CONDUCTIMETRIA

INDICE PAG 1. Introducción… Introducción………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… …………………… …… 02 2. Objetivos……… Objetivos……………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… …………………………… …………………. ……. 03 3. Marco Teórico…………… eórico………………………… …………………………… ……………………………… ………………………… ………… 04 4. Eu ui! i!o os " #a #atter eria ia$e $ess……………………………………………………………. %. Proc oced edi# i#ie ient nto o e&! &!er eri# i#en enta ta$… $……… ………… ……… ……… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… ………… …… '. ()$ )$cu cu$o $oss " res esu$ u$ta tad dos… s…… ………………………………………………………… *. (onc$usiones…… (onc$usiones…………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… …………………………… ……………….. ….. 21 +. ,eco#endaciones……………………………………………………………….22 -. Ane& Ane&os………… os………………………… ……………………………… ……………………………… …………………………… ………………….. …….. 23 10.. ib 10 ib$i $io o/ra raa a… ……………………………………………………………………….. .... 11.. (ue 11 (uest stio iona narrio io… ……………………………………………………………………. …... ....

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IT,O((IO 5a deter#inación conducti#6trica es una t6cnica a#!$ia#ente diundida !ara $as deter#inaciones de contro$ de ca$idad. Estas deter#inaciones senci$$as7 econó#icas " tienen una serie de a!$icaciones. En !ri#er $u/ar est) e$ contro$ de $a ca$idad de$ a/ua7 "a sea !otab$e o de uso industria$7 se/uido !or $a dete de terr#i #ina naci ción ón de $a co cond nduc ucti tivi vida dad d de $a $ass so so$u $uci cion ones es en a! a!$i $ica caci cion ones es indu in dust stri ria$ a$es es ta ta$e $ess co co#o #o en $a $ass e$ e$ec ectr tró$ ó$is isis is88 "a u ue e e$ co cons nsu# u#o o de en ener er/ /a a e$6ctrica durante $a e$ectró$isis de!ende en /ran #edida de e$$a. Asi#is#o7 $as deter#inaciones conducti#6tricas se usan a#!$ia#ente en $os $aboratorios de an)$isis 8 !or eje#!$o7 !ara deter#inar e$ contenido de sa$ino de so$uciones dura du rant nte e $a ev eva! a!or orac ació ión n de a/ a/ua ua en ca ca$d $der eras as77 $a de dete terr#i #ina naci ción ón de $a $ass so$ubi$idades de e$ectró$itos " sus concentraciones7 " $as constantes de $os )cidos " bases. A$/unas deter#inaciones deter#inaciones son de$ ti!o indirecto7 ta$es co#o $a deter#inación de (O2 en a/ua e&!uesta a at#óseras car/adas de$ /as 91: 9 1: " $a deter#inación de ;O2 at#os6rico absorbido en so$uciones de !eró&ido de ca o resistividad 5as so$uciones e$ectro$ticas cu#!$en $a $e" de Onida co#o $a conductancia euiva$ente a di$ución in>nita " es e$ va$or de e&tra!o$ado a concertación cero.

∆

LEY DE KOHLRAUSCH 5a conductancia euiva$ente a di$ución in>nita de$ e$ectro$ito es $a su#a de dos t6r#inos inde!endientes7 uno caracterstico de$ catión " e$ otro de$ anión. As@

−¿ ¿ + ¿ + λo ¿ ∆ = λo 0

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5a $e" de onita7 de un e$ectro$ito d6bi$7 "a ue en este caso $a conductancia euiva$ente a di$ución in>nita no !uede deter#inar deter#inarse se !or e&tra!o$ación directa.

ECUACIÓN DE ONSAGER Par arti tiend endo o de $a te teor ora a de e e"be "be Hu Huc? c?e$7 e$7 ac acer erca ca de $a $ass so so$u $uci cion ones es e$e e$ect ctro ro$t $tic icas as77 Onsa On sa/e /err de dedu dujo jo un una a ec ecua uaci ción ón si si#i$ #i$ar ar a $a de o< ocación !osib$e. ue !roesor de sica en $a niversidad de !!sa$a 1++4B7 en e$ ,ea$ Instituto de  Tecno$o/a  Tecno$o/a de Estoco$#o 1+-1B7 rector de $a universidad de Estoco$#o " director de$ Instituto obe$ de >sicou#ica 1-0%B7 car/o este =$ti#o creado es!ecia$#ente !ara 6$. Gran