Class 8 CBSE Social Science

November 19, 2017 | Author: Nilesh Gupta | Category: Resource, Agriculture, Soil, Rain, Jute
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Social Science Concept Maps Class VIII • Resources • Mineral & Power Resources • Agriculture • Human Resources • Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources • Industries • Agriculture •Industries

Resources Meaning

Need

Use

Value

Tpyes of Resources Natural Resources On the basis of Leval of Development

Actual Potential

On the basis their Origin

Biotic Abiotic

On the basis of extraability

Renewable Non-renewable

On the basis of their distribution

Recyclable Non Recyclable

Ubiquitous Localised

Human made Resources Human Resources Skilled

Unskilled

Conserving Resources Resource conservation

Sustainable Development

Our Duty

Mineral & Power Resources Minerals Meaning Types of minerals Non-metallic

Metallic

Energy minerals

Ferrous Non-ferrous

Extraction of minerals Drilling

Mining

Cluarrying

Open caste mining Shaft mining

Distribution of minerals World – Asia – Europe – N. America – S. America – Africa – Australia – Antartica

Uses of minerals Conservation of minerals Power Resources Types Conventional Sources

Non-Conventional Sources

Firewood

Solar Energy

Coal – (Themal Power)

Wind Energy

Petroleum

Nuclear Power

Natural Gas

Geothermal Energy

Hydel Power

Tidal Energy Biogas

India – Iron – Bauxite – Mica – Copper – Manganese – Limestone – Gold – Salt

Agriculture Meaning Farm system Types of farming

Human

Physical

Subsistence farming Commercial farming

Intensive subsistence Agriculture Primisive subsistence Agricultre Shifting cultivation (Slash & burn Agriculture)

Mixecl Farming Cmmercial grain farming

Milpa (Mexico)

Ladang (Malaysia)

Nomadic herding

Plantation

Jhumming (N. E. India)

Roca (Brazil)

Major crops Rice — Major food crop — Staple diet of Tropical/sub tropical — High humidity — Rainfall — Allisal Soil — China No. 1 India, Japan S. Lanka, Egypt Bangladesh etc.

Wheat — Moderate temp. — Low Rainfall — Well drainel logy soil USA, Canada. — Argentina, Russia, Ukraine, Australia, India.

Millets (Coarts) — Less ferlile sanaly soil — Low Rainfall — High moderale Temp. — Jowar, Bajra, ragi — India, Nigeria, China, Niger.

Maize — Moderate temp. — Good rainfall — Lots of sun shine well drained — Fertile soil — America, Brazil, China, Russia, Canada, india, Mexico.

Cotton — High temp. — Ligh rainfall — 210 frat free lays — Black & Alluvial soil — China, USA, India, Pakistan, Brazil, Egypt.

Jute (Golden Fibre) — Alluvial Soil — High temp. — Heavy Rainfall — Humid climate — Tropical Areas — Indian & Bangladesh

Coffee — Warm & wet Climate — Well drained loamy soil — Hill slopes suitable — Brazil, Columbia, India

Tea — Cool Climate — High rainfall — Well drained loamy soil — Cheap labour — India, China, Kenya, Sri Lanka

Agriculture Development A farm in India

A farm in USA

Human Resources Distribution of population (world) Density of population Factors diffecting distribution of population Geographical factors

Social, Cultural & Economic factors — Social — Cultural — Economic

— Toposnaphy — Climate — Soil — Water — Minerals

Population chang

— Birth rate — Death rate — Natural Grouth rate — Mignation Emigurants

Immignants

Inmignation

out mingnation

Patterns of population change

Population Composition

— Son Ratio — Age composition — Occupational structure — Literacy — Population pyramid

Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources Land Use Physical factors Topography

Soil

Climate

Human factors Minerals

Water

Technology

Population

Ownership Private Land

Community Land

Conservation

Sold Meaning Sub soil

Topsoil

Weathered rock

Parent rock

Factors of soil formation Relief

Parent Rock

Flora, Fauna and Micro-organism

Time

Climate

Degradation of soil and conservation measures Mulching

Contour barriers

Rock dam

Terrace farming

Water Use Availability of water Problems of water availability conservation of water resources

Natural vegetation and wildlife

Distribution

Intereropping

Countour Ploughing

Shelters Belts

Industries Human Activities Primary Activity

Tertiary Activity (Service)

Secondary Activity (Manufacturing) Mining

Agriculture

Classification of Industries

On the basis of Raw materials

On the basis of size

On the basis of Ownership

Cottage industries

Public sector industries

Mineral based industries

Small scale industries

Private sector industries

Marine based industries

Large scale industries

Joint sector industries

Agro based industries

Forest based industries

Co-operative sector industries

Factors Affecting Location of Industries Industrial Region Communication World

Transport

Land

Power

Raw material

India

Distribution of Major Industries

Iron & Steel Industries Importance (Backbone of modern industries) Uses Distribution of Area TISCO

Cotton Textile Industries Importance

Information tecnology Importance

Its development Distribution area (Ahmedabad and Osaka)

Distribution area

Labour

Capital

Market

Water

Intensive Subsistence

Primitive Subsistence

Types of farming practiced depends on two factors

Types of farming

AGRICULTURE

Commercial farming Cropping pattern

Human

Physical

Cultural back ground Availability of irrigation Agricultural practices

Relief Climate Location

Plantation

Technological and Institutional reforms

Kharif Rabi Zaid

Consolidation of small & holdings Providing knowledge weather bulletien Crops Insurance KCC, PAIS, MSP

Faster means of communication Irrigation ,spirklers

Major Crops

Fertilizers, HYV seeds

AGRICULTURE (Geographical and Physical Condition) Rice

Wheat

Millets (coarse)

Maize

Cotton

Jute (Golden Fiber)

Pulses

Sugarcane

Coffee

Tea

Temperature

24-27ºC

Moderate

High to Moderate

Moderate

High

High

High

21–27°C

High

High

Rainfall

250cm

75 Cm

Low

150-200

Light

Heavy

75 Cm

75–100 cm

Heavy

Heavy

Soil

Alluvial

Loamy Soil

Less fertile Sandy

Well-drained fertile soils

black, Alluvial

Alluvial

Semi-arid, Loamy Soil

Alluvial

Loamy

Loamy

Climate

Tropical

Temperate

Tropical

Tropical

Tropical

Humid

Dry

Hot & Humid

Warm / wet

Humid

Type

Subsistence

Subsistence

Subsistence

Commercial

Commercial

Commercial

Commercial

Commercial

Commercial

Commercial

Labour

Cheap









Cheap



Cheap

Cheap

Cheap

Pattern

Kharif

Rabi

Kharif

Kharif

Kharif



Both







----

100





210











Maharashtra, Punjab, Karnataka

West Bengal

Maharashtra MP, UP, Karnataka, Raj., Karnatak AP, Punjab

Karnataka, Tamilnadu

Assam, Sikkim, HP, Tamilnadu

Frostfree days

Area

S.E.Asia, South Asia

Punjab, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Haryana. Haryana, Rajasthan U.P.,H.P.

Industries Primary Activity Secondary Activity (manufacturing) Classification of Industries

Tertiany Activity (Service)

Ownership

Size

Raw materials Agro based industries

cottage industies

Mineral based industries

small scale industries

Marine based industries

Large scale industries

Private sector industries Private Public industries Joint sector industries

Forest based industries

Factors affecting location of Industries

Communication

Transport

Land

Co-operative sector industries

Power

Raw material

Labour

Capital

Market

Water

Industrial Region World

India

Distribution of Major Iron & Steel Industries Importance (Back born of modern Industries)

Cotton textile Industries Importance

Importance

Its Development

Distribution

Uses Distribution Area Tisco

IT

Distribution Area (Ahmedabad & Osaka)

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