Colorimetric Tubes Drager

INDEX

DRAEGER-TUBES® - MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 1/41

WHAT IS A DETECTOR TUBE?

“A detector tube is a hermetically sealed glass tube containing an inert solid or granular material such as silica gel, alumina, resin, pumice, or ground glass. The inert material is impregnated with or mixed with one or more reagents which change color when specific types of air contaminants are introduced. The length of the color change or stain, or the intensity of color change as compared to a comparative standard indicates the amount of material present.” Source: Air Monitoring Instrumentation, C. J. Maslansky/S. P. Maslansky

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 2/41

WHAT IS A DETECTOR TUBE?

• Glass Vial (120 x 7 mm) • Filled with a chemical reagent (s) • Air is pulled through with a hand operated pump • The reagents change color if the targeted chemical is present

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 3/41

DRAEGER-TUBE CAPABILITIES

•

More than 200 Draeger-Tubes

•

Detecting more than 500 substances

•

Measurements in air, liquids, and soil

•

Gases (CO, H2S, Cl2,…)

•

Vapors (acetone, benzene, ethyl alcohol,…)

•

Aerosols (nickel, sodium cyanide, sulfuric acid,…) Example

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 4/41

DRAEGER-TUBE CAPABILITIES

• Extremely portable and easy to use. • Can be specific to a chemical or detect general family of gases. • Can measure low/sub ppm levels to Vol. %. • Can be used to determine an unknown or the chemical group (aromatic, aliphatic, alcohol). • Accuracy varies from +/- 5 to 25 % depending on gas and measuring range.

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 5/41

DRAEGER-TUBE NOMENCLATURE

Carbon Monoxide 10/b (10 - 3,000 ppm) •

Gas / Vapor to be detected

•

Indicates lowest standard measuring range

•

Indicates latest engineering revision

•

Specifies measuring range

•

ppm, Vol %, mg/m3, mg/l, lbs/mmcf, or qualitative

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 6/41

DRAEGER-TUBE NOMENCLATURE

•

Carbon Monoxide 10/b

Short-term

•

Carbon Monoxide 10/a-L

Long-term

•

Carbon Monoxide 50/a-D

Diffusion

•

Carbon Monoxide 5/a-P

Aerotest

Diffusion Tubes

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 7/41

DRAEGER-TUBE TYPES

•

Short-Term Tubes • Gases, vapors, & aerosols - white label • Single Stroke - Gases & Vapors - orange label

•

Long-Term Tubes • Active - yellow label (-L) • Passive (Dosimeter) - magenta label (-D) • Sorbent Tubes (silica gel, charcoal) – green label • Compressed Air Testing - blue label (-P)

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 8/41

INFORMATION ON THE BOX

•

Batch / Lot Number

•

Total Number of Tests (10, 9, 8, 5)

•

Tube Type

•

Tube Nomenclature in 4 Languages

•

Measuring Range

•

ISO 9001

•

Storage Temperature (25 °C / 77°F)

•

Expiration Date

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 9/41

WHAT'S ON THE TUBE?

•

Nomenclature

•

Part Number*

•

Batch / Lot Number*

•

Number of Pump Strokes

•

Airflow Directional Arrow

•

Measurement Scale(s) or color intensity layer

* Consider for questions on a particular batch.

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 10/41

SHORT-TERM DRAEGER-TUBE

•

Scaled Tubes

•

Color Comparison Tubes

•

Color Match Tubes

•

Qualitative Tubes

•

Ampoule Tubes

•

Two Tube Systems

•

Double Tube Systems

•

Single Stroke Tubes

•

Simultaneous Test Sets

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 11/41

DRAEGER-TUBES

Hermetically-sealed glass tube housing

5

Dra ege r

3

1

Determine reading using the length of color stain

Tube nomenclature indicates gas to be measured

Quality control batch number

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 12/41

810 178 1 - 01 11

2

Number of pump strokes

n=

Ba tch :A RH M 15

(Aim towards pump inlet)

10

Airflow directional arrow

Part number

Wa ter Vap or 1 /b

READING DRAEGER-TUBES

• • •

• •

Adequate lighting - but no direct sunlight Hold the tube against a light background Scale tubes: a) full length of discoloration (sum of all colors) b) diffuse indication (end point of the slightest discoloration) Compare with an unused tube Diagonal leading edge: average between the shortest and longest discoloration

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 13/41

EXTENDING THE MEASUREMENT RANGE

•

Operating Instructions

•

Draeger-Tube Handbook

•

VOICE Software

MUST be verified by Draeger, DO NOT assume that the measuring range is linear for all sample volumes!

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 14/41

MEASUREMENT OF GASES BASICS

Conversion of semantics: ppm = ml/m³

mg/m³

24.1 *) C [ppm] = c [mg/m³] x Molar mass [g]

C [mg/m³] = c [ppm] x

Molar mass [g] 24.1 *)

*) 24.1 L Mole volume at 20°C and 1013 hPa DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 15/41

UNITS OF MEASUREMENT

ppm = parts per million ml/m3 or l / 1 miol. Vol.% =

Liters of Contaminant 100 Liters of Air

1 Vol.% =

10,000 ppm

ppm = mg x

24 m3 x MW

(at 20 °C, 68 °F)

MW=>molecular weight (g/mole) & 24 => mole volume (moles/L)

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 16/41

DRAEGER TUBE ADVANTAGES

Draeger-Tubes (7 mm)

5 mm Tubes

• •

• •

•

• • • • • •

Less Cross-Sensitivity Shorter Testing Time... e.g. NH3 5-70 ppm, 1 minute More Distinct Length of Stain... e.g. CO 2-60 ppm, 25 mm @ TLV Longer Shelf-Life (2 Years) No Cold Storage Requirement... 0 to 25 °C (0 to 77 °F) Advanced Tube Designs Quality Control Batch Testing ISO 9001 Certification Detecting >500 substances

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 17/41

• • •

• •

Higher Cross-Sensitivity Longer Testing Time e.g. NH3 10-50 ppm, 3.5 minutes Shorter Length of Stain e.g. CO 5-50 ppm, 11 mm @ TLV Ambiguous Shelf-Life Cool Storage Requirement 0 to 15 °C (0 to 50 °F) require Pyrolyzer Batch Testing ISO 9001 Certification

WARNING !!!

Ü

Draeger detector tubes and gas detection pumps are designed and calibrated as a unit.

Ü

Interchanging Draeger pumps and tubes with other manufacturer’s products is not recommended nor permitted according to official regulations (e.g. ANSI / ISEA 102-1990, R 1998 or EN 1231)

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 18/41

DRAEGER ACCURO PUMP

Durable EPDM rubber housing

Quality control batch number End of stroke indicator

Bellows-style pump

-

-

-

-

Pump stroke counter

AREL - F012

Airflow directional arrow

Wrist strap

(Facing pump inlet)

Ceramic tube opener

Exhaust port

Allen screw for pump maintenance Scissors & spring mechanisms provides uniform pump stroke

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 19/41

ACCURO LEAK TEST & CALIBRATION CHECK LEAK TEST PROCEDURE

• Insert unopened Draeger detector tube into socket. • Squeeze pump completely and release. • Pump is adequately leak proof if the end-of-stroke indicator has not appeared (popped up) after 15 minutes. • if the end-of-stroke indicator appears within 15 minutes: 1. Clean the exhaust valve and valve seating area 2. Replace the exhaust valve 3. Replace the socket

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 20/41

DRAEGER PUMP ADVANTAGES

Draeger Pump

Piston Pump

• • • • • •

• • • •

Distinct end-of-stroke indicator Automatic stroke counter No O-rings to lubricate... leakage not a problem No frictional wear & tear parts Simple leak test Faster opening time per stroke • typically < 20 seconds • Optional one-hand operation

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 21/41

Indicator at end of handle manual stroke counter O-Rings requiring lubrication small particles can cause leaks must maintain lubrication • improper procedure can damage check valve • more time per stroke 1 to 3 minutes • two hand operation

DRAEGER QUANTIMETER 1000

• Device Complete with Internal Pump • Battery Operated (1,000 Strokes) • Programmable to 199 Strokes • Dual LCD Display (Selected & Actual Strokes) • Microprocessor Controlled • Rugged Design & Construction • Intrinsically Safe Approval (CENELEC) • Low Battery Warning

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 22/41

APPLICATIONS ACCURO 2000 & QUANTIMETER 1000

• Extension of measurement range • Special applications - aerosols & ppb • Sulfuric Acid • Dimethyl Sulfate • High usage, e.g. plant turnaround • Multi-tasking • Indoor air applications • Sampling tubes

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 23/41

EXTENSION HOSES & PROBES

1. 3,10,15 meter Extension Hoses

3 4

2. Hot Air Probe

1

3. Exhaust Gas Probe 4. Tube Opener

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 24/41

2

DRAEGER TUBE KITS

Ÿ

Pumps Kits

Ÿ

Simultaneous Test Sets

Ÿ

HazMat Kit

Ÿ

HazMat Simultest

Ÿ

DLE Kit

Ÿ

Aerotest Kit

CDS-Sets

Aerotest-Simultan DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 25/41

ACCURO PUMP KITS

accuro® Pump Soft-side Pump Kit Nylon carry case, accuro pump, tube opener, spare parts kit, and tools.

Example

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 26/41

SIMULTEST SETS DETECT AND MEASURE 5 CHEMICALS SIMULTANEOUSLY

• Set I: Acid Gas, HCN, CO, Basic, NOx • Set II: SO2, Cl2, H2S, CO2, COCl2 • Set III: Ketones, Aromatics, Alcohols, Aliphatics, Chlorinated Hydroc.

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 27/41

HAZMAT SIMULTEST SETS

Includes the 3 Simultest Sets •

Simple & Fast

•

45 seconds per set!!

•

15 chemicals in < 5 minutes

•

No complicated charts

•

Reliable Draeger Technology

Example

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 28/41

CDS KIT

Types of chemical agents detected: • Nerve • Blister • Lung • Blood • Nose and Throat Irritating

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 29/41

CDS KIT FEATURES / BENEFITS

• Low cost vs. spectroscopic devices • No power supply required • On-the-spot results in five minutes • No warm-up time • No calibration • Minimal training • Simple operation • No filters to replace • Light weight and portable

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 30/41

Example

REPORT OF DETECTORS FOR CW AGENTS

• Objective: test PID’s, FID’s, Draeger Tubes (Phosphoric Acid Esters 0.05/a & Thioether) • Agents: Tabun (GA), Sarin (GA), Mustard (HD) • Temperatures: 0, 20, 40 °C • Humidities: 0, 50, 90% RH

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 31/41

REPORT OF DETECTORS FOR CW AGENTS

No consistent response factor for PID or FID • The results with the Draeger tubes were consistent and the tubes performed well in all tests. • None of the detectors would calibrate correctly after the field tests • Gasoline exhaust, diesel exhaust, gasoline vapor, and diesel vapor adversely affect the sensitivity of the detectors • Neither Draeger tube showed any positive reaction to the interference vapors tested

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 32/41

AEROTEST SIMULTAN HP FEATURES

•

Simultaneous measurement of CO, CO2, Oil, & H2O

•

No calibration (limiting orifice)

•

Time savings

•

300 bar = 4500 psi

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 33/41

AEROTEST SIMULTAN HP

Kit Contents • • • • • • • •

Pressure Reducer Measuring Device (4 tubes) CGA 347 Female Connector CGA 347 Male Connector Timer Deluxe Tube Opener Instruction Manual Carrying Case

Four Boxes of Tubes • • • •

6728521, CO2 100/a-P 6728511, CO 5/ a-P 6728371, Oil 10 / a-P 8103061, H2O 20 / a-P

DRAEGER SAFETY • GT-MMT „DRAEGER TUBES“ • 31.12.2004 • 34/41

AEROTEST SIMULTAN VERSIONS

• Aerotest Simultan LP (