Communications Lab Manual

Analog Communications Volume 1

Instrumentation Student Manual 26866-00

Printed in Canada

|3026866000511H~

Analog Communications Volume 1

Instrumentation Student Manual 26866-00

Printed in Canada

|3026866000511H~

AB

ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS VOLUME 1

INSTRUMENTATION

by the Staff of Lab-Volt Ltd.

Copyright © 1990 Lab-Volt Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of Lab-Volt Quebec Ltd.

Legal Deposit – Fourth Trimester 1984 ISBN 2-89289-044-6

FOURTH EDITION, JUNE 1987

Printed in Canada November 2005

Performing the Communications Courseware Using the Latest Versions of the Dual Function Generator and True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter A. Dual Function Generator, Model 9402-00 versus Model 9402-10 Completion of the exercises in this manual requires a Lab-Volt Dual Function Generator, Model 9402-00 or 9402-10. These two models provide the same signals, but have different front panel controls. The manipulations in the hands-on exercises of the Communications courseware have been written for the Model 9402-00 Dual Function Generator. If you perform the exercises using the Model 9402-10 Dual Function Generator, please take note of the following differences between the front panel controls of these two models of the Dual Function Generator (refer to Figures 1 and 2 which show the front panels of the two models).

1. The display of the Model 9402-10 Dual Function Generator not only indicates the frequency of the signal produced by channel A or B (as on the Model 9402-00 Dual Function Generator), but also various settings related to this channel. 2. The A and B channel-selection push buttons on Model 9402-00 are replaced with a single A/B selection push button on Model 9402-10. The A/B selection push button allows selection between channels A and B of the Dual Function Generator. The other channel is selected whenever the A/B button is depressed. The function, frequency range, and attenuator settings of the selected channel are indicated in the display of the Model 9402-10 Dual Function Generator. When displayed, these settings can be modified using the FUNCTION, FREQUENCY RANGE, and ATTENUATOR push buttons 3. The sine-wave, square-wave, triangle-wave, sawtooth-wave, and pulse FUNCTION selection push buttons of channels A and B on Model 9402-00 are replaced with a single FUNCTION selection push button on Model 9402-10, that is common to both channels. The FUNCTION selection button is used in conjunction with the A/B channel selection push button to select the function of each channel. The function selected is indicated by a symbol in the display of the Model 9402-10 Dual Function Generator. 4. The 100-Hz, 1-kHz, 10-kHz, and 100-kHz FREQUENCY RANGE selection push buttons of channels A and B on Model 9402-00 are replaced with a single FREQUENCY RANGE selection push button on Model 9402-10, that is common to both channels. The FREQUENCY RANGE selection button is used in conjunction with the A/B channel selection push button to select the frequency range of each channel. The frequency range selected is indicated in the display of the Model 9402-10 Dual Function Generator. 5. The 0-dB, 20-dB, and 40-dB ATTENUATOR selection push buttons of channels A and B on Model 9402-00 are replaced with a single ATTENUATOR selection push button on Model 9402-10, that is common to both channels. The ATTENUATOR selection button is used in conjunction with the A/B channel selection push button to select the attenuator of each channel. The attenuator selected is indicated in the display of the Model 9402-10 Dual Function Generator. XI

Performing the Communications Courseware Using the Latest Versions of the Dual Function Generator and True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter 6. The control knobs used to set the durations of the pulse signals of channels A and B are referred to as the PULSE DURATION control knobs on the Model 9402-10 Dual Function Generator. 7. Independent FREQUENCY and OUTPUT LEVEL control knobs for channels A and B are still provided. However, their positions on the front panel have changed. 8. When the frequency is set to 100.00 kHz or more, the display on the Model 9402-10 Dual Function Generator does not flash as is the case on the Model 9402-00 Dual Function Generator.

DUAL FUNCTION GENERATOR 9402-00

OUTPUT FREQUENCY FREQUENCY A

OUTPUT LEVEL B

A

Hz

B

kHz MIN.

A FUNCTION

A

(CHANNEL A) INPUT

B

B

1k

ATTENUATOR dB

SYNC. / TTL OUTPUTS FREQUENCY MODULATION

100

MIN.

MAX.

B

FREQUENCY RANGE Hz A

MAX.

A

A

OUTPUTS

A POWER

DEVIATION

0

10 k 100 k

MIN.

MAX.

B

B

20

40

B

Figure 1. Front panel of the Dual Function Generator, Model 9402-00.

XII

Performing the Communications Courseware Using the Latest Versions of the Dual Function Generator and True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter SELECTS BETWEEN THE SINE-WAVE, SQUARE-WAVE, TRIANGLE-WAVE, SAWTOOTH-WAVE AND PULSE FUNCTIONS

SELECTS CHANNEL A OR B

DISPLAYS THE FREQUENCY AND SETTINGS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SELECTED CHANNEL

SELECTS BETWEEN THE 100-Hz, 1-kHz, 10-kHz, AND 100-kHz FREQUENCY RANGES

SELECTS BETWEEN THE 0-dB, 20-dB, AND 40-dB ATTENUATORS

DUAL FUNCTION GENERATOR 9402-10

FREQUENCY A

A/B

FREQUENCY RANGE

FUNCTION

ATTENUATOR

SYNC. / TTL OUTPUTS A

PULSE DURATION A

OUTPUT LEVEL A

OUTPUTS A

FREQUENCY MODULATION (OUTPUT A) INPUT

B

MIN.

DEVIATION

B

B MIN.

POWER

MAX.

B

B

MAX.

MIN.

MAX.

FREQUENCY PULSE CONTROL DURATION KNOBS CONTROL KNOBS

FREQUENCY MODULATION DEVIATION CONTROL KNOB

OUTPUT LEVEL CONTROL KNOBS

(CHANNELS A AND B)

(CHANNEL A)

(CHANNELS A AND B)

Figure 2. Front panel of the Dual Function Generator, Model 9402-10.

XIII

Performing the Communications Courseware Using the Latest Versions of the Dual Function Generator and True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter B. True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter, Model 9404-00 versus Model 9404-10 Completion of the exercises in this manual requires a Lab-Volt True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter, Model 9404-00 or 9404-10. These two models are very similar except for a few minor changes. The manipulations in the hands-on exercises of the Communications courseware have been written for the Model 9404-00 True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter. If you perform the exercises using the Model 9404-10 True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter, please take note of the following differences between these two models of the True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter (refer to Figures 3 and 4 which show the front panels of the two models). 1. The 100 V (+53 dBm) range on the Model 9404-00 True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter is not available on the Model 9404-10, True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter. This range is not required to complete the hand-on exercises in this manual. 2. A ZERO ADJUST knob is provided on the Model 9404-00 True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter to manually zero the unit before taking measurements. There is no ZERO ADJUST knob on the Model 9404-10 True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter, because zero adjustment is performed automatically by the unit. An LED on the front panel of the Model 9404-10 True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter lights up whenever zero adjustment is performed.

TRUE RMS VOLTMETER / POWER METER 9404-00

ZERO ADJUST INPUT

1 Mæ

RANGE mV 10

27

MODE

V 100

7

1

10

100

VOLT

13

33

53

dBm

dBm

CHANGE SCALE POWER

[ 0 dBm = 1mW in 50 æ ]

Figure 3. Front Panel of the True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter, Model 9404-00.

XIV

Performing the Communications Courseware Using the Latest Versions of the Dual Function Generator and True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter ZERO ADJUSTMENT IS NOW PERFORMED AUTOMATICALLY BY THE UNIT. THIS LED LIGHTS UP WHENEVER ZERO ADJUSTMENT IS PERFORMED.

THE MAXIMUM RANGE IS 10 V (+33 dBm) INSTEAD OF 100 V (+53 dBm)

TRUE RMS VOLTMETER / POWER METER 9404-10 CHANGE SCALE

RANGE INPUT

MODE

V

mV 10

100

1

10

VOLTAGE (V)

POWER ADJUSTING ZERO

1 Mæ

27

7

13

33

POWER (dBm)

dBm [ 0 dBm = 1mW in 50 æ ]

Figure 4. Front Panel of the True RMS Voltmeter / Power Meter, Model 9404-10.

XV

XVI

XVII

XVIII

ANALOG COMMUNICATIONS –VOLUME 1 INSTRUMENTATION 26866-00 First Edition: June 1987 Printed: November 2005

We Value Your Opinion! Please take a few minutes to complete this questionnaire. Your answers and comments will enable us to produce better manuals. Return it to the address on the reverse side of this page or ask your instructor to forward it. How long are the exercises? G Too long

G Adequate

G Too short

Do the Discussions cover enough information? G Too little

G Acceptable

G Too much

How easy to follow are the Procedures? G Too difficult

G Adequate

G Very easy

How useful is the Procedure Summary? G Of little use

G Useful

G Very useful

How many hours were required per exercise? G 1

G 2

G 3 or more

PUBLICATION ERRORS AND COMMENTS Please enclose photocopies of pages where errors were found and indicate the modifications that should be carried out. If you want to receive the corrected pages, please fill in the identification section.

BACKGROUND INFORMATION G Instructor

G Student

G High School

G Vocational

G Technical Institute G University

IDENTIFICATION NAME ADDRESS

PHONE

FAX