China Moves Up The Value Chains - Foxconns Dilemma-Kelompok 4
September 17, 2022 | Author: Anonymous | Category: N/A
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JC@NG LIRKZ [V QCK RGE[K? BISJINN‐Z A@EKLLG Deimge Qrgak gna @nvkstlknt Knv`rinlknt Hkeilpih 1
Iur Lklmkr‐s
Iht`gn` Nurue Cgnagygn` 73627:1136
Hgr`ng Gn`sg Vrgy`tni 7362=7:3=;
]gycgn _g`n Vr`mga`
Qgtygng Vutr` L`ekng
73627:1;6;
7362=7:13;
QgMEK IB JINQKNQZ
67
JGZK iRK]R@KT
sQ]GQKDP BISJINN
6:
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Z[VVEP JCG@N
61
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67 JGZK IRK]R@KT
BISJINN Bixjinn lkrupghgn priauskn hilpinkn hilpinkn tkrmksgr a` J`ng akndgn pusgt ckgaqugrtkr a` Qg`wgn. Bixjinn a`a`r`hgn iekc Qkrry
Diu pgag tgcun 7041.
Zggt `n`, Bixjinn lknyka`ghgn priauh agn ogsg mkrupg pklmugtgn hilpinkn priauh kekhtrin`h, aksg`n priauh kekhtrin`h, `nivgs` tkhnieid` untuh priauh kekhtrin`h, agn `ntkdrgs` cgrawgrk & sibtwgrk. sibtwgrk.
Bixjinn oudg lkrupghgn sgegc sgtu pkrusgcggn ygnd lknkrgphgn deimge suppey jcg`n jcg`n.. Bixjinn lkrupghgn suppe`kr hilpinkn priauh untuh pkrusgcggn kekhtrin`h mksgr, skpkrt` Gppek, Glgzin, @ntke, Ziny, Cugwk`, agn S`gil`. Zkeg`n `tu, Bixjinn oudg mkhkrog sglg akndgn pkrusgcggn a` Okpgnd, Glkr`hg Zkr`hgt, agn [n`eg`n Kripg untuh lklmugt deimge lklmugt deimge priaujt`in nktwirh nktwirh .
VK]GND AGDGND GZ-J@NG A` gwge tgcun =673, prks`akn GZ Aingea Qrulp lkndululhgn tgr`b untuh pgnke suryg, mgog, agn geul`n`ul8 cge `n` lkngnaghgn a`lueg`nyg pkrgnd agdgnd gntgrg pkrgnd [Z agn J`ng, hgrkng J`ng lkrupghgn lgrhkt ekgakr a` `naustr` pgnke suryg agn mgog.
Zkogh sggt `tu, pkrgnd agdgnd tkrus mkregndsund. GZ tkrus lkn`ndhgthgn tgr`b untuh priauh J`ng, mkd`tu pueg skmge`hnyg. Zkeg`n `tu, GZ oudg lueg` lknkrgphgn mgn/meijhgak mgd` pkrusgcggn a` GZ untuh lknddunghgn priauh gtgu lknd`lpir mgcgn agr` J`ng. GZ oudg lknkrgphgn `nsknt`b pgogh agn rkscir`nd untuh lknjkdgc priauh J`ng lgsuh hk GZ. J`ng oudg lkeghuhgn ―skrgndgn“ mge`h hkpgag GZ akndgn jgrg skrupg.
Vknkrgpgn tgr`b `n` lklmkrgthgn mgd` pkrusgcggn a` GZ, tkrutglg hkt`hg lgsuh hk lgsg pgnakl` JIR@A-70, skc`nddg `lpir priauh J`ng lknurun agn lkrud`hgn J`ng.
A@EKLG BISJINN
Gh`mgt pkrgnd agdgnd GZ-J`ng `n`, Bixjinn lknjgtgt egmg qugrtkr tkrknagc agegl aug akhgak pgag gwge =6=6 gh`mgt gagnyg pgnakl` JIR@A-70 agn lknurunnyg aklgna agr` Gppek, ygnd mkrmgs`s a` GZ. Vknagpgtgn Bixjinn skjgrg
[ntuh lkl`n`lge`sgs` aglpgh pkrgnd agdgnd `n`, Bixjinn lkl`e`h` aug p`e`cgn? a`vkrs`b`hgs` eihgs` pgmr`h hk nkdgrg eg`n nglun tktgp lklpkrtgcgnhgn pgmr`h a` J`ng, gtgu p`nagc skpknucnyg agr` J`ng. Hkaug p`e`cgn lkl`e`h`
hkskeurucgn lknurun 7;% agr` tgcun skmkeulnyg.
hkuntundgn agn hkrud`gn lgs`nd-lgs`nd.
Ghc`rnyg, Bixjinn lklutushgn untuh lklpkrtgcgnhgn pgmr`h a` J`ng, agn lkeghuhgn strgtkd` a`vkrs`b`hgs` eihgs` pgmr`h hk nkdgrg eg`n, skpkrt` lkeghuhgn `nvkstgs` a` @na`g agn R`ktngl.
6= ]@Z@HI DEIMGE Z[VVEP JCG@N
67
@Z[ VIE@Q@H
Vie`t`h lkrupghgn sgegc sgtu gspkh r`s`hi ygnd lunjue pgag deimge suppey jcg`n. jcg`n. Vkrusgcggn ygnd `nd`n lkna`r`hgn usgcg/pgmr`h a` nkdgrg eg`n cgrus lklpkrcgt`hgn stgm`e`tgs nkdgrg, pkrgturgn pklkr`ntgc agr` nkdgrg ygnd ghgn a`tuou, c`nddg sknt`lkn gntgrg hkaug nkdgrg.
Vgag tgcun =673, s`nyge pkrgnd agdgnd gntgrg [Z agn Jc`ng lueg` lunjue. Cge `n` a`tgnag` akndgn lunjuenyg tgr`b untuh siegr pgnke, mgog geul`n`ul iekc Vrks`akn Qrulp skrtg hkng`hgn tgr`b agr` 76% lknoga` =;% untuh mgrgnd-mgrgnd J`ng.
Bixjinn cgrus hkc`egndgn mgnygh aklgna agr` Gppek agn lkndgegl` pknurungn egmg pgag aug akhgak a` gwge tgcun =6=6. Cge `n` lknunouhhgn mgcwg sknt`lkn pie`t`h agpgt lknoga` r`s`hi ygnd lklpkndgruc` hkmkregndsundgn pkrusgcggn skrtg deimge suppey
jcg`n.. jcg`n
6=
@Z[ B@NGNj@GE
Deimge suppey jcg`n jcg`n lkl`e`h` cumundgn cumundgn `ntkrakpknakn akndgn khinil`. L`sgenyg, hkgagggn hr`s`s b`ngns`ge tgcun =663 mkraglpgh tkrcgagp oulegc pkrl`ntggn deimge, mgrr`krs mgrr`krs gntgr nkdgrg, c`nddg lklunjuehgn gnt`-trgak gnt`-trgak sknt`lknt. sknt`lknt. Zkeg`n `tu, hr`s`s khinil` oudg lklmgwg aglpgh hkt`aghstgm`egn tkrcgagp birk`dn kxjcgndk, tkrcgagp birk`dn kxjcgndk , skc`nddg mgrgnd pgag pgsgr deimge ghgn mkrtglmgc lgcge agn mkraglpgh tkrcgagp a`srups` pgag deimge pgag deimge vgeuk jcg`n. jcg`n.
Hkgaggn hkt`aghsktgrggn khinil` agn pknagpgtgn a` agegl sugtu nkdgrg oudg lknoga` bghtir pknairind sknt`lknt agn gnt`-deimge`zgt`in gnt`-deimge`zgt`in. aglpghnyg, nkdgrg/pkrusgcggn agpgt hkc`egndgn gnt`-trgak pgndsg iutput lgnubghtur deimge. L`sgenyg,. Zkmgdg` J`ng lkndgegl` pknurungn pgndsg nkdgrg D4 agr` 46% a` tgcun 7046 lknoga` ;6% a` tgcun =676.
6:
KBKH ZIZ@GE - VKNDGNDD[]GN
Akndgn auhundgn `nbirlgs` agn tkhnieid` `nbirlgs` (@JQ), deimge suppey jcg`ns lklundh`nhgn jcg`ns lklundh`nhgn pklmgd`gn hkrog lke`ntgs` eihgs` ygnd mkrmkag. Vgag tgcun 7006-gn, J`ng lkeghuhgn iutsiurj`nd tkngdg hkrog agr` nkdgrg-nkdgrg mkrhklmgnd akndgn upgc ygnd lurgc. Cge `n` ghgn lkndgh`mgthgn lkndgh`mgthgn egpgndgn pkhkroggn tkngdg hkrog hkrog a` Jc`ng mkrhurgnd.
Vgag tgcun =662, Bixjinn skjgrg `nakpknakn lkndklmgndhgn rimit pkrtglgnyg, ―Bixjinn Ni. 7.“lknoga` Vgag tgcun =677, `g lkl`e`h` 76.666 rimit,Zcknzckn ygnd lkn`ndhgt ekm`c agr` 7 outg pgag tgcun =671. Vknddunggn rimit sgndgt pipuekr gntgrg priauskn J`ng. Zkmugc pknke`t`gn a` skmugc pgmr`h a` Ainddugn, Dugndaind, lknkluhgn mgcwg lknddgnt` 06% pkhkrog lgnus`g akndgn rimit lkndcgs`ehgn lkndcgs`ehgn pkn`ndhgtgn priauhs` =;6% agn pknurungn 36%.
Vknddunggn rimit agn iutsiurj`nd tkngdg hkrog mkr`s`hi lkn`ndhgthgn unklpeiylknt agn agn lknurunnyg t`ndhgt hkskogctkrggn tkngdg hkrog a` J`ng. O`hg a`e`cgt pgag drgb`h tgcun =67=, oulegc tkngdg hkrog ygnd mkhkrog tkrus lkndgegl` lkndgegl` pknurungn. pknurungn.
61
BI]JK LGOK[]K - JIR@A-70
Jc`ng lkrupghgn nkdgrg pkrtglg ygnd tkraglpgh iekc Jiv`a-70. Vklkr`ntgc Jc`ng lklmkreghuhgn pklmgtgsgn hktgt agn lklueg` ogl lgegl agn hgrgnt`ng a` skeuruc nkdkr` pgag Ognugr` =6=6. Gh`mgtnyg, khinil` lkeglmgt, agn mgnygh eihgs` e ihgs` priauhs` a`tutup, cge `n` lknykmgmhgn khinil` a` Jc`ng lknurun skmgnygh 2.3% pgag W7 =6=6, cge `n` tkroga` pkrtglg hge` skogh tgcun 700=. Zcijh dglk dglk pkrtglg ygnd a`gegl` iekc Bixjinn yg`tu gh`mgt agr` gagnyg kjinil`j eijhaiwn, eijhaiwn, cge `n` lklmugt pgmr`h agr` Bixjinn cgrus tutup hgrkng gagnyg eijhaiwn eijhaiwn.. Zkeg`n `tu scijh dglk hkaug ygnd a`gegl` iekc Bixjinn yg`tu lknurunnyg aklgna gh`mgt agr` pkreglmgtgn khinil` deimge. Cge `n` m`sg lknddgnddu deimge suppey-jcg`n suppey-jcg`n hgrkng nkdgrg-nkdgrg
Aglpgh agr` Jiv`a-70 lklgnd lklmugt deimge suppey-jcg`n tkrdgnddu, nglun supeg` untuh agegl suppey-jcg`n
mkrhlkmgnd pkreulkrkhg, wghtu cge untuh eglg untuh aglpgh lknstgm`ehgn hklmge` khinil` `n` lklmkr`hgn ygnd mkrhkpgnogndgn tkrcgagp priauhs` deimge
nkdkr` lkn`ndhgt gagnygkhspir pklmgtgsgn pkragdgndgn deimge.gh`mgt Nglunagr` gh`mgtnyg hkeugr nkdkr` oga` tkrdgnddu.
6;
HINKHQ@R@QGZ Agegl aun`g ygnd skhgrgnd skrmg liakrn, r`s`hi deimge suppey jcg`n oudg m`sg h`tg e`cgt agr` hinkht`v`tgs. Gpgm`eg, l`sgenyg, tkragpgt mkmkrgpg suppe`kr untuh lkndcgs`ehgn sgtu priauh, hklua`gn sgegc sgtu suppe`kr lkndgegl` lgsgegc, cge tkrskmut ghgn mkraglpgh pkrusgcggn suppe`kr nkdgt`b eg`nnyg pgag oudg (lknj`ptghgn mitteknkjhs & a`srupt`ins). a`srupt`ins ).
Jintic? [ntuh lklmugt sgtu priauh `Vcink, Gppek lklkreuhgn mgcgn agr` mgnygh suppe`kr , tkrlgsuh Bixjinn. O`hg sgegc sgtu suppe`kr Gppek mkrlgsgegc, Gppek t`agh ghgn m`sg lklpriauhs` `Vcink, skc`nddg ghgn mkrpkndgruc hk pknougegn rgw lgtkr`ges Bixjinn hkpgag Gppek oudg.
62
V]@RGZ@ AGN HKGLGNGN AGQG Deimge suppey jcg`n oudg agpgt lknykmgmhgn r`s`hi pr`vgs` agn hkglgngn agtg sugtu pkrusgcggn lknoga` lkn`ndhgt. Akndgn lklmuhg ghsks untuh mkhkrog sglg akndgn pkrusgcggn a` skeuruc aun`g, hklundh`ngn ―skjrkt ―skjrkt rkj`pk“ rkj`pk“ (jgrg hkrog, pklmugtgn priauh, asm.) agr` pkrusgcggn m`sg eg`n. mijirCgeagn a`t`ru iekc pkrusgcggn `n` tkntu lkrud`hgn mgd` pkrusgcggn ygnd agtgnyg a`glm`e.
Jintic? Bixjinn lknoga` suppe`kr mgcgn tktgp untuh Gppek, Cugwk`, S`gil`, agn mkmkrgpg lkrh eg`nnyg. Gag hklundh`ngn mgcwg Gppek gtgu pkrusgcggn dgadkt eg`nnyg m`sg lknjur` jgrg prisks pklmugtgn priauh, skc`nddg hk akpgnnyg lkrkhg m`sg lklmugt mgcgn skna`r` agn t`agh mkrdgntund egd` pgag Bixjinn.
6: sQ]GQKD@ AGN KRGE[GZ@
67
A@RK]Z@B@HGZ@ EIHGZ@ VGM]@H Aglpgh Vkrgnd Agdgnd GZ-J`ng?
67
= Gdustus =673? =673? Vkrwgh`egn Agdgnd Glkr`hg Zkr`hgt ([ZQ]) lkndululhgn rkv`s` tgr`b agr` 76% lknoga` =;% untuh mgrgnd-mgrgnd Jc`ng skn`eg` [ZA =66 l`e`gr, l`e`gr, tkrlgsuh pkrgegtgn kekhtrin`h hilkrs`ge agn suhu jgagnd hknagrggn/itilit`b.
6=
Vgag =: Gdustus =673, Qrulp lkntwkkt lkntwkkt , lknygtghgn, ―Vkrusgcggn-pkrusgcggn Glkr`hg akndgn `n` a`pkr`ntgchgn untuh skdkrg lueg` lknjgr` getkrngt`b skeg`n J`ng.“ Gh`mgtnyg, tgr`b a`hknghgn iekc GZ skjgrg khsheus`b pgag mgrgnd-mgrgnd J`ng skn`eg` [ZA ;;6 l`e`gr,
6:
Vklkr`ntgcgn Qrulp lklmkreghuhgn tgr`b ygnd lkngrdkthgn mgrgnd-mgrgnd lgnubghtur ygnd tkrlgsuh agegl L@J =6=;. Vklkr`ntgcgn Qrulp oudg lknyke`a`h` agn lklgsuhhgn agbtgr c`tgl pkrusgcggn-pkrusgcggn tkhnieid` t`ndd` tkrhkluhg Jc`ng ygnd mkrpgrt`s`pgs` agegl rknjgng L@J =6=;.
67
A`RK]Z@B@HGZ@ EIHGZ@ VGM]@H Zgegc sgtu strgtkd` utglg agr` bixjinn untuh lkndgtgs` pkrgnd agdgnd GZ - Jc`ng gagegc a`vkrs`hgs` eihgs` pgmr`h. A`lgng Bixjinn t`agh cgnyg lkna`r`hgn pgmr`h/jgmgnd a` Jc`ng lkeg`nhgn a` mkmkrgpg nkdgrg. Cge `n` tkrmuht` agr` pgag tgcun =673 Bixjinn lkl`e`h` :; bgs`e`tgs ygnd lkegygn` Gppek a` mkrmgdg` nkdgrg skpkrt`? A`vkrs`hgs` eihgs` pgmr`h a` @na`g, Mrgz`e, R`ktngl agn skmgdg`nyg ghgn lkndurgnd` tgr`b pgogh agn khspir hk GZ. Hgrkng lksh`pun mgrgnd-mgrgnd tkrskmut a`priauhs` iekc Bixjinn, nglun mgrgnd tkrskmut t`agh tkrlgsuh hk agegl hgtkdir` ―Lgak `n Jc`ng“ hgrkng mgrgnd tkrskmut t`agh a`priauhs` a` J`ng, lkeg`nhgn a`priauhs` iekc jgmgnd Bixjinn ygnd gag a` nkdgrg eg`n. Akndgn gagnyg a`vkrs`hgs` eihgs` pgmr`h, Bixjinn lgs`c m`sg khspir hk GZ lkegeu` jgmgnd pgmr`h ygnd mkreihgs` a` @na`g, Mrgz`e, R`ktngl agn skmgdg`nyg.
7
@na`g
=
Mrgz`e
:
R`ktngl
1
Glkr`hg Zkr`hgt
Aug pueuc sklm`egn mkreihgs` a` J`ng
Kvgeugs` strgtkd`? A`vkrs`hgs` eihgs` pgmr`h lkrupghgn sgegc sgtu strgtkd` Bixjinn ygnd sgndgt kbkht`b untuh lknkhgn hkrud`gn gh`mgt pkrgnd agdgnd GZ-J`ng.
6=
A`RK]Z@B@HGZ@ V]IA[H
Ztrgtkd` pkrtglg Bixjinn agegl cge a`vkrs`hgs` priauh yg`tu lklmugt hilpinkn lkrkhg ekm`c s`lpke nglun akndgn huge`tgs ygnd ekm`c mgdus, skmgdg` untuh lknagpgthgn ghsks hk tkhnieid` EJA jgndd`c, Bixjinn lkndghu`s`s` ;6% sgcgl a` pgmr`h a`spegy Zcgrp Jirpirgt`in a` Zghg`, Okpgnd pgag tgcun =67=. Cge `n` lkrupghgn sgegc sgtu jintic a`lgng Bixjinn `nd`n lkn`ndhgthgn huge`tgs priauh lkrkhg Ztrgtkd` hkaug ygnd a`pghg` iekc Bixjinn yg`tu mkrhilpkt`s` lkegeu` sibtwgrk sibtwgrk.. Vgag tgcun =67:, Bixjinn lkndululhgn hkrogsglg akndgn Liz`eeg, pkndklmgnd s`stkl ipkrgs` mgru ygnd a`skmut B`rkbix IZ. B`rkbix IZ a`agsgrhgn pgag CQLE agn tkhnieid` wkm tkrmuhg ygnd a`hklmgndhgn skmgdg` getkrngt`b untuh `IZ Gppek agn Gnari`a Diidek, tkrutglg untuh slgrtpcinks ygnd cgrdgnyg ekm`c lurgc untuh pgsgr ygnd lgs`c mkrhklmgnd. Ztrgtkd` ygnd a`pghg` iekc Bixjinn `n` agpgt mkraglpgh mg`h tkrcgagp [Z-Jc`ng Qrgak Tgr skmgm Glkr`hg lkeghuhgn mgn mgn tkrcgagp tkrcgagp priauh-priauh [Z untuh lgsuh hk Jc`ng sgegc sgtunyg akndgn lkeghuhgn mgn tkrcgagp mkmkrgpg gpe`hgs` Jc`ng a` Gpp Ztirk skpkrt` Tkk-Jcgt, cge `n` ghgn lknurunhgn pknougegn Gppek a` Jc`ng, nglun Bixjinn t`agh tkregeu hcgwgt`r hgrkng hinsulkn lkrkhg skpkrt` Ippi,S`gil`, agn Cugwk` suagc lkl`e`h` hgpgm`e`tgs ygnd m`sg lkngna`nd` Gppek.
61 ]KHILKNAGZ@
]KHILKNAGZ@ Zkjgrg hkskeurucgn, strgtkd` Bixjinn untuh lkeghuhgn a`vkrs`b`hgs` skmgdg` rkspin tkrcgagp pkrgnd agdgnd GZ-J`ng suagc tkpgt agn suagc a`eghsgnghgn skjgrg kbkht`b . Qkragpgt mkmkrgpg rkhilknags` ygnd agpgt a`eghuhgn Bixjinn hkakpgnnyg, gdgr m`sn`s lkrkhg tktgp sustg`ngmek. tktgp sustg`ngmek.
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◉
Bixjinn agpgt tkrus lkeghuhgn khspgns` m`sn`snyg pgag nkdgrg eg`n, skc`nddg eihgs` lgnubghtur t`agh tkrhinskntrgs` pgag sgtu w`egygc agn lkl`n`lge`sgs` r`s`hi birjk lgokurk.. lgokurk Bixjinn cgrus tkrus lkndglgt` pkrhklmgndgn `naustr` mgru (up-ti-agtk ( up-ti-agtk)) agn lueg` lklpriauhs` mgrgnd ygnd a`l`ngt` pgsgr deimge. Cge `n` lklmgntu Bixjinn gdgr t`agh tkrsg`nd` agn tkrus lknoga` lgrhkt ekgakr a` a` pgsgr deimge.
tCGNH PI[
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