Compound Sentence

What is a simple sentence? A sentence that has one independent clause.

What is an independent clause?

A group of words that: (1) Makes a complete statement (2) Has a subject and a verb

Basic Elements of Every Sentence

SUBJECT

PREDICATE

Basic Elements SUBJECT

PREDICATE

Mary

plays tennis.

The subject of a sentence

•

The subject is the  –

Person

 –

Place

 –

Thing

 –

Quality or ideas

Nouns

Examples •

John went for a walk. (Person)

•

Towns are quiet after a snow fall. (Place)

•

Eggs roll on a counter. (Thing)

•

Silence is golden. (Quality)

•

Peace is at hand. (Idea)

Verb A verb is a word that shows the action or state-of-being of the subject of the sentence.

Examples: •Sally sneezed. (Physical action) • John thinks. (Mental action) •Jesse is my friend. (State of being)

Simple Sentence Observe how a simple sentence is constructed:

We went to San Juan yesterday.

Simple Sentence

Pronoun

Verb

Prepositional phrase

We went to San Juan .

Simple subject

Complete predicate

SIMPLE SENTENCE SUBJECT

PREDICATE

Mary

plays tennis.

one subject

one predicate

Simple Sentence

Tom and Mary

Compound Subject

&

play tennis.

Compound Subject A simple sentence may contain two or more subjects.

Example: Bill and Sue want to go to the movies.

Example 1.

Bill and Sue want to go to the movies.

2.

Jason and his friends work together.

3.

Are the car and truck parked outside?

4.

The park and sidewalks were covered with snow.

5.

Hiding and seeking are fun activities.

Simple Sentence

Tom and Mary

Compound Subject

&

play tennis and swim.

Compound Predicate

&

Compound Verb Just like subjects, sentences can have two or more words that represent the action. Jill ran and sang down the street.

Example 1.

Sally swam and played all afternoon.

1.

The dogs had barked all night and slept all day.

2.

Michelle came home yesterday and did not work all day.

3.

The basketball team rode on a bus and flew in a plane to attend the game.

4.

The park is dark and spooky at night and can be delightful on sunny days.

Compound Subjects and Verbs Some sentences have both a compound subject and a compound verb. What is a compound subject? What is a compound verb?

Example

1.

The ponies and calves scampered and played in the field.

2.

Kathy and her father do not like to play tennis and hate to jog.

3.

The Army and the Navy had a football game and filled S the stadium.

A compound sentence is a combination of  two or more simple sentences. It is formed by:

•

•

Linking ideas to the simple sentences that are related. Using conjunctions

In this chapter, the conjunctions ‘ so’, ‘or ’, ‘but ’, ‘because’ and ‘and’ are used. Example :•

Second idea

•

•

The baby cried. My mother gave him some milk.

The baby cried so my mother gave him some milk.

The conjunctions ‘so’ links the first idea and the second idea. Now it becomes a compound sentence. Below are more examples of compound sentence.

1. Rahim loves swimming. His best friends loves swimming too. Rahim and his friend love swimming. 2. Shida was late. She missed the bus. Shida was late because she missed the bus.

A complex sentence is a sentence that has a main clause and a subordinate clause. The main clause is a sentence that can stand on its own. Example : 1. Hussein is a kind man. (main clause) 2. The cat belonged to my sister. ( main clause) We can understand what the sentence means.

A subordinate clause is a string of words phrases that support the main clause and it cannot stand on its own. Example: 1. who likes to help others. (subordinate clause) 2. which you found yesterday. (subordinate clause) Subordinate clauses are not complete. They need to be paired with the main clause. Note that: ‘who likes to help others’ and ‘which you found yesterday’ depend on the main clauses to give them meanings.

Hussein is a kind man who likes to help others. ( main clause) ( subordinate clause)

( main clause )

( the cat ) which you found yesterday (belonged to my sister.) ( subordinate clause) In the examples shown, you notice that the words ‘who’ and ‘which’ are used in the subordinate clauses. They help to link the main clause and the subordinate clause. They are called relative pronouns. Other common pronouns are ‘whose’, ‘whom’ and ‘that’