Connective Tissue

CONNECTIVE TISSUE BY : NUR HAZIZI B AMIR HAMZAH MUHD IZZAT ASYRAF B AB AZIZ

INTRODUCTION • The tissues and organ in an animal’s body must be supported and held in position. • Function:  – binds organs and tissue together.  – It must be strong.

• have a sparse population of cells scattered through an extracellular matrix.

• The matrix generally consists of a web of  fibers embedded in a uniform foundation that may be:  – liquid  – Jellylike  – solid.

• Connective tissue fibers, which are made of protein, are of three kinds:  – collagenous fibers  – elastics fibers  – reticular fiber 

Collagenous Fibers • Are made of collagen, probably the most abundant protein in the animal kingdom. • Collagenous fiber are nonelastic and do not tear easily when pulled lengthwise. • E.g:  – If you pinch and pull some skin on your back of your hand, it is mainly collagen that keeps the flesh from tearing away from the bone.

Elastics Fibers • Are long threads made of protein called elastin. • Elastic fiber provides a rubbery quality that complements the nonelastic strength of  collagenous fiber. • E.g:  – When you release the skin on the back of  your hand, elastic fiber quickly restores the skin to original shape.

Reticular Fiber • Are very thin and branched. • Composed of the collagen and continuous with collagenous fibers, the form a tightly woven fabric that joins connective tissue to adjacent tissues. • The major types in vertebrate are:  – loose connective tissue  – adipose tissue  – fibrous connective tissue  – cartilage, bone and blood.

• Among the cells scattered in loose connective tissue, two types predominate: fibroblasts and microphages. Fibroblasts secrete the protein ingredients of the extracellular fibers. Microphages are amoeboid cells that roam the maze of  fibers, engulfing foreign particle and the debris of that cell by phagocytosis.

• 3 types of connective tissues: Collagen Elastic

tissue (white fibrous tissue)

tissue (yellow elastic tissue)

Adipose

tissue (fatty tissue)

Collagen Tissue (White Fibrous  Tissue) • Consist of glycoprotein matrix containing nothing but densely-packed collagen. • Comparatively inelastic and great tensile strength • E.g:  – tendon = muscles attached to bones .

Elastic Tissue (Yellow Elastic  Tissue) • Composed of a glycoprotein matrix containing only elastic fibres. • E.g:  – Ligament = bind bones together.

Adipose Tissue (Fatty  Tissue) • The matrix contain nothing but closely packed fat-filled cells • Important for storage. • E.g:  – Skin adipose = Insulate the body from fr om heat