Chapter1 (Hyd I) (1&2)

 

 

Mylrguakfs-K

Fmgptdr 7 7.0. KO\ZCLTF\KCO 7.7  Rmgt ks mylrguakfs3

ylrguakfs ks ldrkvdl erci g Brddh Rcrl " Mylrguakhcs" wmkfm idgos wgtdr. Kt ks tmd stuly ce wgtdr gol scid dobkoddrkob eaukls, wmkfm g mylrguakf/fkvka dobkoddr ks fgaadl upco tc stcrd, fcovdy cr puip. Dobkoddrkob eaukl kofaulds wgstdwgtdr ko wgstd lkspcsga gol ckas ko mylrguakf fcotrca bdgr.

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 Idfmgokfs

Zkbkl jcly jcly  Zkbkl idfmgokfs Idfmgokfs

Eaukl  Eaukl Idfmgokfs  Idfmgokfs

 Ldecrigjad jcly  Idfmgokfs idfmgokfs

 Kofciprdsskjad (Akqukls akhd wgtdr )

 Mylrcidfmgokfs

 Mylrcstgtkfs

 Mylrc hkodigtkfs

Fciprdsskjad (Bgsds akhd gkr)  gkr) 

 Gdrcidfmgokfs

Mylrclyogikfs

 Gdrcstgtkfs

 Gdrclyogikfs

Mylrguakfs ks cetdo fcoeusdl wktm tmd gaakdl sfkdofd ce eaukl idfmgokfs jdfgusd g fcoskldrgjad cvdragp cffurs jdtwddo tmd twc stulkds. Mcwdvdr, eaukl idfmgokfs ldgas wktm bgsds, gs wdaa gs tmd fciico akqukls, gol tc icst mylrguakf/fkvka dobkoddrs g stuly ce bgs jdmgvkcr ks krrdadvgot tc tmdkr prcedsskcoga oddls.

Adfturd octd co eaukl prcpdrtkds/GGV\T

7

 

 

Mylrguakfs-K

\md jgskf gki ce mylrguakfs ks tc uoldrstgol gol fcotrca tmd cffurrdofd, icvdidot gol usd ce wgtdr ecr tmd jdodekt ce scfkdty wmdtmdr kt ks ko aghds, rkvdrs, pkpds, lrgkos,  pdrfcagtkob tmrcubm sckas cr pcuolkob tmd fcgstakod gs ldstruftkvd wgvds. \mdrdecrd, tmd euolgidotgas ko mylrguakf dobkoddrkob systdis kovcavd tmd gppakfgtkco ce dobkoddrkob  prkofkpads gol idtmcls tc tmd pagookob, fcotrca, trgospcrtgtkco, fcosdrvgtkco, gol utkakzgtkco ce wgtdr .  7.:  Rmy lc wd stuly mylrguakfs3

Gaa crbgokzdl scfkdtkds oddl gldqugtd wgtdr suppakds, lrgkogbd tc lkspcsd ce wgstd cr dxfdss wgtdr, gs wdaa gs prctdftkco erci uofcotrcaadl wgtdr. \mus go cjvkcus odfdsskty ecr g stuly ce mylrguakfs dxksts. Gppakfgtkcos ce mylrguakfs kofauld

  Ldskbo ce g wkld rgobd ce mylrguakf strufturds (lgis, fgogas, wdkrs dtf.) gol

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igfmkodry (puips, turjkods gol eaukl fcupakobs) Ldskbo ce g fcipadx odtwcrh ce puipkob gol pkpdakods ecr trgospcrtkob akqukls. Pcwdr bdodrgtkco Eaccl prctdftkco Vuregfd gol brcuol wgtdr stulkds Eacw idtdrkob akhd crkekfd idtdr Prdssurd idgsurdidot

7.6  \md ldvdacpidot ce Mylrguakfs

7.  Gofkdot tkids (Jdecrd 400 JF) Grfmdcacbkfga lksfcvdrkds mgvd smcwo tmgt fgogas, lgis, rdsdrvckrs gol ldvkfds ecr aketkob wgtdr dxkstdl ko Dbypt, Fmkog gol Jgjyaco ecr krrkbgtkco gol ldedosd purpcsds. (\mgt ks, krrkbgtkco ks tmd dgrakdst ecri ce mylrguakfs.) \md ldskbo ce tmdsd wcrhs wgs  jgsdl co dxpdrkdofd gol skipad trkga gol drrcr. Gs g rdsuat igncr mylrguakf prcndfts wdrd scidtmkob ce g bgijad, suffdsseua/egka. :.  Brddh Fkvkakzgtkco (400 JF - 700 JF) \md Brddhs uoldrstccl scid dadidotgry tmdcrkds gol fcaadftdl docubm koecrigtkco tc lkvkld mylrguakfs kotc mylrcstgtkfs gol mylrclyogikfs. \mdy wdrd kigbkogtkvd koocvgtcrs. Dx> Grfmkidlds dstgjaksmdl dadidotgry prkofkpads ce jucygofy gol eacgtgtkco, wmkfm ks trud stkaa tclgy. 6.  Zcigo dipkrd (\md dipkrd fcvdrdl iufm ce Durcpd, Gskg, & Ocrtmdro Gerkfg)

Adfturd octd co eaukl prcpdrtkds/GGV\T

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Mylrguakfs-K

 Ouidrcus pujakf wgtdr suppay sfmdids lrgkogbd wcrhs gol jrklbds wdrd uoldrtghdo igoy ce wmkfm stkaa stgol tclgy. \md Zcigos glvgofdl tmd prgftkfd ce tmd grt, jut tmdy lkl akttad cr octmkob tc prcictd tmd euolgidotga eaukl jdmgvkcr. \mdy agfhdl lddp uoldrstgolkob ce tmd sfkdofd. Dx Idtmcl ce wgtdr fmgrbkob ecr prkvgtd wgtdr suppakds wdrd jgsdl co tmd pkpd skzd. \mdy wdrd shkaaeua glgptcrs/fcipdtdot gppakdrs ce mylrguakfs.  Eaukls grd sujstgofds, wmkfm ldecri fcotkoucusay uoldr tmd gppakfgtkco ce g  smdgr ecrfd, oc igttdr mcw sigaa tmd ecrfd ikbmt jd. \mdy grd fmgrgftdrkzdl jy tmdkr gjkakty tc eacw.

(Vmdgr ecrfd fcipcodot tgobdot tc g suregfd. \mks ecrfd lkvkldl jy tmd grdg 9 gvdrgbdecrfd smdgr9strdss). Prcpdrtkds> kotdoskvd, dxtdoskvd, pmyskfga gol fmdikfga.  fmdikfga. 

Dvdry eaukl mgs fdrtgko fmgrgftdrkstkfs jy wmkfm kts pmyskfga fcolktkco igy jd ldsfrkjdl. Rd fgaa sufm fmgrgftdrkstkfs prcpdrtkds ce tmd eaukl. \mdsd prcpdrtkds fgo jd lkvkldl ko tc twc jrcgl fgtdbcrkds> Dxtdoskvd prcpdrtkds, wmkfm ldpdol co tmd skzd ce g sgipad ce igttdr8 gol kotdoskvd prcpdrtkds, wmkfm grd koldpdoldot ce tmd sgipad skzd. Ce tmd twc kotdoskvd prcpdrtkds grd tmd icrd usdeua jdfgusd g eaukl wkaa dxmkjkt tmd sgid kotdoskvd  prcpdrty rdbgrladss ce mcw iufm ce kt wd dxgikod. Dxgipads ce dxtdoskvd prcpdrty grd igss gol vcauid gs tmd gicuot ce g sujstgofd kofrdgsds8 kts igss gol vcauid gasc kofrdgsd. Kotdoskvd prcpdrtkds kofauld ldoskty, prdssurd gol tdipdrgturd. Ko spdghkob ce tmd prcpdrtkds ce eaukls, wd gasc lkstkobuksm jdtwddo pmyskfga gol fmdikfga  prcpdrtkds. G pmyskfga prcpdrty fgo jd spdfkekdl wktm cut rdedrdofd tc goy ctmdr eaukl. Ldoskty, igss vcauid, fcacur dtf grd gaa dxgipads ce pmyskfga prcpdrtkds. G fmdikfga  prcpdrty co tmd ctmdr mgol stgtds scid kotdrgftkco jdtwddo fmdikfga sujstgofds. \md wgy eaukl (wgtdr) jdmgvds uoldr vgrkcus fcolktkcos dofcuotdrdl ko prgftkfd ldpdols  prkigrkay co kts euolgidotga gol pmyskfga prcpdrtkds, wmkfm grd jrkdedl gs ecaacws. :.:  Pmyskfga Prcpdrtkds

Go uoldrstgolkob ce eaukl jdmgvkcr gol gppakfgtkco ce kts jgskf agws tmrcubm dxpdrkidotgtkco glvgofds tmd sujndft ce mylrguakfs. Eaukl prcpdrtkds pagy prkofkpga rcads  jctm ko cpdo fmgooda gol pkpd eacw. Adfturd octd co eaukl prcpdrtkds/GGV\T

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Mylrguakfs-K

\md prkofkpga pmyskfga prcpdrtkds ce eaukls grd ldsfrkjdl gs ecaacws. 7.

Ldoskty \mdrd grd tmrdd ecris ce ldoskty

g.

Igss ldoskty cr ldoskty, ldoctdl jy   (Brddh, rmc) Kt ks ldekodl gs tmd igss pdr uokt vcauid. cr ldoskty 9

 Igss ce   eau  eaukl  kl  (i) Ucauid cffupkdl  (v)

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i v

 

  VK uokt Hb/ i6    Lkidoskcogaay IA-6    Ecr go kofciprdsskjad eaukl, ”‛ ks fcostgot   Ecr wgtdr,   ks 7000 hb/ i6  gt Kt ks fadgr tmgt ldoskty, spdfkekf wdkbmt, gol spdfkekf brgvkty grd gaa kotdrrdagtdl gol erci hocwadlbd ce goy cod ce tmd tmrdd tmd ctmdrs fgo jd fgafuagtdl.

:. Vpdfkekf Ucauid (Us) Kt ks tmd vcauid cffupkdl jy g uokt igss ce eaukl cr skipay skipay tmd rdfkprcfga ce ldoskty. v

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Us    i    

  Fciicoay gppakdl tc bgsds

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6. 

Juah icluaus ce dagstkfkty cr Fciprdsskjkakty, H (hgppg)

Ecr icst prgftkfga purpcsds akqukls igy jd rdbgrldl gs kofciprdsskjad. Mcwdvdr, tmdrd grd fdrtgko fgsds, sufm gs wgtdr mgiidr, wmdrd tmd fciprdsskjkakty smcual jd tghdo kotc gffcuot. Ke wgtdr wdrd oct fciprdsskjad, tmdo facskob g vgavd co g pkpdakod fcual jd g lgobdrcus tgsh. Kigbkod trykob tc stcp sulldoay g scakl fcauio ce wgtdr sdvdrga hkacidtdrs acob. \md ecrfd kovcavdl wcual jd kiidosd. Ecrtuogtday wgtdr ks fciprdsskjad gol fciprdssds akhd g sprkob tc gjscrj tmd dodrby ce tmd kipgft gs tmd vgavd ks facsdl. Rgtdr mgiidr prdssurds grd quktd agrbd. \mdrdecrd, dobkoddrs iust ldskbo  pkpkob systdis tc hddp tmd prdssurd wktmko gffdptgjad akikts. \mks ks lcod jy   Kostgaakob go gffuiuagtcr odgr tmd vgavd gol/cr cpdrgtkob tmd vgavd ko sufm g wgy tmgt rgpkl facsurd ks prdvdotdl. Gffuiuagtcrs igy jd ko tmd ecri ce gkr fmgijdrs ecr rdagtkvday sigaa systdis, cr surbd tgohs.   Kostgaakob prdssurd-rdakde vgavds gt frktkfga pckots ko tmd pkpd systdi. Gogaysks ce wgtdr mgiidr ks jdycol tmd sfcpd ce c e tmks fcursd. Ke tmd prdssurd ce g vcauid ce eaukl ks kofrdgsdl jy lp, kt wkaa fgusd g vcauid ldfrdgsd lv, tmdo tmd juah icluaus ce dagstkfkty ks ldekodl gs Juah icluaus (H) 9 (strdss9fmgobd ko prdssurd) / (vcauidtrkf strgko)

Adfturd octd co eaukl prcpdrtkds/GGV\T

5

 

 

Mylrguakfs-K

H

9 -

lp lv / v

 

v 9 crkbkoga eaukl vcauid

\md odbgtkvd skbo kolkfgtds g ldfrdgsd ko vcauid wktm tmd kofrdgsd ko prdssurd.  9 i/v

Igss ce g fdrtgko vcauid ks fcostgot, lkeedrdotkgtkob . lv i lv lv  7   i      i :           il     v v v v  v    v  

l     l 

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l   



lv

   Vujstktutkob> h   

v lp

l   /   /  

 

 

  \md fcofdpt ce tmd juah icluaus ks igkoay gppakdl tc akqukls, skofd ecr bgsds

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tmd fciprdsskjkakty ks sc brdgt tmgt tmd vgaud ce H ks oct g fcostgot :

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Ecr wgtdr, h ks gpprcxkigtday :740 O/ ii   gt ocriga tdipdrgturds gol  prdssurds.   Ecr stdda h 9 :74000 O/ ii: (k.d. wgtdr ks 700 tkids icrd fciprdsskjad tmgo stdda)