Chapter 20 Wade 8th

Organic Chemistry , *th Edition L. +. 'ade, r.

Chapter 20 Lecture Carboxylic Acids

i!alia "laus#eyer  $aylor %ni&ersity 'aco, () © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Introduction 

(he -unctional roup o- carboxylic carboxylic acids consists o- a C/ ith  bonded to the sa#e carbon.

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Carboxyl roup is usually ritten C.

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 Aliphatic acids acids ha&e an al4yl al4yl roup bonded to C.

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 Aro#atic acids ha&e ha&e an aryl roup. roup.

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5atty acids are lon6chain aliphatic acids.

Co##on 7a#es

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8any aliphatic acids ha&e historical na#es.

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Positions o- substituents on the chain are labeled ith +ree4 letters startin at the carbon attached to the carboxylic carbon.

I%PAC 7a#es

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e#o&e the -inal 6e 6 e -ro# al4ane na#e, and add the endin 6oic 6 oic acid .

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(he carbon o- the carboxyl roup is :1.

%nsaturated Acids

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e#o&e the -inal 6e 6 e -ro# al4ene na#e, and add the endin 6oic 6oic acid .

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.

 Aro#atic Acids

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 Aro#atic acids are na#ed na#e d as deri&ati&es o- benzoic acid.

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Ortho6, Ortho6, meta6, meta6, and para and para66 pre-ixes are used to speci-y the location o- a second substituent.

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7u#bers are used to speci-y locations hen #ore than to substituents are present.

icarboxylic Acids 

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 Aliphatic diacids are usually called by their co##on na#es usin +ree4 letters beinnin ith the carbon next to the carboxyl roup. 5or I%PAC na#e, nu#ber the chain -ro# the end closest to a substituent.

D 1? °C

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Linoleic acid =to cis double bonds>D ; °C