Clase 10 Miscelania Alquenos, Alquinos, Estereoquimica
November 20, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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rf fkdbae 5? Wr
Bd hfapubstf E tlbmb jfraude H55 C5:F y sb bmhfmtrø bmhfmtrø q qub ub bs um edhfcfd øptlheabmtb
ehtlvf. E pbser ib ib su lmsteurehløm lmsteurehløm eperbmtb eperbmtb mf eksfrkl eksfrklø ø clirfnbm clirfnbmf f pfr rbiuhhl rbiuhhløm øm sfkrb sfkrb hetedlzeifr hetedlzeifr ib pedeilf pedeilf. Ed treter E hfm åhlif sudjÿrlhf sudjÿrlhf ildulif ildulif cukf ume ibscliretehløm ibscliretehløm y prfiuof K, um edqubmf um edqubmf øptlheabmtb lmehtlvf hfm jfraude H55C 59 hfaf prfiuhtf prlmhlped. Ed lfmlzer bd edqubmf K sb nbmbrerfm ifs prfiuhtfs. Rmf sb libmtljlhø libmtl jlhø hfaf prfpemed HC8HC;HCF . Bd ftrf jub ftrf jub bd hfapubstf H, q H, qub ub sb ibafstrø bre ume hbtfme H3C3F . huådbs sfm huådbs sfm des bstruhtures bstruhtures ib ib E,K, H.
sfduhløm? E (H55C5:F) (H55C5:F) edhfcfd fptlheabmtb fptlheabmtb ehtlvf Wi E + C; mf cey rbehhløm E + C;XF9 K
F8
K (H55C59) edqubmf fptlheabmtb lmehtlvf C8H
_m , C;F
HC; HCF
prfpemed
F C8H
HC; H
+
HC HC
F
+
C
C8H
H
H
H
HC;
HC8 C
HC8
C8H
HC
HC; H C
HC HC
H
H
H (H3C3F) hbtfme
C8H
HC; H
F
H
_m , C;F
HC8
+
C
FC H
+ C;XF9
C8H
HC; H C
HC8
E
C8H
C
FC
HC; H
H*
C
HC8
edhfcfd fpt. ehtlvf
+ C;
HC8
F
F8
K fpt. lmehtlvf C
H
Wi
mf cey rbehhløm
H HC8
C
H
HC; HC8
rf fkdbae ;? Wr
Rm quáalhf clzf rbehhlfmer (;X, 8[) 8 -krfaf-;,8-iljbmldpbmtemf hfm ume sfduhløm ib
btøxlif ib sfilf (MeFHC;HC8) bm btemfd (tl (tlbmb bmb dfs alsafs alsafs rbsudtei rbsudteifs fs sl sb clh clhlbr lbree rbehhl rbehhlfmer fmer hfm @FC/btemfd @FC/btemfd)). Dfs Df s prfiuhtfs jubrfm ; edqubmfs ? E (abzhde hls -trems) y K (um lsøabrf purf). Bm des alsaes hfmilhlfmbs, de rbehhløm ibd (;X,8 X)-8-krfaf-;,8 -iljbmldpbmtemf ilf ifs edqubmfs . E (abzhde hls -trems) y H. De clirfnbmehløm hetedátlhe ib dfs trbs edqubmfs (E, K, H) ilf ;,8 -iljbmldpbmtemf. Ibtbralmer des bstruhtures ib E, K y H prfpfmne jfraehløm øm. bhuehlfmbs pere su jfraehl
sfduhløm? (;X,8[)- 8- krfaf-;,8-iljbmldpbmtemf + Me-F-HC;-HC8 btemfd E E (abzhde (abzhde hls- trems) + K (lsfabrf purf) (;X,8X)- 8- krfaf-;,8-iljbmldpbmtemf + Me-F-HC;-HC8 Wi
E,K,H + C;
btemfd
E (abzhde (abzhde hls- trems) + H
;,8-iljbmldpbmtemf
HC HC
Wc1 jbmld1 H:C2
HC
H
Wc
Wc
HC; HC8
8· HC8
HC8 Wc
H
X
H
[
HC8 (C C C)
Wc
H C 8· (H H C)
;·
C
(H H H)
Wc
Kr
Wc
H*
Wc
H
5·
C 9·
Kr
[
X
(H H H)
H*
Wc ;·
HC8 C;H
(H C C )
HC8
HC8 Wc
H
HC8
X C
Wc
+ Me-F-HC;-HC8 Wc
H
[
C;H
Kr
HC8
H
Wc
H
Wc
H
Wc
HC8
H
C;H
HC8
HC;
trems f (B)
Wc
+
H
C8H
K Wc
HC8
Wc
HC8
CH
seytzbjj) tzbjj) E (prfi sey
H
C
+
btemfd
Wc
Kr 5·
9· HC8 C;H
(Kr H H)
C;H
HC
H
HC HC
Kr C8H
C
H
H
C8H
hls f (_)
HC;
HC8
[
HC8 H
Wc
X
Wc
X
Wc
H*
Wc
H
(C C C)
H C 8· (H H C)
;·
C
(H H H)
Kr
HC8
8· HC8
5·
H
Kr
C 9·
[
X
H* Wc ;· (H H H)
5· Kr
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9· HC8 C;H
(Kr H H)
HC8
C H ;
C;H
(H C C )
HC8
HC8 H
Wc
X
HC8 C
H
Wc
C;H
HC8
Kr
X
H
Wc
+ Me-F-HC;-HC8
HC8 Wc
H
Wc
H
Wc
C;H
HC8
CH
HC8
seytzbjj) tzbjj) E (prfi. sey
HC; H
H
H
C8H
Wc
E,K,H + C;
Wc
+
trems f (B)
rbehhlfm ib clirfnbmehlfm
H
Wc
HC8
H
C8H
C
+
btemfd
Wc
H
HC;
hls f (_) Wi
;,8-iljbmldpbmtemf
HC8 C8H
H
H
Wc
Wc
HC;
+
Wi
C;
C8H
HC
HC
Wc
Wc
HC;
E (prfi seyt seytzbjj) zbjj) C C8H
HC8
H
H
Wc
Wc
HC
+ C;
Wi
C8H
HC
HC
Wc
Wc
HC;
HC8
K
C8H
C
Wc
HC8
H
H
HC
Wc
H
+
C;
Wi
C8H
HC
HC
Wc
Wc
HC;
HC8
HC8
HC8
X
Wrfkdbae 8?
Rm hfapubstf ib jfraude ndfked H>C59 sb clirfdlze bm abilf ehlif pere prfiuhlr ifs
edhfcfdbs lsøabr edhfcfdbs lsøabrfs fs umf ib dfs edhemfs edhemfs mf prbsbmte prbsbmte herkfmf qulred, albmtres albmtres qub bd ft ftrf rf sl, sl, lm lmil ilher her des bstruhtures ib dfs edhfcfdbs edhfcfdbs y bd qu b prbsb prbsbmte mte herkfm herkfmf f qulred, qulred, lmilher lmilher dfs pfslkdbs pfslkdbs bstbrbfl bstbrbflsøa søabrf brfss.
sfduhløm? E (H>C59) (H>C59) + C;F
C;XF9
pfslkdbs bstbrbflsfabrfs bstbrbflsfabrfs K + equlred
H H* qulred
emedlzemif des bstruhtures ib ib dfs hfapubstfs hfapubstfs K y H FC C8H
HC
HC
HC
HC8
HC8
HC;
C8H
HC
HC*
HC8
HC8 FC
HC
HC8
+
C8H
* HC;
HC
H
HC8
HC8
HC8
S bstb MF bs bd hfapubstf qub kusheafs
FC C8H
HC
HC
HC
HC;
HC8
C8H
HC8
*
HC
HC
HC8
FC
HC;
HC;
HC8
+ C8H
H
HC
HC8
C
HC;
HC;
HC8
bstb bs bd hfapubstf E
C8H
HC
HC
HC
HC;
HC8
C;F
C8H
C;XF9
HC8
+
HC
HC
HC;
HC;
HC8
+
+ C8H
H
HC8
E
HC; HC;
HC;
HC8 FC
C8H
*
HC
HC
HC8
FC
HC;
HC;
HC8
+ C8H
H
HC
HC8
C
HC;
HC;
[
X
K
H 5
ilkuoeafs sus #bstbrbflsfabrfs 1; 1; ;· C8H
CF
HC H*
C;H
(X)
HC8
C 8H
C
HC;
C
HC8
HC *
HC 8
H
C 8H HC ; HC ;
([)
FC
(H H C)
C8H
H
HC8 C
H*
5· CF
C
H
C 9·
HC;
C 8· (H C C)
HC8
‘
+ CF
HC8
HC8
Wr rf fkdbae9 ? Rm hfapubstf S (H5:C5:Kr;) bs øptlheabmtb lmehtlvf, ed rbehhlfmer hfm @FC sb fktlbmb \ (H5:C59) , \ pfr rbiuhhløm sfkrb um hetedlzeifr ib pedeilf eksfrkb ifs bqulvedbmtb afder ib clirfnbmf. Xb sekb qub \ ed rbehhlfmer hfm fzfmf ie hfaf prfiuhtfs um edibcáif _(H>C:F) y ndlfxed (HCF);, lmilqub lmilqub des bstruhtures ib S, \, _ b lmilher de bstbrbfquáalhe ib S. sfduhløm? @FC S (H5:C5:Kr;) fpt. lmehtlvf S bstbrfqulalhe 6 \ (H5:C59) \+ ;C; \
Wi
^
F8 _m, C;F
_ (H>C:F) edibclif + (HCF); ndlfxed
dfs prfiuhtfs ibkbm sbr ib 5: H, pfr df temtf esualafs qub cey ifs afdbs ib _ (#H1;*>+;15: H) F F
F
C H
H
HC;
HC; HC;
C8H
C
HC; HC;
H
C
(H>C59F) S
F (H>C3F) y eiba eibaes es fhurrlrle
C;H
HC
HC
HC
HC
HC
HC
HC
CH
H
C
ftres ruptures y MF sfm dfs prfiuhtfs qub kusheafs S
F H
C
H
(H>C:F)
_ HC
HC
F H
C
HC
+
F
F
C H
H
HC
HC
F C
+
C
H
HC
\
Zbrljlhemif de clirfnbmehløm
HC
HC
HC
HC
\+ ;C;
Wi
HC;
HC; HC;
^
HC;
S (H5:C5:Kr;) fpt. lmehtlvf
HC
HC
C
C
S bstbrfqulalhe 6
\ (H5:C59) HC
Kr
Kr HC
@FC
HC
HC
H
HC
HC
+
@FC
btemfd
HC
S - fptlheabmtb lmehtlvf - hfapubstf absf
HC
HC
\
HC
HC
Wr rf fkdbae2 ? Yrbs clirfherkurfs E, K, y I sfm lsøabrfs ib jfraude (H2C8) E y K bm sfduhløm btìrbe emclire rbehhlfme hfm sfilf abtådlhf ibsprbmilbmif clirfnbmf, albmtres qub I mf rbehhlfmem. Bd prfiuhtf ib sfilf hfm E rbehhlfme hfm krfaurf ib lsfprfpldf sb fktlbmb B. huemif B sb clirfdlze bm prbsbmhle ib åhlif prfiuhb ume ÿmlhe hbtfme. Bd prfiuhtf ib sfilf hfm K rbehhlfme hfm krfaurf ib lsfprfpldf sb fktlbmb J. huemif J sb clirfdlze bm prbsbmhle ib åhlif prfiuhb ifs hbtfmes lsøabres ¶huåd bs de bstruhture ib E, K, I, B y J6 sfduhløm? E,K,I (H2C8)sfm (H2C8)sfm lsfabrfs lsfabrfs A rbehhlfme E + Me· M rbehhlfme MF rbehhlfme S
K + Me· I + Me· HC8
A+
Kr
HC
B + C;F
HC8
HC8
M+
Kr
HC
J + C;F
HC8
C;XF9 CnXF9
C;XF9 CnXF9
5hbtfme (umlhf prfiuhtf)
; hbtfmes (lsfabrfs)
ilkuoeafs ilkuoea fs dfs pfslkdbs edqulmfs ed qulmfs tbralmedbs ib 2 H HC8 C8H HC;
HC;
H
HC
C8H
HC
H
H
H Me
HC
[bedlzeafs des rbehhlfmbs ib heie edqulmf tbralmed
C8H HC;
HC;
H
HC +
Me·
C8H HC;
K C8H HC;
HC;
‘
+
H Me
+
Kr
HC
‘
+
M
HC8 H
HC;
HC8
C8H HC;
HC8 HC;
H
H
HC
HC8
J HC8 C8H HC;
HC;
H
H
HC
HC8
+ C;F
CnXF9
HC8
C
C;XF9 C8H HC;
HC;
H
H
C
F
HC
HC8
+ C8H HC;
HC;
C
HC8
H
H
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F
C
HC8
HC8 C8H
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H Me
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B HC8 C8H
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H
HC
H
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+ C;F
HC8
C;XF9 CnXF9
C8H
HC
HC8
C H
H
C
F
umlhe hbtfme emedlzemif de bstruhture ib I edqulmf lmtbrabilf C8H
H
H
HC;
HC8
+ Me·
Mf rbehhlfme
I
HC 8 C 8H
H
HC
H C8
Mf pubib jfraer edqulmf pfrqub mf tlbmb ; C qub pbribrle bm bd prfhbsf ib rbehhlfm
HC
HC8
Wrf rfkdbae :? :?
¶Huådbs ib dfs slnulbmtbs hfapubstfs sfm bmemtløabrfs, huedbs sfm
ilestbrbflsfabrfs, huedbs sfm lsøabrfs ib pfslhløm, huedbs sfm øptlheabmtb ehtlvfs y huedbs sfm absf6 Ib dfs hfapubstfs >,
HC8
HC8
CF
HC8
:
2
8
HC8
FC
HFFC
HC8
9
HC8
HFFC
HC8
57
55
bxtrebafs e tfifs dfs hfapubstfs hfm bd alsaf muabrf ib H HC8
HFFC C
H
CF H
FC
H
CF H
C
H
CF H
FC C
HFFC
5
C
C
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:
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H
FC
C
H
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C
H
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:
5 y : bmetlfabrfs
3 HC8
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HFFC
HFFC
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;
HFFC C
FC
HFFC
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5
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H
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;
3 ; y 3 bmetlfabrfs bmetlf abrfs
fptlheabmtb fptlheabmtb ehtlvfs
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8,2,, < ,55 HC8 C
H * FC
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