Contrato de Seguro

 

Igbtrntg fh shlurg [gr  Bu  B u r j

H  . T GFTÏLXHQ  G EJSHTN  , Sjr ljb jn

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D N F G  I NTFGQG  y Inregs

H  . E Ù[HQ  T GFTÏLXHQ  Hsquhon

J  . Igbi Ig bi hp tg H e nrt. 396 fhe Iùfjlg fh Igohrijg (IIgo) fhcjbh ne igbtrntg fh shlurg hb egs têrojbgs sjlujhbths1 ― He He

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g de de j l n o h f jjn n bt bt h

ijhrtn  p rn f h u b n  pê  prr j o n   n jbfhobjznr   n e n g t rn  p ê r f j f n g f h u b fnþg , g f h e n pr  p r j v n i j ù b f h ub euirg   hsphrnfg quh pgfrïn sucrjr pgr ub nigbthijojh nigbthijojhbtg btg jbijhrtg . "

 N.  N . H e h o h b t g s f h e n f h c j b j i j ù b

En fhcjbjijùb rhcjhrh n egs hehohbtgs rhehvnbths sjlujhbths1 >. Gdejlnijùb fh pnlnr en prjon Yh fhbgojbn " pr  p r j o n " g " pr  p r h o j g " n en prhstnijùb n inrlg fhe tgonfgr  fhe shlurg. 4. Gdejlnijùb fh jbfhobjznr

9. Igbfjijùb fh en gdejlnijùb fh jbfhobjznr1 sucrjojhbtg fh ub nigbthijojhbtg jbijhrtg  D.  D . Y h l u r g s q u h b g h s t î b i g o p r h b f j f g s h b e n f h c j b j i j ù b

>. En fhcjbjijùb bg igoprhbfh n egs shlurgs fh suons H e nrt. 396  396  sùeg sh rhcjhrh n egs fh shlurgs fh jbfhobjznijùb. He shlurg fh suon hs he shlurg quh, n fjchrhbijn fhe nbthrjgr, bg sh lrnfñn nthbfjhbfg ne fnþg. Hs jbvnrjndeh y, hb hsth insg, en  p  prr h s t n i j ù b f h e n s h l u r n f g r s h i g b i r h t n h b h e p n l g f h e n s u o n f h fjbhrg prhvjstn hb he igbtrntg, ubn vhz quh sh `nyn prgfuijfg he sjbjhstrg prhvjstg. Egs shlurgs fh suon sgb, lhbhrneohbth, egs shlurgs fh phrsgbns.

 

Hb he shlurg fh suon he nshlurnfgr lnrnbtjzn he pnlg fh ub inpjtne g fh ubn rhbtn, hb insg fh quh sh prgfuzin he sjbjhstrg. Hstg sh fhdh n quh su prhstnijùb bg tjhbh cjbnejfnf jbfhobjzntgrjn, bg hstî lrnfunfn hb cubijùb fhe fnþg sucrjfg. He ogbtg fh en prhstnijùb fhdjfn pgr he nshlurnfgr, sùeg lunrfn rhenijùb igb en suon pgr en iune sh nshlurù, bubin igb he fnþg quh sh puhfn `ndhr sucrjfg. Fnogs igog hahopeg, he shlurg fh vjfn. 4. ^uhfn hxieujfg he shlurg fh vjfn Hb he shlurg fh vjfn,   bg `ny ub nigbthijojhbtg jbijhrtg, puhstg quh en ouhrth bg eg hs. Hb tgfg insg, eg quh hs jbijhrtg hs he ogohbtg fh en ouhrth. JJ. [nrths fhe igbtrntg y suahtgs rhenijgbn rhenijgbnfgs fgs Hb he igbtrntg fh shlurg pnrtjijpnb vnrjgs suahtgs. Nelubgs hb inejfnf fh  pn  p n r t h s - n s h l u r n f g r y t g o n f g r - y g t r g s q u h , n p h s n r f h b g s h r p n r t h s , s g b e g s  dh  d h b h c j i j n r j g s f h s j l b n f g s h b h e i g b t r n t g . N s u v h z , h e n s h l u r n f g p u h f h b g `ndhr sjfg pnrth hb he igbtrntg, igog he insg fhe shlurg sgdrh en vjfn fh ub thrihrg.  N.  N . [ n r t h s f h e i g b t r n t g

Ens pnrths fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg sgb sùeg fgs1 he nshlurnfgr   y h e tgonfgr . N igbtjbunijùb, `nrhogs ub drhvh igohbtnrjg quh bgs nyufh n fjchrhbijnr igrrhitnohbth ubn cjlurn fh gtrn. >. He nshlurnfgr

He nshlurnfgr hs en phrsgbn quh nsuoh he rjhslg. N phsnr fh quh buhstrg Iùfjlg supgbh igog pgsjdeh en hxjsthbijn fh ub nshlurnfgr  jbfjvjfune,   en nitjvjfnf nshlurnfgr n, hb buhstrg pnïs, sh rhnejzn pgr  h e D nbig fh Yhlurgs fh H stnfg   y pgr sgijhfnfhs nbùbjons nutgrjznfns pgr he [gfhr Hahiutjvg ]>_ . Ens hbtjfnfhs prjvnfns quh thblnb pgr gdahtg en nitjvjfnf nshlurnfgrn, fhdhb rhvhstjr en cgron fh sgijhfnf nbùbjon , igb niijgbhs bgojbntjvns ,

 

quh quhfnb sgohtjfns n ub rêljohb aurïfjig hsphijne, hstndehijfg hb en E h y b» >3.643 . n. Gdejlnijgbhs

* Nsubijùb fhe rjhslg En prjbijpne gdejlnijùb fhe nshlurnfgr hs nsuojr he rjhslg ]4_ . En hxprhsjùb ― ns uoj r he r j hs lg‟   jopejin nsuojr ens igbshiuhbijns bhlntjvns, fh inrîithr pntrjogbjne, quh en giurrhbijn fhe rjhslg  p  prr h v j s t g e h t r n j l n n p n r h a n f n s n e n s h l u r n f g ]9_ .  Bg  B g f h d h p h b s n r s h q u h s h h v j t n h e r j h s l g , t r n b s c j r j ê b f g e g n e n p h r s g b n fhe nshlurnfgr. He nshlurnfg bg fhan fh sgpgrtnr he rjhslg, trnfuijfg  p  pgg r e g s h c h i t g s c ï s j i g s y a u r ï f j i g s q u h h e ` h i ` g i u d j h r t g e h n i n r r h n . * [nlg fh ubn prhstnijùb   En shlubfn gdejlnijùb hs pnlnr ubn prhstnijùb - hb lhbhrne fh bnturnehzn jbfhobjzntgrjn - ubn vhz quh sh prgfuih he sjbjhstrg . Ojhbtrns bg sh prgfuzin he sjbjhstrg, he nshlurnfgr bg fhdh iuopejr  igb en gdejlnijùb fh ndgbnr su prhstnijùb. d. Fhrhi`gs

He nshlurnfgr pgr su gdejlnijùb tjhbh fhrhi`g ne i g d r g f h e n prjon   igrrhspgbfjhbth.

4 .   He tgonfgr He tgonfgr fhe shlurg hs iunequjhr phrsgbn cïsjin g aurïfjin quh

igbtrntn he shlurg . [nrn heeg, fhdh pgshhr ub  jbthrês nshlurndeh nshlurndeh]3_  h b quh en igsn gdahtg fhe shlurg bg sh vhn neinbznfn pgr he sjbjhstrg . [uhfh igbtrntnr he shlurg pgr sï y pnrn sï, g pgr iuhbtn fh ub thrihrg. Hb he prjohr insg puhfh tgonr he shlurg phrsgbneohbth igb he gdahtg fh dhbhcjijnrsh n sï ojsog (hs he insg fhe shlurg fh fnþgs). Vnodjêb, puhfh tgonreg phrsgbneohbth Vnodjêb, phrsgbneohbth igb he gdahtg fh dhbhcjijnr dhbhcjijnr n ub thri hrg (hs he i nsg fhe sh lurg fh vj fn). He nrt. 3:6  3:6  prhvê hstn hvhbtunejfnf1

 

―He jbthrhsnfg pgfrî igbtrntnr he shlurg, nub sjb igbshbtjojhbtg g bgtjijn fh en phrsgbn iuyn vjfn sh nshlurn.‟

P ns hl u rn e n v j f n f h Q . P hs t g o nf g r y Q hs he ns hl u rnf g . Yj Q ouhrh, he nshlurnfgr fhdhrî iuopejr su prhstnijùb crhbth n P g crhbth n qujhb P `nyn fhsjlbnfg hb he igbtrntg igog dhbhcjijnrjg. n. Gdejlnijgbhs y inrlns

* [nlg fh en prjon En gdejlnijùb prjbijpne fhe tgonfgr hstî igbstjtujfn pgr he pnlg fh en prjo pr jonn . He nshlurnfg, igb en prjon, pnln he prhijg fhe nehn nsuojfg pgr he nshlurnfgr. * Onbthbhr he hstnfg fhe rjhslg En inrln fh onbthbhr he hstnfg fhe rjhslg jbvgeuirn ens sjlujhbths nitjtufhs1 igoubjinr ens vnrjnijgbhs fhe rjhslg, bg nlrnvnr he rjhslg y  p  prr h v h b j r h e f n þ g .

I go g o ubj ubjin inrr e nnss v nrj nrjnn ij i j ggbh bhss fhe fh e rj rjhs hsll g   sjlbjcjin prgihfhr igb crnbquhzn ne ihehdrnr he igbtrntg y igoubjinr ne nshlurnfgr ens vnrjnijgbhs quh pufjhrnb `ndhr hb he rjhslg. Vgfn fhienrnijùb cnesn g rhtjihbijn  rhtjihbijn , nub `h i`n fh duhbn ch, nbuen he igbtrntg (nrt. ( nrt. 36; ) . B g n lrn lrnvv nnrr he rjhs rj hsll g   sjlbjc jin nd sthbh rsh fh r hnejz nr nitg s quh  p  puu f j h r n b n l r n v n r h e r j h s l g s g p h b n f h i n f u i j f n f f h e n g d e j l n i j ù b f h e nshlurnfgr (nrts. ( nrts. 30> y 304  304  sgdrh shlurg fh jbihbfjg). [rhvhbjr he fnþg   jopejin quh, ubn vhz prgfuijfg he sjbjhstrg, tgonr  ens ohfjfns quh cuhrhb bhihsnrjns pnrn fjsojbujr egs fnþgs, sg phbn fh fnþgs y phraujijgs (nrt. ( nrt. 330  330 ) . * Jbcgronr he sjbjhstrg Xbn vhz quh sh prgfuih he sjbjhstrg, he nshlurnfg fhdh, jbohfjntnohbth, jbcgronr ne nshlurnfgr he `hi`g y tgfns ens ijriubstnbijns ijriubs tnbijns quh gdrhb hb su igbgijojhb igbgijojhbtg. tg. Nsï eg hstndehih he nrt. 330 sg phbn fh egs fnþgs y phraujijgs quh inusnrh pgr su gojsjùb. *

Igbshrvnr ens niijgbhs igbtrn thrihrgs

 

En rnzùb fh hstn inrln hs quh he nshlurnfgr, ubn vhz pnlnfn en dr g l n h b e n s n i i j gb gb hhss q uh uh h e n s h l ur ur n f g jbfhobjznijùb, s h s u dr tuvjhrh igbtrn thrihrgs . Nsï eg fjspgbh he nrt. 33: 1 ― E gs ns hlur nfgr hs quh `nynb pnlnfg he fnþg g e n pêr fj fn fh e n i gs g s n n sshh l lu ur n nf fn n,, q u uhh f fn nb su ud d rrg gl ln nf fg g s h b e gs gs f hhrr hi hi ` `g g s f h e gs gs ns hlur hlurnfg nfgss pnr pnrn n rhphtjr   f h e g s t h r iihh rrg gs egs fn þ þg g s quh `nynb  p  pn nfh ijfg egs hc hitgs. ‟

He nshlurnfg rhspgbfh phrsgbneohbth fh tgfg nitg quh phraufjquh egs fhrhi`gs fh egs nshlurnfgrhs igbtrn hsgs thrihrgs ]>;_ . d. Fhrhi`gs

He fhrhi`g fhe tgonfgr fhe shlurg hstî hstndehijfg hb he nrt. 396  396  y igbsjsth hb quh sh eh rhsnrznb egs fnþgs, fh niuhrfg n eg pnitnfg, ubn vhz ninhijfg he sjbjhstrg. Vnodjêb, tjhbh fhrhi`g n quh sh eh hbtrhluh en pùejzn.  D.  D . Y u a h t g s r h e n i j g b n f g s i g b h e i g b t r n t g f h s h l u r g s

Thenijgbnfgs, fh nelubn onbhrn, igb he igbtrntg fh shlurg, npnrhihb Thenijgbnfgs, gtrns fgs cjlurns1 >. he dhbhcjijnrjg dhbhcjijnrjg y 4. en vjfn nshlurnfn. nshlurnfn. >. He dhbhcjijnrjg

He dhbhcjijnrjg hs en phrsgbn quh rhijdh en prhstnijùb fhdjfn pgr , hb he insg bg fh hs giurrhbijn sjbjhstrg he nshlurnfgr nshlurnf igbtrntg. He gr dhbhcjijnrjg pnrth fhe fhe igbtrntg nubprhvjstg iunbfg hb sh he eg fhsjlbh hb en pùejzn, yn quh bg pnrtjijpn hb su ihehdrnijùb phrg tjhbh fhrhi`gs sgdrh ens prhstnijgbhs n inrlg fhe nshlurnfgr, pufjhbfg niihfhr n heens hb cgron fjrhitn ]>>_ . En `jpùthsjs fh quh he dhbhcjijnrjg bg shn he ojsog tgonfgr fhe igbtrntg, hstî prhvjstn hb he nrt. 3:9  3:9 , quh sh rhcjhrh ne shlurg fh vjfn1 ― E n vj fn fh ubn phr s gbn pgfr î s hr ns hlur nfn hb cn vg r f h n e l ñb jbthrhsnfg   pgr ub tjhopg quh sh fhthrojbnrî hb he igbtrntg.‟

4. En vjfn nshlurnfn

 

He shlurg fh vjfn puhfh igbtrntnrsh n egs hchitgs fh prhvhbjr he hr sg sg bn bn n ah ah b bnn n e i gb gb ttrr nt nt g . He nrt. rjhslg fh ouhrth fh ubn p hr 3:6 fjspgbh1 ―He jbthrhsnfg jbthrhsnfg pgfrî igbtr igbtrntnr ntnr he shlurg shlurg,, nub sjb igbshbtjojhbtg g bgtjijn fh en phrsgbn iuyn vjfn sh nshlurn . ‟

P nshlurn en vjfn fh Q. P hs tgonfgr y Q hs en vjfn nshlurnfn. Yj Q ouhrh, he nshlurnfgr fhdhrî iuopejr su prhstnijùb crhbth n P g crhbth n qujhb P `nyn fhsjlbnfg hb he igbtrntg igog dhbhcjijnrjg. JJJ. Cgronejznijùb y hahiuijùb fhe igbtrntg  N.  N . C g r o n e j z n i j ù b f h e i g b t r n t g 1 p r g p u h s t n y p ù e j z n

He igbtrntg fh shlurg sh cgronejzn ohfjnbth ubn fgdeh gphrnijùb n inrlg fhe nshlurnfgr y fhe tgonfgr fhe shlurg. >. [rgpuhstn Jbjijneohbth, he tgonfgr prgpgbh ne nshlurnfgr ohfjnbth ub cgrouenrjg fhbgojbnfg ―prgpuhstn fh shlurg‟ g   ―sgeji ―sgejijtuf jtuf fh shlurg‟ , en gphrnijùb quh fhshn rhnejznr. Hstn prgpuhstn bg gdejln n bjblubn fh ens pnrths igbtrntnbths. [gr  hbfh, he tgonfgr puhfh rhtjrnren nbths fh quh eh shn nihptnfn y he nshlurnfgr puhfh thbhren sjb igbthstnr sjb quh hstg eh inush phraujijg nelubg ]>4_ .

4. [ùejzn Yj he nshlurnfgr nshlurnfgr igbiuhrfn igb en prgpgsjij prgpgsjijùb, ùb, hojth ubn ―pùejzn fh  s  shh l u r g ‟ . Ig b hs t g s h phrchiijgbn   he igbtrnt igbtrntgg fh shlurg, tne igog fjspgbh he nrt. 4;4  4;4 1 ― E gs gs igb igbtt r n ntt gs quh hxj hxjlhb lhb hs ir irjj t u urr n pnr n s u vne vnejj fni fnijj ùb, s ùe g s h igbsjfhrnb phrchitgs, fhspuês fh cjronfn pgr ens pnrths.  O j h b t r n s b g ` n y n s j f g c j r o n f n , i u n e q u j h r n f h e n s p n r t h s p u h f h  Oj nrrhphbtjrsh y fhanr sjb hchitg he igbtrntg.‟

En pùejzn hs hxjljfn pgr buhstrn ehy igog rhqujsjtg fh sgehobjfnf . Fjspgbh he nrt. 366  366 1 ― Hb Hb h e i g gb b tr tr n ntt g f h s hhl lu urr g h s n d dss g gee ut ut n o ohh b tthh b h iihh sn s n rrjj n e n p ù ùee jz jz n  ). hsirjtn, quh pgfrî shr pñdejin g prjvnfn ( n nrt. rt. 4;4 4;4  )   .‟

 

N`grn djhb, en sgehobjfnf bg eehln oîs quh n en hxjsthbijn fh en  p  pùù e j z n hsirjtn y bg n su igbthbj fg . Igog iurjgsjfnf indh shþnenr quh en pùejzn sùeg hs cjronfn pgr ubn pnrth 1 he nshlurnfgr . He igbshbtjojhbtg fhe nshlurnfg euih hb he  prr g p u h s t n g s g e j i j t u f f h s h l u r g ‟ . fgiuohbtg fhbgojbnfg ― p H e nrt. 368  368  hstndehih he igbthbjfg fh en pùejzn. Bg sh npejin ne shlurg fh vjfn.

Ens hbubijnijgbhs prhvjstns hb he nrt. 368 bg sgb tgfns hshbijnehs= nelubns sgb cniuetntjvns. cniuetntjvns. [ruhdn fh hstg hs quh, he ojsog Iùfjlg, sh giupn fh hstndehihr sgeuijgbhs pnrn he insg fh quh cneth nelubn fh ens hstjpuenijgbhs quh jopgbh he nrt. 368  368 1 ― V gfn pùe j z n g igbt r nt g fh s hlur g, hxihpt unbfg e gs quh s h `nihb  s  sg gdrh en vjfn, fhdh igbthbhr1  chh i ` n   fhe fïn hb quh sh ihehdrh he igbtrntg. >. En  c 4. He bgodrh fh en phrsgbn quh `nih nshlurnr   , s h n p g r s u i u h b t n g  p  pg gr e n nahb n.

9. Xbn fhs j lbnij ùb s uc j ij hbt hohbt h ie nr n fh e n igsn nshlurnfn   y fhe vnegr cjag quh thbln g sh eh ntrjduyn . 6. En suon pgr en iune sh nshlurn . 8. Egs rjhslgs quh tgon sgdrh sï he nshlurnfgr. 3. En êpgin hb quh egs rjhslgs `nynb fh hophznr y nindnr pnrn he  nshlurnfgr. fhe Fhirhtg 986/::6 fjspgbh 1 ―Ens hbtjfnfhs fhdhrîb rhojtjr n en Yuphrjbthbfhbijn fh Yhlurgs y  T  Thh n s h l u r g s p n r n s u i g b g i j o j h b t g , e g s o g f h e g s f h e g s t h x t g s f h  p  pù ùejzns, sus ogfjcjinijgb hs, ieî usuens n fjij gb nehs y n bhxgs q uh s h

 

igb t r n igbt ntt hb hb he ohr iinfg nfg,, bg pufj puf j êb êbfgs fgs h ut j e jjzz nr ogf ogfhe he g gss quh bg `udjhrhb sjfg igoubjinfgs n fji`g ùrlnbg prhvjnohbth fn su usg.‟

>. Chi`n Vgfg igbtrntg fhdh thbhr chi`n quh hs he pubtg fh pnrtjfn fh ens gdejlnijgbhs fh Jbthrhsn hstn igbtrntnbths y rhspgbsndjejfnf

egs igbtrntnbths. ohbijùb pnrn fhthrojbnr en inpnijfnf fh egs pnrn cjanr he ogohbtg hb quh igojhbzn en fhe nshlurnfgr, n ohbgs quh sh cjah gtrn chi`n.

4. Bgodrh fh en phrsgbn quh `nih nshlurnr [uhfh igbtrntnrsh pnrn sï g pgr iuhbtn nahbn. Yj bg sh fjih bnfn sh hbtjhbfh hbtjhb fh trntnfg pnrn sï ( nrt. 384 384  ). Yj sh `nih pgr iuhbtn nahbn, fhdh hxprhsnrsh sj hs hb vjrtuf fh ub onbfntg g sjb igbgijojhbtg fhe nshlurnfg. 9. Fhsjlbnijùb fh en iensh fh igsn nshlurnfn y fhe vnegr quh thbln g sh eh ntrjduyn

Bg hs hshbijne hshbijne en fhthrojb fhthrojbnijùb nijùb prhijsn fh ens igsns  hb he igbtrntg igbtrntg fh shlurg. Hs he insg fh ub igohrijnbth quh fhshn nshlurnr  ohrinfhrïns ohrinfhrï ns quh hstîb hb ub fhpùsjtg. Yj sh sninb nelubns h jblrhsnb gtrns, bg sh puhfh hstnr vnrjnbfg infn vhz he igbtrntg. Hbtgbihs `nih ub shlurg quh iudrn ens igsns quh puhfhb hxjstjr hb he fhpùsjtg iunbfg giurrn he rjhslg. Euhlg, sj sh prgfuih he sjbjhstrg, he nshlurnfg fhdhrî prgdnr quê igsns `ndïn hb he eulnr, igb ens igbsjlujhbths fjcjiuetnfhs prgdntgrjns. Eg ojsog suihfh igb he vnegr, quh bg hs prhijsg fhthrojbnreg igb hxnitjtuf. Yj bg sh cjan vnegr hb en pùejzn, sh hstnrî n eg quh sh fhthrojbh pgr tgfgs egs ohfjgs fh pruhdn. H e nrt. 33;  33;  fjspgbh1 ―He vnegr fh en igsn nshlurn nshlurnfn fn fhdh fhthrojbnrsh hxprhsnohbth hb en pùejzn .

 

 H  Hb b f h c h i t g f h h s n c j a n i j ù b , h e v n e g r f h e g s h c h i t g s  pu  p u h f h s h r   au  a u s t j c j i n f g p g r t g f g s e g s o h f j g s f h p r u h d n   nfojtjfgs hb he igohrijg (nrt. >:4).‟

He nrt. 33> hstndehih1 ― He vne gr fh e gs hc hit gs ns hlur nfgs hs t nde hij fg hb e n pùe j z n, bg `nih c h hb ins g fh igbt hs t nij ùb n bg s hr quh `nyn s j fg c j a nfg pgr    p  phh r j t g s b g o d r n f g s p g r e n s p n r t h s .  c r n u f h h b e n Yjhoprh quh sh prgdnrh quh he nshlur nshlurnfg nfg prgihfjù igb  cr fhienrnijùb fhe vnegr   fh egs hchitgs, he Auhz eh igbfhbnrî n pnlnr ne  nshlurnfgr he fgdeh fhe prhojg hstjpuenfg, sjb phraujijg fh quh he  v n eeg g r f hhii e n r n f g s h r h f u z in in n e v h r f n f h rrg g vn nee gr gr f h e n i g s n nshlurnfn.‟

He nrt. 334 nlrhln1 ―En ieîusuen jbshrtn hb en pùejzn, vneln oîs g ohbgs, bg rhehvn ne  n sh sh l lu u rrn nf fg g fh en ig gb bf fhh b bn n i jjù ùb pg grr c rn rn u uf f hh== b j t jjhh b h v n nee gr g r n el el u ub bg g,,  s  sjj h o p r h q u h s h p r g d n r h q u h e n i g s n n s h l u r n f n v n e ï n 4 8 p g r i j h b t g ohbgs quh he prhijg fhthrojbnfg hb en pùejzn.‟

6. Yuon nshlurnfn   Hs eg quh he nshlurnfgr prgohth jbfhobjznr.   Yj bg sh cjan, sh hbtjhbfh quh sh nshlurn pgr vnegr ïbthlrg. 8. Tjhslg quh tgon n su inrlg he nshlurnfgr He rjhslg hs hshbijne y hs he hehohbtg tïpjig fhe igbtrntg. 3. Êpgin hb quh egs rjhslgs hopjhznb y nindnb pnrn he nshlurnfgr

6_ . Hb egs shlurgs fh suon bg sh prhshbtn bjblñb  pr  p r g d e h o n , p u h s t g q u h h e o g b t g f h e n p r h s t n i j ù b f h e n s h l u r n f g r c u h fhthrojbnfg fh nbthonbg.

En fjcjiuetnf fjcjiuetnf sh prhshbtn prhshbtn hb egs shlurgs fh fnþg, puhstg quh `ny quh vhr fh quê onbhrn sh nshlurù y quê fnþg sucrjù en igsn. [nrn hophznr fhdhogs fjstjblujr hbtrh he vnegr nshlurndeh y suon nshlurnfn. >. Fjstjbijùb hbtrh he vnegr nshlurndeh y en suon nshlurnfn

Ens igsns puhfhb shr nshlurnfns pgr he tgtne fh su vnegr (bg pgr oîs) g pgr ub vnegr ohbgr. Yj he gdahtg nshlurnfg vneh >;;, >;; hs he vnegr nshlurndeh. Yh puhfh nshlurnr pgr hsn ojson inbtjfnf g, pgr en ojtnf fh su vnegr= bubin pgr hbijon fh su vnegr . N`grn djhb, en suon nshlurnfn fhphbfh fh eg quh igbvhblnb ens pnrths. n. Yuon nshlurnfn ohbgr quh he vnegr nshlurndeh

He nshlurnfgr vn n rhspgbfhr hb prgpgrijùb n en suon nshlurnfn.

 

Hstn rhspuhstn surlh fhe jbi. 4 fhe nrt. 364 quh hstndehih1 ―Yj he vnegr ïbthlrg fh en igsn bg `n sjfg nshlurnfg, bg rhspgbfh he  ns hlur nfgr hb ins g fh fnþgs , s j bg h b p r g p g r ij ù b f h e g q uh s h `n nshlurnfg , n e g q u h ` n f h a n f g f h n s h l u r n r s h . ‟ ] > 8 _ d. Yuon nshlurnfn onygr quh he vnegr nshlurndeh

Nrt. 364 , jbi. >1

― Yj he s hlur g hxihfh he vne gr fh e n igs n ns hlur nfn sùeg hs vîejfg `nstn en suon igbiurrhbth fh nquhe vnegr   (s ne n e vg e n e j o ojj t n nij ij ù ùb b  )  . ‟   fhe nrtïiueg 334 334  ).

Nrt. 3341 " En ieîusuen jbshrtn hb en pùejzn, vneln oîs g ohbgs, bg rhehvn ne nshlurnfg fh en igbfhbnijùb pgr crnufh= bj tjhbh vnegr  nelubg, sjhoprh quh sh prgdnrh quh en igsn nshlurnfn vneïn 48 pgr  ijhbtg ohbgs quh he prhijg fhthrojbnfg hb en pùejzn." N`grn djhb, puhfh suihfhr quh he gdahtg nshlurnfg bg sh `nyn fhstrujfg tgtneohbth sjbgsuihfh quh `nyn ub fnþg pnrijne. N igbtjbunijùb vhrhogs quê hb hstnsucrjfg sjtunijùb. i. Fnþg pnrijne hb he gdahtg nshlurnfg

Hb hsth insg, fnfn en bnturnehzn jbfhobjzntgrjn fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg, he nshlurnfgr bg fhdhrî rhspgbfhr pgr he tgtne fh en suon nshlurnfn sjbg prgpgrijgbneohbth ne fnþg hchitjvnohbth sucrjfg . Hahopeg1 Snegr nshlurnfg ? >;; Yuon nshlurnfn ? 8; Fnþg ? 9; ·N iuîbtg nsijhbfh en jbfhobjznijùb7 En jbfhobjznijùb hs ne fnþg hchitjvnohbth sucrjfg (9;), igog en suon nshlurnfn (8;) hs ne vnegr  nshlurndeh (>;;). Hiunijùb1 jbfhobjznijùb hs n en suon nshlurndeh  

igog he fnþg n en suon nshlurnfn jbfhobjznijùb ? suon nshlurndeh x fnþg

 

suon nshlurnfn

 

 

jbfhobjznijùb ? >;; x 9; ? 4; x 9; ? 3;

 

8;

4. Fhrhi`gs hsphijnehs fhe tgonfgr

Furnbth en hahiuijùb fhe igbtrntg, he tgonfgr pgshh nelubgs fhrhi`gs hshbijnehs. Heegs sgb egs sjlujhbths1 n. N susphbfhr he pnlg fh prjons

Yh hbtjhbfh quh he nshlurnfg bg hstî gdejlnfg n pnlnr prjons y fh quh he nshlurnfgr bg tjhbh niijùb pnrn hxjljrens. Cubfnohbtg1 sjhbfg en gphrnijùb n enrlg penzg en sjtunijùb fhe igbtrntnbth puhfh vnrjnr1 sh fhsjbthrhsn he shlurg g bg puhfh pnlnr  en prjon. d. Thfuiijùb fhe shlurg

He susirjptgr bg fhshn igbtjbunr pnlnbfg prjons phrg qujhrh onbthbhr he shlurg. [nrn heeg, rhfuih su ogbtg y, hbtgbihs, sh cgron ubn prjon ñbjin igb eg pnlnfg y sh cjan he inpjtne quh igrrhspgbfh n hsn prjon ñbjin. He igbtrntg sudsjsth phrg quhfnb rhfuijfns ens prhstnijgbhs rhsphitjvns fh infn pnrth. i. Thsinth

Hb he rhsinth hs he tgonfgr qujhb rhsijbfh he igbtrntg   phrg en fhvgeuijùb fh en prjon suheh sudgrfjbnrsh n fgs igbfjijgbhs1 quh en pùejzn `nyn hstnfg vjlhbth (9 nþgs pgr hahopeg) y quh en prjon `nyn sjfg pnlnfn igb rhluenrjfnf. He rhsinth bg hs nfojsjdeh hb tgfg tjpg fh shlurgs . Igrrhspgbfh hb he insg fh shlurg pnrn he insg fh ouhrth. Hb egs gtrgs hs gdahtg fh hstjpuenijgbhs hsphijnehs.

 

Fhrhi`g Ohrinbtje  Ohrinbtje  onrths, 9 fh chdrhrg fh 4;>8

He igbtrntg fh shlurg1 igbihptg, inrnithrhs y ogfnejfnfhs

He nrtïiueg > fh en Ehy fhcjbh he igbtrntg fh shlurg igog "nquhe pgr he quh he nshlurnfgr sh gdejln, ohfjnbth he igdrg fh ubn prjon y pnrn he insg fh quh sh prgfuzin he hvhbtg iuyg rjhslg hs gdahtg fh igdhrturn, n jbfhobjznr, fhbtrg fh egs ejojths pnitnfgs, he fnþg prgfuijfg ne nshlurnfg g n sntjscnihr ub inpjtne, ubn rhbtn u gtrns prhstnijgbhs igbvhbjfns‟.

Vnden

> 4 ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ 9

Igbthbjfgs 

fh

Igbihptg Inrnithrïsins 4.>

Xb 4.4 4.9

fh fhe igbtrntg

Ogfnejfnfhs

sjbnenloîig Xb Xb

4.6 4.8

igbtrntg igbtrntg

Xb

g igbtrntg igbtrntg

igbtrntg

Xb

igbtrntg fh e

fh fh djenthrne

fh fh

igbtrntg

duhbn fh

shlurg  shlurg  phrchitg  gbhrgsg  nehntgrjg  nf`hsjùb  ch  shlurg 

 

¼ 9.> ¼ 9.4 Yhlurgs fh phrsgbns

Yhlurgs

fh

fnþgs 

Igb hstn fhbjijùb sh suphrn he nbnirùbjig igbihptg fh shlurg rhchrjfg tnb sgeg n egs fnþgs cgrtujtgs ginsjgbnfgs n egs djhbhs nshlurnfgs, quh sh igbthbïn hb egs Iùfjlgs Ijvje y fh Igohrijg, nsï igog en pgeêojin fgitrjbne hxjsthbth hbtrh egs pnrfnrjgs fh ub igbihptg ubjtnrjg fhe shlurg, dnsnfg cubfnohbtneohbth hb su bnejfnf jbfhobjzntgrjn, y egs fhchbsgrhs fh ub igbihptg funejstn fh shlurg quh sh rhhrn pgr shpnrnfg n egs shlurgs fh fnþgs, hb egs quh gphrn en ijtnfn bnejfnf, y n egs shlurgs fh phrsgbns, hb egs quh en inusn hs en

ohrn

prhvjsjùb

fhe

quh

sh

nshlurn.

[gr igbsjlujhbth, n en euz fh buhstrg Fhrhi`g pgsjvg, hs pgsjdeh cgrouenr ub igbihptg ubjtnrjg fhe shlurg, dnsnfg hb en jfhn fh quh en bnejfnf hshbijne fhe shlurg igbsjsth hb rhpnrnr ohfjnbth he pnlg fh ubn jbfhobjznijùb he fnþg sucrjfg pgr he nshlurnfg g, fji`g hb gtrgs têrojbgs, quh hb tgfg shlurg (jbieusg hb egs shlurgs fh vjfn) en rhnejznijùb fhe sjbjhstrg lhbhrn fnþgs ne nshlurnfg, iuyns igbshiuhbijns higbùojins vnb n shr sgpgrtnfns pgr he nshlurnfgr hb vjrtuf fhe shlurg.

- Igbihptg fh igbtrntg fh shlurg

Hb igbshiuhbijn, pgfhogs fhbjr he igbtrntg fh shlurg igog nquhe igbtrntg pgr he quh ubn phrsgbn (nshlurnfgr) sh gdejln, n inodjg fh ubn prhstnijùb phiubjnrjn (prjon), n jbfhobjznr n

 

gtrn (nshlurnfg), fhbtrg fh eïojths igbvhbjfgs, egs fnþgs sucrjfgs pgr en rhnejznijùb fh ub hvhbtg jbijhrtg.

- Inrnithrïstjins fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg He igbtrntg fh shlurg prhshbtn ens sjlujhbths inrnithrïsins1 + Xb igbtrntg sjbnenloîtjig g djenthrne phrchitg He igbtrn igbtrntg tg fh shl shlurg urg hs ub igb igbtrn trntg tg sjbnen sjbnenloî loîig ig g djenth djenthrne rne phr phrchi chitg tg fhe quh bnihb bnihb gdejlnijgbhs pnrn nodgs igbtrntnbths. + Xb igbtrntg gbhrgsg He igbtrntg fh shlurg hs ub igbtrntg gbhrgsg pgrquh nodns pnrths phrsjluhb en gdthbijùb fh ubn vhbtnan vhbtnan pntrjo pntrjogbj gbjne. ne. Hs ub igb igbtrn trntg tg fh trn trnitg itg suihsj suihsjvg, vg, pgrqu pgrquh, h, pgr eg lhbhrn lhbhrne, e, su igbthbjfg igbth bjfg bg sh nlgtn hb en rhnejznijù rhnejznijùb b fh ubn prhstnijùb prhstnijùb ñbjin, sjbg quh igbee igbeehvn hvn prhstnijgbhs suihsjvns. + Xb igbtrntg nehntgrjg He igbtrntg fh shlurg hs ub igbtrntg nehntgrjg, pgrquh he pnlg hchivg fh en prhstnijùb fhe nshlurnfgr sh `nih fhphbfhr fh ub hvhbtg quh g djhb hs jbijhrtg g djhb giurrjrî hb ub hopg jbfhthrojbnfg. Hsth inrîithr nehntgrjg fhe igbtrntg bg fhsnpnrhih pgr he `hi`g fh quh ens hbfnfhs nshlurnfgrns `nynb igbshlujfg hb en nitunejfnf, ohrihf ne phrchiijgbnojhbtg fh en têibjin nitunrjne, fhthrojbnr igb lrnb prhijsjùb he jopgrth fh egs rjhslgs quh sh nshlurnb, `nijhbfg nsï infn fïn oîs hstndeh y ohbgs phejlrgsn en nivjfnf

 

nshlurnfgrn= hb hsth shbfg, puhfh fhijrsh quh he igbtrntg sjluh sjhbfg nehntgrjg nubquh en jbfustrjn fhe shlurg eg shn infn vhz ohbgs. + Xb igbtrntg fh nf`hsjùb He igbtrntg fh shlurg hs ub igbtrntg fh nf`hsjùb, hb en ohfjfn quh he nshlurnfg sh sgohth n ens igbfjijgbhs lhbhrnehs hstndehijfns pgr he nshlurnfgr. + Xb igbtrntg fh duhbn ch Cjbneohbth, he igbtrntg fh shlurg hs ub igbtrntg fh duhbn ch, hb he quh ens pnrths fhdhb igopgrtnrsh igb ehnetnf rhiïprgin= phrg he neinbih quh `n fh fîrsheh n hsth inejinvg vn oîs neeî fh ens prhsirjpijgbhs igbthbjfns hb egs nriuegs >480 fhe Iùfjlg Ijvje y 8< fhe Iùfjlg fh Igoh Ig ohri rijg jg,, pu puhs hs en hxjst hxjsthb hbijn ijn fh ub ubn n ig igbt btrn rntn tnij ijùb ùb hb onsn onsn pg pgrr pn pnrt rth h fh en hopr hoprhs hsn n nshlurnfgrn, ubjfn ne `hi`g fh quh en hsonijùb y vnegrnijùb fhe rjhslg `nyn fh `nihrsh n trnvês fh en fhienrnijùb quh `nih he nshlurnfg y n en ijriubstnbijn fh quh en onygrïn fh ens vhihs he iujfnfg y onbhag fhe rjhslg quhfn hb onbgs fhe prgpjg nshlurnfg, ogvnb quh `nyn qu quh h ig igbi bihp hptu tunr nr n hsth hsth ig igbt btrn rntg tg ig igog og fh ud udêr êrrj rjon on dg dgbn bn f fh, h, eg qu quh h sj sjlb lbj jin in qu quh h he nshlurnfgr fhdhrî pgbhr hsphijne iujfnfg hb en hendgrnijùb fh ens ieîusuens fhe igbtrntg, pr prgi giur urnb nbfg fg qu quh h en rh rhfn fnii iijù jùb b shn shn ienr ienrn n y pr prhi hijsn jsn y hvjtn hvjtnbf bfg g qu quh h shnb shnb eh ehsj sjvn vnss pn pnrn rn egs egs nshlur nsh lurnf nfgs, gs, y êstgs êstgs quhfn quhfnrnb rnb sgohf sgohfgs gs n ubgs ubgs fhd fhdhrh hrhss hsphiï hsphiïig igss hb rhe rhenij nijùb ùb igb en fhienrnijùb y onbhag fhe rjhslg g igb en rhnejznijùb fhe sjbjhstrg.

- Ogfnejfnfhs fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg En Ehy fh Igbtrntg fh Yhlurg sh rhhrh ñbjinohbth n fgs ogfnejfnfhs1 egs shlurgs igbtrn fnþgs y egs shlurgs fh phrsgbns.

 

+ Yhlurgs fh fnþgs Dnag en fhbgoj Dnag fhbgojbn bnijù ijùb b fh shlurgs shlurgs fh fnþgs fnþgs, en Ehy fh Igbtrntg Igbtrntg fh Yhlur Yhlurg g rhluen rhluen buhvh buhvh ogfnejfnf ogfn ejfnfhs hs fh shlurgs1 shlurgs1 jbihbfjgs jbihbfjgs,, rgdg, rgdg, trnbsp trnbspgrt grths hs thrrhs thrrhstrh trhs, s, euirg euirg ihsnbt ihsnbth, h, inuijù inuijùb, b, irêfjtg, irêfjt g, rhspgb rhspgbsnd sndjejf jejfnf nf ijv ijvje, je, fhchbs fhchbsn n aurïfj aurïfjin in y rhn rhnshl shlurg urg.. Vgf Vgfgs gs hee heegs gs sgb shlurg shlurgss fh jbfhobjznijùb gdahvn hb egs quh he jopgrth fh en jbfhobjznijùb sh fhthrojbn fhspuês fhe sjbjhstrg hb cubijùb fhe fnþg pntrjogbjne rhneohbth sucrjfg pgr he nshlurnfg. Hb egs trh trhss prj prjohr ohrgs gs (sh (shlur lurgs gs fh igs igsns ns hb shbfg shbfg hstrjit hstrjitg), g), ie jbthrê jbthrêss nshlur nshlurnfg nfg rhinh fjrhitnohbth sgdrh igsns igbirhtns y fhthrojbnfns= hb egs gtrgs (shlurgs fh pntrjogbjg), he jbthrê jbthrêss quh quh sh nshlur nshlurn n nchitn nchitn ne pntrjo pntrjogbj gbjg g lhbhrn lhbhrnee fhe nshlur nshlurnfg nfg hb eulnr eulnr fh n djhbhs djhbhs igbirhtgs y fhthrojbnfgs. [hrg nfhoîs fh hstgs pgs igbirhtgs fh shlurgs fh fnþgs quh sh rhluenb hb en Ehy fh Igbtrntg fh Yhlurg, hxjsthb gtrns ogfnejfnfhs rhluenfns hb bgrons hsphijnehs, quh tnodjêb hbtrnb hb hsn inthlgrïn lhbêrjin, igog egs shlurgs nlrïigens, egs shlurgs fh nutgoùvjehs g he shlurg fh rhspgbsndjejfnf pgr rjhslg buiehnr. + Yhlurgs fh phrsgbns Egs shlurgs fh phrsgbns hbhb igog bnejfnf en igdhrturn fh rjhslgs rhenvgs n en phrsgbn `uonbn. Xbns vhihs he rjhslg igbsjsth hb en pgsjdjejfnf fh ub hvhbtg quh nchith n en hxjsthbijn ojson fhe nshlurnfg (shlurg fh vjfn), ojhbtrns quh gtrns igbsjsth hb en pgsjdjejfnf fh quh he nshlurnfg sucrn ehsjgbhs igrpgrnehs fhdjfns n inusn vjgehbtn y hxthrbn (shlurg fh niijfhbths) g ub quhdrnbtg fh su sneuf (shlurg fh hbchrohfnf). Igb inrîithr lhbhrne pnrn tgfgs hstgs shlurgs, en vjlhbth Ehy fh Igbtrntg fh Yhlurg hstndehih fgs igbirhtns prhsirjpijgbhs1 en prjohrn hs quh he igbtrntg puhfh ihehdrnrsh igb rhchrhbijn n rjhslgs rhenvgs n phrsgbn g n ub lrupg lrupg fh hee heens, ns, quh quh fhdhrî fhdhrî hstnr hstnr fhbjf fhbjfg g pgr nelubn nelubn in inrni rnithrï thrïsi sin n igoñb igoñb hxtrnþ hxtrnþn n ne prgpùsjtg fh nshlurnrsh (nriueg 0>)= en shlubfn, quh he nshlurnfgr, nub fhspuês fh pnlnfn en jbfh jbfhob objz jzni nijù jùb, b, pg pgfr frî î sudr sudrgl glnr nrsh sh hb eg egss fh fhrh rhi` i`gs gs qu quh h hb su insg insg ig igrr rrhs hspg pgbf bfnb nb ne nshlurnfg igbtrn ub thrihrg igog igbshiuhbijn fhe sjbjhstrg, n hxihpijùb n eg rhenvg n egs lnstgs fh nsjsthbijn snbjtnrjn.

Igbtrntg fh shlurg [nrn gtrgs usgs fh hsth têrojbg, vênsh Yhlurgs (fhsnodjlunijùb). (fhsnodjlunijùb).

He igbtrntg fh shlurg hs he niuhrfg pgr he iune ubn fh ens pnrths, he nshlurnfgr , sh gdejln n rhsnrijr fh ub fnþg fnþg   g n pnlnr ubn suon fh fjbhrg n en gtrn pnrth, tgonfgr , ne vhrjcjinrsh en hvhbtunejfnf prhvjstn hb he igbtrntg, n inodjg fhe pnlg fh ub prhijg, fhbgojbnfg prjon, pgr 

 

he tgonfgr. He igbtrntg fh shlurg puhfh thbhr pgr gdahtg tgfn iensh fh rjhslgs rjhslgs sj  sj hxjsth jbthrês nshlurndeh, snevg prg`jdjijùb hxprhsn fh en ehy ehy.. He igbtrntnbth g tgonfgr   fhe fhe shlurg, quh puhfh igjbijfjr g bg igb he nshlurnfg, pgr su pnrth, sh gdej gdejln ln n hc hchi hitu tunr nr he pn pnlg lg fh hs hsn n pr prjo jon, n, n in inod odjg jg fh en ig igdh dhrt rtur urn n gtgr gtgrln lnfn fn pgr  pgr  he nshlurnfgr , en iu iune ne eh hv hvjtjtn n nc ncrg rgbt btnr nr ub phra phrauj ujij ijg g higb higbùo ùoji jig g on onyg ygr, r, hb insg insg fh quh quh he sjbjhstrg sjbjhstrg sh  sh prgfuzin. He igbtrntg fh shlurg hs igbshbsune= egs fhrhi`gs y gdejlnijgbhs rhiïprgigs fh nshlurnfgr y tgonfgr, hopjhznb fhsfh quh sh `n ihehdrnfg en igbvhbijùb, nub nbths fh hojtjrsh en «pùejzn½ g fgiuohbtg quh rhcehan fntgs y igbfjijgbhs fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg. Ïbfjih   ]giuetnr_  

   

>He shlu sh lurg rg 4Hehohbtgs Hehohb tgs phrsgbn phrsgbnehs ehs fhe igbtrntg fh shlurgs shlurg s

g

 

4.> He nshl ns hlurn urnfg fgrr

g

 

4.4 4. 4He tgon tg onfg fgrr

g

 

4.9 He nshl ns hlurn urnfg fg



 

  4.6 He dhb dhbhcj hcjijn ijnrjg rjg 9Hehohbtgs Hehohb tgs cgronehs fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg



 

6Hehohbtgs Hehohb tgs rhnehs fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg

g



g

 

6.> He jbthrê jbt hrêss nshl nshlurnd urndeh eh

g

 

6.4 6. 4He rjrjhs hslg lg

g

 

6.9 En prj prjon on g prhijg prhi jg fh shlurg shl urg

g

 

6.6En gdejlnijùb gdejln ijùb fhe nshlurn nshlurnfgr fgr n pnlnr en suon nshlurnfn nshlurnf n

 

8Vj Vjpg pgss fh shlu sh lurgs rgs

g

 

8.> Yhlurg Yhl urg fh jbthrhsh jbth rhshss

g

 

8.4 Yhlurg Yhl urg fh phrsgbn phrs gbnss

g

 

8.9 Gtrgs Gtr gs shlur shl urgs gs

g

 

8.6 Yhlurgs Yhl urgs gde gdejln jlntgrj tgrjgs gs

g

 

8.8 Yhlurgs Yhl urgs pgig pgi g igoubhs igou bhs

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3Nl Nlhb hbth th fh shlurg shl urgss

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;Dj Djde dejg jglr lrncï ncïn n

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>>Hb Hben enihs ihs hx hxthr thrbg bgss

 

He shlurg]hfjtnr _  Nrtïiueg prjbijpne1 prjbijpne1  Yhlurg

He shlurg shlurg   hs he ohi ohinbj nbjsog sog pgr he iun iunee quj qujhbh hbhss sgp sgpgrt grtnb nb rjhslg rjhslgss puh puhfhb fhb trnbsc trnbschrj hrjreg regss ne nshlurnfgr, qujhb sh igoprgohth n jbfhobjznreg tgtne g pnrijneohbth fh ens pêrfjfns quh egs rjhslgs puhfhb ginsjgbnr. Ne rhnejznr ub igbtrntg fh shlurg, sh jbthbtn gdthbhr ubn prgthiijùb higbùojin fh djhbhs g phrsgbns quh pufjhrnb hb ub cuturg sucrjr fnþgs.

Hehohbtgs phrsgbnehs fhe igbtrntg fh shlurgs]hfjtnr _ Fhbtrg fh en rhenijùb igbtrnitune sh hbiuhbtrnb egs sjlujhbths suahtgs1>

He nshlurnfgr ]hfjtnr _ He hbth nshlurnfgr puhfh shr fhcjbjfg igog ―en phrsgbn aurïfjin quh igbstjtujfn igb nrrhleg n eg fjspuhstg pgr en ehljsenijùb igrrhspgbfjhbth, sh fhfjin n nsuojr rjhslgs nahbgs, iuopejhbfg eg quh n hsth hchitg hstndehih nquheen ehljsenijùb, ohfjnbth en phrihpijùb fh ub ijhrtg prhijg eenonfg prjon.‟ Fhdhogs fhstninr hb en cjlurn fhe nshlurnfgr ubgs phrcjehs igbirhtgs hbtrh egs quh pgfhogs nprhijnr egs sjlujhbths1 

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  [gr jo jophr phrntj ntjvg vg ehln ehlne,e, `n fh trnt trntnrs nrsh h fh ubn phrs phrsgbn gbn aur aurïfj ïfjin. in. Bg ind indh h bj sjquj sjqujhrn hrn ginsjgbne fh nelujhb quh, jbfjvjfuneohbth, rhnejih gphrnijgbhs fh igdhrturn fh rjhslgs. Ens igbfjijgbhs fh cubijgbnojhbtg fhe shlurg y su prgyhiijùb hb he tjhopg yn hxjlhb, pgr  sï sgens, quh he nshlurnfgr shn ubn phrsgbn aurïfjin=   Nq Nquh uheen een phr phrsg sgbn bn fh fhdh dh rh rhvh vhst stjr jr,, pr prhi hijs jsno nohb hbth th,, nelu nelubn bn fh ens ens cgro cgrons ns quh quh en ehy igbsjfhrn ñbjinohbth vîejfns pnrn en prîitjin fh en jbfustrjn nshlurnfgrn=   @n fh `ndhr o ohrhij hrhijfg fg prh prhvjnoh vjnohbth bth en n nprgdn prgdnijùb ijùb fh en Nfo Nfojbjst jbjstrnijùb rnijùb [ñdej [ñdejin, in, pnr pnrn n nitunr igog nshlurnfgrn=   Fhdh f fhfjinr hfjinrsh sh hb cg cgron ron hx hxieusj ieusjvn vn n en prîit prîitjin jin fhe shlur shlurg g g fhe rhnsh rhnshlurg, lurg, h hb b su insg sjb quh shn nfojsjdeh gtrg tjpg fh nitjvjfnfhs, snevg ens gphrnijgbhs fh lhstjùb fh cgbfgs igehitjvgs fh audjenijùb=   @nb fh nau naustnr stnr ssu u sjt sjtunijùb unijùb n ens bg bgrons rons fh en ehljsenijùb fh shlurgs, quh rhluenb igb fhtneeh en prîitjin nshlurnfgrn, n en vhz sh `neenb sgohtjfns n en jbsphiijùb y igbtrge fhe [gfhr pñdejig.

Fhbtrg fhe nopejg hsphitrg fh ens pgsjdehs phrsgbns aurïfjins sgb supuhstgs nfojtjfgs igog vîejfgs1

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Ygijhfnf Nbùbjon. Ygijhfnf Outun n prjon cjan.

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Outunehs fh prhvjsjùb sgijne.

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Ygijhfnf Iggphrntjvn.

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Yjhbfg he shl Yjhbfg shlurg urg ub nsu nsubtg btg quh nch nchitn itn n tgf tgfn n en igo igoubj ubjfnf fnf,, y quh hstî fjr fjrhit hitnoh nohbth bth igbhitnfg igb he djhbhstnr fh hstn y iuyn dnsh jbfjsphbsndeh hs en igbcjnbzn y he irêfjtg. N ens hbtjfnfh hbtjfnfhss quh fhs fhshhb hhb nit nitunr unr igog nsh nshlur lurnfg nfgrns rns sh eh hxj hxjlhb lhb ubn fgd fgdeh eh shr shrjh jh fh

 

cgronejfnfhs tnbtg igog aurïfjins igog higbùojins, gdhfhijhbfg hstns fh en hbtjfnf quh sh qujhrnb cgronr pnrn prgvhhr egs shlurgs.

He tgonfgr ]hfjtnr _ Sênsh tnodjêb1  Vgonfgr

(Fhrhi`g)

He tgonfgr hs en phrsgbn bnturne g aurïfjin ―quh igbtrntn y susirjdh en pùejzn fh shlurg, pgr  iuhb iuhbtn tn pr prgp gpjn jn g fh ub thri thrihr hrg, g, ns nsuo uojhb jhbfg fg en enss gd gdejejln lnij ijgb gbhs hs y fhrh fhrhi`g i`g hb en E.I. E.I.Y. Y. sh hstndehihb‟ trnsenfnr ub fhthrojbnfg rjhslgegs n ub thrihrg (hoprhsn n hchitg fh quhdusin eh shnb rhsnrijfgs n êe g n ub thrihrg fnþgs g phrfjfns quhnshlurnfgrn) puhfnb fhrjvnr  fhe ninhijojhbtg fh ub suihsg jbijhrtg n en chi`n fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg. Igb tne gdahtg fhdhrî ndgbnr ubn rhtrjduijùb (prjon) ne nshlurnfgr.

He nshlurnfg]hfjtnr _ He nshlurnfg puhfh shr fhcjbjfg igog he tjtuenr fhe îrhn fh jbthrês quh en igdhrturn fhe shlurg igbijhrbh, y fhe fhrhi`g n en jbfhobjznijùb quh hb su fïn sh sntjscnln quh, hb ijhrtgs insgs, puhfh trnsenfnrsh ne dhbhcjijnrjg. Hs en phrsgbn bnturne g aurïfjin n qujhb he nigbthijojhbtg fhe sjbjhstrg vn n nchitnreh oîs fjrhitnohbth. Hb fhcjbjtjvn, hs nquhe sgdrh iuyn indhzn g djhbhs vnb n rhinhr ens igbshiuhbijns fhe sjbjhstrg. En cjlurn fhe nshlurnfg hs hshbijne fhbtrg fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg. [grquh eg ojsog quh bg indh igbihdjr ub igbtrntg fh nquheen bnturnehzn sjb en hxjsthbijn fh ub rjhslg quh iudrjr g tnopgig rhsuetn fndeh phbsnr ub bhlgijg aurïfjig fh en bnturnehzn ohbijgbnfn sjb quh `nyn ubn phrsgbn g fhstjbntnrjg cjbne fh en lnrnbtïn quh sh pnitn, y iuygs jbthrhshs, prgthljfgs fh hstn suhrth, sgb en inusn hcjijhbth fhe igbtrntg. He dhbhcjijnrjg]hfjtnr _ Hs en phrs phrsgb gbn n qu quh h tjhb tjhbh h fh fhrh rhi` i`g g n rh rhij ijdj djrr en pr prhs hstn tnij ijùb ùb fhe fhe nshl nshlur urnf nfgr gr.. En cjlu cjlurn rn fhe fhe dhbhcjijnrjg tjhbh hsphijne rhehvnbijn hb egs shlurgs fh phrsgbns, yn quh igb crhiuhbijn hstîb fhstjbnfgs n nprgvhi`nr n ub thrihrg, h jbieusg hb ijhrtns ogfnejfnfhs hstg hs bhihsnrjg, igog giurrh hb egs shlurgs pnrn insg fh ouhrth. He dhbhcjijnrjg hs tnodjêb en phrsgbn quh, vn n rhijdjr en utjejfnf fhe shlurg iunbfg sh prgfuzin he `hi`g igbthopenfg hb he ojsog (sjb shr nshlurnfg). Hs nquhe sgdrh qujhb rhinhb egs dhbhcjijgs fh en pùejzn pnitnfn, pgr vgeubtnf hxprhsn fhe tgonfgr. En fhsjlbnijùb fhe dhbhcjijnrjg rhspgbfh n ubgs penbthnojhbtgs fh prhvjsjùb quh igrrhspgbfhb n egs shlurgs fh inrîithr phrsgbne, fh onbhrn hsphijne n egs shlurgs fh vjfn y niijfhbths niijfhbths,, pnrn he insg fh ouhrth fhe nshlurnfg. He nrtïiueg 06 fh en E.I.Y. fh Hspnþn, hstndehih thxtuneohbth quh he tgonfgr fhe shlurg pgfrî fhsjlbnr dhbhcjijnrjg g ogfjcjinr en fhsjlbnijùb nbthrjgrohbth rhnejznfn, sjb bhihsjfnf fhe igbshbtjojhbtg fhe nshlurnfgr. Igb heeg quhfn ienrg quh en cniuetnf fh shþnenr y rhvginr  dhbh dhbhcjcjij ijnr nrjg jgss hstî hstî hb en on onbg bg fh fhee tgon tgonfg fgr. r. He nshl nshlur urnfg nfg bg pgsh pgshh h bjbl bjblñb ñb fhrh fhrhi` i`g g g fjspgsjijùb sgdrh he pnrtjiuenr, bj sjqujhrn fh nprgdnr g rhi`nznr he dhbhcjijnrjg quh he tgonfgr  `n hehljfg.

Hehohbtgs cgronehs fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg]hfjtnr _ 

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  [rgp [rgpgsjijù gsjijùb1 b1 hs ub ig igbtrnt btrntg g fh du duhbn hbn ch ch,, fgb fgbfh fh en iigopnþ gopnþïn ïn irh irhh h eg q quh uh fhi fhienrn enrn h hee prgpgbhbth (iejhbth) pnrn nprhijnr he rjhslg y nsï fhthrojbnr he igsth y neinbih fhe shlurg.   [ùejz [ùejzn1 n1 hs he fgiu fgiuohbtg ohbtg p prjbijp rjbijpne ne quh jjbstru bstruohbt ohbtn n he igb igbtrntg trntg fh shl shlurg, urg, h hb b fgbf fgbfh h igbstnb egs fhrhi`gs y gdejlnijgbhs fh ens pnrths, hs ub fgiuohbtg prjvnfg rhfnitnfg hb vnrjgs cgejgs. Ens igbfjijgbhs lhbhrnehs hstîb joprhsns, ojhbtrns ens igbfjijgbhs pnrtjiuenrhs sgb phrsgbnejznfns. En pùejzn igbtjhbh, gdejlntgrjnohbth1

 

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egs bgodrhs, fgojijejgs fh egs igbtrntnbths y cjron fh en hoprhsn nshlurnfgrn=

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en fhsjlbnijùb fh en igsn g fh en phrsgbn nshlurnfn=

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en bnturnehzn fh egs rjhslgs lnrnbtjznfgs=

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  he o ogoh gohbtg btg n pn pnrtj rtjrr fh fhee iu iune ne ssh h l lnrn nrnbtj btjzn zn h hee rj rjhsl hslg g y een n f furn urnijù ijùb b fh hst hstn n lnrnbtïn=

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he ogbtg fh en lnrnbtïn=

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en iugtn g prjon fhe shlurg=

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  ens ens fh fhoî oîss ieîus ieîusue uens ns qu quh h fh fhdnb dnb ccjl jlur urnr nr hb een n pù pùejejzn zn fh n niu iuhr hrfg fg ig igb b ens fjspgsjijgbhs ehlnehs, nsï igog ens igbvhbjfns eïijtnohbth pgr egs igbtrntnbths. >

Hehohbtgs rhnehs fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg]hfjtnr _ Ygb nquheegs hehohbtgs quh, fh bg igbieujr, bg phrojthb en hxjsthbijn fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg1  

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he jbthrês nshlurndeh he rjhslg nshlurndeh

   

en prjon en gdejlnijùb fhe nshlurnfgr n jbfhobjznr 

He jbthrês nshlurndeh]hfjtnr _ Hb lhbhrne, he gdahtg jbohfjntg fhe igbtrntg hs en gdejlnijùb quh pgr êe sh igbstjtuyh, phrg igog êstn, n su vhz, tjhbh pgr gdahtg ubn prhstnijùb fh fnr , `nihr g bg `nihr, sh eenon grfjbnrjnohbth gdahtg fhe igbtrntg n ens igsns g shrvjijgs quh sgb onthrjn, rhsphitjvnohbth, fh ens gdejlnijgbhs fh fnr g fh `nihr. En gdejlnijùb prjbijpne fhe nshlurnfgr tjhbh pgr gdahtg g prhstnijùb en tuthen fhe jbthrês nohbnznfg pgr he rjhslg nshlurnfg, ojhbtrns bg sh `nyn prgfuijfg he sjbjhstrg, y hstn gdejlnijùb sh igbvjhrth hb en fh jbfhobjznr he fnþg inusnfg, sj he sjbjhstrg sh prgfuih. [gr jbthrês sh hbtjhbfh en rhenijùb eïijtn eïijtn   fh vnegr higbùojig sgdrh ub djhb djhb.. Iunbfg hstn rhenijùb sh `neen nohbnznfn pgr ub rjhslg rjhslg,, hs ub jbthrês nshlurndeh. He jbthrês nshlurnfg tjhbh bhihsnrjnohbth ub vnegr higbùojig, quh hb ubgs shlurgs (egs fh igsns) sh fhthrojbn n pgsthrjgrj ohfjnbth en igrrhspgbfjhbth tnsnijùb phrjijne, y hb gtrgs (egs fh phr phrsgb sgbns) ns) sh fht fhthro hrojbn jbn n prj prjgrj grj,, igb igbtrn trnitu itune ne g ehl ehlneo neohbt hbth. h. Bg gds gdstnb tnbth, th, hb nqu nquhee heegs gs shlurgs, ne tjhopg fh cgronejznrsh he igbtrntg sh cjan ubjenthrneohbth pgr he nshlurnfg en inbtjfnf quh êe hstjon sucjijhbth pnrn rhpnrnr he fnþg hb insg fh sjbjhstrg, hstn inbtjfnf eenonfn suon nshlurnfn, rhprhshbtn he vnegr nprgxjonfg fhe jbthrês, sjrvh fh dnsh pnrn ineiuenr en prjon (n onygr suon onygr prjon) y fh eïojth igbtrnitune n en cuturn prhstnijùb fhe nshlurnfgr. He jfhne hs quh hxjstn igjbijfhbijn hbtrh he vnegr fhe jbthrês y en suon nshlurnfn, phrg phrg en fjsi fjsigr grfn fnbi bijn jn sj sjho hopr prh h hs pg pgsj sjde deh, h, pu puhs hs,, igog igog `hog `hogss fji` fji`g, g, hstn hstn ñetj ñetjon on en cjan cjan ejdrhohbth he nshlurnfg y, fhejdhrnfnohbth g pgr hrrgr, puhfh cjanren hb inbtjfnf fjstjbtn fhe vnegr fhe jbthrês. Hb prjbijpjg, sh puhfhb nshlurnr tgfns ens igsns igrpgrnehs (igi`hs, vjvjhbfns, bhlgijgs, hti.) h jbigrpgrnehs (phraujijgs higbùojigs, pnrnejznijùb fh nitjvjfnf, htiêthrn)= nfhoîs, sh

 

puhfh nshlurnr en vjfn y he pntrjogbjg. [nrn quh en igsn shn susihptjdeh fh shr nshlurnfn, fhdh iuopejr igb egs sjlujhbths rhqujsjtgs1  

  Fhdh trntnrsh fh ubn igsn igrpgrne g jbigrpgrne.   En ig igsn sn fh fhdh dh hxj hxjstjr stjr ne tjtjhopg hopg f fhe he igb igbtrnt trntg, g, g n nee ohb ohbgs gs ne tjhop tjhopg g hb q quh uh ho hopjhihb pjhihb n igrrhr egs rjhslgs g fnþgs.

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En igsn fhdh shr tnsndeh hb fjbhrg.

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En igsn fhdh shr gdahtg fh ubn hstjpuenijùb eïijtn.

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En igsn fhdh hstnr hxpuhstn n phrfhrsh pgr he rjhslg quh igrrh he nshlurnfg.

 N igbtrnrjg shbsu, bg sh puhfhb nshlurnr1

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egs rjhslgs hsphiuentjvgs (prhihptg dîsjig1 "En jbfh jbfhob objz jzni nijù jùb b bg igbs igbstj tjtu tuyh yh lnbnbijn")=   egs gdahtgs fhe igohrijg jeïijtgs=

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ens igsns hb fgbfh bg hxjsth ub jbthrês nshlurndeh nshlurndeh..

He rjhslg]hfjtnr _  Nrtïiueg prjbijpne1 prjbijpne1  Tjhslg

En cjbnejfnf fhe shlurg igbsjsth hb prgpgrijgbnr shlurjfnf higbùojin igbtrn he rjhslg, hstn cjbnejfnf sh igbsjluh bg pgr en suprhsjùb fhe nigbthijojhbtg thojfg (cuhlg, ouhrth, hbchrohfnf, hti.), sjbg pgr en ihrthzn fh thbhr ubn igophbsnijùb higbùojin iunbfg sh prgfuzin he hvhbtg fnþgsg thojfg. Fhsfh he pubtg fh vjstn aurïfjig, he rjhslg vjhbh n shr ub hehohbtg hshbijne fhe igbtrntg y igbsjsth hb ub nigbthijojhbtg jbijhrtg hb iunbtg ne `hi`g ojsog g hb iunbtg ne ogohbtg fh su rhnejznijùb, g rhsphitg n en iunbtïn fhe hchitg. He rjhslg, shlñb hxpgbh Lnrrjluhs, hs en pgsjdjejfnf fh quh pgr nznr giurrn ub `hi`g quh prgfuzin ubn bhihsjfnf pntrjogbjne. Hstn bhihsj bhi hsjfnf fnf pnt pntrjo rjogbj gbjne ne puh puhfh fh shr igb igbirh irhtn, tn, igo igog g giu giurrh rrh hb egs shl shlurg urgss igb igbtrn trn fnþ fnþgs= gs= g ndstrnitn, igog giurrh hb egs shlurgs fh phrsgbns g, ohagr fji`g, hb egs shlurgs fh suons, hsphijneohbth hb he shlurg sgdrh en vjfn. Yjb rjhslg, bg puhfh hxjstjr shlurg, pgrquh ne cnetnr en pgsjdjejfnf fh quh sh prgfuzin he hvhbtg fnþgsg, bj pgfrî hxjstjr fnþg bj indrî phbsnr hb jbfhobjznijùb jbfhobjznijùb   nelubn. He rjhslg prhshbtn ijhrtns inrnithrïstjins quh sgb ens sjlujhbths 1  

  Hs jbijhrtg y nehntgrjg.   [gsjdeh. Eg jopgsjdeh bg grjljbn rjhslg. Fhdh shr jbijhrtg, pgrquh sj bhihsnrjnohbth vn n giurrjr, bnfjh nsuojrïn en gdejlnijùb fh rhpnrnreg.

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Hs igbirhtg.

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Hs eïijtg.

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Hs cgrtujtg.

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Hs fh igbthbjfg higbùojig.

Hb igbtrntg shlurg, nshlurnfgr  bg puhfh nsuojr he rjhslg rjhslg    fh tgf ubngsonbhrn sjbg sjb ghe quh hst hsth h fh fhd fhdhr hr shr hefhdjfn fhdjfnohb ohbth th  bg jbf jbfjvj jvjfun funejz ejznfg nfg,, yn quh bg tgfgs egs rjhslg rjhndstrnitn, slgss sgb

 

nshlurndehs, hs pgr heeg quh sh fhdhb ejojtnrsh h jbfjvjfunejznrsh, fhbtrg fh en rhenijùb igbtrnitune.

En prjon g prhijg fh shlurg]hfjtnr _ En prjon prjon   hs ubg fh egs hehohbtgs jbfjsphbsndehs fhe igbtrntg fh shlurg. Hs he prhijg fhe shlurg g igbtrnprhstnijùb, quh hstndehih ubn igopnþïn fh shlurgs ineiuenfn shlurgs ineiuenfn sgdrh en dnsh fh iîeiuegs nitunrjnehs y hstnfïstjigs thbjhbfg hb iuhbtn en crhiuhbijn y shvhrjfnf hb en giurrh giu rrhbij bijn n fh hvh hvhbtg btgss sjo sjojen jenrhs rhs,, en `js `jstgr tgrjn jn ojs ojson on fh hvh hvhbtg btgss giu giurrj rrjfgs fgs ne iej iejhbt hbth, h, y hxieuyhbfg egs lnstgs jbthrbgs g hxthrbgs quh thbln fji`n nshlurnfgrn nshlurnfgrn.. Ynevg Ynev g pnit pnitg g igbt igbtrn rnrj rjg, g, sj bg sh `n pn pnln lnfg fg en pr prjo jon n nbth nbthss fh prgf prgfui uijr jrsh sh he fhsn fhsnst strh rh g niijfhbth, he nshlurnfgr sh ejdhrn fh en gdejlnijùb igbtrnïfn hb he igbtrntg. Vnodjêb, snevg pnitg hb igbtrnrjg, hs pnlnfn hb fjbhrg= su pnlg hs fh inrîithr gdejlntgrjg pnrn he tgonfgr g igbtrntnbth shlñb ens igbfjijgbhs hstndehijfns hb en pùejzn fh shlurgs.

En gdejlnijùb fhe nshlurnfgr n pnlnr en suon nshlurnfn ]hfjtnr _ Hsth hehohbtg rhsuetn trnsihbfhbth pgrquh rhprhshbtn en inusn fh en gdejlnijùb quh nsuoh he tgonfgr   fh pnlnr en prjon prjon   igrrhspgbfjhbth. Fhdjfg n quh hsth sh gdejln n pnlnr  en prjon prjon   pgr pgrquh quh nsp nspjrn jrn quh he nshlurnfgr   nsu nsuon on he rjhslg rjhslg   y iuo iuopen pen igb pnl pnlnr  nr  en jbfhobjznijùb jbfhobjznijùb hb  hb insg fh quh he sjbjhstrg sjbjhstrg giurrn.  giurrn. Hstn gdejlnijùb fhphbfh fh en rhnejznijùb fhe rjhslg rjhslg nshlurnfg.  nshlurnfg. Hstg bg hs sjbg igbshiuhbijn fhe fhdhr fhe nshlurnfgr   fh nsuojr he rjhslg rjhslg   nsh nshlur lurnde ndeh. h. Z sj djh djhb b puh puhfh fh bg prg prgfui fuijrs jrsh h he sjbjhstrg sjbjhstrg,, heeg bg sjlbjcjin en cnetn fhe hehohbtg hshbijne fhe shlurg quh n`grn bgs giupn, pgr  iunbtg hsth sh igbcjlurn igb en nsubijùb fhe rjhslg rjhslg   quh `nih he nshlurnfgr   ne ihehdrnr he igbtrntg nshlurntjvg, sjhbfg hxjljdeh en prhstnijùb jbfhobjzntgrjn sùeg hb insg fh giurrjr  he sjbjhstrg sjbjhstrg..

Vjpgs fh shlurgs]hfjtnr _ Hxjsthb lrnb inbtjfnf fh ienshs fh shlurgs, quh puhfhb shr iensjcjinfgs fh en sjlujhbth cgron1

Yhlurg fh jbthrhshs]hfjtnr _ 

[gr he gdahtg1   he jbthrês puhfh shr sgdrh ub djhb fhthrojbnfg, sgdrh ub fhrhi`g fhthrojbnfg n ub djhb g fhrjvnfg fh ub djhb y sgdrh tgfg he pntrjogbjg pntrjogbjg.. 

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Yhlurg Yhl urg igbtrn igbtrn jbihbf jbihbfjg1 jg1 Nquhe  Nquhe  fhquh ne nshlurnfg nshlurnfg hb   en enhbtrhln en jbfhobjznijùb jbfhobjznijùb   hb insg fh jbihbfjg jbihbfjg  suslnrnbtjzn djhbhs fhthrojbnfgs pùejzn pùejzn g  g fh en rhpnrnijùb g rhsnrijojhbtg fh egs ojsogs.

hb he quh he nshlurnfgr   sh igoprgohth n jbfhobjznr  ne  ne nshlurnfg nshlurnfg   pgr ens pêrfjf pêrfjfns ns sucrj sucrjfns fns n igbsh igbshiuhbi iuhbijn jn fh en fhsnpnrjijùb fh egs gdahtgs nshlurnfgs. Yhlu Yh lurg rg

ig igbt btrn rn

rg rgdg dg11   Nqu Nquhe he

Yhlurg Yhl urg fh trnbsp trnbspgrt grth1 h1 Nquhe  Nquhe pgr he quh ubn hbtjfnf nshlurnfgrn sh igoprgohth ne pnlg fh fhthrojbnfns jbfhobjznijgbhs n igbshiuhbijn fh egs fnþgs sgdrhvhbjfgs furnbth he trnbspgrth trnbspgrth fh  fh ohrinbiïns. [gr en iensh fhe jbthrês nshlurnfg1  puhfh shr sgdrh he jbthrês fhe inpjtne y he jbthrês fh

en lnbnbijn. _ Yhlurg fh phrsgbns]hfjtnr  fh phrsgbns  y   Yhlurg fh vjfn.

 Nrtïiuegs prjbijpnehs1 prjbijpnehs1  Yhlurg

 

Hb shbtjfg hstrjitg1 Yhlurg sgdrh en vjfn `uonbn `uonbn   - Hs nquhe hb he quh he pnlg pgr 

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he nshlurnfgr   fh en inbtj inbtjfnf fnf hstjp hstjpuenfn uenfn hb he igbtr igbtrntg ntg sh `nih fhphb fhphbfjhbfg fjhbfg fhe cneehijojhbtg cneehijojhbtg g  g suphrvjvhbijn suphrvjvhbijn fhe  fhe nshlurnfg nshlurnfg hb  hb ubn êpgin fhthrojbnfn. Hb shbtjfg nopejg , n egs shlurgs quh iudrhb ub nigbthijojhbtg quh nchitn en sneuf g jbthlrjfnf igrpgrne.

Gtrgs shlurgs]hfjtnr _ 

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  Yhlurg igopehoh igopehohbtnrjg btnrjg11 Nquhe quh sh jbigrpgrn n gtrn igb gdahtg fh prhstnr n en phrsgbn nshlurnfn hb nodgs ubn buhvn lnrnbtïn lnrnbtïn g  g nopejnr en igdhrturn igdhrturn prhhxjsthbth.  prhhxjsthbth.   Yhlurg fh hbchrohf hbchrohfnf nf11 Hs nquhe hb vjrtuf, hb insg fh hbchrohfnf hbchrohfnf fhe  fhe nshlurnfg nshlurnfg,, sh eh hbtrhln ubn jbfhobjznijùb jbfhobjznijùb prhvjstn  prhvjstn prhvjnohbth hb en pùejzn pùejzn..   Yhlurg fh grcnbfnf grcnbfnf11 Nquhe quh tjhbh pgr gdahtg en igbihsjùb igbihsjùb fh  fh ubn phbsjùb phbsjùb thopgrne  thopgrne n cnvgr fh egs `jags ohbgrhs fh >0 nþgs hb insg fh cneehijojhbtg cneehijojhbtg fhe  fhe pnfrh g fh en onfrh fh egs quh fhphbfnb higbùojinohbth.   Yhlurg niuouen niuouentjvg tjvg11 Nquheegs hb he quh fgs g oîs hbtjfnfhs fh shlurgs iudrhb jbfhphbfjhbthohbth y sjouetîbhnohbth ub rjhslg rjhslg..   Yhlurg igbtrn tgfg rjhslg rjhslg11 Nquhe hb he quh sh `nb jbieujfg tgfns ens lnrnbtïns lnrnbtïns bgroneohbth  bgroneohbth npejindehs n fhthrojbnfg rjhslg rjhslg..   Yhlurg fh niijfhbt niijfhbths hs11 Nquhe quh tjhbh pgr gdahtg en prhstnijùb fh jbfhobjznijgbhs hb insg fh nii insg niijfh jfhbth bthss quh ogtjv ogtjvhb hb en ouhrth ouhrth g  g jbinpnijfnf jbinpnijfnf fhe  fhe nshlurnfg nshlurnfg,, n inusn fh nitjvjfnfhs prhvjstns hb en pùejzn. N vhihs gdejlntgrjgs pnrn gdthbijùb fh vjsns, shlñb he thrrjtgrjg.   Yhlurg fh nsjsthbi nsjsthbijn jn fh vjnahs vjnahs11 Nquhe shlurg igbfuihbth n rhsgevhr ens jbijfhbijns fh fjvhrsn bnturnehzn quh eh `nynb surljfg furnbth ub vjnah vjnah..   Yhlurg fh nutgoùvj nutgoùvjehs ehs11 Nquhe quh tjhbh pgr gdahtg en prhstnijùb fh jbfhobjznijgbhs fhrjvnfns fh niijfhbths niijfhbths prgfuijfgs  prgfuijfgs n igbshiuhbijn fh en ijriuenijùb fh vh`ïiuegs vh`ïiuegs..   Yhlurg igehitjv igehitjvg g1 Nquhe igbtrntg fh shlurg sgdrh phrsgbns phrsgbns,, quh sh inrnithrjzn pgr  iudrjr iud rjr ohf ohfjnb jnbth th ub sge sgeg g igb igbtrn trntg tg oñe oñetjp tjpehs ehs nsh nshlur lurnfg nfgss quh jbthlr jbthlrnb nb ubn igehitjvjfnf igehitjvjfnf`goglêbhn. `goglêbhn.

Yhlurgs gdejlntgrjgs]hfjtnr _ En ehy ehy   suheh hstndehihr fhthrojbnfgs shlurgs igb inrîithr gdejlntgrjg. Hahopegs fh shlurgs gdejlntgrjgs pgr ehy sgb egs sjlujhbths1 

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  shlur shlurg g g gdejln dejlntgrjg tgrjg fh vh`ïi vh`ïiuegs uegs,, quh quh hs ub sh shlu lurg rg dîsj dîsjig ig fhe fhe rnog rnog   o oîs îs nop nopejg ejg fhe shlurg fhe nutgoùvje nutgoùvje.. Hs fh gdejlntgrjn susirjpijùb lrnijns ne Thne Fhirhtg Ehljsentjvg 0/4;;6, fh 4: fh gitudrh=   shlurg fh phrrgs igbsjfh igbsjfhrnfgs rnfgs phejlr phejlrgsgs gsgs==   shlurgs fhpgrtjvgs fhpgrtjvgs11 Iudrhb ens nitjvjfnfhs fhpgrtjvns, hbtrhbnojhbtgs y igophthbijns, fhsnrrgeenfns dnag en suphrvjsjùb y/g nutgrjznijùb fh en jbstjtuijùb pgr en iune cuh igbtrntnfn en igdhrturn y furnbth en vjlhbijn shþnenfn hb en pùejzn= 

 

shlurg fh inzn inzn11 En oïbjon igdhrturn quh puhfh igbshlujr hs en pùejzn fh

rhs rhspgb pgbsnd sndjejf jejfnf ijv ijvje je fhe inz inznfg r quhfh iud iudrh egs fnþ fnþgs gs jbv jbvgeu geubtn btnrjg rjgss quh puf pufjhs jhsh h ginsjgbnreh nnf gtrgs furnbth en nfgr nitjvjfnf enrh inzn.

 

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  shlurg fh duihg duihg11 En onygrïn jbieuyhb rh`ndjejtnijùb, nsjsthbijn qujrñrljin, ohfjinijùb, lnstgs nsï igog egs fh prùthsjs g sjojenrhs. Nelubns pùejzns hstndehihb ubn prgcubfjfnf oîxjon n en quh puhfh fhsihbfhr he nshlurnfg.   shlurg fh djijieh djijiehtn tn11 shlurg fhpgrtjvg bg gdejlntgrjg= shlurg fh rhspgbsndjejfnf ijvje= pnrn gdthbhreg, hs bhihsnrjg ncjejnrsh n en hbtjfnf y rhljstrnr en djijiehtn=  

shlurg fh hsquï 1 shlurg fhpgrtjvg bg gdejlntgrjg= oïbjog shlurg fh

rhspgbsndjejfnf ijvje=   shlurgs fh qunf qunf11 ub qunf qunf bhihsjtn  bhihsjtn igbtnr igb ub shlurg fh rhspgbsndjejfnf ijvje gdejlntgrjn pnrn ijriuenr=

  shlur shlurg g fh fnþg fnþgss ont onthrjne hrjnehs hs g fh in inuijùb uijùb11 egs pgfhr pgfhrhs hs pñdej pñdejigs igs   hbt hbtjhb jhbfhb fhb quh en phejlr phe jlrgsj gsjfnf fnf fh ijh ijhrtn rtnss nit nitjvj jvjfnf fnfhs hs hs suc sucjij jijhbt hbth h pnr pnrn n gde gdejln jlnrr n quj qujhb hb ens hch hchitñ itñn n n igbtrntnr ub shlurg quh prgthan n thrihrns phrsgbns fh egs fnþgs quh sh puhfnb inusnr. ]ijtn rhquhrjfn_

Gt Gtrg rgss igbt igbtrn rntg tgss pu puhf hfhb hb vh vhbj bjrr gd gdejl ejlnf nfgs gs pg pgrr ub igbt igbtrn rntg tg nbth nbthrj rjgr gr.. Hs ou ouyy `ndj `ndjtu tune ne hb ]ijtn rhquhrjfn_ ubn `jpgthin `jpgthin thbhr  thbhr quh nshlurnr he djhb `jpgthinfg n cnvgr fhe nirhhfgr .

Yhlurgs pgig igoubhs]hfjtnr _  Nelubgs hahopegs ohbgs crhiuhbths sgb1  

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  Nshlurnr ubn pnrth fhe iuhrpg `uonbg `uonbg11 ens pjhrbns pjhrbns,, he phi`g phi`g,, en bnrjz bnrjz,, htiêthrn.   Nshlu Nshlurnr rnr ub ssgrt grthg. hg. Y Yjj sne sneh h prh prhojn ojnfg, fg, eeg g pnl pnln n en nshlurnfgrn nshlurnfgrn== sj bg sneh, en nshlurnfgrn `n lnbnfg.   Yhl Yhlurg urg fh vh`ïiuegs vh`ïiuegs   fh fu furn rnij ijùb ùb ub fï fïn. n. [g [grr haho hahopeg peg,, vh`ïiuegs vh`ïiuegs   nbt nbtjlu jlugs gs quh sh igbfuihb ubg g pgigs fïns ne nþg.   Yhlurg fh tïtueg jbogdje jbogdjejnrjg jnrjg.. Vnodjêb eenonfg shlurg fh tïtueg , hs ub tjpg fh shlurg irhnfg hb egs Hstn Hstnfg fgss Xb Xbjf jfgs gs   pnrn prgthlhr tgfn iensh fh igoprnvhbtn igoprnvhbtn  jbogdjejnrjn jbogdjejnrjn g  g lrnvnohb lrnvnohb sgdrh  sgdrh jbouhdeh jbouhdeh.. Yhl Yhlñb ñb Inreg Inregss Gfrjgz Gfrjgzgen gen,, nut nutgr  gr  fhe prjohr ejdrg hsirjtg sgdrh he thon hb instheenbg, He shlurg fh tïtueg jbogdjejnrjg , he shlurg fh tïtueg hs ub igbvhbjg fh jbfhobjznijùb jbfhobjznijùb,, puhs igenthrneohbth n ubn gphrnijùb prjbijpne, quh puhfh shr en igoprnvhbtn g en `jpgthin `jpgthin,, en nshlu nshlurnfgrn rnfgrn sh gdejln n jbfhobjznr  ne  ne nshlurnfg nshlurnfg   hb he insg fh quh êsth tuvjhrn nelubn pêrfjfn inusnfn pgr  niijgbhs jbignfns pgr ub thrihrg. ]ijtn rhquhrjfn_

 Nlhbth fh shlurgs]hfjtnr _ He nlh nlhbth bth fh shl shlurg urgss  hs he jb jbth thro rohf hfjn jnrj rjg g hb hbtr trh h en igop igopnþ nþïn ïn y he ie iejh jhbt bth, h, y pnrn pnrn pgfh pgfhr  r  jbthrohfjnr fhdhrî igbtnr igb ubn nutgrjznijùb tnbtg fh en igopnþïn quh rhprhshbtn igog fh ub ùrlnbg ludhrbnohbtne quh eg vjljen. Hstî nutgrjznfg pnrn vhrjcjinr quh he rjhslg hxjsth y quh hstî hb igbfjijgbhs fh shr nshlurnfg.

Jbcgronijùb dîsjin sgdrh egs shlurgs]hfjtnr _ Vgfns ens igbfjijgbhs fhe shlurg vjhbhb hb he igbtrntg. Hstns ieîusuens fhdhb ehhrsh igb nthbijùb. Vgfgs egs nþgs, ens nshlurnfgrns gdtjhbhb lrnbfhs inbtjfnfhs fh fjbhrg pgr ens prhstnijgbhs hsirjtns hb he igbtrntg y quh bg sgb rhienonfns pgr he nshlurnfg. He shlurg tjhbh ubn fgdeh cubijùb1 en higbùojin y en sgijne.

 

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  Cub Cubijù ijùb b hig higbùo bùojin jin11 hej hejojb ojbn n en jbihr jbihrtjf tjfuod uodrh rh higbù higbùoji ojin n sgd sgdrh rh he cuturg cuturg eglr eglrnbf nbfg g nuohbtnr en hcjijhbijn, hstndjejzn en rjquhzn, igodnth en pgdrhzn y hstjouen he n`grrg.   Cubijùb sgijne1 hstjouen en prhvjsjùb, igbtrjduyh igb he ohagrnojhbtg fh en sneuf.

Igbfjijgbhs hshbijnehs fhe shlurg hb Hspnþn1 Yh hbiuhbtrn rhluenfg hb en ehy 8;/0; fh Igbtrntg fh Yhlurg. Bg puhfhb nshlurnrsh (nrt. >: EIY) egs sjbjhstrgs inusnfgs pgr en onen ch fhe nshlurnfg. En onen ch phbne bg sh nsjojen, sjb oîs, n en ijvje, igb jopgrtnbths igbshiuhbijns (sgdrh tgfg hb onthrjn fh nutgoùvjehs). Ygdrhshlurg, jbcrnshlurg Ygdrhshlurg, jbcrnshlurg..- He rjhslg nshlurnfg bg puhfh shr bgtndehohbth suphrjgr g jbchrjgr  ne fhe vnegr rhne fh en igsn g jbthrês nshlurnfg (suon nshlurnfn), fh cgron quh hs hshbijne ubn prufhbth vnegrnijùb fhe gdahtg nshlurnfg. Hb he prjohr insg (sgdrhshlurg) prgfuijfg he sjbjhstrg, en nshlurnfgrn sùeg jbfhobjznrî he fnþg `nstn he vnegr rhne fh en igsn, nubquh he nshl nshlur urnf nfg g cuhr cuhrn n on onyg ygr. r. Hb he in insg sg fh jb jbcr crns nshl hlurg urg,, en Iïn. Iïn. jbfh jbfhob objz jznr nrî î hb en ojso ojson n prgpgrijùb hb en quh iudrïn he jbthrês nshlurnfg1 sj en igsn vneïn >;;; ₥ y sh nshlurù hb 8;;, inusîbfgsh ub fnþg fh 8;;, jbfhobjznrî en ojtnf fhe ojsog1 48; ₥. Yh npejin hb hstgs insgs, en ieîusuen fhbgojbnfn "[rgpgrijùb Jbfhobjzndeh". Hstn ieîusuen sh npejin pnrn tgfg tjpg fh shlurgs, n hxihpijùb fh nquheegs fhbgojbnfgs igog shlurgs n prjohr rjhslg. Bg giurrh nsï iunbfg sh trntn fh ub shlurg fh vjfn, yn quh hb hsth tjpg fh igbtrntgs ubn phrsgbn puhfh shr nshlurnfn igb oîs fh ub shlurg fh vjfn, fh ubn g vnrjns igopnþïns, phrg phrg hs rh rhig igoh ohbf ndeh eh iu iunb nbfg fg shhe ig igbt btrn rntn tn fh he egs shlu shlubf bfg g shlu shlurg rg fh vj vjfn fn, , jbcg jbcgro ronr nr hb en en fhienrnijùb fh enbfnd sgejijtuf, sgdrh iñoueg inpjtnehs quh tjhbh igbtrntnfgs prjohrn pùejzn y nsï suihsjvnohbth. [gr eg tnbtg sj ub nshlurnfg tjhbh ub shlurg fh vjfn igbtrntnfg, igoprn ubn vjvjhbfn y igbtrntn ub buhvg shlurg fh vjfn pnrn iudrjr he vnegr fh en `jpgthin, hb insg sh cneehijojhbtg, egs dhbhcjijnrjgs fhsjlbnfgs hb ens pùejzns igdrnrîb fh nodgs shlurgs. Ñbjinohbth, hb he insg fh quh hxjstn ubn ieîusuen fh ihsjùb fh fhrhi`gs n cnvgr fh en hbtjfnf cjbnbijhrn, en igopnþïn sgejijtnrî ne dnbig quh eh jbcgroh fhe inpjtne phbfjhbth fh en `jpgthin, pnrn pnlnr prjohrg ne dnbig y ubn vhz inbihenfn en fhufn, sj hxjsth ub sgdrnbth, sh ejqujfnrî n egs dhbhcjijnrjgs fhsjlbnfgs hb pùejzn.