Chem Qs Moles

Unit 8 Review 1. The balanced equation P4(s) + (s) + 6H2(g) us that 4.0 ol H 2 !" #eac #eacts ts with with 2.0 2.0 ol ol P4 $" %#od %#oduc uces es 8.0 8.0 ol ol PH3 &" cann cannot ot #ea #eact ct wit with h %hos %hos%h %ho# o#us us '" %#od %#oduc uces es 2.( 2.( ol ol PH3 )" #eac #eacts ts with with 4.0 4.0 ol ol P4

→  4PH3(g) tells (g) tells

3. ! 1.3*ol sa%le o ,&l-3 was deco%osed acco#din to the equation

2,&l-3 /s" → 2,&l/s" + 3- 2 / " How an oles o -2 a#e o#ed assuin 100 ield !" 0. ol $" 1.1 ol &" 1.3 ol '" 0.( ol )" 2.0 ol . The The #us #usti tin n o i#on i#on is #e%# #e%#es esen ente ted d b b the the equa equati tion on 45e 45e + 3-2 →  25e2-3.  ou have a 1.8*ol sa%le o i#on7 how an oles o 5e 2-3 will the#e be ate# the i#on has #usted co%letel !" 0.2( ol $" 0.(0 ol &" 1.0 ol '" 1.8 ol )" 2.3( ol (. &ons &onsid ide# e# the the ol ollo lowi win n #eac #eacti tion on77 whe whe#e #e  #e% #e%#e #ese sent ntss an an un9nown eleent: 6/ s"  s" + 2$2-3/ s"  s" → $43/ s"  s" + 3-2/ g   g "  1(  o  #eacts co%letel with dibo#on t#io;ide to %#oduce 2.43 ol o $437 what is the identit o  !" i '" ? )" &

. Ree# to the ollowin equation: 4?H3(g) + (g) + (-2(g) →  4?-2(g) + (g) + 6H2-(g) How an olecules o ?-2 a#e %#oduced when 3.02 ol o aonia is co%letel #eacted !" 12.08 $" 3.64 × 1024 &" 1.82 × 1024 '" 13 )" none o o these

11. n the #eaction ?2(g) + (g) + 3H2(g) →  2?H3(g)7 (g)7 how an oles o aonia would be %#oduced #o 1.0 ol o hd#oen and e;cess nit#oen !" 1.42 ol $" 3.2( ol &" 0.(2( ol '" 2.18 ol )" 0.363 ol 13. Ree# to to th the o ollowin unbalanced eq  equation: &6H14 + → -2  &-2 + H2@hat ass o o;en /-2" is #equi#ed to #eact co%letel with 13.1  o  &6H14 !" 3.8 × 103  $" 23.1  &" 4.86  '" 46.2  )" 0.12  1. 1. How How an an  ol olec ecul ules es o o ca# ca#bo bon n dio; dio;id idee wil willl be be o# o#e ed d i (.( (.(  o %#o%ane is bu#ned in the ollowin #eaction

&3 H8 / " + - 2 / " → 3&-2 / " + 4H 2 -/ " !" $" &" '" )"

1.3( × 102 olecules 1.03 × 1023 olecules 4.14 × 1023 olecules 3.10 × 1023 olecules .1( × 1023 olecules

18. 18. &alc &alcul ulat atee the the ass ass o ca#b ca#bon on dio dio;i ;ide de %#od %#oduc uced ed #o #o  2. 2.( (  o o octane7 &8H187 in the ollowin #eaction.

2&8 H18 / " + 2-2 / " → 16&-2 / " + 18H2 -/ " !" $" &" '" )"

(.2  &-2 18  &-2 8.1  &-2 1.238  &-2 1.800  &-2

1. 1. &alc &alcul ulat atee the the ole olecu cule less o o; o;en en #eq #equi ui#e #ed d to #eac #eactt with with 18.2 18.2  o sulu# in the ollowin #eaction.

2>/s" + 3- 2 / " → 2>-3 / " !" $" &" '" )"

Pae 1

1.03 × 1024 olecules -2 2.28 × 1023 olecules -2 1.(1 × 1023 olecules -2 3.42 × 1023 olecules -2 .13 × 1023 olecules -2

20.

&onside# the #eaction

34.

25e/s" + 3- 2 /" → 5e 2 -3 /s"  10.1  o i#on/" o;ide /#ust" is %#oduced #o a ce#tain aount o i#on7 how an #as o o;en a#e needed o# this #eaction !" 3.04  $" 6.0(  &" 1.3  '" 2.02  )" none o these

2>/s" + 3- 2 /" → 2>-3 /" how an oles o >-3 will be %#oduced #o .8 ol - 2 and e;cess > !" 14.( ol >-3 $" 6. ol >-3 &" .8 ol >-3 '" 3.3 ol >-3 )" none o these 3.

24. How an atos o aluinu can be %#oduced b the deco%osition o (.6  o !l2-3 /Hint: @#ite and balance the equation i#st." !" 2.31 × 1024 !l atos $" 1.1 × 1024 !l atos &" .(6 × 1023 !l atos '" 2.88 × 1023 !l atos )" none o these 2. ?it#oen and hd#oen ases a#e cobined at hih te%e#atu#es and %#essu#es to %#oduce aonia7 ?H 3.  103.1  o ?2 a#e #eacted with e;cess H27 how an oles o ?H3 will be o#ed !" 3.680 ol $" 2.43 ol &" (.3 ol '" .1 ol )" none o these 2(. How an oles o -2 a#e #equi#ed o# the co%lete #eaction o 3.  o & 2H4 to o# &- 2 and H2- !" 0.640 ol $" 2.6 ol &" .12 ol '" 3.84 ol )" none o these 2. @hat nube# o oles o aonia can be %#oduced #o .3  o hd#oen as and e;cess nit#oen as !" 1.642 ol ?H3 $" .8 ol ?H3 &" 6.( ol ?H3 '" (.3 ol ?H3 )" 3.28 ol ?H3

5o# the #eaction

5o# the #eaction

2>/s" + 3- 2 /" → 2>-3 /" how an oles o >-3 can be %#oduced #o 8.(  - 2 and e;cess > !" 0.36 ol >-3 $" .8 ol >-3 &" 0.18 ol >-3 '" 0.41 ol >-3 )" none o these

36.

5o# the #eaction

&a&-3 /s" + 2H&l/aq" → &a&l2 /aq" + &-2 /" + H 2 -/l" how an #as o &a&l 2 can be obtained i 3(.2  H&l is allowed to #eact with e;cess &a&-3 !" 113  &a&l2 $" 226  &a&l2 &" 0.10  &a&l2 '" 6.6  &a&l2 )" none o these 3. 5o# the #eaction 2&l2/" + 4?a-H/aq"  3?a&l/aq" + ?a&l-3/aq" + 2H2-/l" how an olecules o H2- can be %#oduced #o 30.2  o ?a-H and e;cess &l2 !" .0 × 1023 olecules H2$" 2.2( × 1023 olecules H2&" 1.14 × 1023 olecules H2'" 4. × 1023 olecules H2)" 6.06 × 1023 olecules H2-

42.

5e3-4 #eacts with &- acco#din to the equation

5e3-4 /s" + 4&-/" → 4&-2 /" + 35e/s"  361.  &- is #eacted with e;cess 5e 3-47 what ass o &-2 will be  %#oduced !" 1136.0  &-2 $" 284.0  &-2 &" ((.3  &-2 '" 426.0  &-2 )" 68.0  &-2

Pae 2

43.

&onside# the #eaction

0.

>odiu and wate# #eact acco#din to the equation

2?a/s" + 2H 2 -/l" → 2?a-H/aq" + H 2 /" 2&H 4 /" + 3-2 /" + 2?H3 /" → 2H&?/" + 6H 2 -/"  326.6  ?H3 is #eacted with e;cess &H 4 and -27 what ass o H&? can be %#oduced !" 18.2  H&? $" 1036.4  H&? &" 2.1  H&? '" 34.  H&? )" none o these 44. 5e2-3 /ola# ass A 1.( Bol" #eacts with &- /ola# ass A 28.0 Bol" acco#din to the equation

5e2 -3 /s" + 3&-/" → 3&-2 /" + 25e/s" @hen 111.1  5e2-3 #eacts with e;cess &-7 what nube# o oles o 5e /i#on" is %#oduced !" 2.08( ol 5e $" 1.31 ol 5e &" 0.348 ol 5e '" 2.(83 ol 5e )" none o these

@hat nube# o oles o H2 will be %#oduced when 4.0 ol ?a is added to 2.( ol H 2- !" 1.4 ol $" .4 ol &" 2.0 ol '" 2.( ol )" 8.0 ol 3. 5o# the #eaction o &2H4(g) with -2(g) to o# &-2(g) and H2-(g)7 what nube# o #as o &-2 could be %#oduced #o 2.0  o &2H4 and 2.  o -2 !" 6.0  $" 2.(  &" 4.0  '" 6.3  )" none o these 4. How an oles o >b&l3 is o#ed when 4.00 ol >b a#e #eacted with .3( ol &l 2 acco#din to the unbalanced equation

>b + &l2 !" $" &" '" )"

4. 5e2-3 /ola# ass A 1.( Bol" #eacts with &- /ola# ass A 28.0 Bol" acco#din to the equation

5e2 -3 /s" + 3&-/" → 3&-2 /" + 25e/s" @hen 280.4  o &- #eacts with e;cess 5e 2-37 how an oles o 5e /i#on" will be %#oduced !" 20.02 ol 5e $" 3.33( ol 5e &" 6.6(4 ol 5e '" 1.02 ol 5e )" .00 ol 5e 4(.

5o# the #eaction

&a&-3 /s" + 2H&l/aq" → &a&l2 /aq" + &-2 /" + H 2 -/l" 3.(  solid &a&- 3 is i;ed with 1.6  H&l. @hat nube# o #as o &-2 will be %#oduced !" 14.1  &-2 $" 34.  &-2 &" 8.(  &-2 '" 31.1  &-2 )" 1(.  &-2

→

>b&l3

8.06 ol >b&l3 .3( ol >b&l3 3.8 ol >b&l3 4.00 ol >b&l3 &annot be dete#ined based on the ino#ation iven.

6. &onside# the equation: ! + 3$ → 4&.  3.0 oles o ! is #eacted with 6.0 oles o $7 which o the ollowin is t#ue ate# the #eaction is co%lete !" ! is the letove# #eactant because ou need onl 2 oles o ! and have 3. $" ! is the letove# #eactant because o# eve# 1 ole o !7 4 oles o & a#e %#oduced. &" $ is the letove# #eactant because ou have o#e oles o  $ than !. '" $ is the letove# #eactant because 3 oles o $ #eact with eve# 1 ole o !. )" ?eithe# #eactant is letove#.

Pae 3

Reactin 3.00 ol nit#oen as with 6.20 ol hd#oen as will 8. &onside# the equation: ! + 3$ → 2&. The ola# ass 64.  %#oduce how an oles o aonia acco#din to the ollowin o $ is 0.0 Bol. @hich o the ollowin stateents is true  balanced cheical equation when equal asses o ! and $ a#e #eacted !"  the ola# ass o ! is #eate# than the ola# ass o $7 then ! must dete#ine how uch & is  ? 2 /" + 3H2 /" → 2?H 3 /"  %#oduced. !" 6.20 ol ?H3 $"  the ola# ass o ! is less than the ola# ass o  $" .30 ol ?H3 $7 then ! must dete#ine how uch & is %#oduced. &" 4.13 ol ?H3 &"  the ola# ass o ! is the sae as the ola# '" 12.40 ol ?H3 ass o $7 then ! and $ #eact in a %e#ect stoichioet#ic )" 6.00 ol ?H3 #atio and both  dete#ine how uch & is %#oduced. '"  the ola# ass o ! is #eate# than the ola# 6. &onside# a #eaction in which two #eactants a9e one %#oduct ass o $7 then $ must dete#ine how uch & is /o# e;a%le7 conside# the unbalanced #eaction ! + $ → &". Cou 9now  %#oduced. the ollowin: )"  the ola# ass o ! is less than the ola# ass o  2.0 ol ! /with an e;cess o $" can %#oduce a a;iu o 2.0 ol & $7 then $ must dete#ine how uch & is %#oduced. 3.0 ol $ /with an e;cess o !" can %#oduce a a;iu o 4.0 ol &  ou #eact 2.0 ol ! with 3.0 ol $7 what is the a;iu aount o . &onside# that calciu etal #eacts with o;en as in & that can be %#oduced the ai# to o# calciu o;ide. >u%%ose we #eact 6.00 ol calciu !" 2.0 ol with 4.00 ol o;en as. 'ete#ine the nube# o oles o $" 4.0 ol calciu o;ide %#oduced ate# the #eaction is co%lete. &" .0 ol !" 6.00 ol &a'" 6.0 ol $" 3.00 ol &a)" =o#e ino#ation is needed to answe# this question. &" 4.00 ol &a'" 8.00 ol &a68. !onia #eacts with o;en to o# nit#oen dio;ide and )" none o these wate# acco#din to the ollowin equation: 62. Cou #eact 2.0  hd#oen as with 62.1  o;en as. 'ete#ine the ass o wate# that can be %#oduced #o these #eactants. !" 3.0  H2$" 1(.  H2&" (.8  H2'" 6.  H2)" 223  H263. @hich o the ollowin stateents is alwas t#ue conce#nin a #eaction #e%#esented b the ollowin balanced cheical equation 2&2H6(g) + (-2(g) → 4&-2(g) + 6H2-(g) !"  we have equal asses o &2H6 and -27 the#e is no liitin #eactant. $"  we have an equal nube# o oles o &2H6 and -27 the#e is no liitin #eactant. &"  we have o#e ass o &2H67 then -2 ust be the liitin #eactant. '"  we have o#e ass o -27 then &2H6 ust be the liitin #eactant. )" ?one o these stateents /a*d" a#e t#ue.

4?H3 /" + (- 2 /" → 4?-2 /" + 6H2 -/" Cou #eact aonia and o;en7 and at the end o the e;%e#ient ou ind that ou %#oduced 33.3  o wate# and have 8.2  o aonia let ove#. 'ete#ine the ass o o;en #eacted. !" 0.(  -2 $" 1(.(  -2 &" .1  -2 '" 103.  -2 )" 6.0  -2 6.

&onside# the ollowin #eaction: 2! + $ → 3& + '

3.36 ol ! and 2.00 ol $ #eact to o# 4.00 ol &. @hat is the  %e#cent ield o this #eaction !" 20.6 $" 2. &" 3.( '" (.4 )" 100.

Pae 4

(1. @hen ?H3 is %#e%a#ed #o 28  ? 2 and e;cess H27 the theo#etical ield o ?H3 is 34 . @hen this #eaction is ca##ied out in a iven e;%e#ient7 onl 2  is %#oduced. @hat is the  %e#centae ield /no#e siniicant iu#es o# this %#oble." !" 1 $" ( &" 28 '" 43 )" 8 (2. Tin/" luo#ide is added to soe dental %#oducts to hel%  %#event cavities. =anuactu#e#s have to a9e the tin/" luo#ide i#st7 thouh7 beo#e the can add it to thei# %#oducts. >n/ s" + 2H5/aq"

→  >n52/aq"

+ H2/ g "

How an #as o tin/" luo#ide can be ade #o 0.3  o hd#oen luo#ide i the#e is %lent o tin available to #eact !" 1(.  $" 34.  &" (88.  '" 1.26  )" 101. 

8. &onside# the #eaction o anesiu etal with hd#ochlo#ic acid to %#oduce anesiu chlo#ide and hd#oen as.  4.(0 ol o anesiu and 4.(0 ol o hd#ochlo#ic acid a#e #eacted7 how an oles o hd#oen as a#e %#oduced !" .40 ol $" 2.3 ol &" 4.(0 ol '" 6.(0 ol )" none o these 8(. &onside# the #eaction o anesiu etal with hd#ochlo#ic acid to %#oduce anesiu chlo#ide and hd#oen as.  3.32 ol o anesiu and 3.32 ol o hd#ochlo#ic acid a#e #eacted7 how an #as o anesiu chlo#ide a#e %#oduced !" 316.  $" 632.  &" 18.  '" 18.  )" 1.66 

(3. &onside# the ollowin unbalanced equation: !l4&3 + H2- →  !l/-H"3 + &H4 How an oles o wate# a#e needed to #eact with 14.  o !l4&3 !" 1.3 ol $" 0.112 ol &" 0.(42 ol '" 21. ol )" 16.2 ol 80. &onside# the ollowin unbalanced equation: ?a2>i56/ s" + ?a/ s" →  >i/ s" + ?a5/ s" How an #as o sodiu a#e #equi#ed to co%letel #eact with 0.33 ol ?a2>i56 !" 0.33  $" 1.34  &" 1.3  '" (.(0  )" 30.8  83. &onside# the ollowin unbalanced equation: &2H-H/ g " + -2/ g " →  &-2/ g " + H2-/l "  1.8(  o ethanol #eacts with 10.(  o o;en7 how an oles o wate# a#e %#oduced !" 0.0406 ol $" 0.122 ol &" 0.013 ol '" 0.334 ol )" 0.66 ol

Pae 

8. &onside# the #eaction o anesiu etal with hd#ochlo#ic acid to %#oduce anesiu chlo#ide and hd#oen as.  3.(0 ol o anesiu and 3.(0 ol o hd#ochlo#ic acid a#e #eacted7 how an #as o e;cess #eactant a#e let ove#

!" $" &" '" )"

Pae 6

1.8  8.  6(.4  13.  4.0 

Answer Key 1. ' 3. ) . $ (. ) . & 11. & 13. ' 1. ' 18. ! 1. ) 20. $ 24. $ 2. & 2(. ' 2. ) 34. $ 3. & 36. ' 3. $ 42. ) 43. ! 44. $ 4. & 4(. ) 0. ! 3. $ 4. & 6. ! 8. ) . ! 62. ' 63. & 64. & 6. ! 68. ) 6. ' (1. ) (2. ! (3. ) 80. ) 83. $ 8. $ 8(. & 8. )

Pae (