Class 8 CBSE Social Science
Short Description
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Description
Social Science Concept Maps Class VIII • Resources • Mineral & Power Resources • Agriculture • Human Resources • Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources • Industries • Agriculture •Industries
Resources Meaning
Need
Use
Value
Tpyes of Resources Natural Resources On the basis of Leval of Development
Actual Potential
On the basis their Origin
Biotic Abiotic
On the basis of extraability
Renewable Non-renewable
On the basis of their distribution
Recyclable Non Recyclable
Ubiquitous Localised
Human made Resources Human Resources Skilled
Unskilled
Conserving Resources Resource conservation
Sustainable Development
Our Duty
Mineral & Power Resources Minerals Meaning Types of minerals Non-metallic
Metallic
Energy minerals
Ferrous Non-ferrous
Extraction of minerals Drilling
Mining
Cluarrying
Open caste mining Shaft mining
Distribution of minerals World – Asia – Europe – N. America – S. America – Africa – Australia – Antartica
Uses of minerals Conservation of minerals Power Resources Types Conventional Sources
Non-Conventional Sources
Firewood
Solar Energy
Coal – (Themal Power)
Wind Energy
Petroleum
Nuclear Power
Natural Gas
Geothermal Energy
Hydel Power
Tidal Energy Biogas
India – Iron – Bauxite – Mica – Copper – Manganese – Limestone – Gold – Salt
Agriculture Meaning Farm system Types of farming
Human
Physical
Subsistence farming Commercial farming
Intensive subsistence Agriculture Primisive subsistence Agricultre Shifting cultivation (Slash & burn Agriculture)
Mixecl Farming Cmmercial grain farming
Milpa (Mexico)
Ladang (Malaysia)
Nomadic herding
Plantation
Jhumming (N. E. India)
Roca (Brazil)
Major crops Rice — Major food crop — Staple diet of Tropical/sub tropical — High humidity — Rainfall — Allisal Soil — China No. 1 India, Japan S. Lanka, Egypt Bangladesh etc.
Wheat — Moderate temp. — Low Rainfall — Well drainel logy soil USA, Canada. — Argentina, Russia, Ukraine, Australia, India.
Millets (Coarts) — Less ferlile sanaly soil — Low Rainfall — High moderale Temp. — Jowar, Bajra, ragi — India, Nigeria, China, Niger.
Maize — Moderate temp. — Good rainfall — Lots of sun shine well drained — Fertile soil — America, Brazil, China, Russia, Canada, india, Mexico.
Cotton — High temp. — Ligh rainfall — 210 frat free lays — Black & Alluvial soil — China, USA, India, Pakistan, Brazil, Egypt.
Jute (Golden Fibre) — Alluvial Soil — High temp. — Heavy Rainfall — Humid climate — Tropical Areas — Indian & Bangladesh
Coffee — Warm & wet Climate — Well drained loamy soil — Hill slopes suitable — Brazil, Columbia, India
Tea — Cool Climate — High rainfall — Well drained loamy soil — Cheap labour — India, China, Kenya, Sri Lanka
Agriculture Development A farm in India
A farm in USA
Human Resources Distribution of population (world) Density of population Factors diffecting distribution of population Geographical factors
Social, Cultural & Economic factors — Social — Cultural — Economic
— Toposnaphy — Climate — Soil — Water — Minerals
Population chang
— Birth rate — Death rate — Natural Grouth rate — Mignation Emigurants
Immignants
Inmignation
out mingnation
Patterns of population change
Population Composition
— Son Ratio — Age composition — Occupational structure — Literacy — Population pyramid
Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources Land Use Physical factors Topography
Soil
Climate
Human factors Minerals
Water
Technology
Population
Ownership Private Land
Community Land
Conservation
Sold Meaning Sub soil
Topsoil
Weathered rock
Parent rock
Factors of soil formation Relief
Parent Rock
Flora, Fauna and Micro-organism
Time
Climate
Degradation of soil and conservation measures Mulching
Contour barriers
Rock dam
Terrace farming
Water Use Availability of water Problems of water availability conservation of water resources
Natural vegetation and wildlife
Distribution
Intereropping
Countour Ploughing
Shelters Belts
Industries Human Activities Primary Activity
Tertiary Activity (Service)
Secondary Activity (Manufacturing) Mining
Agriculture
Classification of Industries
On the basis of Raw materials
On the basis of size
On the basis of Ownership
Cottage industries
Public sector industries
Mineral based industries
Small scale industries
Private sector industries
Marine based industries
Large scale industries
Joint sector industries
Agro based industries
Forest based industries
Co-operative sector industries
Factors Affecting Location of Industries Industrial Region Communication World
Transport
Land
Power
Raw material
India
Distribution of Major Industries
Iron & Steel Industries Importance (Backbone of modern industries) Uses Distribution of Area TISCO
Cotton Textile Industries Importance
Information tecnology Importance
Its development Distribution area (Ahmedabad and Osaka)
Distribution area
Labour
Capital
Market
Water
Intensive Subsistence
Primitive Subsistence
Types of farming practiced depends on two factors
Types of farming
AGRICULTURE
Commercial farming Cropping pattern
Human
Physical
Cultural back ground Availability of irrigation Agricultural practices
Relief Climate Location
Plantation
Technological and Institutional reforms
Kharif Rabi Zaid
Consolidation of small & holdings Providing knowledge weather bulletien Crops Insurance KCC, PAIS, MSP
Faster means of communication Irrigation ,spirklers
Major Crops
Fertilizers, HYV seeds
AGRICULTURE (Geographical and Physical Condition) Rice
Wheat
Millets (coarse)
Maize
Cotton
Jute (Golden Fiber)
Pulses
Sugarcane
Coffee
Tea
Temperature
24-27ºC
Moderate
High to Moderate
Moderate
High
High
High
21–27°C
High
High
Rainfall
250cm
75 Cm
Low
150-200
Light
Heavy
75 Cm
75–100 cm
Heavy
Heavy
Soil
Alluvial
Loamy Soil
Less fertile Sandy
Well-drained fertile soils
black, Alluvial
Alluvial
Semi-arid, Loamy Soil
Alluvial
Loamy
Loamy
Climate
Tropical
Temperate
Tropical
Tropical
Tropical
Humid
Dry
Hot & Humid
Warm / wet
Humid
Type
Subsistence
Subsistence
Subsistence
Commercial
Commercial
Commercial
Commercial
Commercial
Commercial
Commercial
Labour
Cheap
—
–
–
–
Cheap
–
Cheap
Cheap
Cheap
Pattern
Kharif
Rabi
Kharif
Kharif
Kharif
–
Both
–
–
–
----
100
–
–
210
–
–
–
–
–
Maharashtra, Punjab, Karnataka
West Bengal
Maharashtra MP, UP, Karnataka, Raj., Karnatak AP, Punjab
Karnataka, Tamilnadu
Assam, Sikkim, HP, Tamilnadu
Frostfree days
Area
S.E.Asia, South Asia
Punjab, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Haryana. Haryana, Rajasthan U.P.,H.P.
Industries Primary Activity Secondary Activity (manufacturing) Classification of Industries
Tertiany Activity (Service)
Ownership
Size
Raw materials Agro based industries
cottage industies
Mineral based industries
small scale industries
Marine based industries
Large scale industries
Private sector industries Private Public industries Joint sector industries
Forest based industries
Factors affecting location of Industries
Communication
Transport
Land
Co-operative sector industries
Power
Raw material
Labour
Capital
Market
Water
Industrial Region World
India
Distribution of Major Iron & Steel Industries Importance (Back born of modern Industries)
Cotton textile Industries Importance
Importance
Its Development
Distribution
Uses Distribution Area Tisco
IT
Distribution Area (Ahmedabad & Osaka)
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