tc. Dc cstm jarom sc ka`shguc ehohtmr em h`jeuc`khm dc metcr`mthvms ka` u` vmear cspcrmda grm`dc, pcra tmofhè` metm vmrhmfhehdmd. ^ar tm`ta, ce krhtcrha dc dhspcrshû` pucdc rcsuohrsc dc em shguhc`tc jarom<
=.=.4.=
CLCO^EA
^mrthc`da dce clcopea heustrmthva dc dckhshû` fmla rhcsga, em shguhc`tc tmfem oucstrm, pmrm kmdm u`m dc ems metcr`mthvms, ce vmear cspcrmda, em vmrhm`zm y ce vmear cspcrmda karrcghda karrcspa`dhc`tc m u` jmktar I?6. [c kmekuem` eas vmearcs ocdhas karrcghdas karrcspa`dhc`tcs pmrm kmdm metcr`mthvm, ocdhm`tc em shguhc`tc jarom<
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Metcr`mthvms dc
Cstmdas dc em @mturmeczm
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Em metcr`mthvm ûpthom scgü` ce krhtcrha dc dhspcrshû` scrïm M=, pucs praparkha`m ce oíxhoa dc eas vmearcs karrcghdas.
=.=.3 KVHTCVHA DC EM ^VAFMFHEHDMD OÍRHOM
^mrm kmdm metcr`mthvm mh sc dctcroh`m em prafmfhehdmd dc quc em vmrhmfec mecmtarhm quc praparkha`m ce rcsuetmda taoc u` vmear omyar a hgume quc u`m ka`stm`tc I jhlmdm par ce dckhsar< X sc sceckkha`m mquceem metcr`mthvm ka` omyar prafmfhehdmd msakhmdm. ^ar tm`ta, ce krhtcrha dc prafmfhehdmd oíxhom pucdc rcsuohrsc dc em shguhc`tc jarom<
=.=.3.=
CLCO^EA
^mrthc`da dce clcopea heustrmthva dc dckhshû` fmla rhcsga, em shguhc`tc tmfem oucstrm, pmrm kmdm u`m dc ems metcr`mthvms, ce vmear v mear dc em pprafmfhehdmd rafmfhehdmd oíxhom oíx hom karrcspa`dhc`tc m u` jmktar I?=> [c kmekuem` eas vmearcs dc prafmfhehdmd karrcspa`dhc`tcs pmrm kmdm metcr`mthvm, ocdhm`tc em shguhc`tc jarom< [c dcfc` aftc`cr em suom dc ems prafmfhehdmdcs dc mquceems metcr`mthvms kuyms vmearcs scm` hgume a omyar m i
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Cstmdas dc em @mturmeczm Metcr`mthvms dc Dckhsha`cs C=
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Em metcr`mthvm ûpthom scgü` ce krhtcrha dc prafmfhehdmd oíxhom scrïm M;, pucs praparkha`m em oíxhom prafmfhehdmd
=.=.: EM TÈK@HKM DCE ÍVFAE ^MVM EM TAOM DC DCKH[HA@C[
Ce írfae cs u`m cxkcec`tc myudm pmrm em ceckkhû` c`trc vmrhas kursas dc mkkhû`. ^ravcc` u`m cstrukturm suomoc`tc cjckthvm dc`tra dc em kume csthomr kumecs sa` ems apkha`cs c h`vcsthgmr ems pashfecs ka`sckuc`khms dc sceckkha`mr kmdm u`m dc ceems. Tmofhè` myudm` m ka`struhr u`m homgc` fmem`kcmdm dc eas rhcsgas y rckaopc`sms msakhmdas ka` kmdm pashfec kursa dc mkkhû`. C` rcsuoc`, eas írfaecs dc dckhshû` pravcc` u` oètada cjckthva pmrm em taom dc dckhsha`cs dcfhda m quc<
Kemrmoc`tc pem`tcm` ce prafecom pmrm quc tadms ems apkha`cs scm` m`mehzmdms.
^crohtc` m`mehzmr tatmeoc`tc ems pashfecs ka`sckuc`khms dc taomr u`m dckhshû`.
^ravcc` u` csqucom pmrm kum`thjhkmr ce kasta dc u` rcsuetmda y em prafmfhehdmd dc quc sukcdm.
@as myudm m rcmehzmr ems oclarcs dckhsha`cs safrc em fmsc dc em h`jaromkhû` cxhstc`tc y dc ems oclarcs supashkha`cs.
Ehohtmkha`cs dc eas írfaecs dc dckhshû` S` írfae dc dckhshû` dm u`m fuc`m dcskrhpkhû` vhsume c` prafecoms rcemthvmoc`tc shopecs, pcra su kaopeclhdmd muoc`tm cxpa`c`khmeoc`tc m ocdhdm quc sc mgrcgm` ctmpms mdhkha`mecs. C` megu`ms shtumkha`cs, em cspckhjhkmkhû` dc em h`kcrthduofrc m trmvès dc prafmfhehdmdcs dhskrctms rcsuetm c` u`m safrc shopehjhkmkhû` s hopehjhkmkhû` dce prafecom.
=.=.:.=
KAOA DHFSLMV S@ ÍVFAE DC DCKH[HA@C[.
^mrm kaoc`zmr m dhfulmr u` írfae dc dckhshû` dcfcoas cskrhfhr kuíe cs em dckhshû` quc `ckcshtmoas taomr. [c dhfulm u` rckumdra pmrm rcprcsc`tmr csta c` em pmrtc hzquhcrdm dc u`m pígh`m grm`dc dc pmpce. Dcsdc cstc rckumdra sc dcfc` dhfulmr eï`cms bmkhm em dcrckbm pmrm kmdm pashfec saeukhû`, y cskrhfhr kuíe cs em saeukhû` safrc kmdm eï`cm. [c dcfc om`tc`cr ems eï`cms ea oís mpmrtmdms pashfecs pmrm padcr cxpm`dhr tm`ta kaoa sc pucdm ce csqucom. Me jh`me dc kmdm eï`cm sc dcfc csthomr kuíe pucdc scr ce rcsuetmda. [h cstc rcsuetmda cs h`khcrta, sc pucdc dhfulmr u` pcqucýa kïrkuea. [h ce rcsuetmda cs atrm dckhshû` quc `ckcshtm scr taomdm, sc dcfc dhfulmr atra rckumdra. Eas rckumdras rcprcsc`tm` dckhsha`cs, y eas kïrkueas rcprcsc`tm` rcsuetmdas h`khcrtas. [c dcfc cskrhfhr em dckhshû` a ce kmusm`tc mrrhfm dc eas kumdras a kïrkueas. [h sc kaopectm em saeukhû` me jh`me dc em eï`cm, sc pucdc dclmr c` fem`ka. Kaoc`zm`da par eas rckumdras dc u`m `ucvm dckhshû` c` ce dhmgrmom, sc dhfulm` eï`cms quc smegm` rcprcsc`tm`da ems apkha`cs quc padcoas sceckkha`mr. Dcsdc eas kïrkueas sc dcfc` dhfulmr eï`cms quc rcprcsc`tc` ems pashfecs ka`sckuc`khms. @ucvmoc`tc sc dcfc bmkcr u`m pcqucým h`skrhpkhû` h`s krhpkhû` safrc ems eï`cms quc dhgm` quc shg`hjhkm`. [cguhr rcmehzm`da csta bmstm quc tc`gmoas dhfulmda tm`tms ka`sckuc`khms y dckhsha`cs kaoa scm pashfec vcr msakhmdms m em dckhshû` arhgh`me. M ka`th`umkhû` sc h`dhkm u`m dcskrhpkhû` pmsa m pmsa dc kûoa ka`struhr u` írfae dc dckhsha`cs< =. Dhfulc ce írfae dc dckhsha`cs usm`da kumdrmdas pmrm rcprcsc`tmr ems dckhsha`cs y kïrkueas pmrm rcprcsc`tmr em h`kcrthduofrc. 6. Cvmeüc ce írfae dc dckhsha`cs, pmrm vcrhjhkmr quc sc bm` h`keuhda tadas eas rcsuetmdas pashfecs. ;. Kmekuec eas vmearcs dce írfae trmfmlm`da c` rctrakcsa, dce emda dcrckba me hzquhcrda. 4. Kmekuec eas vmearcs dc eas `adas dc rcsuetmda h`khcrta ouethpehkm`da ce vmear dc eas rcsuetmdas par su prafmfhehdmd (cs dckhr, eas vmearcs cspcrmdas).
=.=.:.6
CLCO^EA
S`m coprcsm dcfc taomr u`m dckhshû` c` kum`ta m h`vcrthr c` em rcmehzmkhû` dc u` `ucva pradukta a c` em ka`saehdmkhû` dc u` pradukta ym cxhstc`tc. M ka`th`umkhû` sc h`dhkm` sus prafmfhehdmdcs, kastas y gm`m`khms msakhmdms< Ce `ucva pradukta pucdc scr dcsmrraeemda dc das jaroms dhjcrc`tcs< octhkueasmoc`tc m u` kasta dc 73.>>>$ da`dc sc pucdc tc`cr u`m rcmkkhû` dce ocrkmda fuc`m, oadcrmdm oad crmdm a ppafrc, afrc, kuyms prafmfhehdmdcs sa` >.49 >.4 y >.6, y u`m gm`m`khm ``ctm ctm dc 3>>.>>>$, 63.>>>$ y =.>>>$ rcspckthvmoc`tc9 a ríphdmoc`tc m u` kasta dc 4>.>>>$ da`dc sc pucdc tc`cr u`m rcmkkhû` dce ocrkmda fuc`m, oadcrmdm a pafrc, kuyms prafmfhehdmdcs sa` >.=9 >.6 y >.7, ka` gm`m`khm dc 3>>.>>>$, 63.>>>$ y =.>>>$ rcspckthvmoc`tc. ^ar atra emda ce ka`saehdmr u` pradukta ym cxhstc`tc sc pucdc` trm`sjaromr c` 6 thpas dc praduktas< u` pradukta jartmeckhda m u` kasta dc =3.>>>$ da`dc sc pucdc tc`cr u`m rcmkkhû` dce ocrkmda fuc`m, oadcrmdm a pafrc, kuyms prafmfhehdmdcs sa` >.;9 >.4 y >.;, gc`crm`da u`m gm`m`khm dc 6>>.>>>$, =>.>>>$ y ;.>>>$ rcspckthvmoc`tc9 a u` pradukta cjckthva sh` `h`gü` kasta da`dc sc pucdc tc`cr u`m rcmkkhû` dce ocrkmda fuc`m a pafrc, kuyms prafmfhehdmdcs sa` >.: y >.4, y gm`m`khm dc =>.>>>$ y =.>>>$ rcspckthvmoc`tc. ±]uè dckhshû` dcfc taomr em coprcsm1
^rhocra prakcdcoas m dhfulmr ce Írfae
S`m vcz quc tc`coas bckba csta, rcvhsmoas ce dhmgrmom c` írfae. Ka`traemoas kmdm kumdra y kïrkuea pmrm vcr sh bmy megu`m saeukhû` a ka`sckuc`khm quc `a bmymoas ka`shdcrmda. [h bmy megu`m, em dcfcoas mgrcgmr. C` megu`as kmsas scrí `ckcsmrha dhfulmr `ucvmoc`tc tada ce írfae sh pmrtcs dc èe sc vc` ouy dcsmrrcgemdms a dcsargm`hzmdms. Ka` csta cs pashfec tc`cr u` fuc` c`tc`dhohc`ta dc ems pashfecs ka`sckuc`khms dc `ucstrms dckhsha`cs.
Cvmeumkhû` dce írfae Mquï cs kum`da padcoas m`mehzmr kuíe apkhû` thc`c ce omyar vmear pmrm `asatras. [c mshg`m u` kasta a pu`tmlc m kmdm pashfec rcsuetmda ‛ kuí`ta kuí`ta krccoas quc padrïm scr ce vmear pmrm `asatras sh cstas rcsuetmdas akurrc`. Eucga, dcfcoas vcr kmdm u`a dc eas kïrkueas (quc rcprcsc`tm` pu`tas dc h`kcrthduofrc) y csthomr em prafmfhehdmd dc kmdm
rcsuetmda. [h uthehzmoas parkc`tmlcs, ce tatme dcfc suomr =>>%. [h uthehzmoas jrmkkha`cs, cstms dcfcrïm` suomr =. [h tc`coas megü` thpa dc h`jaromkhû` fmsmdm c` cvc`tas dce pmsmda, quhzís cstcoas c` oclarcs ka`dhkha`cs dc bmkcr csthomkha`cs oís rhgurasms safrc ems prafmfhehdmdcs. Dc atrm jarom, dcfcoas rcmehzmr `ucstrm ` ucstrm oclar supashkhû`. S`m vcz quc kmekuemoas ce vmear dc kmdm u`a dc eas rcsuetmdas, y bcoas cvmeumda em prafmfhehdmd dc quc akurrm` akur rm` ems ka`sckuc`khms h`khcrtms, ym cs oaoc`ta dc kmekuemr ce vmear quc `as myudmrí m taomr `ucstrms dckhsha`cs. Kaoc`zmoas par em dcrckbm dce írfae dc dckhshû`, y rckarrcoas ce ohsoa bmkhm em hzquhcrdm. Kum`da kaopectmoas u` ka`lu`ta dc kíekueas c` u` `ada (kumdra dc dckhshû` a kïrkuea dc h`kcrthduofrc), tada ea quc `ckcshtmoas bmkcr cs m`atmr ce rcsuetmda. ^adcoas hg`armr tadas eas kíekueas quc eecvm` m csc rcsuetmda.
^mrm kmekuemr ce vmear pmrm rcsuetmdas h`khcrtas (eas kïrkueas), dcfcoas bmkcrea ouethpehkm`da ce kasta dc cstas rcsuetmdas par em prafmfhehdmd dc quc sc praduzkm`. Ce tatme pmrm csas `adas dce írfae ea ka`sthtuyc em suom dc tadas cstas vmearcs.
C` cstc clcopea, ce vmear pmrm ―^radukta @ucva, Dcsmrraeea Octhkueasa‟ cs<
Vcsuetmdas h`khcrtas >,4 (prafmfhehdmd dc u` rcsuetmda fuc`a) x $3>>.>>>
$ 6>>.>>>
>,4 (prafmfhehdmd dc u` rcsuetmda oadcrmda) x $63.>>>
$ =>.>>>
>,6 (prafmfhehdmd dc u` rcsuetmda pafrc) x $=.>>>
$
Zmear Cspcrmda
6>>
$ 6=>.6>>
[c dcfc kaeakmr ce vmear kmekuemda pmrm kmdm `ada c` u` rckumdra. Kum`da cvmeumoas eas `adas dc dckhshû`, dcfcoas cskrhfhr ce kasta dc em apkhû` safrc kmdm eï`cm dc dckhshû`. Eucga, dcfcoas kmekuemr ce kasta tatme fmsmda c` eas vmearcs dc eas rcsuetmdas quc ym bcoas kmekuemda. Csta `as dmrí u` vmear quc rcprcsc`tm ce fc`cjhkha dc tme dckhshû`. Bmy quc tc`cr c` kuc`tm quc em km`thdmd ym gmstmdm `a kuc`tm c` cstc m`íehshs ‛ cstas cstas sa` kastas ym pcrdhdas y (m pcsmr dc eas mrguoc`tas quc pucdm tc`cr u` ka`tmdar) `a dcfcrïm` scr hoputmdas m ems dckhsha`cs. Kum`da ym bmymoas kmekuemda eas fc`cjhkhas dc cstms dckhsha`cs, dcfcrcoas cecghr em apkhû` quc thc`c ce fc`cjhkha oís hopartm`tc, y taomr m cstc kaoa em dckhshû` taomdm. Cstc cs ce vmear dc cstc `ada dc dckhshû`.
S`m vcz quc kmekuemoas ce vmear dc kmdm u`a dc eas rcsuetmdas, y bcoas cvmeumda em prafmfhehdmd dc quc akurrm` akur rm` ems ka`sckuc`khms h`khcrtms, ym cs oaoc`ta dc kmekuemr ce vmear quc `as myudmrí m taomr `ucstrms dckhsha`cs. Kaoc`zmoas par em dcrckbm dce írfae dc dckhshû`, y rckarrcoas ce ohsoa bmkhm em hzquhcrdm. Kum`da kaopectmoas u` ka`lu`ta dc kíekueas c` u` `ada (kumdra dc dckhshû` a kïrkuea dc h`kcrthduofrc), tada ea quc `ckcshtmoas bmkcr cs m`atmr ce rcsuetmda. ^adcoas hg`armr tadas eas kíekueas quc eecvm` m csc rcsuetmda C` cstc clcopea, ce fc`cjhkha kmekuemda prcvhmoc`tc pmrm ―@ucva ^radukta, Dcsmrraeea Dcsmrrae ea Octhkueasa‟ Octhkueasa‟ juc $6=>.>>>. Eucga, csthomoas ce jutura kasta mpraxhomda dc
cstm dckhshû` kaoa $73.>>>. Csta dm u` fc`cjhkha `cta dc $=;3.>>>. Ce fc`cjhkha `cta dc ―@ucva ^radukta, Dcsmrraeea Víphda‟ cs $=3.7>>. C` cstm rmom par ka`shguhc`tc
sceckkha`moas em apkhû` dc omyar vmear, ―@ucva ^radukta, Dcsmrraeea Octhkueasa‟, y cskrhfhoas csc vmear c` ce `ada dc dckhshû`.
Vcmehzm`da cstc m`íehshs padcoas vcr quc em oclar apkhû` cs ce dcsmrraeea dc u` `ucva pradukta. Cs oukba oís vmehasas pmrm `asatras quc taocoas sujhkhc`tc thcopa pmrm rcghstrmr ce pradukta m`tcs quc mpurmr`as m smkmrea ríphdmoc`tc me ocrkmda. Cs prcjcrhfec ce oclarmr `ucstras praduktas ym dcsmrraeemdas quc ckbmr m pcrdcr u` `ucva pradukta, h`keusa smfhc`da quc `as kastmrí oc`as. Msï kaoa tadas eas oètadas ym vhstas pmrm em taom dc dckhsha`cs, mu`quc ka`tcoas ka` tadms ems bcrrmohc`tms quc cxhstc` pmrm rcmehzmr dckhsha`cs mdckumdms, cstms sûea scrvhrí` dc myudm m `ucstrm h`tcehgc`khm y sc`thda kaoü` ceeas sa` `ucstras oclarcs mkthvas m em barm dc rcmehzmr cstm tmrcm.
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