Coiled Tubing Operation.pdf

11. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing Coiled Tubing O Operations ti Schlumberger Private

Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Contents Introduction Operations with Coiled Tubing E i Equipment t Well Control The Tubing Typical Applications Job Design g

Schlumberger Private

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11. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

I Introduction d i Schlumberger Private

Business Profile Evolution

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Business Profile

Schlumberger Private

Schlumberger is the Largest Coiled T bi Company Tubing C in i the th World W ld  Operates 30% of World Fleet with total of 300 CTU’s  Operating in 40 Countries  34% Market Share  $900 Million annual market

 Performs in excess of 15000 CT Jobs annually  65% Onshore  35 % Offshore

Performance  Nr N 1 on S Schroders h d V Value l Survey for 6th year.  Fastest growing service in S hl b Schlumberger during d i the h 2ndd part of the 90’s 4/51

. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Evolution  First introduced in 1963 for 

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Schlumberger Private

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through tubing sand cleanouts Quickly followed by Acid Treatments and Nitrogen Lifts in the 70’s Larger OD tubing allowed for the introduction of Downhole Tools and more complex fluids in the 1980’s Dedicated R&D in late 80’s allowed service to become complete Workover service in the 1990’s for  Drilling, Completion, Production and Abandonment

In 2003  Integral part of any well program, including  Subsea  Intelligent Wells  Multilaterals M ltil t l  Extended Reach Wells 5/51

11. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

C il d TTubing Coiled bi P Principles i i l Schlumberger Private

Operations with Coiled Tubing Advantages of Coiled Tubing

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Operations with Coiled Tubing

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Schlumberger Private

 Coiled Tubing offers the ability to do “Through Tubing Well Intervention”  Rigless  Completion installed  Life Conditions  Applications  Circulate Fluids  Workover with mechanical tools Data Acquisition Drilling g

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Advantages of Coiled Tubing

Schlumberger Private

Many advantages exist when compared to the alternatives ((Hydraulic y Workover Units or Workover Rigs) g )  Economics  Much less equipment with smaller crews  Operations in days rather than weeks  Safety  Reduced pipe handling (no connections, no rig floor operations) i )  Safe handling of wellhead pressure rather than “pressure prevention”  Operations  Small foot print with versatile equipment package  Much faster rig up and trip speeds  Ability to work on life wells

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11. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

C il d TTubing Coiled bi EEquipment i Schlumberger Private

Injector head Reel Power and Control Well Control

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Coiled Tubing Equipment The basic configuration of a coiled tubing equipment package is dependent on: Schlumberger Private

 Operating environment  e.g., offshore, arctic, desert  Primary applications  e.g., units prepared for CTD operations will typically be larger than conventional service units

 CT string dimensions  e.g., string length/OD and necessary reel dimensions

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B i EEquipment Basic i t Configurations C fi ti  Schlumberger equipment fleet comprises CT units designed to operate: Schlumberger Private

 Onshore  Paved road trucks (road legal for operating area)  Off-road trucks (all-wheel drive, e.g., desert)  Mobile mast units (special environment, environment ee.g., g arctic)  Offshore  Skid mounted units (crash-frame (crash frame protected)  Barge mounted units (permanent placement)  Jackingg barge/tender g / vessel

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. Well Intervention with Package Coiled Tubing Basic Coiled Tubing Control Cabin to control operations, WC and Data Acquisition

Injector Head to pull/push tubing

Schlumberger Private

Stripper to allow ll ffor “li “live”” operations Reel to Store Tubing

Prime Mover to provide Hydraulic Power

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing Injector Head – Functions / Components  Primary components/functions include: 11. Injecting and retrieving the CT string

3. 4 4. 5. 6.

3

1

5

Schlumberger Private

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(chain/drive system) Holding the CT string static (chains and braking system) Guiding the CT to the reel (gooseneck) T i / Tension/compression i measurement (weight indicator) Depth/speed p / p measurement (depth ( p system sensor) Mounting place for primary pressure b i (stripper) barrier ( ti )

2 4

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Chain System Typical chain system includes: 1 Schlumberger Private

 Drive sprocket/system (1)  Inside tensioners (2) 2

 Outside tensioners (3)

3

3

 Lower L idli idling sprocket k t (4) 4

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Chain Components Chain link pins

Schlumberger Private

Roller bearing

Gripper block

Chain link plate and split pin

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Reel – Functions and Components 5

3

Schlumberger Private

Typical reel components: 1 Storing and protecting the CT string 1. (drum) 2. Maintaining proper tension between reel and injector head (reel drive system) 3. Efficiently spooling the CT string on to the reel drum (level wind system) 4. Circulating fluids with the drum rotating (swivel) 5 Application of protective coating or 5. inhibitor on tubing string (tubing lubricator system) 6 Back-up 6. Back up depth measurement (reel mounted counter)

1

4

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Reel Drum Capacity Capacity of reel drum: L = (A + C) (A) (B) (K)

A

Schlumberger Private

Where: L = Reel capacity (ft) ( ) A = Tubing stack height (in.) B = Drum width (in.) C = Core diameter (in.) K = Constant (tubing size dependent) 11-1/4 1/4 = 00.168 168 1-1/2 = 0.116 1-3/4 = 0.086 2 = 0.066 0 066 2-3/8 = 0.046

Freeboard

C

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Reel Models and Capacities

1-1/4-in. 1 1/2 i 1-1/2-in. 1-3/4-in. 22-in in. 2-3/8-in.

15,000 10 000 10,000 N/A N/A N/A

22,500 15 100 15,100 11,200 8 500 8,500 N/A

25,000 22 000 22,000 15,000 11 000 11,000 N/A

25,000 25 000 25,000 20,000 15 000 15,000 N/A

25,000 25 000 25,000 25,000 22 500 22,500 15,300

Schlumberger Private

Tubing Size

Reel Model / Configuration 1015 2015 3015 3020 4122

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

“L l i d” S “Levelwind” System t 3

System components include:

2 Schlumberger Private

 Drive D i chain/system h i / t (1)  Override motor (2) ( ) 1

 Spooling head (3)

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Reel Swivel and Manifold Cable

Pressure b lkh d bulkhead

Coiled tubing

Reel collector

Reel axle

Schlumberger Private

Jumper cable

CT isolation valve

Reel swivel

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Power Pack/Control Cabin – Functions

Layer 1 Temper ature H igh Coolant

High Exhaust Temperature

Low Oil Pressure

Schlumberger Private

Basic functions of the power pack/control cabin or equipment normally mounted therein:  Providing hydraulic power required by the CTU (engine and hydraulic pumps)  Control C t l and d lilimitation it ti on hhydraulic d li systems t (h (hydraulic d li control t l and d relief valves/system)  Hydraulic accumulator storage for secondary well control equipment i t (BOP accumulator) l t )  Enables control and monitoring of all operating systems from a single operators station (control consol)  Providing operations data to enable well site design and monitoring Loss of Coolant

Oil Pressure

Coolant Temperature

Engine Tachometer

P ermissive start

Start

Engine Kill

Emergenc y Kill

Air Pressure

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Well Control Equipment for CT Schlumberger Private

Stripper St i Blow Out Preventers Stacks

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Pressure Control Equipment

Schlumberger Private

Pressure control equipment associated with mobilization of a basic CTU for routine service activities includes:  Stripper  generally permanently mounted on the injector head  Blow-out preventers  quad configuration most common  Riser, lubricator  application dependent  Ancillary equipment  wellhead crossover(s), flow “T”, kill line and valves  Downhole check valve  preventing back-flow of wellbore fluids

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Stripper – Functions

Schlumberger Private

The primary stripper typically performs the following functions:  Maintain M i t i a primary i bbarrier i against wellbore pressure and fluids  Secure and align the injector head with the pressure control and wellhead equipment  Support the tubing between the injector head chains and the stripper seal Design features enable:  Servicing S i i off consumables bl (sealing elements) with CT in place  control/actuation of primary seal without reliance on CTU power pack engine

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Conventional Stripper – Components Tubing support/top access Schlumberger Private

Packing assembly Hydraulic system M Mounting i flflange

Lower connection Typical packing stack 25/51

. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

BOP – Functions The following functions and requirements typically apply to CT BOPs:

( i rams andd shear (pipe h rams))

 Secure/support the tubing string against the operating weight or snubbing force (slip rams)

Schlumberger Private

 Provide a secondary barrier against wellbore pressure and fluids

 Shear the tubing string under operating conditions (shear rams)  Provide wellbore access for fluid (kill port) and pressure measurement (pressure port)

 Support the weight (and forces applied) of the CT equipment under the rated wellbore pressure 26/51

. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Quad BOP – Components Upper flange/connection adapter

Equalizing valve

Blind rams Shear rams

Schlumberger Private

Pressure port

Kill port Slip rams Equalizing valve

Pipe rams

Lower flange/connection adapter 27/51

. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Onshore Rig up

Quad BOP Injector head

Lower BOP adapter

Schlumberger Private

Quick latch body

Swab valve and tree

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Stripper Quick latch pin

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Th Continuous The C i (Coiled) (C il d) TTubing bi Schlumberger Private 29/51

. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

The Continuous (Coiled) Tubing

times iinto ti t it its plastic l ti yield i ld area.  CT Life is dependent on  Number of Bends  Internal pressure while bending takes place  The bending radius  Tubing can be protected against acid and H2S corrosion

Schlumberger Private

 CT properties  In sizes from 1” 1 up to 3-1/2 3 1/2”  Most common sizes are 1-1/4” and 1-1/2”  Continuouslyy milled to lengths g of 25,000 ft  80,000 psi Yield grade is most common  Over the live of the tubing it might be bend as much as 500

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Steel Grade & Manufacturing for CT

Schlumberger Private

 Grades  70000, 80000, 90000, 100000 andd 110000 psii Yi Yield ld M Materials i l  Configurations  Butt Welded  Continuous Milled (Bias Weld)  Tapered Strings  True Tapered Strings  Manufacturers  Precision Tube Technology - e.g. HS80 and HS80CM  Quality Tubing - e.g. QT80 and QT800

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CT String Construction 250 ft strip p lengths g (Republic ( p Tubing, g, USA))

1983

1000 ft strip lengths

1985

1700 ft strip lengths

1986

3500 ft strip lengths (Japanese Suppliers)

1987

Tubing milled continuously

Schlumberger Private

1965

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CT String Construction (2)

3/4-in.

1-in.

1978

1986

1-1/4-in. 1-1/2-in.

1-3/4-in.

1989

2-in.

1995

Schlumberger Private

1965

1970

1988

1992 1990 1989

2 3/8 in 2-3/8-in.

2 7/8 in 2-7/8-in.

3 1/2 in 3-1/2-in.

4 1/2 in 4-1/2-in.

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Biased Weld Strips preparation

Schlumberger Private

Weld completed and area heat treated

Tube formed

Biased Weld Configuration

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Biased Weld Longitudinal weld profile Schlumberger Private

Bias weld profile

Biased weld and longitudinal weld forms

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Tapered String Heavier wall

Intermediate

Lighter wall

Schlumberger Private

Butt weld or bias weld

Butt weld or bias weld

Tapered String Configuration 36/51

. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Material Specifications Min Wall Inch

1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75

0.109 0.125 0.134 0.156 0.175 0.190 0.204

0.104 0.118 0.128 0.148 0.167 0.180 0.195

ID Inch

Nom Weight lbs/ft

Min Yield lbf

Min Tensile lbf

Hydro Test psi

Int Yield psi

1.532 1.500 1.482 1.438 1.400 1.370 1.342

1.915 2.175 2.318 2.662 2.951 3.173 3.377

43800 49800 53100 60900 67500 72600 77300

47800 54200 57800 66400 73600 79100 84200

8300 9400 10100 11700 13100 14100 15200

9200 10400 11300 13000 14500 15600 16800

Schlumberger Private

OD Inch

Nom Wall Inch

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. Well Intervention Tubing CoilLIMIT - Real Time with Coiled Real Time Information

Schlumberger Private 38/51

. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Stress / Strain Diagram for CT pipe

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Low Cycle y Fatigue g

Schlumberger Private

Full Scale Fatigue Testing was conducted during 1989 1989, providing the basis for the Dowell CoilLIFE Code 40/51

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Fatigue Monitoring C urrent L ife C oilLIFE

P rev. L ife W eld

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Fatigu ue Life %

25

20

15

10

5

0 0

5000

10000

15000

Distance from CT Downhole End (c) S chlum berger D owell 1994-96

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Keeping Track of Fatigue C ilCAT CoilCAT CoilLIFE

16 Life 14 12

8 6 Life - % Fatigue 4 2 0

0

2000

4000 Distance from CT downhole end - ft

6000

8000

(c) Schlumberger Dowell 1994-96

1. CoilLIFE stored on reel

Schlumberger Private

10

2. CoilLIFE transferred to Data Acquisition system prior to job

CoilCAT CoilLIFE

16

Current Life Prev. Life Weld

14 12 10 8 6 Life - % Fatigue 4 2 0

3. CoilLIFE Updated during job 0

2000

4000 Distance from CT downhole end - ft

6000

8000

(c) Schlumberger Dowell 1994-96

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11. Well Intervention Typical Applications of CTwith Coiled Tubing

Schlumberger Private

Conveying Fluids Downhole Tools El t i Li Electric Line Drilling with CT

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Coiled Tubing g Applications pp

Watch Jet Blaster DVD

Schlumberger Private

 Conventional  Washingg and cleaningg operations p  Intervention with mechanical tools  Remedial Stimulation  Non-conventional  Electric Line (pushing logging tools)  Scale Removal (Abrasive Jetting)  Underbalanced Drilling  Special Operations  Multilateral Interventions  Subsea Wells  HPHT Wells

Watch Discovery DVD

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Coiled Tubing Applications  Conveying Fluids  Circulating fluids in place under live conditions Schlumberger Private

 Conveying Tools  Performing mechanical work over tasks in the well.  Electric Line  Pushing logging tools and/or providing circulating capabilities  Coiled Tubing Drilling  For through g tubing g or underbalanced drillingg operations p

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Conveying Fluids The most common use for Coiled Tubing is as a conveyance method for fluids :

 Wellbore Clean Outs

Schlumberger Private

 Nitrogen Kick Offs

 Cementing thru CT  Acidizing thru CT  Scale and Paraffin Removal 46/51

. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Nitrogen Kick Off  Inducing well to flow by lowering

 System is optimum when :  CT is at deepest point in well.  Nitrogen Nit rate t is i lowest l t  Annulus allows for maximum

Schlumberger Private

hydrostatic head through pumping nitrogen gas.

flow (Smallest CT)

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

Conveying Tools The use of Coiled Tubingg to conveyy mechanical tools is an essential part of most well intervention phases Washing Subs Check Valves for Well Control Fishing Slickline Downhole Motors HP Jetting J tti Pre-packed Gravel Pack Screens Bridge g Plugs g Inflatable Packers

Schlumberger Private

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High Pressure Jetting  Use jetting energy to remove

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Schlumberger Private

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scale by creating a pressure drop across a DH jetting nozzle. U d with Used ith hard h d scale l Used with ID variety Nozzle(s) ( ) need to cover 360 deg of ID by rotating head or indexing. Process is sensitive to :  Abrasives Loading  Rate of Penetration  Pressure Drop

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El t i Logging Electric L i with ith CT = CTL

downhole to and from surface telemetry occurs through a wire

Schlumberger Private

 CTL ddefinition fi iti  The conveying of tools with Coiled Tubing whereby the

 Applications  Pushing logging tools in high angle wells wells, pumping while logging and logging while pumping.

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. Well Intervention with Coiled Tubing

System Components - CT Logging Coiled Tubing with internal Cable

Schlumberger Private

Collector Pressure Bulkhead Deployment System

Logging gg g Unit

CT Logging Head Logging Suite 51/51