copia

 

=. ¶Ufr quï quï bj df`brd df`brdof of oltbrlmd oltbrlmdoflmj oflmj bs bs o`pfrtmltb o`pfrtmltb pmrm pmrm ulm ulm lmdoôl6 lmdoôl6 

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Bj vfju`bl vfju`bl kb kolbrf y kb aoblbs qub `fvojozm `fvojozm bs blfr`b, prf`fvoblkf prf`fvoblkf msà bj kbsmrrfjjf kbsmrr fjjf prfkudtovf prfkudtovf kb jms lmdoflbs y pbr`otoïlkf pbr`otoïlkfjb jb m ftrms fatblbr aoblbs y sbrvodofs qub lf pubkbl prfvbbrsb m sà `os`ms. Jm rbjm rbjmdo doôl ôl df`b df`brd rdom omjj kb jf jfs s pmàsb pmàsbs s kodt kodtm m ul ulm m o` o`pf pfrtm rtmlt ltb b pfr pfrdo doôl ôl kb sus sus rbjmdoflbs rbjmd oflbs kopjf`ítodms. kopjf`ítodms. Bl dflsbdubldom dflsbdubldom,, bs nmaotumj nmaotumj msfdomr msfdomr jms `bkokms `bkokms bdflô` bdf lô`odm odms s y jfs dodjfs dodjfs ijfamj ijfamjbs bs kbj dmpotm dmpotmjojos`f s`f mj bstmjj bstmjjokf okf kb iubrrms iubrrms y tblsoflbs bltrb jms kovbrsms pftbldoms nbib`ôlodms kbj `ulkf.

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 Mddbsf m kfs prfkudtfs oltbrlmdoflmj, bl pmàsbs olkustr olk ustromj omjozm ozmkfs qub, kb kb ftrf ftrfdmjokmk `fkf, `fkf, sbràm sbr àm o`pfs o`pfsoaj oajb b bjmafrmkfs tblbr, tblbr, pbr`ot pbr`otb b qub jms lmdoflbs `blfs mvmlzmkms tbdlfjôiodm`bltb mddbkml m ollfvmdoflbs. 1. @bldoflb @bldoflb mjiulf mjiulfs s bcb`pjfs bcb`pjfs kb jfs jfs bhbdtfs bhbdtfs kb kb jm ‚Umx ‚Umx m`brodml m`brodmlm‐. m‐. Jm tmsm mrmldbjmrom bstmkfulokblsb prf`bkof dmyô kb 18 pfr dobltf bl =?;8 m ul prf`bkof kb 4.8 pfr dobltf bl 1552. Ufr jf tmltf, brm pfdf prfamajb qub rbkuddoflbs mkodoflmjbs tuvobrml ul bhbdtf o`pfrtmltb bl bj df`brdof `ulkomj. Bj 8 kb sbpto sbptob` b`ar arb b kb 1551 1551 bj Hflkf Hflkf @flbt @flbtmr mrof of Ol Oltb tbrl rlmd mdof oflm lmjj mprfa mprfaô ô jm sfjodotuk kb Armsoj kb ul drïkotf dfltolibltb kb =2 `bsbs pfr $45 ;55 `ojjflbs pmrm mpfymr su prfirm`m holmldobrf y bdflô`odf lmdoflmj nmstm kodob`arb kb 1554.=5 Df`f rbsujtmkf kb tfkms bstms lbdbsokmkbs holmldobrms ijfamjbs, jm huldoôl huturm kbj H@O pubkb sbr `uy kohbrbltb. Bj [rmtmkf kb Joarb Df`brdof kb Lfrtbm`ïrodm ([JDML, LMH[M, pfr sus soijms bl olijïs), bj @brdfsur bl M`ïrodm Jmtolm y bj Dflsbcf kb Dffpbrmdoôl pmrm bj Ifjhf (IDD, pfr sus soijms bl olijïs). Bstms uloflbs sb hfr`mrfl pfr kohbrbltbs rmzflbs y fpbrml dfl kostoltfs lovbjbs kb dfnbsoôl, sbiól dflvblim m dmkm bltfrlf bspbdàhodf y sb blhfdml m dubstoflbs df`f jm hfr`mdoôl kb uloflbs mkumlbrms, kb ul `brdmkf df`ól, kb ulm dfmjodoôl bdflô`odm f pfjàtodm. Jfs suasokofs m jm mirodujturm y jfs mrmldbjbs sb nuaobrml bjo`olmkf kb jms lb lbifd ifdom omdo dofl flbs bs df`b df`brd rdom omjb jbs s bl jm Qflk Qflkm m kb Kfnm, Kfnm, jms jms im imlml lmldo doms ms pm pmrm rm jm bdflf`àm `ulkomj bl 15=2 sb nmaràml bsto`mkf df`f kb $1>9 555 `ojjflbs ml mlumj umjbs bs.. Bstms Bstms imlml imlmldo doms ms lf lbdbs lbdbsmr mrom om`b `blt ltb b soilo soiloho hodm dml l qub jfs jfs pr prbd bdof ofs s kos`oluoríl. Bl jm kïd kïdmkm mkm kb jfs dold doldub ublt ltm m jms bxpf bxpfrt rtmd mdooflbs flbs bstm bstmkf kful ulookbls kblsbs bs rbprbsbltmrfl 12 pfr dobltf kbj tftmj kb jms bxpfrtmdoflbs `ulkomjbs. Kbskb bltfldbs bstm pmrtodopmdoôl nm kbdjolmkf dfl rmpokbz. Bstf lf soilohodm qub jms bx bxpf pfrt rtmd mdof oflb lbs s bs bstmk tmkfu fulo lokbl kblsb sbs s nmym nmym bl vbrk vbrkmk mk kos` kos`ol oluo uokf kf ku kurm rmltb ltb bs bsb b tob`pf. Jm nostfrom kbj ïxotf kb Bstmkfs Rlokfs bl jm pmrtodopmdoôl kb `brdmkf `ulkomj 

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df`blzô dflhu bjldoô nbdnf kbbqub su`pbý bdflf`àm lf kbstruokm iubrrm. 4. Mlmj Ml mjod odb b jm huld oôl l qub qu kbsb kbsb`p býml ml jm jms s hub rbst rbstro rodd ddof oflb lbs spfr kbjm o`pf o` pfrt rtmd mdoôl oôl ‚vfjultmrom‐ bl bj `mrgbtoli oltbrlmdoflmj 

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Bj pmàs o`pfrtmkfr o`pflb f suiobrb bj bstmajbdo`obltf kb ul jà`otb `íxo`f m jm fhbrtm kbj aobl prfvblobltb kbj pmàs bxpfrtmkfr. Bstms amrrbrms lf mrmldbjmroms jms "jbybs, rbiujmdoflbs, pfjàtodms f prídtodms kb ul pmàs qub rbstrolibl bj mddbsf kb prfkudtfs o`pfrtmkfs m su `brdmkf" su huldoôl pro`frkomj bs prftbibr jm prfkuddoôl lmdoflmj hrbltb m jfs prfkudtfs bxtrmlcbrfs, mýmkoblkf mj prbdof kbj prfkudtf o`pfrtmkf ul df`pflbltb qub jf nmim `blfs df`pbtotovf bl bj `brdmkf oltbrofr. Jm rbstro rbstroddo ddoôl ôl vfjultm vfjultmrom rom m jm bxpfrtm bxpfrtmdoô doôl l voblb voblb rbhbro rbhbrokm km lfr`mj` lfr`mj`bltb bltb m ul pbràfkf kb tob`pf bspbdàhodf. Kb`fst Kb` fstrmr rmr qub jms o`pfrt o`pfrtmdo mdoflbs flbs dmusml dmusml f m`blmz m`blmzml ml dmusmr dmusmr ul pbrcuo pbrcuodo dof f irmvb irm vb m jfs prfkudt prfkudtfrbs frbs lmdofl lmdoflmjb mjbs s kb prfkudt prfkudtfs fs so`oj so`ojmrb mrbs s f kor korbdtm bdtm`bl `bltb tb df`pbtokfrbs.

 

Df`pbls Df` pblsmr mr mkbd mkbdum umkm km`b `blt ltb b mj pmàs pmàs qub qub sb jb mpj mpjodm jm djíusu íusujjm kb smjvmi smj vmiumr umrkom kom hmdoj hmdojotí otílkfs lkfsb b msà jm pfsoao pfsoaojojokmk kmk kb qub bj pmàs bxpfrtmkfr bxpfrtmkfr sb ablbhodob kb ul upirmkoli. ;. Urfpfrdof Urfpfrdoflb lb bcb`pjfs bcb`pjfs kb mdubrkf mdubrkfs s `ujtojmtbr `ujtojmtbrmjbs mjbs bl df df`pmr `pmrmdoôl mdoôl dfl dfl jfs mdubrkfs df`brdomjbs aojmtbrmjbs. Aojmtbrmjbs - [rmtmkf [rmtmkf bltrb bltrb jm jm Qbpóaj Qbpóajodm odm kbj kbj Bdumkf Bdumkfrr y jfs Bstmkf Bstmkfs s Rlokfs Rlokfs kb M`ïr M`ïrodm odm sfar sfarb b prf`fdoôl y jm prftbddoôl kb olvbrsoflbs 

@ujtojmtbrmj - Friml Frimloz ozmd mdoô oôl l kb jfs jfs Bstm Bstmkfs kfs M`b M`bro rodm dmlf lfs s (FBM) (FBM)

- Friml Frimloz ozmd mdoô oôl l kb Bstmk Bstmkfs fs Oabr Oabrfm` fm`bro brodm dmlf lfs s (FBO) (FBO) 2. ¶Dô`f ô`f jms jms kb` kb`mlkm lkms kbj kbj dflsu flsu` `ok okf fr nml dm`ao aom mkf mj df`br f`brd dof oltbrlmdoflmj6 Bltrb Blt rb jfs dflsu`ok dflsu`okfrb frbs s kb tfkf tfkf bj `ul `ulkf kf bstí bstí drbdob drbdoblkf lkf jm kb`mlk kb`mlkm m kb sfjudo sfj udoflbs flbs dflvbl dflvblobl obltbs tbs qub myukbl myukbl m so`pjo so`pjohod hodmr mr sus vokms, vokms, tbloblkf tbloblkf bl dubltm bstojfs kb vokm `ís smturmkfs y ulm dflbdtovokmk drbdobltb qub cubim ul pmpbj dmkm vbz `ís o`pfrtmltb bl jms kbdosoflbs kb df`prm. Jm dflvblobldom dflvblobldom nfy bs `udnf `ís qub ul hfr`mt hfr`mtf f kb toblkm, bs ul dfldbptf trmlsvbrsmj mj prfdbsf kb df`prm y mj prfkudtf `os`f, df`blzmlkf dfl bj tr trubq ubqub, ub, bj df`b df`brd rdof of nm sokf sokf `uy `uy o` o`pf pfrt rtmlt mltb b pmrm pmrm bj kbsmr kbsmrrfj rfjjf jf kb jms jms df`ulokmkbs m jf jmrif kb jm nostfrom. Olodomkf pfr jfs o`pbrofs dfjflomjbs, sb dflvor dfl vortoô toô dfl vbjfdo vbjfdokmk kmk bl ul `ïtfkf `ïtfkf bhbdtov bhbdtovf f pmrm smtoshmdb smtoshmdbrr dfl `myfr  `myfr  bhodobldom jms lbdbsokmkbs y mspbdtfs sfdomjbs y dujturmjbs kb jm pfajmdoôl. 

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Bl jfs ójto`fs mýfs sb nml prfkudokf dm`aofs oldrbàajbs bl dmso tfkms jms olkus ol kustro troms ms y írbms írbms kb jm sfdo sfdobk bkmk mk y bj df`b df`brd rdof of oltbr oltbrlmd lmdof oflm lmjj lf bs ulm bxdbpdoôl. Jm hfr`m bl qub sb nmdbl lbifdofs m lovbj ijfamj bs mnfrm `ís rípokm, `ís bhodobltb, `ís homajb7 so`pjb`bltb, `bcfr. 8. Mlmjodb Mlmjodb bj bhbdtf bhbdtf kb jms rbstr rbstroddof oddoflbs lbs bl jm o`pfrtm o`pfrtmdoôl doôl pmrm pmrm jfs djobltbs djobltbs.. Jms lbifdomdoflbs kb 1552 qub tuvobrfl juimr bl Nfli Gfli pusobrfl kb `mlohobstf jms tblsoflbs bltrb jfs pmàsbs kbsmrrfjjmkfs y bl vàms kb kbsmrrfjjf, bl pmrtodujmr bl jm bshbrm kb jm mirodujturm.  M pbsmr kb jms pbtodoflbs pmrm jm joabrmdoôl df`brdomj, mjiulfs bstrmtbims pfjàtodfs pfjàto dfs oltbltml `bcfrmr bj kbsb`p kbsb`pbýf býf df`brdomj m`blmzmlkf m`blmzmlkf mj `ulkf dfl ul prftbddoflos`f dmkm vbz `myfr. Bj pbjoirf kb tmj pfjàtodm rmkodm bl qub prfv prfvfd fdmr mràm àm qu qub b tmltf tmltf bj df`b df`brd rdof of `ulk `ulkom omjj df`f df`f jf jfs s bs bstíl tílkmr kmrbs bs kb vokm vokm kos`oluybrml. Bj prftbddoflos`f lf pubkb, m jmrif pjmzf, o`pbkor bj mcustb f bj oldrb`bltf kb jm prfkudtovokmk y jm df`pbtotovokmk. 9. ¶Jm olvbrsoô olvbrsoôl l bxtrmlcbrm bxtrmlcbrm korbdt korbdtm m toblb mjiól mjiól bhbdtf bhbdtf sfarb sfarb bj df`brdo df`brdof6 f6 Kbskb Kbs kb ulm pbrspb pbrspbdto dtovm vm olt oltbrl brlmdo mdoflmj flmj,, jms lbifdom lbifdomdof doflbs lbs df`brd df`brdomj omjbs bs y kb olvbrsoôl kbabl dfltolumr, mj nmdbrjf jms pfjàtodms df`brdomjbs y kb olvbrsoôl pubkbl msu`or ul blhfqub `ujtojmtbrmj f aojmtbrmj. Jms lbifdomdoflbs aojmtbrmjbs sb jjbvml m dmaf bltrb kfs lmdoflbs, `obltrms qub jms lbifdomdoflbs `ujtojmtbrmjbs sb rbmjozml bltrb vmroms lmdoflbs. Bj blhfqub pubkb sbr m`pjof, y duaror irml vmrobkmk kb prfkudtfs, sbrvodofs f olvbrsoflbs, f aobl, pubkb sbr bstrbdnf y blhfdmrsb m prfajb`ms bspbdàhodfs. Umrm mafrkmr dubstoflbs df`brdomjbs kbholokms kb `mlbrm bstrbdnm quozí sbml dflvblobltbs dflvbl obltbs jms lbifdomdofl lbifdomdoflbs bs aojmtbrmjbs aojmtbrmjbs y ul blhfqub pmrtodujmr, pmrtodujmr, ym qub jfs prfajb`ms `uy bspbdàhodfs sb pubkbl mlmjozmr y rbsfjvbr dfl rmpokbz. 

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