Chp6

GENERAL PROBLEM SETS 1.

COMPLEMENTS VS. ADJUNCTS IN NPS

a)

[of flour] is a complement . [with a glass lid] is an adjunct . [of figurines] is a complement, [in the window] is an adjunct [of Napoleon] is a complement, [on the corner] is an adjunct [in the building] and [with a broken pane] are both adjuncts

c) d) e)

2.

ADJECTIVES

Adjectives like hot, red, big, tiny, and ugly are adjuncts . 3.

GERMAN NOUN PHRASES

1) Elide or delete an N' node. This is like one-replacement in English. 2) I believe mit Sahne modifies the verb, not the NP cake, but this is up for debate. Simin Karimi tells me that on the basis of certain pronominalization facts, she thinks the PP modifies Kuchen. The exact analysis of the mit Sahne PP is irrelevant to the content of the question, which is actually about the Subject NP.

a)

TP NP

D Die

VP N'

N'

PP

AdjP

N'

Adj'

N Frau

Adj schlanke

V' V'

P' P aus

V isst NP N' N Frankreich

PP NP N'

N Kuchen

P' P mit

NP N' N Sahne

OR TP NP D Die

VP N'

AdjP Adj' Adj schlanke

V' N'

V'

N'

PP

N Frau

P' P aus

V isst

PP NP N'

NP

P' P mit

NP

N Kuchen

N'

N'

N Sahne

N Frankreich f)

TP NP D Die

VP N'

AdjP Adj'

V' N'

N Koenigin

Adj junge

V liebte PP

D die

P' P

NP N' N Prinzessin

NP

3) von England is a sister to N, not N', and so it is a complement. T h u s , deletion of the bare noun is impossible. In the contrary, aus Frankreich is an adjunct, sister to N', so there is an N' node dominating just the noun head which can be deleted. . 4COMPLEMENT S AND ADJUNCTS IN VPS: a) [her pencils] is a complement, while [never] and [in the correct drawer] are adjuncts. b) [to New Mexico], [in the rain], and [last year] are adjuncts.

7.

TREES

a)

TP NP

VP

N'

V' PP N P'

Abelard V'

PP

V

NP N' wrote N'

D a

N

NP

P' P in

PP N' volume P' P of

P fo r

NP

N Heloise

N Lati n

NP N ' N poem s

b)

TP

NP

VP

N'

V'

N'

PP

N armadillos

AdvP

P'

P from

Adv' NP

V' V'

Adv V often destroy

N'

NP

P'

N'

AdjP

N'

AdjP

Adj'

N York

Adj'

Adj New

PP

Adj old

P with N'

NP D their

N pillowcases

N'

N snouts

c)

TP NP

VP

N' N People

V' PP PP V lined P'

P' P with N'

NP PP

PP P behind

NP P the

up N boxes

P'

D N'

P'

N

P Of

NP

pp door

P' AdjP

N'

Adj' clothes Adj

N

P of

NP D the

N'

N

Old

PP building P' P With

NP Adjp N'

Adj'

N roof Adj leak y

CHALLENGE PROBLEM SETS 1.

INTERMEDIATE STRUCTURE

Example: Adam frequently buys paintings from Natasha, ...but Dan seldom does (so). ...and Dan does (so) from Sheila. 2.

COMPLEMENT ADJPS?

Part 1. These are complements. One-replacement: *the physics professor, not the chemistry one Coordination of likes: *the tall and chemistry student One complement: *the chemistry student of physics leather behaves similarly, but not identically: ?the canvas shoe, not the leather one *the leather and ugly shoe But note: the leather book of poems. Part 2. These words can be described as adjectives because they function as normal adjectives; they modify nouns, yet they cannot be modified by very as other adjectives. 3.

AMBIGUOUS ADJPS

Part 1. Parameters have to be set up specific to a category rather than to X. Part 2. The ambiguity results from the fact that German can attach as either a complement or an adjunct. 4. Part 1.

COMPLEMENTS TO ADJ HEADS? no: delightful clearly yes: full more thought provoking: familiar with, sensitive to, adjacent to.

Part 2. There actually no rules for "as" constructions.