Contaminacion Del Rio Torococha en Juliaca

G.U.E. “José Antonio Encinas

CONTAMINACION CONTAMINACION DEL RIO TOROCOCHA EN JULIACA (PERÚ) Y SU IMPACTO EN LA SALUD PÚBLICA 1.

Introducción

2.

Historia

3.

Descripción del problema

4.

Comportamiento a nivel nacional

5.

Comportamiento a nivel del Departamento

6.

Comportamiento de la problemática a nivel del ámbito de estudio

7.

Identificación de los focos contaminantes

8.

Identificación de causas- consecuencia- locales en la salud pública

.

Conclusiones

1!.

Anexos

11.

Bibliografía

Introducción  L" #$%&"'%"#% #$%&"'%"#% *%  *% *+ ,*-"&"'*%&$ ,* P/%$ *0 %$&"+* *+ #/"+ 0* *"+" ,* ,*0"0 $'"0 -"&#/+"'*%&* *% +" #/,", ,* J/+"#" +" #$%&"'%"#% *0&*%&* *% +"0 $++"0 ,*+ R$ T$$#$#" +" #/"+ *% 0/0 %#$0 *" /% $ ++*%$ ,* ,"  %$ #$'$ $ *% ,9" /% $ '/*&$ *+ #/"+ 0* " /*+&$ /% :"% -$+*'" 0$#"+ " ;/* :*%*" '"+*0&"*0 " +" -$+"#% -$+"#% ,#"'*%&* :*%*"%,$ "09 /%" 0** ,* %#*&,/'* *% +"0 -*0$%" -*0$%"..  E0&* -$+*'" 0* ""0&" "#* '/#$0 "=$0 *+ $0 #$%$#,$ #$'$ "ío #orococ!a ).). E% *+ ,$'" ;/*#" &$$ &$$ *0  *0 "$ ,* &*" $ +$,$ -$ +$ ;/* *+ &'%$ &$$#$#" 0/*%" #$'$ **%&"%,$ %$ #$'$ 0* /*" *+ &'%$ &$$#$#" (&$$#$#" ,*" ,*+ &$$ ;/* *0 *+ '"#$ ,*+ :"%",$ $%$) -$ +$ ;/* %$ *0 R9$ ,* T$$#$#" 0%$ *0 *+ R9$ ,* T$$#$#". E0&* 9$ ,*0*'$#" *% *+ R9$ C$"&"  0&* +&'$ "+/* *% *+ L":$ T&#"#".

Descripción del problema  E0&* 9$ "&"*0" -$ *+ %&*'*,$ ,* +" #/,", ,* J/+"#". E0&" #/,", #/*%&" #$% 26! '+ 6!7 "&"%&*0 (INEI 2!13). L"0 /*%&*0 ,* #$%&"'%"#% ,*+ R9$ ,* T$$#$#" 0$%? @ +"0 ":/"0 0*,"0 ,* +"0 *%,"0 ;/* +" :*%&* " #$%0&/,$ *% +"0 *"0 ,*+ **,$ 9$ -$;/* '/#"0 "+#"%&"++"0 *0&>% #$%*#&","0 "+ R9$ ,* T$$#$#" ("/%;/* %$ &$,"0 +"0 #"0"0 &*%*% #$%*#&","0 0/0 ,*0":*0 " *0* 9$). @ A%&*$'*%&* 0* *"#/""% -$ +"0 "+#"%&"++"0 *0,/$0 ,* ,0-$0#% %"+ ,*+ #"'"+ '/%#-"+ (B"$" 0"%:* 0"%:*    $&$0 ,*+ :"%",$ "#/%$) @ R*0,/$0 0+,$0 ($+0"0 ,* -+>0&#$ -+>0&#$ $&*++"0 ,*0#"&"+*0 "0/" "0/" #$'%  #$'%  "0&" *% $#"0$%*0 "%'"+*0 "%'"+*0 '/*&$0  '/*&$0 *&#.) ;/* #$%&"'%"% +$0 -$+",$*0 ;/* %$ #/*%&" #$% *+ 0*#$ ,* "#$-$ ,* +$0 *0,/$0 0+,$0 $:>%#$0 * %$:>%#$0 ,* -"&* ,* +" '/%#-"+,",. E+ R9$ ,* T$$#$#" 0* " #$%*&,$ *% /%" /*%&* ,* #$%&"'%"#$% $+:#"  0/"+ ,* +" -$+"#$% ;/* * *% +"0 $++"0 ,*+ R9$ +" &"0#*%,*%#" ,* *0&* "+#"%" " 0*#&$*0 ,* +"0 #$'/%,",*0 #"'-*0%"0 ,* C"%# C#$ C"%# "%,*  S/#0 ,*+ ,0&&$ ,* C""#$&$  " '/#" :*%&* ,* +"0 #$'/%,",*0 #"'-*0%"0 ,* +" % "0*%&","0 *% +"0 *"0 ,*+ R9$ C$"&" ;/* *0 /%$ ,* +$0 &/&"$0 ,*+ L":$ T&#"#". S*:% *-$&*0  ,*+ ,"$ C$*$ ,*+ /+&'$ 26 ,* J/+$ -$1+",$*0 ,*+ C.P. C""&" ,*+ , *+ ,0&&$ ,* C$"&"7 *"+""% /%" '$3+"#% *% #$%&" ,* SEDA@J/+"#" -$ "1* #$%&"'%",$ +"0 ":/"0 ,*+ $ T$$#$#" ,/"%&* +$0 +&'$0 #/"&$ "=$0. E0&$ ,* "#/*,$ "+ +&'$ %4$'*  +&'$ %4$'* *'&,$ *'&,$ -$ +" A/&$,",  A/&$,", N"#$%"+ N"#$%"+ ,*+ A:/"  ,*+ A:/"  (ANA)7+"0  (ANA)7+"0 ":/"0 ,* *0&* $ %$ 0$% "-&"0 -"" #$%0/'$  -"" #$%0/'$ /'"%$  /'"%$ 

Comportamiento a nivel nacional  E+ 5!F ,* +$0 9$0 *% *+ P* *0&>% #$%&"'%",$0 0*:% *+ %$'* &&/+",$?  E+ ":/" ":/" "%&* %/*$0 ,*0"9$0? "#&$*0 * %#"&"0 *% E#/",$ E#/",$ P*  B$+" B$+"  "$%&"% :"*0 -$+*'"0 -$+*'"0 ,*0#$%&"'%"#%  ,*0#$%&"'%"#%  *0#"0* *0#"0*.. E+ *-$&* 0*="+" ;/* +$0 -%#-"+*0 ":*%&*0 &#$0 ;/* #$%&"'%"% +$0 9$0 0$% *+ -+$'$ "0%#$ #"%/$ '*#/$ '*#/$ "#*&*0  :"0"0 :"0"0 ,*  ,* ,$#"/$0 ,$#"/$0  #$+$'*0 *#"+*0 ;/* 0* "$*"0 '>0 #$%&"'%","0 *% *+ &*&$$ $+"%$ 0$% +" "9" C$"%" *+ 9$ P"++%" *+ 9$ S*#$  *+ 9$ "&".M*%&"0 *% *+ +",$ -*/"%$ "=", +"0 -"&*0 '>0 "*#&","0 0$% +" "9" %*$ ,* , * P/%$ *+ 9$ T$$#$#"  *+ #/0$ %*$ ,*+ 9$ C$"&".

Comportamiento a nivel del Departamento  E% $&$0 0*#&$*0 ,*+ ,*-"&"'*%&$ +" #$%&"'%"#% *0 " :"% *0#"+" #$% *0,/$0 0+,$0  ":/"0 0*,"0 *0 -$ *0$ ;/* ,* '/%#-"+,",*0 ,* +" *:% P/%$ *%*%&"% ,*%/%#"0 -$ #$%&"'%"#% ,* +$0 9$0  ,*+ -$-$ +":$ T&#"#" *%&* +$ ;/* :/"% P/%$ S"% R$'>% S"%," A>%:"$ H/"%#"% A" ,0&&$ ,* A#$" *%&* $&$0. L" :*%*"#% -* #>-&" ,* *0,/$0 0+,$0 *% +" *:% P/%$ *0 ,* !54! :K"K,9"36 +$ ;/* "#* /% *0&'",$ ,* 68743 TMK,9"  25! 11 !6 TMK"=$ *% +" #/*%#" ,*+ L":$ T&#"#". S$*-"0"%,$ +" #"-"#,", ,* *#$+*##%  *#$+*##% ,* ,*0*#$0 0+,$0 -$ -"&* ,* +$0 *%#":",$0 ,* 0"%*"'*%&$ "'*%&"+ 0*%,$ '>0 ,*+ 5!F >*" /"%". C$%++*"%,$ " /% '"%*%:"$ R"'0 L" #$%&"'%"#% -$*%*%&* ,* +" "0/"  +" #$%&"'%"#% '%*" :*%*"% +" #$%&"'%"#% ,* 9$0 &"'% +" ,*0"-"#% ,* *0-*#*0 ,* +$"  "/%" "/%" +$ ;/* '$&" :"% -*$#/-"#%. L$0 -%#-"+*0 "*#&",$0 0$% +"0 -*0$%"0 ;/* *% "+ '":*% ,* *0&$0 9$0 *% *+ #"0$ '%*$ #"* '*%#$%" ;/* *% +" *:% ,* P/%$ ""0 *'-*0"0 '%*"0 "% "&*%&",$ +":"%&*'*%&* +":"%&*'*%&* #$%&" +" %"&/"+*" %"&/"+*" "+:/%$0 *0 #$%&"'%",$0 ,* +" R*:% ,*,$ "? 1.@A:/" 1.@A:/" P$&"+* *&'*%&$ ,* A:/"0 *0,/"+*0 ,$'0&#"0 ,* +$0 ,0&&$0 ,* P""&9" P"+#" +" +" L"'-" C""%++"0 C""%++" J/+"#". 2.@*&'*%&$ ,* ":/"0 *0,/"+*0 *0/+&",$ ,*+ +"",$ ,* +&$0 ,* +" P+"%&" ,* T"&"'*%&$ ,* ":/" P$&"+*. 3.@*&'*%&$ ,* ":/"0 -$,/#&$ ,* +" L":/%" ,* $,"#% ,* J/+"#". 4.@*&'*%&$ ,* ":/"0 -$,/#&$ ,*+ +"",$ %$'"+ ,* #"$0. 5.@*&'*%&$ ,* ":/"0 0% &"&"'*%&$ ,*+" L":/%" ,* $,"#% ,* J/+"#" 3.@.*&'*%&$ ,* ":/"0 ,* +" U%,", M%*" *+ C$*  CIEMSA. R*0*$$ ,* M%" P"+#" P"0$ M%*$ C". Q/++"&" S.A T$,$0 +$0 *&'*%&$0 "+ T$$#$#" -"0"% ,*#&"'*%&* "+ $ C$"&".

3

G.U.E. “José Antonio Encinas

Comportamiento de la problemática a nivel del ámbito de estudio  E+ 9$ T$$#$#" *0 /%$ ,* +$0 -%#-"+*0 #"%"+*0 ,$%,* ,*0*'$#"% +"0 ":/"0 0*,"0 :*%*","0 -$ +" -$+"#% ,* J/+"#" #$%&%,$0* *% /% :"* -$+*'" "'*%&"+ -"" +$0 -$+",$*0 ,* *0" +$#"+,",. *%&* " *++$ +" %#" "+&*%"&" *0 *+ &*#",$ ,* -$ +$ '*%$0 /%$0 74! '*&$0 ,*+ #"%"+ (,*0,* +" C#/%"+"#% "0&" *+ % "#/0$ "+ $*%$ $*%$ *:$%"+  *:$%"+ ,* %#/'-+ #$% *+ &*#",$ ,*+ "%&:/$ 9$ '*%#$%"%,$ ;/* A %$0$&$0 0+$ %$0 #$'-*&* +" +'-*" ,* +"0 *"0  *"0  *0$ +$ *0&"'$0 "#*%,$ #"," ,$0 '*0*0 *% +" +&'" $-$&/%,", 0"#"'$0 '>0 ,* 24 &$%*+","0 ,* "0/" " +$ #/"+ *+ :**%&* :**%&* :*%*"+  :*%*"+ ,* +" *%&,", *:$%"+ *#$, ;/* *+ -$*#&$ ,* *"#/"#% ,* ":/"0 -+/"+*0 ,* J/+"#" ,$%,* 0* #$%&*'-+" *+ &*#",$ ,* T$$#$#" /* ,*0"$++",$ -$ 0/ *-*0*%&"," *% *+ 2!!7  "%&*0 ,* 0* *0 ,* !!! '3"+ ,9") ;/* ,* -$ 09 " 0/* -$#*0$0 -$#*0$0 ,*  ,* ,*&*$$ -$ '$&$0 0'+"*0 " +$0 " '*%#$%",$0? "$0 *+ *&,$ ,* +"0 ":/"0 &"&","0 ,* +"0 L":/%"0 ,* O,"#% " +" "+&/" ,*+ 0*#&$ #$%$#,$ #$'$ C++" ;/* %$ #/*%&"% #$% /% #$%&$+ #$%&$+ ,*  ,* #"+,", #"+,", %"+  %"+ ,* ":/"0  ;/* %$ &*%*% +" #"-"#,", 0/#*%&* -"" &"&" *+ $+/'*% $+/'*% ,*  ,* ":/"0 0*,"0 -$,/#,"0 -$ +"0 "#&,",*0 /"%"0. A0'0'$ #$%&/* " *0&* #*#*%&* ,*&*$$ +" #$%&"'%"#% ,* +"0 %"-"0 *>&#"0 -$,/#&$ ,* 0+$0 ,* ,/,$0" #"+,", C$%0&/#&" ;/* *&*% 0/0 ":/"0 " *0&$0 #"/,"+*0 -"" +/*:$ 0* #$%0/',"0 -$ /% :"% %'*$ ,* +" -$+"#% ,* J/+"#" -$ '*,$ ,* -$$0 "%&* +" %&*'&*%#" ,*+ 0*#$ ,* ":/" -$&"+*. E0&* *0 $&$ :"* -*+:$ 0"%&"$ -"" +$0 "&"%&*0 ,* +" #/,",  ;/* '**#* %'*,"&" "&*%#% -$ -"&* ,* +"0 "/&$,",*0 #$*0-$%,*%&*0. @E+ -$+*'" ,* +$0 R*0,/$0 S+,$0? L" *#$+*##%  ,0-$0#% %"+ ,* *0,/$0 0+,$0 *0 /% *,",*$ -$+*'" /"%$  "'*%&"+ #$%&/*%,$ " *++$ +$0 -"&$%*0 ,* #$'-$&"'*%&$ ,* +" -$+"#% ;/* "$0 ,+ ,* +" :*0&% ,* *0,/$0 0+,$0 *% J/+"#". S*:% +$0 ,"&$0 -$-$#$%",$0 -$ +" M/%#-"+,", P$%#"+ *0&* /% *++*%$ 0"%&"$ -'"$ +$#"+",$ *% +" C"*&*" "#" L"'-" "  ' ,* +" #/,", (+$ *#$'*%,"+* *0 25 ' ,* ,0&"%#") @E+ ,*%"#"0 -*0*%&" /%" 0/-*#* -+"%" " ;/* 0/0 -*%,*%&*0 0$% '9%'"0 ;/* *% -$'*,$ 0$% ,* S  !.!!!4 (/*%&* ALT) :*%*"% *% *+ -*9$,$ ,* ++/"0 :"%,*0 %/%,"#$%*0 *% ,**%&*0 0*#&$*0 ,* +" #/,", +$ #/"+ "#* ,9#+ *% ,*%"%. C$%0*#/*%#"0? @C$%&"'%"#% ,*+ $ T$$#$#" 0* &",/#*% *%? E*#&$0 90#$0? #$'$ '"+ $+$ #"'$ #"'$ ,*  ,* #$+$ #$+$ *%&/"'*%&$ *'*%&"#% *'*%&"#% #"'$ ,* &*'-*"&/" &*'-*"&/".... E*#&$0 ;/9'#$0? #$'$ +" ,0'%/#% ,* +" #$%#*%&"#% %*#*0"" ,* $9:*%$ $9:*%$ -""  -"" +" ," "#/>&#". E*#&$0 $+:#$0? #$'$ +" '/*&* ,* '/*&* ,* -+"%&"0 -+"%&"0    "%'"+*0 "09 "09 #$'$ +" -$,/##% ,* *%*'*,",*0 *%*'*,",*0 *%  *% *+ $'*. $'*. C$%&"'%"%&*0 ,*+ ":/" A:*%&*0 -"&:*%$0.@ B"#&*"0 B"#&*"0 /0 /0 -$&$$"$0 -">0&$0 ;/* *%&"% " +"0 ":/"0 -$*%*%&*0 ,* ,*0*#$0 $:>%#$0. D*0*#$0 ;/* *;/**% $9:*%$.@ L$0 ,*0*#$0 $:>%#$0 -/*,*% 0* ,*0#$'-/*0&$0 -$ "#&*"0 ;/* /0"% $9:*%$ -"" $,*:","+$0. S " -$+"#$%*0 :"%,*0 ,* *0&"0 "#&*"0 -/*,*% ":$&" *+ $9:*%$ ,*+ ":/" '"&"%,$ "09 +"0 $'"0 ,* ," "#/>&#"0. S/0&"%#"0 ;/9'#"0 %$:>%#"0.@ #,$0 #,$0 #$'-/*0&$0 ,* '*&"+*0 &#$0 (M*#/$ P+$'$) *%*%*%"% *+ ":/". 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Cuadro 12' ID*$I3ICACI4$ D* +"I$CI+A*0 A.*$*0 C($A)I$A$*0' A.*$*0 I+( D* C($A)I$A C($A)I$ACI4$ CI4$ CA$I CA$IDAD DAD C($A)I$ADA C($A)I$ADA C($A)I$A$*0 M$",$*0 ,*+ "$ 0"% C$% "0/" ($:>%#" * 25F S"%&":$ %$:>%#") *#*0 *&# C$% "0/" ($:>%#" * %$:>%#") *++$0 &"*% ,*0,* *#%$0 ,* ,**%&*0 "$0 4!F 0/0 $:"*0 0/ "0/" -"" *#"+$ *+ $ T$$#$#" P%#-"+'*%&* #$% "0/" C/,","%9" *% :*%*"+ 5F %$:>%#" C$% ;/9'#$0 ,*0*#$0 "#"0 13F %$:>%#$0 * $:>%#$0 M%*9" R*+"*0 '%*$0 12F A%'"+*0 H*#*0 5F TOTAL 1!!F E% *+ #/",$ !2 0* $0*" ;/* +" '"$ #$%&"'%"#% "+ $ *% /% 4!F *0 -$ +" "0/" $:>%#" * %$:>%#" ;/* +$0 ,**%&*0 "$0 +$0 ,*-$0&"% "9 *%&* " /% 25F ,* +$0 '$",$*0 ,*+ '0'$ "$. E0&$0 ,"&$0 ,0&"% '/ -$#$ *%&* " +" "#&/"+,", -$ *+ *#$ ,* ;/* " -*0" ,* "*0* */#",$ *+ #"'"+ '/%#-"+ " /% *0&*% -$ +"0 %'*,"#$%*0 "$0 '"&",*$0 #+"%,*0&%$0 ;/* 0$% ,9#+*0 ,* #$%&$+" +$0 #/"+*0 *&*% 0/0 ,*0*#$0 " +$0 &$*%&*0 ,*+ $ " &"0 ,* #$%*$%*0 #+"%,*0&%"0 ,* "+#"%&"++",$. 2.7.1 RESULTADOS DE CAMPO DE LAS MEDICIONES EECTUADAS EN LA CUENCA DEL RIO COATA EECTUADAS POR EL PELT? E% *+ "=$ 2!!3 0* #*$% '$%&$*$0 *% +" #/*%#" ,*+ $ C$"&" " #":$ ,*+ PELT *% +$0 #/"+*0 0* **#&/"$% '*,#$%*0 ,* #"'-$ ,* '/*0&"0 ,*+ $ *% #/"%&$ "+ "0-*#&$ 90#$ ;/9'#$ "#&*$+:#$ ++*:>%,$0* " +$0 0:/*%&*0 *0/+&",$0. C,AD"( 15' "*0,AD(0 D* CA)+( D* A0 )*DICI($*0 *3*C,ADA0 *$ A C,*$CA D* "I( C(AA 6 2115

/*%&*? PELT.@ 2!!3 E% *+ #/",$ !3 0* "-*#" /%" #$%0,*"+* ,**%#" *% #/"%&$ " &/,* ,*+ $ T$$#$#"  C$"&" (*0&* +&'$ *% *+ #/"+ ,*0*'$#" *+ -'*$) #$% 88NTU ,* &/,* #$% *0-*#&$ " +$0 $&$0 9$0 *% '*%#%.U%,",*0 N**+$'&#"0 ,* &/,* $ N*-*+$'*&# T/1,&8 U%&  (NTU)  (NTU) S*:% +" OMS (O:"%"#% M/%,"+ -"" +" S"+/,) +" &/,* ,*+ ":/" -"" #$%0/'$ /'"%$ %$ ,** 0/-*" *% %%:% #"0$ +"0 5 $,  *0&"> ,*"+'*%&* -$ ,*" 0/ #"+,", 6

G.U.E. “José Antonio Encinas

C,AD"( 17' "*0,AD(0 D* AB("A("I( AB("A("I( D*  D* A0 )*DICI($*0 *3*C,ADA0 *$ A C,*$CA D* "I( C(AA 6 2115

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G.U.E. “José Antonio Encinas

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G.U.E. “José Antonio Encinas

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