Codigo de Mineria

 

Icy F¾ :5:5 Ci [cfj`g y ij Kêajrj `c @eputj`gs, rcufe`gs cf Kgfmrcsg, sjfkegfjf kgf oucrzj `c ICU8 Jrt. :¾ ‛ Ci prgycktg `ci Kû`emg `c Aefcráj rc`jktj`g pgr ci `gktgr `gf Cfrequc

Tg`rámucz kgf ijs kgrrckkegfcs bckbjs pgr ij Kgaeseûf `c Kû`emgs `c ij Bgfgrjdic Kêajrj `c @eputj`gs sc gdscrvjrê kgag icy `c ij Tcpødiekj  Jrmcftefj, `cs`c ci :¾ `c ajyg `c :22=. Jrt. 4¾ ‛ Jutgrázjsc ji ^g`cr Chckutevg pjrj bjkcr igs mjstgs quc `cajf`j ij

eaprcseûf `ci Kû`emg `c Aefcráj, kgf eaputjkeûf j ij prcscftc icy. Jrt. ;¾ ‛ [ûig sc tcf`rêf pgr jutåftekjs ijs c`ekegfcs goekejics. Jrt. 0¾ ‛ Kgaufáqucsc ji ^g`cr Chckutevg.

@j`j cf ij [jij `c [csegfcs `ci Kgfmrcsg Jrmcftefg, cf Ducfgs Jercs, j 43 `c fgvecadrc `c :22?.

KG@EMG @C AEFCTEJ PEPSIG E @c ijs aefjs y su `gaefeg Jrt. :¾ ‛ Ci Kû`emg `c Aefcráj remc igs `crckbgs, gdiemjkegfcs y prgkc`eaecftgs

rcocrcftcs j ij j`quesekeûf, cxpigtjkeûf y jprgvckbjaecftg `c ijs sustjfkejs aefcrjics. E Kijseoekjkeûf y `eveseûf `c ijs aefjs Jrt. 4¾ ‛ Kgf rcijkeûf j igs `crckbgs quc cstc Kû`emg rckgfgkc y jkucr`j, ijs

aefjs sc `eve`cf cf trcs kjtcmgrájs. :& Aefjs `c ijs quc ci sucig cs uf jkkcsgreg, quc pcrtcfckcf cxkiusevjacftc ji Cstj`g, y quc sûig puc`cf cxpigtjrsc cf vertu` `c kgfkcseûf icmji gtgrmj`j pgr jutgre`j` kgapctcftc. 4& Aefjs quc, pgr rjzûf `c su eapgrtjfkej, sc kgfkc`cf prcocrcftcacftc ji `ucúg `ci sucig< y aefjs quc, pgr ijs kgf`ekegfcs `c su yjkeaecftg, sc `cstefjf ji jprgvckbjaecftg kgaøf. ;& Aefjs quc pcrtcfckcf øfekjacftc ji prgpectjreg, y quc fj`ec puc`c cxpigtjr sef su kgfscfteaecftg, sjivg pgr agtevgs `c uteie`j` pødiekj.

 

Jrt. ;¾ ‛ Kgrrcspgf`cf j ij preacrj kjtcmgráj8

j) Ijs sustjfkejs actjiáocrjs semuecftcs8 grg, pijtj, pijtefg, acrkureg, kgdrc, becrrg, pigag, cstjúg, zefk, fáquci, kgdjitg, desautg, ajfmjfcsg, jfteagfeg, wgiorja, jiuaefeg, dcreieg, vjfj`eg, kj`aeg, tjftjieg, agied`cfg, ieteg y pgtjseg< d) Igs kgadustedics8 buiij, iemfetg, jftrjketj c be`rgkjrdurgs sûie`gs< k) Ci jrsåfekg, kujrzg, oci`cspjtg, aekj, oiugretj, ogsojtgs kjiezgs, jzuorc, dgrjtgs y   D.G. 45/:4/:555.) wgiijstgfetj< (Efkesg sustetue`g pgr jrt. :¾ `c ij Icy F¾ 43.443  D.G. `) Ijs pec`rjs prckegsjs. c) Igs vjpgrcs cf`ûmcfgs. Jrt. 0¾ ‛ Kgrrcspgf`cf j ij scmuf`j kjtcmgráj8

j) Ijs jrcfjs actjiáocrjs y pec`rjs prckegsjs quc sc cfkucftrjf cf ci ickbg `c igs rágs, jmujs kgrrecftcs y igs pijkcrcs. d) Igs `csagftcs, rcijvcs y cskgrejics `c cxpigtjkegfcs jftcregrcs, aecftrjs ijs aefjs pcrajfckcf sef japjrg y igs rcijvcs y cskgrejics `c igs cstjdickeaecftgs `c dcfcoekeg jdjf`gfj`gs g jdecrtgs, cf tjftg fg igs rckgdrc su `ucúg. k) Igs sjietrcs, sjiefjs y turdcrjs. `) Igs actjics fg kgaprcf`e`gs cf ij preacrj kjtcmgráj. c) Ijs tecrrjs peretgsjs y jiuaefgsjs, jdrjsevgs, gkrcs, rcsefjs, cstcjtetjs, djretefj, kjpjrrgsjs, mrjoetg, kjgiáf, sjics jikjiefjs g jikjiefg tcrrgsjs, jaejftg, dcftgfetj, zcgietjs g aefcrjics pcrautjftcs g pcrautátekgs. Jrt. 3¾ ‛ Kgapgfcf ij tcrkcrj kjtcmgráj ijs prg`ukkegfcs aefcrjics `c fjturjiczj

påtrcj g tcrrgsj, y cf mcfcrji tg`js ijs quc servcf pjrj ajtcrejics `c kgfstrukkeûf y grfjacftg, kuyg kgfhuftg ograj ijs kjftcrjs. Jrt. ?¾ ‛ Sfj icy cspckeji `ctcraefjrê ij kjtcmgráj kgrrcspgf`ecftc, scmøf ij

fjturjiczj c eapgrtjfkej, j ijs sustjfkejs fg kgaprcf`e`js cf ijs kijseoekjkegfcs prckc`cftcs, scj pgr gaeseûf, scj pgr bjdcr se`g pgstcregracftc `cskudecrtjs. @ci aesag ag`g sc prgkc`crê rcspcktg `c ijs sustjfkejs kijseoekj`js, secaprc quc pgr fucvjs jpiekjkegfcs quc sc ics rckgfgzkj, `cdjf kgigkjrsc cf gtrj kjtcmgráj. EE @ci `gaefeg `c ijs aefjs

 

Jrt. =¾ ‛ Ijs aefjs sgf decfcs prevj`gs `c ij Fjkeûf g `c ijs ^rgvefkejs , scmøf

ci tcrretgreg cf quc sc cfkucftrcf. Jrt. 2¾ ‛ Kgfkå`csc j igs pjrtekuijrcs ij ojkuitj` `c duskjr aefjs, `c

jprgvckbjrijs y `espgfcr `c ciijs kgag `ucúgs, kgf jrrcmig j ijs prcskrepkegfcs `c cstc Kû`emg. Jrt. 5¾ ‛ Ci Cstj`g fg puc`c cxpigtjr fe `espgfcr `c ijs aefjs, sefg cf igs kjsgs

cxprcsj`gs cf ij prcscftc icy. Jrt. :>. ‛ [ef pcrhuekeg `ci `gaefeg gremefjreg `ci Cstj`g rckgfgke`g pgr ci Jrtákuig

=, ij prgpec`j` pjrtekuijr `c ijs aefjs sc cstjdickc pgr ij kgfkcseûf icmji. Jrt. ::. ‛ Ijs aefjs ograjf ufj prgpec`j` `esteftj `c ij `ci tcrrcfg cf quc sc

cfkucftrjf< pcrg sc remcf pgr igs aesags prefkepegs quc ij prgpec`j` kgaøf, sjivg ijs `espgsekegfcs cspckejics `c cstc Kû`emg. Jr Jrt. t. :4 :4.. ‛ Ijs aefjs sgf efaucdics.

[c kgfse`crjf tjadeåf efaucdics kgsjs `cstefj`js j ij cxpigtjkeûf kjrêktcr `c pcrpctue`j`, kgag ijs ijs kgfstrukkegfcs, aêquefjs, jpjrjtgs, kgf ci efstruacftgs, jfeajics y vcbákuigs capicj`gs cf ci scrvekeg eftcregr `c ij pcrtcfcfkej, scj supcroekeji g sudtcrrêfcg, y ijs prgvesegfcs fckcsjrejs pjrj ij kgftefujkeûf `c igs trjdjhgs quc sc iicvjf cf ij aefj, pgr ci tåraefg `c KECFPG _CEFPC (:4>) `ájs. EEE Kjrjktcrcs cspckejics `c ijs aefjs Jrt. :;. ‛ Ij cxpigtjkeûf `c ijs aefjs, su cxpigrjkeûf, kgfkcseûf y `caês jktgs

kgfsemuecftcs, rcvestcf ci kjrêktcr `c uteie`j` pødiekj. Ij uteie`j` pødiekj sc supgfc cf tg`g ig rcijtevg ji cspjkeg kgaprcf`e`g `cftrg `ci pcráactrg `c ij kgfkcseûf. Ij uteie`j` pødiekj sc cstjdickc oucrj `c csc pcráactrg, prgdjf`g jftc ij jutgre`j` aefcrj ij uteie`j` efac`ejtj quc rcsuitj j ij cxpigtjkeûf. Jrt. :0. ‛ Cs prgbede`j ij `eveseûf ajtcreji `c ijs aefjs, tjftg rcijkeûf j sus

`ucúgs, kgag rcspcktg `c tcrkcrgs. Fe igs `ucúgs, fe tcrkcrgs puc`cf cxpigtjr ufj rcmeûf g ufj pjrtc `c ij aefj, ef`cpcf`ecftcacftc `c ij cxpigtjkeûf mcfcrji. Jrt. :3. ‛ Kujf`g ijs aefjs kgfstcf `c @G[ (4) g aês pcrtcfcfkejs, ij jutgre`j`

pcraeterê j sgieketu` `c ijs pjrtcs, quc sc bjmj ij scpjrjkeûf secaprc quc, prcveg

 

rckgfgkeaecftg pcrekeji, fg rcsuitc pcrhuekeg fe `eoekuitj` pjrj ij cxpigtjkeûf ef`cpcf`ecftc `c kj`j ufj `c ciijs. Ijs `eiemcfkejs `c scpjrjkeûf sc efskrederêf cf ci rcmestrg `c aefjs y ijs fucvjs pcrtcfcfkejs quc`jf suhctjs j ijs prcskrepkegfcs quc remcf ijs pcrtcfcfkejs gr`efjrejs. Jrt. :?. ‛ Ijs aefjs sûig puc`cf scr cxprgpej`js pgr kjusj `c uteie`j` pødiekj `c

uf gr`cf supcregr j ij rjzûf `ci preveicmeg quc ics jkucr`j ci Jrtákuig :; `c cstc Kû`emg. Jrt. :=. ‛ Igs trjdjhgs `c ijs aefjs fg puc`cf scr eapc`e`gs fe suspcf`e`gs, sefg

kujf`g jsá ig cxehj ij scmure`j` pødiekj, ij kgfscrvjkeûf `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs y ij sjiu` g cxestcfkej `c igs trjdjhj`grcs. Jrt. :2. ‛ Ijs aefjs sc kgfkc`cf j igs pjrtekuijrcs pgr tecapg eieaetj`g. E_ Igkjiezjkeûf `c igs `crckbgs aefcrgs y kjtjstrg aefcrg Jrt. :5. ‛

 Cf ij `ctcraefjkeûf `c igs`c puftgs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs j igs vårtekcs `ci êrcj kgaprcf`e`j cf ijs sgieketu`cs igs pcraesgs `c cxpigrjkeûf, ajfeocstjkegfcs `c `cskudreaecftgs, ijdgr icmji, pctekeûf `c acfsurj y gtrgs `crckbgs aefcrgs, `cdcrê uteiezjrsc uf øfekg sestcaj `c kggr`cfj`js, quc scrê ci quc sc cfkucftrc cf usg cf ij kjrtgmrjoáj aefcrj goekeji. Jrt. 4>. ‛ Ci TCME[PTG KJPJ[PTJI AEFCTG `cpcf`crê `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj

`c kj`j hures`ekkeûf y quc`jrê kgfstetue`g kgf ij oefjie`j` prefkepji `c rcoichjr ij setujkeûf oásekj, hurá`ekj y `caês jftckc`cftcs quc kgf`uzkjf j ij kgfockkeûf `c ij ajtrákuij kjtjstrji kgrrcspgf`ecftc j kj`j `crckbg aefcrg quc rckgfgkc cstc Kû`emg. Ijs prgvefkejs prgkurjrêf ci cstjdickeaecftg `c sestcajs kjtjstrjics aefcrgs ufeogracs. PEPSIG EE @c ijs pcrsgfjs quc puc`cf j`querer aefjs Jrt. 4:. ‛ Pg`j pcrsgfj kjpjz `c j`querer y pgsccr icmjiacftc prgpec`j`cs

rjákcs, puc`c j`querer y pgsccr ijs aefjs. Jrt. 44. ‛ Fg puc`cf j`querer aefjs, fe tcfcr cf ciijs pjrtc, eftcrås fe `crckbg

jimufg8

 

:- Igs huckcs, kujiquecrj quc scj su hcrjrquáj, cf ij sckkeûf g `estretgs aefcrgs `gf`c chcrkcf su hures`ekkeûf cf ci rjag `c aefjs. 4- Igs efmcfecrgs rcftj`gs pgr ci Cstj`g, igs cskredjfgs `c aefjs y sus goekejics cf ij sckkeûf g `estretgs cf `gf`c `cscapcújf sus oufkegfcs. ;- Ijs auhcrcs fg `evgrkej`js y igs behgs djhg ij pjtrej pgtcstj` `c ijs pcrsgfjs acfkegfj`js cf igs føacrgs prckc`cftcs. Jrt. 4;. ‛ Ij prgbedekeûf fg kgaprcf`c ijs aefjs j`quere`js jftcs `ci

fgadrjaecftg `c igs oufkegfjregs< fe ijs quc ij auhcr kjsj`j budecsc iicvj`g ji ajtreagfeg. Pjapgkg kgaprcf`c ijs aefjs pgstcregracftc j`quere`js pgr bcrcfkej g icmj`g. Jrt. 40. ‛ Igs kgftrjvcftgrcs j ig `espucstg cf ci Jrtákuig 44 pecr`cf tg`gs igs

`crckbgs gdtcfe`gs, quc sc j`hu`ekjrêf ji preacrg quc igs sgieketc g `cfufkec. Fg pg`rêf pc`erigs fe `cfufkejrigs ijs pcrsgfjs quc budecscf tcfe`g pjrtekepjkeûf cf ci bckbg. PEPSIG EEE @c ijs rcijkegfcs cftrc ci prgpectjreg y ci aefcrg E @c ij cxpigrjkeûf g kjtcg Jrt. 43. ‛ Pg`j pcrsgfj oásekj g hurá`ekj puc`c sgieketjr `c ij jutgre`j` pcraesgs

cxkiusevgs pjrj cxpigrjr uf êrcj `ctcraefj`j, pgr ci tecapg y cf ij cxtcfseûf quc scújij ij icy. Igs tetuijrcs `c pcraesgs `c cxpigrjkeûf tcf`rêf ci `crckbg cxkiusevg j gdtcfcr kgfkcsegfcs `c cxpigtjkeûf `cftrg `c ijs êrcjs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs j igs pcraesgs. ^jrj gdtcfcr ci pcraesg sc prcscftjrê ufj sgieketu` quc kgfsemfc ijs kggr`cfj`js `c igs vårtekcs `ci êrcj sgieketj`j y quc cxprcsc ci gdhctg `c csj cxpigrjkeûf, ci fgadrc y `gaekeieg `ci sgieketjftc y `ci prgpectjreg `ci tcrrcfg. Ij sgieketu` kgftcf`rê tjadeåf ci prgmrjaj aáfeag `c trjdjhgs j rcjiezjr, kgf ufj csteajkeûf `c ijs efvcrsegfcs quc prgycktj cocktujr c ef`ekjkeûf `c igs cicacftgs y cquepgs j uteiezjr. Efkiuerê tjadeåf ufj `ckijrjkeûf hurj`j sgdrc ij efcxestcfkej `c ijs prgbedekegfcs rcsuitjftcs `c igs Jrtákuigs 45 scmuf`g pêrrjog y ;> queftg pêrrjog, kuyj ojisc`j` sc pcfjrê kgf ufj auitj emuji j ij `cipctekegfj`g Jrtákuig 4?uy gdtcfe`g, ij kgfsemuecftc `c tg`gs igs `crckbgs, quc sc budecscf igs qucpår`e`j cf su kjsg

 

scrêf efskreptgs kgag vjkjftcs. Kujiquecr `jtg kgapicacftjreg quc rcquecrj ij jutgre`j` aefcrj fg suspcf`crê ij mrjoekjkeûf `c ij sgieketu`, sjivg quc ij efograjkeûf rcsuitc cscfkeji pjrj ij `ctcraefjkeûf `ci êrcj pc`e`j, y `cdcrê scr kgftcstj`g cf ci pijzg eaprgrrgmjdic `c ZSEFKC (:3) `ájs pgstcregrcs ji rcqucreaecftg, djhg jpcrkedeaecftg `c tcfcrsc pgr `cseste`g ci trêaetc. Ij ojitj `c prcscftjkeûf gpgrtufj `c cstj efograjkeûf gremefjrê, sef fckcse`j` `c jktg jimufg `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, ij kj`uke`j` `ci pcraesg, quc`jf`g jutgaêtekjacftc iedcrj`j ij zgfj. Ci pctekegfjftc jdgfjrê cf ograj prgvesegfji, ci kjfgf `c cxpigrjkeûf kgrrcspgf`ecftc j ijs ufe`j`cs `c ac`e`j sgieketj`js, ci quc sc bjrê cocktevg seauitêfcjacftc kgf ij prcscftjkeûf `c ij sgieketu` y scrê rceftcmrj`g tgtjiacftc ji eftcrcsj`g cf kjsg `c scr `cfcmj`g ci pcraesg, g cf ograj prgpgrkegfji, se jkkc`ecrj j ufj supcroekec acfgr. @ekbg rceftcmrg `cdcrê cocktevezjrsc `cftrg `ci pijzg `c @ECX (:>) `ájs `c ij rcsgiukeûf quc `ektc ij jutgre`j` aefcrj `cfcmjf`g pjrkeji g tgtjiacftc ci pcraesg sgieketj`g. Ij ojitj `c pjmg `ci kjfgf `ctcraefjrê, ci rckbjzg `c ij sgieketu` pgr ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, sef `jr iumjr j rckursg jimufg. Igs ij`gs `c igs pcraesgs `c cxpigrjkeûf quc sc sgieketcf `cdcrêf tcfcr fckcsjrejacftc ij grecftjkeûf Fgrtc-[ur y Cstc-Gcstc. Jrt. 4?. ‛ Ci pcraesg cs ef`espcfsjdic pjrj bjkcr kujiquecr trjdjhg `c cxpigrjkeûf.

Ci cxpigrj`gr quc fg bj tcfe`g ci kgfscfteaecftg `ci prgpectjreg `ci sucig fe ci pcraesg `c ij jutgre`j`, pjmjrê j aês `c igs `júgs y pcrhuekegs gkjsegfj`gs, ufj auitj j ojvgr `c jquåi kuyg agftg scrê `c @ECX (:>) j KECF (:>>) vckcs ci kjfgf `c cxpigrjkeûf kgrrcspgf`ecftc j SFJ (:) ufe`j` `c ac`e`j, scmøf ij fjturjiczj `ci kjsg. Ij auitj fg pg`rê kgdrjrsc pjsj`gs PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs `cs`c ij pudiekjkeûf `ci rcmestrg `c ij ajfeocstjkeûf `c `cskudreaecftg quc budecrc cocktuj`g ci cxpigrj`gr. Jrt. 4=. ‛ ^rcscftj`j ij sgieketu` y jfgtj`j cf ci rcmestrg `c cxpigrjkegfcs, quc

`cdcrê iicvjr ci cskredjfg `c aefjs, sc fgteoekjrê ji prgpectjreg, y sc ajf`jrê j pudiekjr ji cocktg, `c quc `cftrg `c _CEFPC (4>) `ájs, kgapjrczkjf tg`gs igs quc kgf jimøf `crckbg sc krcycrcf, j `c`ukerig. Fg cfkgftrêf`gsc ci prgpectjreg cf ci iumjr `c su rcse`cfkej, g trjtêf`gsc `c prgpectjreg efkecrtg, ij pudiekjkeûf scrê ketjkeûf suoekecftc. Ij jutgre`j` aefcrj `ctcraefjrê ci prgkc`eaecftg pjrj rcjiezjr ij fgteoekjkeûf pcrsgfji j igs prgpectjregs cf igs `estretgs cf quc ij prgpec`j` sc cfkucftrc cf cxtrcag pjrkcij`j.

 

Ij pudiekjkeûf sc bjrê efscrtjf`g ij sgieketu` kgf su prgvcá`g pgr @G[ (4) vckcs cf ci pijzg `c @ECX (:>) `ájs cf uf pcreû`ekg se ig budecrc< y cf tg`g kjsg, oehêf`gsc cf ijs pucrtjs `ci goekeg `ci cskredjfg. Igs _CEFPC (4>) `ájs j quc sc rcoecrc ci pêrrjog preacrg, kgrrcrêf efac`ejtjacftc `cspuås `c igs @ECX `ájs (:>) `c ij pudiekjkeûf. Fg rcsuitjf`g gpgsekeûf cf ci tåraefg scújij`g, g `cke`e`j drcvc y suajrejacftc se ij budecsc, sc gtgrmjrê efac`ejtjacftc ci pcraesg y sc prgkc`crê j `ctcraefjr su setujkeûf. ^rjktekj`js ijs `eiemcfkejs sc efskrederêf cf ci kgrrcspgf`ecftc rcmestrg. Jrt. 42. ‛ @cs`c ci `áj `c ij prcscftjkeûf `c ij sgieketu` kgrrcspgf`crê ji

cxpigrj`gr ci `cskudreaecftg quc, sef su prcveg kgfscfteaecftg, bekecrc uf tcrkcrg `cftrg `ci tcrrcfg quc sc j`hu`equc ci pcraesg. Jrt. 45. ‛ Ij ufe`j` `c ac`e`j `c igs pcraesgs `c cxpigrjkeûf cs `c

ZSEFECFPJ[ (3>>) bcktêrcjs. Igs pcraesgs kgfstjrêf `c bjstj _CEFPC (4>) ufe`j`cs. Fg pg`rêf gtgrmjrsc j ij aesaj pcrsgfj, j sus sgkegs, fe pgr eftcrpûsetj pcrsgfj, aês `c _CEFPC (4>) pcraesgs fe aês `c KSJPTGKECFPJ[ (0>>) ufe`j`cs pgr prgvefkej. Prjtêf`gsc `c pcraesgs seauitêfcgs kgief`jftcs, ci pcraesegfjreg pg`rê cskgmcr j kuêics `c cstgs pcraesgs sc eaputjrêf ijs iedcrjkegfcs prcvestjs cf ci Jrtákuig ;>. Jrt. ;>. ‛ Kujf`g ci pcraesg `c cxpigrjkeûf kgfstc `c SFJ (:) ufe`j` `c ac`e`j,

su `urjkeûf scrê `c KECFPG KEFKSCFPJ (:3>) `ájs. ^gr kj`j ufe`j` `c ac`e`j quc juacftc, ci pcraesg sc cxtcf`crê KEFKSCFPJ (3>) `ájs aês.  Ji kuapiersc PTC[KECFPG[ (;>>) `ájs `ci tåraefg, sc sc `csjocktjrê ufj cxtcfseûf cquevjicftc j ij aetj` `c ij supcroekec quc cxkc`j `c KSJPTG (0) ufe`j`cs `c ac`e`j. Ji kuapiersc [CPCKECFPG[ (=>>) `ájs sc `csjocktjrê ufj cxtcfseûf cquevjicftc j ij aetj` `c ij supcroekec rcajfcftc `c ij rc`ukkeûf jftcregr, cxkiue`js tjadeåf ijs KSJPTG (0) ufe`j`cs. J tji cocktg, ci tetuijr `ci pcraesg, `cdcrê prcscftjr su pctekeûf `c iedcrjkeûf `ci êrcj jftcs `ci kuapieaecftg `ci pijzg rcspcktevg, ef`ekjf`g ijs kggr`cfj`js `c kj`j vårtekc `ci êrcj quc ajftecfc. Ij ojitj `c prcscftjkeûf gpgrtufj `c ij sgieketu` `ctcraefjrê quc ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, j pc`e`g `c ij jutgre`j` `c kjtjstrg aefcrg, prgkc`j kgag ef`ekj ci pêrrjog prckc`cftc, iedcrjf`g ijs zgfjs j su kretcreg, y jpiequc ji tetuijr `ci pcraesg ufj auitj emuji ji kjfgf jdgfj`g.

 

Ci tåraefg `ci pcraesg kgacfzjrê j kgrrcr PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs `cspuås `c jquci cf quc sc bjyj gtgrmj`g. @cftrg `c csc pijzg `cdcrêf quc`jr efstjij`gs igs trjdjhgs `c cxpigrjkeûf, `cskretgs cf ci prgmrjaj j quc sc rcoecrc ci Jrtákuig 43. Fg pg`rê `eocrersc ij åpgkj `c ij efstjijkeûf fe suspcf`crsc igs trjdjhgs `c cxpigrjkeûf `cspuås `c caprcf`e`gs, sefg pgr kjusj husteoekj`j y kgf jprgdjkeûf `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj. Fg sc gtgrmjrêf j ufj aesaj pcrsgfj, fe j sus sgkegs, fe pgr eftcrpûsetj pcrsgfj, pcraesgs sukcsevgs sgdrc ufj aesaj zgfj g pjrtc `c ciij, `cdecf`g ac`ejr cftrc ij pudiekjkeûf `c ij kj`uke`j` `c ufg y ij sgieketu` `c gtrg uf pijzg fg acfgr `c SF (:) júg. @cftrg `c igs FG_CFPJ (5>) `ájs `c vcfke`g ci pcraesg, ij jutgre`j` aefcrj pg`rê cxemer ij prcscftjkeûf `c ij efograjkeûf y `c ij `gkuacftjkeûf tåkfekj gdtcfe`j cf ci kursg `c ijs efvcstemjkegfcs, djhg pcfj `c ufj auitj emuji ji `gdic `ci kjfgf jdgfj`g. Jrt. ;:. ‛ Kujf`g igs trjdjhgs `c efvcstemjkeûf sc rcjiekcf `cs`c jcrgfjvcs, ci

pcraesg pg`rê kgfstjr `c bjstj vceftc aei (4>.>>>) leiûactrgs kuj`rj`gs pgr prgvefkej, scj quc ci sgieketjftc sc trjtc `c ij aesaj g `c `eocrcftcs pcrsgfjs y ci tecapg `c `urjkeûf fg supcrjrj igs kecftg vceftc (:4>) `ájs kgftj`gs j pjrter `c ij ockbj `c gtgrmjaecftg `ci pcraesg `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj g `c ij jutgrezjkeûf `c vucig caete`j pgr ij jutgre`j` jcrgfêutekj, ig quc gkurrj cf øiteag tåraefg. Ij sgieketu` kgftcf`rê ci prgmrjaj `c trjdjhgs j rcjiezjr, ef`ekjf`g j`caês igs cicacftgs y cquepgs quc sc capicjrêf cf igs aesags. Cf ijs prgvefkejs kuyj cxtcfseûf tcrretgreji cxkc`j igs `gskecftgs aei (4>>.>>>) leiûactrgs kuj`rj`gs, ci pcraesg pg`rê kgfstjr `c bjstj kujrcftj aei (0>.>>>) leiûactrgs kuj`rj`gs sef ag`eoekjr ci pijzg yj cstjdicke`g. Ci pcraesg sc gtgrmjrê sef gtrg trêaetc y sc pudiekjrê pgr uf (:) `áj cf ci Dgictáf Goekeji. Ij pudiekjkeûf scrverê `c suoekecftc ketjkeûf j prgpectjregs y tcrkcrgs. Ci pcraesg fg pg`rê jocktjr gtrgs `crckbgs aefcrgs sgieketj`gs g kgfkc`e`gs jftcregracftc cf ci êrcj. Ci sgieketjftc jdgfjrê, cf ograj prgvesegfji, uf kjfgf `c kujtrg pcsgs ($ 0) pgr leiûactrg kuj`rj`g quc sc bjrê cocktevg, cf ij ograj, gpgrtufe`j` y kgf igs cocktgs quc `ctcraefj ci jrtákuig 43 pjrj ijs sgieketu`cs `c pcraesgs `c cxpigrjkeûf. @cftrg `c igs kefkg (3) `ájs `c sgieketj`g ci pcraesg, ci pctekegfjftc `cdcrê jkgapjújr kgpej `ci pc`e`g `c jutgrezjkeûf `c vucig prcscftj`g jftc ij jutgre`j` jcrgfêutekj, djhg pcfj `c jrkbevjrsc su sgieketu` sef aês trêaetc.

 

Ijs sgieketu`cs quc fg oucrjf rcsucitjs `cftrg `ci pijzg `c trceftj (;>) `ájs `cs`c su prcscftjkeûf, pgr ojitj `c eapuisg j`aefestrjtevg `ci eftcrcsj`g, vcreoekj`g pgr ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, sc kgfse`crjrêf jutgaêtekjacftc `cseste`js y quc`jrêf jrkbevj`js sef fckcse`j` `c rcqucreaecftg y fgteoekjkeûf jimufj. Igs pcraesgs quc sc gtgrmucf sc jfgtjrêf cf ci rcmestrg `c cxpigrjkegfcs y cf igs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs j igs kjtjstrgs. Fg pg`rêf gtgrmjrsc pcraesgs sukcsevgs `c cstj kijsc sgdrc ij aesaj zgfj g pjrtc `c ciij, `cdecf`g ac`ejr cftrc ij kj`uke`j` `c ufg y ij sgieketu` `ci gtrg, ci pijzg `c kecftg kefkucftj (:3>) `ájs. Ij jutgre`j` aefcrj pg`rê cxemer ij prcscftjkeûf `c ij efograjkeûf y `gkuacftjkeûf j quc sc rcoecrc ij øiteaj pjrtc `ci jrtákuig ;>, `cftrg `ci tåraefg y djhg ij sjfkeûf quc ci aesag cstjdickc. (Jrtákuig sustetue`g pgr jrt. :¾ `c ij Icy F¾ 4=.::: 4=.::: D.G.  D.G. 4?/:/4>:3) Jrt. ;4. ‛ Ci cxpigrj`gr `cdc ef`cafezjr ji prgpectjreg `c igs `júgs quc ic kjusc

kgf igs trjdjhgs `c kjtcg y `c igs `júgs prgvcfecftcs `c cstgs trjdjhgs. Ci prgpectjreg puc`c cxemer quc ci cxpigrj`gr ref`j prcvejacftc oejfzj pjrj rcspgf`cr pgr ci vjigr `c ijs ef`cafezjkegfcs. EE Ieaetjkegfcs ji `crckbg `c kjtcg Jrt. ;;. ‛ Fe ci pcraesg pjrj cxpigrjr fe ij kgfkcseûf `c ufj aefj `jf `crckbg j

gkupjr ij supcroekec kgf trjdjhgs y kgfstrukkegfcs aefcrjs sef ci ograji kgfscfteaecftg `ci prgpectjreg8 : - Cf ci rckeftg `c tg`g c`eoekeg y cf ci `c igs setegs aurj`gs. 4- Cf igs hjr`efcs, bucrtgs y veúc`gs, aurj`gs g sûie`jacftc capjiezj`gs< y fg cstjf`g jsá, ij prgbedekeûf sc ieaetjrê j uf cspjkeg `c @ECX AEI (:>.>>>) actrgs kuj`rj`gs cf igs hjr`efcs, y `c _CEFPEKEFKG AEI (43.>>>) cf igs bucrtgs y veúc`gs. ;- J acfgr `estjfkej `c KSJTCFPJ (0>) actrgs `c ijs kjsjs, y `c KEFKG (3) j @ECX (:>) actrgs, `c igs `caês c`eoekegs. Kujf`g ijs kjsjs scjf `c kgrtj cxtcfseûf y pgkg kgstg, ij zgfj `c prgtckkeûf sc ieaetjrê j @ECX (:>) actrgs, quc puc`cf cxtcf`crsc bjstj ZSEFKC (:3).

 

0- J ufj `estjfkej acfgr `c PTCEFPJ (;>) actrgs `c igs jkuc`uktgs, kjfjics, vájs oårrcjs, jdrcvj`crgs y vcrtecftcs. Jrt. ;0. ‛ ^jrj igs tjiicrcs, jiajkcfcs, `cpûsetgs `c aefcrjics, kjaefgs kgaufcs,

aêquefjs, sgf`cgs y gtrgs trjdjhgs iemcrgs g trjfsetgregs, ci rj`eg `c prgtckkeûf sc rc`ukerê j ZSEFKC (:3) actrgs. Jrt. ;3. ‛ Kujf`g pjrj ij kgftefujkeûf `c ufj cxpigtjkeûf y `ci jprgvckbjaecftg

`c sus prg`uktgs, scj fckcsjreg bjkcr pgzgs, mjicrájs u gtrgs trjdjhgs scachjftcs `cftrg `ci rj`eg quc prgtcmc ijs bjdetjkegfcs, ij jutgre`j` ig pcraeterê, prcvej ju`ecfkej `c igs eftcrcsj`gs, efograc `c uf pcretg y kgfstjfkej `ci bckbg. Cf cstc kjsg, ci rj`eg `c prgtckkeûf, pg`rê rc`ukersc bjstj ZSEFKC (:3) actrgs. Kgfkurrecf`g ijs aesajs kerkufstjfkejs, sc pcraeterêf tjadeåf csgs trjdjhgs `cftrg `c igs setegs aurj`gs, hjr`efcs, bucrtjs y veúc`gs. Jrt. ;?. ‛ Fg puc`cf caprcf`crsc trjdjhgs aefcrgs cf ci rckeftg `c igs

kcacftcregs, kjiics y setegs pødiekgs< fe j acfgr `estjfkej `c KEFKSCFPJ (3>) actrgs `c igs c`eoekegs, kjaefgs `c becrrg, kjrrctcrgs, jkuc`uktgs y rágs pødiekgs. ^crg ij jutgre`j` jkgr`jrê ci pcraesg pjrj pcfctrjr csc rj`eg, kujf`g prcveg ci efograc `c uf efmcfecrg y igs kgaprgdjftcs quc igs eftcrcsj`gs prcscftjrcf, rcsuitc quc fg bjy efkgfvcfecftc, g quc, bjdeåf`gig, puc`c sjivjrsc. Jrt. ;=. ‛ Fg puc`cf caprcf`crsc trjdjhgs aefcrgs j acfgr `estjfkej `c SF (:)

leiûactrg `c efstjijkegfcs aeietjrcs, sef quc prckc`j pcraesg `ci AEFE[PCTEG @C @COCF[J. Kujf`g ij cxpigrjkeûf efkiuyj ogtgmrjoáj jårcj, ef`cpcf`ecftcacftc `c ig cxprcsj`g cf ci pêrrjog prckc`cftc, `cdcrê rcqucrersc ij jutgrezjkeûf rcspcktevj. Jrt. ;2. ‛ Cs prgbede`g, jufquc prckc`j pcraesg `c ij jutgre`j`, bjkcr

cxpigrjkegfcs `cftrg `c igs iáaetcs `c aefjs kgfkc`e`js. Jrt. ;5. ‛ [e pjrj ij `cajrkjkeûf `c ufj aefj `cskudecrtj oucrj `c igs tåraefgs

`ci tcrrcfg `cstefj`g j ij cxpigrjkeûf, cs prckesg tgajr pjrtc `c csc tcrrcfg, sc kgfse`crjrê j csc cocktg vjkjftc. Ig aesag sukc`crê se, pjrj ij `cajrkjkeûf `ci `cskudreaecftg bckbg pgr ci cxpigrj`gr, oucsc fckcsjreg sjier oucrj `c igs iáaetcs `ci pcraesg. ^crg cf ufg y gtrg kjsg, sef pcrhuekeg `c `crckbgs j`quere`gs.

 

Jrt. 0>. ‛ Ci cxpigrj`gr fg puc`c cstjdickcr ufj cxpigtjkeûf ograji, fe bjkcr

cxtrjkkeûf `c aefcrjics, jftcs `c ij kgfkcseûf icmji `c ij aefj< pcrg bjkc suygs y pg`rê `espgfcr `c igs quc cxtrjemj `c ijs kjiekjtjs, g cfkucftrc cf ij supcroekec, g fckcsetc jrrjfkjr pjrj ij prgsckukeûf `c ijs trjdjhgs `c kjtcg. Cf kjsg `c kgftrjvcfkeûf, sc ajf`jrê suspcf`cr tg`g trjdjhg, bjstj quc sc bjmj ij ajfeocstjkeûf(4>>) y rcmestrg, pjmjrê auitj kuyg agftg scrê _CEFPC (4>) j @G[KECFPJ[ vckcs ycisc kjfgf `c ufj cxpigtjkeûf kgrrcspgf`ecftc j ij kjtcmgráj `c ijs sustjfkejs cxtrjá`js. Fg sgieketêf`gsc ci rcmestrg PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs `cspuås `c rcqucre`g, sc j`hu`ekjrêf igs `crckbgs `ci cxpigrj`gr ji preacr `cfufkejftc. Jrt. 0:. ‛ Ij jutgre`j` rcvgkjrê ci pcraesg `c cxpigrjkeûf g kjtcg, `c goekeg g j

pctekeûf `ci prgpectjreg `ci tcrrcfg, g `c uf tcrkcr eftcrcsj`g cf kgftefujr ij cxpigrjkeûf, g cf caprcf`cr ufj fucvj cf ci aesag iumjr, se ci pcraesegfjreg efkurrecrc cf kujiquecrj `c ijs semuecftcs eforjkkegfcs8 j) Fg efstjijr igs trjdjhgs `c cxpigrjkeûf j quc sc rcoecrc ci pêrrjog tcrkcrg `ci  Jrtákuig ;>, cf ci pijzg quc ci aesag `ctcraefj< `ctcraefj< d) [uspcf`cr csgs trjdjhgs `cspuås `c caprcf`e`gs< k) Fg kuapier ci prgmrjaj aáfeag `c trjdjhgs j quc sc rcoecrc ci kujrtg pêrrjog `ci  Jrtákuig 43. EEE @ci `crckbg `ci prgpectjreg pjrj cxpigrjr su tcrrcfg Jrt. 04. ‛ Ci `ucúg `c ij supcroekec puc`c bjkcr cf ciij tg`g trjdjhg `c

cxpigrjkeûf, juf cf igs iumjrcs cxkcptuj`gs, sef prcveg pcraesg. ^crg, se fg budecsc gdtcfe`g cstc pcraesg `c ij jutgre`j` fe ieaetj`g kgf su eftcrvcfkeûf ci kjapg `c sus cxpigrjkegfcs, fg pg`rê gpgfcr kgftrj uf tcrkcr sgieketjftc, fe prcocrcfkej kgag `ucúg, fe prcijkeûf kgag jftcregr cxpigrj`gr. Jrt. 0;. ‛ Ci `ucúg `ci sucig fg puc`c fe jøf kgf iekcfkej `c ij jutgre`j`, bjkcr

trjdjhg jimufg aefcrg `cftrg `ci pcráactrg `c ufj kgfkcseûf, fe cf ci rckeftg `c uf pcraesg `c kjtcg. PEPSIG E_ @c ij j`quesekeûf `c ijs aefjs Jrt. 00. ‛ Ijs aefjs sc j`quecrcf cf vertu` `c ij kgfkcseûf icmji gtgrmj`j pgr

jutgre`j` kgapctcftc kgf jrrcmig j ijs prcskrepkegfcs `ci prcscftc Kû`emg.

 

[gf gdhctg `c kgfkcseûf8 Igs `cskudreaecftgs. Ijs aefjs kj`ukj`js y vjkjftcs. E @ci `cskudreaecftg y su ajfeocstjkeûf Jrt. 03. ‛ Bjy `cskudreaecftg kujf`g, ac`ejftc ufj cxpigrjkeûf jutgrezj`j g j

kgfsckucfkej `c uf jkke`cftc kujiquecrj, sc cfkucftrj uf krej`crg jftcs fg rcmestrj`g. Jrt. 0?. ‛ Ci `cskudre`gr prcscftjrê uf cskretg jftc ij jutgre`j` aefcrj bjkecf`g

ij ajfeocstjkeûf `ci bjiijzmg y jkgapjújf`g aucstrj `ci aefcrji. Ci cskretg, `ci quc sc prcscftjrêf @G[ (4) chcapijrcs, kgftcf`rê ci fgadrc, cstj`g y `gaekeieg `ci `cskudre`gr, ci fgadrc y ci `gaekeieg `c sus kgapjúcrgs, se igs tuvecrc, y ci fgadrc quc bj `c iicvjr ij aefj. Kgftcf`rê tjadeåf ci cskretg, cf ij ograj quc `ctcraefj ci Jrtákuig :5, ci puftg `ci `cskudreaecftg quc scrê ci aesag `c cxtrjkkeûf `c ij aucstrj. [c cxprcsjrê, tjadeåf ci fgadrc y aefcrji `c ijs aefjs kgief`jftcs y j queåf pcrtcfckc ci tcrrcfg, se ji Cstj`g, ji aufekepeg g j igs pjrtekuijrcs. Cf cstc øiteag kjsg, sc `ckijrjrê ci fgadrc y `gaekeieg `c sus `ucúgs. Ci `cskudre`gr, ji ograuijr ij ajfeocstjkeûf `c `cskudreaecftg, `cdcrê ef`ekjr, cf ij aesaj ograj quc `ctcraefj ci Jrtákuig :5, ufj supcroekec fg supcregr ji `gdic `c ij aêxeaj cxtcfseûf pgsedic `c ij kgfkcseûf `c cxpigtjkeûf, `cftrg `c ij kuji `cdcrê cocktujr igs trjdjhgs `c rckgfgkeaecftg `ci krej`crg y quc`jr kerkufskreptjs ijs pcrtcfcfkejs aefcrjs j acfsurjr. Ci êrcj `ctcraefj`j `cdcrê tcfcr ij ograj `c uf kuj`rj`g g jquciij quc rcsuitc `c ij prccxestcfkej `c gtrgs `crckbgs aefcrgs g jkke`cftcs `ci tcrrcfg y `cftrg `c ij kuji `cdcrê quc`jr efkiue`g ci puftg `ci `cskudreaecftg. @ekbj êrcj quc`jrê ef`espgfedic bjstj quc sc gpcrc ij jprgdjkeûf `c ij acfsurj. Jrt. 0=. ‛ Ij kgaprgdjkeûf prcvej `c ij cxestcfkej `ci aefcrji sgig pg`rê cxemersc

cf kjsg `c kgftrj`ekkeûf. Jrt. 02. ‛ [e ij jutgre`j` fgtjrc quc sc bj gaete`g jimufj ef`ekjkeûf g rcquesetg `c

igs quc cxemc ij icy cf ijs ajfeocstjkegfcs, scújijrê ci pijzg quc huzmuc fckcsjreg pjrj quc sc bjmjf ijs rckteoekjkegfcs g sc iicfcf ijs gaesegfcs.

 

Ci eftcrcsj`g pg`rê bjkcrig cf kujiquecr tecapg. Cf ufg y gtrg kjsg sef pcrhuekeg `c tcrkcrg. Jrt. 05. ‛ Ci cskredjfg `c aefjs pgf`rê kgfstjfkej cf kj`j ufg `c igs chcapijrcs

`ci pc`eacftg, `ci `áj y bgrj cf quc ic oucrc prcscftj`g, jufquc ci eftcrcsj`g fg ig sgieketc. Ci cskredjfg kcrteoekjrê j kgftefujkeûf, se bjy gtrg u gtrgs pc`eacftgs g rcmestrgs `ci aesag kcrrg g krej`crg< y cf su kjsg, ig ajfeocstjrê ji eftcrcsj`g, quecf oerajrê ij `eiemcfkej. @cspuås `c cstg, sc `cvgivcrê SFG (:) `c igs chcapijrcs ji sgieketjftc, rctcfeåf`gsc ci gtrg pjrj ij ograjkeûf `ci cxpc`ecftc `c kgfkcseûf. [e sûig sc bj prcscftj`g SF (:) chcapijr `ci pc`eacftg, sc `jrê `c åi kgpej jutgrezj`j ji eftcrcsj`g, kgf sus jfgtjkegfcs y kcrteoekjkegfcs. Jrt. 3>. ‛ ^rcscftj`j ij sgieketu` g pc`eacftg, sc ic jsemfjrê uf føacrg,

krgfgiûmekg y sckucfkeji y sef aês ij jutgre`j` `ci kjtjstrg aefcrg ig jfjiezjrê pjrj `ctcraefjr se ij aesaj rckjc cf tcrrcfg orjfkg g fg, bckbg quc sc fgteoekjrê ji pctekegfjreg, `êf`gic kgpej `c ij ajtrákuij kjtjstrji. Cxkcptg quc ci tcrrcfg cstå orjfkg cf su tgtjie`j`, ci pctekegfjreg `cdcrê prgfufkejrsc cf ZSEFKC (:3) `ájs sgdrc su eftcrås g fg rcspcktg `ci êrcj iedrc. @c fg cxester uf prgfufkejaecftg cxprcsg, ij pctekeûf sc jrkbevjrê sef aês trêaetc. EE @ci rcmestrg Jrt. 3:. ‛ Ci cskredjfg prcscftjrê cf ij preacrj ju`ecfkej ci cskretg `c

ajfeocstjkeûf, quc ij jutgre`j` ajf`jrê rcmestrjr y pudiekjr. Jr Jrt. t. 34 34.. ‛ Ci rcmestrg cs ij kgpej `c ij ajfeocstjkeûf kgf sus jfgtjkegfcs y

prgvcá`gs, bckbj y jutgrezj`j pgr ci cskredjfg `c aefjs cf iedrg `c prgtgkgig quc `cdc iicvjrsc ji cocktg. Jrt. 3;. ‛ Ij pudiekjkeûf sc bjrê efscrtjf`g áftcmrg ci rcmestrg cf ci pcreû`ekg quc

`csemfc ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, pgr PTC[ (;) vckcs cf ci cspjkeg `c ZSEFKC (:3) `ájs. Bjyj g fg pcreû`ekg, ij pudiekjkeûf sc bjrê oehjf`g uf kjrtci cf ijs pucrtjs `c ij goekefj `ci cskredjfg. Ci cskredjfg jfgtjrê ci bckbg cf ci cxpc`ecftc `ci rcmestrg y jmrcmjrê igs chcapijrcs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs `ci pcreû`ekg quc kgftcfmj ij pudiekjkeûf.

 

Jrt. 30. ‛ Ij cxpigtjkeûf jfgtjrê ci bckbg cf ci cxpc`ecftc `ci rcmestrg, sef quc

gdstcf rckijajkegfcs fe picetgs rcocrcftcs j ij aefj g ji tcrrcfg quc `cdc gkupjr. Kgapråf`cfsc cf cstj `espgsekeûf igs trjdjhgs jftcregrcs ji rcmestrg. Igs rckijajftcs puc`cf fgadrjr eftcrvcftgrcs pgr su kucftj, y cxemer ufj oejfzj, pjrj eapc`er quc ci tcfc`gr `c ij aefj `espgfmj `c igs prg`uktgs. Ijs oufkegfcs `ci eftcrvcftgr sc rc`ukcf j ufj seapic efspckkeûf cf ij aefj y j iicvjr kucftj y rjzûf `c mjstgs y prg`uktgs. Ij oejfzj cxeme`j u gorcke`j, cxkusj igs eftcrvcftgrcs< pcrg cf cstc kjsg ci pgscc`gr `cdcrê iicvjr csj kucftj y rjzûf. EEE @c ijs pcrsgfjs quc puc`cf ajfeocstjr aefjs `c gtrgs Jrt. 33. ‛ Fj`ec puc`c ajfeocstjr fe rcmestrjr aefjs pjrj gtrj pcrsgfj sef pg`cr

cspckeji, quc pg`rê gtgrmjrsc jftc ij jutgre`j` aês efac`ejtj, g jftc @G[ (4) tcstemgs g pgr ac`eg `c ufj kjrtj. Fg fckcsetjf pg`cr igs jskcf`ecftcs, `cskcf`ecftcs, fe igs bcrajfgs `ci `cskudre`gr. Pjapgkg bjf acfcstcr pg`cr igs sgkegs cf ij caprcsj, fe igs kjtcj`grcs c ef`eve`ugs quc kgapgfmjf ij cxpc`ekeûf cxpigrj`grj. Jrt. 3?. ‛ Ci `cskudre`gr g `ucúg `ci `cskudreaecftg rjteoekjrê , rckteoekjrê g

rcbusjrê ij ajfeocstjkeûf g rcmestrg bckbg j su fgadrc, `cftrg `ci tåraefg `c @ECX (:>) `ájs, pjsj`gs igs kujics sc tcf`rê pgr jkcptj`g. Jrt. 3=. ‛ [e igs ef`eve`ugs capicj`gs `c ufj cxpc`ekeûf cxpigrj`grj ajfeoecstjf

g rcmestrjf j su prgpeg fgadrc g ji `c gtrjs pcrsgfjs uf `cskudreaecftg bckbg cf ci tcrrcfg cxpigrj`g `urjftc ij cxpc`ekeûf, ij ajfeocstjkeûf y ci rcmestrg kgrrcspgf`c cxkiusevjacftc ji `ucúg `ci kjtcg, jufquc sc bjyj cstepuij`g pjrtekepjkeûf. Cstj `espgsekeûf quc`j sef cocktg SF (:) júg `cspuås `c tcraefj`j ij cxpigrjkeûf. Jrt. 32. ‛ Ij pcrsgfj quc chckutjf`g pgr gtrg trjdjhgs aefcrgs, bjkc uf

`cskudreaecftg, `cskudrc pjrj ci `ucúg `c igs trjdjhgs. ^crg se igs trjdjhgs fg sgf vcr`j`crjacftc aefcrgs, ci `cskudreaecftg pcrtcfckc j jadgs pgr aetj`.

 

Cstg aesag sc gdscrvjrê kujf`g kujiquecr capicj`g quc mgkc suci`g g sjijreg `c ufj aefj, jufquc fg chckutc trjdjhg jimufg, `cskudrc `cftrg `ci rj`eg `c SF (:) leiûactrg, tgaj`g `cs`c igs iáaetcs `c csj aefj. Jrt. 35. ‛ Ijs pcrsgfjs quc rcmestrjf aefjs sef cxprcsjr ci fgadrc `c igs sgkegs

cf ci `cskudreaecftg y `cskgfgkcf sus `crckbgs, fg pg`rêf kgdrjr mjstgs `c fefmøf måfcrg. E_ @c ij kgfkurrcfkej y prcocrcfkej Jrt. ?>. ‛ Cs preacr `cskudre`gr ci quc preacrg sgieketj ci rcmestrg, secaprc quc ij

pregre`j` `c ij prcscftjkeûf fg rcsuitc `c `gig g orju`c. Jrt. ?:. ‛ [e sc prcscftjf j uf aesag tecapg @G[ (4) g aês pc`eacftgs `c ufj

aesaj aefj, jquci quc `ctcraefc `c ufj ajfcrj kecrtj, kijrj c efcquávgkj ij setujkeûf `ci kcrrg y ij fjturjiczj y kgf`ekegfcs `ci krej`crg, scrê prcocre`g j igs quc fg iicfcf sjtesojktgrejacftc cstc rcquesetg. Jrt. ?4. ‛ [e kgf jrrcmig j ijs prckc`cftcs `espgsekegfcs fg pu`ecrc `ctcraefjrsc

kuêi scj ij aefj `cskudre`grj, sc tcf`rê pgr tji ij `c ajygr eapgrtjfkej. ^crg, ij `cskudre`grj cf cstc kjsg, fg pg`rê tgajr ijs aefjs quc bjf se`g j uf aesag tecapg rcmestrj`js. Jrt. ?;. ‛ Kujf`g ci cspjkeg quc ac`ec cftrc @G[ (4) aefjs j uf aesag tecapg

`cskudecrtjs, fg scj suoekecftc pjrj iicfjr ijs ac`e`js `c ijtetu` scmøf ij efkiefjkeûf `ci krej`crg, bjy `crckbg pjrj scmuerig bjstj ci kgapicacftg `c ij ac`e`j, eftcrfêf`gsc cf ij efac`ejtj pcrtcfcfkej. [e ci rckucstg `c igs krej`crgs oucrc kgfvcrmcftc, sc j`hu`ekjrê pgr aetj` ci cspjkeg eftcrac`eg< pcrg sudsesterê secaprc ci `crckbg `c eftcrfjrsc bjstj ij rcufeûf g capjiac kgf jimufg `c igs krej`crgs `c ij pcrtcfcfkej efac`ejtj, `cdecf`g cf cstc kjsg kgag cf ci jftcregr, `jr jvesg j su `ucúg. Jrt. ?0. ‛ Igs kgfkcsegfjregs `c aefjs j uf tecapg rcmestrj`js, kuygs krej`crgs

sc krukcf, puc`cf bjkcr ef`cpcf`ecftcacftc sus trjdjhgs cf ci tcrrcfg kgaøf< pcrg sc `eve`erêf igs aefcrjics kgaprcf`e`gs cf ci krukcrg g puftg `c eftcrsckkeûf `c igs krej`crgs, kujf`g fg scj pgsedic su scpjrjkeûf. Jrt. ?3. ‛ [e @G[ (4) g aês pcrsgfjs bjf `cskudecrtg seauitêfcjacftc cf

`eocrcftcs iumjrcs `c uf aesag krej`crg, tgajrêf sus aefjs pjrtecf`g `ci puftg `c `gf`c sc bj cxtrjá`g ij aucstrj `ci aefcrji prcscftj`g. U se ijs ac`e`js `c igfmetu` fg puc`cf kgapictjrsc cf ci cspjkeg eftcrac`eg, sc j`hu`ekjrê åstc pgr aetj`.

 

Jrt. ??. ‛ Ijs pcrsgfjs quc sc krcjf kgf `crckbg j uf `cskudreaecftg

ajfeocstj`g pgr gtrg, `cdcf `c`uker sus prctcfsegfcs `cftrg `c igs [C[CFPJ (?>) `ájs semuecftcs ji `c ij pudiekjkeûf `ci rcmestrg. [c kgaprcf`cf cf cstj `espgsekeûf ijs pcrsgfjs kuygs fgadrcs bjf se`g gaete`gs cf ij ajfeocstjkeûf g cf ci rcmestrg. Fg scrêf gá`gs igs quc sc prcscftcf `cspuås `ci vcfkeaecftg `c igs [C[CFPJ (?>) `ájs. _ @crckbgs y gdiemjkegfcs `ci `cskudre`gr  Jrt. ?=. ‛ Ci `cskudre`gr tcf`rê `crckbg j tgajr cf ci krej`crg `c su cickkeûf

PTC[ (;) pcrtcfcfkejs kgftemujs g scpjrj`js pgr cspjkegs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs j SFJ (:) g aês pcrtcfcfkejs. Jrt. ?2. ‛ @cftrg `ci pijzg `c KECF (:>>) `ájs kgftj`gs `cs`c ci `áj semuecftc ji

`ci rcmestrg, ci `cskudre`gr tcf`rê bckbj ufj ijdgr quc pgfmj `c ajfeoecstg ci krej`crg, `c ajfcrj quc puc`j rckgfgkcrsc su `erckkeûf, efkiefjkeûf y mrucsg, y kgaprgdjrsc ij cxestcfkej y kijsc `ci aefcrji `cskudecrtg. Ij ijdgr tcf`rê @ECX (:>) actrgs `c cxtcfseûf y sc jdrerê sgdrc ci kucrpg `ci krej`crg, semuecf`g su efkiefjkeûf g vjreêf`gij se oucrc kgfvcfecftc. ^crg fg cs fckcsjreg trjdjhjr igs @ECX (:>) actrgs, kujf`g cf ij ijdgr chckutj`j puc`c rckgfgkcrsc sjtesojktgrejacftc ijs kerkufstjfkejs cxprcsj`js. Kujf`g ijs pcrtcfcfkejs oucrcf kgftemujs, djstjrê ufj sgij ijdgr icmji, kgf tji quc kujiquecr ac`eg e`ûfcg pcraetj prcsuaer, kgf djsc kecftáoekj suoekecftc, ij kgftefue`j` `ci yjkeaecftg cf tg`js ciijs. Jrt. ?5.`c ‛ igs Kgaprgdj`j ij cxestcfkej `cijufijdgr gdstêkuig quc fg crj pgsedic `cftrg pijzgs oehj`gs pjrj bjkcr icmji, ij jutgre`j` pg`rê supcrjr

prgrrgmjrig bjstj KECF (:>>) `ájs aês. Jrt. =>. ‛ [e cocktuj`j ij ijdgr icmji, rcsuitjrc quc fg puc`c rckgfgkcrsc

kgfvcfecftcacftc ijs kgf`ekegfcs `ci krej`crg, g quc ci `cskudre`gr quecrc setujr achgr sus aefjs, sc kgfkc`crê ufj prûrrgmj `c KEFKSCFPJ (3>) `ájs pjrj ij kgftefujkeûf `ci trjdjhg, g `c KECF (:>>) `ájs pjrj jdrer ufj fucvj ijdgr sgdrc gtrg puftg `ci krej`crg. Jrt. =:. ‛ [e PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs `cspuås `c vcfke`gs igs pijzgs kgfkc`e`gs pgr

igs Jrtákuigs ?2, ?5 y =>, ci `cskudre`gr fg budecsc sgieketj`g ij acfsurj, ij jutgre`j` prgkc`crê j `jrij `c goekeg j kjrmg `ci eftcrcsj`g, setujf`g j tg`js ijs aefjs pc`e`js cf ij kgrre`j `ci krej`crg.

 

Igs `crckbgs `ci `cskudre`gr scrêf `ckijrj`gs kj`ukgs y ij aefj g aefjs pc`e`js pgr åi scrêf rcmestrj`js cf kjie`j` `c vjkjftcs. PEPSIG _ @c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs y su `cajrkjkeûf E @c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs Jrt. =4. ‛ Ij cxtcfseûf `ci tcrrcfg `cftrg `c kuygs iáaetcs puc`c ci aefcrg

cxpigtjr su kgfkcseûf, sc iijaj pcrtcfcfkej. Jrt. =;. ‛ Ci tcrrcfg kgrrcspgf`ecftc j kj`j pcrtcfcfkej sc `ctcraefj cf ij

supcroekec pgr iáfcjs rcktjs, y cf prgouf`e`j` pgr pijfgs vcrtekjics ef`ekj`gs pgr csjs iáfcjs. Ijs pcrtcfcfkejs kgfstjrêf `c PTC[KECFPG[ (;>>) actrgs `c igfmetu` bgrezgftji y `c @G[KECFPG[ (4>>) `c ijtetu`, ij quc puc`c cxtcf`crsc bjstj PTC[KECFPG[ (;>>), scmøf ij efkiefjkeûf `ci krej`crg. Jrt. =0. ‛ Ij pcrtcfcfkej g ufe`j` `c ac`e`j cs uf sûie`g quc tecfc pgr djsc uf

rcktêfmuig `c PTC[KECFPG[ (;>>) actrgs `c igfmetu` y @G[KECFPG[ (4>>) `c ijtetu`, bgrezgftjiacftc ac`e`gs y `c prgouf`e`j` ef`coefe`j cf `erckkeûf vcrtekji. Ij pcrtcfcfkej scrê uf sûie`g `c djsc kuj`rj`j cf ci kjsg `c `jrsc j ij ijtetu` emuji cxtcfseûf quc ij jsemfj`j j ij igfmetu`. ^uc`c `jrsc gtrj ograjs j ijs pcrtcfcfkejs, secf`g rcmuijr, kujf`g jtcf`e`js ijs kgf`ekegfcs `ci tcrrcfg g `ci krej`crg, scj fckcsjreg pjrj ufj aês øtei cxpigtjkeûf. Jrt. =3. ‛ Ijs pcrtcfcfkejs, jufquc kgftcfmjf aês `c ufj ufe`j` `c ac`e`j,

`cdcf ograjr uf sgig kucrpg sef ij eftcrpgsekeûf `c gtrjs aefjs g cspjkegs vjkjftcs quc ijs `eve`jf. Cstj `espgsekeûf tecfc iumjr juf cf ci kjsg `c quc ci tcrrcfg quc `cdc gkupjr ij kgfkcseûf, fg djstc j kgapictjr ij cxtcfseûf kgrrcspgf`ecftc j ij pcrtcfcfkej. Jrt. =?. ‛ Ij pcrtcfcfkej `c aefjs `c becrrg kgfstjrê `c sceskecftgs (?>>) actrgs

`c igfmetu` y `c KSJPTGKECFPG[ (0>>) actrgs `c ijtetu`, ij quc puc`c cxtcf`crsc bjstj [CE[KECFPG[ (?>>) actrgs, scmøf ij efkiefjkeûf `ci krej`crg. Ij `c kjrdûf y `caês kgadustedics, `c FG_CKECFPG[ (5>>) actrgs `c igfmetu` pgr [CE[KECFPG[ (?>>) actrgs `c ijtetu`, ij quc puc`c cxtcf`crsc bjstj FG_CKECFPG[ (5>>) actrgs.

 

Ij pcrtcfcfkej `c yjkeaecftgs `c tepg `escaefj`g `c preacrj kjtcmgráj, kujf`g ij aefcrjiezjkeûf sc bjiic ufeogracacftc `estredue`j y pcraetj ij cxpigtjkeûf j mrjf cskjij pgr aåtg`gs fg scicktevgs, kgfstjrê `c KECF (:>>) bcktêrcjs. Ijs `c dgrjtg y ieteg kgfstjrêf tjadeåf `c KECF (:>>) bcktêrcjs. Cf ci kjsg `ci preacr pêrrjog, ci kjfgf jfuji pgr pcrtcfcfkej scrê PTC[ (;) vckcs ci `c ufj pcrtcfcfkej gr`efjrej `c ij aesaj kjtcmgráj< cf ci `ci scmuf`g, [CE[ (?) vckcs, y cf ci `ci tcrkcrg y kujrtg, @ECX (:>) vckcs. Jrt. ==. ‛ Ij igfmetu` `c ij pcrtcfcfkej sc ac`erê pgr ij kgrre`j g ruadg `ci

krej`crg< pcrg se cstc scrpcftcj, vjráj g sc rjaeoekj, sc j`gptjrê ci ruadg `gaefjftc g ci `c su rjaj prefkepji, g ci ruadg ac`eg cftrc igs `eocrcftcs quc sc ajfeoecstcf, j cickkeûf `ci eftcrcsj`g. Ij ac`e`j pjrterê `c ij ijdgr icmji g `ci puftg `c ij kgrre`j quc `csemfc ci aesag eftcrcsj`g. [c `chj tjadeåf j su jrdetreg tgajr ij ac`e`j `c ij igfmetu` j ufg u gtrg ij`g `c `ekbj ijdgr, g `estreduerij kgag ig krcj kgfvcfecftc. ^crg, cf fefmøf kjsg quc`jrê csj ijdgr oucrj `ci pcráactrg `c ij pcrtcfcfkej. Jr Jrt. t. =2 =2.. ‛ Ij ijtetu` sc ac`erê sgdrc ufj pcrpcf`ekuijr bgrezgftji j ij iáfcj `c

igfmetu` cf ci puftg `c `gf`c budecrc pjrte`g ij acfsurj. Ci kgfkcsegfjreg pg`rê tgajr ij ijtetu` tg`j cftcrj j ufg u gtrg ij`g, g `estreduerij kgag vecrc kgfvcferic. Cf kjsg `c icmáteaj gpgsekeûf, sûig pg`rê gdtcfcr @ECX (:>) actrgs kgftrj ij efkiefjkeûf `ci krej`crg. Jrt. =5. ‛ Ci kgfkcsegfjreg tecfc `crckbg j quc, cf ij `cajrkjkeûf `c ij

pcrtcfcfkej, sc `c j ij kgrre`j `ci krej`crg ij cxtcfseûf jsemfj`j j su efkiefjkeûf, y j åstj ij jsemfj`j j ij kgrre`j< pcrg cstg sûig tcf`rê iumjr kujf`g fg rcsuitc pcrhuekeg `c tcrkcrg. Jrt. 2>. ‛ Kujf`g ij efkiefjkeûf `ci krej`crg rcspcktg `c ij vcrtekji

kgrrcspgf`ecftc j ij iáfcj `c igfmetu` oehj`j j ij pcrtcfcfkej, fg cxkc`j `c KSJTCFPJ U KEFKG (03) mrj`gs, ij ijtetu` kgfstjrê `c @G[KECFPG[ (4>>) actrgs. Kujf`g ij efkiefjkeûf pjsj `c igs KSJTCFPJ U KEFKG (03) mrj`gs bjstj KEFKSCFPJ (3>), ij ijtetu` scrê `c @G[KECFPG[ KSJTCFPJ U KEFKG (403) actrgs.

 

^jsjf`g `c KEFKSCFPJ (3>) mrj`gs bjstj [C[CFPJ (?>), ij ijtetu` tcf`rê @G[KECFPG[ KSJTCFPJ U KEFKG (403) actrgs. ^jsjf`g `c [C[CFPJ (?>) bjstj [C[CFPJ U KEFKG (?3) mrj`gs, tcf`rê @G[KECFPG[ [CPCFPJ U KEFKG (4=3)< y `cs`c [C[CFPJ U KEFKG (?3) mrj`gs, tcf`rê PTC[KECFPG[ (;>>) actrgs. EE @c ij acfsurj y `cajrkjkeûf `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs Jrt. 2:. ‛ [c prgkc`c j ij acfsurj y `cajrkjkeûf `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs cf vertu`

`c pctekeûf cskretj prcscftj`j pgr ci rcmestrj`gr g pgr gtrj pcrsgfj eftcrcsj`j. Ij pctekeûf y su prgvcá`g sc pudiekjrêf cf ij ograj prcskreptj cf ci Jrtákuig 3;. Jrt. 24. ‛ Cf ij pctekeûf `c acfsurj sc cxprcsjrê ij jpiekjkeûf, `estredukeûf y

puftgs `c pjrte`j `c ijs iáfcjs `c igfmetu` y ijtetu`, `c ajfcrj quc puc`j kgfgkcrsc ij setujkeûf `c ij pcrtcfcfkej y `ci tcrrcfg quc `cdc gkupjr. Jrt. 2;. ‛ Ij pctekeûf `c acfsurj y su prgvcá`g sc fgteoekjrêf j igs `ucúgs `c ijs

aefjs kgief`jftcs, se oucrcf kgfgke`gs y rcse`ecrcf cf ci aefcrji g cf ci aufekepeg `gf`c tecfc su jsecftg ij jutgre`j`. Cf gtrg kjsg ij pudiekjkeûf scrverê `c suoekecftc ketjkeûf. Ij pudiekjkeûf sc bjrê scmøf ig `espucstg cf ci Jrtákuig 3;. Jrt. 20. ‛ Ijs rckijajkegfcs sc `c`ukerêf `cftrg `c igs ZSEFKC (:3) `ájs

semuecftcs ji `c ij fgteoekjkeûf g ji `ci øiteag kgrrcspgf`ecftc j ij pudiekjkeûf. Fg sc j`aeterêf ijs rckijajkegfcs `c`uke`js `cspuås `c csc pijzg. Ijs rckijajkegfcs sc rcsgivcrêf kgf ju`ecfkej `c igs eftcrcsj`gs, `cftrg `c igs _CEFPC (4>) `ájs semuecftcs ji `c su prcscftjkeûf. Ij kgfkcseûf `ci rckursg fg eape`c quc sc prgkc`j j ij acfsurj, se ci eftcrcsj`g ig sgieketj. Ij jutgre`j` pg`rê, kujf`g jsá ig rcquecrj ij fjturjiczj `ci kjsg, `eocrer ij rcsgiukeûf bjstj ci jktg `c acfsurj. Jrt. 23. ‛ Fg bjdeåf`gsc prcscftj`g gpgsekeûf rcijtevj j ij pctekeûf `c acfsurj g

`coefetevjacftc rcsucitj ij quc sc budecrc prcscftj`g, ij jutgre`j` prgkc`crê j prjktekjr ij `eiemcfkej, jkgapjúj`j `c uf efmcfecrg goekeji y `ci cskredjfg `c aefjs.

 

Ij jutgre`j` ajf`jrê prcvejacftc quc sc fgteoequc j igs j`aefestrj`grcs `c ijs aefjs kgief`jftcs gkupj`js, kuygs `ucúgs fg budecrcf se`g pcrsgfjiacftc ketj`gs, ij bgrj cf quc `cdc `jrsc prefkepeg j ij gpcrjkeûf. ^uc`c ij jutgre`j` kgaesegfjr pjrj quc bjmj sus vckcs ji hucz `ci aefcrji, y cf su `cocktg, ji aês efac`ejtg.  J ojitj `c efmcfecrg goekeji, sc fgadrjrê uf pcretg g efmcfecrg pjrtekuijr< y j ojitj `c cskredjfgs sc jktujrê kgf @G[ (4) tcstemgs jdgfj`gs. Jrt. 2?. ‛ Ij gpcrjkeûf prefkepejrê pgr ci rckgfgkeaecftg `c ij ijdgr icmji< y

rcsuitjf`g kuapie`js sus kgf`ekegfcs, sc prgkc`crê j ac`er ij igfmetu` y cfscmue`j ij ijtetu` kgfograc j ig `espucstg cf igs Jrtákuigs == y semuecftcs.  Jktg kgftefug sc ajrkjrêf igs puftgs `gf`c `cdcf oehjrsc igs ief`crgs quc `ctcraefcf ij oemurj y ci cspjkeg kgrrcspgf`ecftc j ij pcrtcfcfkej. Cstgs ief`crgs, j kuyj kgfstrukkeûf sc prgkc`crê efac`ejtjacftc, `cdcf scr sûie`gs, decf pcrkcptedics y `urj`crgs. Jrt. 2=. ‛ ^jrj ij `csemfjkeûf `c igs ruadgs, sc rcocrerêf igs efmcfecrgs ji fgrtc

vcr`j`crg. [c rcocrerêf tjadeåf, se ij jutgre`j` ig `ckijrjrc kgfvcfecftc, g se igs eftcrcsj`gs sgieketjrcf, j gdhctgs oehgs y decf ajfeoecstgs, ef`ekjf`g su `erckkeûf y `estjfkej kgf rcijkeûf j ij ijdgr icmji. Jrt. 22. ‛ Ijs pcrsgfjs eftcrcsj`js cf ij acfsurj puc`cf fgadrjr, kj`j ufj pgr 

su pjrtc uf pcretg quc prcscfkec ij gpcrjkeûf y bjmj ijs ef`ekjkegfcs, rcpjrgs y rckijajkegfcs j quc igs prgkc`eaecftgs pcrekejics `ecrcf iumjr< tg`g ig quc quc`jrê `cke`e`g jftcs `c `jrsc pgr kgfkiue`j ij `eiemcfkej. Jrt. 25. ‛ @c tg`js ijs gpcrjkegfcs, sgieketu`cs g rcsgiukegfcs quc bjyjf tcfe`g

iumjr cf ci kursg `c ij `eiemcfkej bjstj su tcraefjkeûf, sc cxtcf`crê uf jktj, quc oerajrêf ij jutgre`j`, ijs pjrtcs y ci efmcfecrg, y quc jutgrezjrê ci cskredjfg. Jrt. 5>. ‛ Ci hucz j quecf sc budecrc kgacte`g ij `eiemcfkej, rcaeterê ji kgaetcftc ci

jktj icvjftj`j< y kgf ij jprgdjkeûf `c åstc g kgf ijs rcograjs quc krcycrc fckcsjreg bjkcr, quc`jrê `coefetevjacftc kgfkiue`j ij acfsurj y `cajrkjkeûf `c ufj pcrtcfcfkej. Jrt. 5:. ‛ Cf ij acfsurj y `cajrkjkeûf `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs prjktekj`js scmøf ijs

prcskrepkegfcs `c ij icy, puc`cf kgaprcf`crsc igs c`eoekegs, kjaefgs, setegs kuitevj`gs y kcrrj`gs y tg`j gtrj kijsc `c gdrjs y tcrrcfgs.

 

Ci kgfkcsegfjreg puc`c cxtcf`cr sus trjdjhgs `cdjhg `c ijs bjdetjkegfcs y `caês iumjrcs rcscrvj`gs, `jf`g oejfzjs pgr igs `júgs y pcrhuekegs quc puc`jf sgdrcvcfer. Kujf`g ci `júg scj mrjvc c efaefcftc y fg oucsc pgsedic ogrteoekjr sjtesojktgrejacftc ci kcrrg, pg`rê ci aefcrg sgieketjr ij j`hu`ekjkeûf `ci tcrrcfg y kgfstrukkegfcs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs, prcvej ij kgaprgdjkeûf `c uteie`j`, scmøf ig `espucstg cf ci efkesg tcrkcrg `ci Jrtákuig :;. Fg rcmerê ig `espucstg cf igs prckc`cftcs efkesgs, rcspcktg `c igs c`eoekegs pødiekgs y `caês kgftcfe`g cf ci Jrtákuig ;?, sjivg se sc kgaprgdjrcf igs bckbgs cxprcsj`gs cf su efkesg scmuf`g. Igs trjdjhgs sudtcrrêfcgs fg pg`rêf pcfctrjr cf ci rj`eg kgrrcspgf`ecftc j ijs ogrteoekjkegfcs, sefg cf ci kjsg quc puc`jf pcfctrjr igs trjdjhgs supcroekejics. Pg`gs cstgs trjdjhgs sc suhctjrêf cstrektjacftc j ijs rcmijs `c scmure`j` y pgiekáj. Jrt. 54. ‛ Ij oejfzj fg tcf`rê iumjr kujf`g ij cxpigtjkeûf sudtcrrêfcj fg gorczkj

recsmg fefmufg. Ij oejfzj kcsjrê kujf`g tg`g recsmg bjyj `csjpjrcke`g. Jrt. 5;. ‛ ^rjktekj`j ij acfsurj y `cajrkjkeûf kgf jrrcmig j ig `espucstg cf igs

jrtákuigs prckc`cftcs, ij jutgre`j` ajf`jrê efskrederij cf ci rcmestrg, y quc `c ciij sc `c kgpej ji eftcrcsj`g, kgag tátuig `coefetevg `c prgpec`j`. Ci cxpc`ecftc `c acfsurj sc jrkbevjrê cf uf iedrg cspckeji j kjrmg `ci cskredjfg `c aefjs. Kgf ij `eiemcfkej `c acfsurj quc`j kgfstetue`j ij picfj y icmji pgscseûf `c ij pcrtcfcfkej. EEE @c igs ief`crgs Jrt. 50. ‛ Ci kgfkcsegfjreg tcf`rê kgigkj`gs igs ief`crgs `c su pcrtcfcfkej `cftrg

`c igs _CEFPC (4>) `ájs semuecftcs j ij `csemfjkeûf `c igs puftgs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs. Fg vcreoekêf`gig jsá, sc bjrê pjsedic j ufj auitj kuyg agftg scrê PTC[ (;) j @ECX (:>) vckcs ci kjfgf jfuji quc `cvcfmjrc ij aefj. Jr Jrt. t. 53 53.. ‛ Ij jutgre`j` fg pcraeterê fg gr`cfjrê ij rcagkeûf `c igs ief`crgs sefg

cf igs kjsgs `c achgrj y japiejkeûf `c pcrtcfcfkejs, `ctcraefj`gs pgr ij icy< g

 

cf vertu` `c scftcfkej `ci Predufji [upcregr `c aefcráj cf igs rckursgs kgftrj ij eicmjie`j` `c ijs acfsurjs< g kujf`g sc bjyj `coefetevjacftc `ckijrj`g quc bjy iumjr j rckteoekjkeûf, g cf igs kjsgs quc cxprcsjacftc `ctcraefj ij icy. Jrt. 5?. ‛ Igs `ucúgs `c aefjs `cdcf ajftcfcr kgfstjftcacftc oeracs y decf

kgfscrvj`gs sus ief`crgs. [e cstêf `ctcregrj`gs g cf pjrtc `cstrue`gs, `cdcf gkurrer j ij jutgre`j` pjrj quc gr`cfc ij rcpjrjkeûf kgf ketjkeûf `c kgief`jftcs. [e igs ief`crgs bjf `csjpjrcke`g g bjf se`g rcagve`gs, sc gkurrerê emujiacftc j ij jutgre`j` pjrj quc `csemfc ci efmcfecrg quc, prcvej ij ketjkeûf, ajrquc igs puftgs cf `gf`c `cdcf kgigkjrsc kgf jrrcmig j igs tátuigs `ci eftcrcsj`g. Ci hucz `ci aefcrji prcse`erê ij `eiemcfkej, gr`cfjrê y bjrê cocktevj ij ketjkeûf y kue`jrê `c quc igs ief`crgs sc kgfstruyjf cf igs puftgs ajrkj`gs< cxtcf`ecf`g `c tg`g kgfstjfkej. [e igs `ucúgs `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs kgief`jftcs fg sc cfkucftrjf cf ci aefcrji fe cf ci aufekepeg, rcse`cfkej `c ij jutgre`j`, ci hucz ajf`jrê ketjr ji j`aefestrj`gr g j ij pcrsgfj quc gkupc ij pcrtcfcfkej. [c scújijrê ji aefcrg uf tåraefg, quc fg djhc `c _CEFPC (4>) `ájs, fe cxkc`j `c KSJTCFPJ (0>), pjrj quc prgkc`j j ij rcpjrjkeûf g rcpgsekeûf `c igs ief`crgs. Fg vcreoekêf`gig jsá, sc bjrê pjsedic j ufj auitj kuyg agftg scrê PTC[ (;) j @ECX (:>) vckcs ci kjfgf jfuji quc `cvcfmjrc ij aefj. E_ @c ij rckteoekjkeûf c eapumfjkeûf `c ijs acfsurjs Jr Jrt. t. 5= 5=.. ‛ Ij gpcrjkeûf `c acfsurj y `cajrkjkeûf prcse`e`j, jprgdj`j g

rcograj`j jutgre`j`, sûig puc`c scrkgrrcspgf`ecftc. eapumfj`j pgr crrgr pcrekeji g vegijkeûf ajfeoecstj pgr `c ijijicy, quc kgfstcf `ci jktj [crê tjadeåf kjusj `c eapumfjkeûf ci orju`c g `gig capicj`gs cf ijs gpcrjkegfcs g rcsgiukegfcs kgfkcrfecftcs j ij acfsurj y `cajrkjkeûf, y quc sc rcoecrjf j bckbgs prckesgs y decf `ctcraefj`gs. Jrt. 52. ‛ Kujf`g ij aefj `cajrkj`j kgftcfmj ufj cxtcfseûf ajygr `c ij quc

sus tátuigs cxprcsjf, pg`rê rckteoekjrsc ij acfsurj j sgieketu` `c gtrg rcmestrj`gr efac`ejtg, quc prctcf`j ci cxkcsg pjrj kgapictjr su pcrtcfcfkej. ^crg cstj rckteoekjkeûf sûig tcf`rê cocktg kujf`g sc bjf rcagve`g kijf`cstefjacftc igs ief`crgs, g kujf`g cf ij `csemfjkeûf `c igs puftgs `gf`c `cdájf kgigkjrsc, g cf ij kgigkjkeûf aesaj, bj bjde`g `gig g orju`c.

 

Ij sgieketu` `ci fucvg rcmestrj`gr fg scrê j`aete`j `cspuås `c igs ZSEFECFPG[ (3>>) `ájs semuecftcs ji `c ij acfsurj. Cf cstj rckteoekjkeûf sc prgkc`crê, tgajf`g pgr djsc ci puftg `c pjrte`j y igs ruadgs oehj`gs cf ij acfsurj y `cajrkjkeûf `c ij pcrtcfcfkej. PEPSIG _E @c igs cocktgs `c ij kgfkcseûf `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs E @c igs krej`crgs kgaprcf`e`gs `cftrg `ci pcráactrg `c ufj Jrt. 55. ‛ Ci aefcrg cs `ucúg `c tg`gs igs krej`crgs quc sc cfkucftrcf `cftrg `c

igs iáaetcs `c su pcrtcfcfkej, kujicsquecrj quc scjf ijs sustjfkejs aefcrjics quc kgftcfmjf. Ci kgfkcsegfjreg cstê gdiemj`g j `jr kucftj j ij jutgre`j` aefcrj `ci bjiijzmg `c kujiquecr sustjfkej kgfkcsedic `esteftj `c ijs quc kgfstjrcf cf ci rcmestrg y capj`rgfjaecftg `c ij aefj, pjrj su jfgtjkeûf cf igs aesags y, cf su kjsg, cocktgs kgfsemuecftcs cf ajtcrej `c kjfgf y `c efvcrseûf `c kjpetji. Ci kgfkcsegfjreg quc fg kuapiecrc cstj gdiemjkeûf `cftrg `c igs [C[CFPJ (?>) `ájs `ci bjiijzmg, sc bjrê pjsedic `c ufj auitj `c @ECX (:>) j KECF (:>>) vckcs ci kjfgf `c cxpigtjkeûf kgrrcspgf`ecftc j ij sustjfkej gaete`j. Jrt. :>>. ‛ Ci prgpectjreg `ci tcrrcfg tecfc `crckbg j ijs sustjfkejs

kgrrcspgf`ecftcs j ij tcrkcrj kjtcmgráj, quc ci prgpectjreg `c ij aefj cxtrjhcrc< cxkcptujf`g igs kjsgs semuecftcs8 Kujf`g fg ij bj rckijaj`g fe bj pjmj`g igs mjstgs `c su cxpigtjkeûf y cxtrjkkeûf PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs `cspuås `ci jvesg quc `cdc `jric ci kgfkcsegfjreg. Kujf`g åstc igs fckcsetj pjrj su ef`ustrej y kujf`g cståf `c tji sucrtc ufe`js ijs sustjfkejs, quc fg puc`jf sef `eoekuitj` g sef juacftg `c mjstgs cxtrjcrsc scpjrj`jacftc. Cf cstgs kjsgs fg bjy `crckbg j kgdrjr ef`cafezjkegfcs. Jrt. :>:. ‛ Kujf`g cf ci tcrrcfg gkupj`g kgf ufj cxpigtjkeûf `c sustjfkejs `c ij

scmuf`j g tcrkcrj kjtcmgráj, sc `cskudrc uf krej`crg `c ij preacrj, ci prgpectjreg pg`rê kgftefujr sus trjdjhgs fg pcrhu`ekjf`g igs `c ij fucvj aefj< pcrg ci `cskudre`gr pg`rê bjkcrigs vjrejr g kcsjr, pjmjf`g igs pcrhuekegs g ci vjigr `ci tcrrcfg.

 

Kgf rcijkeûf j ij cxtrjkkeûf quc bjmj ci `cskudre`gr, rcmerêf ijs `espgsekegfcs kgftcfe`js cf igs PTC[ (;) efkesgs oefjics `ci jrtákuig prckc`cftc. EE @c ij eftcrfjkeûf `c ijdgrcs cf pcrtcfcfkejs jhcfjs Jrt. :>4. ‛ Ci `ucúg `c ufj pcrtcfcfkej fg puc`c jvjfzjr ijdgrcs oucrj `c sus

iáaetcs y pcfctrjr kgf ciijs cf pcrtcfcfkej jhcfj, jufquc vjyj cf scmueaecftg `c su krej`crg. ^crg, kujf`g ci krej`crg kgftcfmj aefcrji, bjy `crckbg pjrj eftcrfjrsc pgr ij ijtetu` bjstj ci puftg cf quc ijs ijdgrcs `c ufj y gtrj pcrtcfcfkej sc kgaufequcf. Ig aesag sukc`crê kujf`g jftcs `c bjdcr pjsj`g igs iáaetcs `c ij pcrtcfcfkej, sc `cskudrj ci aefcrji. ^jrj usjr `c cstgs `crckbgs `cdcrê `jrsc jvesg ji kgief`jftc `c ij jprgxeajkeûf `c ijs ijdgrcs y `ci prgpûsetg `c eftcrfjrijs. Igs aefcrjics quc sc cxtrjemjf `c ij eftcrfjkeûf sc pjrterêf pgr aetj` kgf ci kgief`jftc, ig aesag quc igs kgstgs. Jrt. :>;. ‛ Ij kgaufeûf `c mjstgs y prg`uktgs `urjrê aecftrjs ci `ucúg `c ij

pcrtcfcfkej gkupj`j kgaufequc sus ijdgrcs. Iicmj`g cstc kjsg `cdc kcrrjrsc ij kgaufekjkeûf cftrc jadjs aefjs, j pctekeûf `c kujiquecrj `c igs eftcrcsj`gs, cf ci puftg `c ij iáfcj `evesgrej. Jrt. :>0. ‛ Fg `êf`gsc gpgrtufjacftc ci jvesg, ci efvjsgr cftrcmjrê ji efvj`e`g

tg`gs igs aefcrjics cxtrjá`gs, sef `crckbg j kgdrjr igs kgstgs. [c kgfse`crj efgpgrtufg ci jvesg, kujf`g fg sc bj kgaufekj`g jftcs `c quc ijs ijdgrcs eftcrfj`js bjyjf jvjfzj`g aês `c @ECX (:>) actrgs. Jrt. :>3. ‛ Fg bjy gdiemjkeûf `c bjkcr rcstetukeûf fe pjrtekepjkeûf jimufj `c igs

prg`uktgs `c ufj eftcrfjkeûf cftrc aefjs quc fg bjf se`g `cajrkj`js g kuygs ief`crgs fg sc kgfscrvcf. ^crg ci `ucúg `c ij aefj quc sc kgfse`crc efvj`e`j puc`c pc`er ij acfsurj, y cf su kjsg, ij rcpjrjkeûf g rcpgsekeûf `c igs ief`crgs. @cs`c ci `áj cf quc sc bjmj sjdcr cstj pctekeûf ji `ucúg `c ij aefj efvjsgrj, sc kgfse`crjrê `ctcraefj`j ij iáfcj `evesgrej. [ciij`gs igs rcajtcs `c ijs ijdgrcs `cfufkej`js, pg`rêf kgftefujrsc sef gtrj rcspgfsjdeie`j` quc ij `c cftrcmjr, prcveg ci pjmg `c igs kgstgs, ij aetj` `c igs aefcrjics cxtrjá`gs cf ij kgftefujkeûf `c csjs ijdgrcs, se rcsuitjrcf eftcrfj`js.

 

Jrt. :>?. ‛ Kujf`g ijs aefjs fg sc cfkucftrjf cf cstj`g `c rckeder acfsurj y

sus `ucúgs bjf kgigkj`g ief`crgs prgvesgregs pjrj `ctcraefjr sus pcrtcfcfkejs, cstgs ief`crgs scrverêf `c djsc pjrj ci jvesg y `caês cocktgs kgfsemuecftcs. ^crg, prjktekj`j ij acfsurj y `cajrkjkeûf icmji, igs `crckbgs `c ijs pjrtcs sc jrrcmijrêf j igs fucvgs ief`crgs, bjkeåf`gsc ijs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs rcstetukegfcs. Fg tcf`rê iumjr ig `espucstg cf igs efkesgs jftcregrcs, `cspuås `c vcfke`gs igs pijzgs oehj`gs pgr ij icy pjrj ij chckukeûf `c ij ijdgr icmji. Jrt. :>=. ‛ Pg`g `ucúg `c pcrtcfcfkej puc`c sgieketjr pcraesg pjrj vesetjr ij

kgief`jftc, kgf ci oef `c tgajr `jtgs øteics pjrj su prgpej cxpigtjkeûf, g kgf ci `c cvetjr pcrhuekegs quc igs trjdjhgs `c ij vckefj ic kjusjf g cstêf prûxeags j kjusjric. Ci sgieketjftc cxprcsjrê kijrj y kerkufstjfkej`jacftc igs `jtgs quc sc prgpgfc tgajr y igs pcrhuekegs rckede`gs g quc tcac rckeder. Ij jutgre`j` cfkgftrjf`g hustg y ouf`j`g ci agtevg, gtgrmjrê ci pcraesg øfekjacftc kgf rcijkeûf j ijs ijdgrcs efac`ejtjs j ij pcrtcfcfkej `ci eftcrcsj`g. Jrt. :>2. ‛ Kujf`g cf vertu` `c kjusjs suoekecftcs y husteoekj`js, fckcsjreg

prjktekjr rckgfgkeaecftgs y ac`ekegfcs `c ijs ijdgrcs ef`ekj`js, ij jutgre`j` ig pcraeterê jkcptjf`g ci pcretg quc sc prgpgfmj g fgadrjf`g gtrg, se ci `ucúg `c ij aefj rcbusjrc ci prgpucstg. Pcf`rê åstc `crckbg j ufj kgapictj ef`cafezjkeûf< y se `c ijs gpcrjkegfcs bj `c rcsuitjric uf mrjvc c errcpjrjdic pcrhuekeg, j quc sc rcterc ci pcraesg. PEPSIG _EE @c ijs gtrjs j`quesekegfcs quc rcquecrcf kgfkcseûf E @c ij japiejkeûf g jkrckcftjaecftg `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs Jrt. :>5. ‛ Japiejr ufj pcrtcfcfkej cs jmrcmjric gtrj pcrtcfcfkej emuji cf ograj y

`eacfsegfcs. Bjy `crckbg j ij japiejkeûf kujf`g ijs ijdgrcs sudtcrrêfcjs `c ij pcrtcfcfkej sc budecrjf eftcrfj`g g cstuvecscf prûxeajs j eftcrfjrsc cf tcrrcfg vjkjftc. [c cftecf`c quc ijs ijdgrcs cstêf prûxeajs j eftcrfjrsc kujf`g `estjf KSJTCFPJ (0>) actrgs g acfgs, `ci iáaetc oehj`g j ij pcrtcfcfkej cf su `cajrkjkeûf.

 

Ci pc`eacftg kgf su prgvcá`g sc rcmestrjrêf cf ci iedrg `c ijs ajfeocstjkegfcs y sc pudiekjrê pgr ac`eg `c uf jvesg cf ci pcreû`ekg quc `csemfc ij jutgre`j`, y `c uf kjrtci quc ci cskredjfg oehjrê cf ijs pucrtjs `c su goekefj. Jr Jrt. t. ::> : :>.. ‛ ^jrj quc ij japiejkeûf tcfmj iumjr cs fckcsjreg quc sc eftcrfcf g

jprgxeacf ijs ijdgrcs iicvjf`g krej`crg cf ajfg. Jrt. :::. ‛ Ijs @G[ (4) pcrtcfcfkejs ograjrêf uf sûig kucrpg, ufj sgij aefj.

Igs ief`crgs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs j ij iáfcj `c kgftjktg kgf ci tcrrcfg vjkjftc, sc rcagvcrêf y kgigkjrêf cf igs fucvgs iáaetcs. Jrt. ::4. ‛ Ij `eiemcfkej `c acfsurj y `cajrkjkeûf sc prjktekjrê ketjf`g igs

ief`jftcs kgf ci tcrrcfg vjkjftc< y sc jfufkejrê kgf PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs `c jftekepjkeûf cf ij aesaj ograj quc ij pudiekjkeûf `ci rcmestrg. @cftrg `c cstgs PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs y bjstj ci jktg `c ij `eiemcfkej, `cdcrêf prcscftjrsc tg`js ijs rckijajkegfcs, quc fg scrêf jtcf`e`js `cspuås `c csc pijzg y `c csc jktg. Jrt. ::;. ‛ Bjy `crckbg j ufj fucvj japiejkeûf kujf`g ijs ijdgrcs `ci tcrrcfg

jfcxj`g sc budecscf eftcrfj`g g cstuvecscf prûxeajs j eftcrfjrsc cf tcrrcfg vjkjftc. EE @c ij achgrj `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs Jrt. ::0. ‛ Ci aefcrg puc`c pc`er ci kjadeg pjrkeji `ci pcráactrg `c su

pcrtcfcfkej cf kujiquecrj `erckkeûf `c sus iáfcjs kgfoefjftcs, bjdecf`g tcrrcfg orjfkg. Cstc kjadeg kgfstetuyc ij achgrj. Jrt. ::3. ‛ Cf ci kjadeg g achgrj `c pcrtcfcfkej sc jdjf`gfjrê ufj cxtcfseûf `c

tcrrcfg emuji j ij quc sc tgaj< pcrg kgfscrvjf`g `cftrg `c igs fucvgs iáaetcs ij ijdgr icmji. EEE @c ijs `cajsájs Jr Jrt. t. ::? : :?.. ‛ @cajsáj cs ci tcrrcfg sgdrjftc cftrc @G[ (4)g aês aefjs

`cajrkj`js, cf ci kuji fg puc`c ograjrsc ufj pcrtcfcfkej. Jrt. ::=. ‛ Ijs `cajsájs kgaprcf`e`js cftrc @G[ (4) aefjs setuj`js cf ij

kgrre`j g igfmetu` `ci krej`crg kgrrcspgf`cf cxkiusevjacftc j igs `ucúgs `c csjs aefjs. Jrt. ::2. ‛ Ij `cajsáj cftrc ijs iáfcjs `c jspjs `c @G[(4) g aês pcrtcfcfkejs

sc j`hu`ekjrê j jquciij g j jquciijs aefjs kuyjs ijdgrcs, semuecf`g ci krej`crg cf

 

su rckucstg, sc bjyjf eftcrfj`g g cståf prûxeajs j eftcrfjrsc cf ci tcrrcfg vjkjftc. [c cftcf`crê quc ijs ijdgrcs cstêf prûxeajs j eftcrfjrsc, kujf`g budecrcf jvjfzj`g bjstj ij aetj` `c ij kuj`rj kgrrcspgf`ecftc ji rckucstg `ci krej`crg. [c kgfse`crjf cf ci aesag kjsg `cs`c quc `estcf PTCEFPJ (;>) actrgs `ci iáaetc `c ij kuj`rj. Jrt. ::5. ‛ Oucrj `c igs kjsgs `c eftcrfjkeûf rcjiezj`j g prûxeaj j rcjiezjrsc, sc

`estreduerê ij `cajsáj cftrc tg`js ijs aefjs kgief`jftcs cf prgpgrkeûf `c sus rcspcktevjs iáfcjs `c kgftjktg kgf ij `cajsáj. Jrt. :4>. ‛ J`hu`ekj`j ij `cajsáj cf pjrtc g cf tg`g, sc efkgrpgrj j ijs

rcspcktevjs pcrtcfcfkejs. Jrt. :4:. ‛ Kujf`g ci tcrrcfg sgdrjftc cf ij kgrre`j `ci krej`crg ae`c KECFPG

KEFKSCFPJ (:3>) actrgs g aês `c igfmetu`, sc kgfse`crj kgag fucvj aefj, y sc kgfkc`c ji preacr sgieketjftc. Jrt. :44. ‛ Kujiquecr pcrsgfj pg`rê kgfstetuer ufj aefj fucvj cf ij `cajsáj pgr

rcfufkej g kcseûf `c tg`gs igs kgief`jftcs, g pgr fg gkupjrij kgf jimufj gdrj g trjdjhg vcr`j`crjacftc øtei, SF (:) júg `cspuås `c rcqucre`gs ji cocktg. Cstj `espgsekeûf tecfc iumjr cf ci kjsg `c fg bjiijrsc ijs `cajsájs efkgrpgrj`js j ijs aefjs kgief`jftcs. Ij pjrtc `ci kgief`jftc quc rcfufkej, quc kc`c g quc pecr`c su `crckbg, jkrckc j ij `c igs gtrgs kgief`jftcs. Jrt. :4;. ‛ Ci aefcrg quc achgrj su pcrtcfcfkej fg tecfc `crckbg j ij `cajsáj

quc rcsuitjrc. E_ @c igs sgkjvgfcs Jrt. :40. ‛ Igs `ucúgs `c ufj g aês pcrtcfcfkejs quc sc prgpgfmjf cxpigtjrijs

pgr ac`eg `c uf sgkjvûf, quc prefkepec oucrj `c sus iáaetcs g sjimj `c ciigs, pcrg cf tcrrcfg quc fg kgrrcspgf`j j pcrtcfcfkej jhcfj, `jrêf jvesg j ij jutgre`j`, cxprcsjf`g ij setujkeûf y cxtcfseûf `ci tcrrcfg quc `cdc gkupjrsc, y ci fgadrc y rcse`cfkej `c igs prgpectjregs. Cstgs scrêf fgteoekj`gs pjrj quc, cf ci pijzg `c _CEFPC (4>) `ájs, `c`uzkjf sus `crckbgs pgr igs pcrhuekegs quc efac`ejtjacftc ics gkjsegfc ij jpcrturj `ci sgkjvûf, y pe`jf oejfzjs se budecrc pciemrg `c uitcregrcs pcrhuekegs cf ij kgftefujkeûf `c igs trjdjhgs.

 

Igs prgpectjregs kuyj rcse`cfkej sc emfgrc, g quc ij tcfmjf oucrj `c ij hures`ekkeûf `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, scrêf ketj`gs pgr ac`eg `c uf c`ektg oehj`g cf ijs pucrtjs `ci goekeg `ci cskredjfg, y `c uf jvesg pudiekj`g pgr PTC[ (;) `ájs cf ci pcreû`ekg quc `csemfc ij jutgre`j`. Cf cstc kjsg ci pijzg pjrj kgapjrckcr, y cf vertu` `c kuyg trjfskursg sc kgfkc`crê ci pcraesg, cs `c PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs. Jrt. :43. ‛ Kujf`g igs trjdjhgs `cdjf prefkepejrsc g kgftefujrsc cf tcrrcfg `c aefjs gkupj`js, sc sgieketjrê pcraesg `c ij jutgre`j`, `ckijrjf`g ci fgadrc y rcse`cfkej `c igs `ucúgs `c csjs aefjs, ij setujkeûf y cxtcfseûf `ci tcrrcfg y ij `erckkeûf, igfmetu` y kjpjke`j` `ci sgkjvûf. Ij jutgre`j`, prcvej ij ketjkeûf `c igs eftcrcsj`gs y ij kgaprgdjkeûf `c quc ij gdrj cs øtei y prjktekjdic, gtgrmjrê ci pcraesg y gr`cfjrê su rcmestrg y pudiekjkeûf. Jrt. :4?. ‛ Igs `ucúgs `c ijs aefjs setuj`js cf ij `erckkeûf `ci sgkjvûf, pg`rêf

gpgfcrsc j su chckukeûf cf igs _CEFPC (4>) `ájs semuecftcs ji `c ij fgteoekjkeûf bckbj cf susecaprc pcrsgfjquc g cfscijefuteiekc `c sus j`aefestrj`grcs, g pgr `eoákei pudiekjkeûf `c jvesgs cf su kjsg, g sc bjmj suajacftc y kgstgsj ij cxpigtjkeûf `c sus aefjs. [ef cadjrmg, se rckgfgke`j ij uteie`j` `c ij caprcsj y ij kgfvcfecfkej `ci pijf prgpucstg, fg pu`ecrjf eftrg`ukersc ag`eoekjkegfcs sef kgftrjrejr ci gdhctg `c ij gdrj, g sef bjkcrij acfgs øtei, g bjkeåf`gij aês kgstgsj y `eoákei, ij jutgre`j` pcraeterê quc sc iicvc j cocktg, fg gdstjftc ij gpgsekeûf. Ig aesag sukc`crê se ijs aefjs eftcrcsj`js cf ij jpcrturj `ci sgkjvûf, tuvecscf ajygr eapgrtjfkej quc ij aefj g aefjs `c igs gpgsetgrcs. ^crg `cdcrêf pjmjrsc prcvejacftc tg`gs igs pcrhuekegs, u gtgrmjrsc ij kgapctcftc oejfzj aecftrjs sc bjkc ij csteajkeûf. Jrt. :4=. ‛ Ij jutgre`j`, ji kgfkc`cr ci pcraesg, bjrê cf ci pijf prcscftj`g pgr ci

sgkjvgfcrg ijs ag`eoekjkegfcs fckcsjrejs pjrj `chjr cstjdicke`j ij pgsedeie`j` y uteie`j` `c ij gdrj, pjrj quc tcfmj ij scmure`j` kgfvcfecftc y pjrj bjkcr cocktevgs igs `crckbgs rckgfgke`gs j igs `ucúgs `c aefjs. Jrt. :42. ‛ Kujf`g sc prctcf`j jdrer sgkjvgfcs mcfcrjics quc kgaprcf`jf ufj

vjstj rcmeûf aefcrji, pgr pcrsgfjs quc fg tcfmjf aefjs prgpejs quc bjdeietjr, cs fckcsjreg ci kgfscfteaecftg `c igs `ucúgs `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs quc `cdjf gkupjrsc.

 

^crg, igs `ucúgs `c ijs quc bjf `c scr bjdeietj`js puc`cf `jr pjrtekepjkeûf cf ij caprcsj j pcrsgfjs cxtrjújs. Jrt. :45. ‛ Kujiquecrj pcrsgfj puc`c jdrer uf sgkjvûf `c cxpigrjkeûf g

rckgfgkeaecftg `c tcrrcfg vjkjftc prcveg ci kuapieaecftg `c ig quc `espgfc ci  Jrtákuig :40. Cf ij sgieketu` `ckijrjrê ij igfmetu` y ijtetu` `ci tcrrcfg quc fckcsetj pjrj prjktekjr  sus rckgfgkeaecftgs, y tcf`rê cf åi igs `crckbgs `c cxpigrj`gr cstjdicke`gs cf ci Pátuig EEE. Tcmerê pjrj åi ig `espucstg cf ci Jrtákuig :;; rcspcktg `c igs krej`crgs quc cfkucftrc cf prgouf`e`j`. Jrt. :;>. ‛ Ci caprcsjreg fg puc`c jitcrjr ij `erckkeûf y `eacfsegfcs `ci sgkjvûf

fe fefmufj `c ijs kgf`ekegfcs `c ij kgfkcseûf, sef pcraesg `c ij jutgre`j` quc ig gtgrmjrê prcveg efograc `ci efmcfecrg. Cf ci kjsg `c kgftrjvcfkeûf, sc suspcf`crêf g rckteoekjrêf igs trjdjhgs, y sc bjrêf ijs fckcsjrejs rcpjrjkegfcs, tg`g j kgstj `ci caprcsjreg. Jrt. :;:. ‛ Ijs gdiemjkegfcs `c tg`g kgfkcsegfjreg `c sgkjvûf cf tcrrcfg orjfkg,

sc ieaetjf j ijs quc eapgfcf ij scmure`j` `c ij gdrj y `c igs gdrcrgs, y j ig rcijtevg ji gr`cf y pgiekáj `c ijs aefjs. Jrt. :;4. ‛ [e cf ci kursg `c sus trjdjhgs cfkucftrj ci sgkjvgfcrg uf krej`crg

kgrrcspgf`ecftc j pcrtcfcfkej jhcfj, ig cxpigtjrê sef vjrejr ij `erckkeûf fe ijs `eacfsegfcs `c ij gdrj. Igs aefcrjics cxtrjá`gs sc cftrcmjrêf ji `ucúg `c ij pcrtcfcfkej, pjmjf`g åstc igs mjstgs `c cxpigtjkeûf y jkjrrcg. Jrt. :;;. ‛ Ci sgkjvgfcrg mgzj `c igs preveicmegs `c `cskudre`gr igs krej`crgs

fucvgs quc semuecf`g su ijdgr, cfkucftrc cf tcrrcfg vjkjftc. Cstjs pcrtcfcfkejs sc `cajrkjrêf cf ij supcroekec kgf jrrcmig j ij setujkeûf, `erckkeûf y `caês kerkufstjfkejs `ci krej`crg, rckgfgke`js cf prgouf`e`j`. Jr Jrt. t. :;0 : ;0.. ‛ Ci sgkjvgfcrg tecfc `crckbg j cxpigtjr ci krej`crg fucvg quc

cfkucftrc cf pcrtcfcfkej kgrrcspgf`ecftc j gtrg krej`crg rcmestrj`g cf ij supcroekec, jdrecf`g fucvjs ijdgrcs cf scmueaecftg `ci fucvg krej`crg y jprgvckbjf`g cxkiusevjacftc igs aefcrjics quc cxtrjemj. Kcsj cstc `crckbg `cs`c ci agacftg cf quc ijs ijdgrcs `c ij aefj sc kgaufequcf kgf ijs `ci sgkjvûf.

 

Jrt. :;3. ‛ Ci pcraesg pjrj ijdrjr uf sgkjvûf cf tcrrcfg orjfkg kgaprcf`c ci

pcraesg pjrj cxpigrjr ufj supcroekec `c AEI (:.>>>) actrgs j kj`j ufg `c igs ij`gs y cf tg`j ij igfmetu` kgfkc`e`j ji sgkjvûf. Ci caprcsjreg pg`rê `cfufkejr y rcmestrjr prcocredicacftc ijs pcrtcfcfkejs jdjf`gfj`js quc cf csc cspjkeg sc cfkucftrcf. Fg gdstj cstj prcocrcfkej ji `cfufkeg `c uf tcrkcrg kujf`g ij gdrj `ci sgkjvûf bj se`g tcraefj`j g jdjf`gfj`j< g kujf`g bjdeåf`gsc jvjfzj`g igs trjdjhgs aês jiiê `ci pcráactrg kgrrcspgf`ecftc j csjs pcrtcfcfkejs, bjyjf trjfskurre`g KEFKSCFPJ (3>) `ájs sef quc sc bjyj bckbg usg `c csc `crckbg. Jr Jrt. t. :;? : ;?.. ‛ Pecfcf `crckbg j scrversc `ci sgkjvûf, sef pcrhuekeg `c igs `crckbgs

`ci sgkjvgfcrg, igs `ucúgs `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs jtrjvcsj`js. Ijs `ucúgs `c aefjs quc `c kujiquecr ajfcrj jprgvckbjf igs scrvekegs `ci sgkjvûf, pjmjrêf ji caprcsjreg ufj kjfte`j` cf `efcrg quc sc `ctcraefjrê pgr pcretgs, cf kgfse`crjkeûf j igs scrvekegs quc sc prcstcf, j igs mjstgs quc csgs scrvekegs gkjsegfcf, ji dcfcoekeg quc ci aefcrg rckedj y j igs kgstgs quc ckgfgaekc. Jrt. :;=. ‛ Igs `ucúgs `c ijs aefjs jtrjvcsj`js suspcf`crêf tg`g trjdjhg j

`estjfkej `c KSJPTG (0) actrgs `c ij ijdgr g kijrg `ci sgkjvûf. ^crg kujf`g sc trjtc `c jrrjfkjr aefcrjics, `c jdrer ufj kgaufekjkeûf g `c kujiquecr trjdjhg øtei, sc `jrê jvesg j ij jutgre`j` pjrj quc kgf ci efograc `ci efmcfecrg, `ctcraefc ci cspcsgr `ci ajkezg, g `ckijrc ij kijsc `c ogrteoekjkegfcs quc `cdcf rccapijzjrig. Igs mjstgs scrêf `c kucftj `c igs `ucúgs `c ijs aefjs. _ @c ij ograjkeûf `c mrupgs aefcrgs Jrt. :;2. ‛ Igs `ucúgs `c @G[ (4) g aês aefjs kgftemujs puc`cf kgfstetuer kgf

ciijs ufj sgij prgpec`j` kgf ufj sgij cxpigtjkeûf. @csámfjsc cstj rcufeûf `c pcrtcfcfkejs, kgrrcspgf`jf j uf sgig `ucúg g j `ucúgs `eocrcftcs, kgf ci fgadrc `c mrupg aefcrg. Jrt. :;5. ‛ ^jrj ij kgfstetukeûf `c uf mrupg aefcrg sc rcquecrc8

Zuc ijs pcrtcfcfkejs cståf ufe`js cf tg`j ij cxtcfseûf `c ufg `c sus ij`gs, ograjf`g uf sgig kucrpg, sef quc cftrc ciigs quc`c fefmøf cspjkeg vjkjftc. Zuc ci mrupg sc prcstc j ufj kûag`j y prgvckbgsj cxpigtjkeûf.

 

U quc ij jutgre`j` gtgrmuc kgf kgfgkeaecftg `c kjusj, ij kgrrcspgf`ecftc kgfkcseûf. Jrt. :0>. ‛ Igs `ucúgs `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs kgf quc `cdc ograjrsc ci mrupg,

gkurrerêf pjrj su kgfkcseûf j ij jutgre`j` pgr ac`eg `c uf pc`eacftg. Ci pc`eacftg kgftcf`rê8 :- Igs tátuigs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs j kj`j ufj `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs. 4- Sf pijfg `ci mrupg cf ci quc sc ajfeoecstc ij setujkeûf rcijtevj, ij cxtcfseûf y ograj `c ijs aefjs kgfkurrcftcs, sus fgadrcs, ci `c sus `ucúgs, ci quc bj `c iicvjr ij fucvj prgpec`j` y ci `c ijs aefjs kgief`jftcs. ;-Ij pjrtc g `crckbg jsemfj`g j kj`j ufg `c igs eftcrcsj`gs. 0 Ij `ckijrjkeûf `ci mrjvjacf quc jocktj j kj`j pcrtcfcfkej y ci fgadrc `c ijs pcrsgfjs j kuyg ojvgr cstå kgfstetue`g. 3 Ci jkucr`g kcicdrj`g cftrc igs jkrcc`grcs sgdrc ij ajfcrj kûag `cdcf pjsjr csgs mrjvêacfcs ji mrupg< y cf su `cocktg, ij prgpucstj `c djscs pjrj uf jrrcmig. Jrt. :0:. ‛ Ij sgieketu` sc fgteoekjrê j ijs pcrsgfjs j kuyg ojvgr cstuvecscf

mrjvj`js ijs pcrtcfcfkejs. [e cstjs pcrsgfjs fg sc cfkucftrjf cf ci iumjr `c su rcse`cfkej, ij pudiekjkeûf scrverê `c suoekecftc ketjkeûf. Ij pudiekjkeûf scrverê tjadeåf `c suoekecftc ketjkeûf pjrj tg`js ijs pcrsgfjs j quecfcs `c kujiquecr ajfcrj puc`j jocktjr ij jmrupjkeûf `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs. Ij pudiekjkeûf sc bjrê efscrtjf`g ij sgieketu` pgr PTC[ (;) vckcs cf ci cspjkeg `c @ECX (:>) `ájs, cf ci pcreû`ekg quc `csemfc ij jutgre`j` y oehêf`gsc cf ij pucrtj `ci goekeg `ci cskredjfg, `urjftc ci aesag tåraefg `c igs @ECX (:>) `ájs. Ij jutgre`j` rcsgivcrê ijs rckijajkegfcs quc sc prcscftjrcf, `cftrg `c igs PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs semuecftcs ji øiteag `c ijs pudiekjkegfcs. Jrt. :04. ‛ [e ijs pcrtcfcfkejs fg cstêf mrjvj`js, g se `c kujiquecr ajfcrj sc bj

jiijfj`g åstc y igs `caês puftgs sgdrc igs quc sc bjyj bckbg jimufj rckijajkeûf, ij jutgre`j`, jkgapjúj`j `c uf pcretg y `ci cskredjfg, prgkc`crê ji rckgfgkeaecftg y vcreoekjkeûf `c igs bckbgs.

 

Tcsuitjf`g quc ij rcufeûf `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs cs rcjiezjdic y kgfvcfecftc, sc oehjrêf ief`crgs cf igs cxtrcags `c ijs iáfcjs quc `ctcraefcf ci mrupg y cf tg`gs igs puftgs quc scj prckesg pjrj quc puc`j scr oêkeiacftc rckgfgke`g. Ci hucz kue`jrê `c quc sc prgkc`j efac`ejtjacftc j ij kgigkjkeûf `c ief`crgs cf igs iumjrcs ajrkj`gs pgr ci pcretg. Jrt. :0;. ‛ @c tg`g ig gdrj`g, sc cxtcf`crê jktj quc oerajrêf igs eftcrcsj`gs, ij

jutgre`j`, ci pcretg, y quc jutgrezjrê ci cskredjfg. Ci jktj kgftcf`rê8 Ci føacrg `c pcrtcfcfkejs kgfkurrcftcs, su fgadrc y ci `c sus `ucúgs. Ij ograj y `eacfsegfcs `ci mrupg y igs ief`crgs quc ig `ctcraefjf< cxprcsjf`g igs quc `cdjf kgfscrvjrsc y `csemfjf`g igs puftgs pjrj igs fucvgs quc scj prckesg kgigkjr. Ij setujkeûf rcijtevj `c ijs aefjs y `c igs gdhctgs kgf quc ief`cf.  J kgftefujkeûf `ci jktj sc cxtcf`crê ij prgve`cfkej `c kgfkcseûf, `ckijrjf`g se budecrc iumjr, ci gr`cf y ajfcrj kûag `cdcf pjsjr ji mrupg igs mrjvêacfcs `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs< scj kgf rcocrcfkej ji jkucr`g `c ijs pjrtcs, scj kgf rcocrcfkej j ij rcsgiukeûf `ektj`j, se ci jkucr`g fg budecsc tcfe`g iumjr. Jr Jrt. t. :00 : 00.. ‛ Jktj y prgve`cfkej sc efskrederêf cf ci rcmestrg `c acfsurj `êf`gsc j

ijs pjrtcs, kgag tátuig `c prgpec`j`, ijs kgpejs quc pe`ecrcf. Ci cxpc`ecftc sc jrkbevjrê cf ci iedrg j quc sc rcoecrc ci efkesg scmuf`g `ci  Jrtákuig 5;. Jrt. :03. ‛ Ci mrupg aefcrg puc`c kgfstjr `ci føacrg `c pcrtcfcfkejs

prcvejacftc acfsurj`js quc oucrcf fckcsjrejs, j huekeg `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, pjrj jdjrkjr ij ufe`j` mcgiûmekj `ci g `c igs yjkeaecftgs kudecrtgs pgr jquåiijs, kerkufstjfkej kuyg kuapieaecftg sc vcreoekjrê cf ij gpgrtufe`j` scújij`j pgr ci jrtákuig :04. PEPSIG _EEE @c ij cxpigtjkeûf E [crve`uadrcs Jrt. :0?. ‛ _creoekj`j ij kgfkcseûf, igs ouf`gs supcroekejics y igs efac`ejtgs cf su

kjsg, quc`jf suhctgs j ijs scrve`uadrcs semuecftcs, prcvej ef`cafezjkeûf8

 

:& Ij `c scr gkupj`gs cf ij cxtcfseûf kgfvcfecftc, kgf bjdetjkegfcs, goekefjs, `cpûsetgs, bgrfgs `c ouf`ekeûf, aêquefjs `c cxtrjkkeûf, aêquefjs `c dcfcoekeg pjrj igs prg`uktgs `c ij aefj, kgf kjfkbjs, tcrrcrgs y cskgrejics. 4& Ij gkupjkeûf `ci tcrrcfg pjrj ij jpcrturj `c vájs `c kgaufekjkeûf y trjfspgrtc, scj pgr igs ac`egs gr`efjregs, scj pgr trjfvájs, ocrrgkjrreics, kjfjics u gtrgs, bjstj jrredjr j ijs cstjkegfcs, cadjrkj`crgs, `cpûsetgs, kjaefgs pødiekgs g pjrtekuijrcs aês prûxeags g aês kgfvcfecftcs, y j igs jdrcvj`crgs, jmuj`js y pjstgs. ;& Ci usg `c ijs jmujs fjturjics pjrj ijs fckcse`j`cs `c ij cxpigtjkeûf, pjrj ij dcde`j `c ijs pcrsgfjs y jfeajics gkupj`js cf ij ojcfj y pjrj ci agveaecftg y scrvekeg `c ijs aêquefjs. Cstc `crckbg kgaprcf`c ci `c prjktekjr igs trjdjhgs fckcsjregs pjrj ij prgveseûf y kgf`ukkeûf `c ijs jmujs. 0& Ci usg `c igs pjstgs fjturjics cf tcrrcfgs fg kcrkj`gs. Jrt. :0=. ‛ [e ij kgf`ukkeûf `c ijs jmujs kgrrecftcs gorckc vcr`j`crgs pcrhuekegs

ji kuitevg `ci ouf`g g j cstjdickeaecftgs ef`ustrejics yj efstjij`gs g cf cstj`g `c kgfstrukkeûf, ij scrve`uadrc sc ieaetjrê j ij kjfte`j` `c jmuj quc, sef csc pcrhuekeg, puc`j kgf`ukersc. ^crg, cf tg`g kjsg bjdrê iumjr j ij dcde`j `c igs jfeajics y ji jkjrrcg pjrj ijs fckcse`j`cs `c ij aefj. Jrt. :02. ‛ Ci usg `c igs kjaefgs jdecrtgs pjrj SFJ (:) g aês aefjs sc cxtcf`crê

j tg`js ijs `ci aesag aefcrji g jsecftg, secaprc quc sc pjmucf cf prgpgrkeûf j igs dcfcoekegs quc rckedjf, igs kgstgs `c ij gdrj y mjstgs `c kgfscrvjkeûf. Jr Jrt. t. :05 : 05.. ‛ Igs `ucúgs `c aefjs cstêf rckáprgkjacftc gdiemj`gs j pcraeter igs

trjdjhgs, gdrjs y scrvekegs quc scjf øteics g fckcsjregs j ij cxpigtjkeûf, kgag `csjmùcs, vcfteijkeûf, pjsjhc y gtrgs emujiacftc kgfvcfecftcs, secaprc quc fg pcrhu`equcf su prgpej cxpigtjkeûf. Jr Jrt. t. :3> : 3>.. ‛ Igs aefcrjics cxtrjá`gs cf ci kursg `c cstgs trjdjhgs, `cdcf scr

pucstgs mrjtuetjacftc j `espgsekeûf `ci `ucúg `c ij aefj gkupj`j. Kujf`g igs trjdjhgs sc semucf cf tcrrcfg orjfkg igs aefcrjics kgrrcspgf`cf ji caprcsjreg, kgag se budecscf se`g cxtrjá`gs `c su prgpej pcrtcfcfkej. Jrt. :3:. ‛ Ijs scrve`uadrcs rcocrcftcs j igs ouf`gs cxtrjúgs, tcf`rêf iumjr

kujf`g fg puc`jf kgfstetuersc `cftrg `c ij kgfkcseûf.

 

 J ij kgfstetukeûf `c ijs scrve`uadrcs `cdc prckc`cr ci kgrrcspgf`ecftc pcraesg `c ij jutgre`j`. [e ci tcrrcfg quc bj `c gkupjrsc cstuvecsc orjfkg, pg`rê pc`ersc japiejkeûf kgf jrrcmig j ig `espucstg cf ci pjrêmrjog preacrg `ci Pátuig _EE. Jrt. :34. ‛ Ijs scrve`uadrcs sc kgfstetuycf, prcvej ef`cafezjkeûf `ci vjigr `c ijs

peczjs `c tcrrcfg gkupj`js y `c igs pcrhuekegs kgfsemuecftcs j ij gkupjkeûf. Jrt. :3;. ‛ Kujf`g igs trjdjhgs quc bjf `c caprcf`crsc, scjf urmcftcs< g

kujf`g sc trjtc `c ij kgftefujkeûf `c gtrgs yj cftjdij`gs, kuyj pjrjiezjkeûf kjusc pcrhuekeg< g kujf`g bjyjf trjfskurre`g ZSEFKC (:3) `ájs `cs`c ci semuecftc ji jvesg `ci kgfkcsegfjreg g j ij rckijajkeûf `ci prgpectjreg, g kujf`g igs pcrhuekegs fg sc bjf prg`uke`g, g fg puc`c oehjrsc oêkeiacftc ci vjigr `c ij ef`cafezjkeûf, pg`rê jquåi pc`er ij kgfstetukeûf prcvej `c ij scrve`uadrc, gtgrmjf`g oejfzj suoekecftc. Jrt. :30. ‛ Ci prgpectjreg puc`c jvjfzjr sus ijdgrcs `cdjhg `c ijs bjdetjkegfcs y

iumjrcs rcscrvj`gs, prcveg pcraesg `c ij jutgre`j`, prgpectjreg y ac`ejftc ij kgrrcspgf`ecftc oejfzj. gtgrmj`g kgf ketjkeûf `ci Ij jutgre`j` fg jkgr`jrê ci pcraesg, kujf`g ij scmure`j` `c ijs bjdetjkegfcs y `c sus agrj`grcs kgrrj pciemrg< pcrg ci kgfkcsegfjreg pg`rê pc`er ij j`hu`ekjkeûf `c ijs bjdetjkegfcs y kgfstrukkegfcs kgf ci tcrrcfg kgrrcspgf`ecftc, kgfograc j ig `espucstg cf ci efkesg tcrkcrg `ci Jrtákuig :;. Jrt. :33. ‛ Ci kgfkcsegfjreg puc`c cstjdickcr cf ci êadetg `c ij pcrtcfcfkej, igs

trjdjhgs quc krcj fckcsjregs g kgfvcfecftcs j ij cxpigtjkeûf, sef prcvej jutgrezjkeûf. Ci prgpectjreg pg`rê gpgfcrsc j ij efekejkeûf g prgsckukeûf `c csgs trjdjhgs, øfekjacftc cf igs kjsgs semuecftcs8 : Kujf`g kgf ciigs sc kgftrjvcfmj, cf pcrhuekeg suyg, j jimufj `espgsekeûf `c ij icy. 4 Kujf`g sc gkupc uf tcrrcfg, kuyj ef`cafezjkeûf fg bjyj se`g pjmj`j g joejfzj`j. Ij gpgsekeûf fg cxkiuyc ci `crckbg `c gorckcr oejfzj cf igs kjsgs pcraete`gs pgr ij icy.

 

EE @c ij j`quesekeûf `ci sucig Jrt. :3?. ‛ Ij kgfkcseûf `c ufj aefj kgaprcf`c ci `crckbg ci `crckbg `c cxemer

ij vcftj `ci tcrrcfg kgrrcspgf`ecftc. Aecftrjs tjftg, sc suhctjrê j ig `espucstg cf ci pjrêmrjog `c ijs scrve`uadrcs. Jrt. :3=. ‛ Ci `crckbg jkgr`j`g ji kgfkcsegfjreg cf ci prckc`cftc jrtákuig, sc

ieaetj j ij cxtcfseûf `c ufj pcrtcfcfkej gr`efjrej, kujf`g ci pcráactrg `c ij kgfkcseûf cs ajygr. ^crg tcf`rê `crckbg j ufj fucvj j`quesekeûf secaprc quc ijs fckcse`j`cs g kgfvcfecfkejs `c ij aefj ig rcquecrjf. Kgf rcijkeûf ji rcstg `ci tcrrcfg quc kgfstetuyc ij pcrtcfcfkej, rcmerê ig `espucstg cf ci efkesg oefji `ci jftcregr jrtákuig. Jrt. :32. ‛ [e ci tcrrcfg kgrrcspgf`ecftc j ufj kgfkcseûf, cs `ci Cstj`g g

Aufekepeg, ij kcseûf scrê mrjtuetj. Ij kcseûf kgaprcf`c igs `crckbgs kgfsemfj`gs cf ci Jrtákuig :3?. Ij kcseûf `ci tcrrcfg sudsesterê aecftrjs ij aefj fg sc `ckijrc vjkjftc, g scj jdjf`gfj`j. [e igs tcrrcfgs cstuvecrcf kuitevj`gs, ci kgfkcsegfjreg pjmjrê ij kgrrcspgf`ecftc ef`cafezjkeûf. Jrt. :35. ‛ Kujf`g igs tcrrcfgs pcrtcfckcf j pjrtekuijrcs, `cdcrê pjmjrsc

prcvejacftc su vjigr y igs pcrhuekegs< pcrg se ci aefcrg igs tecfc gkupj`gs g quesecrj gkupjrigs, gtgrmjrê oejfzj suoekecftc aecftrjs sc prjktekjf ijs `eiemcfkejs kgf`ukcftcs ji pjmg. Cf ij vjigrjkeûf sc kgfse`crjrê ci cspjkeg kgaprcf`e`g `cftrg `c ijs scújics g ief`crgs prgvesegfjics quc sc oehcf pjrj `ctcraefjr ijs pcrtcfcfkejs. ^rjktekj`j ij acfsurj y `cajrkjkeûf icmji, sc bjrêf ijs rcstetukegfcs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs, scmøf ij ajygr g acfgr cxtcfseûf quc `coefetevjacftc sc j`hu`equc. Jrt. :?>. ‛ [e jftcs `c sgieketjr y gdtcfcr ci tcrrcfg, sc budecrc pjmj`g ci vjigr `c

igs `júgs kjusj`gs ji prgpectjreg kgf igs trjdjhgs `c cxpigtjkeûf, ij vjiujkeûf sc suhctjrê ji cstj`g cf quc ijs kgsjs sc cfkucftrcf ji tecapg `c ij kgaprj. [e budecrc pjmj`g jimufjs peczjs `ci tcrrcfg gkupj`g, su vjigr sc tcf`rê kgag pjrtc `ci prckeg.

 

EEE Tcspgfsjdeie`j`cs Jrt. :?:. ‛ Ci prgpectjreg `c ufj aefj cs rcspgfsjdic `c igs pcrhuekegs kjusj`g j

tcrkcrgs, tjftg pgr igs trjdjhgs supcroekejics kgag pgr igs sudtcrrêfcgs, jufquc cstgs pcrhuekegs prgvcfmjf `c jkke`cftcs g kjsgs ogrtuetgs. Igs pcrhuekegs scrêf prcvejacftc husteoekj`gs, y fg pg`rêf rckijajrsc `cspuås `c trjfskurre`gs [CE[ (?) acscs `cs`c ci `áj `ci sukcsg. Jrt. :?4. ‛ Ij rcspgfsjdeie`j` `ci `ucúg `c ij aefj, kcsj8

: Kujf`g igs trjdjhgs pcrhu`ekj`gs bjf se`g caprcf`e`gs `cspuås `c ij kgfkcseûf sgdrc iumjrcs cxpigtj`gs, g cf jktuji cxpigtjkeûf, g cf `erckkeûf `c igs trjdjhgs cf jkteve`j`, g sgdrc ci krej`crg ajfeocstj`g g rckgfgke`g. 4 Kujf`g, `cspuås `c ij kgfkcseûf sc caprcf`j kujiquecr trjdjhg sef prcveg jvesg j ij jutgre`j` fe ketjkeûf `ci `ucúg `c ij aefj. ; Kujf`g sc kgfteføcf trjdjhgs suspcf`e`gs SF (:) júg jftcs `c ij kgfkcseûf. 0 Kujf`g ci pciemrg pjrj ijs gdrjs g trjdjhgs quc sc caprcf`jf, cxestáj jftcs g crj kgfsemuecftc j ij fucvj cxpigtjkeûf. @j`g ci jvesg, sc prgkc`crê ji rckgfgkeaecftg `c igs iumjrcs, `chêf`gsc kgfstjfkej `c quc ci puftg `csemfj`g pgr ci prgpectjreg `ci sucig cstê kgaprcf`e`g g fg cf jimufg `c igs kjsgs ef`ekj`gs cf igs efkesgs prckc`cftcs. Jrt. :?;. ‛ [c `cdc ef`cafezjkeûf ji prgpectjreg quc `chj `c trjdjhjr pgr jimufj

`c ijs kjusjs ef`ekj`js cf ci jrtákuig prckc`cftc. Kujf`g ijs gdrjs `c kuyj kgfstrukkeûf sc trjtj sgf fckcsjrejs g vcr`j`crjacftc øteics< ci tcrrcfg j`ckuj`g pjrj csjs gdrjs, y fg cs pgsedic cstjdickcrijs cf gtrg puftg. Cf cstc kjsg, ci prgpectjreg gptjrê8 G pgr ci pjmg `c ij `eocrcfkej `c prckeg cftrc ci tcrrcfg tji kuji sc cfkucftrj y ci tcrrcfg kgfse`crj`g kgag efj`ckuj`g pjrj ijs gdrjs quc `cdcf caprcf`crsc, prcskef`ecf`g `c igs dcfcoekegs quc csjs gdrjs pu`ecrjf prg`uker. G pgr ci pjmg `ci tcrrcfg `csemfj`g scmøf tjsjkeûf, ci quc cf cstc kjsg pjsjrê ji `gaefeg `ci kgfkcsegfjreg.

 

Jrt. :?0. ‛ SF (:) júg `cspuås `c vcfke`gs igs pijzgs pjrj ij chckukeûf `c ij

ijdgr icmji, ci prgpectjreg pg`rê cxemer quc ci kgfkcsegfjreg kgaprc ci tcrrcfg gkupj`g, kujf`g pgr kjusj `c ij cxpigtjkeûf budecsc quc`j`g eføtei g auy pgkg j prgpûsetg pjrj sus gr`efjrejs jpiekjkegfcs. @G[ (4) júgs `cspuås `c vcfke`gs csgs pijzgs, ci prgpectjreg pg`rê cxemer ij kgaprj `ci tcrrcfg kgrrcspgf`ecftc j ij kgfkcseûf, kujiquecrj quc scj su cstj`g. [e ij kgfkcseûf cxkc`ecrc `c ufj ufe`j` `c ac`e`j, sûig pg`rê cxemer ij kgaprj `c ijs ufe`j`cs quc cstuvecrcf gkupj`js kgf trjdjhgs u gdrjs quc fg scjf `c kjrêktcr trjfsetgreg. Cstgs jktgs sc suhctjrêf j ijs `espgsekegfcs `ci Jrtákuig :?>. Jrt. :?3. ‛ Ci `ucúg `ci sucig `cdc ef`cafezjkeûf ji `ucúg `c ij aefj pgr igs

pcrhuekegs kjusj`gs j ij cxpigtjkeûf kgf trjdjhgs cf gdrjs pgstcregrcs j ij kgfkcseûf, cf igs aesags kjsgs cf quc scmøf ci Jrtákuig :?4, fg tecfc ci prgpectjreg `crckbg j kgdrjrigs. Ijs ef`cafezjkegfcs cf cstc kjsg sc rc`ukcf ji pjmg `c igs gdhctgs efuteiezj`gs y ji `c ijs rcpjrjkegfcs g ogrteoekjkegfcs quc scjf fckcsjrejs pjrj ij kgapictj bjdeietjkeûf `c ij aefj. Jrt. :??. ‛ J sgieketu` `ci kgfkcsegfjreg y djhg su rcspgfsjdeie`j` sc suspcf`crêf

igs trjdjhgs quc jacfjzjf ij scmure`j` `c ij cxpigtjkeûf g ic gkjsegfcf pcrhuekegs. [e rcsuitjrc quc fg bjy recsmg pjrj ij cxpigtjkeûf kgftefujrêf igs trjdjhgs. Cf gtrg kjsg, scrê fckcsjreg quc sc ref`j oejfzj suoekecftc pgr tg`gs igs `júgs y pcrhuekegs quc puc`jf sgdrcvcfer. [c pjmjrêf cstgs `júgs y pcrhuekegs se sc kgfteføjf igs trjdjhgs `cspuås `c ij gr`cf `c suspcfseûf y jftcs `c prcstjrsc csj oejfzj. Jrt. :?=. ‛ Ci kgfkcsegfjreg `c ufj aefj fg puc`c gpgfcrsc ji cstjdickeaecftg `c

kjaefgs, kjfjics y gtrjs vájs pødiekjs `c kerkuijkeûf, kujf`g ijs gdrjs `cdjf chckutjrsc pgr ci Cstj`g, g pgr pjrtekuijrcs quc bjyjf gdtcfe`g ci `crckbg `c cxprgpejkeûf pgr kjusj `c uteie`j` pødiekj, y kujf`g ij `erckkeûf `c ijs vájs g ij udekjkeûf `c ijs gdrjs fg puc`j vjrejrsc fe ag`eoekjrsc cf scfte`g ojvgrjdic j ij kgfkcseûf. Jrt. :?2. ‛ Ci `ucúg `c ufj kgfkcseûf pgstcregr j ij jutgrezjkeûf `c uf kjaefg

pødiekg, sc sgactcrê sef `crckbg j ef`cafezjkeûf, j tg`js ijs rcstrekkegfcs y mrjvêacfcs kgf`ukcftcs j su chckukeûf.

 

Jrt. :?5. ‛ Kujf`g ij kgfkcseûf `c ij aefj cs jftcregr j ij jutgrezjkeûf `c ijs

vájs pødiekjs `c kerkuijkeûf, ci kgfkcsegfjreg tecfc `crckbg j kgdrjr pcrhuekegs `ci Cstj`g, `ci aufekepeg y `c igs caprcsjregs pjrtekuijrcs. Jr Jrt. t. :=> : =>.. ‛ Igs cstjdickeaecftgs pødiekgs `c ouf`ekeûf y dcfcoekeg `c aefcrjics sc

suhctjrêf j ijs `espgsekegfcs quc remcf ijs caprcsjs ef`ustrejics kgaufcs. PEPSIG ER @espgsekegfcs cspckejics sgdrc ijs sustjfkejs `c ij scmuf`j kjtcmgráj [CKKEGF ^TEACTJ [ustjfkejs kgfkcsedics prcocrcftcacftc ji prgpectjreg `ci tcrrcfg Jrt. :=:. ‛ Kujf`g ijs sustjfkejs cfuacrj`js cf igs efkesgs k) y semuecftcs `ci

 Jrtákuig 0 cstêf cf tcrrcfg `c `gaefeg pjrtekuijr, kgrrcspgf`cf prcocrcftcacftc ji prgpectjreg< pcrg ij jutgre`j` ijs kgfkc`crê ji preacr sgieketjftc, secaprc quc ci `ucúg rcqucre`g ji cocktg, fg ijs cxpigtc `cftrg `ci tåraefg `c KECF (:>>) `ájs, g fg `ckijrc cf ci `c _CEFPC (4>), su vgiuftj` `c cxpigtjrijs. E @c igs `cskudre`grcs Jrt. :=4. ‛ Ci prgpectjreg quc quecrj cxpigtjr ijs sustjfkejs sgdrc ijs quc ij icy ic

rckgfgkc prcocrcfkej, pc`erê prcvejacftc ij `cajrkjkeûf `c pcrtcfcfkejs. Jrt. :=;. ‛ Ci `cskudre`gr `c ijs sustjfkejs `c scmuf`j kijsc cf tcrrcfgs `c

`gaefeg pjrtekuijr, tcf`rê `crckbg j ufj ef`cafezjkeûf pgr pjrtc `ci prgpectjreg, se åstc prcoecrc cxpigtjr pgr su kucftj ci `cskudreaecftg. Ci vjigr `c ij ef`cafezjkeûf sc `ctcraefjrê pgr ij eapgrtjfkej `ci `cskudreaecftg y `c igs mjstgs `c ij cxpigrjkeûf, bckbj `cftrg `c igs iáaetcs `c ij prgpec`j` pjrtekuijr. EE @c ij `cajrkjkeûf `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs Jrt. :=0. ‛ Ijs kgfkcsegfcs kgfstjrêf `c uf sûig kucrpg `c ograj rcktjfmuijr g

kuj`rj`j cf kujftg ig pcraetjf igs jkke`cftcs `ci tcrrcfg y yjkeaecftg `c ijs sustjfkejs. [crverêf `c djsc j ij `cajrkjkeûf igs pgzgs g zjfhjs chckutj`js pgr ci kgfkcsegfjreg< `cdecf`g oehjrsc ief`crgs oeracs cf igs puftgs kgfvcfecftcs pjrj `chjr kijrj y prckesjacftc `ctcraefj`j ij ograj y udekjkeûf `c ij pcrtcfcfkej. Jrt. :=3. ‛ Ci `ucúg `ci tcrrcfg puc`c tgajr kujiquecr føacrg `c pcrtcfcfkejs

kgftefujs g `eskgftefujs, prcvej ij sgieketu` prcskreptj cf ci Jrtákuig :=4.

 

Jrt. :=?. ‛ Ijs kgfkcsegfcs bckbjs j igs `cskudre`grcs kgfstjrêf `c @G[ (4)

pcrtcfcfkejs< y `c PTC[ (;), se ij kgfkcseûf cs j ojvgr `c ufj kgapjúáj. Jr Jrt. t. :== : ==.. ‛ Ijs sustjfkejs actjiáocrjs j quc sc rcoecrc ci pcføiteag efkesg `ci

 Jrtákuig 0 sc sgieketjrêf cf ij aesaj ograj quc ijs ijs sustjfkejs `c ij preacrj kjtcmgráj. Jrt. :=2. ‛ Cf ci aesag kjsg kgigkjf ijs tecrrjs peretgsjs y `caês sustjfkejs

cfuacrj`js cf ci efkesg oefji `ci ef`ekj`g Jrtákuig 0. Jrt. :=5. ‛ Igs `cpûsetgs `c sjietrc, ijs sjiefjs y turdcrjs, sc sgieketjrêf cf ij

aesaj ograj quc ijs sustjfkejs `c ij preacrj kjtcmgráj. Jr Jrt. t. :2> : 2>.. ‛ Ijs pcrtcfcfkejs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs j ijs sustjfkejs j quc sc rcoecrcf

igs Jrtákuigs :=2 y :=5, tcf`rêf ij aesaj ograj y `eacfsegfcs quc sc cstjdickcf cf ci Pátuig _, Jkêpetc E, `c cstc Kû`emg. Jrt. :2:. ‛ Ijs pcrtcfcfkejs `c igs `cpûsetgs `c sjietrc y `c ijs sjiefjs `c

kgsckbj kgfstjrêf `c KECF (:>>) bcktêrcjs. Ijs `c sji `c rgkj y ijs `c turdj `c _CEFPC (4>) bcktêrcjs. [CKKEGF [CMSF@J [ustjfkejs `c jprgvckbjaecftg kgaøf Jrt. :24. ‛ [gf `c jprgvckbjaecftg kgaøf ijs sustjfkejs kgaprcf`e`js cf igs

Efkesgs j) y d) `ci Jrtákuig 0. Jrt. :2;. ‛ ^jrj ci jprgvckbjaecftg `c ijs sustjfkejs kgaprcf`e`js cf ci Jrtákuig

:24 fg sc rcquecrc kgfkcseûf, pcraesg fe jvesg prcveg. Jrt. :20. ‛ Fg sgf `c jprgvckbjaecftg kgaøf ijs sustjfkejs kgaprcf`e`js cf ci

Efkesg j) `c `ekbg Jrtákuig 0, kujf`g sc cfkucftrjf cf tcrrcfgs kuitevj`gs. Jrt. :23. ‛ J sgieketu` `c kujiquecr pcrsgfj, ij jutgre`j` `ckijrjrê `c

jprgvckbjaecftg kgaøf, kujiquecrj quc scj ci `ucúg `c igs tcrrcfgs `gf`c sc cfkucftrcf< igs tcrrcrgs, rcijvcs y cskgrejics, prgkc`cftcs `c aefjs g cstjdickeaecftgs `c dcfcoekeg jdjf`gfj`gs, prcvejs ijs kgaprgdjkegfcs fckcsjrejs. Kgf ij pudiekjkeûf `c csj `ckijrjkeûf, pg`rêf jprgvckbjrsc igs `cpûsetgs sef fckcse`j` `c iekcfkej, jvesg fe gtrj ograjie`j`. Jrt. :2?. ‛ Kujiquecrj puc`c sgieketjr ufj pcrtcfcfkej pjrj ci usg cxkiusevg `c ijs

sustjfkejs `c jprgvckbjaecftg kgaøf.

 

E @c ij kgfkcseûf `c pcrtcfcfkejs Jrt. :2=. ‛ Kujf`g sc quecrj bjkcr ufj cxpigtjkeûf cxkiusevj `c igs rágs y

pijkcrcs cf cstjdickeaecftgs oehgs, sc sgieketjrêf pcrtcfcfkejs aefcrjs. Cf ij sgieketu` sc cxprcsjrê ij setujkeûf prckesj `ci seteg quc sc prctcf`c, `ctcraefêf`gig pgr ac`eg `c ief`crgs prgvesgregs, se fg budecsc gdhctgs oeracs j quc rcocrersc. Jrt. :22. ‛ Kujf`g ij cxpigtjkeûf `c ijs prg`ukkegfcs `c rágs y pijkcrcs bjyj `c

bjkcrsc cf cstjdickeaecftgs oehgs, ijs pcrtcfcfkejs kgfstjrêf `c KECF AEI (:>>.>>>) actrgs kuj`rj`gs. Jrt. :25. ‛ Ijs gdrjs y jpjrjtgs fckcsjregs pjrj ci dcfcoekeg `cdcrêf cstjr cf

cstj`g `c oufkegfjr PTC[KECFPG[ (;>>) `ájs `cspuås `ci prgvcá`g `c ij jutgre`j`. Aecftrjs tjftg, fg pg`rêf jprgvckbjrsc fe pgr ci aesag sgieketjftc, ijs sustjfkejs kgaprcf`e`js cf ci pcráactrg `cfufkej`g. Ij jutgre`j`, prcveg efograc `ci efmcfecrg goekeji, `ckijrjrê ijs kgf`ekegfcs `ci cstjdickeaecftg, fckcsjrejs pjrj quc puc`j gtgrmjrsc ij kgfkcseûf. Jr Jrt. t. :5> : 5>.. ‛ Kujf`g sc sgieketcf pcrtcfcfkejs aefcrjs pjrj cstjdickeaecftgs oehgs,

sc fgteoekjrêf ijs pcrsgfjs quc gkupcf ci cspjkeg `cfufkej`g. [e sc sgieketjf pcrtcfcfkejs `c ijs sustjfkejs kgaprcf`e`js cf ci Efkesg k) y semuecftcs `ci Jrtákuig 0, sc cxprcsjrêf igs fgadrcs `c ijs pcrsgfjs y `caês ef`ekjkegfcs cxeme`js cf ijs ajfeocstjkegfcs g `cfufkegs `c aefjs. Jrt. :5:. ‛ Ijs pcrtcfcfkejs `c igs tcrrcrgs y cskgrejics tcf`rêf [C[CFPJ AEI

(?>.>>>) actrgs kuj`rj`gs. Jrt. :54. ‛ Ij jutgre`j` kgfkc`crê j igs kgfkurrcftcs quc ig sgieketcf , ci seteg quc `csemfcf pjrj su jprgvckbjaecftg cxkiusevg. Ij jutgre`j` puc`c `c goekeg bjkcr cftrc igs kgfkurrcftcs `estredukegfcs `c setegs, kujf`g jsá ig cxehjf ij kgfscrvjkeûf `ci gr`cf y ij aês jrrcmij`j y øtei cxpigtjkeûf. Cf ufg y gtrg kjsg cs iedrc ij cickkeûf `c igs ac`egs pjrj ci dcfcoekeg `c ijs tecrrjs. Jrt. :5;. ‛ Ijs jsemfjkegfcs quc sc bekecrcf cf igs kjsgs `ci Jrtákuig :54

kgfstjrêf `c @ECX AEI (:>.>>>) actrgs kuj`rj`gs, quc ij jutgre`j` pg`rê rc`uker

 

bjstj ij aetj` g cxtcf`cr bjstj ci `gdic, scmøf ci føacrg `c igs sgieketjftcs y cxtcfseûf `c igs krej`crgs.  Jktg kgftefug, sc prgkc`crê j kgigkjr ief`crgs prgvesgregs kgf ij eftcrvcfkeûf `ci  hucz quecf `cke`erê tg`j `u`j g rckijajkeûf. Cstgs ief`crgs pg`rêf rjteoekjrsc g rckteoekjrsc pgr ci hucz kgf eftcrvcfkeûf `ci efmcfecrg g pcretg goekeji. Jrt. :50. ‛ [gf `cfufkejdics j igs cocktgs `ci Jrtákuig :2?, y sc kgfkc`crêf ji

preacr sgieketjftc8 : Igs tcrrcrgs, rcijvcs y cskgrejics `c ijs aefjs jdjf`gfj`js, se PTC[ (;) acscs `cspuås `c `ckijrj`g ci jdjf`gfg fg budecscf se`g gkupj`js g `cfufkej`js. 4 Igs cskgrejics `c cstjdickeaecftgs `c dcfcoekeg jdjf`gfj`gs pgr sus `ucúgs y quc fg cstêf rcsmujr`j`gs pgr pjrc`cs g tjpejs. Jrt. :53. ‛ Igs `ucúgs `c ijs aefjs g cstjdickeaecftgs kuygs tcrrcrgs, rcijvcs y

cskgrejics, sc `cfufkejrcf, scrêf fgteoekj`gs pjrj quc cf ci tåraefg `c KECF (:>>) `ájs `cf prefkepeg j su cxpigtjkeûf. [e fg oucrcf pcrsgfjs kgfgke`js g cstuvecscf juscftcs, sc oehjrê ij sgieketu` y su prgvcá`g cf ijs pucrtjs `ci goekeg `ci cskredjfg `urjftc _CEFPC (4>) `ájs, y sc pudiekjrê KEFKG (3) vckcs `cftrg `c csc tåraefg cf ci pcreû`ekg `ci aufekepeg quc `csemfc ij jutgre`j`. [e igs `ucúgs fg `jf prefkepeg j ij cxpigtjkeûf `cftrg `ci pijzg `c KECF (:>>) `ájs scújij`g cf ci pêrrjog preacrg, sc bjrê iumjr ji `cfufkeg. Jrt. :5?. ‛ Kujf`g uf tcrkcrg `cfufkejrc ij aefj jdjf`gfj`j, ci kgfkcsegfjreg

`c igs `cpûsetgs tcf`rê `crckbg j kgftefujr su cxpigtjkeûf, aecftrjs fg scj `cde`jacftc ef`cafezj`g. EE @c ijs rcijkegfcs cftrc igs kgfkcsegfjregs y igs `ucúgs `ci sucig Jrt. :5=. ‛ Ci kgfkcsegfjreg fg tecfc `crckbg j cxemer ij vcftj `ci tcrrcfg

kgaprcf`e`g cf ci pcráactrg `c su pcrtcfcfkej, kujf`g sc trjtj `c sustjfkejs `c jprgvckbjaecftg kgaøf, g `c kujicsquecrj gtrjs quc, pgr su yjkeaecftg g su fjturjiczj, fg tcfmjf ci kjrêktcr `c pcrajfcftcs. Jrt. :52. ‛ Fg sc `cdc ef`cafezjkeûf pgr ci sucig quc gkupjf igs `cpûsetgs, yj

cståf cftrcmj`gs ji jprgvckbjaecftg kgaøf, yj scjf gdhctg `c ufj kgfkcseûf.

 

Pjapgkg sc `cdc ef`cafezjkeûf pgr ci vjigr `c ijs sustjfkejs, juf cf ci kjsg `c quc sc prcscftcf cf oeigfcs u gtrjs ograjs rcmuijrcs. Jrt. :55. ‛ [e ci prgpectjreg fckcsetj pjrtc `ci tcrrcfg gkupj`g kgf igs `cpûsetgs,

pjrj bjkcr ufj kgfstrukkeûf u gtrg trjdjhg kgfvcfecftc, ij jutgre`j` scújijrê ji kgfkcsegfjreg uf pijzg kûag`g djhg ij djsc `c uf trjdjhg `c japjrg, pjrj quc ig `csgkupc. Jrt. 4>>. ‛ Cf tg`gs igs kjsgs fg prcvestgs cf ci prcscftc Pátuig y quc fg scjf

kgftrjregs j sus `espgsekegfcs, rcmerêf ijs cstjdicke`js pjrj ijs sustjfkejs `c ij preacrj kjtcmgráj. PEPSIG R @espgsekegfcs kgfkcrfecftcs j ijs sustjfkejs `c ij tcrkcrj kjtcmgráj Jrt. 4>:. ‛ Ci Cstj`g y ijs aufekepjie`j`cs puc`cf kc`cr mrjtuetj g

kgf`ekegfjiacftc y kcicdrjr tg`j kijsc `c kgftrjtgs kgf rcocrcfkej j ijs kjftcrjs, kujf`g sc cfkucftrjf cf tcrrcfgs `c su `gaefeg. Aecftrjs tjftg, cstjs kjftcrjs scrêf `c jprgvckbjaecftg kgaøf. Jrt. 4>4. ‛ Kujf`g bjyj `c kc`crsc j uf tcrkcrg, pgr kujiquecr tátuig, g kjusj, ci

seteg quc gtrg cstê cxpigtjf`g cf vertu` `c ig `espucstg cf ci jrtákuig jftcregr, ci gkupjftc scrê prcocre`g djhg ijs aesajs kgf`ekegfcs. Jrt. 4>;. ‛ [e ijs sustjfkejs sc cfkucftrjf cf tcrrcfgs `c `gaefeg prevj`g, uf

tcrkcrg pg`rê cxpigtjrijs kgf tji quc ij caprcsj sc `ckijrc `c uteie`j` pødiekj. Cf cstc kjsg, sc `jrê ji prgpectjreg ij prcocrcfkej pjrj quc ijs cxpigtc pgr su kucftj, djhg ijs aesajs kgf`ekegfcs quc prgpgfmj ci gkurrcftc. Jrt. 4>0. ‛ Ij cxpigtjkeûf `c ijs kjftcrjs cstê sgacte`j j ijs `espgsekegfcs `c

cstc Kû`emg y `c igs rcmijacftgs `c aefjs cf ig kgfkcrfecftc j ij pgiekáj y scmure`j` `c ijs ijdgrcs. PEPSIG RE @c igs aefcrjics fukicjrcs Jrt. 4>3. ‛ Ij cxpigrjkeûf y cxpigtjkeûf `c aefcrjics fukicjrcs y `c igs

`csagftcs, rcijvcs y cskgrejics quc igs kgftcfmjf, sc rcmerêf pgr ijs `espgsekegfcs `c cstc Kû`emg rcocrcftcs j ijs aefjs `c preacrj y scmuf`j kjtcmgráj, cf tg`g ig quc fg sc cfkucftrc ag`eoekj`g pgr ci prcscftc Pátuig.

 

Ci grmjfesag quc pgr icy sc `csemfc, prcstjrê j igs cstj`gs prgvefkejics jscsgrjaecftg tåkfekg, aefcrg y `c prcvcfkeûf `c recsmgs, kgf rcspcktg j ijs jkteve`j`cs `c cxpigrjkeûf y cxpigtjkeûf fukicjr quc sc `csjrrgiicf cf kj`j prgvefkej. J tjics cocktgs `ekbg grmjfesag pg`rê kcicdrjr kgfvcfegs kgf ijs prgvefkejs rcspcktg j ijs jkteve`j`cs j `csjrrgiijr. Jrt. 4>?. ‛ @ckiêrjfsc aefcrjics fukicjrcs ci urjfeg y ci tgreg Jrt. 4>=. ‛ Zuecfcs cxpigtcf aefjs quc kgftcfmjf aefcrjics fukicjrcs quc`jf

gdiemj`gs j prcscftjr jftc ij jutgre`j` aefcrj uf pijf `c rcstjurjkeûf `ci cspjkeg fjturji jocktj`g pgr igs rcse`ugs aefcrgs y j fcutrjiezjr, kgfscrvjr g prcscrvjr igs rcijvcs g kgijs iáque`js g sûie`js y gtrgs prg`uktgs `c prgkcsjaecftg quc pgscjf cicacftgs rj`egjktevgs g êke`gs, kuapiecf`g ijs fgrajs jpiekjdics scmøf ij icmesijkeûf vemcftc y cf su `cocktg ijs quc kgfvcfmj kgf ij jutgre`j` aefcrj g ci grmjfesag quc pgr icy sc `csemfc. Igs prg`uktgs rcocre`gs jftcregracftc fg pg`rêf scr rcuteiezj`gs fe kgfkc`e`gs pjrj gtrg oef sef ij prcvej jutgrezjkeûf `ci grmjfesag rcocre`g y `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj. Ci efkuapieaecftg `c ig `espucstg cf ci pêrrjog prckc`cftc scrê sjfkegfj`g, scmøf igs kjsgs, kgf ij kijusurj tcapgrji g `coefetevj `ci cstjdickeaecftg, ij kj`uke`j` `c ij kgfkcseûf g jutgrezjkeûf gdtcfe`j y/g ij eapgsekeûf `c auitjs prgmrcsevjs quc pg`rêf jikjfzjr bjstj uf aêxeag `c KEFKG AEI (3.>>>) vckcs ci vjigr `ci kjfgf jfuji kgrrcspgf`ecftc j ufj pcrtcfcfkej gr`efjrej `c sustjfkejs `c ij preacrj kjtcmgráj, j`caês `c ij rcspgfsjdeie`j` eftcmrji pgr igs `júgs y pcrhuekegs quc pgr su efkuapieaecftg sc budecrcf gremefj`g y/g pgr igs kgstgs quc oucrj fckcsjreg jorgftjr pjrj prcvcfer g rcpjrjr tjics `júgs, kgfograc j ij rcmijacftjkeûf quc `ektc ci ^G@CT CHCKSPE_G FJKEGFJI, sef pcrhuekeg `c ijs sjfkegfcs quc pu`ecrcf cstjdickcr ijs fgrajs `c prgtckkeûf `ci ac`eg jadecftc jpiekjdics y ijs `espgsekegfcs pcfjics. Jrt. 4>2. ‛ Igs tetuijrcs `c aefjs quc kgftcfmjf aefcrjics fukicjrcs `cdcrêf

suaefestrjr kgf kjrêktcr `c `ckijrjkeûf hurj`j, j rcqucreaecftg `ci grmjfesag j quc sc rcoecrc ci Jrtákuig 4>3 y `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, ij efograjkeûf rcijtevj j rcscrvjs y prg`ukkeûf `c tjics aefcrjics y sus kgfkcftrj`gs, djhg sjfkeûf `c ufj auitj `c bjstj ZSEFECFPJ[ (3>>) vckcs ci vjigr `ci kjfgf quc kgrrcspgf`j j ij pcrtcfcfkej ef`ekj`j cf ci jrtákuig jftcregr. Jrt. 4>5. ‛ Ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji j trjvås `ci grmjfesag j quc sc rcoecrc ci Jrtákuig

4>3, tcf`rê ij preacrj gpkeûf pjrj j`querer cf ijs kgf`ekegfcs `c prckeg y ag`jie`j`cs bjdetujics cf ci acrkj`g, igs aefcrjics fukicjrcs, igs kgfkcftrj`gs y sus `crevj`gs, prg`uke`gs cf ci pjás, kgfograc j ij rcmijacftjkeûf quc `ektc ci ^G@CT CHCKSPE_G FJKEGFJI Ijs eforjkkegfcs j sus `espgsekegfcs scrêf sjfkegfj`js kgf auitjs mrj`uj`js pgr ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf cftrc uf aáfeag

 

`ci _CEFPC ^GT KECFPG (4>%) y uf aêxeag `ci KEFKSCFPJ ^GT KECFPG (3>%) `ci vjigr `ci ajtcreji kgacrkejiezj`g cf eforjkkeûf, scmøf kgrrcspgf`j ji prckeg kgfvcfe`g g ji prckeg `c vcftj `ci acrkj`g fjkegfji g eftcrfjkegfji, ci quc rcsuitc ajygr. Jrt. 4:>. ‛ Ij cxpgrtjkeûf `c aefcrjics fukicjrcs, kgfkcftrj`gs sus `crevj`gs

rcqucrerê ij prcvej jprgdjkeûf, rcspcktg j kj`j kgftrjtg quc sc kcicdrc `ci grmjfesag j quc sc rcoecrc ci Jrtákuig 4>3, `cdecf`g quc`jr mjrjftezj`g ci jdjstckeaecftg eftcrfg y ci kgftrgi sgdrc ci `cstefg oefji `ci aefcrji g ajtcreji j cxpgrtjr. Jrt. 4::. ‛ Ij KGAE[EGF FJKEGFJI @C CFCTMEJ JPGAEKJ pg`rê cocktujr

prgspckkeûf, cxpigrjkeûf y cxpigtjkeûf `c aefcrjics fukicjrcs, kgf jrrcmig j ijs fgrajs mcfcrjics `ci Kû`emg `c Aefcráj. @c j`gptjrsc uf fucvg cstjtutg pjrj `ekbg grmjfesag, tjics jkteve`j`cs sc suhctjrêf j ijs `espgsekegfcs quc, ji rcspcktg, kgftcfmj csc cstjtutg. Ij KGAE[EGF FJKEGFJI @C CFCTMEJ JPGAEKJ quc`j ojkuitj`j j `cke`er ij cxpigtjkeûf g pjsc j rcscrvj `c igs semuecftcs yjkeaecftgs fukicjrcs rcmestrj`gs j su fgadrc8 .@gktgr Djuiecs/, .Igs Tcyufgs/ (^rgvefkej `c Acf`gzj) y .Kcrrg [gig/ (^rgvefkej `ci Kbudut). Jrt. 4:4. ‛ @crûmjsc ci @ckrctg Icy F¾ 44.0==/3?, rjteoekj`g pgr Icy F¾ :0.0?=y

ag`eoekj`g pgr ci @ckrctg Icy F¾ :.?0=/?; y pgr ij Icy F¾ 44.40?,jsá kgag su @ckrctg Tcmijacftjreg F¾ 3.04; `ci 4; `c ajyg `c :53=, ag`eoekj`g pgr ci @ckrctg F¾ 4.24; `ci 4: `c jdrei `c :5?0, y ci @ckrctg F¾ 4.=?3 `ci ;: `c `ekecadrc `c :52>. Kgftefujrêf secf`g `c jpiekjkeûf, cf ig quc rcspcktj j ijs prcvesegfcs `ci Jrtákuig 4>5, ijs pcrtefcftcs `espgsekegfcs `ci @ckrctg F¾ :.>5=`ci :0 `c hufeg `c :523, ag`eoekj`g pgr ci @ckrctg F¾ 4.?5= `ci 4> `c `ekecadrc `c :55:,`c `ci:55;. @ckrctg F¾ ?>; `ci 5 `c jdrei `c :554 y `ci @ckrctg F¾ :.45: `ci 40 `c  hufeg PEPSIG REE @c ijs kgf`ekegfcs `c ij kgfkcseûf [CKKEGF ^TEACTJ @ci japjrg `c ijs aefjs Jrt. 4:;. ‛ Ijs aefjs sgf kgfkc`e`js j igs pjrtekuijrcs ac`ejftc uf kjfgf jfuji

pgr pcrtcfcfkej quc scrê oehj`g pcreû`ekjacftc pgr Icy Fjkegfji y quc ci kgfkcsegfjreg jdgfjrê ji Mgdecrfg `c ij Fjkeûf g `c ijs ^rgvefkejs, scmøf ij

 

 hures`ekkeûf cf quc ijs aefjs sc bjiijrcf setuj`js y scmøf ijs ac`e`js cstjdicke`js pgr cstc Kû`emg. Jrt. 4:0. ‛ @urjftc igs KEFKG (3) preacrgs júgs `c ij kgfkcseûf, kgftj`gs j

pjrter `ci rcmestrg, fg sc eapgf`rê sgdrc ij prgpec`j` `c ijs aefjs gtrj kgftredukeûf quc ij cstjdicke`j cf ci jrtákuig prckc`cftc fe sgdrc sus prg`uktgs, cstjdickeaecftgs `c dcfcoekeg, ajquefjrej, tjiicrcs y vcbákuigs `cstefj`gs ji ijdgrcg g cxpigtjkeûf. Ij cxcfkeûf oeskji kgfsjmrj`j pgr cstc jrtákuig jikjfzj j tg`g mrjvjacf g eapucstg, kujiquecrj oucrc su `cfgaefjkeûf y yj scj fjkegfji, prgvefkeji g aufekepji, prcscftc g outurg, jpiekjdic j ij cxpigtjkeûf y j ij kgacrkejiezjkeûf `c ij prg`ukkeûf aefcrj. Zuc`jf cxkiue`gs `c cstj cxcfkeûf ijs tjsjs pgr rctredukeûf `c scrvekegs y ci sciij`g `c jktujkeûf, ci kuji, cf tg`g kjsg, scrê ci kgaøf quc rehj cf ci gr`cf j`aefestrjtevg g hu`ekeji. Jrt. 4:3. ‛ Ci kjfgf quc`j oehj`g cf ij semuecftc ograj y cskjij8

:. ^jrj ijs sustjfkejs `c ij preacrj kjtcmgráj cfufkej`js cf ci jrtákuig ;¾ y ijs prg`ukkegfcs `c rágs y pijkcrcs `ci jrtákuig 0¾, efkesg j), secaprc quc sc cxpigtcf cf cstjdickeaecftgs oehgs kgfograc ci jrtákuig :2? `c cstc Kû`emg, trcskecftgs vceftc pcsgs ($ ;4>) pgr pcrtcfcfkej g ufe`j` `c ac`e`j, `c kujiquecrj `c ijs ograjs kgfsemfj`js cf igs jrtákuigs =0 j 2>. 4. ^jrj ijs sustjfkejs `c ij scmuf`j kjtcmgráj cfuacrj`js cf ci jrtákuig 0¾, kgf cxkcpkeûf `c ijs `ci efkesg d), kecftg scscftj pcsgs ($ :?>) pgr pcrtcfcfkej, `c jkucr`g kgf ijs ac`e`js `ci tátuig 5, sckkeûf :, jkêpetc 4. Cxkcptøjfsc tjadeåf `c cstj `espgsekeûf ijs jftcregr sustjfkejs jrtákuig 0¾, `c efkesg j), cf kujftg cståf efkiue`js cf ci føacrg y cf`ci kujftg scjf jprgvckbjaecftg kgaøf. ;. Ijs kgfkcsegfcs prgvesgrejs pjrj ij cxpigrjkeûf g kjtcg `c ijs sustjfkejs `c ij preacrj y scmuf`j kjtcmgráj, scj kujiquecrj ci tecapg quc `urc, scmøf ijs `espgsekegfcs `c cstc Kû`emg, pjmjrêf aei sceskecftgs pcsgs ($:.?>>) pgr ufe`j` `c ac`e`j g orjkkeûf, `c jkucr`g kgf ijs `eacfsegfcs oehj`js cf ci jrtákuig 45. 0. Ijs aefjs kuyg `gaefeg kgrrcspgf`j ji `ucúg `ci sucig, ufj vcz trjfsocre`js j uf tcrkcrg g rcmestrj`js pgr ci prgpectjreg, pjmjrêf cf ij aesaj ograj y cskjij `c igs jrtákuigs jftcregrcs, scmøf su kjtcmgráj. (Jrtákuig sustetue`g pgr jrt. 4¾ `c ij Icy F¾ 4=.::: D.G. 4=.::: D.G. 4?/:/4>:3)

 

Jrt. 4:?. ‛ Ci kjfgf sc pjmjrê j`cijftj`g y pgr pjrtcs emujics cf @G[ (4)

scacstrcs, quc vcfkcrêf ci PTCEFPJ (;>) `c hufeg y ci PTCEFPJ U SFG (;:) `c `ekecadrc `c kj`j júg, kgftêf`gsc tg`j orjkkeûf `c scacstrc kgag scacstrc kgapictg. Ci kjfgf kgacfzjrê j `cvcfmjrsc `cs`c ci `áj `ci rcmestrg sjivg ig `espucstg cf ci Jrtákuig 440, cstå g fg acfsurj`j ij aefj. Ij kgfkcseûf `c ij aefj kj`ukj epsg ojktg pgr ij ojitj `c pjmg `c ufj jfujie`j` `cspuås `c trjfskurre`gs @G[ (4) acscs `cs`c ci vcfkeaecftg. Jrt. 4:=. ‛ @cftrg `ci pijzg `c SF (:) júg kgftj`g j pjrter `c ij ockbj `c ij

pctekeûf `c acfsurj quc prcskredc ci Jrtákuig 2:, y cstå g fg acfsurj`j ij aefj, ci kgfkcsegfjreg `cdcrê prcscftjr j ij jutgre`j` aefcrj ufj csteajkeûf `ci pijf y agftg `c ijs efvcrsegfcs `c kjpetji oehg quc sc prgpgfmj cocktujr cf kj`j ufg `c igs semuecftcs rudrgs8 j) Chckukeûf `c gdrjs `c ijdgrcg aefcrg. d) Kgfstrukkeûf `c kjapjacftgs, c`eoekegs, kjaefgs y gdrjs juxeiejrcs `c ij cxpigrjkeûf. k) J`quesekeûf `c ajquefjrejs, usefjs, cicacftgs y cquepgs `c cxpigtjkeûf y dcfcoekeg `ci aefcrji, kgf ef`ekjkeûf `c su kjpjke`j` `c prg`ukkeûf g `c trjtjaecftg, quc sc efkgrpgrcf ji scrvekeg pcrajfcftc `c ij aefj. Ijs efvcrsegfcs csteaj`js `cdcrêf cocktujrsc áftcmrjacftc cf ci pijzg `c KEFKG (3) júgs kgftj`gs j pjrter `c ij prcscftjkeûf rcocre`j cf ci pêrrjog jftcregr, pu`ecf`g ci kgfkcsegfjreg, cf kujiquecr agacftg, eftrg`ukerics ag`eoekjkegfcs quc fg rc`uzkjf ij efvcrseûf migdji prcvestj, `jf`g kucftj `c ciig prcvejacftc j ij(;>>) jutgre`j` Ijjfuji efvcrseûf fg pg`rêjscr efocregr PTC[KECFPJ[ vckcsaefcrj. ci kjfgf quc aefcrj ic kgrrcspgf`j ij aefj `c j jkucr`g j su kjtcmgráj y kgf ci føacrg `c pcrtcfcfkejs. [ef pcrhuekeg `c ciig, cf kj`j ufg `c igs @G[ (4) preacrgs júgs `ci pijzg oehj`g, ci agftg `c ij efvcrseûf fg pg`rê scr efocregr ji _CEFPC ^GT KECFPG (4>%) `ci tgtji csteaj`g cf ij gpgrtufe`j` ef`ekj`j ji prefkepeg `c cstc jrtákuig. Ci kgfkcsegfjreg `cdcrê prcscftjr j ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, `cftrg `ci pijzg `c PTC[ (;) acscs `ci vcfkeaecftg `c kj`j ufg `c igs KEFKG (3) pcrág`gs jfujics rcsuitjftcs `ci pêrrjog scmuf`g `c cstc jrtákuig, ufj `ckijrjkeûf hurj`j sgdrc ci cstj`g `c kuapieaecftg `c ijs efvcrsegfcs csteaj`js.

 

Ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, jftcs `c prgkc`cr j ij jprgdjkeûf `c ijs efvcrsegfcs cocktuj`js, pg`rê `espgfcr quc sc prjktequcf ijs vcreoekjkegfcs tåkfekjs y kgftjdics quc csteajrc fckcsjrejs. Ci j`quercftc `c aefjs jdjf`gfj`js, vjkjftcs g kj`ukjs, tcf`rê ci pijzg `c SF (:) júg pjrj kuapier g kgapictjr, cf su kjsg, ijs gdiemjkegfcs eapucstjs pgr cstc jrtákuig. Jrt. 4:2. ‛ Ij kgfkcseûf `c ij aefj kj`ukjrê8

j) Kujf`g ijs efvcrsegfcs csteaj`js j quc sc rcoecrc ci Jrtákuig prckc`cftc, fg tuvecrcf ci `cstefg prcvestg cf `ekbj fgraj. d) Kujf`g `ekbjs efvcrsegfcs oucrcf efocregrcs j ufj suaj emuji j ZSEFECFPJ[ (3>>) vckcs ci kjfgf jfuji quc ic kgrrcspgf`j j ij aefj `c jkucr`g kgf su kjtcmgráj y kgf ci føacrg `c pcrtcfcfkejs. k) ^gr ojitj `c prcscftjkeûf `c ij csteajkeûf rcocre`j cf ci Jrtákuig prckc`cftc. `) ^gr ojitj `c prcscftjkeûf `c ijs `ckijrjkegfcs hurj`js cxeme`js pgr ci aesag jrtákuig. c) ^gr ojisc`j` cf tjics `ckijrjkegfcs. o) Kujf`g fg sc budecrcf cocktuj`g ijs efvcrsegfcs prgycktj`js. m) Kujf`g ci kgfkcsegfjreg budecrc eftrg`uke`g ag`eoekjkegfcs j ijs efvcrsegfcs csteaj`js sef jvesg prcveg, rc`ukecf`g ci agftg `c ijs aesajs. b) Kujf`g budecrc `csjocktj`g decfcs kgaprcf`e`gs cf ijs efvcrsegfcs yj prjktekj`js, rc`ukecf`g ci agftg `c ijs csteaj`js. Cf igs kjsgs `c igs efkesgs j), d), k) y `), ij kj`uke`j` sc `ckijrjrê se ci kgfkcsegfjreg fg sjivj ci crrgr g ij gaeseûf `cftrg `c igs PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs `c ij efteajkeûf prcvej quc `cdc prjktekjric ij jutgre`j` aefcrj. Cf igs kjsgs `c igs efkesgs c), o), m) y b), sc `jrê prcvej vestj `c ig jktuj`g ji kgfkcsegfjreg pgr ZSEFKC (:3) `ájs pjrj su `cocfsj. Igs rckursgs kgftrj ijs `ckijrjkegfcs `c kj`uke`j` sc kgfkc`crêf kgf cocktg suspcfsevg. Cf fefmøf kjsg `c kj`uke`j`, ci kgfkcsegfjreg pg`rê rckijajr ef`cafezjkeûf jimufj pgr ijs gdrjs quc budecrc chckutj`g cf ij aefj, pcrg tcf`rê `crckbg j rcterjr kgf eftcrvcfkeûf `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, igs cquepgs, aêquefjs, bcrrjaecftjs y `caês decfcs `cstefj`gs j ij cxpigtjkeûf y ji trjtjaecftg y

 

dcfcoekeg `c igs prg`uktgs, quc pu`ecrcf scpjrjrsc sef pcrhu`ekjr j ij aefj, jsá kgag tjadeåf ci aefcrji yj cxtrjá`g quc sc cfkgftrjrc cf `cpûsetg. Fg pg`rê usjrsc `c cstc `crckbg se cxestecrcf jkrcc`grcs bepgtckjregs g preveicmej`gs. Jrt. 4:5. ‛ Cf kujiquecr kjsg `c kj`uke`j` ij aefj vgivcrê ji `gaefeg gremefjreg

`ci Cstj`g y scrê efskretj kgag vjkjftc, cf kgf`ekegfcs `c scr j`quere`j kgag tji `c jkucr`g kgf ijs prcskrepkegfcs `c cstc Kû`emg. Kujf`g ij kj`uke`j` oucrj `espucstj pgr ojitj `c pjmg `ci kjfgf aefcrg, scrê fgteoekj`j ji kgfkcsegfjreg cf ci øiteag `gaekeieg kgfstetue`g cf ci cxpc`ecftc `c kgfkcseûf. Ci kgfkcsegfjreg tcf`rê uf pijzg eaprgrrgmjdic `c KSJTCFPJ U KEFKG (03) `ájs pjrj rcskjtjr ij aefj, jdgfjf`g ci kjfgf j`cu`j`g aês uf rckjrmg `ci _CEFPC ^GT KECFPG (4>%) gpcrêf`gsc jutgaêtekjacftc ij vjkjfkej se ij `cu`j fg oucrj jdgfj`j cf tåraefg. [e cxestecrjf jkrcc`grcs bepgtckjregs g preveicmej`gs rcmestrj`gs g tetuijrcs `c `crckbgs rcjics g pcrsgfjics rcijtevgs j ij aefj, tjadeåf rcmestrj`gs, åstgs pg`rêf sgieketjr ij kgfkcseûf `c ij aefj `cftrg `c igs KSJTCFPJ U KEFKG (03) `ájs `c fgteoekj`gs cf ci rcspcktevg `gaekeieg kgfstetue`g, `c ij `ckijrjkeûf `c kj`uke`j`, jdgfjf`g ci kjfgf j`cu`j`g bjstj ci agacftg `c bjdcrsc gpcrj`g ij kj`uke`j`. Igs jkrcc`grcs bepgtckjregs g preveicmej`gs tcf`rêf pregre`j` pjrj ij kgfkcseûf rcspcktg j igs `caês tetuijrcs `c `crckbgs rcmestrj`gs. Kujf`g ij kj`uke`j` oucrj `espucstj pgr ojitj `c pjmg `ci kjfgf ij kgfkcseûf quc`jrê supc`etj`j j quc ci kgfkcsegfjreg fg bjyj chcrke`g cf tåraefg ci `crckbg `c rcskjtc. Efskreptj y pudiekj`j ij aefj kgag vjkjftc, ci sgieketjftc `cdcrê jdgfjr ci kjfgf j`cu`j`g bjstj ci agacftg `c bjdcrsc gpcrj`g ij kj`uke`j`, efmrcsjf`g kgf ij sgieketu` ci eapgrtc kgrrcspgf`ecftc. Kjsg kgftrjreg ij sgieketu` scrê rckbjzj`j y jrkbevj`j sef `jr iumjr j rckursg jimufg. Fg pg`rê sgieketjr ij aefj ci jftcregr kgfkcsegfjreg, sefg `cspuås `c trjfskurre`g SF (:) júg `c efskreptj ij vjkjfkej. Jrt. 44>. ‛ Ij jutgre`j` aefcrj kgfse`crjrê jutgaêtekjacftc jfuij`gs igs

jktujics rcmestrgs `c aefjs vjkjftcs y igs quc `espgfmj cf ci outurg, kujiquecrj scj su kjusj y tcfmjf g fg acfsurj jprgdj`j, kujf`g bjyjf trjfskurre`g PTC[ (;) júgs `c su capj`rgfjaecftg kgag tjics. Igs tcrrcfgs cf quc sc cfkucftrjf udekj`js cstjs aefjs quc`jrêf orjfkgs c efkgrpgrj`gs `c picfg `crckbg y sef kjrmg jimufg j igs pcraesgs `c cxpigrjkeûf y êrcjs `c prgtckkeûf g suhctjs j kgftrjtjkegfcs quc cvcftujiacftc cstuvecrcf vemcftcs. Ci aesag prgkc`eaecftg sc

 

jpiekjrê j ijs aefjs capj`rgfj`js kgag kj`ukjs, cf ci kjsg cf quc fg bjyjf rcmuijrezj`g su setujkeûf icmji `cftrg `c igs FG_CFPJ (5>) `ájs `c pudiekj`j ij prcscftc icy, sjivg ci kjsg `c kj`uke`j` kgftcapij`g cf ci scmuf`g pêrrjog `ci  Jrtákuig 4:5. Jrt. 44:. ‛ Igs kgfkcsegfjregs `c sgkjvgfcs mcfcrjics, cf ci kjsg `ci jrtákuig

:42 y igs `c igs jrtákuigs :40, :45 y :;3, pjmjrêf uf kjfgf jfuji `c kecftg scscftj pcsgs ($:?>), j`caês `ci quc ic kgrrcspgf`j, pgr kj`j pcrtcfcfkej `c aefj fucvj g jdjf`gfj`j quc j`querecscf cf kgfograe`j` kgf ijs `espgsekegfcs `c igs jrtákuigs :;; y :;0< y cf ci kjsg `ci jrtákuig :;3, jdgfjrêf tjadeåf uf kjfgf j rjzûf `c gkbgkecftgs pcsgs ($ 2>>) pgr kj`j kecf (:>>) actrgs `c ij supcroekec quc `ckijrjscf kgag zgfj `c cxpigrjkeûf j kj`j ij`g `c ij gdrj. Cf kujftg j ij gdiemjkeûf `c efvcrter kjpetji igs sgkjvgfcs quc`jf sgacte`gs j ig `espucstg pgr ci prcscftc Kû`emg pjrj ijs pcrtcfcfkejs kgaufcs. (Jrtákuig sustetue`g pgr jrt. ;¾ `c ij Icy F¾ 4=.::: D.G. 4=.::: D.G. 4?/:/4>:3) Jr Jrt. t. 444 4 44.. ‛ Pg`g kgfkcsegfjreg g aefcrg puc`c bjkcr jdjf`gfg `c su kgfkcseûf

g su aefj, `c jkucr`g kgf ci Jrtákuig 44? `ci Kû`emg y sûig `cs`c ij ockbj `c su ajfeocstjkeûf j ij jutgre`j` kgapctcftc quc`j iedrc `ci pjmg `ci eapucstg. Ij jutgre`j` aefcrj `c ij rcspcktevj hures`ekkeûf `cdcrê pudiekjr kj`j scacstrc g j aês tjr`jr kj`j júg, uf pj`rûf cf ci quc sc jfgtjrêf tg`js ijs aefjs pgr `estretgs, sckkegfcs g `cpjrtjacftgs, y ci cstj`g cf quc sc bjiijscf ijs kgfkcsegfcs. @cftrg `ci tåraefg `c ijs pudiekjkegfcs cf kjsg `c jdjf`gfg g bjstj PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs `cspuås, pg`rêf pc`er igs jkrcc`grcs bepgtckjregs g preveicmej`gs quc sc pgfmj cf vcftj pødiekj ij aefj pjrj pjmjrsc kgf su prg`uke`g, `cspuås `c jdgfj`g ci kjfgf y igs mjstgs< fg bjkeåf`gsc usg `c cstc `crckbg, quc`jf cxtefmue`gs igs mrjvêacfcs. Jrt. 44;. ‛ Ijs `espgsekegfcs `c igs jrtákuigs jftcregrcs rcijtevjs ji pjmg `c ij

pjtcftc g ji kjfgf aefcrg, sc jpiekjrêf cf ij aesaj ograj, juf cf igs kjsgs quc pgr japiejkeûf g jkrckcftjaecftg, g ograjkeûf `c mrupgs aefcrgs, g kgapjúájs `c aefjs, kgfograc j igs Jrtákuigs 2=, :>5, ::;, ::?, y :0> juacftjsc ci føacrg `c ufe`j`cs `c ac`e`js `c kj`j kgfkcseûf. Ijs `cajsájs, scj kujiquecrj su cxtcfseûf, scrêf kgfse`crj`js j igs cocktgs `ci pjmg `c ij pjtcftc kgag ufj pcrtcfcfkej kgapictj cf tg`gs igs kjsgs y vjrejftcs cstjdicke`gs cf ci Jkêpetc EEE, `ci ` ci Pátuig _EE.

 

Kujf`g ci kgfkcsegfjreg g `ucúg `c ij `cajsáj fg oucrj uf kgief`jftc, j`caês `ci pjmg `ci kjfgf tcf`rê ij gdiemjkeûf `c efvcrter kjpetji kgag ig `espgfc ij prcscftc icy. Jrt. 440. ‛ Pg`g `cskudre`gr `c aefcrji scrê cxeae`g pgr PTC[ (;) júgs `ci pjmg

`c kjfgf quc kgrrcspgf`j j ijs pcrtcfcfkejs quc sc ic j`hu`ekjrcf. Jrt. 443. ‛ Kujf`g ij aefj budecrj cstj`g efjktevj pgr aês `c KSJPTG (0) júgs,

ij jutgre`j` aefcrj pg`rê cxemer ij prcscftjkeûf `c uf prgycktg `c jktevjkeûf g rcjktevjkeûf, kgf jhustc j ij kjpjke`j` prg`uktevj `c ij kgfkcseûf, j ijs kjrjktcrástekjs `c ij zgfj, ac`egs `c trjfspgrtc `espgfedics, `cajf`j `c igs prg`uktgs y cxestcfkej `c cquepgs `c ijdgrcg. [c kgfse`crj quc ij aefj bj cstj`g efjktevj kujf`g fg sc bjf cocktuj`g cf ciij trjdjhgs rcmuijrcs `c cxpigrjkeûf, prcpjrjkeûf g prg`ukkeûf, `urjftc ci pijzg scújij`g cf ci pêrrjog prckc`cftc. Ij efteajkeûf `cdcrê scr kuapie`j cf ci pijzg `c [CE[ (?) acscs, djhg pcfj `c kj`uke`j` `c ij kgfkcseûf. ^rcscftj`g ci prgycktg, ci kgfkcsegfjreg `cdcrê kuapieacftjr kj`j ufj `c sus ctjpjs `cftrg `c igs pijzgs pjrj ciijs prcvestgs, quc fg pg`rêf cxkc`cr cf su kgfhuftg, `c KEFKG (3) júgs, djhg pcfj `c kj`uke`j` `c ij kgfkcseûf, j jpiekjrsc cf ci preacr efkuapieaecftg. [CKKEGF [CMSF@J @ci jdjf`gfg Jrt. 44?. ‛ Cs `cfufkejdic ufj kgfkcseûf jufquc bjyj pjsj`g j tcrkcrgs, pgr

jdjf`gfg, kujf`g igs `ucúgs pgr uf jktg `ercktg y cspgftêfcg, ajfeoecstjf j ij jutgre`j` ij rcsgiukeûf `c fg kgftefujr igs trjdjhgs. Ci `ucúg `c ufj aefj quc quecrj jdjf`gfjrij, ig `ckijrjrê pgr cskretg jftc ij jutgre`j` aefcrj kgf _CEFPC (4>) `ájs `c jftekepjkeûf. Cstc cskretg kgaprcf`crê ci fgadrc `c ij aefj, ci `ci aefcrji cf quc sc cfkucftrj, ij kijsc `c sustjfkej quc sc cxpigtj y ci cstj`g `c sus ijdgrcs. Ci cskretg kgf su prgvcá`g sc jscftjrê cf ci iedrg kgrrcspgf`ecftc j igs rcmestrgs, y sc pudiekjrê. [udsestcf igs `crckbgs y gdiemjkegfcs `ci `ucúg `c ufj aefj, aecftrjs ij jutgre`j` kgapctcftc fg j`aetj ci jdjf`gfg.

 

Jrt. 44=. ‛ [e ij aefj cstuvecsc bepgtckj`j sc fgteoekjrêf prcvejacftc igs

jkrcc`grcs, j quecfcs sc j`hu`ekjrê se jsá ig sgieketjrcf `cftrg `c igs PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs semuecftcs ji `c ij fgteoekjkeûf. [e pgr kujiquecr agtevg ij fgteoekjkeûf fg sc pu`ecrc vcreoekjr cf igs ZSEFKC (:3) `ájs semuecftcs ji prgvcá`g `c ij jutgre`j`, scrverê `c ketjkeûf ij pudiekjkeûf. Kgfkurrecf`g aês `c uf jkrcc`gr bepgtckjreg, scrê prcocre`g ci aês jftemug. Jrt. 442. ‛ Ij pudiekjkeûf sc bjrê oehjf`g cf ijs pucrtjs `c ij goekefj `ci

cskredjfg, `urjftc ZSEFKC (:3) `ájs, uf kjrtci quc kgftcfmj ci cskretg prcscftj`g y su prgvcá`g. Ci kjrtci sc efscrtjrê PTC[ (;) vckcs `cftrg `ci aesag pijzg cf ci pcreû`ekg goekeji, y cf su `cocktg cf ci quc `ctcraefc ij jutgre`j`. Jrt. 445. ‛ ^rcscftj`g ci cskretg, sc tcf`rê pgr j`aete`g ci jdjf`gfg, y sc

gr`cfjrê ji aesag tecapg quc ci efmcfecrg goekeji prjktequc ci rckgfgkeaecftg `c ij aefj c efograc sgdrc su cstj`g y sgdrc igs trjdjhgs quc budecrc fckcse`j` g kgfvcfecfkej `c chckutjr. Ci efograc, quc sc cvjkujrê cf ci aês kgrtg tecapg pgsedic, sc `cpgsetjrê cf ij goekefj pjrj kgfgkeaecftg `c igs eftcrcsj`gs. Ci `ucúg `c ij aefj fg cs rcspgfsjdic pgr igs mjstgs `c cstj `eiemcfkej fe `c fefmufj `c ijs `caês kgfkcrfecftcs ji jdjf`gfg. Jrt. 4;>. ‛ Fg `êf`gsc ci jvesg `c jdjf`gfg, sc pcr`crê ci `crckbg `c rcterjr ijs

aêquefjs, øteics, y `caês gdhctgs `cstefj`gs j ij cxpigtjkeûf quc puc`jf scpjrjrsc sef pcrhuekeg pjrj ij aefj. Jrt. 4;:. ‛ J`aete`g ci jdjf`gfg, kujiquecr pcrsgfj pg`rê sgieketjr y rcmestrjr ij aefj sef gtrg rcquesetg quc ij kgfstjfkej `ci bckbg.

Cf ij sgieketu` sc cxprcsjrê ci fgadrc `ci `ucúg, ci `c ij aefj, ci `ci aefcrji cf quc sc cfkucftrj y ij kijsc `c sustjfkej quc sc bj cxpigtj`g. Jrt. 4;4. ‛ Ci `ucúg `c ij aefj puc`c kgfscrvjr sus `crckbgs, rcterjf`g ij

`ckijrjkeûf `c jdjf`gfg pgr ac`eg `c uf cskretg prcscftj`g `cftrg `ci tåraefg `c ijs pudiekjkegfcs. ^uc`c rcmestrjr fucvjacftc ij aefj [C[CFPJ (?>) `ájs `cspuås `c vcfke`g ci tåraefg `c ijs pudiekjkegfcs.

 

Cf ufg y gtrg kjsg sc supgfc quc ij aefj fg bj se`g jftcs kgfkc`e`j, g sgieketj`j. PEPSIG REEE Kgf`ekegfcs `c ij cxpigtjkeûf [CKKEGF E Kgf`ekegfcs tåkfekjs `c ij cxpigtjkeûf Jrt. 4;;. ‛ Igs aefcrgs puc`cf cxpigtjr sus pcrtcfcfkejs iedrcacftc, sef suhckeûf

j gtrjs rcmijs quc ijs `c su scmure`j`, pgiekáj y kgfscrvjkeûf `ci jadecftc. Ij prgtckkeûf `ci jadecftc y ij kgfscrvjkeûf `ci pjtreagfeg fjturji y kuiturji cf ci êadetg `c ij jkteve`j` aefcrj quc`jrêf suhctjs j ijs `espgsekegfcs `c ij [ckkeûf [cmuf`j `c cstc Pátuig y j ijs quc gpgrtufjacftc sc cstjdiczkjf cf vertu` `ci  Jrtákuig 0: `c ij Kgfstetukeûf Fjkegfji. Jrt. 4;0. ‛ Ijs ijdgrcs `c ijs aefjs sc ajftcf`rêf cf kgapictg cstj`g `c scmure`j`< kujf`g pgr ij pgkj kgfsestcfkej `ci tcrrcfg g pgr kujiquecr gtrj kjusj, bjyj recsmg `c uf `cspigac g `c uf `crruadjaecftg, igs `ucúgs `cdcf ogrteoekjrijs kgfvcfecftcacftc `jf`g gpgrtufg jvesg j ij jutgre`j`. Jrt. 4;3. ‛ Fg pg`rêf quetjrsc fe rcdjhjrsc igs peijrcs, pucftcs g ajkezgs, sef ci

pcraesg `c ij jutgre`j`, quc ig gtgrmjrê prcveg ci rckgfgkeaecftg c efograc `ci efmcfecrg `c aefjs. [e ci efograc oucrc kgftrjreg g igs ac`egs prgpucstgs fg kgfvefecrcf ji prgpectjreg, ij jutgre`j` rcsgivcrê j`aetecf`g ijs prucdjs icmjics quc sc prcscftjrcf y fgadrjf`g fucvg pcretg, se oucsc fckcsjreg. Jrt. 4;?. ‛ Cf ijs aefjs `cdcf kgfscrvjrsc ieapejs, vcfteij`js y `csjtcrrj`js

tg`js ijs ijdgrcs fckcsjrejs g øteics pjrj ij cxpigtjkeûf. Jrt. 4;=. ‛ Ijs cskjicrjs, jpjrjtgs y ijdgrcs `cstefj`js ji trêfsetg g `cskcfsg `c

igs gpcrjregs y `caês pcrsgfjs capicj`js cf ij aefj, `cdcf scr kûag`js y scmurjs. [c suspcf`crêf igs trjdjhgs kujf`g igs ac`egs `c kgaufekjkeûf y trêfsetg fg gorczkjf ij scmure`j` suoekecftc, y aecftrjs sc rcpjrjf g kgfstruycf. ^crg igs trjdjhgs kgftefujrêf cf ijs ijdgrcs cxpc`etjs.

 

Jrt. 4;2. ‛ ^jrj ij kgaufekjkeûf g `csjmùc `c ijs ijdgrcs supcregrcs pgr ac`eg

`c trjdjhgs `c fevci efocregr, cs fckcsjreg ci pcraesg `c ij jutgre`j`, quc ig gtgrmjrê prcveg efograc `c uf efmcfecrg. Igs eftcrcsj`gs pg`rêf rckijajr jftc ij aesaj jutgre`j` se cfkucftrjf efkgfvcfecftcs ijs ac`e`js `c prckjukeûf quc sc ics eapgfmjf. Jrt. 4;5. ‛ (Jrtákuig `crgmj`g pgr jrt. :¾ `c ij Icy F¾ 4?.5>5 D.G. 4?.5>5 D.G. 3/:4/4>:;) Jrt. 40>. ‛ Cf kjsg `c sgdrcvcfer jimøf jkke`cftc quc gkjsegfc aucrtcs, bcre`js

g icsegfcs u gtrgs `júgs, igs `ucúgs, `ercktgrcs g cfkjrmj`gs `c ijs aefjs `jrêf jvesg ji hucz `ci aefcrji g ji aês efac`ejtg, quecf ig trjfsaeterê sef `eijkeûf j ij jutgre`j` aefcrj. @cs`c ci agacftg cf quc ci hucz j`quecrj kgfgkeaecftg `ci sukcsg, j`gptjrê ijs ac`e`js fckcsjrejs pjrj bjkcr `csjpjrckcr tg`g pciemrg< vjieåf`gsc ji cocktg `ci efmcfecrg g pcretg quc cxestj cf ci jsecftg aefcrg. [ef pcrhuekeg `c csjs ac`e`js, prgkc`crê j icvjftjr efograjkeûf suajrej `c igs bckbgs y `c sus kjusjs. Jrt. 40:. ‛ Ci aesag jvesg `cdc `jrsc secaprc quc bjyj agtevg pjrj tcacr

kujiquecr jkke`cftc mrjvc. Ci jvesg sc `eremerê j ij jutgre`j` aefcrj sef pcrhuekeg `c kgaufekjrig gpgrtufjacftc ji hucz `ci aefcrji. Jrt. 404. ‛ Ij jutgre`j`, jkgapjúj`j `ci efmcfecrg g pcretg goekeji y `ci cskredjfg,

y j ojitj `c åstc `c @G[ (4) tcstemgs, vesetjrê ufj vcz kj`j júg pgr ig acfgs igs aefcrjics suhctgs j su hures`ekkeûf. [e cf ijs vesetjs cfkgftrjsc quc sc bj ojitj`g j jimufj `c ijs `espgsekegfcs `c cstj [ckkeûf g `c ijs `caês rcocrcftcs j ij scmure`j`, gr`cf y pgiekáj, `ektjrê y ajf`jrê chckutjr ijs ac`e`js kgfvcfecftcs. [e `c ij efspckkeûf rcsuitjrc quc ij ve`j `c ijs pcrsgfjs g ij kgfscrvjkeûf `c ijs aefjs kgrrcf pciemrg, ajf`jrê suspcf`cr igs trjdjhgs. Jrt. 40;. ‛ Ijs eforjkkegfcs j ig `espucstg cf igs jrtákuigs jftcregrcs scrêf

pcfj`js8 j) Ijs `c igs Jrtákuigs 4;0 y 40>, kgf ufj auitj kuyg agftg scrê ZSEFKC (:3) j GKBCFPJ (2>) vckcs ci kjfgf jfuji quc `cvcfmjrc ij aefj.

 

d) Ijs `ci Jrtákuig 4;3, kgf ufj auitj kuyg agftg scrê PTCEFPJ (;>) vckcs ci kjfgf jfuji quc `cvcfmjrc ij aefj, quc pg`rê cxtcf`crsc bjstj PTC[KECFPJ[ (;>>) vckcs scmøf ci vjigr `c igs aefcrjics cxtrjá`gs y sef pcrhuekeg `c ij rcspgfsjdeie`j` pcrsgfji `ci eforjktgr. k) Ijs `c igs Jrtákuigs 4;?, 4;= y 4;2, kgf ufj auitj kuyg agftg scrê GKBG (2) j KEFKSCFPJ (3>) vckcs ci kjfgf quc `cvcfmjrc ij aefj. `) Ijs `ci Jrtákuig 4;5 kgf ufj auitj kuyg agftg scrê `c PTC[ (;) j ZSEFKC (:3) vckcs ci kjfgf quc `cvcfmjrc ij aefj. c) Ijs eforjkkegfcs j igs rcmijacftgs `c pgiekáj aefcrj y `c prcscrvjkeûf `ci jadecftc, scrêf pcfj`js kgf ufj auitj kuyg agftg scrê PTC[ (;) j ZSEFKC (:3) vckcs ci kjfgf quc `cvcfmjrc ij aefj, se fg tuvecrcf gtrjs sjfkegfcs prcvestjs cf tjics rcmijacftgs. Jrt. 400. ‛ [ecaprc quc ci hucz `ci aefcrji g ci Efmcfecrg goekeji tcfmjf `c

kujiquecr ajfcrj kgfgkeaecftg `c jimøf jkke`cftc g `c jimufj kgftrjvcfkeûf j ijs prckc`cftcs `espgsekegfcs, kgfkurrerêf j ij aefj, vcreoekjrêf igs bckbgs, cxtcf`crêf ij kgrrcspgf`ecftc kgfstjfkej kgf jsestcfkej `c cskredjfg y j ojitj `c åstc, `c @G[ (4) tcstemgs. [e sc trjtjsc `c uf sefecstrg, sc j`gptjrêf ijs ac`e`js quc ij mrjvc`j` y urmcfkej `ci kjsg rcquecrjf. ^rgkc`crê kujiquecrj `c ciigs, Hucz g Efmcfecrg, se jadgs fg budecrcf kgfkurre`g. Jrt. 403. ‛ Ij jutgre`j`, kgf ci efograc `ci Efmcfecrg, ajf`jrê quc sc bjmjf

cocktevjs ijs auitjs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs, fgteoekjf`g ji aefcrg pjrj quc `cftrg `c uf tåraefg pru`cfkeji, bjmj ijs rcpjrjkegfcs kgfvcfecftcs, djhg jpcrkedeaecftg `c pjmjr ufj fucvj auitj. Cf ci kjsg `c gpgsekeûf, ij jutgre`j` fgadrjrê uf fucvg pcretg se oucsc fckcsjreg, pu`ecf`g ci eftcrcsj`g fgadrjr gtrg pgr su pjrtc. Kgf ci efograc `c cstgs pcretgs y tcfecf`g prcscftc ci `ci pcretg goekeji, sc rcsgivcrê `coefetevjacftc. [CKKEGF [CMSF@J @c ij prgtckkeûf jadecftji pjrj ij jkteve`j` E Jadetg `c jpiekjkeûf. Jikjfkcs

 

Jrt. 40?. ‛ Ij prgtckkeûf `ci jadecftc y ij kgfscrvjkeûf `ci pjtreagfeg fjturji y

kuiturji, quc puc`j scr jocktj`g pgr ij jkteve`j` aefcrj, sc rcmerêf pgr ijs `espgsekegfcs `c cstj [ckkeûf. Jrt. 40=. ‛ Cstêf kgaprcf`e`js `cftrg `ci råmeacf `c cstj [ckkeûf, tg`js ijs

pcrsgfjs oásekjs y hurá`ekjs, pødiekjs y prevj`js, igs cftcs kcftrjiezj`gs g `cskcftrjiezj`gs y ijs Caprcsjs `ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji, ^rgvefkeji y Aufekepji quc `csjrrgiicf jkteve`j`cs kgaprcf`e`js cf ci Jrtákuig 405. Jrt. 402. ‛ Ijs pcrsgfjs kgaprcf`e`js cf ijs jkteve`j`cs ef`ekj`js cf ci Jrtákuig

405 scrêf rcspgfsjdics `c tg`g `júg jadecftji quc sc prg`uzkj pgr ci efkuapieaecftg `c ig cstjdicke`g cf ij prcscftc [ckkeûf, yj scj quc ig gkjsegfcf cf ograj `ercktj g pgr ijs pcrsgfjs quc sc cfkucftrjf djhg su `cpcf`cfkej g pgr pjrtc `c kgftrjtestjs g sudkgftrjtestjs, g quc ig kjusj ci recsmg g vekeg `c ij kgsj. Ci tetuijr `ci `crckbg aefcrg scrê sgie`jrejacftc rcspgfsjdic, cf igs aesags kjsgs, `ci `júg quc gkjsegfcf ijs pcrsgfjs pgr åi bjdeietj`js pjrj ci chcrkekeg `c tji `crckbg. Jrt. 405. ‛ Ijs jkteve`j`cs kgaprcf`e`js cf ij prcscftc [ckkeûf sgf8

j) ^rgspckkeûf, cxpigrjkeûf, cxpigtjkeûf, `csjrrgiig, prcpjrjkeûf, cxtrjkkeûf y jiajkcfjaecftg `c sustjfkejs aefcrjics kgaprcf`e`js cf cstc Kû`emg `c Aefcráj, efkiue`js tg`js ijs jkteve`j`cs `cstefj`js ji kecrrc `c ij aefj. d) Igs prgkcsgs `c treturjkeûf, agiecf`j, dcfcoekeg, pciictezjkeûf, seftcrezjkeûf, drequctcg, cijdgrjkeûf preajrej, kjikefjkeûf, ouf`ekeûf, rcoefjkeûf, jscrrj`g, tjiij`g, puie`g iustrj`g, gtrgs quc puc`jf surmer `c fucvjs tckfgigmájs y ij `espgsekeûf `c rcse`ugs kujiquecrj scj su fjturjiczj. Jrt. 43>. ‛

jutgre`j` ig `espucstg ij prcscftc [ckkeûf ijs[crêf jutgre`j`cs quc`c ijsjpiekjkeûf prgvefkejspjrj `ctcraefcf cf cipgr êadetg `c su  hures`ekkeûf. EE @c igs efstruacftgs `c mcsteûf jadecftji Jrt. 43:. ‛ Igs rcspgfsjdics kgaprcf`e`gs cf ci jrtekuig 402 `cdcrêf prcscftjr

jftc ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf, y jftcs `ci efekeg `c kujiquecr jkteve`j` cspckeoekj`j cf ci Jrtákuig 405, uf Efograc `c Eapjktg Jadecftji. Ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf pg`rê prcstjr jscsgrjaecftg j igs pcqucúgs prg`uktgrcs pjrj ij cijdgrjkeûf `ci aesag.

 

Jrt. 434. ‛ Ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf cvjiujrê ci efograc `c eapjktg Jadecftji, y

sc prgfufkejrê pgr ij jprgdjkeûf ac`ejftc ufj @ckijrjkeûf `c Eapjktg Jadecftji pjrj kj`j ufj `c ijs ctjpjs `ci prgycktg g `c eapicacftjkeûf cocktevj. Jrt. 43;. ‛ Ci Efograc `c Eapjktg Jadecftji pjrj ij ctjpj `c prgspckkeûf `cdcrê

kgftcfcr ci tepg `c jkkegfcs j `csjrrgiijr y ci cvcftuji recsmg `c eapjktg jadecftji quc ijs aesajs pu`ecrjf jkjrrcjr. ^jrj ij ctjpj `c cxpigrjkeûf ci ketj`g Efograc `cdcrê kgftcfcr ufj `cskrepkeûf `c igs aåtg`gs j capicjr y ijs ac`e`js `c prgtckkeûf jadecftji quc rcsuitjrcf fckcsjrejs. Cf ijs ctjpjs acfkegfj`js prckc`cftcacftc scrê fckcsjrej ij prcvej jprgdjkeûf `ci Efograc pgr pjrtc `c ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf pjrj ci efekeg `c ijs jkteve`j`cs, sef pcrhuekeg `c ijs rcspgfsjdeie`j`cs prcvestjs cf ci Jrtákuig 402 pgr igs `júgs quc sc pu`ecrjf gkjsegfjr. Jrt. 430. ‛ Ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf sc cxpc`erê jprgdjf`g g rckbjzjf`g cf

ograj cxprcsj ci Efograc `c Eapjktg Jadecftji cf uf pijzg fg ajygr `c [C[CFPJ (?>) `ájs bêdeics `cs`c quc ci eftcrcsj`g ig prcscftc. Jrt. 433. ‛ [e ac`ejftc `ckeseûf ouf`j`j sc csteajrc efsuoekecftc ci kgftcfe`g `ci

Efograc `c Eapjktg Jadecftji, ci rcspgfsjdic pg`rê cocktujr ufj fucvj prcscftjkeûf `cftrg `c uf pijzg `c PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs bêdeics `c fgteoekj`g. Ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf cf ci tåraefg `c PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs bêdeics sc cxpc`erê jprgdjf`g g rckbjzjf`g ci efograc cf ograj cxprcsj. Jrt. 43?. ‛ Ij `ckijrjkeûf `c Eapjktg Jadecftji scrê jktujiezj`j aêxeag cf

ograj dejfuji, `cdeåf`gsc prcscftjr uf efograc kgftcfecf`g igs rcsuitj`gs `c ijs jkkegfcs `c prg`uke`g. prgtckkeûf jadecftji chckutj`js, jsá kgag `c igs bckbgs fucvgs quc sc budecrcf Jrt. 43=. ‛ Ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf, cf ci kjsg `c prg`ukersc `csjhustcs cftrc

igs rcsuitj`gs cocktevjacftc jikjfzj`gs y igs cspcrj`gs scmøf ij @ckijrjkeûf `c Eapjktg Jadecftji, `espgf`rê ij eftrg`ukkeûf `c ag`eoekjkegfcs, jtcf`ecf`g ij cxestcfkej `c fucvgs kgfgkeaecftgs jkcrkj `ci kgapgrtjaecftg `c igs ckgsestcajs jocktj`gs y ijs jkkegfcs tcf`ecftcs j ufj ajygr coekecfkej pjrj ij prgtckkeûf `ci êrcj `c efoiucfkej `c ij jkteve`j`. Cstjs ac`e`js pg`rêf scr kgfse`crj`js tjadeåf j sgieketu` `ci gpcrj`gr aefcrg. Jrt. 432. ‛ Igs cquepgs, efstjijkegfcs, sestcajs, jkkegfcs y jkteve`j`cs `c

prcvcfkeûf, aetemjkeûf, rcbjdeietjkeûf, rcstjurjkeûf g rckgapgsekeûf jadecftji, kgfsemfj`js pgr ci rcspgfsjdic c efkiue`js cf ij @ckijrjkeûf `c Eapjktg

 

 Jadecftji kgfstetuerêf gdiemjkeûf `ci rcspgfsjdic y scrêf suskcptedics `c oeskjiezjkeûf `c kuapieaecftg pgr pjrtc `c ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf. Jrt. 435. ‛ Fg scrê jkcptj`j ij prcscftjkeûf kujf`g ci tetuijr g kujiquecr tepg `c

ajf`jtjreg g prgocsegfji `c caprcsj, cstuvecrj efbjdeietj`g g kuapiecf`g sjfkegfcs pgr vegijkeûf j ij prcscftc [ckkeûf. Jrt. 4?>. ‛ Pg`j pcrsgfj oásekj g hurá`ekj quc rcjiekc ijs jkteve`j`cs kgaprcf`e`js

cf cstj [ckkeûf y kuapij kgf igs rcquesetgs cxeme`gs pgr ij aesaj, pg`rê sgieketjr jftc ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf uf Kcrteoekj`g `c Kjie`j` Jadecftji. EEE @c ijs fgrajs `c prgtckkeûf y kgfscrvjkeûf jadecftji Jrt. 4?:. ‛ Ijs fgrajs quc rcmijacftcf cstj [ckkeûf cstjdickcrêf8

j) Igs prgkc`eaecftgs, aåtg`gs y cstêf`jrcs rcqucre`gs, kgf`ukcftcs j ij prgtckkeûf jadecftji, scmøf ijs ctjpjs `c jkteve`j` kgaprcf`e`js cf ci Jrtákuig 405, kjtcmgrezjkeûf `c ijs jkteve`j`cs pgr mrj`g `c recsmg jadecftji y kjrjktcrezjkeûf ckgsestcaêtekj `ci êrcj `c efoiucfkej. d) Ij krcjkeûf `c uf Tcmestrg `c kgfsuitgrcs y ijdgrjtgregs j igs quc igs eftcrcsj`gs y ij Jutgre`j` `c Jpiekjkeûf pg`rêf sgieketjr jsestcfkej pjrj ij rcjiezjkeûf `c trjdjhgs `c agfetgrcg y ju`etgráj cxtcrfj. k) Ij krcjkeûf `c uf Tcmestrg `c Eforjktgrcs. Jrt. 4?4. ‛ Ci efograc `c Eapjktg Jadecftji `cdc efkiuer8

j) Ij udekjkeûf y `cskrepkeûf jadecftji `ci êrcj `c efoiucfkej. d) Ij `cskrepkeûf `ci prgycktg aefcrg. k) Ijs cvcftujics ag`eoekjkegfcs sgdrc sucig, jmuj, jtaûsocrj, oigrj y ojufj, rciecvc y êadetg sgkegkuiturji. `) Ijs ac`e`js `c prcvcfkeûf, aetemjkeûf, rcbjdeietjkeûf, rcstjurjkeûf g rckgapgsekeûf `ci ac`eg jitcrj`g, scmøf kgrrcspgf`ecrc. c) Aåtg`gs uteiezj`gs. E_.- @c ijs rcspgfsjdeie`j`cs jftc ci `júg jadecftji Jrt. 4?;. ‛ [ef pcrhuekeg `c ijs sjfkegfcs j`aefestrjtevjs y pcfjics quc

cstjdiczkjf ijs fgrajs vemcftcs, tg`g ci quc kjusjrc `júg jktuji g rcse`uji ji pjtreagfeg jadecftji, cstjrê gdiemj`g j aetemjrig, rcbjdeietjrig, rcstjurjrig g rckgapgfcrig, scmøf kgrrcspgf`ecrc.

 

_ @c ijs eforjkkegfcs y sjfkegfcs Jrt. 4?0. ‛ Ci efkuapieaecftg `c ijs `espgsekegfcs cstjdicke`js cf cstj [ckkeûf,

kujf`g fg cståf kgaprcf`e`js `cftrg `ci êadetg `c ijs rcspgfsjdeie`j`cs pcfjics, scrê sjfkegfj`g kgf8 j) Jpcrkedeaecftg. d) Auitjs, ijs quc scrêf cstjdicke`js pgr ij Jutgre`j` `c Jpiekjkeûf kgfograc ijs pjutjs `espucstjs cf ci Jrtákuig 40; `ci Kû`emg `c Aefcráj. k) [uspcfseûf `ci mgkc `ci Kcrteoekj`g `c Kjie`j` Jadecftji `c igs prg`uktgs. `) Tcpjrjkeûf `c igs `júgs jadecftjics. c) Kijusurj tcapgrji, ij quc scrê prgmrcsevj cf igs kjsgs `c rcefke`cfkej. Cf kjsg `c PTC[ (;) eforjkkegfcs mrjvcs sc prgkc`crê ji kecrrc `coefetevg `ci cstjdickeaecftg. o) Efbjdeietjkeûf. Jrt. 4?3. ‛ Ijs sjfkegfcs cstjdicke`js cf ci jrtákuig jftcregr sc jpiekjrêf prcveg suajreg pgr ijs fgrajs `ci prgkcsg j`aefestrjtevg, quc jscmurc ci `cde`g prgkcsg icmji y sc mrj`ujrêf `c jkucr`g kgf ij fjturjiczj `c ij eforjkkeûf y ci `júg prg`uke`g. Jrt. 4??. ‛ Ci quc kgactecrc ufj eforjkkeûf bjdecf`g se`g sjfkegfj`g

jftcregracftc pgr gtrj eforjkkeûf j cstj [ckkeûf, scrê tcfe`g pgr rcefke`cftc j igs cocktgs `c ij mrj`ujkeûf `c ij pcfj. _E @c ij c`ukjkeûf y `cocfsj jadecftji Jrt. 4?=. ‛ Ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf eapicacftjrê uf prgmrjaj `c ograjkeûf c

eiustrjkeûf kgf ij oefjie`j` `c grecftjr j ij pgdijkeûf, cf pjrtekuijr j jquciij vefkuij`j j ij jkteve`j` aefcrj, sgdrc ij kgaprcfseûf `c igs prgdicajs jadecftjics, sus kgfsckucfkejs y prcvcfkeûf kgf jrrcmig j ijs pjrtekuijre`j`cs rcmegfjics, åtfekjs, sgkejics, ckgfûaekjs y tckfgiûmekjs `ci iumjr cf quc sc `csjrrgiicf ijs tjrcjs. Jrt. 4?2. ‛ Ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf cstjrê gdiemj`j j prgpgrkegfjr efograjkeûf

j quecf ig sgieketjrc rcspcktg `c ij jpiekjkeûf `c ijs `espgsekegfcs `c ij prcscftc [ckkeûf. PEPSIG RE_ @c igs jvágs `c aefjs

 

E @c ij kgfstetukeûf y kgf`ekegfcs `ci kgftrjtg Jrt. 4?5. ‛ Ci jvág cs uf kgftrjtg pgr ci kuji ufj pcrsgfj sc gdiemj j suaefestrjr ig

fckcsjreg pjrj ij cxpigtjkeûf `c ufj aefj. Igs jvej`grcs tecfcf prcocrcfkej sgdrc tg`g gtrg jkrcc`gr. Jrt. 4=>. ‛ Ci jvág puc`c scr pgr tecapg, pgr kjfte`j` g pgr gdrjs quc sc

`ctcraefjrêf cf ci kgftrjtg. Jrt. 4=:. ‛ ^uc`c kgfvcfersc quc ci jvej`gr tgac ufj pjrtc `c ij aefj cf pjmg `c

igs jvágs quc `cdc suaefestrjr. G puc`c `êrscic pjrtekepjkeûf cf igs prg`uktgs pgr uf tecapg `ctcraefj`g, g bjstj kudrer ci vjigr `c igs jvágs. Cf ci preacr kjsg, quc`j ci jvej`gr suhctg j ijs `espgsekegfcs quc rcmijf ijs kgapjúájs `c aefjs. Jrt. 4=4. ‛ Cf igs `caês kjsgs, kgf igs prg`uktgs `c ij pjrtc `c aefj jsemfj`j ji

jvej`gr, sc pjmjrê jftc tg`g ci vjigr `c igs jvágs.

Fg puc`c prctcf`crsc `crckbg jimufg j igs prg`uktgs `c ij aefj, jftcs `c quc sc bjyj kudecrtg ij kjfte`j` kgfvcfe`j g sc bjyj vcfke`g ci tecapg scújij`g. Jrt. 4=;. ‛ Ci prckeg `c igs aefcrjics g pjstjs quc sc cftrcmucf cf pjmg `ci jvág,

scrê ci quc sc bjyj kgfvcfe`g cf ci kgftrjtg. ^uc`c cstepuijrsc quc ci pjmg sc bjmj cf `efcrg kgf ci vjigr `c igs prg`uktgs vcf`e`gs ji prckeg kgrrecftc. Cf cstc kjsg sc pjmjrê ci eftcrås quc iedrcacftc budecscf cstepuij`g igs kgftrjtjftcs. Jr Jrt. t. 4=0 4 =0.. ‛ [e pjrj ij scmure`j` `ci pjmg `c igs jvágs sc prcstjf bepgtckjs,

oejfzjs u gtrjs mjrjftájs, se fg sc budecsc cstepuij`g eftcrås, sc pjmjrê ci kgrrecftc cf pijzj. Jrt. 4=3. ‛ Ci kgftrjtg `c jvágs `cdc kcicdrjrsc pgr cskretg cf efstruacftg pødiekg

g prevj`g. ^jrj quc ci kgftrjtg pgr efstruacftg prevj`g prg`uzkj cocktg rcspcktg `c tcrkcrgs, cs fckcsjreg quc sc efskredj cf ci rcmestrg `cstefj`g j igs kgftrjtgs `c aefjs.

 

Cf tg`g kjsg, sc pudiekjrê pgr PTC[ (;) vckcs `eocrcftcs cf ci cspjkeg `c ZSEFKC (:3) `ájs, cf ci pcreû`ekg quc ij jutgre`j` `csemfc, y sc oehjrê cf ijs pucrtjs `ci goekeg `ci cskredjfg `urjftc ci aesag pijzg. Jrt. 4=?. ‛ Pcraefj`g ci kgftrjtg y rcsuitjf`g quc fg bj se`g pjmj`g ci vjigr `c

igs jvágs, kujf`g ci jvej`gr fg tecfc pjrtc cf ij aefj g cf sus prg`uktgs, puc`c åstc chcrketjr igs `crckbgs `ci jkrcc`gr fg pjmj`g, se fg sc rcfucvj ci kgftrjtg. Jrt. 4==. ‛ Ci jvej`gr suaefestrjrê igs jvágs, cf ij ograj cstepuij`j< y j ojitj `c

cstepuijkeûf kujf`g ci `ucúg `c ij aefj ig sgieketjrc pjrj jku`er j ijs fckcse`j`cs `c ij cxpigtjkeûf. Ci jvej`gr scrê fgteoekj`g kgf ZSEFKC (:3) `ájs `c jftekepjkeûf pjrj quc, `cftrg `c cstc tåraefg, puc`j suaefestrjr igs jvágs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs. [e ci jvej`gr rcqucre`g ji cocktg, fg igs suaefestrj gpgrtufjacftc, pg`rê ci `ucúg `c ij aefj `cajf`jr hu`ekejiacftc su pjmg, g tgajr `efcrg `c gtrjs pcrsgfjs pgr kucftj `ci jvej`gr, g kcicdrjr kgf gtrg uf fucvg kgftrjtg `c jvágs. Jrt. 4=2. ‛ Tcskef`e`g ci kgftrjtg pgr kuipj `ci jvej`gr, åstc fg tecfc preveicmeg

jimufg pgr igs jvágs suaefestrj`gs, fe `crckbg j chckutjr ij aefj. EE @c ij j`aefestrjkeûf `c ij aefj jvej`j Jrt. 4=5. ‛ Ij j`aefestrjkeûf `c ij aefj kgrrcspgf`c j sus `ucúgs cxkcptujf`g

igs kjsgs cf quc ij icy ij kgfkc`c j igs jvej`grcs. Jrt. 42>. ‛ Kujf`g igs `ucúgs `c ijs aefjs bekecrcf mjstgs cxgrdetjftcs< kujf`g

`ecrcf ufj ajij `erckkeûf j igs trjdjhgs, g kujf`g cstuvecrcf aji scrve`gs g `csjtcf`e`gs ci mgdecrfg y ij ckgfgaáj `c ij aefj, ci jvej`gr pg`rê tgajr j su kjrmg ij j`aefestrjkeûf.  Ji cocktg, sc rcqucrerê j igs `ucúgs pjrj quc bjmjf ijs rcpjrjkegfcs y rcograjs rckijaj`js< y fg vcreoekêf`gijs cf ci tåraefg `c _CEFPC (4>) `ájs, g cf ci quc ij jutgre`j` krcycrc kgfvcfecftc, sc cftrcmjrê ij j`aefestrjkeûf ji jvej`gr. Fg tcf`rê iumjr ig `espucstg cf igs @G[ (4) efkesgs jftcregrcs, kujf`g igs jvágs suaefestrj`gs cståf kudecrtgs cf ci tg`g g cf ijs trcs kujrtjs pjrtcs `c su vjigr. Pjapgkg tcf`rê iumjr, kujf`g sc budecrcf prcstj`g mjrjftájs. Jrt. 42:. ‛ [e ci `ucúg `c ij aefj fg capicj cf su cxpigtjkeûf igs `efcrgs g

cocktgs suaefestrj`gs pjrj ci jvág, `êf`gics ufj efvcrseûf `eocrcftc, ci jvej`gr puc`c gptjr cftrc `csester `ci kgftrjtg, kgdrjf`g igs vjigrcs `estrjá`gs kgf sus eftcrcscs y tgajr ij j`aefestrjkeûf `c ij aefj bjstj scr cftcrjacftc kudecrtg.

 

Cf cstc kjsg sc kgfse`crjrêf csgs vjigrcs kgag kjpetji efvcrte`g cf ci jvág. Jrt. 424. ‛ Igs jvej`grcs puc`cf pgfcr eftcrvcftgr cf kujiquecr tecapg, jufquc

fg sc bjyj kgfvcfe`g. [gf jtredukegfcs `ci eftcrvcftgr8 efspckkegfjr ij aefj< kue`jr `c ij ducfj kucftj y rjzûf< tcfcr cf su pg`cr igs `efcrgs cocktgs `cstefj`gs pjrj `c cftrcmjrigs gpgrtufjacftc. ^crg cf fefmøf kjsgypg`rê aczkijrsc cf ji ij jvág `erckkeûf igs trjdjhgs, fe gpgfcrsc j igs quc sc chckutjrcf, fe kgftrjrejr jktg jimufg `c ij j`aefestrjkeûf. Jrt. 42;. ‛ Ci `ucúg `c ij aefj pg`rê tjadeåf fgadrjr eftcrvcftgrcs kujf`g ij

j`aefestrjkeûf bjyj se`g cftrcmj`j ji jvej`gr. Ci eftcrvcftgr cf cstc kjsg, tecfc ojkuitj` pjrj gpgfcrsc j tg`j gpcrjkeûf y j tg`g trjdjhg quc puc`j kjusjr pcrhuekeg ji prgpectjreg, g kgaprgactcr ci pgrvcfer `c ij aefj, g quc eapgrtc ij eforjkkeûf `c kujiquecrj `c ijs `espgsekegfcs `ci prcscftc Pátuig. Cf cstgs kjsgs, ci hucz `ci aefcrji, j sgieketu` `ci eftcrcsj`g, ajf`jrê suspcf`cr igs trjdjhgs. EEE @esgiukeûf `c igs kgftrjtgs `c jvágs Jrt. 420. ‛ Pcraefj ci kgftrjtg `c jvágs pgr ci vcfkeaecftg `ci tecapg, pgr ij

efvcrseûf `ci kjpetji, g pgr ij chckukeûf `c ijs gdrjs, scmøf ig pjktj`g cf ci kgftrjtg. ^crg, kujf`g fg sc budecsc cstepuij`g ci tecapg `c ij `urjkeûf `c igs jvágs, fe ij kjfte`j` quc `cdáj suaefestrjrsc, fe ijs gdrjs quc bjdáj gdiemjkeûf `c chckutjr, kujiquecrj `c igs eftcrcsj`gs puc`c, `jf`g jvesg kgf [C[CFPJ (?>) `ájs `c jftekepjkeûf, pgfcr tåraefg ji kgftrjtg. Cf cstc kjsg, ci jvej`gr `csjbukej`g tecfc `crckbg j kgdrjr ci vjigr `c igs cocktgs cftrcmj`gs y ci vjigr `c su krå`etg kgf igs prcaegs cstepuij`gs. Pecfc `crckbg j quc sc rckedjf igs cocktgs quc sc ic budecrcf pc`e`g. Kujf`g ci aefcrg scj ci `csjvej`g, ci pjmg sc bjrê kgf igs prg`uktgs iedrcs `c ij aefj, `cspuås `c igs bepgtckjregs y `c igs jvej`grcs pgstcregrcs. [e ij gdiemjkeûf cs `c pjmjr cf `efcrg, tcf`rê ci prgpectjreg `csjbukej`g ci pijzg `c KSJPTG (0) acscs sef eftcrås.

 

Jrt. 423. ‛ ^g`rêf `csester `ci kgftrjtg sef fckcse`j` `c jkucr`g, ci jvej`gr

rcfufkejf`g tg`gs sus `crckbgs, y ci prgpectjreg kc`ecf`g ij aefj ji jvej`gr. PEPSIG R_ @c ijs aefjs cf kgapjúáj E.- Kgfstetukeûf `c ijs kgapjúájs Jrt. 42?. ‛ Bjy kgapjúáj kujf`g @G[ (4) g aês pcrsgfjs trjdjhjf cf kgaøf

ufj g aês aefjs, kgf jrrcmig j ijs prcskrepkegfcs `c cstc Kû`emg. Ijs kgapjúájs sc kgfstetuycf8 : ^gr ci bckbg `c rcmestrjrsc ufj aefj. 4 ^gr ci bckbg `c j`querersc pjrtc cf aefjs rcmestrj`js. ; ^gr uf kgftrjtg cspckeji `c kgapjúáj. Cstc kgftrjtg `cdcrê bjkcrsc kgfstjr pgr cskreturj pødiekj. Jrt. 42=. ‛ Pg`g fcmgkeg kgfkcrfecftc j ufj kgapjúáj sc trjtjrê y rcsgivcrê cf

 huftjs, pgr ajygráj `c vgtgs. ^jrj ograjr huftj, djstjrê ij jsestcfkej `c ij aetj` `c igs sgkegs prcscftcs kgf `crckbg j vgtjr< prcvej ij ketjkeûf `c tg`gs, juf `c igs quc fg tcfmjf vgtg. Cf ij ketjkeûf sc cxprcsjrê ci gdhctg `c ij rcufeûf y ci `áj y bgrj cf quc `cdc kcicdrjrsc. Jrt. 422. ‛ Igs sgkegs kgf `crckbg j vgtjr g sus rcprcscftjftcs se oucrcf

kgfgke`gs, scrêf pcrsgfjiacftc ketj`gs, se rcse`ecrcf cf ij prgvefkej g tcrretgreg oc`crji `gf`c tcfmj su `gaekeieg ij sgkec`j`. @c gtrg ag`g ij ketjkeûf sc bjrê pgr ac`eg `c jvesgs pudiekj`gs pgr ij prcfsj kgf @ECX (:>) `ájs `c jftekepjkeûf kujf`g acfgs. Jr Jrt. t. 425 4 25.. ‛ Ij ketjkeûf pg`rê bjkcrsc j `gaekeieg pgr ac`eg `c ufj kgfvgkjtgrej, g

pgr ûr`cfcs fgaefjics.  Ji scrics prcscftj`js, oerajrêf igs sgkegs pjrj kgfstjfkej `ci bckbg. Jrt. 45>. ‛ Kujf`g cf ijs jktjs `c ijs scsegfcs kcicdrj`js sc bjyj bckbg

kgfstjr ci gdhctg y sc bjyj oehj`g `áj y bgrj pjrj ufj fucvj g sukcsevjs rcufegfcs, igs sgkegs prcscftcs sc supgfcf pcrsgfjiacftc ketj`gs.

 

Jrt. 45:. ‛ Ijs kgfvgkjtgrejs u ûr`cfcs fgaefjics `c ketjkeûf sc cxpc`erêf pgr ci

prcse`cftc `c ij sgkec`j`, kujf`g ig huzmuc kgfvcfecftc, g kujf`g kujiquecrj `c igs sgkegs ig sgieketc.  J ojitj `ci prcse`cftc, pgr @G[ (4) g aês sgkegs, g pgr ci j`aefestrj`gr se sc ic budecrc kgfocre`g csj ojkuitj`. [ûig cf ci kjsg `c fcmjtevj `ci prcse`cftc, igs sgkegs pg`rêf vcreoekjr ij ketjkeûf. Jrt. 454. ‛ Ij sgkec`j` g su `ercktgreg `cdcf kgfstetuer uf rcprcscftjftc,

suoekecftcacftc jutgrezj`g pjrj tg`g kujftg `c kujiquecr ajfcrj sc rcijkegfc kgf ij jutgre`j` y kgf tcrkcrgs. Jrt. 45;. ‛ Igs sgkegs sef cxkcpkeûf tecfcf `crckbg j kgfkurrer j ijs scsegfcs y

tgajr pjrtc cf ijs `ciedcrjkegfcs. ^crg sûig pg`rêf vgtjr jquciigs quc tcfmjf SFJ (:) g aês jkkegfcs. Kj`j jkkeûf rcprcscftj SF (:) vgtg, yj pcrtcfczkj j ufj sgij pcrsgfj, yj j vjrejs. Jr Jrt. t. 450 4 50.. ‛ ^jrj kgfstetuer ajygráj fg sc fckcsetj jtcf`cr ji føacrg `c vgtjftcs,

sefg ji føacrg `c vgtgs. Igs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs j uf sgig `ucúg fg pg`rêf ograjr pgr sá sgigs ajygráj. Kujf`g jikjfkcf g pjscf `c ij aetj` `c ijs jkkegfcs sc kgfse`crj capjtj`j ij vgtjkeûf. Jr Jrt. t. 453 4 53.. ‛ Ij jutgre`j` `cke`erê igs capjtcs kujiquecrj quc scj su kjusj,

tcfecf`g cf kgfse`crjkeûf ig aês kgfograc j ij icy y ji eftcrås `c ij kgaufe`j`. Jrt. 45?. ‛ Fefmøf sgkeg puc`c trjsaeter j gtrj pcrsgfj quc fg scj sgkeg, ci

eftcrås quc tcfmj cf ij sgkec`j`, fe sustetuerij cf su iumjr pjrj quc `cscapcúc ijs oufkegfcs quc ic tgkjrcf cf ij j`aefestrjkeûf sgkeji, sef cxprcsg kgfscfteaecftg `c tg`gs igs sgkegs, sg pcfj `c fuie`j` `ci kgftrjtg. [ef cadjrmg, pg`rê jsgkejrig j su pjrtc y juf kc`årscij áftcmrj, sef quc pgr tji bckbg ci jsgkej`g sc bjmj aecadrg `c ij sgkec`j`. EE @c ij j`aefestrjkeûf Jrt. 45=. ‛ Ij j`aefestrjkeûf `c ij kgapjúáj kgrrcspgf`c j tg`gs igs sgkegs< pcrg

puc`cf fgadrjrsc ufj g aês pcrsgfjs cicme`js cftrc igs aesags.

 

Ci fgadrjaecftg pg`rê rckjcr cf pcrsgfjs cxtrjújs< pcrg sc fckcsetjrê ci kgfkursg `c @G[ (4) tcrkegs `c vgtgs, se `gs g aês sgkegs sc gpusecrcf. Ij `urjkeûf, jtredukegfcs, `cdcrcs, rckgapcfsjs y `urjkeûf `c igs j`aefestrj`grcs, sc `ctcraefjrêf cf huftj, se fg sc budecscf cstepuij`g cf ci kgftrjtg `c kgapjúáj. Igs j`aefestrj`grcs fg puc`cf kgftrjcr krå`etgs, mrjvjr ijs aefjs cf tg`g fe cf pjrtc, vcf`cr igs aefcrjics g pjstjs, fgadrjr fe `cstetuer igs j`aefestrj`grcs `c ij ojcfj, sef cspckeji jutgrezjkeûf. Cf tg`g kjsg, igs sgkegs puc`cf eapc`er ij vcftj `c igs aefcrjics y pjstjs, pjmjf`g igs mjstgs y kugtjs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs. Jrt. 452. ‛ Igs mjstgs y prg`uktgs sc `estreduerêf cf prgpgrkeûf j ijs pjrtcs g

jkkegfcs quc kj`j sgkeg tcfmj cf ij aefj, se gtrj kgsj fg sc budecsc cstepuij`g. Cs fuij ij cstepuijkeûf quc prevc j jimøf sgkeg `c tg`j pjrtekepjkeûf cf igs dcfcoekegs g prg`uktgs. Jrt. 455. ‛ Ij `estredukeûf `c igs dcfcoekegs g prg`uktgs sc bjrê kujf`g ij

ajygráj `c igs sgkegs ig `ctcraefc. G kujf`g ci j`aefestrj`gr `c ij kgapjúáj y ci `c ij aefj ig krcjf kgfvcfecftc. G kujf`g kujiquecrj `c igs sgkegs ig prctcf`j, secaprc quc igs aesags j`aefestrj`grcs ig krcycrcf gpgrtufg. Jrt. ;>>. ‛ Ij `estredukeûf sc bjrê cf aefcrjics, pjstjs g cf `efcrg, scmøf ci

jkucr`g `c igs sgkegs. Kujf`g fg budecrc jkucr`g, ij `estredukeûf sc bjrê cf `efcrg. EEE @c ij kgfkurrcfkej j mjstgs cxtrjgr`efjregs Jrt. ;>:. ‛ ^jrj ij chckukeûf `c igs trjdjhgs quc cxehjf ajygrcs mjstgs quc igs

fckcsjregs pjrj ci japjrg, g quc cxkc`jf `c ijs kugtjs cstepuij`js, `cdc bjdcr ufjfeae`j` `c vgtgs. Emuji ufjfeae`j` sc rcquecrc kujf`g sc trjtc `c rc`uker ijs kugtjs `csemfj`js pjrj ij cxpigtjkeûf gr`efjrej `c ij aefj. Djstjrê ij ajygráj pjrj capicjr igs prg`uktgs `c ij aefj cf ijs gdrjs quc  huzmjrc kgfvcfecftcs.

 

Jrt. ;>4. ‛ Ij aefgráj pg`rê eapc`er, prcvej rcsgiukeûf `c ij jutgre`j` , quc sc

gkupcf aês `c @ECX (:>) gpcrjregs kujf`g fg scjf fckcsjregs, g kujf`g sef juacftjr su føacrg, ijs gdrjs puc`jf gpgrtufj y sjtesojktgrejacftc rcjiezjrsc. Ij jutgre`j` rcsgivcrê kgf ci efograc `ci `ercktgr `c igs trjdjhgs `c ij aefj y kgf ci `ci efmcfecrg goekeji, g kgf ci `c igs pcretgs quc ijs pjrtcs puc`jf fgadrjr. Jr Jrt. t. ;>; ; >;.. ‛ ^uc`cf scr gdiemj`gs igs sgkegs j kgftreduer kgf igs ogf`gs fckcsjregs,

jufquc cxkc`jf `c ijs kugtjs gr`efjrejs, pjrj ijs gdrjs `c scmure`j` y kgfscrvjkeûf `c ij aefj. E_.- @c ij efkgfkurrcfkej j igs mjstgs y sus cocktgs Jrt. ;>0. ‛ Bjy efkgfkurrcfkej8

: Fg pjmêf`gsc cf ci pijzg prcoehj`g ijs kugtjs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs. 4 Kujf`g, j ojitj `c cstepuijkeûf g jkucr`g, fg sc bjf cftrcmj`g cstjs kugtjs PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs `cspuås `c bjdcrsc pc`e`g. ; [e bjdeåf`gsc bckbg igs mjstgs sef pc`er kugtjs, g bjdecf`g åstgs cxkc`e`g `ci vjigr `c ijs cftrcmjs, fg sc pjmj ij pjrtc kgrrcspgf`ecftc cf ci tåraefg `c ZSEFKC (:3) `ájs. 0 Kujf`g fg sc kgftreduyc j igs mjstgs fckcsjregs pjrj ij scmure`j` y kgfscrvjkeûf `c ij aefj. Jrt. ;>3. ‛ Cf kujiquecrj `c igs kjsgs cxprcsj`gs cf ci jrtákuig prckc`cftc, ci

j`aefestrj`gr `c ij sgkec`j` pg`rê `espgfcr `c ij pjrtc `c aefcrjics, pjstjs g `efcrg kgrrcspgf`ecftcs ji efkgfkurrcftc, quc djstc pjrj kudrer igs mjstgs y ijs kugtjs quc bjf `cde`g jftekepjrsc. Jrt. ;>?. ‛ Fg ref`ecf`g prg`uktgs ij aefj, g fg secf`g åstgs suoekecftcs pjrj

kudrer igs mjstgs y ijs jftekepjkegfcs cf tg`g g cf pjrtc, kujiquecrj `c igs sgkegs kgftreduycftcs puc`c pc`er j ij jutgre`j` quc ci sgkeg efkgfkurrcftc scj rcqucre`g `c pjmg, kgf jpcrkedeaecftg `c tcfårscic pgr `cseste`g `c sus `crckbgs. Fg vcreoekêf`gsc ci pjmg `cftrg `c igs PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs semuecftcs ji rcqucreaecftg, ij pjrtc `c aefj quc`j jkrcke`j prgpgrkegfj`jacftc j ij `c igs sgkegs kgftreduycftcs. Ij pjrtc quc j kj`j ufg kgrrcspgf`j, sc efskrederê cf ci rcmestrg `c aefjs.

 

Jrt. ;>=. ‛ [e ci sgkeg efkgfkurrcftc fg sc cfkucftrj cf ci `estretg j quc ij aefj

kgrrcspgf`c, fe cf ci iumjr `c su rcse`cfkej, ci rcqucreaecftg sc bjrê pgr jvesgs y c`ektgs, scmøf ig cstjdicke`g cf ci Jrtákuig 422. ^crg cf ci kjsg prcscftc, ijs pudiekjkegfcs sc bjrêf KEFKG (3) vckcs cf ci cspjkeg `c PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs, y `urjftc emuji tåraefg sc oehjrêf igs kjrtcics. _ @c ij gpgsekeûf ji rcqucreaecftg Jrt. ;>2. ‛ Ci sgkeg rcqucre`g puc`c gpgfcrsc `cftrg `ci pijzg `c igs PTCEFPJ

(;>) `ájs, j ij prctcfseûf `c igs sgkegs kgfkurrcftcs. Ci cskretg `c gpgsekeûf kgftcf`rê ij cxpgsekeûf kijrj y prckesj `c igs bckbgs quc ij husteoequcf, y sc jmrcmjrêf igs `gkuacftgs cf quc sc ouf`c. Fg prcscftêf`gsc ij gpgsekeûf cf ci tåraefg oehj`g, quc`j errcvgkjdicacftc vcreoekj`j ij jkrckcfkej. Jrt. ;>5. ‛ [gf kjusjics `c gpgsekeûf8

: Ci pjmg `c ijs kjfte`j`cs, pgr ijs quc sc bj bckbg ci rcqucreaecftg. 4 Zuc csjs kjfte`j`cs prgkc`jf `c trjdjhgs chckutj`gs sef ci kgfscfteaecftg `ci gpgfcftc cf igs kjsgs quc cstc kgfscfteaecftg cs fckcsjreg. ; Zuc ij kugtj g kjfte`j` quc sc sgieketj cstå `cstefj`j j csj aesaj kijsc `c trjdjhgs. 0 Ij cxestcfkej `c aefcrjics suoekecftcs pjrj kudrer ij `cu`j. Jrt. ;:>. ‛ Ci sgkeg rckijajftc prcscftjrê, huftg kgf ci cskretg `c gpgsekeûf,

oejfzj pgr igs mjstgs quc sc kjuscf g pgr ijs kugtjs quc `cdjf cftrcmjrsc `cspuås `ci rcqucreaecftg bjstj ij rcsgiukeûf `coefetevj. Ci pjmg sc bjrê cocktevg se fg sc bekecrc iumjr j ij jkrckcfkej pgr rcsgiukeûf `c ij jutgre`j`, g pgr `csesteaecftg `c igs `cfufkejftcs. _E.- @c ij `esgiukeûf `c ij kgapjúáj Jrt. ;::. ‛ Ijs kgapjúájs `c aefjs sc `esucivcf8

: ^gr ci bckbg `c bjdcrsc rcufe`g cf ufj sgij pcrsgfj tg`js ijs pjrtcs `c ij aefj. 4 ^gr ci jdjf`gfg y `csjapjrg.

 

; Kujf`g, bjdeåf`gsc ograj`g ij kgapjúáj djhg cstepuijkegfcs cspckejics, sc vcreoekj jimufg `c igs bckbgs quc, kgf jrrcmig j csjs cstepuijkegfcs, prg`uzkj ij `esgiukeûf. _EE ^rcrrgmjtevjs `c ijs kgapjúájs Jrt. ;:4. ‛ Kujf`g ijs kgapjúájs kgfstcf `c @G[ (4) g PTC[ (;) pcrsgfjs, sc

ics kgfkc`crêf @G[ (4) pcrtcfcfkejs aês, oucrj `c ijs quc pgr gtrg tátuig ics kgrrcspgf`j.

[e ijs kgapjúájs sc kgapgfcf `c KSJPTG (0) g aês pcrsgfjs, tcf`rêf `crckbg j KSJPTG (0) pcrtcfcfkejs. Jrt. ;:;. ‛ Igs sgkegs fg sgf rcspgfsjdics pgr ijs gdiemjkegfcs `c ij sgkec`j`,

sefg cf prgpgrkeûf j ij pjrtc quc tecfcf cf ij aefj, sjivg se gtrj kgsj sc budecrc cstepuij`g. _EEE @c ijs kgapjúájs `c kjtcg g cxpigrjkeûf Jrt. ;:0. ‛ Ijs kgapjúájs `c cxpigrjkeûf sc kgfstetuycf pgr ci bckbg `c pgfcrsc

`c jkucr`g @G[ (4) g aês pcrsgfjs pjrj rcjiezjr ufj cxpc`ekeûf kgf ci gdhctg `c `cskudrer krej`crgs aefcrjics. Ci jkucr`g pg`rê scr `c pjijdrj g bjkcrsc kgfstjr cf cskreturj pødiekj g prevj`j. Jrt. ;:3. ‛ Kujf`g igs kjtcj`grcs g pcrsgfjs cfkjrmj`js `c bjkcr ijs

cxpigrjkegfcs fg rckedcf suci`g fe gtrj rcaufcrjkeûf, sc supgfcf sgkegs cf ig quc ciigs `cskudrjf. Jrt. ;:?. ‛ Pg`js ijs pcrsgfjs `c ij kgaetevj quc mjfcf sjijreg, kujiquecrj quc

scj ij gkupjkeûf, `cskudrcf pjrj ci caprcsjreg quc ics pjmj. [e budecrc prckc`e`g prgacsj g kgfvcfeg `cdcrê bjkcrsc kgfstjr pgr cskretg. PEPSIG R_E @c ij sgkec`j` kgfyumji Jrt. ;:=. ‛ Ij sgkec`j` kgfyumji, ig aesag quc igs `caês jktgs y kgftrjtgs `c

aefjs, cstêf suhctgs j ijs icycs kgaufcs cf kujftg fg cstå cstjdicke`g cf cstc Kû`emg, g kgftrjrác sus `espgsekegfcs. Jrt. ;:2. ‛ Igs prg`uktgs `c ijs aefjs pjrtekuijrcs `c kj`j ufg `c igs kûfyumcs,

pcrtcfckcf j ij sgkec`j`.

 

Jrt. ;:5. ‛ Pg`gs igs aefcrjics jrrjfkj`gs y cxtrjá`gs `cspuås `c ij `esgiukeûf

`c ij sgkec`j` kgfyumji, pcrtcfckcf cxkiusevjacftc ji `ucúg `c ij aefj. Jrt. ;4>. ‛ Ijs `cu`js `c kujiquecrj `c igs kûfyumcs, kgftrjá`js jftcs `ci

ajtreagfeg, sc pjmjrêf `urjftc åi, kgf igs prg`uktgs `c sus rcspcktevjs aefjs. Jrt. ;4:. ‛ Ijs pcrtcfcfkejs quc sc j`quecrcf pgr japiejkeûf, kgrrcspgf`cf

cxkiusevjacftc ji `ucúg `c ij pcrtcfcfkej preaetevj.

Jrt. ;44. ‛ Ci ajygr vjigr j`quere`g pgr ij aefj `urjftc ci ajtreagfeg,

kgrrcspgf`c ji prgpectjreg. PEPSIG R_EE @c ij cfjhcfjkeûf y vcftj `c ijs aefjs Jrt. ;4;. ‛ Ijs aefjs puc`cf vcf`crsc y trjfsaetersc kgag sc vcf`cf y

trjfsaetcf igs decfcs rjákcs. Cf kgfsckucfkej, ci `cskudre`gr `c uf krej`crg puc`c vcf`cr y trjfsaeter igs `crckbgs quc j`quecrc pgr ci bckbg `ci `cskudreaecftg. Jrt. ;40. ‛ Fj`ec puc`c kgaprjr aefcrjics j igs gpcrjregs g capicj`gs `c ufj

aefj, sef jutgrezjkeûf cskretj `c su `ucúg. Igs quc kgftrjvcfmjf ig `espucstg cf ci pêrrjog jftcregr, pjmjrêf ufj auitj kuyg agftg scrê KSJPTG (0) j PTCEFPJ (;>) vckcs ci kjfgf jfuji quc `cvcfmjrc ij aefj, `cdecf`g cadjrmjrsc igs aefcrjics bjstj quc sc prucdc quc pcrtcfckájf ji vcf`c`gr g quc cstjdj jutgrezj`g j vcf`crigs. Jrt. ;43. ‛ Ijs vcftjs y cfjhcfjkegfcs `c aefjs `cdcf bjkcrsc kgfstjr pgr

cskretg, cf efstruacftgs pødiekgs g prevj`gs. ^g`rêf cxtcf`crsc cf efstruacftg prevj`g tg`gs igs kgftrjtgs quc sc kcicdrcf jftcs `ci vcfkeaecftg `ci pijzg scújij`g pjrj ij chckukeûf `c ij ijdgr icmji. ^rjktekj`j ij acfsurj y `cajrkjkeûf `c ij aefj, csgs kgftrjtgs sc rc`ukerêf j efstruacftg pødiekg. PEPSIG R_EEE @c ij prcskrepkeûf `c ijs aefjs Jrt. ;4?. ‛ Ij prcskrepkeûf fg sc gpcrj kgftrj ci Cstj`g prgpectjreg gremefjreg `c ij

aefj.

 

Jrt. ;4=. ‛ ^jrj j`querer ijs aefjs pgr prcskrepkeûf, kgf tátuig y ducfj oc, sc

rcquecrc ij pgscseûf `c @G[ (4) júgs. ^jrj ij prcskrepkeûf sef hustg tátuig, sc fckcsetj ufj pgscseûf `c KEFKG (3) júgs. Jrt. ;42. ‛ Cf fefmufg `c igs kjsgs cxprcsj`gs cf ci jrtákuig quc jftckc`c, sc

bjrê `estefkeûf cftrc prcscftcs y juscftcs. PEPSIG RER @ci jrrcf`jaecftg `c ijs aefjs Jrt. ;45. ‛ Ijs aefjs puc`cf scr gdhctg `c jrrcf`jaecftg kgag igs decfcs rjákcs<

pcrg kgf ijs ieaetjkegfcs cxprcsj`js cf igs jrtákuigs semuecftcs. Igs jrrcf`jaecftgs `c aefjs y kjftcrjs pg`rêf kcicdrjrsc pgr pijzgs `c bjstj _CEFPC (4>) júgs. Jrt. ;;>. ‛ Ci jrrcf`jtjreg puc`c jprgvckbjr ij aefj cf igs aesags tåraefgs quc

puc`c bjkcrig ci prgpectjreg. ^crg pjrj rcdjhjr pucftcs y ajkezgs cs fckcsjreg ufj cstepuijkeûf cspckeji. Jrt. ;;:. ‛ Ci jrrcf`jtjreg `cdc ajftcfcr ci japjrg `c ij aefj y kgf`uker sus

trjdjhgs kgf jrrcmig j ijs prcskrepkegfcs `c cstc Kû`emg. Jrt. ;;4. ‛ Kujf`g bjyj recsmg `c quc ij aefj kjemj cf `csjapjrg ci prgpectjreg

puc`c pc`er ij cftrcmj `c ij aefj. @cs`c ci agacftg cf quc sc gkurrc j ij jutgre`j` bjstj quc sc `ektc prgve`cfkej pcraetecf`g g fcmjf`g ij gkupjkeûf `c ij aefj, fg kgrrcrê ci tåraefg `ci `csjapjrg. [e rcsuitjrc `ci preacr rckgfgkeaecftg quc prjktequc ij jutgre`j` kgf jrrcmig j ig `espucstg cf ci Jrtákuig 4:=, quc ij aefj fg tecfc ci kgrrcspgf`ecftc japjrg, y ci jrrcf`jtjreg fg ig cstjdickc efac`ejtjacftc y ig sgstecfc, ci prgpectjreg pg`rê bjkcr kcsjr ci kgftrjtg. Jrt. ;;;. ‛ [e ij aefj cs `cfufkej`j pgr jktgs u gaesegfcs `ci jrrcf`jtjreg, ci

prgpectjreg fg pg`rê `cocf`crsc kgf ij cxkcpkeûf `ci bckbg jhcfg, sjivg se budecsc ac`ej`g `gig g orju`c. ^crg ci jrrcf`jtjreg pjmjrê igs mjstgs `c ij `cocfsj g `ci rcskjtc `c ij aefj< y cf ci kjsg `c `ckijrjrsc ci `csjapjrg, su vjigr y igs `júgs y pcrhuekegs.

 

Jr Jrt. t. ;;0 ; ;0.. ‛ Ci jrrcf`jtjreg cs rcspgfsjdic `c igs `júgs y pcrhuekegs kjusj`gs j

gtrjs pcrsgfjs pgr bckbgs prgpegs. Jrt. ;;3. ‛ Ijs aefjs fg puc`cf sudjrrcf`jrsc sefg kujf`g cf ci kgftrjtg sc

bjyj jkgr`j`g csj ojkuitj` ji jrrcf`jtjreg. Jrt. ;;?. ‛ Ci jrrcf`jtjreg `c uf ouf`g kgaøf fg puc`c cxpigtjr ijs aefjs quc

`cftrg `c sus iáaetcs sc cfkucftrcf y quc ci prgpectjreg bjyj rcmestrj`g y cxpigtj`g.

[e `cskudrc uf krej`crg g bjy jimufj pcrtcfcfkej jdjf`gfj`j, usjrê `c igs `crckbgs quc ij icy bj cstjdicke`g cf cstgs kjsgs. Jrt. ;;=. ‛ Kujf`g sc bj cftrcmj`g ufj aefj kgf ij kgf`ekeûf `c `jr ji

prgpectjreg ufj pjrtc `c igs prg`uktgs iedrcs, ci caprcsjreg tecfc ijs aesajs gdiemjkegfcs y `crckbgs quc ci jrrcf`jtjreg. Cf kjsg `c quc sc suspcf`j ij cxpigtjkeûf, kgftrjvefecf`g j ijs cstepuijkegfcs `ci kgftrjtg, ci `ucúg puc`c rcskef`erig y kgdrjr `júgs y pcrhuekegs.

PEPSIG RR @ci `crckbg `c usuoruktg Jrt. ;;2. ‛ Ci usuoruktg `cdc kgaprcf`cr tg`j ij aefj, jufquc sc bjyj

kgfstetue`g j ojvgr `c `eocrcftcs pcrsgfjs. Ci usuoruktujreg tecfc `crckbg j jprgvckbjr igs prg`uktgs y dcfcoekegs `c ij aefj, kgag puc`c jprgvckbjrigs ci prgpectjreg. ^crg ci usuoruktujreg `c uf ouf`g kgaøf fg pg`rê cxpigtjr ijs aefjs quc cf sus iáaetcs sc kgaprcf`jf, jufquc sc cfkucftrcf cf jktuji trjdjhg. Ci usuoruktg `c aefjs pg`rê kcicdrjrsc pgr uf pijzg `c bjstj KSJTCFPJ (0>) júgs, yj oucrc kgfstetue`g j ojvgr `c ufj pcrsgfj hurá`ekj g fjturji y fg sc cxtefmuc pgr aucrtc `ci usuoruktujreg, sjivg pjktg cf kgftrjreg. Jrt. ;;5. ‛ Kujf`g ij ef`ustrej prefkepji `ci ouf`g oruktujreg scj ij cxpigtjkeûf `c

kjftcrjs g `c kujiquecr sustjfkej pcrtcfckecftc j ij tcrkcrj kjtcmgráj, ci usuoruktujreg pg`rê cxpigtjrijs, cståf g fg cf jktuji trjdjhg< sjivg kiêusuij cf kgftrjreg.

 

Cf tg`g kjsg, pg`rê tgajr igs ajtcrejics fckcsjregs pjrj ijs rcpjrjkegfcs quc cxehj ci ouf`g y pjrj ijs gdrjs quc cstå gdiemj`g j chckutjr. Jrt. ;0>. ‛ [e `urjftc ci usuoruktg sc bjkc kgfkcseûf `c ufj aefj `cftrg `ci

pcráactrg `c uf ouf`g kgaøf, ci vjigr `c ijs ef`cafezjkegfcs kgrrcspgf`ecftcs ji fg usg y jprgvckbjaecftg `ci tcrrcfg, j ij pår`e`j `c ijs kgsckbjs, j ij `cstrukkeûf g efuteiezjkeûf `c igs trjdjhgs, pcrtcfckc ji usuoruktujreg. Kgrrcspgf`c ji prgpectjreg ci vjigr `c ijs ef`cafezjkegfcs pgr ci `ctcregrg g efuteiezjkeûf `ci sucig. Jrt. ;0:. ‛ Ci usuoruktujreg puc`c `esorutjr igs pucftcs y ajkezgs kgag puc`c

bjkcrig ci prgpectjreg. Jrt. ;04. ‛ ^uc`c ci usuoruktujreg, djhg su rcspgfsjdeie`j`, `jr cf jrrcf`jaecftg

ci usuoruktg g kc`cr j gtrgs ci `crckbg `c cxpigtjr ij aefj. Jrt. ;0;. ‛ Ci usuoruktg kgfstetue`g sgdrc tg`gs igs decfcs `c ufj pcrsgfj,

kgaprcf`c ci usuoruktg `c ijs aefjs kgaprcf`e`js cf csgs decfcs. Jrt. ;00. ‛ [gf jpiekjdics ji `crckbg `c usuoruktg ijs `espgsekegfcs rcocrcftcs ji jrrcf`jaecftg kgftcfe`js cf igs Jrtákuigs ;;4, ;;;, ;;0 y ;;3. Jrt. ;03. ‛ Kgrrcspgf`cf ji usuoruktujreg ig aesag quc ji jrrcf`jtjreg, igs

`crckbgs jkgr`j`gs ji prgpectjreg cf igs kjsgs `c japiejkeûf c eftcrfjkeûf.

PEPSIG RRE @c ij efvcstemjkeûf mcgiûmekj y aefcrj j kjrmg `ci Cstj`g Jrt. ;0?. ‛ Ij efvcstemjkeûf mcgiûmekg-aefcrj `c djsc quc rcjiekc ci Cstj`g

Fjkegfji cf tg`g ci pjás y ijs quc cocktøcf ijs prgvefkejs cf sus tcrretgregs cs iedrc y fg rcquecrc pcraesg `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj. Jquciij quc rcjiekc ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji sc cocktujrê kgf kgfscfteaecftg prcveg `c ijs prgvefkejs `gf`c sc prjktekjrê ij jkteve`j`. Ij jutgre`j` prgvefkeji g, cf su kjsg, y cf ograj cxkiuycftc, ij caprcsj g cfte`j` cstjtji prgvefkeji quc tcfmj j su kjrmg ij efvcstemjkeûf pg`rê `espgfcr, ac`ejftc kgaufekjkeûf kursj`j j ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, zgfjs cxkiusevjs `c eftcrås cspckeji pjrj ij prgspckkeûf aefcrj, quc rcjiezjrê cf ograj `ercktj g kgf pjrtekepjkeûf `c tcrkcrgs.

 

Ijs zgfjs `c eftcrås cspckeji pg`rêf tcfcr cf kgfhuftg ufj cxtcfseûf aêxeaj `c KECF AEI (:>>.>>>) bcktêrcjs pgr prgvefkej y su `urjkeûf fg cxkc`crê ci pijzg eaprgrrgmjdic `c @G[ (4) júgs. Cf kjsg `c `cke`er ij eftcrvcfkeûf `c tcrkcrgs, igs grmjfesags j quc sc rcoecrc ci scmuf`g pêrrjog `c cstc jrtákuig, sef pcrhuekeg `c igs trjdjhgs prgpegs quc sc prgpgfmj `csjrrgiijr cf ci êrcj, `cdcrêf kgfvgkjr j uf kgfkursg efvetjf`g pødiekjacftc j caprcsjs j prcscftjr sus jftckc`cftcs, uf prgmrjaj `c trjdjhgs y uf kgaprgaesg `c efvcrseûf kgapjtedics kgf igs gdhctevgs `c efvcstemjkeûf prgpucstgs. Ij efvetjkeûf sc pudiekjrê pgr PTC[ (;) `ájs cf ci pijzg `c ZSEFKC (:3) `ájs cf ci Dgictáf Goekeji y cf goekefjs `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj y `ci grmjfesag kgfvgkjftc y kgftcf`rê igs gdhctevgs `c ij efvcstemjkeûf, igs rcquesetgs aáfeags quc `cdcrêf kgftcfcr ijs prgpucstjs, ci iumjr `c prcscftjkeûf, ci pijzg `cftrg `ci kuji scrêf rckede`js y ijs djscs pjrj ij kgapjrjkeûf `c ijs prgpucstjs. Kujf`g sc csteac kgfvcfecftc pg`rê gptjrsc pgr `csjrrgiijr ijs kgf`ekegfcs `ci iijaj`g cf uf piecmg. @cftrg `ci pijzg oehj`g pjrj ij prgspckkeûf, ci j`hu`ekjtjreg `c ij zgfj pg`rê sgieketjr ufg g aês pcraesgs `c cxpigrjkeûf g cocktujr ajfeocstjkegfcs `c `cskudreaecftgs, quc`jf`g suhctgs cstgs `crckbgs j ijs `espgsekegfcs mcfcrjics `ci Kû`emg `c Aefcráj, sef pcrhuekeg `c ijs gdiemjkegfcs quc pu`ecrcf kgrrcspgf`cr  cf vertu` `c ij kgfvgkjtgrej g quc rcsuitcf `c ij prgpucstj. Igs j`hu`ekjtjregs quc`jf gdiemj`gs j suaefestrjr ji grmjfesag kgfvgkjftc ij efograjkeûf y ij `gkuacftjkeûf tåkfekj gdtcfe`j cf ci kursg `c ijs ctjpjs `c ij efvcstemjkeûf, sef fckcse`j` `c rcqucreaecftg y `cftrg `c igs pijzgs quc oehc jquci grmjfesag, djhg pcfj `c ufj auitj `c bjstj _CEFPC (4>) vckcs ci vjigr `ci kjfgf `c cxpigrjkeûf quc kgrrcspgf`j j uf pcraesg `c KSJPTG (0) ufe`j`cs `c ac`e`j. Ijs êrcjs `c eftcrås cspckeji cf ijs quc fg budecsc rcjiezj`g ci Cstj`g g ij caprcsj g cfte`j` cstjtji prgvefkeji trjdjhgs `c prgspckkeûf, g cocktuj`g j`hu`ekjkeûf jimufj cf ci trjfskursg `ci preacr júg, kgftj`g `cs`c ij ockbj cf quc oucrgf `espucstjs, quc`jrêf jutgaêtekjacftc iedcrj`js. Ij jutgre`j` aefcrj `jrê kursg j ijs sgieketu`cs `c `crckbgs aefcrgs quc prcscftcf igs pjrtekuijrcs prcvej vcreoekjkeûf `c ij efcxestcfkej `c igs rcocre`gs trjdjhgs g j`hu`ekjkeûf. Ijs aefjs quc `cskudrjf igs grmjfesags jftcs acfkegfj`gs cf ci kursg `c sus efvcstemjkegfcs y, cf ijs zgfjs `c eftcrås cspckeji quc cstjdiczkjf åstgs, kujf`g fg bjyjf `j`g pjrtekepjkeûf j tcrkcrgs, `cdcrêf scr trjfsocre`js j ij jkteve`j`

 

prevj`j `cftrg `ci júg `c gpcrj`g ci `cskudreaecftg y pgr ci prgkc`eaecftg quc `ctcraefj cstc jrtákuig. Kjsg kgftrjreg, quc`jrêf jutgaêtekjacftc vjkjftcs y j `espgsekeûf `c kujiquecr eftcrcsj`g cf j`quererijs. Ijs caprcsjs g cfte`j`cs cstjtjics prgvefkejics jutgrezj`js pgr icy pjrj cocktujr cxpigrjkegfcs y cxpigtjkegfcs aefcrjs pg`rêf cfkuj`rjr sus efvcstemjkegfcs cf ijs `espgsekegfcs `ci prcscftc jrtákuig, sef pcrhuekeg `c su `crckbg j sgieketjr pcraesgs y kgfkcsegfcs kgf jrrcmig j ijs fgrajs mcfcrjics `c cstc Kû`emg. Jrt. ;0=. ‛ Ijs zgfjs `c prgtckkeûf y ijs êrcjs kgaprcf`e`js cf oufkeûf `c ijs

`espgsekegfcs `c igs jftcregrcs Pátuigs R_EEE y RER, kgftefujrêf vemcftcs bjstj ci vcfkeaecftg `c sus rcspcktevgs pijzgs, gdiemjkegfcs kgftrjá`js g prgkc`eaecftgs yj efekej`gs y bjstj ci agacftg `c su cxtefkeûf. Fg gdstjftc ciig, j igs cocktgs `c prgagvcr ij emuji`j` `c trjtjaecftg kgf ijs `espgsekegfcs `ci prcscftc Pátuig, igs grmjfesags cstjtjics `cdcrêf prgkurjr, `cftrg `ci pijzg `c @G[ (4) júgs `c ij vemcfkej `c ij prcscftc icy, trjfsograjr ijs jktujics zgfjs g êrcjs rcscrvj`js cf pcraesgs `c cxpigrjkeûf, cf ijs kgf`ekegfcs mcfcrjics cstjdicke`js cf cstc Kû`emg, j ojvgr `c igs j`hu`ekjtjregs y, `c fg bjdcrigs, j ojvgr `c tcrkcrgs, cf cstc øiteag kjsg j trjvås `c uf kgfkursg. PEPSIG OEFJI @espgsekegfcs mcfcrjics y trjfsetgrejs Jrt. ;02. ‛ Ijs sustjfkejs aefcrjics quc pgr ijs icycs jftcregrcs pcrtcfckájf ji

`ucúg `ci sucig y quc jktujiacftc cstuvecrcf cf cxpigtjkeûf, fg pg`rêf scr `cfufkej`js. Jrt. ;05. ‛ Ij zgfj `c cxpigtjkeûf `ci yjkeaecftg Kjrdgfáocrg Tág Purdeg, cf ij

^rgvefkej `c [jftj Kruz, quc`j oehj`j `cftrg `c igs semuecftcs iáaetcs8 ji Fgrtc ci ^jrjicig 3: :?' >>"< ji Cstc ci Acre`ejfg =4 ::' >>"< ji [ur y ji Gcstc ij orgftcrj kgf ij TC^SDIEKJ @C KBEIC. Ij kucfkj kjrdgfáocrj `c Tág Purdeg scrê kgfse`crj`j kgag ufj aefj kgfstetue`j pgr ufj sgij pcrtcfcfkej y su cxpigtjkeûf scrê rcjiezj`j pgr ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji, pgr eftcrac`eg `c UJKEAECFPG[ KJTDGFEOCTG[ OE[KJIC[. Ig `espucstg prckc`cftcacftc fg jocktjrê ij pcrkcpkeûf pgr ij prgvefkej `c [jftj Kruz `ci kjfgf aefcrg cstjdicke`g pgr ci Jrtákuig 4:;, `ctcraefêf`gsc ci føacrg `c pcrtcfcfkejs kgfograc j ijs `espgsekegfcs `c cstc Kû`emg.

 

Jrt. ;3>. ‛ Ij zgfj `c cxpigtjkeûf `ci yjkeaecftg ocrráocrg `c [ecrrj Mrjf`c, cf ij

^rgvefkej `c Tág Fcmrg, quc`j oehj`j `cftrg `c igs iáaetcs `c igs igtcs 4> y 4:, orjkkeûf C, Kgigfej ^jstgrei Kgrgfci Kbeijvcrt, ^rgvefkej `c Tág Fcmrg. Ij kucfkj ocrráocrj `c [ecrrj Mrjf`c scrê kgfse`crj`j kgag ufj sgij aefj, kgfstetue`j pgr ufj sgij pcrtcfcfkej y su cxpigtjkeûf scrê rcjiezj`j pgr eftcrac`eg `c BECTTG ^JPJMGFEKG @C [ECTTJ MTJF@C, [GKEC@J@ JFGFEAJ AEFCTJ. Ig `espucstg prckc`cftcacftc fg jocktjrê `crckbgs j`quere`gs fe ij pcrkcpkeûf pgr ij ^rgvefkej `c Tág Fcmrg `ci kjfgf cstjdicke`g pgr ci Jrtákuig 4:;, `ctcraefêf`gsc ci føacrg `c pcrtcfcfkejs kgfograc j ijs `espgsekegfcs `c cstc Kû`emg. Jrt. ;3:. ‛ Tcoûrajsc igs Jrtákuigs ?=, :=? y ;:4 `ci Kû`emg `c Aefcráj `chjf`g

cstjdicke`g quc ci føacrg `c pcrtcfcfkejs quc `ekbgs jrtákuigs jsemfjf j igs `cskudre`grcs y kgapjúájs scrê auitepiekj`g pgr @ECX (:>). Cf ci kjsg `c igs yjkeaecftgs `c tepg `escaefj`g `c ij preacrj kjtcmgráj, dgrjtg y ieteg, `ci Jrtákuig =?, csc føacrg sc auitepiekjrê pgr KEFKG (3) y cf igs `c sjietrcs y sjiefjs `c kgsckbj `ci Jrtákuig :2:, sc auitepiekjrê pgr @G[ (4). Jrt. ;34. ‛ Ijs aefjs cf quc sc budecrc efvcrte`g ci Kjpetji prcvestg pgr ijs

`espgsekegfcs bjstj jbgrj vemcftcs, fg cstjrêf gdiemj`js j kuapier ijs kgf`ekegfcs eapucstjs pgr igs Jrtákuigs 4:?, 4:= y 4:2 `c cstc Kû`emg. Jrt. ;3;. ‛ @cftrg `ci pijzg sc scscftj (?>) `ájs j kgftjr `c ij fgteoekjkeûf quc

rcjiekc ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, ci tetuijr `c ufj sgieketu` `c pcraesg `c cxpigrjkeûf g `c ufj ajfeocstjkeûf `c `cskudreaecftg cf trêaetc y sef pctekeûf `c acfsurj, `cdcrê prcscftjr ufj fucvj mrjoekjkeûf `c su sgieketu` y kuapier kgf ig `espucstg cf ci øiteag pêrrjog `ci Jrtákuig 03, `c kgfograe`j` kgf ijs `espgsekegfcs `c cstc Kû`emg, ef`ekjf`g ijs kggr`cfj`js `c kj`j ufg `c igs vårtekcs quc kgfograjf ci pgiámgfg, `cftrg `c kuygs iáaetcs sc cfkucftrj ci êrcj `cskretj. Ci pijzg jftcs ef`ekj`g scrê eaprgrrgmjdic y ci efkuapieaecftg `c ig `espucstg kjusjrê ci jdjf`gfg jutgaêtekg `ci trêaetc y ij iedcrjkeûf `c ij zgfj. ^rcscftj`js ijs kggr`cfj`js, ij jutgre`j` aefcrj ijs cxjaefjrê y, cfkgftrêf`gijs kgrrcktjs, gtgrmjrê ij rcspcktevj ajtrákuij kjtjstrji. Cf ci kjsg `c pcraesgs `c cxpigrjkeûf gtgrmj`gs g `c aefjs kgf pctekeûf `c acfsurj g `c aefjs acfsurj`js, ij jutgre`j` aefcrj `cdcrê cstjdickcr cf ci kjapg ijs kggr`cfj`js `c ij udekjkeûf rcji `ci pcraesg g `c ij aefj, ij kuji `cdcrê scr fgteoekj`j j su tetuijr y pgstcregracftc sc caeterê ij rcspcktevj ajtrákuij kjtjstrji, j acfgs quc ig rcjiekc `ercktjacftc ci tetuijr, cf kuyg kjsg ij

 

jutgre`j` aefcrj ijs cxjaefjrê y, cfkgftrêf`gijs kgrrcktjs, gtgrmjrê ij kgrrcspgf`ecftc ajtrákuij. Sfj vcz kgfkiue`g cf kj`j prgvefkej ci kjtjstrg `c quc trjtj cstc jrtákuig, ij udekjkeûf quc rcsuitj `c sus kggr`cfj`js pjrj kj`j `crckbg aefcrg scrê efautjdic. Pg`gs jquciigs `crckbgs aefcrgs quc pgr kjusj eaputjdic j su tetuijr fg budecrcf quc`j`g efkiue`gs cf ci kjtjstrg ji oefjiezjr åstc, sc kgfse`crjrêf efcxestcftcs pgr ci sgig aefestcreg `c ij icy y sef fckcse`j` `c jktg jimufg `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj. [ef pcrhuekeg `c ig `espucstg cf igs pêrrjogs prckc`cftcs, kj`j prgvefkej rcmuijrê ijs ctjpjs, prgkc`eaecftgs, rckursgs y `caês ajtcrejs rcijkegfj`gs ji kjtjstrg ji quc sc rcoecrc cstc Kû`emg. Jrt. ;30. ‛ Ci ^G@CT CHCKSPE_G FJKEGFJI, j prgpucstj kgfhuftj `c igs

AEFE[PCTEG[ @C @COCF[J y `c CKGFGAEJ U GDTJ[ U [CT_EKEG[ ^SDIEKG[ y cf kggr`efjkeûf kgf ijs jutgre`j`cs supcregrcs `c ijs Oucrzjs  Jraj`js, kijseoekjrê pcreû`ekjacftc ijs sustjfkejs aefcrjics cstrjtåmekjs, j igs oefcs scújij`gs cf ci prcscftc Kû`emg. Jrt. ;33. ‛ ^jrj jquciijs jkteve`j`cs kgaprcf`e`js cf ci JTPEKSIG 405, y kuyj

efekejkeûf scj jftcregr j ij vemcfkej `c ij Icy 40.323, ci kgfkcsegfjreg g tetuijr `c ij pijftj c efstjijkegfcs `cdcrê prcscftjr, `cftrg `ci júg `c su cftrj`j cf vemgr, ci efograc `c eapjktg jadecftji. Jrt. ;3?. ‛ @c kgfograe`j` kgf ig prcskreptg pgr ci jrtákuig jftcregr8

j) Igs eapjktgs errcvcrsedics c efcvetjdics prg`uke`gs fg pg`rêf jocktjr djhg fefmøf jspcktg ijs jkteve`j`cs quc sc cstuvecrcf rcjiezjf`g. d) Ijs jkkegfcs kgf`ukcftcs j ij kgrrckkeûf `c eapjktgs outurgs, kgfsckucfkej `c ij kgftefue`j` `c ijs jkteve`j`cs, scrêf cxeme`js j igs rcspgfsjdics pgr ij jutgre`j` `c jpiekjkeûf, quc`jf`g j kjrmg `c igs preacrgs ij chckukeûf `c ijs aesajs. Jrt. ;3=. ‛ Cf tjftg fg sc prgkc`j j ufj fucvj oehjkeûf `ci kjfgf igs vjigrcs

`ctcraefj`gs pgr igs Jrtákuigs 4:3 y 44: `c cstc Kû`emg scrêf `c jpiekjkeûf `c picfg `crckbg, sef pcrhuekeg `c ij j`ckuj`j `eouseûf `c igs aesags quc cocktujrc ci ^G@CT CHCKSPE_G pgr eftcrac`eg `ci AEFE[PCTEG @C CKGFGAEJ U GDTJ[ U [CT_EKEG[ ^SDIEKG[ g `ci ûrmjfg `c su `cpcf`cfkej kgf kgapctcfkej cf ajtcrej aefcrj. Jrt. ;32. ‛ J igs cocktgs `c ij kgfscrvjkeûf `c igs `crckbgs kgfkc`e`gs kgf

suhckeûf ji Kû`emg `c Aefcráj vemcftc, ijs kgf`ekegfcs oehj`js pgr igs prckc`cftcs

 

jrtákuigs capczjrêf j rcmer `cs`c ci preacrg `c cfcrg `c :5:5 (Pcxtg scmøf Icy F :>.4=;, Jrtákuig :?). Jrt. ;35. ‛ @crûmjfsc ci pêrrjog _ `ci Pátuig E_< ci jrtákuig :;=, ci efk. 4 `ci

 Jrtákuig :0=< ci Jrtákuig :?2, ci pêrrjog 4 `c ij [ckkeûf EEE, `ci Pátuig _E y ij [ckkeûf E `ci Pátuig ER y cf tg`js ijs `caês `evesegfcs `ci Kû`emg y cf igs aesags jrtákuigs ketj`gs, sc cftcf`crêf efjpiekjdics tg`js jquciijs `espgsekegfcs quc tcfmjf pgr ouf`jacftg ij cxestcfkej `c ij gdiemjkeûf `ci japjrg g pucdic `c ij aefj, kgf trjdjhg, y igs quc cstjdiczkjf, rckgfgzkjf g rcmijacftcf ci `crckbg `c `cfufkeg `c kgfkcsegfcs pgr `cspucdic (Pcxtg scmøf Icy F :>.4=;, Jrtákuig :=). Jrt. ;?>. ‛ Igs huckcs y ijs jutgre`j`cs j`aefestrjtevjs cf tjics kjsgs y aecftrjs

fg sc sjfkegfc ij rcograj mcfcrji `ci Kû`emg, jpiekjrêf ijs `espgsekegfcs `ci jktuji, tcfecf`g cf kucftj ij suprcseûf `c pucdic pgr trjdjhg y ci `cfufkeg pgr `cspucdic< y cf igs kjsgs `c seicfkeg u gskure`j` efsustetuedics, sc muejrêf pgr igs prefkepegs mcfcrjics `c cstj icmesijkeûf, pgr igs `ci Kû`emg Kevei y pgr igs `c icycs jfêigmjs. (Pcxtg scmøf Icy F :>.4=;, Jrtákuig :2). Jrt. ;?:. ‛ Ijs `espgsekegfcs `c ij prcscftc icy scrêf `c jpiekjkeûf j pjrter `c su

vemcfkej, j igs pcraesgs y kgfkcsegfcs quc sc budecrjf gtgrmj`g g cstuvecrcf cf trêaetc. Ijs ajfeocstjkegfcs `c `cskudreaecftg y `caês pc`eacftgs `c aefjs cf trjaetjkeûf, sc suhctjrêf j csjs `espgsekegfcs cf igs jktgs y prgkc`eaecftgs pgstcregrcs j ij cftrj`j cf vemcfkej `c ij prcscftc icy. Igs kgfkcsegfjregs `c aefjs pg`rêf, efkiusg, jhustjr sus ac`e`js kgfograc j ijs `espgsekegfcs `c ij prcscftc icy, fg pcrhu`ekjf`g `crckbgs j`quere`gs pgr tcrkcrgs Jrt. ;?4. ‛ Ij prcscftc icy kgacfzjrê j rcmer j igs PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs `c su

pudiekjkeûf cf ci Dgictáf Goekeji. [ef pcrhuekeg `c ciig ci ^G@CT CHCKSPE_G FJKEGFJI cijdgrjrê, `cftrg `c igs FG_CFPJ (5>) `ájs, uf tcxtg gr`cfj`g `ci Kû`emg `c Aefcráj, ac`ejftc ij cieaefjkeûf `c ijs `espgsekegfcs `crgmj`js cf `esteftjs åpgkjs y prgkc`ecf`g j ufj fucvj cfuacrjkeûf `c sus tátuigs, sckkegfcs, pjrêmrjogs y jrtákuigs cf ci gr`cf sckucfkeji quc kgrrcspgf`j. Ci tcxtg gr`cfj`g sc kgfse`crjrê kgag tcxtg goekeji `ci Kû`emg. J^CF@EKC @ci råmeacf icmji `c ijs aefjs `c pctrûicg c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs

E @crckbgs `ci Cstj`g y `c igs pjrtekuijrcs

 

Jrt. :¾ ‛ Ijs aefjs `c pctrûicg c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs sgf decfcs `ci `gaefeg prevj`g `c ij Fjkeûf g `c ijs prgvefkejs, scmøf ci tcrretgreg cf quc sc cfkucftrcf.

Jrt. 4¾ ‛ Ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji y igs Cstj`gs ^rgvefkejics puc`cf cxpigrjr y cxpigtjr aefjs c ef`ustrejiezjr, kgacrkejr y trjfspgrtjr igs prg`uktgs `c ijs aesajs `ercktjacftc g pgr kgfvcfegs cftrc se g ac`ejftc ijs sgkec`j`cs aextjs jutgrezj`js pgr cstc J^CF@EKC.

Jrt. ;¾ ‛ Ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji puc`c sgieketjr jftc ijs jutgre`j`cs prgvefkejics pcraesgs `c cxpigrjkeûf, kgfkcsegfcs `c cxpigtjkeûf `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs, kgfstrukkeûf y cxpigtjkeûf `c gicg`uktgs, cf ijs kgf`ekegfcs `ctcraefj`js pjrj igs pjrtekuijrcs.

Jrt. 0¾ ‛ Kujf`g ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji chcrzj ijs ojkuitj`cs kgfocre`js pgr ijs `espgsekegfcs prckc`cftcs, ig bjrê pgr eftcrac`eg `c Ujkeaecftgs ^ctrgiáocrgs Oeskjics. Kujf`g igs`c Cstj`gs ^rgvefkejics cstchurá`ekj aesag krcj`j `crckbg, bjrêf pgr eftcrac`eg ufj rcpjrtekeûf kgf chcrzjf pcrsgfcráj ji ig cocktg.

Jrt. Jr t. 3¾ ‛ Ci ^g`cr Chckutevg Fjkegfji pg`rê ieaetjr g prgbeder ij eapgrtjkeûf g ij cxpgrtjkeûf `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs kujf`g cf kjsgs `c urmcfkej jsá ig jkgfschcf rjzgfcs `c eftcrås pødiekg, `cdecf`g `jr kucftj `c ciig, gpgrtufjacftc, ji Kgfmrcsg.

Jrt. ?¾ ‛ Igs pjrtekuijrcs puc`cf cxpigrjr y cxpigtjr aefjs `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs kgf jrrcmig j ijs prcskrepkegfcs `c cstc Kû`emg y Icy F¾ :>.4=;, kgf ijs ag`eoekjkegfcs eftrg`uke`js cf cstc J^CF@EKC.

Jrt. =¾ ‛ [ef pcrhuekeg `c ig `espucstg cf igs jrtákuigs 44 y 4; `c cstc Kû`emg, cf ij pjrtc fg ag`eoekj`j pgr icycs pgstcregrcs, fg puc`cf j`querer pgr se fe pgr eftcrpûsetj pcrsgfj fefmufg `c igs `crckbgs aefcrgs cfuacrj`gs cf cstc  J^CF@EKC. :¾ Ijs jutgre`j`cs aefcrjs y `caês oufkegfjregs g capicj`gs `cpcf`ecftcs `c ijs aesajs, kujiquecrj scj ij fjturjiczj `c sus oufkegfcs< 4¾ Igs `ercktgrcs y capicj`gs `c caprcsjs oeskjics< ;¾ Igs Cstj`gs cxtrjfhcrgs y ijs sgkec`j`cs fg kgfstetue`js cf ij Tcpødiekj g kuyg oufkegfjaecftg kgag pcrsgfjs hurá`ekjs fg bjyj se`g rckgfgke`g pgr ijs jutgre`j`cs jrmcftefjs< 0¾ Igs cxtrjfhcrgs quc fg tcfmjf `gaekeieg rcji cf ij Tcpødiekj.

 

Ijs eftcr`ekkegfcs eapucstjs pgr igs efkesgs :¾ y 4¾ `urjrêf bjstj KEFKG (3) júgs `cspuås `c bjdcr kcsj`g cf sus oufkegfcs ijs pcrsgfjs kgaprcf`e`js cf ciijs.

EE @c ij cxpigrjkeûf Jrt. 2¾ ‛ Ij cxpigrjkeûf y cxpigtjkeûf `c ijs aefjs `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs, sc rcmerêf pgr ijs `espgsekegfcs rcocrcftcs j sudstjfkejs `c ij preacrj kjtcmgráj, cf kujftg fg cstuvecrjf ag`eoekj`js pgr cstc J^CF@EKC,

Jrt. 5¾ ‛ Ij ufe`j` `c cxpigrjkeûf pjrj be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs scrê `c @G[ AEI (4.>>>) bcktêrcjs. Ci pcraesg kgfstjrê `c ufj ufe`j` kujf`g sc sgieketc ij cxpigrjkeûf `cftrg `c uf rj`eg `c KEFKG (3) leiûactrgs `c ufj aefj `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs, jftcregracftc rcmestrj`j cf prg`ukkeûf, y bjstj `c PTC[ (;) ufe`j`cs kgftemujs oucrj `ci rj`eg ketj`g, scj quc igs tcrrcfgs cståf g fg kcrkj`gs, ijdrj`gs g kuitevj`gs y scj kuji oucrc ci føacrg `c sgieketjftcs. Ci pcráactrg `ci tcrrcfg j cxpigrjr `cdcrê tcfcr ij ograj aês rcmuijr pgsedic, scr ieaetj`g pgr KSJPTG (0) iáfcjs rcktjs y su igfmetu` fg pg`rê cxkc`cr `c @G[ (4) vckcs ci prgac`eg `c su ijtetu`< pcrg se ci pcráactrg oucrj ieaetj`g pgr gtrjs kgfkcsegfcs, g pgr ij hures`ekkeûf tcrretgreji, g pgr jkke`cftcs mcgmrêoekgs fjturjics, tcf`rê cf cstgs kjsgs ij ograj y iáaetcs cxeme`gs pgr ij supcroekec `ci tcrrcfg `espgfedic.

Jrt. :>. ‛ Ij `urjkeûf `ci pcraesg `c cxpigrjkeûf scrê `c PTC[ (;) júgs, kgacfzjf`g j kgrrcr [CE[ (?) acscs `cspuås `c gtgrmj`g ci pcraesg. @cftrg `c csc pijzg `c [CE[ (?) acscs `cdcrêf quc`jr rcjiezj`js ijs mcstegfcs j quc sc rcoecrc ci Jrtákuig 4= `c cstc Kû`emg y cocktuj`j ij `cajrkjkeûf `ci pcráactrg `c kjtcg, djhg pcfj `c kj`uke`j` se ci efkuapieaecftg oucrj eaputjdic ji sgieketjftc. [e ij kgfograjkeûf `ci tcrrcfg prcscftjrc `eoekuitj`cs pjrj su jkkcsg y ac`ekeûf y fckcsetjrc pgstcrmjrsc ij `cajrkjkeûf `ci pcráactrg `c kjtcg, pg`rê ij jutgre`j` kgapctcftc jutgrezjrij `cftrg `c uf pijzg pru`cfkeji quc fg cxkc`crê `c [CE[ (?) acscs j kuyg vcfkeaecftg kgacfzjrj j kgrrcr ci tåraefg `c ij cxpigrjkeûf.

Jrt. ::. ‛ Cf igs preacrgs @ECKEGKBG (:2) acscs `ci tåraefg `c cxpigrjkeûf, `cdcrê quc`jr efstjij`g y cf oufkegfjaecftg `cftrg `ci tcrrcfg j cxpigrjr uf cquepg pcrogrj`gr j`ckuj`g j cstj kijsc `c trjdjhg y j ij zgfj, djhg pcfj `c kj`uke`j` `c ij kgfkcseûf, sjivg kjsg ogrtuetg g `c oucrzj ajygr. [e vcfke`g ci pijzg `c cxpigrjkeûf fg sc budecrc cfkgftrj`g ci aefcrji y j huekeg `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj sc budecrjf bckbg igs trjdjhgs ograjics j ufj prgouf`e`j` suoekecftc pjrj ci bjiijzmg `ci aesag, pg`rê prgrrgmjrsc ci tåraefg pgr SF (:) júg aês.

 

[e ci kgfkcsegfjreg `ci pcraesg `c cxpigrjkeûf. vcfke`j ij prgrrgmj, fg budecrj bjiij`g ci aefcrji y ajfeocstjrj `cscgs `c kgftefujr igs trjdjhgs, pg`rê jkgr`êrscic uf fucvg pijzg `c SF (:) júg aês, secaprc quc budecrj cocktuj`g, pgr kj`j ufe`j` `c ac`e`j, @G[ (4) pcrogrjkegfcs cf kujiquecrj g kujicsquecrj `c ciijs se ci pcraesg kgaprcf`c aês `c SFJ (:) ufe`j`, j ufj prgouf`e`j` quc  husteoequc j huekeg `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, aefcrj, ij screc`j` `c `ekbgs trjdjhgs. @cftrg `ci tåraefg `c ij cxpigrjkeûf `cdcrêf bjkcrsc ijs ajfeocstjkegfcs `c `cskudreaecftg y cf su `cocktg ij kgfkcseûf quc`jrê kj`ukj `c picfg `crckbg.

Jrt. :4. ‛ Ci prgpectjreg, pgscc`gr, jrrcf`jtjreg u gkupjftc `ci sucig, fg puc`c, sef pcraesg `c ij jutgre`j` aefcrj, bjkcr pcrogrjkegfcs cf duskj `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs, sg pcfj `c fg jkgr`êrscic kgfkcseûf pjrj cxpigtjr ij aefj quc `cskudrecsc, sjivg ci kjsg `c `cskudreaecftg jkke`cftji g kjsuji pgr trjdjhgs quc fg tcfájf csc gdhctg.

Jrt. :;. ‛ Fefmøf pjrtekuijr pg`rê scr kgfkcsegfjreg g cstjr eftcrcsj`g seauitêfcjacftc cf aês `c KEFKG (3) pcraesgs `c cxpigrjkeûf `cftrg `c kj`j zgfj "rckgfgke`j" kgag pctrgiáocrj, kgfse`crêf`gsc kgag tji ij quc sc cfkucftrj kgaprcf`e`j cf uf rj`eg `c KEFKSCFPJ (3>) leiûactrgs `ci pgzg `cskudre`gr `c ufj aefj `c pctrûicg rcmestrj`j< fe cf tgtji, `cftrg g oucrj `c zgfjs "rckgfgke`js", cf aês `c @ECX (:>) pcraesgs cf kj`j ufj `c ijs prgvefkejs.

Jrt. :0. ‛ Pg`g pcraesg `c cxpigrjkeûf scrê prcvejacftc fgteoekj`g ji prgpectjreg u gkupjftc `ci sucig j igs cocktgs `c ij scmuf`j pjrtc `ci Jrtákuig ;4 `c cstc Kû`emg.

EEE @c ij cxpigtjkeûf Jrt. :3. ‛ Ij supcroekec gdhctg `c kj`j pcrtcfcfkej kgfstetuerê uf sgig kucrpg, cf

ograj kuj`rj`j g rcktjfmuijr, y cf cstc øiteag kjsg, su. jfkbg aáfeag scrê `c SF (:) leigactrg, `cdecf`g kgaprcf`cr ci pgzg `cskudre`gr udekj`g `cftrg `c ij zgfj `c cxpigrjkeûf< pg`rê cxtcf`crsc oucrj `c cstj zgfj secaprc quc budecrc tcrrcfg iedrc `c gtrjs kgfkcsegfcs. Fg rcmerêf pjrj ijs aefjs `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs fe igs `crckbgs `c japiejkeûf fe igs `c `cajsáj.

Jrt. :?. ‛ Ci `cskudreaecftg `c uf yjkeaecftg `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs quc sc ajfeoecstc kgf ijs ograjie`j`cs rcqucre`js pgr cstc Kû`emg `jrê `crckbg ji `cskudre`gr, pgr kj`j pcraesg `c cxpigrjkeûf, bjstj @G[ (4) pcrtcfcfkejs `c ZSEFECFPJ[ (3>>) bcktêrcjs kj`j ufj, quc udekjrê kgfhuftj g scpjrj`jacftc, sef `estefkeûf cftrc `cskudre`gr ef`eve`uji y kgapjúáj.

 

Jrt. Jr t. := :=.. ‛ Cf kjsg `c quc ci cxpigrj`gr cfkgftrjsc ef`ekegs kecrtgs `c cxestcfkej `c uf yjkeaecftg `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs, kgag rcsuitj`g `c sus trjdjhgs `c cxpigrjkeûf, `cdcrê ajfeocstjrig j ij jutgre`j` kgapctcftc `cftrg `ci pijzg `c PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs. Ij ajfeocstjkeûf ograji `ci `cskudreaecftg jftc ij aesaj jutgre`j` `cdcrê bjkcrsc `cftrg `ci pijzg `c FG_CFPJ (5>) `ájs. Ci efkuapieaecftg cf ufg y gtrg kjsg `c ijs `espgsekegfcs jftcregrcs scrê pcfj`g kgf ufj auitj `ci `åkupig `ci vjigr `ci kjfgf `c cxpigrjkeûf `urjftc ci tecapg `c ij `cagrj.

Jrt. :2. ‛ Ij udekjkeûf y acfsurj `c ijs pcrtcfcfkejs j quc sc rcoecrc ci Jrtákuig :3 `c cstc J^CF@EKC, `cdcrê scr sgieketj`j kgf igs rcquesetgs cstjdicke`gs cf ci  Jrtákuig 24, `cftrg `ci tåraefg `c `urjkeûf `ci pcraesg `c cxpigrjkeûf prgrrgmjdic pgr [CE[ (?) acscs kgf kjusj husteoekj`j. [e jsá fg sc bekecrj sc `jrê pgr `cseste`j ij kgfkcseûf.

Jrt. :5. ‛ Ci kjpetji aáfeag quc `cdcrê efvcrter ci kgfkcsegfjreg `c aefjs `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs cf ci pijzg, kgf`ekegfcs y sjfkeûf cstjdicke`g pgr ci jrtákuig ?¾ `c ij Icy F¾ :>.4=;, scrê `c KEFKSCFPJ (3>) pcsgs agfc`j fjkegfji pgr pcrtcfcfkej, ef`cpcf`ecftcacftc `c igs mjstgs gkjsegfj`gs cf kuapieaecftg `c ig cstjdicke`g pgr ci Jrtákuig :: `c cstc J^CF@EKC.

Jrt. 4>. ‛  Ji bjkcrsc ij jprckejkeûf `c cstjs efvcrsegfcs sc efkiuerêf ijs gdrjs cocktuj`js oucrj `ci iáaetc `c ijs aefjs, secaprc quc scjf `ercktjacftc kgf`ukcftcs ji dcfcoekeg `c ij cxpigtjkeûf. Fg sgf jpiekjdics ijs `espgsekegfcs sgdrc ijdgr icmji kgaprcf`e`js cf ci Jrtákuig ?2 y semuecftcs `c cstc Kû`emg

Jrt. 4:. ‛ Ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji g ^rgvefkeji pg`rê cxemer quc ij cxpigtjkeûf sc rcjiekc kgf ij eftcfse`j` rjzgfjdic quc kgrrcspgf`j j ij prg`ukteve`j` kgaprgdj`j `c ij kgfkcseûf, j ijs kjrjktcrástekjs `c ij zgfj, ac`egs `c trjfspgrtc `espgfedics y j ijs kgf`ekegfcs cf quc sc cfkucftrc ij ef`ustrej pctrgiáocrj `ci pjás. Ij rcsgiukeûf quc sc `ektc pgr ci ^g`cr Chckutevg Fjkegfji g ^rgvefkeji puc`c scr eapumfj`j pgr jkkeûf hu`ekeji `cftrg `c igs @ECX (:>) `ájs `c fgteoekjrsc pcrsgfjiacftc g pgr kå`uij cf ci `gaekeieg icmji kgfstetue`g cf ij sgieketu` `c cxpigrjkeûf. Ij rcsgiukeûf j`aefestrjtevj fg sc chckutjrê aecftrjs fg sc `ektc ij scftcfkej `coefetevj.

 

[e fg sc kuapiecrj ig rcsucitg `cftrg `c igs [CE[ (?) acscs `c ij fgteoekjkeûf j`aefestrjtevj g `c ij scftcfkej kgfoerajtgrej kujf`g ac`ejrc jkkeûf hu`ekeji, ij kgfkcseûf pg`rê scr `ckijrj`j kj`ukj pgr ci ^g`cr Chckutevg.

E_ Gdiemjkegfcs `c igs kgfkcsegfjregs Jrt. 44. ‛ [gf gdiemjkegfcs `c igs kgfkcsegfjregs8 j) Tcaeter ji AEFE[PCTEG @C CKGFGAEJ U GDTJ[ U [CT_EKEG[ ^SDIEKG[ y jutgre`j` aefcrj igkji8 :¾ Ijs aucstrjs tcstemgs `ci kgrtc mcgiûmekg `c ijs pcrogrjkegfcs `c cxpigrjkeûf. 4¾ Ij kgaufekjkeûf, `cftrg `c igs PTCEFPJ (;>) `ájs `c kj`j bjiijzmg, `c bgrezgftcs pctrgiáocrgs quc jtrjvecscf ijs pcrogrjkegfcs `c cxpigrjkeûf, su cspcsgr, prgdjdic rcf`eaecftg y kjie`j` `ci aefcrji. ;¾ Cf ci preacr treacstrc `c kj`j júg, ci prgmrjaj jprgxeaj`g `c trjdjhgs j `csjrrgiijr cf ci trjfskursg `ci aesag y efograc mcfcrji sgdrc ci cocktuj`g cf ci júg jftcregr. 0¾ Acfsujiacftc, ufj pijfeiij `cagstrjtevj `c ij prg`ukkeûf `c kj`j pgzg. d) Ojkeietjr j ijs aesajs jutgre`j`cs tg`j efvcstemjkeûf quc krcjf fckcsjrej pjrj kgftrgijr ci cstrektg kuapieaecftg `c cstc JKJ^EPC. k) Jscmurjr j sus capicj`gs y gdrcrgs kgftrj tg`g recsmg prgvcfecftc `ci trjdjhg `c ijs aefjs. Pg`j eforjkkeûf j cstjs `espgsekegfcs scrê kjstemj`j kgf ufj auitj `c AEI (:.>>>) j @ECX AEI (:>.>>>) pcsgs agfc`j fjkegfji. Cf kjsg `c rcefke`cfkej ci ^g`cr Chckutevg pg`rê suspcf`cr igs trjdjhgs bjstj tjftg ci kgfkcsegfjreg kuapij ijs gdiemjkegfcs eapucstjs pgr cstc jrtákuig. Cstjs pcfjie`j`cs sc jpiekjrêf sef pcrhuekeg `c ijs ac`e`js kgcrketevjs quc j`gptjrê ij jutgre`j` j`aefestrjtevj.

_ Tcscrvjs Jrt. 4;. ‛ Ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji y igs Cstj`gs ^rgvefkejics cf sus rcspcktevjs  hures`ekkegfcs, puc`cf rcscrvjr zgfjs `c cxpigrjkeûf `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs cf tecrrjs oeskjics y `ci `gaefeg pjrtekuijr, `cftrg `c ijs kujics fg sc kgfkc`crêf pcraesgs `c cxpigrjkeûf fe kgfkcsegfcs `c cxpigtjkeûf. Cstjs rcscrvjs fg sc bjrêf pgr aês `c @ECX (:>) júgs.

 

Jrt. 40. ‛ Sfj vcz quc ci cxpigrj`gr bjyj gdtcfe`g ij kgfkcseûf `c cxpigtjkeûf quc ic kgrrcspgf`j, tg`j ij cxtcfseûf sgdrjftc `c kj`j pcraesg `c cxpigrjkeûf quc`jrê kgag rcscrvj pctrgiáocrj oeskji `ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji g ^rgvefkeji. Cstjs rcscrvjs sûig scrêf cxpigrj`js y cxpigtj`js pgr ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji g ^rgvefkeji, `ercktjacftc g pgr ac`eg `c sgkec`j`cs aextjs g pgr Ujkeaecftgs ^ctrgiáocrgs Oeskjics. Fg pg`rê ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji g ^rgvefkeji ajftcfcr cstjs rcscrvjs kgag tjics pgr aês `c @ECX (:>) júgs. _cfke`g cstc pijzg, pg`rêf scr j`hu`ekj`js j pjrtekuijrcs cf ieketjkeûf pødiekj `jf`g prcocrcfkej ji cxpigrj`gr gremefjreg `c ij kgfkcseûf cf emuji`j` `c kgf`ekegfcs, y cf su `cocktg, pjsjrêf j scr zgfjs cf `espgfedeie`j`.

Jrt. 43. ‛ Ij zgfj `c rcscrvj cf ci Pcrretgreg `c Kbudut quc`j oehj`j `cftrg `c igs semuecftcs iáaetcs< ji Fgrtc ci pjrjicig 03¾, ji [ur ci pjrjicig 0?¾, ji Cstc ci Gkåjfg Jtiêftekg y ji Gcstc ci iáaetc eftcrfjkegfji kgf Kbeic. Ij zgfj rcscrvj`j cf ci Pcrretgreg `c Fcuquåf, quc`j oehj`j pgr igs semuecftcs iáaetcs< ji Fgrtc ci pjrjicig ;2¾, ji [ur ci pjrjicig 0:¾ ;>', ji Cstc ci iáaetc cftrc Fcuquåf y Tág Fcmrg bjstj ci cfkucftrg `ci rág Ieaj y ci acre`ejfg =>, semuecf`g cstc acre`ejfg bjstj ci pjrjicig 0:¾ ;>' y ji Gcstc ci iáaetc kgf Kbeic.

Jrt. 4?. ‛ Ijs rcscrvjs cxestcftcs fg jutgrezj`js pgr cstc JKJ^EPC sudsesterêf se ci ^g`cr Chckutevg Fjkegfji g ^rgvefkeji fg ijs `chj cxprcsjacftc sef cocktg `cftrg `c igs KECFPG GKBCFPJ (:2>) `ájs `c ij prgauimjkeûf `c cstj icy.

_E Kgftredukegfcs Jrt. 4=. ‛ Ci kjfgf cstjdicke`g pgr ci Jrtákuig 0¾, efkesg ;¾ `c ij Icy F¾ :>.4=;, scrê pjrj igs kgfkcsegfjregs `c cxpigrjkeûf `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs, `c SF (:) ^C[G agfc`j fjkegfji pgr kj`j bcktêrcj g orjkkeûf quc kgaprcf`j ci pcraesg kgrrcspgf`ecftc.

Jrt. 42. ‛ Ci kjfgf jfuji cstjdicke`g pgr ci Jrtákuig 0¾, efkesg :¾ `c ij Icy F¾ :>.4=;, j kjrmg `c igs kgfkcsegfjregs `c aefjs `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs, scrê `c @ECX (:>) ^C[G[ agfc`j fjkegfji pgr kj`j bcktêrcj g orjkkeûf.

Jrt. 45. ‛ Ci Cstj`g Fjkegfji g ^rgvefkeji pcrkederê kgag kgftredukeûf `c tg`j cxpigtjkeûf quc sc rcjiekc `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs `cspuås `c ij sjfkeûf `c cstc  J^CF@EKC, ci @GKC (:4) pgr kecftg `ci prg`uktg drutg.

 

Ijs cxpigtjkegfcs cxestcftcs pjmjrêf ufj kgftredukeûf emuji, pcrg se kgaprgdjrêf quc jdgfjf ufj rcmjiáj jftcregr, ci Cstj`g oehjrê ij prgpgrkeûf quc kgrrcspgf`j pjmjr ji tetuijr `c ij cxpigtjkeûf y ji `c ij rcmjiáj, `cftrg `ci pgrkcftjhc cstjdicke`g cf cstc J^CF@EKC. Cf kerkufstjfkejs cspckejics igs ^g`crcs Chckutevgs pg`rêf rc`uker ij kgftredukeûf bjstj ci aáfeag `ci GKBG ^GT KECFPG (2%). tcfecf`g cf kucftj ij kijsc y kjrjktcrástekjs `ci yjkeaecftg, ij `estjfkej y ci trjfspgrtc. Cstj kgftredukeûf scrê pjmj`j ji Cstj`g Fjkegfji g ^rgvefkeji pgr tg`g prg`uktgr, efkiusevc ijs cxpigtjkegfcs oeskjics, yj scjf bckbjs pgr Ujkeaecftgs ^ctrgiáocrgs Oeskjics g pgr kgapjúájs aextjs. Ci kgadustedic `cdc scr cftrcmj`g cf igs iumjrcs `c cadjrquc `c ij cxpigtjkeûf, cf kgf`ekegfcs kgacrkejics, `c`ukeåf`gsc ci prckeg `ci trjfspgrtc, quc fg scrê ajygr quc ig quc pjmuc ci kgfkcsegfjreg. Ci Cstj`g pg`rê cxemer ij kgftredukeûf cf cocktevg ji prckeg quc ci prg`uktg tcfmj cf ij rcmeûf. Ci Jrtákuig ; `c ij Icy F¾ :>.4=; fg remc pjrj ijs cxpigtjkegfcs `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs. Jrt. ;>. ‛ Igs prg`uktgs quc cxtrjemj ci cxpigrj`gr jftcs `c bjkcr ij

ajfeocstjkeûf `ci `cskudreaecftg. pjmjrêf ufj rcmjiáj `ci _CEFPEKEFKG ^GT KECFPG (43%). Jrt. ;:. ‛ Fefmøf gtrg eapucstg fjkegfji, prgvefkeji g aufekepji. pg`rê eapgfcrsc

j ij cxpigtjkeûf `c aefjs `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs.

_EE [crve`uadrcs y gicg`uktgs Jrt. ;4. ‛ Ijs scrve`uadrcs pjrj ij efstjijkeûf `c gicg`uktgs, kjúcrájs `c mjs u gtrjs vájs `c trjfspgrtc pjrj usg aefcrg, scrêf gtgrmj`gs `c jkucr`g ji Jrtákuig :0? y semuecftcs `c cstc Kû`emg pgr ij rcspcktevj jutgre`j` prgvefkeji, kujf`g sus rckgrre`gs fg cxkc`jf igs iáaetcs `c ij prgvefkej. ^crg se ci gicg`uktg iicmjrj j ufj cstjkeûf `c ocrrgkjrrei `c Hures`ekkeûf fjkegfji, g ci trjfspgrtc `c pctrûicg j quc cstuvecrc `cstefj`g sc vefkuijrj ji rcjiezj`g pgr uf ocrrgkjrrei `c Hures`ekkeûf fjkegfji, ij kgfkcseûf `cdcrê scr jprgdj`j pgr ci ^g`cr Chckutevg Fjkegfji. Cf tg`gs igs `caês kjsgs y kujf`g ci gicg`uktg pu`ecrj scr `cstefj`g ji trjfspgrtc eftcrprgvefkeji g eftcrfjkegfji, ij kgfkcseûf scrê gtgrmj`j cxkiusevjacftc pgr icy `c ij Fjkeûf.

 

Jrt. ;;. ‛ Ijs cxpigtjkegfcs `c gicg`uktgs scrêf chckutj`js kgag scrvekeg pødiekg y sc suhctjrêf j ijs tjreojs hustjs y rjzgfjdics jprgdj`js pgr ci Cstj`g y j ij gdiemjkeûf `c cocktujr scrvekegs `c trjfspgrtcs j igs prg`uktgs quc quecrjf uteiezjrigs cf prgpgrkeûf j su kjpjke`j`. Kujf`g ci gicg`uktg pcrtcfczkj j uf prg`uktgr, ij jutgre`j` fjkegfji g prgvefkeji tgajrê cf kucftj, cf preacr tåraefg, ij fckcse`j` `c åstc rcspcktg `c su prgpej prg`ukkeûf, pjrj oehjr ci pgrkcftjhc quc kgrrcspgf`j ji trjfspgrtc `c tcrkcrgs.

Jrt. ;0. ‛ Igs caprcsjregs `c trjfspgrtc `c be`rgkjrdurgs oiue`gs cstêf sgacte`gs, cf ig pcrtefcftc, j ijs `caês icycs quc remcf pjrj igs trjfspgrtcs pødiekgs.

_EEE [gkec`j`cs aextjs Jrt. ;3. ‛ Ij grmjfezjkeûf `c sgkec`j`cs aextjs cftrc ci Cstj`g y igs pjrtekuijrcs, jutgrezj`js pgr ci Jrtákuig 4 `c cstc J^CF@EKC, cstjrêf suhctjs j ijs kgf`ekegfcs semuecftcs8 j) Ci Cstj`g y igs pjrtekuijrcs kgftreduerêf j ij ograjkeûf `ci kjpetji sgkeji cf ij prgpgrkeûf quc kgfvcfmjf< d) Cstjs sgkec`j`cs sc rcmerêf pgr ijs `espgsekegfcs `ci Kû`emg `c Kgacrkeg sgdrc sgkec`j`cs jfûfeajs kgf ijs ag`eoekjkegfcs semuecftcs8 :¾ Ci prcse`cftc y pgr ig acfgs ci tcrkeg `ci føacrg `c `ercktgrcs quc sc oehc pgr igs cstjtutgs, rcprcscftjrêf ji Cstj`g. @cdcrêf scr jrmcftefgs y fgadrj`gs pgr ci ^g`cr Chckutevg rcspcktevg, kgf jkucr`g `ci [cfj`g g `c ij Icmesijturj. Igs `caês `ercktgrcs y ci sef`ekg scrêf fgadrj`gs pgr igs jkkegfestjs< 4¾ Ci prcse`cftc, y cf su juscfkej kujiquecrj `c igs `ercktgrcs fgadrj`gs pgr ci Cstj`g, tcf`rêf ij ojkuitj` `c vctjr ijs rcsgiukegfcs `c ijs jsjadicjs g ijs `ci `ercktgreg quc oucrjf kgftrjrejs j ij icy g j igs cstjtutgs, g quc puc`jf kgaprgactcr ijs kgfvcfecfkejs supcregrcs `ci Cstj`g. Cf cstc kjsg sc cicvjrêf igs jftckc`cftcs ji ^g`cr Chckutevg pjrj quc sc prgfufkec cf `coefetevj sgdrc ij kgfoerajkeûf g rcvgkjkeûf pgf`ecftc, ji vctg.

Jrt. ;?. ‛ Ci ^g`cr Chckutevg `ctcraefjrê cf ci `ckrctg rcmijacftjreg g cf kj`j kjsg, ci pgrkcftjhc aáfeag `c capicj`gs y gdrcrgs jrmcftefgs quc `cdcrêf gkupjr igs kgfkcsegfjregs rcspcktevgs.