Cobit 2019 Framework PDF

 

FRAMEWORK

Introductionand Methodology

PersonalCopyof:Mr.AhmedMohamedEzzatAbdelaziz

 

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COBIT 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY

AboutISACA Nearingits50thyear ,ISACA® (isaca.org)isaglobalassociationhelpingindividualsand enterprisesachievethe positivepotentialoftechnology positivepotentia loftechnology.T .Technologypowersto echnologypowerstoday’ echnologypowersto day’sworldandISACA day’ sworldandISACAequipsprofessionalswi sworldandISACA equipsprofessionalswiththe equipsprofessionalswi ththe knowledge,credentials,educationandcommunitytoadvancetheircareersandtransformtheir organizat organizations.ISACA ions.ISACA leveragestheexpertiseofits half-millionengagedprofessiona lsin lsininformationandcybersecurity informationandcybersecurity,governance, informationandcybersecurity ,governance, assurance,riskandinnovation,as wellasits wellasitsenterprise enterprise enterpriseperformance performancesubsidiary subsidiary subsidiary,CMMI ,CMMI ® Institute,tohelpadvance innovationthroughtechnology.ISACAhasa innovationthroughtechnology .ISACAhasa presence .ISACAhasa  presence  presenceinmore inmorethan than188 188 188countries,includingmorethan217 countries,includingmorethan217 chapters andofficesinboththeUnitedStatesandChina.

Disclaimer ISACAhasdesignedandcreated COBIT® 2019Framework:IntroductionandMethodology (the“Work”)primarily asaneducationalresourceforenterprisegovernanceofinformationandtechnology(EGIT),assurance,risk asan educationalresourceforenterprisegovernanceofinformationandtechnology(EGIT),assurance,risk and securityprofessionals.ISACAmakesnoclaimthatuseofanyoftheWorkwillassureasuccessfuloutcome.The Workshouldnot orkshouldnot beconsid  beconsid  beconsideredin eredinclusiveo clusiveofall fall proper  properinformation,procedures  properinformation, proceduresandtests andtestsor orexclusiveofother or exclusiveofother information,proceduresandteststhatare reasonablydirectedtoobtainingthesameresults. Indeterminingthe proprietyofanyspecificinformation proprietyofanyspeci ficinformation,procedureortest,enter  ficinformation ,procedureortest,enter   prisegovernanceofi  prisegovernanc eofinformationandte eofinformationandte nformationandtechnology chnology (EGIT),assurance,riskandsecurityprofessionalsshouldapplytheirownprofessionaljudgmenttothespecific circumstancespresentedbythe particular circumstancespresentedbythe  particularsystemso  particular systemsor rinformationtechnologyenvironment. r informationtechnologyenvironment.

Copyright ©2018ISACA.Allrightsreserved.Forusageguidelines,see www.isaca.org/COBITuse www.isaca.org/COBITuse..

ISACA 1700E.GolfRoad,Suite400 Schaumburg,IL60173,USA Phone:+1.847.660.5505 Fax:+1.847.253.1755 Contactus:https://support.isa Contactus: https://support.isaca.org https://support.isa ca.org Website:www.isaca.org ParticipateintheISACAOnlineForums: https://engage.isaca.org/onlineforums Twitter: http://twitter.com/ISACANews LinkedIn: http://linkd.in/ISACAOfficial Facebook: www.facebook.com/ISACAHQ Instagram: www.instagram.com/isacanews/

 

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INMEMORIAM:JOHNLAIN HART(1946-2018) InMemoriam:JohnLainhart(1946-2018) DedicatedtoJohnLainhart,ISACABoardchair1984-1985.JohnwasinstrumentalinthecreationoftheCOBIT ® frameworkandmostrecentlyservedaschairoftheworkinggroupfor COBIT® 2019,whichculminatedinthe creationofthiswork.Overhis fourdecadeswithISACA,Johnwas involvedinnumerousaspectsoftheassociation aswellasholdingISACA’sCISA,CRISC,CISMandCGEITcertifications.Johnleavesbehindaremarkable personalandprofessionallegacy personalandprofessi onallegacy,andhiseffortssignif icantlyimpac icantlyimpactedISACA. tedISACA.

 

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COBIT 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Acknowledgments ISACAwishestorecognize:

COBITWorkingGroup(2017COBITWorkingGroup (2017-2018) (20172018) JohnLainhart,Chair,CISA,CRISC, CISM,CGEIT,CIPP/G,CIPP/US,GrantThornton,USA MattConboy,Cigna,USA RonSaull,CGEIT,CSP,Great-WestLifeco&IGMFinancial(retired),Canada

DevelopmentT Development TD.,AntwerpManagementSchool,UniversityofAntwerp,Belgium eam StevenDeHaes,Ph. MatthiasGoorden,PwC,Belgium StefanieGrijp,PwC,Belgium BartPeeters,PwC,Belgium GeertPoels,Ph.D., GhentUniversity GhentUniversity,Belgium ,Belgium DirkSteuperaert,CISA,CRISC,CGEIT,ITInBalance,Belgium ExpertReviewers SarahAhmadAbedin,CISA,CRISC,CGEIT,GrantThorntonLLP,USA FlorisAmpe,CISA,CRISC,CGEIT,CIA,ISO27000,PRINCE2,TOGAF,PwC,Belgium ElisabethAntonssen,Nordea ElisabethAnto nssen,NordeaBank,Sweden nssen,Nordea Bank,Sweden KrzystofBaczkiewicz,CHAMP,CITAM,CSAM,Transpectit,Poland ChristopherM.Ballister,CRISC,CISM,CGEIT,GrantThornton,USA GaryBannister,CGEIT,CGMA, GaryBannister,CGEIT ,CGMA,FCMA,Austria ,CGMA, FCMA,Austria GracielaBraga,CGEIT,AuditorandAdvisor,Argentina RicardoBria,CISA,CRISC,CGEIT,COTOCICSA,Argentina SushilChatterji,CGEIT,EdutechEnterprises, Singapore PeterT.Davis,CISA,CISM,CGEIT,COBIT5Assessor,CISSP,CMA,CPA,PMI-RMP,PMP, PeterDavis+Associates,Canada JamesDoss,CISM, CGEIT CGEIT,EMCCA, ,EMCCA,PMP ,EMCCA, PMP,SSGB, PMP ,SSGB,TOGAF9,ITvalueQuickStart.com,USA ,SSGB, TOGAF9,ITvalueQuickStart.com,USA YalcinGerek,CISA,CRISC,CGEIT,ITILExpert,Prince2,ISO20000LI,ISO27001LA,TACAS.,Turkey JamesL.Golden,Golden ConsultingAssoc ConsultingAssociates,USA iates,USA J.WinstonHayden,CISA,CISM, CRISC,CGEIT CRISC,CGEIT,SouthAfrica ,SouthAfrica JimmyHeschl,CISA,CISM, CGEIT CGEIT,Red ,RedBull,Austria ,Red Bull,Austria JorgeHidalgo,CISA,CISM, CGEIT CGEIT,Chile ,Chile JohnJasinski,CISA,CRISC,CISM,CGEIT,COBIT5Assessor,CSM,CSPO,IT4IT-F,ITILExpert,LeanIT-F, MOF,SSBB,TOGAF-F, MOF, SSBB,TOGAF-F, USA JoannaKarczewska,CISA,Poland GlennKeaveny,CEH,CISSP,GrantThornton,USA EddyKhooS.K.,CGEIT,KualaLumpur,Malaysia EddyKhooS. K.,CGEIT,KualaLumpur,Malaysia JoaoSouzaNeto,CRISC, CGEIT CGEIT,UniversidadeCatólicadeBrasília,Brazil ,UniversidadeCatólicadeBrasília,Brazil TraceyO’Brien,CISA, Trace yO’Brien,CISA, CISM,CGEIT,IBMCorp(retired),USA ZachyOlorunojowon,CISA,CGEIT,PMP,BCMinistryofHealth,Victoria,BCCanada             

 

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COBIT® 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY

Acknowledgments (cont.) ExpertReviewers PeterTessin,CISA,CRISC,CISM,CGEIT,Discover,USA MarkThomas,CRISC,CGEIT,Escoute,USA JohnThorp,CMC,ISP,ITCP,TheThorpNetwork,Canada GreetVolders,CGEIT,COBITAssessor,VoqualsN.V.,B GreetVolders,CGEIT,COBITAssessor, VoqualsN.V.,Belgium elgium MarkusWalter,CISA,CISM,CISSP,ITIL,PMP,TOGAF,PwCSingapore/Switzerland DavidM.Williams,CISA,CAMS,Westpac,NewZealand GregWitte,CISM,G2Inc., GregWit te,CISM,G2Inc., USA

ISACABoardofDirectors RobClyde,CISM,ClydeConsultingLLC,USA, Chair BrennanBaybeck,CISA,CRISC,CISM, BrennanBaybeck,CISA, CRISC,CISM, CISSP CISSP,Oracle ,OracleCorporation,USA,Vice-Chair ,Oracle Corporation,USA,Vice-Chair TraceyDedrick,FormerChief Trace yDedrick,FormerChief RiskOfficerwithHudson CityBancorp,USA LeonardOng,CISA,CRISC,CISM,CGEIT,COBIT5ImplementerandAssessor,CFE,CIPM,CIPT,CISSP, CITBCM,CPP,CSSLP,GCFA,GCIA,GCIH,GSNA,ISSMP-ISSAP,PMP,Merck&Co.,Inc.,Singapore R.V.Raghu,CISA,CRISC,VersatilistConsultingIndiaPvt.Ltd.,India GabrielaReynaga,CISA,CRISC,COBIT5 Foundation,GRCP Foundation,GRCP,HolisticsGRC, ,HolisticsGRC, Mexico GregoryTouhill,CISM,CISSP,CyxteraFederalGroup,USA TedWolff,CISA,Vanguard,Inc.,USA TichaonaZororo,CISA, Ticha onaZororo,CISA, CRISC,CISM,CGEIT,COBIT5Assessor,CIA,CRMA,EGIT| EnterpriseGovernance ofIT,SouthAfrica TheresaGrafenstine,CISA,CRISC,CGEIT,CGAP,CGMA,CIA,CISSP,CPA,Deloitte&ToucheLLP,USA, ISACABoardChair,2017-2018 ChrisK.Dimitriadis,Ph.D., CISA,CRISC, CISM,INTRALOT CISM,INTRALOT,Greece,ISACABoardChair,2015-2017 ,Greece,ISACABoardChair,2015-2017 MattLoeb,CGEIT,CAE,FASAE,ChiefExecutiveOfficer,ISACA,USA RobertEStroud(1965-2018),CRISC, CGEIT CGEIT,XebiaLabs,Inc., ,XebiaLabs,Inc., USA,ISACABoardChair,2014-2015 ISACAisdeepl   ysaddenedbythepassingo  ysaddenedby thepassingo fRobertEStr oudinSeptember2018.

 

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TABLEOFCONTENTS

TABLEOFCONTENTS ListofFigures ...................................... ............................................................................ ........................................................................... .......................................................................9 ..................................9 Chapter1.Introduction .................................... ......................................................................... ........................................................................... .................................................11 ...........11 1.1   EnterpriseGovernanceofInformationandTechn 1.1 Enterprise EnterpriseGovernan GovernanceofInformationandTechn ology...... ology.................. ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ............1 11 1.2   BenefitsofInformationandTe 1.2 BenefitsofInformationandTechnologyGoverna chnologyGovernance...................................................................................1 nce...................................................................................1 1 1.3 COBITasa 1.3  COBITasa COBITasanI&TGo COBITasanI&TGo nI&TGovernance vernanceFramework.......... vernance Framework.......... Framework...................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ..........................12 ..............12 1.3.1   WhatIsCOBIT 1.3.1 WhatIsCOBITandWhatIsIt andWhatIsIt Not  Not ? ..................... ................................. ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ .................13 .....13 1.4 Structure 1.4  Structure Structureof Structureof This ThisPublication.... Publication................ Publication.... ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ................14 .14

Chapter2.IntendedAudience.......................................................................... ........................................................................................................15 ..............................15 2.1 Governance 2.1  Governance GovernanceStakeholders GovernanceStakeholders Stakeholders............ ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ......................... ......................... .......................... .........................15 ...........15

...................................... ............................................................................ .......................................................................1 .................................17 7

Chapter3.COBITPrinciples 3.1 Introduction 3.1  Introduction Introduction........... Introduction........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ....................17 ........17 3.2 SixPrinciples 3.2  SixPrinciples SixPrinciplesforaGov SixPrinciplesforaGov foraGovernanceSys ernanceSystem........ ernanceSys tem........ tem.................... ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ .....................17 .........17 3.3 ThreePrinciples 3.3  ThreePrinciples ThreePrinciples ThreePrinciplesforaGoverna foraGovernanceFramework....... foraGoverna nceFramework................... nceFramework............................... .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................18 ............18 3.4 COBIT ® 2019......................... 2019..................................... .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ................18 ....18

Chapter4.Ba Chapter4.BasicConcepts: sicConcepts:Governance GovernanceSystemand SystemandComponents Components .........19 4.1 COBITOve 4.1  COBITOve COBITOverview COBITOverview rview............ ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ......................19 ..........19 4.2 Governance 4.2  Governance GovernanceandMana GovernanceandMana andManagementO gementO bj ect iv ives. es. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. ... ... ... ... ... .. ........... ....................... ........................ ...................20 .......20 4.3   ComponentsoftheGovernanceSystem 4.3 Componentsofthe ComponentsoftheGo GovernanceSystem....................... ............ .................................. ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ .................21 .....21 4.4 Focus 4.4  Focus FocusAreas FocusAreas Areas............. ............. ......................... ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ..................22 ......22 4.5 DesignFac 4.5  DesignFac DesignFactors DesignFactors tors........... ....................... ................................... ........................ .......................... ........................... ......................... ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ................23 ....23 4.6 Goals 4.6  Goals GoalsCascade...... GoalsCascade...... Cascade.................. ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ......................28 ..........28 4.6.1 Enterprise Goals ...................... .................................. ........................ .......................... ........................... ......................... ........................ .......................... .......................... ..................29 ......29 4.6.2   Alignment AlignmentGoals Goals.................. .............................. ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ....................30 ........30

.........................33 5.1 Purpose........... Purpose....................... ........................ .......................... ........................... ......................... ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ...............33 33

Chapter5.COBITGovernanceandManagementObjectives Chapter6.PerformanceManagementinCOBIT

.........................................................37

6.1 Definition 6.1  Definition Definition............ Definition............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ......................37 ..........37 6.2 COBITPerformanc 6.2  COBITPerformanc COBITPerformanceMana COBITPerformanceMana ementPrinci   les les........... ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ......................37 ..........37

 

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COBIT 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY 8.2.1   Phase1—What 8.2.1 Phase1—WhatArethe AretheDrivers? Arethe Drivers? ........................ ............ ........................ ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ...................50 ...................50 .......50 .......50 8.2.2   Phase2—Where 8.2.2 Phase2—WhereAreW AreWeNow? AreW eNow? ............. ......................... ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ......................... ......................50 .........50 8.2.3   Phase3—WhereDoWe 8.2.3 Phase3—WhereDoWeWant WanttoBe? Want toBe? ........................ ............ ........................ ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... ......................... ......................... ......................... ......................... .............51 .............51 .51 .51 8.2.4   Phase4—WhatNeeds 8.2.4 Phase4—WhatNeedstoBe Phase4—WhatNeedstoBe toBeDone? Done? ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ................51 ....51 8.2.5   Phase5—HowDo 8.2.5 Phase5—HowDoWe WeGetThere? We GetThere? ....................... ........... ....................... ........... ........................ ........................ ......................... ......................... ........................... ........................... .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ..................51 ..................51 ......51 ......51 8.2.6   Phase6—DidW 8.2.6 Phase6—DidW Phase6—DidWeGet eGetThere? There? ........... ........................ ........................ ........... ......................... ......................... ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ .........................5 .........................5 .............51 .............51 11 8.2.7   Phase7—HowDo 8.2.7 Phase7—HowDoWe WeKeeptheMomentum We KeeptheMomentumGoing? KeeptheMomentum Going? ........... ....................... ........................ ......................... ........................... .......................... .................51 .....51 8.3   Relationship RelationshipBetween Between COBIT® 2019DesignGuide   and COBIT® 2019ImplementationGuide   .......................52 .......................52

Chapter9.GettingStartedWithCOBIT:MakingtheCase ...............................53 9.1 BusinessCase Business Case ........... ....................... ....................... ........... ........................ ........................ ......................... ......................... ........................... ........................... .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ................53 ................53 ....53 ....53 9.2 ExecutiveSummary Executive Summary ......................... ............. ......................... ............. ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ......................... ......................... ........................... ........................... .......................... .......................... ..................53 ..................53 ......53 ......53 9.3 Background Background........... ....................... ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ .....................54 .........54 9.4  Business Business BusinessChallenge Challenges............ Challenges........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ...................55 .......55 9.4.1 Gap 9.4.1  Gap Gap GapAnalysisa AnalysisandGoal Analysisa ndGoal ........................ ..................................... ......................... .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................... .....................55 ......55 9.4.2 Alternatives Considered ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ........................... .....................56 ......56 9.5  Proposed Proposed ProposedSolution Solution ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ......................56 ..........56 9.5.1 Phase 9.5.1  Phase Phase Phase1. 1. Pre-planning ....................... ........... ....................... ........... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................56 ........................56 .........56 .........56 9.5.2 Phase 9.5.2  Phase Phase Phase2. 2. ProgramImplementation ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ...................57 .......57 9.5.3ProgramScope ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ...................57 .......57 9.5.4 ProgramMet 9.5.4  ProgramMet ProgramMet ProgramMethodologyand hodologyandAlignment hodologyand Alignment........................ .................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ............57 57 9.5.5 Program Deliverables ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................58 .........58 9.5.6ProgramRisk......................... ..................................... ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ......................... ........................... .......................... ....................58 ........58 9.5.7 Stakeholders ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... .....................59 .........59 9.5.8 Cost-Benefit 9.5.8  Cost-Benefit Cost-Benefit Cost-BenefitAnalysis Analysis ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................59 .........59 9.5.9   Challengesand 9.5.9 ChallengesandSuccess SuccessFactors Factors ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ......................60 ..........60

Chapter10.COBITandOtherStandards ............................................................................63 10.1   GuidingPrinciple 10.1 Guiding Principle Principle............. ......................... ..................................... ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ......................... ........................... .......................... ....................63 ........63 10.2 Listof 10.2  Listof ListofReferenced ListofReferenced ReferencedStandards Standards............ Standards ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ .......................... ..................63 ....63

 

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LISTOFFIGURES

LISTOFFIGURES Chapter1.Introduction Figure1.1—TheContext ofEnterpriseGovernanceof InformationandTechn InformationandTechnology........... ology....................... ology........... ........................ ........................... ................11 .11

Chapter2.IntendedAudience Figure2.1—COBITStakeholders........ Figure2.1—COBIT Stakeholders.................... ......................... ......................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ..................15 ......15

Chapter3.COBITPrinciples Figure3.1—GovernanceSystemPrinciples Figure3.1—Governa nceSystemPrinciples ........................ .................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ........................17 ............17 Figure3.2—GovernanceFramework Figure3.2—Governance FrameworkPrinciples..... Principles.................. ......................... ........................ ........................ .......................... ........................... ......................... ........................ ............18 18

Chapter4.BasicConcepts:GovernanceSystemandComponents Figure4.1—COBIT Figure 4.1—COBITOverview 4.1—COBIT Overview ......................... ............. ......................... ............. ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ......................... ......................... ........................... ........................... .......................... .......................... ................19 ................19 ....19 ....19 Figure4.2—COBITCoreModel Figure4.2—COBI TCoreModel ....................... ................................... ......................... ........................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ..............21 ..21 Figure4.3—COBITComponentsofaGoverna Figure4.3—COBITComp onentsofaGovernanceSystem onentsofaGoverna nceSystem ........................ ............ ........................ ............ ......................... ......................... ......................... ......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ .............22 .............22 .22 .22 Figure4.4—COBITDesig Figure4.4—C OBITDesignFactors OBITDesig nFactors ....................... ........... ....................... ........... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................23 ........................23 .........23 .........23 Figure4.5—EnterpriseStra Figure4.5—Ente rpriseStrategyDesign tegyDesignFactor........ Factor.................... ......................... ......................... ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ .......................23 ...........23 Figure4.6—EnterpriseGoalsDesignFactor..............................................................................................................24 Figure4.7—Risk Figure4.7—RiskProfileDesi ProfileDesignFactors gnFactors(ITRisk (ITRiskCategories Categories) Categories) ........................ ............ ........................ ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................... ........................... ....................24 ....................24 ........24 ........24 Figure4.8—I&T-RelatedIssuesDesign Figure4.8—I&T -RelatedIssuesDesign Factor........ Factor.................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ .......................25 ...........25 Figure4.9—ThreatLandsca pe  pe De sig nF act or  or ........... ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ......................25 ..........25 Figure4.10—ComplianceRequirementsDesignFactor  Figure4.10—Complian ceRequirementsDesignFactor ....................... ................................... ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ...................26 .......26 Figure4.11—RoleofITDe Figure4.1 1—RoleofITDesignFactor  1—RoleofITDe signFactor ............. ......................... ......................... ............. ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ..................26 ..................26 ...26 ...26 Figure4.12—SourcingModelforITDesignFactor  Figure4.12—SourcingMode lforITDesignFactor ............ lforITDesignFactor  ........................ ..................................... ......................... .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ............26 26 Figure4.13—ITImplementationMethodsDesignFactor...........................................................................................27 Figure4.14—TechnologyAdoptio Figure4.14—Tech nologyAdoptionStrategy nologyAdoptio nStrategy DesignFactor  DesignFactor ........... ....................... ................................... ........................ .......................... ........................... ......................... .............27 .27 Figure4.15—Enterprise Figure4.15—EnterpriseSize SizeDesignFacto DesignFactor  DesignFactor  r ........... ........... ....................... ........................ ........................ ........................... ........................... ........................ ........................ ........................27 ............27 Figure4.16—COBITGoalsCascade Figure4.16—COBITGo alsCascade ............ ........................ ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................ ........................ ........................... .......................28 ........28 Figure4.17—GoalsCascade:EnterpriseGoalsandMetrics.......................................................................................29 Figure4.18—GoalsCascade:Ali Figure4.18—GoalsCas cade:AlignmentGoalsandMetric cade:Ali gnmentGoalsandMetricss ........... gnmentGoalsandMetric ....................... ....................... ........... ........................ ........................ ........................ ........................ .......................... .......................... ........................... ........................... ......................... ......................... ............30 ............30 30 30

Chapter5.COBITGovernanceandManagementObjectives Figure5.1—COBITCoreModel:GovernanceandManagementObjectivesand Purpose...................... Purpose.................................. ......................33 ..........33

Chapter6.PerformanceManagementinCOBIT

 

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CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION Chapter1 Introduction 1.1 Enterprise EnterpriseGovernance Governanceof Governance ofInformation of Informationand Information andT and Technolo echnology gy Inthelightofdigitaltransformation,informationandtechnology(I&T)havebecomecrucialinthe Inthelight ofdigitaltransformation,informationandtechnology(I&T)havebecomecrucialinthe support, sustainabilityandgrowthofenterprises.Previously,governingboards(boardsof directors)andseniormanagement coulddelegate,ignoreoravoid I&T I&T-relateddecisions.Inmostsectors -relateddecisions.Inmostsectors andindustries,suchattitudesare nowilladvised.Stakeholdervaluecreation(i.e.,realizingbenefitsatan optimalresourcecostwhileoptimizingrisk)is often drivenbyahighdegreeofdigitizationin drivenbya highdegreeofdigitizationin newbusinessmodels,efficientprocesses,successfulinnovation,etc. DigitizedenterprisesareincreasinglydependentonI&Tforsurvivaland growth. GiventhecentralityofI&Tfor enterpriseriskmanagementandvaluegeneration,aspecificfocus onenterprise governanceofinformationandtechnolog y(EGIT)hasarisenoverthe lastthreedecades.EGITisanintegralpartof corporategovernance.Itisexercisedby theboardthatoversees thedefinitionandimplementationofprocesses, structuresandrelationalmechanismsintheorganizationthatenablebothbusiness andITpeopleto andITpeopletoexecutetheir executetheir responsibilitiesin responsibilitie sinsupportofbusiness/ITalignmentandthe sin supportofbusiness/ITalignmentandthe creationofbusinessvaluefrom I&T I&T-enabledbusiness -enabledbusiness investments( figure1.1).

Figure1.1—TheContext ofEnterpriseGovernanceof InformationandTechno InformationandTechnology logy

Enterprise GovernanceofIT

Business/IT Alignment

Value Creation

Source:DeHaes,Steven;W.VanGrembergen; EnterpriseGovernanceof EnterpriseGovernanceofInformationTechnology:Achieving InformationTechnology:AchievingAlignmentandValue AlignmentandValue, FeaturingCOBIT5,2 nd ed.,SpringerInternationalPublishing,Switzerland,2015, https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319145464

Enterprisegovernanceofinformationandtechnologyiscomplexand multifacet multifaceted.Thereisno ed.Thereisnosilverbullet(orideal ed.Thereisno silverbullet(orideal                

 

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COBIT 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY andwithinbudget,that generatetheintendedfinancialandnonfinancialbenefits.ThevaluethatI&Tdelivers shouldbealigneddirectlywiththevaluesonwhichthebusinessis focused.ITvalueshouldalsobemeasuredina waythatshows theimpactandcontributionsofIT-enabl theimpactandcontributionsofIT-enabledinvestmentsinthe edinvestmentsinthe valuecreationprocessofthe enterprise. 



Riskoptimization—Thisentailsadd —Thisentailsaddressingthebusinessriskassoc ressingthebusinessriskassociatedwiththeuse,owne ressingthebusinessriskassoc iatedwiththeuse,ownership,operation, iatedwiththeuse,owne rship,operation, involvement,influenceandadoptionofI&Twithinanenterprise.I&T-relatedbusinessriskconsistsofI&T-related eventsthatcouldpotentiallyimpactthebusiness.Whilevalue deliveryfocusesonthe   creation ofvalue,risk ion ofvalue.ThemanagementofI&T-relatedriskshouldbeintegratedwithin managementfocusesonthe preservat ion theenterpriseriskmanagementapproac htoensurea focusonITbytheenterprise.Its houldalsobemeasuredina waythatshows theimpactandcontributionsofoptimizingI&T- relatedbusinessriskon relatedbusinessriskon preserving  preservingvalue.  preserving value. Resourceoptimization—Thisensuresthatth —Thisensuresthattheappropriateca eappropriateca pabilitiesareinp  pabilitiesareinplacetoexecute lacetoexecutethestrategicpla thestrategicplan thestrategicplan andsufficient,appropriateandeffectiveresourcesareprovided.Resourceoptimizationensuresthatanintegrated, economicalITinfrastructur eis economicalITinfrastructur  eis provided, eis  provided,newt  provided,newtechnology echnologyisintrodu isintroducedas cedas cedasrequiredbythebusiness, requiredbythebusiness, andobsolete systemsareupdatedorreplaced.Becauseitrecognizestheimportanceofpeople,inadditiontohardwareand software,itfocuseson providing software,itfocuseson  providing  providingtraining, training,promoting promotingretention retentionanden andensuringco suringcompetence mpetenceofkey ofkeyIT IT personnel. IT personnel.  personnel.An An importantresourceisdataand information,andexploitingdataandinformationtogain optimalvalueisanother keyelementofresourceoptimization. keyelementof resourceoptimization.

Strategicalignmentandperformancemeasureme ntareof ntareof paramount  paramount  paramountimportance importanceanda andapplyove pplyoverallto ralltoall allactivitiesto all activitiesto ensurethatI&T-relatedobjectivesarealignedwiththeenterprisegoals. Inalargecasestudyofaninternationalairlinecompany,EGIT’sbenefitsweredemonstratedtoinclude:lowerITrelatedcontinuitycosts,increasedIT-enabledinnovationcapacity,increasedalignmentbetweendigitalinvestments andbusinessgoals andstrategy andstrategy,increasedtrustbetweenbusiness ,increasedtrustbetweenbusiness andIT,andashifttoward a“valuemindset”around di ita ital lass assets ets.. 2 2

 

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CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION 1.3.1 What WhatIs Is IsCOBIT COBITand COBIT andWhat and WhatIs What IsIt IsItNot? ItNot?

BeforedescribingtheupdatedCOBITframewor k,itis BeforedescribingtheupdatedCOBITframewor  k,itis importanttoexplainwhatCOBITisandisnot: 4 4

COBITisaframeworkforthegovernanceandmanagementofenterpriseinformationandtechnology, aimedatthe wholeenterprise.EnterpriseI&Tmeansallthetechnologyand informationprocessingtheenterpriseputsinplace to achieveitsgoals,regardlessofwherethishappensinthe enterprise.Inotherwords,enterpriseI&Tisnotlimitedto theITdepartmentofanorganizati theITdepartmentofan organization,butcertainlyincludesit. organizati on,butcertainlyincludesit. TheCOBITframeworkmakesaclear distinctionbetweengovernanceandmanagement .Thesetwo .Thesetwodisciplines disciplines encompassdifferentactivities,requiredifferentorganizatio nalstructuresand servedifferentpurposes. 

Governance ensuresthat: 

Stakeholderneeds,conditionsandoptionsare evaluatedtodeterminebalanced,agreed-onenterpriseobjective s.



Directionissetthrough prioritizatio Directionissetthrough  prioritizationanddecision  prioritizatio nanddecisionmaking. nanddecision making.



Performanceandcompliancearemonitoredagainst agreed-ondirectionandobjectives.

Inmostenterprises,overallgovernanceistheresponsibilityoftheboardofdirectors,undertheleadershipofthe chairperson.Specificgovernanceresponsibilitiesmaybe delegatedtospecialorganizationalstructuresatan appropriatelevel,particularlyin larger , ,complexenterprises. complexenterprises. 

Management plans,builds,runsandmonitorsactivities,inal orsactivities,inalignmentwiththedi ignmentwiththedirectionsetbythegov ignmentwiththedi rectionsetbythegovernance rectionsetbythegov ernance body,toachievetheent body ,toachievetheenterpriseobjective ,toachievetheent erpriseobjectives. erpriseobjective s.

Inmostenterprises,managementisthe responsibilityoftheexecutivemanagement,undertheleadershipofthe chief  

 

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COBIT 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY 1.4 Structure Structureof ofThis of ThisPublication This Publication

Theremainderofthis publication Theremainderofthis  publicationcontains  publicationcontainsthefollow thefollowingch ingchapters: apters:  



 

Chapter2discussesthetargetaudienceforCOBIT. Chapter3explainsthe principles Chapter3explainsthe  principles  principlesforgove forgovernance rnancesystemsfor systemsforI&T, I&T,andthe andtheprincip principlesfor lesforgoodgovernance lesfor goodgovernance frameworks. Chapter4explainsthebasicconceptsandterminologyofCOBIT withits40governanceandmanagementobjective withits40 governanceandmanagementobjectives. governanceandmanagementobjective s.

®

2019,includingtheupdatedcore COBITmodel

Chapter5elaboratesonthe 40governanceandmanagementobjectives. Chapter6explainshow performance Chapter6explainshow  performance  performancemonitoring monitoringinCO inCOBIT BIT® 2019isconceivedand, inparticular,howCapability MaturityModelIntegration(CMMI ®)-inspiredcapabilitylevelsare introduced.



Chapter7containsabriefintroductionandoverviewoftheworkflowofthe COBIT® 2019DesignGuide 2019DesignGuide..



Chapter8containsabriefintroductionandoverviewofthe COBIT® 2019ImplementationGuide .





Chapter9containsa detailedexampletoillustratemakingthecasefor theadoptionandimplementationofCOBIT inanenterprise. Chapter10liststhestandards,frameworksandregulationsthathavebeenusedduringthedevelopmentofCOBIT 2019.

®

 

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CHAPTER2 INTENDEDA INTENDED AUDIENCE Chapter2 IntendedAudience 2.1 Governance GovernanceStakeholders Stakeholders ThetargetaudienceforCOBITisthe stakeholdersforEGITand,by extension,stakeholdersforcorporate governance.Thesestakeholder sand sand thebenefitstheycangain fromCOBITareshown in figure2.1. sandthebenefitstheycangain

Figure2.1—COBITStakeholders Figure2.1—COBIT Stakeholders Stak eholder Boards ExecutiveManagement BusinessManagers ITManagers

AssuranceProviders

Benefit of CO  BIT InternalStakeholders ProvidesinsightsonhowtogetvaluefromtheuseofI&Tandexplains relevantboardresponsibilities Providesguidanceonhowtoorganizeandmonitorperformanceof I&T acrosstheenterprise HelpstounderstandhowtoobtaintheI&Tsolutionsenterprisesrequire andhowbestto exploitnewtechnologyfornew strateg strategicopportunities icopportunities ProvidesguidanceonhowbesttobuildandstructuretheITdepartment, manageperformanceofIT,runanefficientandeffectiveIToperation, controlITcosts,alignITstrategytobusinesspriorities,etc. Helpstomanagedependencyonexternalserviceproviders,get assuranceoverIT,andensuretheexistenceofaneffectiveandefficient systemofinternalcontrols

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®

COBIT 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY

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CHAPTER3 COBITPRINCIPLES Chapter3 COBITPrinciples 3.1 Introd 3.1 Introduct uction ion COBIT® 2019wasdevelopedbasedontwosets ofprinciples:  

Principlesthatdescribethecorerequirementsof a governancesystem forenterpriseinformationand technology Principlesfora governanceframework thatcanbeusedtobuild agovernancesystemfortheenterprise

3.2 Six SixPrinciple Principles Principle sfor sfor fora a aGovernance GovernanceSystem Governance System

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COBIT® 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY 3.3 Three ThreePrinciple Principles Principle sfor sfor fora aGovernance aGovernance GovernanceFramework Framework Thethreeprinciplesforagovernanceframeworkare( figure3.2): 1.

Agovernanceframeworkshouldbebasedon aconceptualmodel,identifyingthekeycomponentsand relationshipsamongcomponents,to maximizeconsistencyandallowautomation.

2.

Agovernanceframeworkshouldbeopenandflexible.Itshould Agovernanc eframeworkshouldbeopenandflexible.Itshould allowtheadditionofnewcontentandtheability toaddressnewissuesinthe toaddressnew issuesinthe mostflexibleway,whilemaintainingintegrityandconsistency .

3.

Agovernanceframeworkshouldaligntorelevantmajorrelatedstandards,frameworksand regulations. Figure3.2—GovernanceFramework Principles

 

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CHAPTER4 BASICCONCEPTS:GOVERNANCESYSTEMANDCOMPONENTS Chapter4 BasicConcepts:GovernanceSystemandComponents 4.1 COBIT COBITOverview Overview TheCOBIT® 2019productfamilyis open-endedanddesignedforcustomization.Thefollowingpublicationsare currentlyavailable: 7 1

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COBIT® 2019Framework:Introductionand 2019Framework:Introductionand Methodology  Methodology introducesthekeyconceptsofCOBIT ® 2019. COBIT® 2019Framework:GovernanceandManagementObjectives comprehensive comprehensivelydescribesthe40 lydescribesthe40 core governanceandmanagementobjectives,theprocessescontainedtherein,andotherrelatedcomponents.Thisguide alsoreferencesotherstandardsand frameworks. COBIT® 2019DesignGuide: 2019DesignGuide: Designinga  DesigninganInformation  DesigninganInformationand and andT  T echnologyGovernanceSolution exploresdesign

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COBIT® 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY Thecontentidentifiedasfocusareasin figure4.1 willcontainmoredetailedguidanceonspecificthemes.

8 2

COBIT® 2019isbasedonCOBIT ® 5andotherauthoritativesources.COBITisalignedtoanumberof related standardsandframeworks.ThelistofthesestandardsisincludedinChapter10.Theanalysisof relatedstandards andCOBIT’salignmenttothemunderlyCOBIT’sestablishedpositionofbeingtheumbrellaI&Tgovernance framework. Inthefuture,COBITwillcalluponits usercommunitytoproposecontentupdates,tobeappliedascontrolled contributionsonacontinuousbasis,tokeepCOBITupto datewiththelatestinsightsandevolutions. ThefollowingsectionsexplainthekeyconceptsandtermsusedinCOBIT

4.2 Governance Governanceand andManagement and ManagementObjectives Management Objectives

®

2019.

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CHAPTER4 BASICCONCEPTS:GOVERNANCESYSTEMANDCOMPONENTS

Figure4.2—COBITCoreModel

EDM01—Ensured Governance FrameworkSetting andMaintenance

APO01—Managed

I&TManagement Framework

APO08—Managed

Relationships

EDM02—Ensured

BenefitsDelivery

APO02

—Managed Strategy

APO09—Managed

Service Agreements

APO03—Managed

Enterprise Architecture

EDM04—Ensured

EDM03—Ensured RiskOptimization

APO04

—Managed Innovation

Resource Optimization

APO05

—Managed Portfolio

EDM05—Ensured

Stakeholder Engagement

APO06

APO07

—Managed BudgetandCosts

—Managed HumanResources MEA01—Managed

Performanceand Conformance Monitoring APO10—Managed

APO11—Managed

Vendors

Quality

APO12—Managed

APO13—Managed

Risk

Security

APO14—Managed

Data

MEA02—Mana

ed

 

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®

COBIT 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY 

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Culture,ethicsandbehavior ofindividualsandoftheenterpriseareoftenunderestimatedasfactorsinthe successofgovernanceandmanagementactivities. successof governanceandmanagementactivities. People,skillsandcompetencies arerequiredforgood decisions,executionofcorrectiveactionandsuccessful completionofallactivities. completionofall activities.

 

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CHAPTER4 BASICCONCEPTS:GO BASICCONCEPTS: GOVERNANCESYSTEMANDCOMPONENTS GO VERNANCESYSTEMANDCOMPONENTS Thenumberoffocusareasisvirtuallyunlimited.ThatiswhatmakesCOBITopen-ended.Newfocusareascanbe addedasrequiredor assubjectmatterexpertsand assubjectmatterexpertsand practitioner   practitioner scontributetothe open-endedCOBITmodel.

4.5 Design DesignF Factors

 

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®

COBIT 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY 2. Enterprisegoals supportingtheenterprisestrategy—Enterpri sestrategyis realizedbytheachievementof(a set of)enterprisegoals.Thesegoals aredefinedinthe aredefinedintheCOBITframework,structuredalongthebalancedscorecard COBITframework,structuredalongthebalancedscorecard (BSC)dimensions,andincludetheelementsshownin figure4.6.

Figure4.6—EnterpriseGoalsDesign Factor

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CHAPTER4 BASICCONCEPTS: GO GOVERNANCESYSTEMANDCOMPONENTS VERNANCESYSTEMANDCOMPONENTS 4. I&T-relatedissues—Arel —ArelatedmethodforanI& atedmethodforanI&Triskassessmentf  atedmethodforanI& Triskassessmentf ortheenterpriseistoc ortheenterpriseistoconsiderwhichI&T onsiderwhichI&Trelatedissuesitcurrentlyfaces,or,inotherwords,whatI&T-relatedriskhasmaterialized.Themostcommonofsuch issues15 includethosein figure4.8. 9

 

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®

COBIT 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY 6. Compliancerequirements—Thecomplian —Thecompliancerequirement cerequirementstowhichtheenterpri cerequirement stowhichtheenterpriseissubjectcanbecl stowhichtheenterpri seissubjectcanbeclassified seissubjectcanbecl assified accordingtothecategorieslistedin figure4.10 .

Fi ure ure4. 4.10 10—C —Com om lian liance ceRe ui uire reme ment nts sDe Desi si n nFa Fact ctor or

 

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COBIT 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY

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CHAPTER10 COBITANDOTHERSTANDARDS Chapter10 COBITandOtherStandards 10.1 Guiding GuidingPrinciple Principle OneoftheguidingprinciplesappliedthroughoutthedevelopmentofCOBIT Oneofthe guidingprinciplesappliedthroughoutthedevelopmentofCOBIT ® 2019wastomaintainthepositioning ofCOBITasanumbrellaframework.ThismeansthatCOBITcontinuestoalignwithanumberofrelevant standards,frameworksand/orregulations. Inthiscontext,alignmentmeansthat COBITdoesnotcontradictany guidanceintherelatedstandards.Atthesame time,itisimportanttorememberthatCOBITdoesnotcopythecontentsof theserelatedstandards.Instead,it usuallyprovidesequivalentstatementsorreferencestorelatedguidance.

10.2 List Listof ofReferenced of ReferencedStandards Referenced Standards StandardsandguidanceusedduringthedevelopmentoftheCOBIT 



®

2019updateinclude:

CIS® CenterforInternetSecurity ®, TheCISCriticalSecurityControlsfor TheCISCriticalSecurityControlsfor Effective  EffectiveCyber  Effective CyberDefense, Defense, Version6.1, August2016 Cloudstandardsandgood practices: Cloudstandardsandgood  practices: 

AmazonWebServices(AWS®)



SecurityConsiderationsforCloudComputing,ISACA SecurityConsiderationsforCloudComputing ,ISACA



ControlsandAssuranceintheCloud:UsingCOBIT® 5,ISACA



CMMI® CybermaturityPlatform,2018



CMMI® DataManagementMaturity(DMM) SM model,2014



CMMI® DevelopmentV2.0,CMMIInstitute,USA,2018



CommitteeofSponsoringOrganizations(COSO)EnterpriseRiskManagement(ERM)Framework,June 2017



EuropeanCommitteeforStandardization(CEN), e-CompetenceFramework(e-CF)-A commonEuropean FrameworkforICTPr ofessionalsinallindust rysectors-Part1:Framework,EN16234-1:2016



HITRUST® CommonSecurityFramework,version9,September2017



InformationSecurityForum(ISF), TheStandardofGood TheStandardofGood Practice  PracticeforInforma  PracticeforInformationSe tionSecurity20 curity2016 16



InternationalOrganizationfor InternationalOrganizati onforStandardizat onfor Standardization/ Standardizat ion/InternationalElectrotech ion/ InternationalElectrotechnicalCommission(ISO/IEC) InternationalElectrotech nicalCommission(ISO/IEC) standards 

 

ISO/IEC20000-1:201 ISO/IEC 20000-1:2011(E) 20000-1:201 1(E) ISO/IEC27001:2013/Cor  ISO/IEC 27001:2013/Cor .2:2015(E) ISO/IEC27002:2013/Cor  ISO/IEC 27002:2013/Cor .2:2015(E)



ISO/IEC27004:2016(E)



ISO/IEC27005:201 ISO/IEC 27005:2011(E) 27005:201 1(E)



ISO/IEC38500:2015(E)



ISO/IEC ISO/I EC3850 38502:20 2:2017 17 E

 

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®

COBIT 2019FRAMEWORK:INTRODUCTION&METHODOLOGY 

USNationalInstituteof StandardsandTec StandardsandTechnology(NIST)standards: hnology(NIST)standards: 

 

FrameworkforImpr ovingCriticalInf   rastructureC   ybersecurity V1.1,April2018



SpecialPublication800-37,Revision2(Draft),May2018



SpecialPublication800-53,Revision5(Draft),August2017

“OptionsforTransformingtheITFunctionUsingBimodalIT,” MISQuarterlyExec MISQuarterlyExecutive utive (whitepaper) AGuidetothePr ojectManagemen ojectManagementBodyofKnowledge tBodyofKnowledge:PMBOK tBodyofKnowledge :PMBOK® Guide,SixthEdition ,2017



PROSCI® 3-PhaseChangeManagementProcess



ScaledAgileFrameworkforLeanEnterprises(SAFe ®)



SkillsFrameworkforthe InformationAge(SFIA Age(SFIA ®)V6,2015



TheOpenGroupIT4IT™ReferenceArch TheOpenGroup IT4IT™ReferenceArchitecture,version2.0 IT4IT™ReferenceArch itecture,version2.0



TheOpenGroupStandardTOGAF TheOpenGroup StandardTOGAF® version9.2,2018



TheTBMTaxonomy,TheTBMCouncil