Clasificación de Puentes

 

9. M`ksbdquc `as pucntcs quc sc lcnmbankn k mannukmbýn6 k.

Zucntc Zucntc Lamh Lamhc c (Mkrrct (Mkrrctcrk crk Zk Zknkl nklcrb crbmkn mknk k Nart Nartc) c) C` Zucntc Lamhc cs un Zucntcs Laeu`krcs Ubpa Ikb`cy

 

i. Zucntc Zucntc Zuntk Zuntk Larcn Larcna a (Mkrrctc (Mkrrctcrk rk ]kus ]kusk`k`-Mks Mksmk) mk) C` Zucntc Zuntk Larcna c cs un pucntc ec krlkeurk par quc sc iksk cn ebcrcntcs tcnmbancs lctë`bmks muknea sc kp`bmk pcsa cn c`. C` pucntc na cnc lumhas c`clcntas ec sapartc bncrbarcs y sc sapartk prbnmbpk`lcntc ec ebcrcntcs pbczks ec lctk` quc pkskn par â`.

m.

Zu Zucn cntc tc Mk` Mk`cl clkr kr (Yb (Yba a Lk Lkrk rkûý ûýn) n) C` pucntc Mk`clkr cs un Zucntc pa krma cs un pucntc man kpayas sbtukeas cn `as cxtrclas ec `k `uz k `uz k sk`vkr, cntrc `as muk`cs sc ebspanc unk cstrumturk man arlk ec krma man krma man `k quc sc trknslbtcn `ks mkrgks. C` tki`cra pucec cstkr kpaykea a ma`gkea ec cstk cstrumturk prbnmbpk`, eknea arbgcn k ebsntas pas ec pucntcs krma cn unmbýn ec `k pasbmbýn rc`kvk ec` tki`cra rcspcmta k` krma.

 

e. Zu Zucn cntc tc Ia Ia`a `agn gncs csbb (Zbu (Zburk rk)) C` pucntc Ia`agncsb cs un pucntc pa krma .

c. Zu Zucn cntc tc Kguky Kgukyk k (Smky (Smkyk` k`b) b) Cs un pucntc Ma`gkntc parquc cstc sufcta ec mki`cs.

 

.

Zucntc Zucntc Ib``bn Ib``bnghu ghurst rst (Zu (Zucrt crta aL Lk`e k`eank ankea) ea) Cs un pucntc Ma`gkntc parquc cstc sufcta ec mki`cs.

g.

Zuc Zucntc ntc Fasâ Fasâ @cýn @cýn Ec Ec Mkr Mkrrkn rknzk zk (Mëeb (Mëebz-C z-Cspk spkûk) ûk)

Cs un Zucntc vbgk man trkla mcntrk` lývb`

 

h. Zu Zucn cntc tc Ga`e Ga`ecn cn Gk Gktc tc (S]K) (S]K) Cs un pucntc ma`gkntc 

 

b.

Zu Zucn cntc tc Kok Koksh shbb-Ok Okbo boya ya (Oa (Oaic ic-F -Fkp kpýn ýn)) Cs un pucntc ma`gkntc

 

=. Ecdbnk `as sbgubcntcs târlbnas6 k)

Zucntc tbpa pýrtbma6

C` pucntc pýrma cs un mksa bntcrlceba cntrc c` pucntc ec trkla rcmta y c` pucntc krma yk quc, mala c` pucntc ec trkla rcmta, cnc tki`cra y pb`ks, y, mala c` pucntc krma, `ks pb`ks sc kpaykn cn mblcntkmbancs sairc `ks quc sc cfcrmcn clpufcs harbzantk`cs. Cs mkrkmtcrìsma ec`   pucntc pýrma c` clpatrklbcnta ec` ebntc` cn `ks pb`ks. Csta pcrlbtc rceumbr c` lalcnta  dcmtar pasbva cn c` mcntra ec` vkna kpkrcmbcnea lalcntas ncgkvas cn `as cxtrclas y, ecibea cstk rceummbýn, cs pasbi`c manscgubr `umcs lkyarcs. @ks rckmmbancs harbzantk`cs quc cfcrmc c` tcrrcna sairc `ks mblcntkmbancs hkmcn quc c` ebntc` cstâ salcea k malprcsbýn. Cstc  cnýlcna cs ecnalbnkea ‐ccmta pýrma“ y cstrumturk`lcntc cs luy kvarki`c muknea sc clp`ck harlbgýn cn su manstrummbýn.

 i) Tbgk ec rbgbecz6 Tbgk quc mantrbiuyc, prbnmbpk`lcntc, k `k rceummbýn ec `ks d`cmhks ec un mbcrta c`clcn c`c lcnta, ta, a manfun manfunta ta ec c`` c``as, as, sck pkrk pkrk ebslbn ebslbnubr ubr su ecd ecdarl arlkib kib`be `beke, ke, sck pkrk pkrk manscgubr un lcfar rcpkrta ec mkrgks sairc atra u atras c`clcntas rcsbstcntcs. m) Zucntc Zucntc cstrkea cstrkeaske skea a ((cxt cxtrke rkeask askea) ea) ]c paerìk bnbmbk`lcntc ksulbr quc c` manmcpta ec` pucntc man prctcnskea cxtrkeaskea cs k`ga k`ga ma malp lp`c `ctk tklc lcnt ntcc pucec nu nucv cva. a.scgubrsc ]bn clik cl ikrg rga, a, csta csta na cs tatk tatk`l `lcn cntc tc mbc mbcrt a. ]u manmcpmbýn y ecskrra``a ecsec ebvcrsks pcrspcmtbvks6 ecsec `krta. ýptbmk ec` prctcnskea, ecsec `k ýptbmk manstrumtbvk a ecsec `k larda`ýgbmk. Cn cstk cxpasbmbýn scgubrclas `ks eas prblcrks. Cn un pucntc ec trkla rcmta ec harlbgýn prctcnskea, manstrubea par va`kebzas sumcsbvas, sc ncmcsbtk unk mkntbeke blpartkntc ec prctcnskea bntcrna supcrbar pkrk hkmcrdrcntc k `as lalcntas d`cmtarcs ncgktbvas quc amurrcn eurkntc su manstrummbýn. Ecsec c` punta ec vbstk ec `k aptblbzkmbýn ec` prctcnskea, cs `ýgbma iusmkr quc âstc kmtöc man su lëxblk cxmcntrbmbeke pkrk malpcnskr `ks mkrgks. ]urgcn ksì `as pucntcs ec tbrkntcs, eanec c` bnmrclcnta blpartkntc ec cxmcntrbmbeke sc lktcrbk`bzk k trkvâs ec `ks tarrcs y, eanec, grkmbks k c``ks, sc aitbcncn cxmcntrbmbekecs sairc pb`k ec` arecn ec` vcbntc par mbcnta ec `k `uz. Cstk ebspasbmbýn ec `as tcneancs ec  prctcnskea na sý`a malpcnsk `ks mkrgks pcrlkncntcs k` pancr`as cn tcnsbýn sbna quc, su mk mkli liba ba ec gc gcal alct ctrì rìkk cs tk tkn n bl blpa part rtkn kntc tc,, qu qucc `as `as pr prap apba bass tcne tcnean ancs cs talk talkn n  pratkganbsla cstrumturk` drcntc k `ks saircmkrgks, trknspartknea, vìk kxb`, unk drkmmbýn blpartkntc ec âstks hkstk `as kpayas e) Kr Krma ma kt ktbr brkn kntk tkea ea.. ]c pucec uskrsc unk scrbc ec `umcs rc`ktbvklcntc martks, `k manstrummbýn cn krma  pucec scr unk iucnk sa`umbýn. Cn csc mksa, c` pucntc malprcnecrìk unk scrbc ec `umcs bguk`cs a mksb bguk`cs, pkrk `ks muk`cs `as clpufcs ec `k mkrgk lucrtk cn `a `ass kpay kpayas as bn bntc tcrl rlce ceba bass cs cstk tkrì rìkn kn ik`k ik`knm nmck ckea eass a mksb mksb ik`k ik`knm nmck ckea eas. s. Man Man `ks `umcs martks, `as clpufcs na ik`knmckeas mkuskeas par `k mkrgk vbvk na scrìkn  grknecs. Ec kmucrea man csta, kun man mblcntkmbancs luy praduneks, `k manstrummbýn ec pb`ks bntcrlcebks pucec scr mksb tkn cmanýlbmk mala pkrk k`gön atra csquclk man `umcs sblp`cs a mantbnuks. Cxbstcn nulcrasas cfclp`as cn eanec sc hk utb`bzkea cstc krrcg`a man krmas ec pbcerk, harlbgýn y kmcra. c) Db Dbke kear arcs cs mkr mkrgk gkea eas. s.

d)

Krma rc rcikfkea.

 

]c ecnalbnk krma rcikfkea k` rcikfkea k` traza ec krma ec trkzkea sclbmbrmu`kr muya mcntra sc cnmucntrk par ecikfa ec sus puntas ec kpaya cn c` lura, cn `as mkpbtc`cs, `ks blpastks, ctm. Ycprcscntk unk ec `ks vkrbkntcs lës drcmucntcs ec` trkebmbank` y manambea krma ec lceba punta. @k blkgcn ec` krma rcikfkea kpkrcmc k `k vbstk mala ‐kp`kstkek“, manscmucnmbk ec tcncr  c` mcntra ec su murvkturk k un nbvc` bndcrbar k` ec `as krrknqucs ec` prapba krma, sbcnea cstc c` latbva keclës par c` quc malbcnzk su rcmarrbea cn ëngu`a kguea. @a hkibtuk` cs quc c` krma rcikfkea sc lucstrc k` cxtcrbar man taeks sus mkrks y sus krbstks `bsks, y k vcmcs lkrmknea m`krklcntc mkek unk ec `ks eavc`ks bnebvbeuk`cs quc `a mandarlkn, gcncrk`lcntc rck`bzkeks cn `kerb``a a man sb``krcs aecpbczks pbcerk. Kunquc tklibân cs luy drcmucntc, sairc taea cn airks pastcrbarcs, quc kpkrczmk rcvcstbea mala un taea mantìnua. Snk vkrbceke cn cstc tbpa ec krma `a rcprcscntk c` krma mkrpknc`, mkrpknc`, un krma rcikfkea quc yk na sbguc un trkzkea mbrmu`kr önbma, sbna unk scmucnmbk ec trcs krmas manscmutbvas? quc  pkrk na malcnzkr su krrknquc cn ëngu`a kguea bntraeumc nucvas krmas ec murvkturk cn sus cxtrclas, rceanecënea`as. g) Kr Krma ma pcrk pcrk`t `tke kea. a. ]c ecnalbnk krma pcrk`tkea k` krma quc sc `cvkntk sairc un pcqucûa trkla vcrtbmk` par  cnmblk ec` mkpbtc` ec `k ma`ulnk. ]c usk pkrk manscgubr lkyar k`turk, rcsu`tknea ksì unk blkgcn quc gknk cn csic`tcz k muk`qubcr atra tbpa ec krma ec trkzkea mbrmu`kr, quc mala cn muk`qubcr atra mksa pucec scr  kmkikea cn lceba punta, cn krma rcikfkea, lbxtb`ìnca, a ec muk`qubcr atra tbpa. ]c prcscn prcscntk tk ma mala la un m`kra m`kra cfclp` cfclp`a a ec krmas krmas pcrk`t pcrk`tkea keas, s, `k gk` gk`crì crìkk ec krmas krmas ec` M`kustrb``a ec` Lankstcrba ec `k Mkrtufk ec ]cvb``k. h) Zb`kr Zb`kr,, tar tarrc rc y pb`a pb`atc tcs. s. bngcnb cnbcrì crìkk ec mbl mblcnt cntkmb kmbanc ancss c` tcr tcrlbn lbna a pb` pb`kk tbc tbcnc nc eas sbg sbgnbd nbdbmk bmkeas eas Zb`kr6   Cn `k bng Zb`kr6 ebdc eb dcrc rcnt ntcs cs.. Ec km kmuc ucre rea a ma man n un una a ec su suss us usas as `k pb pb`k `k cs un lb lbcl clir ira a cs cstr trum umtu turk rk`` suitcrrënca quc tbcnc `k dunmbýn quc mulp`c unk zkpktk, cs ecmbr trknslbtbr `ks mkrgks quc sapartk k` suc`a. ]bn clikrga, cn mantrkstc man unk zkpktk, `k rc`kmbýn ec `k  pradunebeke ec `k mblcntkmbýn man rcspcmta k `k iksc ec `ks pb`ks cs par `a gcncrk` lkyar quc muktra, lbcntrks quc pkrk `ks zkpktks, cstk rc`kmbýn cs lcnar quc `k unbeke. Ec kmucrea man su scgunea usa, unk pb`k cs c` kpaya, yk sck ec manmrcta a ec lklpastcrìk pkrk `k supcrcstrumturk ec un pucntc. Zucec mansbecrkrsc k `k pb`k cn sì lbslk, mala unk cstrumturk quc k su vcz ecic cstkr kpaykek sairc unk mblcntkmbýn kecmukek. ktbrkntklbcnta  cn klias Uarrc6  Cn `as grknecs pucntcs ktbrkntkeas man p`knas ec ktbrkntklbcnta  Uarrc6   iarecs ec` tki`cra, pucecn scr knë`agks k `ks ec `as pucntcs ma`gkntcs6 eas pb`krcs vcrtbmk`cs a `bgcrklcntc bnm`bnkeas, unbeas cntrc sì par vbgks harbzantk`cs a mrumcs ec ]kn Knerâs? sc hkn manstrubea lumhas pucntcs ktbrkntkeas man tarrcs ec cstc tbpa. Man unk rbastrk cn mkiczk san `ks ec` pucntc ec Yknec sairc `k rìk ec Tbga ec 5:; l ec `uz a `ks ec` pucntc @u`bng sairc c` rìa Lbssbssbppb ec =79 l ec `uz? cn c` prblcra `ks tarrcs san ec harlbgýn y cn c` scgunea lctë`bmks. @ks tarrcs ec `as pucntcs ec VërktcIrkza @krga sairc `as eas rklk`cs ec` rìa Zkrknë, ec ==: l ec `uz, san ec harlbgýn man un krrbastrklbcnta lctë`bma cn mkiczk cn mruz ec ]kn Knerâs kp`kstkek Zb`atcs6  @as pb`atcs san lbcliras cstrumturk`cs man un ërck ec scmmbýn trknsvcrsk`  pcqucûk cn malpkrkmbýn man su `angbtue. ]c hbnmkn cn c` suc`a k iksc ec ga`pcs gcncrkeas par lkqubnkrbk cspcmbk`bzkek, cn grupas a cn db`ks, mantcnbcnea mkek una c` sudbmbcntc nölcra ec pb`atcs pkrk sapartkr `k mkrgk ec unk sa`k ma`ulnk a lura. ]an c`cl c` clcn cnta tass ec mb mblc lcnt ntkm kmbý býn n csi csic` c`ta tass qu qucc sc hb hbnm nmkn kn (p (pb` b`at atcs cs ec ec ecsp sp`kz `kzkl klbc bcnt nta a

 

 prcdkirbmkeas) a manstruycn cn unk mkvbeke prcvbklcntc kibcrtk cn c` tcrrcna (pb`atcs ec cxtrkmmbýn cfcmutkeas bn sbtu).