Chest Trauma Concept Map

Predisposing/Precipitating Factors Pathophysiology Signs/Symptoms Diagnostic Exams Medical Treatment Complication Nursing Diagnosis Nursing Management Pathophysiology Others

Surgery (Thoracostomy or MiniThoracotomy)

Empyema Fibrothorax Thoracotomy Decortication

FAST Ultrasound Upright chest radiograph

Chest Drain (closed system) Thoracotomy

Blood that enters ches exposed to motion of d lungs and other intra structures

Defibrination of the blood results so that incomplete clotting occurs

Within several hours, lysis of existing clots by pleural enzymes begins Lysis of RBCs results in protein concentration of the pleural fluid Increased permeability

Fluid leaks into the pleural space

Pleural Effusion

Predisposing Factors Age Gender

Occurence of the incident (kicking)

Decreased chest and lung expansion

FAST Ultrasound ight chest radiograph

Dullness on affected part upon percussion Reduced breath sounds in affected part

Chest Drain (closed system) Thoracotomy

Ineffective breathing pattern r/t decreased lung expansion secondary to fluid accumulation

Blood that enters chest cavity is exposed to motion of diaphragm, lungs and other intrathoracic structures

Blunt trauma on left side lung

Force causes disruption the tissues of the chest w and pleura

Bleeding occurs Jugular Vein Distension Blood accumulates in the cavity

Pressure becomes more positive

Disruption of normal respiratory movemen

Defibrination of the blood results so that incomplete clotting occurs

Within several hours, lysis of existing clots by pleural enzymes begins

Lysis of RBCs results in rotein concentration of the pleural fluid Increased permeability

Fluid leaks into the pleural space

Pleural Effusion

Abnormalities of ventilation and oxygenation may occu

Tachypnea RR- 40 CPM, Shallow

Dyspnea and pain upo breathing

Precipitating Factors Chest Trauma Occupational Hazards Environmental Hazards alcohol consumption

Occurence of the incident (kicking)

Blunt trauma on left side of lung

Force causes disruption of the tissues of the chest wall and pleura

Bleeding occurs

Blood accumulates in the chest cavity Pressure becomes more positive

Disruption of normal respiratory movement

- External bruising on the affected part - Areas of tenderness over affected side

Impaired gas exchange r/t altered oxygen supply

Excessive bleeding (hemothorax)

Palpable fremitus

Mediastinal shift (R)

Abnormalities of ventilation and oxygenation may occur

Tachypnea RR- 40 CPM, Shallow Dyspnea and pain upon breathing

Chest X-rayImpression: Hemothorax CT scan: Hemothorax and Tension

ising on the affected part derness over affected side

exchange r/t n supply

ABG:

Blood Loss of 4000 mL (12 hours) and 1000 mL (retained clots) Hypovolemic shock

DEATH

Early signs: Abrupt decrease in blood pressure Tachycardia 105 BPM Ineffective tissue perfusion r/t excessive blood loss

Tachypnea 40 CPM Decreased pulse ampitude and rhythm (Weak and Threading)

Tachypnea 40 CPM Decreased pulse ampitude and rhythm (Weak and Threading)

ression: ax Tension

DEATH

y signs:

decrease in pressure

hycardia 5 BPM

hypnea 0 CPM

ased pulse e and rhythm d Threading)

hypnea 0 CPM

ased pulse e and rhythm d Threading)