Chronic Kidney Disease Pathophysiology _ Schematic Diagram

Chronic Kidney Disease Modifiable Factors Non-Modifiable Factors

A. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY a. Sc Schem hematic atic Diagram

-Hereditary -Age greater than 60 years old -Gender  -Race

-Diabetic Mellitus -Hypertension -Increase Protein and Cholesterol Intake -Smoking -Use of analgesics

Decreased renal blood flow Primary kidney disease Damage from other diseases Urine outflow obstruction

BUN

Dilute Polyuri

Serum Creatinin

Decreased glomerular filtration

Hypertrophy of  remaining nephrons

Loss of Sodium in Urine

Hyponatremi

Inability to concentrate urine Dehydration Further loss of  nephron function

Loss of nonexcretory renal function

Failure to convert inactive forms of  calcium Calcium absorption

Failure to produce eryhtropoietin

Anemi a

Impaired insulin action

Erratic blood glucose

Production of  lipids

Advanced atherosclerosis

Immune disturbances

Delayed wound

Disturbances in reproduction

Infectio

Libid

Infertility

Hypocalcemi

Excretion of  nitrogenous waste Uremia

BUN, Creatinine

Proteniuria

Peripheral nerve

Osteodystroph

Decreased sodium reabsorption in tubule Water Retention

Hypertension Heart Failure

Loss of excretory renal function Decreased potassium excretion

Hyperkalemia

Decreased phosphate excretion

Decreased hydrogen excretion

Hyperphosphatemi

Metabolic acidosis

Decreased calcium absorption

Hypocalcemi Hyperparathyroidism Decreased potassium excretion

Pericarditi Increased potassium CNS changes

Pruritu  Altered

Bleeding Tendencie