Construção Dos Instrumentos

Forma artesanal de construir instrumentos meteorol\u00f3gicos Esta sugest\u00e3o dever\u00e1 ser realizada, se poss\u00edvel, ao l ano lectivo

Com material de f\u00e1cil acesso e n\u00e3o dispendioso, \u00e9 poss\u construir instrumentos para medir a humidade relativa do ar, a temperatura do ar seco, a press\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica, a precipita\u0 velocidade do vento e a evapora\u00e7\u00e3o. N\u00e3o te sintas muito mal se as tuas previs\u00f5es nem sempre correctas. Os meteorologistas nem sempre t\u00eam raz\u00e3o \u2013 mesmo com de sat\u00e9lites meteorol\u00f3gicos, radares, instrumentos de laborat computadores super r\u00e1pidos, para os ajudar nas suas observa\u00e Para registar as observa\u00e7\u00f5es feitas podes fazer uma tabela da seguinte forma, OBSERVA\u00c7\u00d5ES

Data

Temperatura do Humidade Press\u00e3o Velocidade do Precipita\u00e7\u00e3o Evapora\u00e7\u00e3o term\u00f3metro relativa do ar atmosf\u00e9ricavento seco

onde ir\u00e1s registar todas as tuas leituras. Precisas ent\u00e3o de construir os seguintes aparelhos: higr\u00f3metro de pacote de leite pluvi\u00f3metro ou ud\u00f3metro bar\u00f3metro anem\u00f3metro \u2013 de ta\u00e7as tina de evapora\u00e7\u00e3o

M\u00e1rio Talaia \u2013 CIN I

1

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Higr\u00f3metro de pacote de leite Com este aparelho podes avaliar a humidade relativa do ar que \u00e dada em percentagem.

Como deves fazer: Come\u00e7a por colocares um pouco de \u00e1gua no pacote de leite

molhado enquanto que o outro \u00e9 chamado de term\u00f3metro seco as indica\u00e7\u00f5es do term\u00f3metro seco e do molhado e na tua t

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A diferen\u00e7a entre a temperatura do term\u00f3metro seco e a

Humidade relativa do ar (%) em fun\u00e7\u00e3o da temperatura do ar (\u00baC) e da depress\u00e3o da temperatura term\u00f3metro molhado (\u00baC) 0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

4.2

4.4

4.6

4.8

5.0

Exemplo: para uma temperatura seca de 14\u00baC e uma diferen\u00e7

O que acontece e porqu\u00ea: Geralmente a temperatura do term\u00f3metro molhado \u00e9 inferior

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decresce, o que implica que o termómetro molhado indique uma

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Pluviómetro ou udómetro Com este aparelho medes a precipitação ou pluviosidade, expressa em milímetros.

Como deves fazer: Para obteres o teu pluviómetro apenas precisas de colocar o funil

Figura – Pluviómetro.

Coloca o teu pluviómetro num lugar plano ao ar livre. Cada vez

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Em dias de chuva, irás encontrar uma determinada quantidade de

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Barómetro – de garrafa Com este aparelho podes medir a pressão atmosférica.

Como deves fazer: Com a ajuda de um barómetro “real”, vais fazer a escala do

Figura – Barómetro de garrafa

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tendo em conta que um aumento da pressão atmosférica faz subir a água e uma diminuição a faz descer.

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Anemómetro – de taças Com este aparelho é possível medir a velocidade do vento em quilómetros por hora (km/h ou m/s).

Como deves fazer: Começa por cortar duas tiras de papelão, aproximadamente com 5

Liga a cruz à base colocando-a na ponta da agulha. Sopra nas

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Figura – Anemómetro de taça

Quanto mais voltas por minuto der, maior será a velocidade do

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Tina de evaporação Este aparelho permite medir a evaporação que é expressa em milímetros (mm).

Como deves fazer: A bacia deve ter uma secção recta constante. Coloca a régua no

Para poderes medir a evaporação precisas de relacionar a tina com

Para calculares a evaporação tens que ter em conta a seguinte relação Evaporação= 1T+ P− 2T sendo T1 a altura da água que registaste no dia anterior,

P

a

leitura do pluviómetro Te2 a altura da água que acabas de

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Higrómetro de “cabelo” Com este aparelho podes avaliar a humidade relativa do ar que é dada em percentagem.

agora muita imaginação

Nota: quanto maior for o comprimento da “crina” melhores resultados são obtidos.