Chapter 5 Cell Division

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5 : CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.1 Chromosomes and Chromosomal Number

Score __ /__ ____

1. Complete the graphic organizer given.

Organisms types

Reproductive cells

________________ _ characteristic

are formed through

mitosis Have two sets of chromosomes i.e. _____________(2n)

___________ characteristic in

Reproductive organs

Have ________ _________of chromosomes i.e. haploid (___) [5 marks] 2. What is a CHROMOSOME? a. The nucleus of a cell contains ___________________ b. Each chromosome consists of a long _______________ molecule which carry genes. c. The number of chromosomes or the ____________ _______________ of a certain species is constant but varied from one species to another. d. In humans, the nucleus in the somatic cell has ________ chromosomes (23 pairs or 2n). The gametes have a _______________ number of chromosomes i.e. 23 chromosomes. [6 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5 : CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.2 : The Cell Cycle

Score __ /__ ____

Complete the graphic organizer below:

The Cell Cycle

Growth phase 1 

Synthesis of ___________ occur

G1 phase



Chromosomes

I

appear as ________________

T

G2 phase DNA Synthesis phase 

E

Replication of ___________ occurs



P

Duplicated chromosomes appear as ________________

Growth phase 2 

The cell _________



The cell is metabolically ________________

[10 marks]

S E

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

Score __ /__ ____

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.3 : Mitosis Complete the table below with suitable words. Stage of mitosis

Diagram

Explanation 

The chromosomes ______________ and become short and thick.



They consists of sister ____________ joined together at the centromere.

METAPHASE



The spindle fibres begin to form.



The _____________ disappears



The nuclear membrane ____________



The centromeres of all chromosomes



line up on the _____________ ___________



The mitotic spindle is now fully formed



The two __________ __________ are still attached to each other.



The two sister chromatids _____________



Each is pulled to the _____________ _____ by the shortening of the spindle fibres.



The two sets of chromosomes reach the opposite poles of the cell

TELOPHASE



The chromosomes become less visible



They become ________________



The spindle fibres disappear



A new nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes [15 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION

Score __ /__ ____

WORKSHEET 5.4 : APPLICATION OF MITOSIS 1. The diagram below shows the sequence in the cloning process. Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.

BLACK & WHITE RABBIT (somatic cell donor)

WHITE RABBIT (Egg cell donor) An unfertilized ____________ is taken from ovary

Somatic cell (2n)

Diploid nucleus is removed

___________ (n) nucleus is removed using UV light

Egg cell without a _________

_______ (2n) nucleus is inserted into empty egg cell

Egg cell contains diploid nucleus

Early embryo

New cloned

Embryo is

rabbit

____________ into

(genetically

surrogate mother

identical with the ____________ rabbit) [7 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Fill in the blanks with the correct answers. Tissue culture is the growth of tissues of living organisms in a suitable and sterile _______________, containing nutrients and growth hormones. [1 mark] 3. The figure below shows the in vitro tissue culture technique. Complete the flow chart below.

A small piece of tissue that is root or ____________, is taken from the carrot

The ____________ is placed onto the culture medium

Plant cells divide by _________ to form a callus

Cells in the _________ develop into embryos and later into plantlets

Plantlets are then transferred to the _______ and grow into adult plants.

[ 5 marks ]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Complete the graphic organizer regarding the advantanges and disadvantanges of cloning below.

Cloning

Disadvantages

Advantages



Produce a ______number



_________________

of genetically identical young plants in a short 



All clones have the same

time.

level of ________ towards

Cloned plants and

certain diseases.

animals give better and



increased _________ for example, better and more 

Clones do not show any

prevent the process of _____________



If the ___________

fruits, milk and meat.

environment changes, then

Cloning prevents

the clones will not survive

endangered species from ___________

[ 7 marks ]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

Score __ /__ ____

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.5: THE IMPORTANCE OF MEIOSIS Fill in the blanks with the correct answers. 1. The importance of meiosis

a. Meiosis is a process of nuclear division to reduce the number of ____________ in the new cells to half the number of chromosomes of the _________________ cells. b. Each gamete contains the ______________ number of chromosomes (n). c. During fertilization, two gametes will fuse together to form a ________________ zygote (2n). Thus, the diploid chromosomal number in organisms can be ____________________. [5 marks] 2. Complete the diagram below about the human life cycle. Haploid ______

Gamete formation through ____________

_______ sperm

Fusion of gamete through __________________

ovary

________ _

_______ zygote (2n = 46)

Multicellular diploid adults (2n = ________)

Development and growth through _____________

[8 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

Score __ /__ ____

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.6 : THE STAGES OF MEIOSIS For question 1, fill in the blanks with the correct answers. 3. The stages in Meiosis

PLANTS

Occurs in 

MEIOSIS

Anthers which produce ___________

stages



In an _____________ to produce the egg cell/ovum

MEIOSIS II

MEIOSIS I _____________

ANIMALS

followed by Metaphase I



_____________

Anaphase II

_____________

_____________

In the _____________ to produce sperms



In the ovary to produce ________________

_ [10 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Meiosis - Draw the diagrams and complete the table below. Diagram

STAGES

Explanation

DIAGRAM

EXPLANATION



The chromosomes begin to condense and become ________and _________



The ____________chromosomes come together to form bivalents through a process called ______________



Each homologous chromosome is made up of two sister _____________

PROPHASE I



Exchange of segments of DNA occur between non-sister chromatids in a process called ________________



The points at which segments of chromatids cross over are called ___________



At the end of this stage, the nucleolus and the nuclear ___________disappear.



The two pairs of centrioles migrate to the opposite pole of the cell which then act as central points from which the ___________ ______________ appear.



The chromosomes are lined up side by side as tetrads on the metaphase _________

 ___________

The _________________ does not divide

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________



The _______________ chromosomes separate and are pulled away by the spindle

ANAPHASE I

fibres to the opposite poles of the cell. 

Although the cell started with 4 chromosomes, only _________ chromosomes move towards each pole.



The chromosomes arrive at the _____________

TELOPHASE I



Each daughter nucleus now has a ___________ number of chromosomes ( only one set of chromosomes/ no more homologous chromosomes )



The spindle fibres disappear.The ___________

____________ reappears to

surround each set of chromosomes, followed by the ____________ process.

CYTOKINESIS takes place 

The nuclear membranes of the daughter cells disintegrate again

PROPHASE II



The spindle fibres reform



The chromosomes (each still made up of sister chromatids) line up at the metaphase plate

METAPHASE II 

Each sister chromatid is attached to the spindle fibres at the centromere.

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________



The centromeres of sister chromatids separate to form individual chromosomes

ANAPHASE II



The chromosomes move towards the opposite poles of the cells

TELOPHASE II



The nucleoli and nuclear membranes reform.



The spindle fibres break down



Cytokinesis occurs



Four haploid daughter cells are formed.

[25 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

Score __ /__ ____

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.7: COMPARING MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS 1. Compare Meiosis I with Meiosis II. Meiosis I

Meiosis II Similarities

a. During prophase, the chromosomes become condensed and ______________ b. In metaphase, the chromosomes align at the __________________________ c. The number of chromosomes in daughter cells is _____________________ Differences During prophase I, ____________

No crossing over occurs during

_____________ occurs.

_________

During metaphase I, ________________

During metaphase II, ________________

chromosomes align at the metaphase

align at the metaphase plate

plate.

Separation of __________ ________to

Separation of _________ ________ to

the opposite poles during Anaphase I.

the opposite poles during Anaphase II.

Number of daughter cells produced are

Number of daughter cells produced are

______________

_________

[11 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Distinguish between mitosis and meiosis. Similarities

Mitosis

Meiosis

1.

_________________________________________

2.

_________________________________________

3.

_________________________________________ Differences

Mitosis

Meiosis Aspect Location of occurrence

Number of nuclear division

Synapsis of homologous chromosomes

Crossing over

Number of daughter cells produced

Chromosomal number in daughter cells

Genetic content in daughter cells

Role

[19 marks]

Name : _____________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division ___________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.8 CELL CYCLE – Summary

CELL CYCLE

Complete the concept map below [16 marks]

Stage

INTERPHASE

M phase

Stage

in

type

Meiosis S phase

Score __ /__ ____

Stage

Stage Prophase

Animal cell

Plant cell

Formation of

Formation of plat cell

____________ ___________

Anaphase I

followed by

Telophase II

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Score __ /__ ____

CHAPTER 5: CELL DIVISION WORKSHEET 5.9 Summary Complete the following crossword puzzle.

1

2

3

4

5

7

6

8

12 11

9

10

13

14

15

16

[16 marks]

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division

________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Clues for the crossword puzzle. Across : 1. A membrane- bound structure within a cell which carries out a particular function. 4. A thread-like structure composed of chromatin and carries genes in a linear sequence which determines the individual characteristics of an organism. 7. The green pigment found in all photosynthetic organisms such as green plants, algae and some bacteria. 9. The process of nuclear division which results in the formation of two genetically identical daughter nuclei. 10. The stage at which the sister chromatids are pulled apart to the opposite poles of the cell during mitosis. 14. The solution that fills the vacuoles of plant cells. It contains sugars, amino acids and waste materials. 15. The process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes in daughter cells to half that of the parent cell. 16. Cytoplasmic division is also known as ___________________ Down : 2.

A unit of inheritance composed of a sequence of nucleotides of DNA.

3.

A small dense round body within the nucleus of a non dividing eukaryotic cell that is the site of ribosome assembly.

5. The stage at which the chromosomes are arranged randomly at the metaphase plate during mitosis. 6.

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

8.

Membrane-bound sacs that contain hydrolytic enzymes which digest complex organic molecules.

11. Gametes contain only one set of unpaired chromosomes or a ______________ number of chromosomes (n). 12. Deoxyribonucleic acid. 13. During prophase of mitosis, each pair of centrioles acts as a central point from which the _________________ fibres radiate.

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 5 : CELL DIVISION (SUMMARY) WORKSHEET 5.10 : Cell & Mitosis Crossword Puzzle

5.10/1

Name : _____________________________

Chapter 5 Cell Division __________________________________________________________________________________________ CLUES: ACROSS 1. One member of a chromosome doublet. 6. Dark-staining body (composed of 2 chromatids) inside a cell during M-phase. 7. Chromosome number of sterile animals such as a mule. 9. Body part with definite physiological function (made up of more than one type of tissue). 10. Shrinkage of the cell contents (within cell membrane) due to water loss. 12. Prominent intracellular plant organelle that contains mostly water. 14. World's smallest flowering plant that produces the world's smallest fruit. 17. Phase of mitosis when conjoined sister chromatids separate from each other. 18. Number of haploid sets in a hexaploid cell. 20. Diameter of field of view in millimeters when using the 4X objective. 21. Purple, grape-like bodies inside cells of a potato tuber. 22. Phase of mitosis when chromosomes become visibly shortened and thickened. 23. Organelle site of cellular respiration and ATP production. 26. Number of haploid sets of chromosomes in a decaploid cell. 28. Aggregation of the same type of cells all performing a similar function. 29. Exactly 1000 of these metric units equals one millimeter. 30. Color of dye used to stain cheek epithelial cells in the Biology lab. 31. A female chicken (domestic fowl). [The opposite of a rooster.] 32. Acronym for Palomar Community College. 35. Movement of water molecules through a selectively-permeable cell membrane. 39. Phase of mitosis when chromosome doublets line up along the equatorial plate. 40. Primary molecular composition of chromatids--in addition to protein. 41. Site of synthesis of ribosomal RNA within the nucleus of a cell. 43. A haploid female reproductive cell. 44. Minute, membrane-bound structure in cytoplasm with a specific function. CLUES: DOWN 1. Found in the cytoplasm of animal cells during M-phase (typically in pairs). 2. Approximately 25 of these metric units makes one inch. 3. Stain used to test for the presence of starch molecules. 4. How many cubical grains of ordinary table salt (NaCl) equals one millimeter? 5. Number of Barr bodies inside the cheek cell of a human male. 6. Photosynthetic organelle inside plant cells. 8. Cell with two sets of chromosomes. 11. Mitosis actually refers to the division of this organelle into duplicates. 13. Region where 2 chromatids of a chromosome doublet are attached. 14. Plant cell structure composed of cellulose and lignin. 15. Radiating protein strands at poles of an animal cell during M-phase. 16. Number of sets of chromosomes in a diploid cell. 19. Phase of cell cycle when the organelles and chromosomes replicate. 20. Number of cells in field of view with 4X objective (each cell is 0.8 mm). 24. Number of Barr bodies inside cheek cell of male with Klinefelter's Syndrome. 25. Movement of water molecules into porous material causing swelling. 27. Number of haploid sets of chromosomes in a nonaploid cell. 28. Phase of plant mitosis when the cell plate forms. 29. One set of chromosomes from the mother. 32. One set of chromosomes from the father. 33. Intracellular (intravacuolar) plant structure composed of calcium oxalate. 34. Cell with only one set of chromosomes. 36. Season of the year when smallest, most dense oak wood cells are produced. 37. Season of the year when largest stem (xylem) cells of an oak are produced. 38. Protein strands that attach to the centromere region during M-phase of cell cycle. 42. Smallest subunit of a living system--containing cytoplasm and organelles.