Compactabilidad y Compresibilidad

 

KCB\HKVHDGAGFHF W KCB\TE[GDGAGFHF

Kcbpresgdgagfhf y kcbphkthdgagfhf scm tçrbgmcs que fejgmem ah `hdgagfhf fe prcfukgr um kcbphktc em verfe pcr kcbphkthkgûm fe pcavcs em umh bhtrgz. Em tçrbgmcs iemerhaes ah kcbpresgdgagfhf se kuhmtgjgkh kcbc ah presgûm fe kcbphkthkgûm mekeshrgh phrh hakhmzhr umh feterbgmhfh femsgfhf em verfe. Acs pcavcs bès kcbpresgdaes puefem ser kcbphkthfcs h femsgfhfes bhycres y, kcmsekuemtebemte perbgtem jhdrgkhr pgezhs kcm bhycres prcpgefhfes bekèmgkhs c ushr premshs bès pequeøhs y bès ekcmûbgkhs. \cr ac thmtc ah kcbpresgdgagfhf fe um pcavc es umc fe acs prgmkgphaes jhktcres fe fgseøc fe ahs `errhbgemths fe premshfc y feterbgmhmte fe ah femsgfhf h hakhmzhr y ea thbhøc fe ahs premshs mekeshrghs.. Kcbphkthdgagfhf es um tçrbgmc agierhbemte fgjeremte que se reahkgcmh kcm ah resgstemkgh em verfe fea kcbphktc, ah kcbpaeogfhf c jrhigagfhf fe ah pgezh y ah jhkgagfhf fe expuasgûm fe ah pgezh fe ah bhtrgz. \cr eoebpac, h giuhafhf fe ctrcs jhktcres, umh pgezh sgbpae tgeme bhycr kcbphkthdgagfhf que umh pgezh kcbpaeoh, fedgfc h que ah pgezh kcbpaeoh requergrè bhycr juerzh fe eyekkgûm (que gmkrebemth ea rgesic fe jgsurhkgûm c jrhkturh). \cr ac thmtc, phrh gmkrebemthr ah kcbphkthdgagfhf fe pgezhs kcbpaeohs c jrèigaes, se requgere umh bhycr resgstemkgh em verfe, phrh prevemgr ah rcturh furhmte ah eyekkgûm c ah pcstergcr bhmgpuahkgûm. Ah reahkgûm emtre kcbpresgdgagfhf y kcbphkthdgagfhf es kcbpaeoh, fedgfc h que haiumcs jhktcres gmkrebemthm umh h expemshs fe phrtâkuahs ah ctrh y ctrcs hktÿhm em bgsbc ah semtgfc em hbdhs. Em phrtgkuahr, ah jcrbh y thbhøc fe ahs scm jhktcres queeahjekthm kcbpresgdgagfhf y kcbphkthdgagfhf em semtgfcs cpuestcs. Tespektc h ah jcrbh fe ahs phrtâkuahs, pcr eoebpac, ah kcbpresgdgagfhf se ve refukgfh em um pcavc fe jcrbh grreiuahr, fedgfc h que ahs phrtâkuahs mc se hkcbcfhm thm jèkgabemte kcbc ac `hrâhm phrtâkuahs esjçrgkhs. \cr ac thmtc, ahs phrtâkuahs esjçrgkhs tgemem iemerhabemte bhycr kcbpresgdgagfhf que phrtâkuahs fe jcrbh grreiuahr. \cr ea kcmtrhrgc, ah resgstemkgh em verfe iemerhabemte se gmkrebemth kcm ea gmkrebemtc fe ah superjgkge espekâjgkh, ah kuha puefe hubemthr pcr gmkrebemtc fe ah ruicsgfhf superjgkgha y/c  pcr refukkgûm fea thbhøc fe phrtâkuahs. Estc prcvee bès sgtgcs phrh ea hmkahfc bekèmgkc y hubemth ah resgstemkgh fea kcbphktc. Ahs phrtâkuahs irueshs refukem ea mÿberc fe pumtcs fe kcmthktc emtre phrtâkuahs, ac que h su vez perbgte ea rehiruphbgemtc fe ahs phrtâkuahs gmkrebemthmfc ah kcbpresgdgagfhf perc dhohmfc ah resgstemkgh em verfe. [gm ebdhric, hum kuhmfc ah jcrbh y ea thbhøc fe ahs phrtâkuahs tgemem ejektcs cpuestcs scdre ah kcbpresgdgagfhf y kcbphkthdgagfhf, exgstem jhktcres que beocrhm hbdcs. \cr eoebpac, ahs gbpurezhs resgfuhaes gmterstgkghaes, c acs haehmtes em scaukgûm sûagfh, refukem thmtc ah kcbpresgdgagfhf kcbc ah kcbphkthdgagfhf (jgiurh 8). Ah resgstemkgh em verfe y ah kcbpresgdgagfhf se gmkrebemthm kcm ea gmkrebemtc fe ah presgûm fe kcbphkthkgûm y fe ah tebperhturh fe ah bhtrgz (jgiurh 4). Ea hubemtc fe ah tebperhturh c ah presgûm fe kcbphkthkgûm prcbuevem em gmkrebemtc fea bcvgbgemtc fe ahs phrtâkuahs y su fejcrbhkgûm, que scm ahs dhses fe um duem hmkahfc bekèmgkc. Ah thdah G buestrh ah reahkgûm emtre resgstemkgh em verfe, femsgfhf hphremte, presgûm fe kcbphkthkgûm y femsgfhf em verfe phrh fgjeremtes tgpcs fe pcavcs fe `gerrc. Ah jgiurh ; buestrh umh kcbphrhkgûm fe ah kcbpresgdgagfhf y ah resgstemkgh em verfe phrh fcs tgpcs fe  pcavcs fe `gerrc. Ah kcbpresgdgagfhf es buy prûxgbh phrh hbdcs pcavcs, perc ah bhycr fgjeremkgh em resgstemkgh em verfe es htrgdugfh ha bhycr hmkahfc bekèmgkc fe acs pcavcs htcbgzhfcs.

8

 

  Jgi. 8. Ejektc fea khrdcmc resgfuha scdre ah kcbpresgdgagfhf y ah resgstemkgh em verfe fe pcavc fe `gerrc fe hatc K htcbgzhfc pcr hiuh. Kcbphkthfc h 55< B\h.

Jgi. 4. Ejektc fe ah presgûm fe kcbphkthkgûm y ah tebperhturh fe ah bhtrgz scdre (h) ah femsgfhf em verfe y (d) resgstemkgh em verfe, fe `gerrc fe hath purezh htcbgzhfc pcr hiuh.

Vhdah G. Femsgfhf em verfe y resgstemkgh em verfe phrh vhrgcs tgpcs fe pcavc fe `gerrc. \cavc

Femsgfhf hphremte ^i/kb;R

\resgûm fe kcbphkthkgûm ^B\hR 68<

Femsgfhf em verfe ^i/kb;R :,4

Tesgstemkgh em verfe ^B\hR 86

Espcmoh (h)

4,6

55< :7<

:,: :,0

44 40

4,5

68< 55< :7<

:,55 :,0 9,<

8; 87 ---

4,5

68< 55< :7<

:,5 :,9 :,7

8: 48 46

4,:

68< 55< :7<

:,: :,0 9,<

87 45 49

4,:

68< 55< :7<

:,; :,9 :,75

;4 6; 56

Htcbgzhfc espcmoh (d) Tefukgfc (h)

Espcmoh (h)

Eaektrcaâtgkc (k)

(h) bezkahfc kcm 8% fe estehrhtc fe kgmk. (d) bezkahfc kcm