Community Recreation Center

DESIGNING ARCHITECTURE FOR PEACE: INTEGRATING RECREATIONAL LEISURE ACTIVITIES OF MUSLIMS AND CHRISTIANS IN THE PUBLIC OPEN SPACES IN LANAO DEL NORTE

Hanna Mae B. Respuesto

Submitted to the Faculty of the B.S. Architecture Program, Department of Humanities, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of the Philippines Mindanao for the degree of

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN ARCHITECTURE

April 2010

This thesis attached hereto, entitled DESIGNING ARCHITECTURE FOR PEACE: INTEGRATING LEISURE ACTIVITIES OF MUSLIMS AND CHRISTIANS IN THE PUBLIC OPEN SPACES IN LANAO DEL NORTE prepared and submitted by HANNA MAE BUREROS RESPUESTO in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Architecture is hereby accepted PROF. JEAN MARIE V. JUANGA Thesis Coordinator ________________ Date PROF. ISIDORO R. MALAQUE III Adviser ________________ Date

ARCH. ELLEN NOEMI T. DORADO

ARCH. RYAN C. SONGCAYAUON

Thesis Committee Member ________________ Date

Thesis Committee Member ________________ Date

ARCH. NORY LOYD NARVAEZ

ARCH. ERICSON EUROPA

Thesis Committee Member ________________ Date

Thesis Committee Member ________________ Date

ENGR. ISAAC T. MUNCADA Thesis Committee Member ________________ Date

Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Architecture PROF. ANTONINO SALVADOR S. DE VEYRA Chairman Department of Humanities ________________ Date

PROF. MARIA ARACELI DANS-LEE Dean College of Humanities and Social Sciences ________________ Date

ABSTRACT

Public open spaces are areas designed for public use. It suggests freedom. On the other hand, recreational leisure activities also suggest freedom to pursue every individual’s interests inside a community. In the case of the multicultural communities, interactions between different races in a common space/public open spaces such as parks and recreation center is difficult to achieve- alienation between different races is the problem that serve as a wall that keep them from building peace and harmonious environment.

The study aimed to create and develop public open space where in the two different cultural groups could interact harmoniously with each other and would allow them to fully experience each of their recreational leisure activities. The formation of such was done in the context of getting the commonalities of the two conflicting groups and situating it inside the public open spaces. Other issues that keeping the community to interact with each other are carefully considered like issues on gender.

The important role of proper zoning of areas is greatly considered in this study. Indeed, Recreational leisure activities and proper zoning in the public open spaces plays an important role in building architecture for peace in multicultural communities.

i

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I wish to extend my profound gratitude – To the respondents, the people of the municipality of Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte, thank you for honestly answering the surveys. To my brother, Mr. June Respuesto, thank you very much for helping me in conducting the survey and for helping me during field observations. Eventhough you have a very busy schedule, you managed to help your sister up to the finishing point of this study. To my parents, Mr. & Mrs. Dionisio Respuesto, who have taught me valuable lessons on the family, that I may have patience in everything- I thank you for all your support, both financially and emotionally. To my adviser, Prof. Isidoro Malaque III, I thank him for all the checking and all the advice during the development of this study. To the BS Architecture Faculty, Arch. Ellen Dorado, Engr. Isaac Muncada, Arch. Ryan Songcayauon, Arch. Ericson Europa, Arch. Nory Lloyd Narvaez, and Arch. Jean Marie Juanga, I thank them from the approval of my research proposal to letting me pass the thesis deliberation.

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To my classmates-friends, Jessa Cortel, Karen Babia, Camille Marzon, Fatima Taisha Nasaron, Jane Marie Oponda, Bryan Bernaldez, Blanche Marie Agunod, and the other Arki Pips, thank you! It’s really great to be with you guys! To my Special Friend, who has always been special to me, I thank you for helping me and thank you for inspiring me. And lastly, to my Almighty God! Thank YOU for giving me wonderful blessings. And thank YOU for your unfailing love. To all of you, thank you very much!

Hanna Mae Bureros Respuesto

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Abstract

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .

Acknowledgement . Table of Contents .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

i ii iv

List of Tables

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

viii

List of Figures

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

x

CHAPTER I Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

A.

Background of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2

B.

Statement of the Problem. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4

C.

Objective of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5

D.

Significance of the Study. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

E.

Research Question and Hypotheses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

F.

Definition of Terms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

CHAPTER II Review of Related Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9

CHAPTER III A.

Theoretical Framework. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14

B.

Conceptual Framework. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15

iv

CHAPTER IV Research Methodology A.

Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18

B.

Research Framework. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

C

Method of Collecting Data And Research Instrumentation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

D.

Data Processing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

E.

Data Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26

CHAPTER V Data Presentation and Interpretation A.

Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28

B.

Public Open Sapce in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaoro, LDN. . . . . . . . . . . . 29

C.

The Users of the Recreational facilities in Poblacion. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

D.

Frequency of Users during Peak days and Off-Peak Days. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

E.

Physical Features of the Three recreational Areas in Poblacion. . . . . . . . . . . . 39

F.

User’s rating of Preference on their Preferred Recreational Activities. . . . . . . . 60

CHAPTER VI Data Analysis and Presentation of Major Findings A.

Data Interpretation and Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

CHAPTER VII Present Condition Analysis A.

Site Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

109

CHAPTER VIII Required State Program A.

Mission Statement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 v

CHAPTER IX Design Development A.

Schematics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

118

B.

Form Studies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

119

C.

Form and Massing Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .

121

D.

Site Analysis

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123

CHAPTER X Architectural Design Translation A.

The Site. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126

B.

The community recreation center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128

C.

Buildings in the institutional area. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150

D.

Commercial stalls. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175

E.

Site Model . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

CHAPTER XI Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation A.

Summary of Findings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

B.

Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

C.

Recommendations. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182

181

References.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183

Appendices

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184

Appendix A-

Sample of Survey Questionnaire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .185

Appendix B-

Letters of Permission. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189

Appendix C-

Thesis Final Presentation Drawings (in tarps). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 vi

Appendix D-

Electrical Layouts of the Community Recreation Center. . . . . . . . . . . 195

Appendix E-

Plumbing Layout of Main Building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203

Appendix F-

Structural Details. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 4.1 Total Population Of Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo as of 2006 (Sample table)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

Table 4.2 Users Activities during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on 1st to 4th week of August 2009 (Sample table)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

Table 4.3 Number of Users during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on the 1st Week of August 2009 (Sample table)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Table 5.1 Existing Recreational Facilities in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Table 5.2 Total Population of Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo as of 2006

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Table 5.3 Users Activities during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on 1st Week of August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31

Table 5.4 Users Activities during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on 2nd Week of August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Table 5.5 Users Activities during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on 3rd Week of August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Table 5.6 Users activities during Peak Days and Off Peak Days on 4th Week of August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Table 5.7 Number of Muslims and Christians in the Three (3) Recreational Areas during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on the 1st Week of August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Table 5.8 Number of Muslims and Christians in the Three (3) Recreational Areas during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on the 2nd Week of August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Table 5.9 Number of Muslims and Christians in the Three (3) Recreational Areas during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on the 3rd Week of August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 viii

Table 5.10 Number of Muslims and Christians in the Three (3) Recreational Areas during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on the 4th Week of August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Table 6.1 Linking Activities of Muslim and Christian Children by Percentage . . . . . . 90 Table 6.2 Linking Activities of Muslim and Christian Teenagers by Percentage . . . . . 91 Table 6.3 Linking Activities of Muslim and Christian Adults by Percentage . . . . . . . . 93

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3.1 Paradigms on Recreational Leisure Activities and Public Open Space for Building Peace Architecture

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Figure 3.2 Paradigm on Integrating Recreational Leisure Activities of Muslims and Christians in a Public Open Space of a Multicultural Community Figure 4.1 Research Framework

. . . . . . . . 15

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Figure 4.2 Preferential Rating of Muslim and Christian: Swimming (Sample Only) . . . . . . . . 26 Figure 5.1 Photos taken in public plaza on peak days during the 1st week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Figure 5.2 Photos taken in public plaza on off-peak days during the 1st week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

Figure 5.3 Photos taken in the social recreation area on peak days during the 1st week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Figure 5.4 Photos taken in the social recreation area on off-peak days during the 1st week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Figure 5.5 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on peak days during the 1st week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Figure 5.6 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on off-peak days during the 1st week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Figure 5.7 Photos taken in public plaza on peak days during the 2nd week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

Figure 5.8 Photos taken in public plaza on off-peak days during the 2nd week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 x

Figure 5.9 Photos taken in the social recreation area on peak days during the 2nd week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Figure 5.10 Photos taken in the social recreation area on off-peak days during the 2nd week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Figure 5.11 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on peak days during the 2nd week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Figure 5.12 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on off-peak days during the 2nd week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Figure 5.13 Photos taken in public plaza on peak days during the 3rd week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

Figure 5.14 Photos taken in public plaza on off-peak days during the 3rd week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

Figure 5.15 Photos taken in the social recreation area on peak days during the 3rd week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

Figure 5.16 Photos taken in the social recreation area on off-peak days during the 3rd week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

Figure 5.17 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on peak days during the 3rd week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Figure 5.18 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on off-peak days during the 3rd week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54

Figure 5.19 Photos taken in public plaza on peak days during the 4th week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55

Figure 5.20 Photos taken in public plaza on off-peak days during the 4th week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

xi

Figure 5.21 Photos taken in the social recreation area on peak days during the 4th week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Figure 5.22 Photos taken in the social recreation area on off-peak days during the 4th week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Figure 5.23 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on peak days during the 4th week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Figure 5.24 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on off-peak days during the 4th week of observation, August 2009

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Figure 5.25 Users’ rating of preference in swimming

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Figure 5.26 Users’ rating of preference in tennis

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Figure 5.27 Users’ rating of preference in fitness gym

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

Figure 5.28 Users’ rating of preference in spa/salon

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Figure 5.29 Users’ rating of preference in biking

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Figure 5.30 Users’ rating of preference in playing at playground

. . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Figure 5.31 Users’ rating of preference in basketball

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Figure 5.32 Users’ rating of preference in baseball

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

Figure 5.33 Users’ rating of preference in soccer

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Figure 5.34 Users’ rating of preference in walking for pleasure

. . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Figure 5.35 Users’ rating of preference in eating

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

Figure 5.36 Users’ rating of preference in painting

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

Figure 5.37 Users’ rating of preference in billiards

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

Figure 5.38 Users’ rating of preference in reading books/magazines

. . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Figure 5.39 Users’ rating of preference in jogging

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Figure 5.40 Users’ rating of preference in fishing

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

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Figure 5.41 Users’ rating of preference in picnicking

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Figure 5.42 Users’ rating of preference in rock climbing

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Figure 5.43 Users’ rating of preference in boating

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Figure 5.44 Users’ rating of preference in visiting nature centers Figure 5.45 Users’ rating of preference in indoor tennis

. . . . . . . . . . . . 80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Figure 5.46 Users’ rating of preference in artificial wall climbing

. . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Figure 5.47 Users’ rating of preference in computer games/internet

. . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Figure 5.48 Users’ rating of preference in photography Figure 5.49 Users’ rating of preference in chess

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

Figure 5.50 Users’ rating of preference in Philippine games

. . . . . . . . . . . . 86

Figure 5.51 Percentage of the linking and non-linking activities of Muslims and Christians Figure 6.1 Preferential rating of children in biking

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94

Figure 6.2 Preferential rating of children in playing at playground Figure 6.3 Preferential rating of children in basketball

. . . . . . . . . . . . 95

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

Figure 6.4 Preferential rating of children in reading books/magazines

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Figure 6.5 Preferential rating of children in Philippine games

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Figure 6.6 Preferential rating of teenagers in swimming

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Figure 6.7 Preferential rating of teenagers in tennis

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Figure 6.8 Preferential rating of teenagers in biking

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

Figure 6.9 Preferential rating of teenagers in basketball

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Figure 6.10 Preferential rating of teenagers in eating

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99

Figure 6.11 Preferential rating of teenagers in reading books/magazines

. . . . . . . 100

Figure 6.12 Preferential rating of teenagers in computer (internet surfing/games) . . . . . . 101

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Figure 6.13 Preferential rating of teenagers in photography Figure 6.14 Preferential rating of teenagers in chess

. . . . . . . . . . . . 101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102

Figure 6.15 Preferential rating of teenagers in Philippine games Figure 6.16 Preferential rating of adults in tennis

. . . . . . . . . . . . 103

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Figure 6.17 Preferential rating of adults in fitness gym

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Figure 6.18 Preferential rating of adults in walking for pleasure Figure 6.19 Preferential rating of adults in eating

. . . . . . . . . . . . 105

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Figure 6.20 Preferential rating of adults in reading books/magazines

. . . . . . . . . . . . 106

Figure 6.21 Preferential rating of adults in jogging

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107

Figure 6.22 Preferential rating of adults in chess

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Figure 7.1 LocationMap of Sultan Naga Dimaoro, Lanao del Norte

. . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Figure 7.2 Location Map of Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo

. . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Figure 7.3 Location Map of the Site; Recreational Area in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111

Figure 7.4 Site Map showing the adjacent structures of the recreation area

. . . . . . . 112

Figure 7.5 Areas where Muslims and Christians usually stayed

. . . . . . . . . . . 113

Figure 9.1 Zoning Diagram of the Areas for the linking activities

. . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Figure 9.2 Areas commonly used by Muslims and Christians

. . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Figure 9.3 Site Inspiration “Fishing”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Figure 9.4 Bubble diagrams

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

Figure 9.5 Bubble diagrams of the Community Recreation Center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Figure 9.6 Form Concept. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Figure 9.7 Sun path and wind direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Figure 9.8 Traffic Studies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

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Figure 10.1 Site Perspective. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Figure 10.2 Site Development Plan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Figure 10.3 Perspective of the community recreation center. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 Figure 10.4 Ground floor plan of the library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Figure 10.5 Second Floor Plan of the Library. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Figure 10.6 Front Elevation of the Library. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Figure 10.7 Right Side Elevation of the Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Figure 10.8 Rear Elevation of the Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 Figure 10.9 Left Side Elevation of the Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 Figure 10.10 Ground Floor Plan of the Fitness gym . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Figure 10.11 Second Floor Plan of the Fitness gym . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Figure 10.12 Front Elevation of the Fitness gym . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Figure 10.13 Left Side Elevation of the Fitness gym . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 Figure 10.14 Rear Elevation of the Fitness gym . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139 Figure 10.15 Right Side Elevation of the Fitness gym . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 Figure 10.16 Spot perspective showing the Grandstand. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 Figure 10.17 Ground Floor Plan of the Grandstand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 Figure 10.18 Second Floor Plan of the Grandstand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 Figure 10.19 Front Elevation of the Grandstand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .144 Figure 10.20 Left Side Elevation of the Grandstand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145 Figure 10.21 Rear Elevation of the Grandstand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 Figure 10.22 Right Side Elevation of the Grandstand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 Figure 10.23 Section thru A of the Grandstand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148 Figure 10.24 Section thru B of the Grandstand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 Figure 10.25 Kiosks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 xv

Figure 10.26 The Municipal hall of Sultan Naga Dimaporo (Existing) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 Figure 10.27 The Municipal hall of Sultan Naga Dimaporo (Proposed) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 Figure 10.28 Ground Floor Plan of the Municipal Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 Figure 10.29 Second Floor Plan of the Municipal Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 Figure 10.30 Front Elevation of the Municipal hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 Figure 10.31 Right Side Elevation of the Municipal hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 Figure 10.32 Rear Elevation of the Municipal hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 Figure 10.33 Left Side Elevation of the Municipal hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 Figure 10.34 Section thru A of the Municipal Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156 Figure 10.35 Section thru B of the Municipal Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Figure 10.36 Ground Floor Plan of the Municipal council building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158 Figure 10.37 Front Elevation of the Municipal council building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159 Figure 10.38 Left Side Elevation of the Municipal council building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .159 Figure 10.39 R ear Elevation of the Municipal council building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .160 Figure 10.40 Rear Elevation of the Municipal council building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Figure 10.41 Section thru A of the Municipal council building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Figure 10.42 Section thru B of the Municipal council building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Figure 10.43 Ground Floor Plan of the Police station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162 Figure 10.44 Front Elevation of the Police station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Figure 10.45 Right Side Elevation of the Police station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163 Figure 10.46 Rear Elevation of the Police station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Figure 10.47 Left Side Elevation of the Police station. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Figure 10.48 Section thru A of the Police Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Figure 10.49 Section thru B of the Police Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165

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Figure 10.50 Ground Floor Plan of the Daycare Center and RHU office . . . . . . . . . . . 166 Figure 10.51 Front Elevation of the the Daycare Center and RHU office . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Figure 10.52 Left Side Elevation of the Daycare Center and RHU office . . . . . . . . . . . .167 Figure 10.53 Rear Elevation of the Daycare Center and RHU office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Figure 10.54 Right Side Elevation of the Daycare Center and RHU office . . . . . . . . . . . 168 Figure 10.55 Section thru A of the Daycare Center and RHU office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 Figure 10.56 Section thru B of the Daycare Center and RHU office. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 Figure 10.57 Ground Floor Plan of the Fire station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170 Figure 10.58 Front Elevation of the Fire station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Figure 10.59 Right Side Elevation of the Fire station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Figure 10.60 Rear Elevation of the Fire station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 Figure 10.61 Left Side Elevation of the Fire station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 Figure 10.62 Section thru A of the Fire station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Figure 10.63 Section thru B of the Fire station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 Figure 10.64 Floor Plan of the Commercial stalls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Figure 10.65 Elevations of the Commercial stalls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Figure 10.66 Top view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 Figure 10.67 Front view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 Figure 10.68 Left Side view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 Figure 10.69 Rear view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 Figure 10.70 Right Side view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178

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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

Sustainable development is impossible without sustainable peace building. The image of Architecture for Peace suggests that peace building is not only a science but also an art, where imagination and creativity are an essential part of the building process. As Luc Reychler stated on a study about “Peace Building Architecture”:

“Sustainable peace is seen (a) as the result of reconciliation of competing values, interests, and needs, such as freedom, justice, affluence, security, truth, mercy and dignity and (b) as flourishing best in a consolidated democratic environment..”

In a multicultural community like in Lanao del Norte, a province located in Mindanao, where two different religious majority groups -Muslims and Christians has existed, the political and social conflict of the past up to the present and also their individual Religious practices have created a degree of alienation in the lives of Christian and Muslim community. This alienation builds a barrier that is even present in many Muslim-Christian communities nowadays. One distinct example is the use of Public Open Spaces, in this case; one side may dominate the other. A Christian would hesitate to use the provided open space such as park, when majority of the users are Muslims. The same case with Muslim, he/she would hesitate to do his/her desired leisure activity when majority of the users are Christians. 1

Recreational leisure activities suggest freedom to pursue every individual’s interests. But how can we determine if public open spaces such as a public park or other recreational space have served the community in an equal manner and has fully addressed every resident’s leisure activities such as playing sports, and recreating with other people, if there is a barrier that causes alienation and unfriendly environment between the two groups? The issues and concerns cited may seem inconspicuous to the public, but in the public open spaces these behaviors are clearly visible. The success of this study will give big contribution in creating an environment for Muslims and Christians where they can establish harmonious and friendly interaction among them. The study will give a design approach for the public open space that would break the barriers of the two disjoining groups in a community.

A. Background of the Study

The participation of architecture in establishing peace and order in a society is one of the significant roles that every architects and architecture students should realize, as what the article entitled “Role of Architecture in Any Communal Dispute- A Synopsis’’ quoted that, “Architects should not neglect in their plans on how to find ways that the two conflicting ideas and principles will meet.” (www.designcommunity.com) Matters involving peace in Mindanao have become a big issue in the Philippines. The conflict between Muslim and Christian people had left scratches in every Filipinos’ heart that even people of authority believe that peace in Mindanao would be very hard 2

to achieve. As what Gov. Khalid Dimaporo of Lanao del Norte stressed out during the dialogue presided over by Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process, Hermogenes Esperon Jr., “We all want peace but it’s not a simple problem. It would take generations to solve it”, he said. And the only way in order to attain it would be through deserting the “kanya-kanya” mentality and only if everyone should sit as one group. Sultan Naga Dimaporo (Karomatan) is a 4th class municipality in the province of Lanao del Norte, Philippines. It has a population of 46,004 people (Census 2007). It is politically subdivided into 37 Barangays. The center was the Barangay Poblacion, with a population of 5,501 and 55% are Muslim, the remaining 45% are Christians. According to a forum in Sultan Naga Dimaporo Social Network posted by Omar Mangca, a student in MSU-Marawi City entitled “What Makes Sultan Naga Dimaporo different from other Municipalities?”, Sultan Naga Dimaporo has a vast potential for coastal tourism but remains to be fully and sustainably harnessed. Its beaches are of superior quality relative to known beach resorts because of its pristine coastal waters. But aside from that a resident commented that what makes it different is because it is a place of diversity. Different Moro people e.g. Maranao, Tausog, Maguindanao, and Samal, as well as different Christian people e.g. Cebuano, Ilonggo, and Boholano is living in harmony with each other. The people in Sultan Naga Dimaporo respect one another regardless of what tribe, race, or religion they belong. This make Sultan Naga Dimaporo different, "Diversified yet United." (www.municipalityofsnd.ning.com). But what made Omar Mangca say that, that indeed the residents in SND are in harmony, still, the image of SND being considered as a dangerous place for Christians remains, like in other places 3

in Lanao del Norte. Outsiders believe that Sultan Naga Dimaporo, like in other places in Lanao del Norte, is a danger zone. And even the Muslim and Christian residents have a certain degree of alienation among each other creating an environment that is free from political violence yet divided by space. The researcher believes that creating and designing an environment for Muslims and Christians in Sultan Naga Dimaporo wherein the two groups could do their recreational leisure activities in harmony and friendly way, by integrating these activities in the public open spaces located in Poblacion, Sultan Naga Dimaporo, would be a very good approach in breaking the barrier between the groups. This study is looking forward to define the relationship of Muslims and Christians and their use of public open space in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo. This study will show the vital role of public open spaces in building peace in a society of different groups with different culture, behavior and beliefs.

B. Statement of the Problem

Public open spaces are areas open for public recreation and public access and they were designed to cater recreational leisure activities in a community. However, in the case of multicultural community where two different groups exist like Muslim and Christian community, problems like alienation or separation of the two different groups are visible; one group would dominate the other as a result of the conflicts of the past and present situation. 4

With the concerns and issues presented, there is a need to create an architectural solution that will provide an environment for Muslims and Christians where they can establish harmonious and friendly interaction among them. Specifically, if the issues will be addressed, the study aims to answer the following questions: (a) what are the behaviors of Muslims and Christians in a public open space? (b) What are the common leisure activities of Muslims and Christians? (c) Is it important that a separate space and a common space should be provided in the public open space so the two groups could interact harmoniously? (d) How the current public open space in Sultan Naga Dimaporo does served the Muslim and Christian community?

C. Objective of the Study

The study aims to create and develop public open space wherein the two different cultural groups could interact harmoniously with each other and would allow them to fully experience each of their recreational leisure activities. To be able to create a harmonious and friendly architectural environment for Muslims and Christians, the study should be able to: 1. Discover the impact of recreational leisure activities and behaviors of Muslims and Christians in the Public open spaces. 2. Create a design solution for public open spaces as a means for peace building between a Muslim and Christian community.

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3. Provide a new spatial zoning in the public open spaces where two different and disjoining cultures like Christians and Muslims could create a harmonious and friendly interaction. 4. Provide recreational and leisure facilities in the public open space of MuslimChristian community for children, for teenagers and for adult users as well. 5. Develop the common recreational leisure space for both groups in such a way that it could enhance the lives of these people inside the community.

D. Significance of the Study

Peaceful environment and recreational leisure experience are vital aspects of a community. This suggests that people in a community should have freedom to pursue their interests. Leisure is a powerful force influencing life in contemporary society. It is woven in the fabric of our culture. It provides opportunities for relaxation, renewal, release, and restoration and it serves to promote the growth, development and general well-being of individuals. Multicultural society with a mixture of Muslim and Christian causes unequal distribution of the recreational leisure areas within the society resulting from the alienation caused by the past and present conflicts of the two opposing groups. Harmony will not be achieved if this condition will continue. This study is significant as a contribution of architecture in making public open spaces equally distributed to its users and making it usable for both Muslims and Christians and to be able to break the barrier that keeps each group to interact. This 6

study is also important for the development and growth of the people in a multicultural community.

E. Research Questions and Hypotheses

The study aims to address issues and questions such as: (a) what are the common recreational leisure activities of Muslims and Christians in a multicultural community like Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte? (b) What are the behaviors of Muslims and Christians in terms of their use in Public Open Space? (c) Is there a significant relationship between the zoning within public open space and the recreational leisure activities of each group?

F. Definition of Terms Christians

– group of people following Jesus Christ’s teachings

Civilian

– a citizen who is not a member of the armed forces

Common Space

– an area or space shared by two or more people, or groups

Leisure

– “to be free”, freedom to pursue individual interests. (Edginton et al, 2004)

Muslims

– followers of Islam religion

Public Open Space

– are areas open for public recreation and public access

Public Parks

– recreational park open to all members of the public. Public parks are maintained by government personnel and financed by taxes.

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Recreation

– a process that “restores or recreates” the individual.

Safety

– the idea of being protected against harm, injury

Sustainable Peace Building

– the process of maintaining peace within an area or a community

Peaceful

– the idea of being calm, serene and untroubled

Perceived freedom

– occurs when a person does not feel forced or constrained to participate in an experience and does not feel limited by the environment.

Community Recreation Center – is a complex with a range of activities that serve the community

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Related Literatures of this study are those which are concerned with the matters involving peace in Mindanao and the role of the architects/architecture students in designing and building structures that would promote peace between the two conflicting groups- Christian and Muslim. And also, literatures about Recreational Leisure activities and its connection in peace building of communities would be given much attention in this paper.

In a related thesis study, conducted by Oliver Abatol entitled “Shared Architecture Space: A Contribution for the Peace Campaign in Mindanao”, he pointed out the possibility of two religions (Christianity and Islam) to be united by stating in his study some inter-religious dialogues that support his study. As quoted in an article entitled, “A March for Justice and Peace- Synagogue to Church to Mosque”, that we can achieve what we hope for and desire if together we join with the people of the world to find justice and peace (www.scoop.co.nz). Abatol added that, “if there will be a consolidated purpose, people of different color, race, nationality or even religion will be united. This reminds people that the heart of everything specifically the religion is peace, that all humans on earth are sisters and brothers, and that we belong to the land and not that the land belongs to us.” He found out in the result of his studies, through long process of research and interviews, that educational space would be the desirable 9

area wherein Christians and Muslims could create a sociable, friendly and harmonious interaction among them.

The participation of architecture in the peace campaign process through sharing their knowledge to society is a significant realization especially to the architecture students; it would serve as their inspiration in designing and planning structures for peace. As what the article entitled “Role of Architecture in Any Communal Dispute- A Synopsis’’ quoted that, “Architects should not neglect in their plans on how to find ways that the two conflicting ideas and principles will meet.” (www.designcommunity.com). During a dialogue presided over by Presidential Adviser on the Peace Process, Hermogenes Esperon Jr., residents in Lanao del Norte, Mindanao shouted “Yes to ceasefire, no to withdrawal of government troops”. This shows that even the residents don’t want to let their guards down, they still want to be protected even if a ceasefire will be declared. Gov. Khalid Dimaporo stressed out during the dialogue that we all want peace but it’s not a simple problem. “It would take generations to solve it”, he said. We need to sit as one group. “Huwag ang ‘kanya-kanya’ mentality”. He believes that when his people would exert effort in peace building process in their land, together, hand in hand, they could achieve their desire for peace.

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Recreational Leisure Activities for Peace These literatures show that Leisure and Recreation have roles to play in social communication and peace building process and could be use as a tool for economic and social development of Muslim and Christian society.

Leisure suggests freedom to pursue individual interests. It is derived from latin word, Licere, which means “to be free”. Recreation on the other hand, has been thought of as a process that “restores or recreates” the individual. From the latin word “recreatio” which means “to refresh” (Edginton et. al, 2004). Leisure is a powerful force influencing life in contemporary society. Woven into the fabric of our culture, leisure concerns are reflected in our personal lives and in the political, social, commercial and religious institutions that shape our lives. We seek leisure as a way of enriching, enhancing and nourishing our lives. It provides opportunities for relaxation, reflection, renewal, release, and restoration and it serves to promote the growth, development and general well-being of individuals (Edginton et al., 2004). But how can we determine if one is at leisure? How do we measure leisure? Social Psychologists who study the interactions of the individual have indicated that several criteria can be used to define and measure the leisure experience. There are four basic criteria: 1) Perceived freedom which occurs when a person does not feel forced or constrained to participate in an experience and does not feel inhibited or limited by the environment. 2) Intrinsic Motivation – involvement in leisure pursuits that are initiated by the individual for personal feelings of satisfaction, enjoyment, and 11

gratification are said to be intrinsically motivated. 3) Perceived Competence - a person must perceive him- or herself to possess a skill or a degree of competence to engage in a leisure activity. 4) Positive Affect – Rossman (1988) and Edginton et al. (1995) refer to positive affect as the need for or extent to which individuals have the ability to exert influence within the context of the leisure experience (Edginton et al., 2004).

In a sense, to achieve the goal of the study, as planners and designers, in designing recreational/leisure spaces, we should focus on creating an environment that enable people to successfully experience leisure. Interaction and communication among social beings should be enhanced through thoroughly programmed architectural structures, areas or spaces. As the article “Symbols and Society” (1995) have said, that communication among people and the creation of societies are interconnected with the physical or built environment. Research and experience support the idea of interactionist that the characteristics of both the person and the situation interact with each other in influencing behavior is gaining acceptance. This view is consistent with Lewin’s (1935) formula B=f(P,E) that suggests that behavior (B) is a function (f) of the person (P) and the environment or situation (E). Thus, particular situations and environment constrain an individual’s behavior in specific ways (Chelladurai, 1999).

Creating a Leisure experience essentially involves arranging or assisting the placement of an individual in a social, physical or natural environment. Social environment involve the planning and implementation of such activities as special events, festivals, and so on, that result in benefits such as aesthetic awareness, fantasy, 12

fun, enjoyment, and social contact. Physical Environment wherein constructed facilities might include golf courses, swimming pools, fitness centers, tennis courts, parks, and other areas. It offers the individual a sense of status and opportunities for physical conditioning and skill acquisition. And lastly, the natural environment which is suited to outdoor recreation like ocean beaches, mountains, rivers, and so on. Participants can experience feelings of awe, beauty, spiritual awareness, challenge, and solitude in the natural environment (Edginton et al., 2004).

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CHAPTER III THEORE THEORETICAL TICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

A. Theoretical Framework

Figure 3.1 Paradigm on Recreational Leisure Activities ities and Public Open Space For Building Peace Architecture

Alienation between Muslim Muslims and Christians caused by the wars and conflicts between their political groups and religious beliefs have greatly affected the lives and relationship between these religious groups and their different religious ious practices have also built a barrier causing the separ separation of the two groups. This issue should be addressed importantly and especially in the field of architecture; spaces that is made ffor public use must be given more attention. Figure 3.1 .1 shows the paradigm of the integration of recreational leisure activities in the pub public lic open spaces in MuslimMuslim Christian community; this will be achieved through designing architecture for peace. peace

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This approach will be applied to public open spaces in order to break the barrier between the two disjoining group which causes the separation be between tween them.

B. Conceptual Framework

Figure 3.22 Paradigm on Integrating Recreational leisure Activities of Muslims and Christians in a Public Open Space of a Multicultural Community 15

Peaceful Environment, harmonious relationship, and total recreational leisure experience of the people is vital aspects in building a strong community. Figure 3.2 shows the paradigm on integrating recreational leisure activities of Muslims and Christians in the public open space of a multicultural community. With the issues that has been mentioned in the previous chapters about Christian-Muslim relationship and their behaviors in the public open spaces on multicultural communities, peace and harmony of such community can be achieve through creating a place where they can perform each of their recreational and leisure activities with only peace and enjoyment in their minds and by breaking the barrier that resulted to the alienation between them. Identifying the recreational and leisure activities of each group and their behavior in terms of their use in public open spaces – the joining or linking behaviors and activities and the disjoining or non-linking can be obtained. Each level of age has its own demands, such as children, they need playgrounds, while teenagers love general sports and extreme sports, and for the elderly, maybe an ample sitting area where they can read their favorite book or talk with their friends. This approach of getting each of the group’s recreational needs according to their age level can identify factors that could help in organizing their activities – these are the Joining and Disjoining activities and it could be categorized to form a new planning approach of public open spaces in multicultural communities. Joining or the “linking” areas will be the elements that will be addressed and accommodated in the common recreational and leisure space for both groups, enabling them to recreate in a harmonious manner.

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On the other hand, a common space for Muslims and a common space for Christians will accommodate the Disjoining or “non-linking” behaviors and recreational leisure activities of Muslims and Christians. With these three different types of environment, the study will shape up an idea of a Public Open Space that could cater recreational leisure activities of Muslims and Christians. This community recreation center is enclosed with a balanced environment wherein there are areas being regulated to cater activities and behavior of each group and areas. And a common area to which open to all –for both Muslims and Christians.

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CHAPTER IV RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Introduction

The study seeks to understand the relationship of Muslim and Christian behaviors and their recreational leisure activities to the planning of public open space in order to create a peaceful architectural environment so they can interact with each other harmoniously. Specifically, the study aims to create and develop public open space wherein the two different cultural groups could interact harmoniously with each other and would allow them to fully experience each of their recreational leisure activities. And to be able to design a harmonious and friendly architectural environment for Muslims and Christians, the study should be able to: 1. Discover the impact of recreational leisure activities and behaviors of Muslims and Christians in the Public open spaces; 2. Create a design solution for public open spaces as a means for peace building between a Muslim and Christian community; 3. Provide a new spatial zoning in the public open spaces where two different and disjoining cultures like Christians and Muslims could create a harmonious and friendly interaction;

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4. Provide recreational and leisure facilities in the public open space of MuslimChristian community for children, for teenagers and for adult users as well; and 5. Develop the common recreational leisure space for both groups in such a way that it could enhance the lives of these people inside the community.

The study also aims to address issues and questions such as: (a) what are the common recreational leisure activities of Muslims and Christians in a multicultural community like Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte? (b) What are the behaviors of Muslims and Christians in terms of their use in Public Open Space? (c) Is there a significant relationship between the zoning within public open space and the recreational leisure activities of each group?

B. Research Framework

The method of the study will be quantitative descriptive research. This will be done by collecting information, mainly the statistical data, and based on this data/information the situation shall be able to define the different recreational activities of Muslims and Christians. This method is attainable with the used of survey and correlational study. Figure 4.1 shows the research framework of the study. The preliminary data that will be collected comprises the present information of the users which will be categorized according to age level in the recreational area of Poblacion Sultan Naga 19

Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte, and their activities and behavior in this public open space will also be included. And based on this data, the specific recreational and leisure facilities and activities will be identified, more importantly the most preferred and common activities of the Muslim and Christian users. There will be preliminary survey and interview to the chosen Muslim and Christian respondents as a basis of the formal data gathering. The survey questions will be carefully chosen appropriate to the study. Maps and some sketches that might help in interpreting and analyzing the data will be drawn. Photo documentation and analyzing the user’s activity will also be done in order to support the possible findings of the research.

Figure 4.1 Research Framework

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C. Method of Collecting Data and Research Instrumentation

1. Library Research The library research will be made along with the field observation and interviews. This will contain theories, requirements and concept which are important in the justification of the proposed study. Concepts like the “user centered design” and the concepts of common spaces will also be considered. This library research will be done to support any assumption that has been made in the previously research.

2. Survey Survey will be obtained from sample of people chosen systematically, through the use of interview or questionnaires techniques. The informations it will provide are the basis for identifying the common or linking activities of the users as well as their non-linking activities. These will also provide the views of the users in the existing recreational facilities and their views in the public open space of their municipality. The respondents will mainly come from the Muslim and Christian community in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte. And to obtain the sample size, the respondents will be chosen systematically. They will be divided into three (3) categories according to age level: (a) population from Muslim and Christian children in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, (b) population from Muslim and Christian Teenagers in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, and (c) population from Muslim and 21

Christian adults (20 yrs old above). First, the researcher will select thirty (30) representatives from the group of Muslim children and also thirty (30) representatives from Christians studying at Sultan Naga Dimaporo Central Elementary School, which is the only elementary school located in the community. Ten (10) Muslims and ten (10) Christians will be chosen on each grade level – from grade four to grade six. Second, the researcher will choose 60 representatives from the high school students in the community coming from First to Fourth year level. They will also be divided into thirty (30) Muslim and thirty (30) Christian students. And third, the researcher will choose representatives from the adult groups aging 18 yrs. old and above. The researcher will choose sixty (60) people from the Adult population – thirty (30) from Muslims and thirty (30) from Christians. User’s preferential rating of the recreational and leisure activities will also be included in the questionnaire for the purpose of identifying preferences, and activities/ facilities that should be present in the public open space of a multicultural community.

3. Field Observation A sequence of in-depth observation and evaluation on the physical and behavioral aspect will be done in the existing recreational area in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte. Every element will be recorded, like the religious affiliations of the users and how many in each group is using the recreational areas of Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo.

22

Behavioral mapping or activity analysis will be used to identify the activities of Muslim and Christian users in the provided facilities in the existing area; it is a method used to create by means of systematic and sustained observations, what the people are doing and for how long, and with whom and also the number of users for a specific time of the day (peak days and off-peak days) will be recorded according to what group they belong; this will be used to identify the frequency of the users in the existing public open space.

4. Collection of Secondary Data Secondary data will also be collected. The information will comprise the quantitative data which will include the statistics of the population of Muslim people as well as Christian population in the Poblacion. The data and maps to be used will be acquired from the Barangay and the Municipality planning office.

5. Photo Documentation Photos for the Behavioral mapping or the activity analysis will be acquired to support in analyzing the present behavior of the users in the public open space being studied.

D. Data Processing The data acquired will be presented according to the sequence it will be gathered. Data from primary and secondary sources will be tabulated and converted into graphs. Among the data will be: 23

1. Population of the Muslim and Christian in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo

Table 4.1 Total Population of Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo as of 2006 (Sample Table) Community Population Muslim Christian Total

2. List of activities of the users in Poblacion recreational areas from 1st to 4th week of August 2009. Table 4.2 Users Activities during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on 1st Week of August 2009 (Sample Table) Peak Days Off-Peak Days Week #___ Saturday Sunday Monday Friday Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts)

8-12 am

Physical (Fitness Gym)

8-12 am

2-6 pm

2-6 pm Natural (Park, Open Space)

8-12 am 2-6 pm

24

3. Number of Users in the Poblacion recreational areas during Peak Days and Off Peak Days on the 1st to 4th week of august 2009

Table 4.3 Number of Users during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on the 1st Week (Sample Table) Peak Days

Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts) Physical (Fitness Gym)

Muslim

Natural (Park, Open Space)

Muslim

Adults Total

812am 2-6pm

2-6pm

Sunday Teenagers 812am

2-6pm

Children 812am

2-6pm

Adults 812am

2-6pm

2-6pm

812am

Children

812am

Areas

Saturday Teenagers

Christian Muslim Christian Christian

Total Off- Peak Days

Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts) Physical (Fitness Gym)

Muslim

Natural (Park, Open Space)

Muslim

Adults Total

812am 2-6pm

2-6pm

Friday Teenagers 812am

2-6pm

Children 812am

2-6pm

Adults 812am

2-6pm

2-6pm

812am

Children

812am

Areas

Monday Teenagers

Christian Muslim Christian Christian

Total

The data collected from the Survey interviews will be presented in descriptive and graphical form containing the major points in the discussion which include the recreational activities of each of the Muslim and Christian respondents and also the activities they perform with their Muslim/Christian friends. The data to be collected from field observations will be presented in tables and photos or sketches citing important elements in the study. Physical evaluation of the 25

existing facility involves the rating of desirable recreational activities in the Poblacion in accordance to the user’s preference on their least and most preferred recreational activities on their community. The activities will be rated that will range from one (1) to ten (10) with 10 as the highest/most preferred, 5 is acceptable, 1 as the least preferred activities). (See Appendix)

E. Data Analysis Quantitative data will be converted to graphs to be able see their relationships. The Users’ preferential rating on their least and most preferred recreational and leisure activities will be shown as bar graphs.

Figure 4.2 Preferential Rating of Muslim and Christian: Swimming (Sample Only)

The linking activities of the two different groups will be acquired from the result of the survey questionnaires which composed the common activities of Muslims and 26

Christians. The analysis will be categorized according to age level: the children, teenagers and adults category. Analysis of data will also be categorized according to the aspect of Linking and the non-linking activities of Muslim and Christian respondents; from the data gathered through survey interviews, important elements will be filtered, same as to field observation, and secondary data.

27

CHAPTER V DATA PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION

A.

Introduction

Peaceful environment and recreational leisure experience are vital aspects in a community. This suggests that people in a community should have freedom to pursue their interests. Leisure is a powerful force influencing life in contemporary society. It is woven in the fabric of our culture. It provides opportunities for relaxation, renewal, release, and restoration and it serves to promote the growth, development and general well-being of individuals. Multicultural community like in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo causes unequal distribution of the recreational leisure areas and facilities within the society resulting from the alienation caused by the past and present conflicts of the two different religious groups. Harmony will not be achieved if this condition will continue. The linking and the disjoining recreational activities and the commonalities of the two groups should be identified, examined and analyzed, to be able to provide the appropriate solutions. This chapter presents the data acquired from the public open spaces and recreational facilities in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte through various method of collection.

28

B. Public open space in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte The public open space referred on this study is the recreational area identified in the Municipal Land Use Plan of Sultan Naga Dimaporo. The sports and recreation facilities of the municipality are concentrated in the Poblacion. The existing facilities include two tennis courts, two basketball courts, and a public plaza. Table 5.1 shows the recreational facilities in the Poblacion based on 1999 Municipal Planning and Development Office (MPDO) Survey.

Table 5.1 Existing Recreational Facilities in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte

Recently, in 2005 a fitness gym was provided in Poblacion which is privately owned by the municipality Mayor Hon. Motalib Dimaporo and later it became open to public use. It is also located in the recreational area of the Poblacion. The data was gathered in this area that contributes mostly to the total population. Table 5.2 shows the population of Muslim and Christian in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo.

29

Table 5.2 Total Population of Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo as of 2006 Community

Population

Muslim

3,025

Christian

2 476

Total

5,501

Source: Census 2006 (The total population is projected by the NSO to reach 6,135 in the year 2010.)

The recreation area of the Poblacion has an area of 50,000 square meters with possible users of 3,025 Muslim and 2,476 Christian. And the total population is projected to reach 6,135 in the year 2010. C. The users of the recreational facilities in Poblacion The users of the Poblacion’s recreational facilities are composed of children, teenagers and adults. Most of the users are students taking lunch after their classes, others are there to take a nap and most of the time the users are just sitting, talking and sometimes eating on the plaza’s waiting sheds. The tennis courts and basketball courts are most of the time empty during morning. Most of the users are male teenagers and adults. Children would sometimes play on the wide court. The physical fitness gym is occupied usually between four (4) to five (5) in the morning and six (6) to eight (8) in the evening. The activities of the users are mapped through the following tables below.

30

Table 5.3 Users Activities during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on 1st Week of August 2009 Peak Days

Off-Peak Days

Week # 1 Saturday Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts)

Physical (Fitness Gym)

Natural (Park, Open Space)

8-12 am

Sitting, Walking

2-6 pm

Sunday

Monday

Friday

Sitting, Walking, Playing Tennis

Sitting, talking, lying on the benches Playing tennis, sitting, talking

Playing with other kids, sitting Playing tennis, sitting

8-12 am

(no activities)

(no activities)

(no activities)

Playing tennis, playing basketball (no activities)

2-6 pm

weightlifting

Weightlifting

(no activities)

weightlifting

8-12 am

Sitting, sleeping, talking, walking, eating Sitting, playing, walking

Sitting, sleeping, talking, walking, eating Sitting, eating, biking, walking

Sitting, eating, biking, walking, playing guitar Sitting, eating, biking, walking, playing with other kids

Sitting, eating, biking, walking,

2-6 pm

Sitting, talking

Sitting, eating, biking, walking, sleeping, playing

Table 5.3 shows the users activities during Peak days and Off-peak days of the first (1st) week of August 2009. The activities of the users were recorded on each assigned day during the time interval of 8am to 12nn and 2pm to 6pm in the afternoon. Each of the areas was considered and was studied according to the time it was scheduled. Social areas composed of the Poblacion’s tennis courts and basketball courts and the Stage, physical area composed only the fitness gym of the Poblacion and natural areas composed the public plaza known as the “Quirino Park”.

31

Table 5.4 Users Activities during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on 2nd Week of August 2009 Peak Days

Off-Peak Days

Week # 2 Saturday Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts)

Physical (Fitness Gym)

Natural (Park, Open Space)

8-12 am

Sitting, talking, lying on the benches

2-6 pm

Sunday

Monday

Friday

Sitting, talking, walking, playing

Sitting, Walking

Playing tennis, playing basketball

Sitting, Walking, Playing Tennis

8-12 am

Playing tennis, sitting, talking, walking (no activities)

Playing with other kids, sitting, talking, walking Playing tennis, sitting, playing basket ball (no activities)

(no activities)

(no activities)

2-6 pm

weightlifting

weightlifting

weightlifting

weightlifting

8-12 am

Sitting, sleeping, talking, walking, eating

Sitting, sleeping, talking, walking, eating

Sitting, eating, biking, walking, playing with other kids

2-6 pm

Sitting, eating, biking, walking

Sitting, eating, biking, walking, sleeping, playing

Sitting, eating, biking, walking

sitting, eating, biking, walking, playing guitar, Gathered in the park for the welcome event of Pres Arryo Sitting, eating, biking, walking, sleeping

As seen on the Table 5.4 the activities of the users in the second week are normally the same with first week. It varies only depending on the number of the users on that time of the day. On the off peak days of the weak, in Friday people in Poblacion have gathered in the public plaza for the welcome event for the President during her visit in Lanao del Norte.

32

Table 5.5 Users Activities during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on 3rd Week of August 2009 Peak Days

Off-Peak Days

Week # 3 Saturday

Sunday

Monday

Friday

Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts)

8-12 am

sitting

Walking, talking

Biking, playing with other kids

Sitting, walking, playing tennis

2-6 pm

Playing tennis, playing basketball

Sitting, talking, playing tennis

Playing tennis, sitting, walking

Physical (Fitness Gym)

8-12 am

(no activities)

(no activities)

2-6 pm

Sitting, weightlifting Eating, taking a nap, walking, talking with friends, biking Talking with friends, taking pictures, eating

Sitting, weightlifting Sitting, weightlifting Walking, talking with friends, sitting, lying on the benches Sitting, talking, walking

Playing basketball, playing tennis, watching the game, sitting (no activities)

Natural (Park, Open Space)

8-12 am

2-6 pm

(no activities) Sitting, talking with friends

Talking, sleeping, playing, walking

Sitting, weightlifting Eating, taking a nap, walking, talking with friends, biking Sitting, talking, walking, eating

On the third week shown in Table 5.5 only shows that activities on the three recreational areas are almost the same as the 1st and 2nd week. The physical fitness gym is usually empty during off peak days and during daytime.

33

Table 5.6 Users Activities during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on 4th Week of August 2009 Peak Days

Off-Peak Days

Week # 4 Saturday Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts)

Physical (Fitness Gym)

Sunday

Monday

Friday

Sitting, talking, lying on the benches, biking Playing tennis, playing basketball

Playing with other kids, sitting, talking, walking Sitting, talking, playing tennis

(no activities)

(no activities)

Sitting,

Sitting, weightlifting

8-12 am

Walking, talking

2-6 pm

Playing tennis, playing basketball, sitting, talking (no activities)

Playing with other kids, sitting, talking, walking Playing tennis, sitting, walking, playing basket ball (no activities)

Sitting, weightlifting

Sitting, weightlifting

8-12 am 2-6 pm

weightlifting Natural (Park, Open Space)

8-12 am

Sitting, talking with friends, eating, taking a nap

Eating, taking a nap, walking, talking with friends, biking

walking, talking with friends, biking, eating

2-6 pm

Sitting, lying on the benches, eating, walking, talking with

Talking with friends, sitting lying on the benches, walking

Eating, taking a nap, walking, talking with friends, biking

Talking with friends, taking pictures, eating, selling vegetables and other goods Sitting, talking with friends, eating, taking a nap

The tables listed above shows the list of the users’ activities on the month of August 2009. As recorded on the table the usual activities of the users in the natural area or the plaza, on peak days and off-peak days in a given time of the day includes sitting on the benches, lying on the sheds, some would eat their lunch, walking and talking with their companies, some are waiting for a ride home for most of the vehicles would stop near the plaza. On peak days vendors would reserve slots in the plaza for them to sell their foods and vegetables and other goods. In the fitness gym, it is usually empty during 8-12pm, and a maximum of 7 people normally uses the area, though it’s open for public use. The tennis courts and basketball courts are usually occupied during noontime between 2pm to 6pm. Kids play during daytime, usual activities are sitting on

34

the benches, watching the games and the players, playing basketball, playing tennis and biking. D. Frequency of Muslim and Christian Users during Peak days and Off-Peak days The frequency of the users is determined through identifying the population size of the users on a specific time of the day. The following are tables show the number of users of the Poblacion Public open space during Peak days and off-peak days. Table 5.7 Number of Users during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on the 1st Week of August 2009 Peak Days WEEK 1

Sunday Teenagers

2-6pm

812pm

2-6pm

812pm

2-6pm

812pm

2-6pm

812pm

2-6pm

Tot al

Adults

812pm

Children

2-6pm

Adults

812pm

Children

Saturday Teenagers

Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts) Physical (Fitness Gym)

Muslim

13

3

16

3

7

2

1

4

2

7

4

3

65

Christian

7

0

6

0

0

5

0

1

5

4

5

7

40

Muslim

0

0

0

1

7

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

9

Christian

0

0

0

0

2

0

0

0

0

1

0

3

6

Natural (Park, Open Space)

Muslim

3

4

6

11

20

5

3

1

5

6

12

4

80

Christian

1

0

4

10

7

2

2

1

3

1

10

13

54

Off- Peak Days

812pm

2-6pm

812pm

2-6pm

Muslim

8

6

3

28

4

21

3

3

0

13

Christian

1

3

1

5

2

3

0

0

0

8

Physical (Fitness Gym)

Muslim

0

0

0

0

0

3

0

0

0

Christian

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Muslim

2

16

6

16

15

5

0

0

Christian

2

10

2

4

17

6

0

0

Natural (Park, Open Space)

8

98

0

1 0 2

0

1

0

4

0

0

0

0

0

0

68

10

6

144

0

39

7

5

92

Total

2-6pm

Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts)

Adults 2-6pm

812pm

Friday Teenagers

2-6pm

Children

812pm

Adults

812pm 2-6pm

Children

812pm

WEEK 1

Monday Teenagers

25

Table 5.7 shows the number of users during Peak days and off peak days on the 1st week of August 2009 in the three (3) recreational areas of Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo. As recorded in the table the total number of Muslim users in the three

35

recreational areas are greater than the number of Christians: on the Peak days the total number of Muslims in the social area (tennis courts and basketball courts) have reached 65, while the total count of the Christians in this area is only 40; in the fitness gym, Muslim users are only 9 and there were only 6 Christians; in the Public plaza, Muslims reached 108, while the Christians are only 86. On the off-peak days, there is still a great number of Muslims compared to Christians: in the social recreation area, Muslims reached 98 and Christians are only 25; in the fitness gym, Muslims are 4 but there are no Christians; and in the public plaza Muslims reached 144 and Christians reached 92.

Table 5.8 Number of Users during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on the 2nd Week of August 2009 WEEK 2

Natural (Park, Open Space)

812pm

2-6pm

812pm

2-6pm

812pm

2-6pm

812pm 2-6pm

Adults

2-6pm

Sunday Teenagers

812pm

Children

2-6pm

Adults

812pm Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts) Physical (Fitness Gym)

Children

Total

Peak Days Saturday Teenagers

Muslim

4

3

10

5

8

5

7

3

1

5

4

6

61

Christian

2

1

7

7

5

5

1

0

4

6

6

1

45

Muslim

0

0

1

0

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

4

Christian

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Muslim

7

9

10

6

7

15

6

7

16

6

9

10

108

Christian

6

8

10

4

6

8

5

1

12

5

6

9

86

WEEK 2

2-6pm

812pm

2-6pm

812pm

2-6pm

812pm 2-6pm

Adults

812pm

Friday Teenagers

2-6pm

Children

812pm

Adults

2-6pm

Natural (Park, Open Space)

Monday Teenagers

812pm Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts) Physical (Fitness Gym)

Children

Total

Off- Peak Days

Muslim

0

0

3

2

2

6

1

1

6

0

4

5

30

Christian

0

0

0

1

0

2

0

0

4

1

1

2

11

Muslim

0

0

0

1

0

3

0

0

1

2

0

2

9

Christian

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

0

0

1

2

Muslim

9

15

4

7

10

8

3

1

6

3

5

7

78

Christian

2

1

4

7

8

8

2

0

7

8

4

10

61

36

Table 5.8 lists the number of users, who visited the three recreational areas in Poblacion on the second week of August 2009. In peak days Muslim users in the social recreation area reached 61, while Christians are only 45, in the fitness gym there is 4 Muslims and there’s no Christians, and in the public plaza Muslims reached 108 and Christians reached 86. While on the Off- peak days, in social recreation area Muslims are 30 and Christians are only 30, in the fitness gym Muslim users are 9 and there are only 2 Christians, and in the public plaza Muslims reached 78. And Christians reached 61.

Table 5.9 Number of Users during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on the 3rd Week of August 2009 Peak Days WEEK 3

Sunday Teenagers

2-6pm

812am

2-6pm

812am 2-6pm

812am

2-6pm

812am

2-6pm

Total

Adults

812am

Children

2-6pm

Adults

812am

Children

Saturday Teenagers

Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts) Physical (Fitness Gym)

Muslim

0

3

5

6

2

8

0

3

7

3

0

2

39

Christian

0

0

3

2

1

2

0

0

4

6

0

2

20

Muslim

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

0

0

1

4

8

Christian

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

3

1

4

Natural (Park, Open Space)

Muslim

5

6

11

4

15

10

1

3

6

4

16

10

91

Christian

2

2

5

6

3

14

2

0

2

3

8

10

57

Off- Peak Days WEEK 3

Monday Teenagers

Friday Teenagers

2-6pm

812am

2-6pm

812am 2-6pm

812am

2-6pm

812am

2-6pm

Total

Adults

812am

Childre n

2-6pm

Adults

812am

Children

Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts) Physical (Fitness Gym)

Muslim

0

2

7

3

3

5

1

3

5

6

8

4

47

Christian

0

1

5

6

0

6

0

0

1

5

2

6

32

Muslim

0

0

1

0

0

4

0

0

0

0

1

0

6

Christian

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

Natural (Park, Open Space)

Muslim

3

1

5

7

9

8

0

1

6

3

8

13

64

Christian

1

1

6

3

8

10

0

3

4

5

7

12

60

Table 5.9 shows also the number of Muslim and Christian users on the 3rd week, as recorded, in the Peak days Muslims in the social recreation area reached 39, and 37

Christians reached 20. In the fitness gym, there were 8 Muslims and a total of 4 Christians. In the natural recreation area, there are 91 Muslims and there were only 57 Christians. While on the off peak days, in the social recreation area there were 47 Muslims and 32 Christians in the area. While in the fitness gym, there were 6 Muslims and there are no Christians. In the public plaza there were 64 Muslims and 60 Christians.

Table 5.10 Number of Users during Peak Days and Off-Peak Days on the 4th Week of August 2009 Peak Days WEEK 4

Sunday Teenagers

2-6pm

812am

2-6pm

812am

2-6pm

812am

2-6pm

812am

2-6pm

Total

Adults

812am

Children

2-6pm

Adults

812am

Children

Saturday Teenagers

Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts) Physical (Fitness Gym)

Muslim

1

3

7

3

0

4

0

0

6

2

6

4

36

Christian

0

0

0

2

6

2

0

4

7

1

3

0

25

Muslim

0

0

0

2

0

3

0

1

4

8

3

6

27

Christian

0

0

0

0

3

0

0

0

0

2

0

1

6

Natural (Park, Open Space)

Muslim

7

3

15

3

17

12

3

5

16

9

10

8

108

Christian

1

2

13

7

9

7

4

0

5

9

10

5

72

Off- Peak Days WEEK 4

Monday Teenagers

Friday Teenagers

2-6pm

812am

2-6pm

812am 2-6pm

812am 2-6pm

812am 2-6pm

Total

Adults

812am

Children

2-6pm

Adults

812am

Children

Social (Tennis courts, Basketball courts) Physical (Fitness Gym)

Muslim

0

3

7

1

0

6

0

5

7

3

1

4

37

Christian

1

1

5

3

0

1

1

0

3

2

1

6

24

Muslim

0

0

0

0

1

1

0

0

0

2

0

3

7

Christian

0

0

0

0

0

1

0

0

0

1

1

0

3

Natural (Park, Open Space)

Muslim

9

2

10

4

15

11

4

3

7

13

5

9

92

Christian

1

4

6

10

16

9

1

1

5

3

9

12

77

In the 4th week of August, in Peak Days the total number of Muslims in the social recreation area reached 36 while there were only 25 Christians. In the fitness gym, number Muslims counted 27 and Christians were only 6. In the Poblacion’s public plaza, there were 108 Muslims and 72 Christians. In Off peak days, on the other hand, Muslims 38

in the social recreation area reached 37 while Christians only reached 24. In the fitness gym there were 7 Muslims and 3 Christians and in the public plaza, there were 92 Muslim users and only 77 Christian users. As recorded, from the tables above which shows the frequency of users in terms of their visit in the recreational area inside the community, there is a great difference between the total numbers of Muslims and Christians on each of the indicated Peak Days and Off-Peak Days. The tables shown above shows that during peak days, in the tennis courts and basketball courts, there is a great number of Muslims in the area, like in the first week there’s a total of 65 Muslim users while there are only 40 Christians. In the fitness gym there are 9 Muslims and there are 6 Christians. In the public plaza there were 80 Muslims and 54 Christians. During off-peak days, there were 98 Muslims and 25 Christians in the tennis courts and basketball courts; there were 4 Muslims and no Christian in the fitness gym; and in the natural area there were 144 Muslimwess and only 92 total numbers of Christians. The total number of Muslim users reaches 1,247 in the month of August 2009, and 826 Christian users. An average of 52 Muslims 34 Christians visits the park every day. E. Physical Features of the Three Recreational Areas in Poblacion The following figures are photos which were taken from the photo documentation conducted in the three recreational areas of Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo from the 1st to 4th week of August 2009:

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1. Photos taken during 1st Week of August 2009 a. Natural Recreation Area (Public Plaza) a.1) Peak Days

(a.1.1)

(a.1.3)

(a.1.2)

(a.1.4)

Figure 5.1 Photos taken in public plaza on peak days during the 1st week of observation, August 2009 Figure 5.1 shows the pictures taken during the 1st week of August in Peak Days. (a.1.1) users lying on the benches of one of the sheds in the public plaza (a.1.2) view of the public plaza showing the grandstand (a.1.3) People waiting for a ride sitting on the waiting sheds (a.1.4) view of the waiting shed near the daycare center located in the area and the public toilet.

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a.2) Off Peak Days

(a.2.1)

(a.2.2)

(a.2.3)

(a.2.4)

Figure 5.2 Photos taken in public plaza on off-peak days during the 1st week of observation, August 2009 Figure 5.2 are the photos during off peak days in the 1st week, (a.2.1) Christian people sitting on the waiting sheds (a.2.2) students having lunch on the waiting sheds (a.2.3) Muslim adults talking on the grandstand and (a.2.4) view of the New Municipal Building located near the area.

41

b. Social Recreation Area ( Tennis courts and basketball courts) b.1) Peak Days

(b.1.1)

(b.1.3)

(b.1.2)

(b.1.4)

Figure 5.3 Photos taken in the social recreation area on peak days during the 1st week of observation, August 2009

Figure 5.3 shows the photos in the social recreation area which are the tennis courts and basketball courts during off peak days: (b.1.1) Muslims and Christians playing tennis (b.1.2) far view of the basketball court and old tennis court (b.1.3) covered walk dividing the basketball court and the new tennis court and (b.1.4) Muslim teenagers playing basketball.

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b.2) Off Peak Days

(b.2.1)

(b.2.2)

(b.2.3)

(b.2.4)

Figure 5.4 Photos taken in the social recreation area on off-peak days during the 1st week of observation, August 2009

Figure 5.4 shows the pictures taken during off peak days in the 1st week (b.2.1) view of the old tennis court (b.2.2) a Christian dad walking with his son on the covered walk (b.2.3) view of the new tennis court (b.2.4) Muslim teenagers playing tennis.

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c. Physical Recreation Area (Fitness Gym) c.1) Peak Days

(c.1.1)

(c.1.2)

Figure 5.5 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on peak days during the 1st week of observation, August 2009

Figure 5.5 shows the photos on the fitness gym during peak days (c.1.1) Muslim teenagers lifting ting weights (c.1.2) Muslim teenagers in the fitness gym at noontime. c.2) Off Peak Days

(c.2.1)

(c.2.2)

off-peak peak days Figure 5.6 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on off st during the 1 week of observation, August 2009

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Figure 5.6 shows the pictures taken during off peak days: (c.2.1) interior of the fitness gym showing the facilities available in the area (c.2.2) fitness gym at 5pm in the afternoon. 2. Photos taken during 2nd Week of August 2009 a. Natural Recreation Area (Public Plaza) a.1) Peak Days

(a.1.1)

(a.1.2)

(a.1.3) (a.1.4) Figure 5.7 Photos taken in public plaza on peak days during the 2nd week of observation, August 2009

Figure 5.7 shows the activities of users in the public plaza during the 2nd week of the field observation: (a.1.1) and (a.1.2) shows Muslim and Christian adults sitting and lying

45

in the same side of the plaza. During peak days most of the users are just sitting inside the waiting sheds. No one does jogging or walking.

a.2) Off Peak Days

(a.2.1)

(a.2.2)

(a.2.3)

(a.2.4)

Figure 5.8 Photos taken in public plaza on off-peak days during the 2nd week of observation, August 2009

Figure 5.8 during off peak days most of the visitors in the plaza are high school students from MSU high school near the plaza. Most of the time students would take their lunch on these sheds, talking with their friends, and read books. On the other hand, (a.2.3) and (a.2.4) shows the picture taken during the time when there was an event held in

46

Poblacion. People of the Poblacion would gather on this area in times that there are events in the community just as seen on the pictures.

b.

Social Recreation Area ( Tennis courts and basketball courts) b.1) Peak Days

(b.1.1)

(b.1.2)

(b.1.3)

(b.1.4)

Figure 5.9 Photos taken in the social recreation area on peak days during the 2nd week of observation, August 2009 On peak days this area is usually occupied by Muslim and Christian male adults playing tennis. Muslim male teenagers used the basketball courts more often. Sometimes as seen on the picture (b.1.4) the old tennis court is used by the Muslim residents near the area for their livelihood. 47

b.2) Off Peak Days

(b.2.1)

(b.2.2)

(b.2.3)

(b.2.4)

Figure 5.10 Photos taken in the social recreation area on off-peak days during the 2nd week of observation, August 2009

The photos above show activities of the users during off peak days. Since the facilities available on the area are tennis court most of the activities of the users during off peak days are playing tennis and sitting on the benches. The old tennis court is used by the resident near the area for their livelihood as seen on the picture (b.2.4)

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Physical Recreation Area (Fitness Gym)

c.1) Peak Days

(c.1.1)

(c.1.2)

Figure 5.11 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on peak days during the 2nd week of observation, August 2009 During Peak days, there are only few users especially during daytime as seen in figure 5.11.

c.2) Off Peak Days

(c.2.1)

(c.2.2)

Figure 5.12 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on off-peak days during the 2nd week of observation, August 2009 While in off peak days, the fitness gym is normally empty because only few of the users worked out regularly. Most of the users are Muslim male adults and teenagers. 49

3.

Photos taken during 3rd Week of August 2009 a. Natural Recreation Area (Public Plaza) a.1) Peak Days

(a.1.1)

(a.1.2)

(a.1.3)

(a.1.4)

Figure 5.13 Photos taken in public plaza on peak days during the 3rd week of observation, August 2009

Figure 5.14 shows the users activities on the 3rd week of August. In peak days, as seen on the pictures above, activities from the other weeks are just the same as the 3rd week.

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a.2) Off Peak Days

(a.2.1)

(a.2.2)

(a.2.3)

(a.2.4)

Figure 5.14 Photos taken in public plaza on off-peak days during the 3rd week of observation, August 2009

Just like the other week, most of the users in the plaza during off peak days are students as seen in Figure 5.14 and sometimes at noon time, (a.2.2) children would play inside the sheds instead on the ground because there are no facilities provided for them to play. There were only few trees on the area especially in the field that is why most of the users will just stay inside the waiting sheds.

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b. Social Recreation Area ( Tennis courts and basketball courts) b.1) Peak Days

(b.1.1)

(b.1.2)

(b.1.3)

(b.1.4)

Figure 5.15 Photos taken in the social recreation area on peak days during the 3rd week of observation, August 2009 The Social recreation area is sometimes empty especially during daytime. Picture in (b.1.4) shows the children in the daycare center located near the area. They would play on that area most of the time during school days, there are no playgrounds provided for them.

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b.2) Off Peak Days

(b.2.1)

(b.2.2)

(b.2.3)

(b.2.4)

Figure 5.16 taken in the social recreation area on off-peak days during the 3rd week of observation, August 2009

There are times during off peak days like Mondays and Fridays that the social recreation area like the tennis courts and the basketball courts are unoccupied and empty.

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c.

Physical Recreation Area (Fitness Gym) c.1) Peak Days

(c.1.1)

(c.1.2)

Figure 5.17 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on peak days during the 3rd week of observation, August 2009

Users of the fitness gym are just the same as the other week, and there are only few of them. They were doing the same activity as the other week. There were no gym instructors on the place but everyone is free to use every facilities. c.2) Off Peak Days

(c.2.1)

(c.2.2)

Figure 5.18 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on off-peak days during the 3rd week of observation, August 2009 54

Most of the users during off peak days are Muslims, Figure 5.18 are photos taken between 8am-12pm there were only two users found in the area.

4. Photos taken during 4th Week of August 2009 a. Natural Recreation Area (Public Plaza) a.1) Peak Days

(a.1.1)

(a.1.2)

(a.1.3)

(a.1.4)

Figure 5.19 Photos taken in public plaza on peak days during the 4th week of observation, August 2009

Figure 5.19 shows the activities of Muslim and Christian users in the public plaza, (a.1.1) shows Christian people sitting and sleeping on the waiting sheds; (a.1.2) Muslim and 55

Christian moms with their children; (a.1.3) Christian adult sitting on one of the sheds; (a.1.4) at front Muslim children playing on one of the sheds and at the back are Christian high school students talking and laughing with one another.

a.2) Off Peak Days

(a.2.1)

(a.2.2)

(a.2.3)

(a.2.4)

Figure 5.20 Photos taken in public plaza on off-peak days during the 4th week of observation, August 2009

As seen in the picture above (a.2.2) vendors would situate themselves in one corner of the plaza making it look like a “taboan”, a place where vegetables and fruits are displayed; (a.2.4) students would always pass in the plaza with their friends and costudents when they go home from school. 56

b. Social Recreation Area ( Tennis courts and basketball courts) b.1) Peak Days

(b.1.1)

(b.1.2)

(b.1.3)

(b.1.4)

Figure 5.21 Photos taken in the social recreation area on peak days during the 4th week of observation, August 2009 Figure 5.21 are photos taken in the 4th week of August on Peak days; (b.1.1) an adult Christian playing tennis; (b.1.2) Muslim Male sleeping on the tennis court’s bench; (b.1.3) Muslim and Christian Male playing tennis; (b.1.4) Muslim Children playing at the covered walk.

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b.2) Off Peak Days

(b.2.1)

(b.2.2)

(b.2.3)

(b.2.4)

Figure 5.22 Photos taken in the social recreation area on off-peak days during the 4th week of observation, August 2009 Figure 5.22 photos taken on off peak days; (b.2.1) Muslim children playing at the covered walk; (b.2.2) Muslim teenagers playing basketball; (b.2.3) front: Muslim teenager and back: Christian adult playing tennis; (b.2.4) view of the covered walk.

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c.

Physical Recreation Area (Fitness Gym)

c.1) Peak Days

(c.1.1)

(c.1.2)

Figure 5.23 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on peak days during the 4th week of observation, August 2009

(c.1.1) view of the fitness gym between 8am-12pm and (c.1.2) at 2pm-6pm, the gym is occupied by its common users, like the other weeks. c.2) Off Peak Days

(c.2.1)

(c.2.2)

Figure 5.24 Photos taken in the physical recreation area on off-peak days during the 4th week of observation, August 2009

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Pictures (c.2.1) are the view of the fitness gym between 8am-12NN; and (c.2.2) view of the gym at 2pm-6pm.

F. User’s Rating of Preference on their Preferred Recreational Activities

From the results of the survey conducted by the researcher, the user’s rating of preference on each of the activities is obtained; the respondents rated one (1) for their least preferred activities and 10 for their most preferred activities, and five (5) is acceptable. The figures below are the graphs that show the activities which are most preferred and least preferred by the respondents on their community. Each of the graphs contains the children’s preference (Muslim and Christian), the teenagers’ preference (Muslim and Christian) and the preference of the adults - Muslim and Christian adults. The rating is based on the number of users. The activity is interpreted based from the number of the users or the size of the users who preferred that certain activity.

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Figure 5.25 Users’ rating of preference in swimming

Figure 5.25 shows the users’ rating of preference in swimming. As seen on the graph, the children’s preference rating result is high compared to teenagers and adults; there were 9 Muslim children rated this activity as their most preferred with the rate of nine (9). There are also 9 children rated it as acceptable. In the teenagers’ preference, both the Muslims and Christians gave a highest rate of 5 in swimming which is acceptable. However, there are also 5 Muslim teenagers rated it 10, aside from the 6 teenagers who gave the rate of 5. On the other hand, the Muslim adults, 8 of them rate it 6 and 7. While the highest rate of the Christian adults is 6.

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Figure 5.26 Users’ rating of preference in tennis

Figure 5.26 shows the users’ rating of preference in tennis. In the Children’s rating of preference, nine(9) Muslim children rated 9 and only two of them considered tennis as their least preferred activity. And also nine (9) of the Christian children rated it as acceptable and preferable activity. In the teenagers’ rating of preference, the highest rating of Muslim teenagers is 5 which is acceptable, while the highest rate of Christian teenagers is 4 which is not acceptable. In the adults, there were 5 Muslims rated this activity as their most preferred activity with the rate of 10, however there were also 5 Muslim adults rated it 4. In the case of the Christian adults, the highest rating is 6. Three of them also rated it as their most preferred activity.

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Figure 5.27 Users’ rating of preference in fitness gym

Figure 5.27 shows the Users’ rating of preference in fitness gym. As seen on the graph, both Muslim and Christian children consider this activity as their least preferred activity in the community. Twenty four (24) Muslim children rated it 1 and 16 in Christian children. In the teenagers rating of preference, the highest rating of the Muslim teenagers is 4 and the highest rating for the Christians is 2. The rating of preference of the adult respondents for the fitness gym shows that only 4 of them preferred this activity most and there were also 4 Muslim adults who less preferred this activity, while 5 Christian respondents rated 1 and there were also 5 Christian adults rated 5 on this activity.

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Figure 5.28 Users’ rating of preference in spa/salon

Figure 5.28 also shows the users’ rating of preference in spa/salon. As seen in the graph, 26 of the Muslim children rated this activity with the rate of 1 and 19 of the Christian children also rated it 1. Only 4 of the Muslim teenagers rated it 5 as the highest and 15 Christians rated this activity with the rate of 2, 3, and 4. And also, the highest rate of the Muslim adults is 1, which is composed of 6 individuals. On the other hand, there were 8 Christian adults rated 1 and only 1 Christian adult rated 10 on this activity.

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Figure 5.29 Users’ rating of preference in biking

Figure 5.29 shows the users’ rating of preference in biking. This activity has the highest rate of 10 in Muslim Children, which composed of ten (10) children. And nine of them also rated this activity with the rate of 5 which is acceptable. Christian children’s highest rate is also 10 which is composed of seven (7) of them. In the case of the teenagers, for the Muslims, this activity is preferable and 5 of them rated 10, and only 2 kids don’t prefer this activity. For the Christian children, the highest number who prefers this activity is seven (7) with the rate of 10. For the teenagers, the highest rate is also 10 which composed of 5Muslim individuals. The highest rate of the Christian teenagers with 12 teenagers is 5, 7, and 8 which means it is highly preferable for them. For the adults, 8 Muslim adults rated this activity with the rate of 6 and 7. And the highest rate for the Christian adults is 5. 65

Figure 5.30 Users’ rating of preference in playing at playground

Figure 5.30 shows the users’ rating of preference in playing at playground. It is clearly shown in the graph that the rating of the Muslim and Christian children on this activity is high. Ten (10) of the Muslims rated this activity 10 and 16 Christians also rated this activity with the rate of 10. In the case of teenagers, 5 Muslim teenagers rated 9 and there are also 5 who rated 10 in playing at playgrounds as their most preferred activity. There were equal numbers of Christian teenager respondents who rated 4, 8, and 10. There is also an equal number of Muslim teenagers who rated 5 and 8 on this activity, with a total of 8 individuals, while the highest rate and with the highest number of votes of Christian adults is 5, and which is acceptable and still preferable activity.

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Figure 5.31 Users’ rating of preference in basketball

Figure 5.31 shows the users’ rating of preference in basketball. The graph shows that the Muslim Children rated very low on this activity, a total of 9 children rated 1 on basketball. And the same as the Christian children, 8 children also rated 1 on this activity. While the Muslim teenagers’ rate is high, and so is the Christians, they most prefer it- with 6 Muslims who gave the rate of 10 and 7 Christians also rated 10 on this activity. In the case of the adults, 4 Muslim adults rated 1, but there were 5 of them rated 10 with the highest number of votes. In the Christian adults there are also 4 of them rated 1 on this activity and there were 5 rated it 7.

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Figure 5.32 Users’ rating of preference in baseball

Figure 5.32 shows the users’ rating of preference in baseball. The graph shows that most Children –Muslims or Christians don’t prefer baseball as a recreational activity in the community; 7 Muslim children rated 1 and 10 Christians also rated 1 on this activity. In the teenagers the number of individuals who rated 4 and 10 is the same, 5 individuals rated 4 for baseball and also 5 Muslim teenagers rated 10 on this activity. For the Christian teenagers, the highest rate is 5 with the highest number of votes. For the adult Muslims, they less prefer this activity with 5 Muslims who rated it 1. The same as the Christian adults’ preference, 9 of them rated 1 on baseball.

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Figure 5.33 Users’ rating of preference in soccer

Figure 5.33 shows the users’ rating of preference in soccer. As seen in the graph, there were 12 Muslim children who rate this activity, 1. There were 8 Christian children who also rated 1 on this activity. For the teenagers, 5 Muslim teenagers rated 1, meaning they less prefer this activity. For the Christian teenagers, 5 of them rated on this activity with 5, which means soccer is acceptable and still preferable for them. For the adults the rate who got the highest preference is 1, which implies that they less prefer this activity. The Christian adults, 9 of them rated soccer a rate of 1.

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Figure 5.34 Users’ rating of preference in walking for pleasure

Figure 5.34 shows the users’ rating of preference in walking for pleasure. Muslim children, as seen on the graph, there were 7 of them who rated this activity with 1. However there were also 6 individuals who gave a rate of 10. For the Christian children the highest rate is 7 which is composed of 6 people. Muslim teenagers rated this activity very low, only 2, rated it with 10, and 3 rated this activity with 1. But for the Christian teenagers, walking for pleasure was not preferred by them. Seven (7) from them rated this activity with the rate of 3, still not preferable.

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Figure 5.35 Users’ rating of preference in eating

Figure 5.35 shows the users’ rating of preference in eating. It is very clear on the graph that these people considered eating as preferable recreational and leisure activity. As there were 21 Muslim children rated 10, 16 in Christians. For the teens, 11 of them gave 10 on this activity and 12 in Christians also rated it with 10. For the adults, for the Muslims Eating is the most preferable activity for them, with 8 of them gave the rate of 10. And for the Christian adults, 10 individuals rated eating with the rate of 8, this rating got the highest number of votes, meaning many of them preferred this activity on their community.

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Figure 5.36 Users’ rating of preference in painting

Figure 5.36 shows the users’ rating of preference in painting. Many of the Muslim children less prefer this activity, with 7 of them rated it with 1. Five (5) Muslim children rated it with 1, and there were also who rated it with 4, which is still not acceptable. For the Muslim teenagers 9 of them gave the rate of 5, 6 and 7. And for the Christian teenagers this activity is preferable, with 5 of them gave the rate of 8 on this activity. The same as the other group’s preference, Muslim adults rated painting as less preferable with 5 individuals gave the rate of 3. And for the Christian adults, 6 from this group rated 1 on Painting.

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Figure 5.37 Users’ rating of preference in billiards

Figure 5.37 shows the users’ rating of preference in billiards, 11 Muslim children rated it with 1 and 12 from the Christian also gave the rate of one. For the teenagers it is also less preferable, with 5 of the Muslims gave a rate of 4 on this activity, and 4 Christians rated it with 2. The same case as the Adults, 6 Muslim adults rated 1, and 5 from the Christians also rated this activity with 1. Only shows that billiards is less preferable activity for all groups.

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Figure 5.38 Users’ rating of preference in reading books/magazines

Figure 5.38 shows the users’ rating of preference in reading books/magazines. For the Muslim children, many of them likes to read, 11 from this group gave the rate of 10 and also 8 from the Christians gave the highest rate with the highest number of people, with a rate of 10. The same with teenagers, 6 Muslims and 7 Christians rated 10 on reading. For the adults there were also 6 Muslim adults gave the rate of 10, and the highest rate for the Christian adults is 8, which is composed of 9 individuals.

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Figure 5.39 Users’ rating of preference in jogging

Figure 5.39 shows the users’ rating of preference in jogging. There were 6 Muslim children rated it with 1, and also 6 from the Christian group rated it with 3. For the Muslim teenagers, 5 from them gave the rate of 6 for this activity. And there were also 9 from the Christians gave the rate of 6 for Jogging. For the adults, 5 Muslim adults rated 3, and also 5 of them rated 8, but there were 5 who gave the rate of 5 on this activity, which still means that jogging is a preferable activity for the adults. For the Christian adults the highest rate is 5, which also composed of 5 individuals.

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Figure 5.40 Users’ rating of preference in fishing

Figure 5.40 shows the users’ rating of preference in fishing. As seen on the graph, 10 Muslim children rated this activity with 1 and 9 Christians also less prefer this activity with 9 of them gave 1 on this activity. For the Muslim teenagers 5 of them rated 1, but 5 Christians rated 6. For the Muslim adults, 5 individuals rated 5 and there were also 5 of them gave the rate of 5 for fishing. For the Christian adults, the highest number rated 1 for this activity.

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Figure 5.41 Users’ rating of preference in Picnicking

Figure 5.41 shows the users’ rating of preference in picnicking. 7 Muslim children gave 1 and 9 from Christians also gave the rate of 1 for this activity. For the teenagers, 4 Muslims rated it with 4, but there are also 4 of them rated 9 for picnicking at the public plaza. For the Christian teenagers 5 of them rated this activity with 5, which mean it is still preferable for them. For the adults, 4 Muslim adults gave 6 and also 4 individuals gave the rate of 8 forpicnicking. But for the Christians, there were 5 who rated it with 2.

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Figure 5.42 Users’ rating of preference in rock climbing

Figure 5.42 shows the users’ rating of preference in rock climbing; it is clear on the graph that Muslim and Christian children don’t prefer this activity for them. For the teenagers, 4 Muslims rated 4 and 6 Christians gave the rate of 3, still this activity is less preferable for the teenagers. The same with the adults, 4 Muslim adults rated it with 4 and there were 6 Christians rated it with 1.

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Figure 5.43 Users’ rating of preference in boating

Figure 5.43 shows the users’ rating of preference in boating. There were 10 Muslim children who less preferred this activity and 6 from the Christians also gave the rate of 1 for this activity. However there were also 5 Christian children who gave 5 for this activity. For the teenagers, there were 5 Muslims rated it with 5. For the Christian teenagers, 4 rated this with the rate of 6 and also 4 individuals gave the rate of 8. For the adults, 4 of the Muslim adults rated this activity with the rate of 1, and 6 Christian adults also rated it with the rate of 1 which means it is less preferable activity for them.

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Figure 5.44 Users’ rating of preference in visiting nature centers

Figure 5.44 shows the users’ rating of preference in visiting nature centers. There were 18 Muslim children who gave the rate of 1 on this activity. And 3 Christian children gave the rate of 1 and also there were 3 who gave the rate of 3 for this activity. For the teenagers, 5 Muslim teenagers rated this activity with 5 and from the Christians there were 3 rated it with 1, and 4 rated it with 3, only 4 of them rated 9 for this activity. As also seen on the graph, it is clear that many from the adults group preferred this activity.

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Figure 5.45 Users’ rating of preference in indoor tennis

Figure 5.45 shows the users’ rating of preference in indoor tennis. The graph shows that Muslim and Christian children both consider this activity as less preferable. For the teenagers, 4 Muslim teenagers rated this activity with 5, and 5 from the Christians rated this activity with 3. For the adults, there were 4 Muslim adults rated 4. And there were 5 Christians rated it with 5, however 4 from them gave 1 and also there were 4 gave the rate of 4 on this activity.

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Figure 5.46 Users’ rating of preference in artificial wall climbing

Figure 5.46 shows the users’ rating of preference in artificial wall climbing. It is very clear on the graph that majority of the users from children, teenagers and adults’ group less preferred artificial wall climbing as their recreational activity in their community.

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Figure 5.47 Users’ rating of preference in computer games/internet

Figure 5.47 shows the uses’ rating of preference in computer games/Internet. Majority of the Muslim and Christian children gave the rate of 1 on this activity. But majority of the from the teenagers group rated high for this activity, with the highest of 5 Muslim individuals rated it with 9 and 4 Christians rated it with 10. For the adults 6 from the Muslim group rated this activity with 5. And for the Christian adults, there were 6 who gave the rate of 9 and 5 individuals also gave the rate of 5.

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Figure 5.48 Users’ rating of preference in photography

Figure 5.48 shows the users’ rating of preference in photography. It is very clear on the graph that majority of the Children, both Muslim and Christian rated very low for this activity- 9 Muslims and 10 Christians gave 1. In the teenagers, many Muslim teenagers preferred this activity, and also for the Christian teenagers, 4 of them rated this activity with the highest rate of 10. For Muslim adults many of them less prefer this activity and the same with the Christian adults.

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Figure 5.49 Users’ rating of preference in chess

Figure 5.49 shows the users’ rating of preference in chess. Many of the Muslim children less prefer this activity but many of the Christian adults considered chess as a preferable activity. For the teenagers majority of them preferred this activity with 5 of the Muslims rated it with 10 and only 5 from the Christians rated it 1. The same with the adults, many of them preferred this activity, both Muslims and Christians.

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Figure 5.50 Users’ rating of preference in Philippine games

Figure 5.50 shows the users’ rating of preference in Philippine games. The graph shows that majority of the children; both Muslim and Christian rated high for Philippines games, with a highest rate of 10. The same case with teenagers many of them still preferred this activity as shown in the graph. For the adults, though only few had voted on this activity the graph still shows that Muslim and Christian adults still consider this activity as preferable.

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G. The Linking and Non Non-linking Activities of Muslims and Christians in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte

Linking And Non Non-linking Activities of Muslim and Christian Non-linking Activities Linking Activities 13 %

87 %

Baseball Picnicking

Swimming Tennis Fitness gym Biking Playing at playground Basketball Walking for pleasure Eating Reading books/magazines Jogging Computer games/internet Chess Philippine games

Figure 5.51 Percentage of the linking and non non-linking activities Muslims and Christians Figure 5.51 shows the percentage of the linking and non non-linking linking activities of Muslims and Christians in Poblacion. The linking activities are swim swimming, ming, tennis, fitness gym, biking, playing at playground, basketball, walking for pleasure, eating, reading books/magazines, jogging, computer games/internet, chess and Philippine games. These linking activities are 87% of the activities of Muslims and Chr Christians istians in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte. The remaining 13% of the activities are baseball and picnicking.

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CHAPTER VI DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF MAJOR FINDINGS

A. Data Interpretation and Analysis There are three (3) recreational spaces in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo that was provided by the municipality, these are the fitness gym, the public plaza, and the social area composing of the tennis courts and the basketball court. From the first week to the fourth week of the field observation, the researcher found out that there were great numbers of Muslims in the recreational areas than of the Christians. The data also shows that on these three (3) recreational areas, the activities of the users from the 1st week to 4th week in the month of August are were just the same. The users are limited on these areas and recreational facilities. From the result of the survey that has been conducted in the area, the study found out that the Muslim and Christian people residing in Poblacion has different recreational and leisure activities that they want to perform inside their community . Out of the 26 activities that were listed in the survey questionnaires (see appendix), there are 15 recreational activities that most of the respondents selected as the activities that they do and they want to do in their community. These activities includes swimming, tennis, fitness gym, biking, playing at playground, basketball, baseball, walking for pleasure, eating, reading books and magazines, jogging, computer games/internet, chess, Philippine games and picnicking at the park. However out of the 15 activities of the people in Poblacion there are about 13% of the activities that 88

has found to be not helpful in building harmonious interaction between the two opposing groups- these are Baseball and Picnicking at the park. The remaining 87% of the activities has found out to be the activities that connect the Muslims and Christians in the community. These linking activities are further discussed in the following tables and figures below.

1. Linking and Disjoining Activities Recreational and Leisure Experience are one of the vital aspects of a strong community. Recreational facilities should be provided in such a way that it could uplift not only the lives of the people in the community but also it could help in creating peace and harmony within the community especially to the multicultural community like Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo. In order to achieve this, the linking and the disjoining activities of the different type of communities should be identified first. Based from the calculations, the results of the second question from the questionnaire which is “What are Common Activities do the respondents do with their Christian and Muslim friends”, the results with 50% below the total population are considered as the disjoining recreational activities, and 50% above the total population of a Muslim or Christian group are considered as linking activities of the Muslim and Christian community. The analysis is categorized based on age level:

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Table 6.1 Linking Activities of Muslim and Christian Children by Percentage Linking Activities Muslim (%) Christian (%) (Total=30) (Total=30) 1) Biking 70 60 2) Playing at Playgrounds 3) Basketball 4) Reading Books/Magazines 5) Philippine games

90

100

60

70

50

60

100

100

Table 6.1 shows the List of the Linking Activities of Muslim and Christian children. Seventy percent (70%) of the total population of the Muslim children plays bicycle with their Christian/Muslim friends, 60% of the total population of Christians also plays bicycle with their Muslim/Christian friends; playing at playgrounds also one of the common activities of both Muslim and Christian respondents, 90% of the total population of the Muslim respondents likes to play in the playgrounds and 100% of the total population of Christian respondent plays in the playground with their Muslim and Christian friends. And 60 % of the total Muslim respondents play basketball with Christian friends and 70% of Christians also play basketball with their Muslim friends. Fifty percent (50%) of the Muslim children want to read books with their friends, and 60% of the Christian also likes to read with their Muslim/Christian friends. While 100% of the Muslim Children respondents play Philippine games with either of their Muslim or Christian friends, the same as the Christian children, 100% of their total population plays Philippine games with either of their Muslim and Christian friends. Philippine

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games includes “labay-lata”, ‘tago-tagoan”, “patintero”, “slipper game”,” habolan”,” Chinese garter”, and “luksong baka”. Activities like swimming, tennis, fitness gym, spa/salon, baseball, soccer, computer games/internet, walking for pleasure, painting, billiards, jogging, fishing, picnicking, rock climbing, boating, visiting nature centers, indoor tennis, artificial wall climbing, photography and chess are activities that got 50% below of the total population of Muslim and Christian children and therefore considered as the disjoining activity of the Muslim and Christian children. Table 6.2 Linking Activities of Muslim and Christian Teenagers by Percentage Linking Activities Muslim (%) Christian (%) (Total=30) (Total=30) 1) Swimming 80 50 2) Tennis

60

60

3) Basketball

60

60

4) Biking

80

70

5) Eating

80

60

6) Reading Books/Magazines 7) Computer Games/Internet 8) Photography

90

90

80

90

80

70

9) Chess

60

70

10) Philippine Games

50

60

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For the Teenagers category, 80% of the total Muslim teenager respondents love swimming with Muslim/Christian friends, while there were 50 % of the total Christian teenager respondents do swimming with their Muslim or Christian friends. Sixty percent (60%) of the Male Muslim respondents and 60% of the Male Christians plays tennis and basketball. Eighty percent (80%) of the Muslim Teenage respondents and 70 % of the Christians loves biking with either of their Muslim or Christian friends. Eighty percent (80%) of the Muslim and 60% of the Christians love to eat together with other Muslim and Christian Friends. Ninety percent (90%) of the Muslim and 90% of the Christian respondents love to read books and magazines. Eighty percent (80%) of the Muslim and 90% of the Christians go to internet cafes. Eighty percent (80%) of the Muslim and 70% of the Christian teenager respondents loves taking pictures with their friends. Sixty percent (60%) of the Muslim teenagers play chess and 70% of the Christian teenagers also play tennis with their Christian or Muslim friends. Fifty percent (50%) of the Muslim Teenagers and 60% of the Christian teenagers still loves to play different Philippine games with their Muslim and Christian friends. Activities like soccer, walking for pleasure, eating , painting, billiards, jogging, fishing, fitness gym, spa/salon, playing at playgrounds, baseball, rock climbing, boating, visiting nature centers, indoor tennis, and artificial wall climbing got below fifty percent (50%) of the ratings of the teenager respondents.

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Table 6.3 Linking Activities of Muslim and Christian Adults by Percentage Linking Activities Muslim (%) Christian (%) (Total=30) (Total=30) 1) Tennis 60 50 2) Fitness Gym

60

50

3) Eating

80

90

4) Reading Books/Magazines 5) Chess

80

90

60

70

6) Jogging

70

80

7) Walking

70

80

For the adult respondents 60% of the male Muslim adults and 50% of the Christians play tennis with either of their Muslim or Christian friends. Fifty five percent (55%) of the Muslim Adults and 50% of the Christians goes to fitness gym. Eighty percent (80%) of the Muslim adults and 90% of the Christian adults wants to eat with their Muslim or Christian friends. Eighty percent (80%) of the Muslim adults love to read books and 85% of the Christians also love to read. Sixty percent (60%) of the Male Muslim adults and 70% of the Christians play chess. Seventy percent (70%) of the Muslim adults and 80% of the Christian adults love to jog and walk. Activities like swimming, spa/salon, biking, playing at playgrounds, basketball, baseball, soccer, painting, billiards, fishing, pool swimming, rock climbing, boating, visiting nature

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centers, indoor tennis, artificial wall climbing, computer games/surfing internet, photography, and Philippine games got below 50% rate of the respondents.

2. Preferential rating of respondents on their most and least preferred recreational activities. To support the results on the tables above above, the results only shows that it coincide to the users’ sers’ preferential rating of their common activities.

2.1 Children’s rating of preference

12 1 -Least Least Preferred 10

2 3

8

4 6

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

4

7 8

2

9 0

10 -Most Most Preferred Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.1 Preferential rating of children in biking

6.1, most of the Muslim and Christian children rated high in As seen on the Figure 6.1 biking. iking. Both of them most preferred this recreational activity.

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18 16

1 -Least Least Preferred

14

2

12

3 4

10

5 -Acceptable Acceptable

8

6 6

7

4

8

2

9

0

10 -Most Most preferred Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.2 Preferential rating of children in playing at p playground layground Fig. 6.2 shows hows the rating of children on playing at p playgrounds. laygrounds. As seen on the figure, large number of Muslim children rate it 10. And most of the Christian children also rated this activity as their eir most preferred activity.

10 9

1 -Least Least Preferred

8

2

7

3

6

4

5

5 -Acceptable Acceptable

4

6

3

7

2

8

1

9

0

10 -Most Most Preferred Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.3 Preferential rating of children in basketball

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Table 6.1 on this chapter (see Table 6.1) shows that only 60 % of the total number of Muslim respondents plays basketball with their friends and 70% of the Christian children also play basketball. The pr preferential rating in Figure 6.3 shows that both Muslim and Christian rated very low on this activity. Therefore this activity can exist in both groups but this activity would not join the two groups.

12 1-Least Least Preferred

10

2 3

8

4 6

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

4

7 8

2

9 10 -Most Most preferred

0 Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.4 Preferential Rating of children in reading books/m books/magazines agazines

Figure 6.4 shows the rating of children on Reading Books and magazines. As seen on the figure, large number of Muslim children rated it 10, meaning this activity are highly preferable for them. And nd also large number of Christian children rated it 10.

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25 1 -Least Least Preferred 20

2 3

15

4 5 -Acceptable Acceptable

10

6 7

5

8 9

0

10 -Most Preferred Muslim

Christian

ames Figure 6.5 Preferential rating of children in Philippine ggames

Figure 6.5 Implies that both Muslim and Christian prefer this recreational activity.

2.2 Preferential rating of teenagers on their most and least preferred recreational activities. 10 1 -Least Least Preferred

9 8

2

7

3

6

4

5

5 -Acceptable Acceptable

4

6

3

7

2

8

1

9

0 Muslim

Christian

10 -Most Most Preferred

wimming Figure 6.6 Preferential rating of teenagers in swimming

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Figure 6.6 show that swimming is a preferable and acceptable activity for Muslim. This agrees to table 6.2 that 80% of the Muslim responden respondents ts loves swimming and Most Christians rate this activity as their least preferred, with a rate of 4. 7

1 -Least Least Preferred

6

2

5

3 4

4

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 3

6

2

7

1

8

0

9 Muslim

Christian

10 -Most Most Preferred

Figure ure 6.7 Preferential rating of teenagers in tennis Figure 6.7 show that for Muslim, tennis is preferable and acceptable activity. While many rated 3 in Christian teenagers. 6 1 -Least Least preferred 5

2 3

4

4 3

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

2

7 8

1

9 0

10 -Most Most Preferred Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.8 Preferential rating of teenagers in biking

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For Muslim and Christian tteenagers, as seen in figure 6.8,, Biking is highly preferable activity for them to interact. teract.

8 1 -Least Least preferred

7

2 6

3

5

4

4

5 -Acceptable Acceptable

3

6

2

7 8

1

9 0

10 -Most Most Preferred Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.9 Preferential Rating of Teenagers in Basketball

The figure above shows that both Muslim and Christian teenagers considered basketball as a recreational activity that would enable them to interact. 14 1 -Least Least Preferred

12

2 10

3 4

8

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

6 7

4

8 2

9 10 -Most Most Preferred

0 Muslim

Christian

Figure gure 6.10 Preferential rating of teenagers in eating 99

Figure 6.10 only shows that both Muslim and Christian teenagers could interact on this activity. Both groups rated eating as their most preferred activity to which they could possibly interact with one another.

8 7

1 -least least Preferred

6

2 3

5

4

4

5 -Acceptable Acceptable

3

6 7

2

8

1

9

0

10 -Most Most preferred Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.11 Preferential rating of teenagers in reading books/m books/magazines

Figure 6.11 also shows that reading books and magazines could possibly connect the two groups through learning. Both groups rated high on this activity as one of their most preferred recreational activity.

100

6 1 -Least Least Preferred 5

2 3

4

4 3

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

2

7 8

1

9 0

10 -Most Most Preferred Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.12 Preferential rating of teenagers iin computer (internet surfing/games) urfing/games)

Figure 6.12 only shows that Muslim and Christian could Interact through Internet surfing/games. Both groups rated high on this activity.

4.5 4

1 -Least Least Preferred 2

3.5

3

3

4

2.5

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 2

6

1.5

7

1

8

0.5

9 10 -Most Most Preferred

0 Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.13 Preferential rating of teenagers in photography hotography

101

Both groups love taking pictures with their friends as seen in figure 6.13.. Aesthetic in proposed design project would be strongly considered for both groups require a good environment for them to appreciate. 6 1 - Least Preferred

5

2 3

4

4 3

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

2

7 8

1

9 10 -Most Preferred

0 Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.14 Preferential rating of teenagers in chess

Figure 6.14 implies that most Muslim teenagers love to play chess. But not all Christians prefer this activity as their most preferred activity, 5 of them rated 1 which means that both groups play chess but this activity is highly preferable to Muslim teenager teenagers.

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12 1 -Least Least Preferred 10

2 3

8

4 6

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

4

7 8

2

9 0

10 -Most preferred Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.15 Preferential rating of teenagers in Philippine ggames ames

The figure above shows that both Muslim and Christian teenagers still preferred Philippine games as activities for them to possibly interact with one another. Both groups rated high on this activity.

103

2.3 Preferential rating of the Adult respondents on their most and least preferred recreational activities.

6

1 -Least Least preferred 2

5

3

4

4 3

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

2

7 1

8

0

9 Muslim

Christian

10 -Most Most Preferred

Figure 6.1 6.16 Preferential rating of adults in tennis Figure 6.16 shows that Muslim and Christian adults especially the male adults could interact harmoniously in playing tennis. 6 1 -Least Least preferred 5

2 3

4

4 3

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

2

7 8

1

9 0

10 -Most Most Preferred Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.17 Preferential rating of adults in fitness gym

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The figure above shows an uneven distribution of the users’ rate on this activity. There were 4 Muslim adults who rated 4 on this activity, and also there were 4 who rated it 10. On the other hand, 5 Christian adults rated 1 on this activity, and 5 rated it as an acceptable and still preferable activity for them to interact. A According ccording to one respondent during the survey interview, this activity requires more strength and effort compared to the other but still an activity where everyone can enjoy and recreate. Therefore fitness gym could still be a possible facility for the adul adultt Muslims and Christians to interact harmoniously with one another.

8 7

1 -Least Least Preferred 2

6

3

5

4

4

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

3

7 2

8

1

9 10 -Most Most Preferred

0 Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.18 Preferential rating of adults in walking for p pleasure leasure

Figure 6.18 implies that walking is one of the activities where Both Muslim adults and Christian adults could interact harmoniously with each other. Both Muslim and Christian adults rated high on this activity.

105

12 1 -Least Least preferred

10

2 3

8

4 6

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

4

7 8

2

9 10 -Most Most Preferred

0 Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.19 Preferential rating of adults in eating

Figure 6.19 means that eating is also one of the linking activities where the two groups could meet and interact. Both of them rated high on this activity as their recreational activities where they could interact with the other group. 10 9

1 -Least Least Preferred

8

2

7

3

6

4

5

5 -Acceptable Acceptable

4

6

3

7

2

8

1

9

0

10 -Most Most Preferred Muslim

Christian

Figure 6.20 Pref Preferential rating of adults in reading books/magazines agazines 106

Figure 6.20 shows that both groups rated high on this activity and therefore reading is one of the activities that could link the two groups groups,, where in they could be situated in a place without the feelingg of being alienated from the opposite group.

6

1 -Least Least Preferred 2

5

3

4

4 3

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

2

7 1

8

0

9 Muslim

Christian

10 -Most Most Preferred

Figure 6.21 Preferential rating of adults in jogging

Figure 6.21 suggests Muslim and Christian adults could meet and interact harmoniously through jogging, for mostly both of them rated this activity as a preferable way wherein they both of them could perform this activity without being alienated from each other.

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6 1-Least Least Preferred 5

2 3

4

4 3

5 -Acceptable Acceptable 6

2

7 1

8 9

0 Muslim

Christian

10 -Most Preferred

Figure ure 6.22 Preferential rating of adults in chess

The highest rate of Muslim adult in chess is 5, which means that this activity is acceptable and still preferable for them. The same with Christian adults, there were 4 who rated 1 and there were also 4 Chr Christian istian adults who rated this activity with the rate of seven (7).

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CHAPTER VII PRESENT CONDITION ANALYSIS

A. Site Analysis The site for recreational and leisure facilities should be selected appropriately. The selection of the site for recreational facility has many factors to consider. Available acreage and good road access, proximity and access to national highways, favorable subsoil conditions, and water supply and the population of Muslims and Christians in the community. One of the important criterions is the population of Muslim and Christians in the area. For the purpose of the study, the site/ area should contain a multicultural community where an almost equal population of Muslims and Christians exist. The Site Chosen: Barangay Poblacion, Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte

Figure 7.1 Location map of Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte 109

Figure 7.2 Location Map of Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo

110

Site

Figure 7.3 Location Map of the Site; Recreational area in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte

Barangay Poblacion is one of the 37 barangay in Sultan Naga Dimaporo Lanao del Norte.. It has a total land area of 552.93 has. The site is located at the recreational area in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo as shown in Figure 7.3. The Poblacion has an estimated number of 710 households. Generally, it s the center and the urban area of the Municipality of Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte. od access from the concrete road. Resources such as water and It has a good electricity ty are widely available available.. Adjacent structures present near the site are the Municipality Building, the Poblacion Public Market, Shell gasoline station, tation, Mindanao M

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State University(MSU)- High School, and the Poblacion Jeep Terminal. (See Figure 7.4)

Figure 7.4 Site Map showing the adjacent structures of the recreation area

The proposed site has an area of 50, 000 squar square meters. Figure 7.4 shows the area where Muslims and Christians usually situate their selves in the site.

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Legend: Christians

Muslims

Figure 7.5 Areas where Muslims and Christians usually stayed

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CHAPTER VIII REQUIRED STATE PROGRAM

It appears that the current recreation and leisure setting does not provide a harmonious environment for the Muslim and Christian in a multicultural community like the Poblacion. Due to the conflicts between Muslim and Christian in the past and present political and social issues especially in Mindanao, the relationship between the two groups is directly affected. This is one of the possible reasons of the alienation that is formed between the groups. And so, if this condition continues, peace and harmony within the community will not be achieved. A. Mission Statement The Study aims to create a balanced and harmonious environment among the individual in multicultural community through rendering services that improves the relationship of Muslims and Christians and through breaking the barrier that causes the alienation between them; and that will enhance public open spaces as a tool for creating peace and harmony inside a multicultural community. 1. Architectural Issues Aesthetic, proper zoning, security, sanitation, interaction and comfort are the issues that will probably come up in planning of this facility.

114

As a designer and planner, aesthetic should always be considered in designing public open spaces that it could cater not only their recreational and leisure needs but also the environment to where they perform such activities. Proper zoning is one of the vital issues that would come up, when the activities of Muslims and Christians are properly zoned, all the activities that link this two groups should be situated In one common area, and all activities that do not link them would also be considered in the study. Security is a vital factor in public open spaces. It is sometimes defined as the assurance for future welfare of every user. The barrier between Muslim and Christian creates a “not friendly” environment especially on public open spaces and sometimes it creates fear to the users and a feeling of being alienated from the other group. To have an image that is pleasant to the people is another factor. Security and safekeeping thus, is a priority and should be enhanced. Sanitation is another concern. Providing clean area and maintaining cleanliness of the facility needs proper planning. And also giving appropriate level of comfort could result to an environment which is good for recreation activities. Proper design with regards to the facility’s circulation and users’ mobility is necessary. It affects the level of security measures being applied. There should be defined and clear circulation for different user; vehicular and pedestrian.

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2. Architectural Program and Translation Guidelines 2.1 Fact: Aesthetic consideration helps create a friendly and pleasant environment Issue: Aesthetic Goal 1: Create and design a pleasant and friendly environment 2.2 Fact: Proper Zoning helps to create a harmonious environment Issue: Proper Zoning Goal 1: Zoning in the recreational area according to the common activities of Muslims and Christians 2.3 Fact: Security is manifested in the built environment. Issue: Security Goal 1: The security in built environment should be well-designed. Goal 2: Interaction of users should be well planned. 2.4 Fact: Sanitation is important in Public Open spaces Issue: Sanitation Goal 1: Provide activity and facilities that would observe the cleanliness and sanitation of the users. 2.5 Fact: Interaction between the users should be considered in Public open spaces Issue: Interaction Goal 1: Create an Environment for public open spaces that will enhance harmonious interaction between Muslim and Christian users. 116

2.6 Fact: Comfort is important in designing recreational facilities most especially in a multicultural community. Issue: Comfort Goal 1: Design an Environment for Public open spaces where two opposing groups would be in harmony with each other; an environment that is comfortable for both groups.

117

CHAPTER IX DESIGN DEVELOPMENT A. Schematics

Teenagers

Children

Common Area Area for Muslim Area for Christian Adults

Figure 9.1 Zoning Diagram of the Areas for the Linking activities

Figure 9.1 shows the zoning of the areas for Muslims and areas for Christians and the common ommon areas proposed in the study study. The he common area is also zoned according to age level. The area for Muslims and area for Christians that was determined from the result resul of the field observations will be excluded in the proposed project –by by eliminating the two non-linking linking spaces; the area for Muslims and area for Christians, a common space will arise. (See Figure 9.2 below)

118

Area for Christian

Area for Muslim

Figure ure 9.2 Areas commonly used by Muslims and Christians B. Zoning Analysis

Figure 9.3 Site Inspiration: “Fishing” 119

Figure 9.4 Bubble diagrams

120

As said earlier byy eeliminating the two non-linking linking spaces; the area for Muslims and area for Christians, a common space will arise; this space will house all the linking activities of Muslim and Christians in the Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo.

C. Form and Massing Development

Figure 9.5 Bubble diagrams of the Community Recreation Center 121

Figure 9.6 Form Concept

The municipality of Sultan Naga Dimaporo was formerly called “Karomatan “Karomatan”, derived from a Maranao word, “kormatan” which means a generous and reverent reception of guest. It was told that it was in this place where Maruhombatua, an Islamic preacher and a descendant of an Arab missionary was cordially received and afforded a formal welcome. To the Cebuanos, “karomatan” is a derivative of the word “karomata” which means an animal drawn transport. The form of the building is an abstracted conc concept ept derived from the word “karomata” in Cebuano which means an “animal drawn transport” which are mostly used by

122

farmers. And it also represents the primary source of living of the people in Sultan Naga Dimaporo which is farming. The proposed project is a Community Recreational ecreational Center which can cater all the recreational activities of Muslims and Christians in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte. D. Site Analysis

Figure 9.7 Sun path and wind direction 123

Figure 9.7 shows the sun path and wind direction of the proposed site. By relocating the buildings and by considering the proper orientation of the basketball court and the tennis courts, efficient sunlight and wind would be achieved in the proposed site.

Figure 9.8 Traffic studies

124

Figure 9.8 shows the traffic studies of the site, in the figure the yellow lines are the area or pathways for walking and biking activities. The blue lines on the other hand are the areas or pathways for vehicles. This site traffic could give effective flow of traffic inside the site.

125

CHAPTER X ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN TRANSLATIO TRANSLATION A.

The Site

Figure 10.1 Site Perspective The proposed site layout of Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte are composed of recreational facilities that is needed in order to create peace and balance environment inside the community, these are the recreation center, the grandstand in front of the oval, and the commercial stalls. The orientation of the basketball court and the tennis courts was also considered; redesigning the buildings in the institutional area 126

Figure 10.2 Site Development Plan

127

of the site is needed in order to achieve proper zoning of the area (See Figure 10.2) and also to achieve unity in the design of the buildings some of the building façade of the existing buildings were redesigned. B. The Community Recreation Center

Figure 10.3 Perspective of the Community Recreation Center

The community recreation center is composed of the library and the fitness gym. These two buildings were oriented together in front of the oval such that they wo would appear like “twin buildings” (See Figure 10.2 10.2)

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1.

The Library

Figure 10.4 Ground Floor Plan of the Library

129

Figure 10.5 Second Floor Plan of the Library

Figures 10.4 and 10.5 show the floor plans of the library. The library is designed to cater all the necessary needs of the people in the community from children to elderly, a multipurpose ultipurpose hall is provided in the second floor of the building to cater indoor meetings and events. 130

131

Figure 10.6 Front Elevation of the Library

132

Figure 10.7 Right Side Elevation of the Library

133

Figure 10.8 Rear Elevation of the Library

134

Figure 10.9 Left Side Elevation of the Library

2.

The Fitness Gym Figures 10.9 and 10.10 show the floor plans of the fitness gym. In designing this

Figure 10.10 Ground Floor Plan of the Fitness gym

135

area gender is considered carefully resulting to providing two separate spaces for male and female. The cafeteria, internet café and the area for board games is situated in the second floor.

Figure 10.11 Second Floor Plan of the Fitness gym 136

137

Figure 10.12 Front Elevation of the Fitness gym

138

Figure 10.13 Left Side Elevation of the Fitness gym

139

Figure 10.14 Rear Elevation of the Fitness gym

140

Figure 10.15 Right Side Elevation of the Fitness gym

3.

Grandstand The grandstand was redesigned in order to achieve efficient function to the

users. This building is intended to cater different event from stage events to open filed or outdoor school/public events. In front of the grandstand is an oval with half the size of the standard oval, to provide a space for walking and jogging activities. A separate space was also provided for biking surrounding the oval and the kiosks.

Figure 10.16 Spot perspective showing the Grandstand

141

Figure 10.17 Ground Floor Plan of the Grandstand

142

Figure 10.18 Second Floor Plan of the Grandstand

143

144

Figure 10.19 Front Elevation of the Grandstand

145

Figure 10.20 Left Side Elevation of the Grandstand

146

Figure 10.21 Rear Elevation of the Grandstand

147

Figure 10.22 Right Side Elevation of the Grandstand

148

Figure 10.23 Section thru A of the Grandstand

149

Figure 10.24 Section thru B of the Grandstand

Figure 10.25 Kiosks

There are 37 kiosks provided to cater the 37 barangays of the municipality. This is designed to provide a space for those barangays when there is a municipal events in the place like the “tulingan” festival and other important events. C.

Buildings in the Institutional Area

1. The Municipality hall of Sultan Naga Dimaporo The façade of the muni municipal pal hall was redesign in order to add more character to the building and also to achieve unity in the design of the buildings in the site.

150

Figure 10.26 The Municipal hall of Sultan Naga Dimaporo (Existing)

Figure 10.27 The Municipal hall of Sultan Naga Dimaporo (Proposed)

151

Figure 10.28 Ground Floor Plan of the Municipal Hall

152

Figure 10.29 Second Floor Plan of the Municipal Hall

153

Figure 10.30 Front Elevation of the Municipal hall

Figure 10.31 Right Side Elevation of the Municipal hall

154

Figure 10.32 Rear Elevation of the Municipal hall

Figure 10.3 10.33 Left Side Elevation of the Municipal hall

155

156

Figure 10.34 Section thru A of the Municipal Hall

157

Figure 10.35 Section thru B of the Municipal Hall

2. The Municipal council building A separate building for muni municipal council office was also provided. The building form was based on the concept which is “fishing”, its form was inspired from the shape of a boat used for fishing.

Figure 10.36 Ground Floor Plan of the Municipal council building

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Figure 10.37 Front Elevation of the Municipal council building

Figure 10.388 Left Side Elevation of the Municipal council building ng

159

Figure 10.39 R ear Elevation of the Municipal council building

Figure 10.40 Rear Elevation of the Municipal council building

160

Figure 10.41 Section thru A of the Municipal council building

Figure 10.42 Section thru B of the Municipal council building

161

3.

Police Station The police station was also redesigned in order to add more functional space for the station to function well. All the necessary spaces was provided and arranged based on the functions of ea each spaces. (See Figure 10.42)

Figure 10.43 Ground Floor Plan of the Police station

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Figure 10.44 Front Elevation of the Police station

Figure 10.45 Right Side Elevation of the Police station

163

Figure 10.46 Rear Elevation of the Police station

Figure 10.47 Left Side Elevation of the Police station

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Figur Figure 10.48 Section thru A of the Police Station

Figure 10.49 Section thru B of the Police Station

165

4.

Daycare Center and Rural Health Unit (RHU) office The daycare center and the RHU office were redesigned. The two spaces were joined together. The daycare center was designed to cater a maximum of 25 children.

Figure 10.50 Ground Floor Plan of the Daycare Center and RHU office

166

Figure 10.51 Front Elevation of the the Daycare Center and RHU office

Figure 10.52 Left Side Elevation of the Daycare Center and RHU office

167

Figure 10.53 Rear Elevation of the Daycare Center and RHU office

Figure 10.54 Right Side Elevation of the Dayca Daycare re Center and RHU office

168

Figure 10.55 Section thru A of the Daycare Center and RHU office

Figure 10.56 Section thru B of the Daycare Center and RHU office

169

5. Fire Station The fire station was also redesigned and relocated in order to achieve more its function and to make more accessible, a separate road was created where the fire trucks could easily pass through.

Figure 10.5 10.57 Ground Floor Plan of the Fire station

170

Figure 10.58 Front Elevation of the Fire station

Figure 10.59 Right Side Elevation of the Fire station

171

Figure 10.60 Rear Elevation of the Fire station

Figure 10.61 Left Side Elevation of the Fire station

172

173

Figure 10.62 Section thru A of the Fire station

174

Figure 10.63 Section thru B of the Fire station

D. Commercial Stalls

Commercial stalls were provided to serve the public with halal foods. This building is composed of rentable spaces and it is located beside the sports and recreation area.

Figure 10.64 Floor Plan of the Commercial stalls

175

Figure 10.6 10.65 Elevations of the Commercial stalls

176

E. Site Model

Figure 10.66 Top view

177

178

Figure 10.68 Left Side view

Figure 10.67 Front view

179

Figure 10.70 Right Side view

Figure 10.69 Rear view

CHAPTER XI SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION A. Summary of Findings

Muslims and Christians of different age level and gender has linking activities that when these activities are combined and will be situated in one common place, interaction between the two groups is greatly possible: for the children, activities like biking, playing at playgrounds, basketball, and reading books/magazines, and Philippine games; for teenagers, activities like swimming, tennis, basketball, biking, eating, reading books/magazines, computer games/internet, photography, chess and Philippine games link them; as for the adults these activities link the Muslim and Christian adults are reading books/magazines, tennis, fitness gym, eating, chess, jogging and walking. These activities are 87% of the total activities of Muslims and Christians in Poblacion. However, there are also activities that do not join Muslims and Christians, and these activities were also identified in the study, these are baseball and picnicking. These would be eliminated to really create a common space and environment that could build peace between Muslims and Christians. In public open spaces most people think that it is impossible that the two opposing groups would not have the chance to interact with each other, but proper zoning would be very much useful in breaking the barrier between the two groups.

180

B. Conclusions

The study found out that recreational and leisure activities and the behavior of Muslims and Christians in the public open spaces has a big impact in designing public open spaces of a multicultural community like in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo, Lanao del Norte. This is one way in creating a harmonious relationship between the two opposing groups inside a community. Based from the objectives of this study, the researcher found out that 87% of the activities of the Muslim and Christian people in Poblacion could link the two groups. By integrating these activities inside the public open spaces of a multicultural community –a design solution for peace building could be made, in which it would demand a new spatial planning in the public open spaces of Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo where the resident Muslims and Christians in the community could create a harmonious and friendly interaction among them. Therefore this would also require providing additional facilities in the Barangay Poblacion, these facilities should satisfy the users composing the children, teenagers, and adults groups (both Muslim and Christian). The study therefore conclude that by integrating the linking recreational activities of Muslim and Christians and by developing this common recreation space for both groups, this would enhance not only the lives of these people inside the community but also it would create peace and harmony in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo.

181

C. Recommendations The study recommends applying and integrating the different arts and culture of the different indigenous group of a multicultural community in the public open spaces to really link not only the activities of the different groups but also the environment. It should depict each of their arts and culture in the design of this common recreational area/building.

182

References

Book Publications: Abatol, O. Shared Architecture Space: A Contribution for the Peace Campaign in Mindanao. University of the Philippines Mindanao. 2005. Chelladurai, P. Human Resource Management in Sport and Recreation.USA: Human Kinetics. 1999. Edginton et al. Leisure Programming: A Service- centered and Benefits Approach. 4th Ed. New York: McGraw Hill. 2004. Edginton, C. R., and W. de Oliveira.” A model of youthwork orientations.” Humanics: The Journal of Leadership for Youth and Human Service 4(2). 1995.

Internet Sources: “A March for Justice and Peace- Synagogue to Church to Mosque” available at: www.scoop.co.nz Calingo, M. “Yes to ceasefire, no to withdrawal of government troops” available at: Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace Procress website. 2008. “Role of Architecture in Any Communal Dispute- A Synopsis” available at:www.designcommunity.com “Symbols and Society” (1995). Architecture of Peace. Available at: www.designcommunity.com

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APPENDICES

184

APPENDIX A Sample of Survey Questionnaire Name (optional):__________________________ Age: _____ Gender: Female___ Male___

1.

Religion: ___________

What are your favorite recreational and leisure activities? (Put a check inside the box) Swimming Reading Books and magazines Tennis Jogging Fitness gym Fishing Spa / Salon Picnicking Biking Rock climbing Playing (at playgrounds) Boating Basketball Visiting Nature Centers Baseball Indoor Tennis Walking for pleasure Artificial Wall Climbing Eating Computer (Internet Surfing) Painting Photography Billiards Chess Soccer Philippine Games: (Please specify ) _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________

___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________

Others: _________________________ 2.

3.

What common activities do you usually do with your Muslim and Christian Friends? (Put a check inside the box) Swimming Reading Books and magazines Tennis Jogging Fitness gym Fishing Spa / Salon Picnicking Biking Rock climbing Playing (at playgrounds) Boating Basketball Visiting Nature Centers Baseball Indoor Tennis Walking for pleasure Artificial Wall Climbing Eating Computer (Internet Surfing) Painting Photography Billiards Chess Soccer Philippine Games: (Please specify ) _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________

___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________

Others: _________________________ Are you satisfied with the recreational area given in your municipality? Yes_____ NO_____

185

Rate your least and most preferred Recreational Leisure Activities: (‘1’ as the lowest and ’10’ as the highest) Encircle the Numbers.

Rating of Preference

Most Preferred

Recreational and Leisure Activities

Less Preferred

4.

Swimming

1 1

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

6 6

7 7

8 8

9 9

10 10

Tennis

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Fitness gym

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Spa / Salon

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Biking

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Playing (at playgrounds)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Basketball

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Baseball

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Soccer

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Walking for pleasure

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Eating

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Painting

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Billiards

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Reading Books and magazines

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Jogging

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Fishing

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Picnicking

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Rock climbing

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Boating

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Visiting Nature Centers

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Indoor Tennis

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Artificial Wall Climbing

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Computer (Internet Surfing)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Photography

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Chess

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Philippine Games

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

186

1.1 Table 1. Average number of Muslims and Christians visit at peak-days and off-peak days In the public open spaces in Poblacion Sultan Naga Dimaporo

Week #: __ Muslims Peak-Days Areas

Children

Off-Peak Days

Teenagers Adults

Children

Teenagers Adults

Total

Social (Tennis court.etc) Physical (fitness center) Natural (beach, green areas) Total =

Christians Peak-Days Areas

Children

Teenagers Adults

Off-Peak Days Children

Teenagers Adults

Total

Social (Tennis court..etc) Physical (fitness center) Natural (beach, green areas) Total =

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1.3 Table 2. User activity analysis

Week #:___ Users/ Visitors

Activities Peak Days Saturdays 8am-12NN

2pm-6pm

Sundays 8am-12NN

2pm-6pm

Activities Off-Peak Days Mondays Fridays 8am-12NN

2pm-6pm

8am-12NN

2pm-6pm

Children

Teenagers

Adults

188

APPENDIX B Letters of Permission

189

190

APPENDIX C Thesis Final Presentation Drawings (in tarps)

(a)

191

(b) 192

(c) 193

(d) 194

APPENDIX D Electrical layouts of the Community Recreation Center

GROUND FLOOR ELECTRICAL/ POWER LAYOUT (RECREATION CENTER -LIBRARY)

1. Library

(a) 195

(b)

196

GROUND FLOOR ELECTRICAL/ POWER LAYOUT (RECREATION CENTER -LIBRARY)

(c)

197

SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL/ POWER LAYOUT (RECREATION CENTER -LIBRARY)

(d)

198

SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL/ POWER LAYOUT (RECREATION CENTER -LIBRARY)

GROUND FLOOR ELECTRICAL/ POWER LAYOUT(RECREATION CENTER -FITNESS GYM)

2. Fitness gym

(a)

199

(b)

200

GROUND FLOOR ELECTRICAL/ POWER LAYOUT(RECREATION CENTER -FITNESS GYM)

(c)

201

SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL/ POWER LAYOUT(RECREATION CENTER -FITNESS GYM)

(d)

202

SECOND FLOOR ELECTRICAL/ POWER LAYOUT(RECREATION CENTER -FITNESS GYM)

APPENDIX E Plumbing Layout of Main Building

203

204

APPENDIX F Structural details

(a)

205

(b)

206