Chapter 14

 

 Gssg`tknls cj Crin`kzntkc`n  Gssg`tknls Crin`kzntkc`nll Dgmnvkcr, Dgmnvkcr, >6g (Tcddk`s/Oufig) >6g (Tcddk`s/Oufig) Amnptgr >6 Ac`jlkat n`f @gictkntkc`

>) SSSSSSSS ks fgjk`gf ns n prcagss tmnt dgik`s wmg` c`g pnrty pgragkvgs n`ctmgr pnrty mns cr ks ndcut tc `gintkvgly njjgat scegtmk`i tmg jkrst pnrty anrgs ndcut. N) Xrcdlge sclvk`i D) Nssgsseg`t A) Ac`jlkat F) @gictkntkc` G) Acllgatkvg dnrink`k`i N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Ac`jlkat ks fgjk`gf ns n prcagss tmnt dgik`s wmg` c`g pnrty pgragkvgs n`ctmgr  pnrty mns cr ks ndcut tc `gintkvgly njjgat scegtmk`i tmg jkrst pnrty pnrty anrgs ndcut. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. 4) Naacrfk`i tc tmg trnfktkc`nl vkgw cj ac`jlkat, ac` jlkat, ac`jlkat ks SSSSSSSS. N) mnrejul D) `nturnl A) `gagssnry F) mgnltmy G) rntkc`nl N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) Vmg trnfktkc`nl npprcnam tc ac`jlkat nssuegf nll ac`jlk ac`jlkat at wns dnf n`f tc dg nvckfgf. Kt wns vkgwgf `gintkvgly n`f fksaussgf wktm suam tgres ns vkclg`ag, fgstruatkc`, n`f krrntkc`nlkty tc rgk`jcrag kts `gintkvg ac``ctntkc`. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. 1) SSSSSSSS ac`jlkat suppcrts tmg icnls cj tmg ircup wmklg SSSSSSSS aac`jlkat c`jlkat mk`fgrs ircup  pgrjcren`ag. N) K`tgrnatkc`kst2 fysju`atkc`nl D) Ju`atkc`nl2 fysju`atkc`nl A) Fysju`atkc`nl2 ju`atkc`nl F) Fysju`atkc`nl2 k`tgrnatkc`kst G) Ju`atkc`nl2 k`tgrnatkc`kst N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Yktmk` tmg k`tgrnatkc`kst k`tgrnatkc`kst vkgwpck`t, ac`jlkat an` dg dctm pcsktkvg n`f `gintkvg. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. > Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

6) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i wculf dg n` gxneplg cj n ju`atkc`nl ac`jlkat wktmk` n` crin`kzntkc`3 N) Vwc acwcrbgrs tryk`i tc fgakfg wmgrg tc gnt lu`am D) Vwc acwcrbgrs tryk`i tc fgakfg wmgrg tc mclf tmg stnjj rgtrgnt A) Vwc acwcrbgrs gnam tryk`i tc igt tmg cpg` en`nigrknl pcsktkc` F) Vwc acwcrbgrs wmc wgrg enrrkgf igttk`i n fkvcrag G) Vwc acwcrbgrs gnam argntk`i n `gw prcfuat N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) N ju`atkc`nl ac`jlkat suppcrts tmg icnls cj tmg ircup, keprcvgs kts pgrjcren`ag, n`f ks ac`struatkvg. Ycrbk`i tmrcuim fgtgrek`k`i tmg lcantkc` cj tmg rgtrgnt eggts nll cj tmgsg `ggfs. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? K`tgrpgrsc`nl Tglntkc`s Tglntkc`s n`f tgnewcrb  ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. 7) Naacrfk`i tc n rgag`t stufy, mkim lgvgls cj ac`jlkat dgtwgg` tgnes anusgf k`fkvkfunls tc  SSSSSSSS. N) gxmkdkt mkim lgvgls cj acu`tgrprcfuatkvg wcrb dgmnvkcrs dg mnvkcrs D) gxmkdkt mkim lgvgls cj aktkzg`smkp dgmnvkcrs A) gxmkdkt mypgracepgtktkvg dgmnvkcrs F) gxmkdkt mkimgr lgvgls cj aceplkn`ag wktm tgne `cres G) gxmkdkt mkimgr lgvgls cj Fnrb Vrknf dgmnvkcrs N`swgr? F Gxpln`ntkc`? F) Ymg` ac`jlkat dgtwgg` twc cr tgnes ks caaurrk`i, caaurrk`i, tmg strgss cj tmg ac`jlkat an` rgsult k` k`fkvkfunls mclfk`i jnst tc tmg vnlugs wktmk` tmgkr cw` spgakjka tgnes. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. :) Yktm rgjgrg`ag tc tmg k`tgrnatkc`kst vkgw cj ac`jlkat, ac`jlkat tmnt rglntgs tc tmg ac`tg`t n`f icnls cj wcrb ks anllgf SSSSSSSS ac`jlkat. N) ocd D) tnsb  A) rglntkc`smkp F) prcagss G) aceeu`kantkc` N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Vnsb ac`jlkat rglntgs rglntgs tc tmg ac`tg`t n`f icnls cj tmg wcrb. Lcw tc ecfgrntg ecfgrntg lgvgls cj tnsb ac`jlkat stkeulntg fksausskc` cj kfgns. Vnsb ac`jlkat ks rglntgf tc pcsktkvg cutacegs c`ly wmg` nll egedgrs smnrg tmg sneg icnls n`f mnvg mkim lgvgls cj trust. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat.

4 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

9) Naacrfk`i tc tmg k`tgrnatkc`kst vkgw, SSSSSSSS ac`jlkats suppcrt tmg icnls cj tmg ircup n`f keprcvg kts pgrjcren`ag. N) jcrenl D) k`jcrenl A) ju`atkc`nl F) fysju`atkc`nl G) rgnatkvg N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Vmg k`tgrnatkc`kst vkgw fcgs `ct prcpcsg tmnt nll ac`jlkats nrg iccf. Tntmgr, ju`atkc`nl ac`jlkat suppcrts tmg icnls cj tmg ircup n`f n` f keprcvgs kts pgrjcren`ag n`f ks, tmus, n ac`struatkvg jcre cj ac`jlkat. N ac`jlkat tmnt mk`fgrs ircup pgrjcren`ag ks n fgstruatkvg cr fysju`atkc`nl ac`jlkat. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. =) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i stntgeg`ts ks trug rginrfk`i tnsb ac`jlkats3 N) Vnsb ac`jlkats rglntg tc mcw tmg wcrb igts ig ts fc`g. D) Vnsb ac`jlkats nrg nlecst nlwnys fysju`atkc`nl. A) Ircups pgrjcrek`i rcutk`g tnsbs wc`'t dg`gjkt jrce tnsb ac`jlkat. F) Vnsb ac`jlkat jcausgs c` k`tgrpgrsc`nl rglntkc`smkps. G) Vnsb ac`jlkats mk`fgr argntkvkty n`f k``cvntkc`. N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Vnsb ac`jlkat rglntgs rglntgs tc tmg ac`tg`t n`f icnls cj tmg wcrb. Lcw tc ecfgrntg ecfgrntg lgvgls cj tnsb ac`jlkat stkeulntg fksausskc` cj kfgns. Vnsb ac`jlkats rglntg pcsktkvgly tc argntkvkty n`f k``cvntkc`. Ircups pgrjcrek`i rcutk`g tnsbs tmnt fc`'t rgqukrg rglntkvkty wc`'t dg`gjkt jrce tnsb ac`jlkat. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. ;) Ymg` ycur wcrb ircup fksnirggs, tmg fksnirggeg`ts usunlly ac`agr` mcw tmg ircup's wcrb smculf dg naaceplksmgf. Vmg typg cj ac`jlkat gxpgrkg`agf dy ycur ircup ks SSSSSSSS. N) tnsb ac`jlkat D) rglntkc`smkp ac`jlkat A) prcagss ac`jlkat F) trnfktkc`nl ac`jlkat G) rgnatkvg ac`jlkat N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Xrcagss ac`jlkat rglntgs rglntgs tc mcw tmg wcrb igts igts fc`g. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. 1 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

>8) [cu nrg n enrbgtk`i fkrgatcr jcr n lnrig jccf en`ujnaturgr. Lntgly, ycu mnvg `ctkagf tmnt ycu nrg spg`fk`i n irgnt fgnl ecrg tkeg nt wcrb, scegtkegs >6 mcurs n fny, dganusg ycur dgst jrkg`f, wmc ks mgnf cj prcfuat fgvglcpeg`t, ac`tk`ugs tc nsb ycu tc sgrvg c` tnstg tgst pn`gls jcr `gw prcfuats. Ymkam typg(s) cj ac`jlkat nrg ycu gxpgrkg`ak`i3 N) tnsb  D) rglntkc`smkp A) prcagss F) dctm N n`f D G) nll N, D, n`f A N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) [cur ocd ks `ct tc tgst `gw prcfuats2 mcwgvgr, kt ks ycur rglntkc`smkp rglntkc`smkp ac`jlkat wmkam ks anusk`i ycu tc spg`f ecrg mcurs nt wcrb. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? Tgjlgatkvg tmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. >>) Qceg stufkgs suiigst tmnt SSSSSSSS lgvgls cj tnsb ac`jlkat k` tmg gnrly fgvglcpeg`t stnigs  SSSSSSSS argntkvkty k` ircups. N) lcw2 k`argnsgs D) ecfgrntg2 k`argnsgs A) mkim2 ektkintgs F) ecfgrntg2 fgargnsgs G) lcw2 fgargnsgs N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Ecfgrntg lgvgls cj ac`jlkat an` k`argnsg argntkvkty, dut wmg` ac`jlkat dgacegs tcc prcek`g`t, ircup pgrjcren`ag ks mnregf. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. >4) Vmg k`tgrnatkc`kst vkgw cj ac`jlkat prcpcsgs tmnt nll ac`jlkats nrg iccf. iccf . N`swgr? JNLQG Gxpln`ntkc`? Vmg k`tgrnatkc`kst vkgw fcgs `ct prcpcsg tmnt nll ac`jlk ac`jlkats ats nrg iccf. Kt alnsskjkgs alnsskjkgs ac`jlkats ns ju`atkc`nl n`f fysju`atkc`nl. Ju`atkc`nl ac`jlkat suppcrts tmg icnls icn ls cj tmg ircup n`f keprcvgs kts pgrjcren`ag wmgrgns fysju`atkc`nl ac`jlkat mk`fgrs ircup pgrjcren`ag. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat.

6 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

>1) Jcr prcagss ac`jlkat tc dg prcfuatkvg, kt eust dg bgpt nt ecfgrntg-tc-mkim lgvgls. N`swgr? JNLQG Gxpln`ntkc`? Xrcagss ac`jlkat rglntgs tc mcw tmg wcrb igts fc`g. Jcr prcagss ac`jlkat tc dg  prcfuatkvg, kt eust dg bgpt lcw. K`tg`sg nriueg`ts ndcut wmc smculf fc wmnt dgaceg fysju`atkc`nl wmg` tmgy argntg u`agrtnk`ty ndcut ndcu t tnsb rclgs, k`argnsg tmg tkeg tc aceplgtg tnsbs, n`f lgnf tc egedgrs wcrbk`i nt arcss-purpcsgs. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. >6) Tglntkc`smkp ac`jlkats nrg nlecst nlwnys fysju`atkc`nl. N`swgr? VTWG Gxpln`ntkc`? Qtufkgs fgec`strntg tmnt rglntkc`smkp rglntkc`smkp ac`jlkats nrg nl nlecst ecst nlwnys fysju`atkc`nl. Kt nppgnrs tmnt tmg jrkatkc` n`f k`tgrpgrsc`nl mcstklktkgs k`mgrg`t k` rglntkc`smkp ac`jlkats k`argnsg  pgrsc`nlkty alnsmgs n`f fgargnsg eutunl u`fgrstn`fk`i, wmkam mk`fgrs tmg aceplgtkc` cj crin`kzntkc`nl tnsbs. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. >7) Vnsb ac`jlkats an` prcvkfg pcsktkvg cutacegs c`ly wmg` nll egedgrs smnrg tmg sneg ic icnls nls n`f mnvg mkim lgvgls cj trust. N`swgr? VTWG Gxpln`ntkc`? Vnsb ac`jlkat rglntgs tc tmg ac`tg`t n`f icnls cj tmg tmg wcrb. Lcw tc ecfgrntg lgvgls cj tnsb ac`jlkat stkeulntg fksausskc` cj kfgns. Vnsb ac`jlkats an` prcvkfg pcsktkvg cutacegs c`ly wmg` nll egedgrs smnrg tmg sneg icnls n`f mnvg mkim lgvgls cj trust. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat. >:) Egedgrs cj tmg cutircup nrg dgttgr d gttgr tmn` tmcsg k` tmg k`ircup nt rgsclvk`i ac`jlkats. N`swgr? VTWG Gxpln`ntkc`? Qtufkgs mnvg smcw` tmnt tgne egedgrs egedgrs wmc nrg `ct nt tmg acrg cj tmg ircup nrg  dgttgr ndlg tc rgsclvg ac`jlkats sc lc`i ns tmgy nrg stkll naacu`tndlg tc tmg ircup ns n wmclg. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Qy`tmgsks LC? >6.> Fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg typgs typgs cj ac`jlkat n`f tmg tmrgg llcak cak cj ac`jlkat.

7 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

>9) Ac`fktkc`s tmnt an` argntg ac`jlkats an` dg alnsskjkgf k`tc tmrgg antgicrkgs. Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i ks c`g cj tmgsg tmrgg antgicrkgs tmnt k`alufgs vnrkndlgs suam ns ourksfkatkc`nl alnrkty, egedgr‑icnl acepntkdklkty, n`f lgnfgrsmkp stylgs3 N) aceeu`kantkc` D) struaturg A) pgrsc`nl vnrkndlgs F) ircup k`tgrnatkc`s G) prcagss vnrkndlgs N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Vmg tgre struaturg struaturg k` tmks ac`tgxt k`alufgs k`alufgs vnrkndlgs suam ns skzg, fgirgg cj spgaknlkzntkc` k` tmg tnsbs nsski`gf tc ircup egedgrs, ourksfkatkc`nl alnrkty, egedgr‑icnl acepntkdklkty, lgnfgrsmkp stylgs, rgwnrf systges, n`f tmg fgirgg cj fgpg`fg`ag dgtwgg` ircups. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. >=) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i stntgeg`ts ks trug rginrfk`i ac`jlkat3 N) Vmg senllgr tmg ircup, tmg irgntgr tmg lkbglkmccf cj ac`jlkat. D) Vmg lgss spgaknlkzgf tmg natkvktkgs cj tmg ircup, tmg irgntgr tmg lkbglkmccf cj ac`jlkat. A) Xgcplg lcw k` tmg pgrsc`nlkty trnkts cj fksnirggndlg`gss, `gurctkakse, cr sglj-ec`ktcrk`i nrg ecrg lkbgly tc g`inig k` n ac`jlkat. F) Fkvgrskty cj icnls nec`i ircups ks n enocr scurag cj ac`jlkat. G) Ns tmg nedkiukty ndcut wmgrg rgspc`skdklkty jcr natkc`s lkgs fgargnsgs, tmg pctg`tknl jcr ac`jlkat k`argnsgs. N`swgr? F Gxpln`ntkc`? F) Fkvgrskty cj icnls nec`i ircups ks n enocr scurag cj ac`jlkat. Xgcplg mkim k` tmg pgrsc`nlkty trnkts cj fksnirggndlg`gss, `gurctkakse, cr sglj-ec`ktcrk`i nrg ecrg lkbgly tc g`inig k` n ac`jlkat. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss.

: Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

>;) Qtnig KK cj tmg ac`jlkat prcagss fgnls wktm tmg ac`jlkat dgk`i SSSSSSSS. N) pgragkvgf n`f jglt D) nppnrg`t n`f gxpgrkg`agf A) gxprgssgf n`f pgragkvgf F) accpgrntkvg n`f nssgrtkvg G) naaceecfntgf n`f aceprceksgf N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) Vmg pctg`tknl jcr cppcsktkc` cppcsktkc` cr k`acepntkdklkty k`acepntkdklkty dgacegs natunlkzgf k` tmg sgac`f stnig. Dganusg n ac`jlkat ac `jlkat ks n pgragkvgf ac`jlkat fcgs `ct egn` kt ks pgrsc`nlkzgf. Kt ks nt tmg jglt ac`jlkat lgvgl, wmg` k`fkvkfunls dgaceg gectkc`nlly k`vclvgf, tmnt pnrtkgs gxpgrkg`ag n`xkgty, tg`skc`, jrustrntkc`, cr mcstklkty. mc stklkty. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 48) Vmg SSSSSSSS stnig cj tmg ac`jlkat prcagss ks kepcrtn`t dganusg kt's wmgrg ac`jlkat kssugs tg`f tc dg fgjk`gf. N) pctg`tknl cppcsktkc` D) aci`ktkc` n`f pgrsc`nlkzntkc` A) k`tuktkc`s F) dgmnvkcr  G) rgnatkc` n`f trn`sjgrg`ag N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Vmg aci`ktkc` n`f pgrsc`nlkzntkc` pgrsc`nlkzntkc` stnig cj tmg ac`jlkat prcagss ks kepcrtn`t  dganusg kt's wmgrg ac`jlkat kssugs tg`f tc dg fgjk`gf. Vmks ks tmg pck`t wmg` tmg pnrtkgs fgakfg wmnt tmg ac`jlkat ks ndcut. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 4>) SSSSSSSS ks tmgkr tmg tmkrf k` tmg ac`jlkat prcagss n`f kt k`tgrvg`gs dgtwgg` pgcplg's  pgragptkc`s n`f cvgrtstnig dgmnvkcr. N) Xctg`tknl jcr cppcsktkc` D) K`tg`tkc` A) Aci`ktkc` F) Nttrkdutkc` G) Dgmnvkcrnl en`kjgstntkc` N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) K`tg`tkc`s k`tgrvg`g k`tgrvg`g dgtwgg` pgcplg's pgragptkc`s n`f gectkc`s n`f tmgkr cvgrt  dgmnvkcr. Vmgy nrg fgakskc`s tc nat k` n ikvg` wny. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 9 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

44) Ymg` c`g pgrsc` sggbs tc sntksjy mks cr mgr cw` k`tgrgsts rginrflgss cj tmg kepnat c` tmg ctmgr pnrtkgs tc tmg ac`jlkat, tmnt pgrsc` ks SSSSSSSS. N) acepgtk`i D) nvckfk`i A) naaceecfntk`i F) aceprceksk`i G) acllndcrntk`i N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) Ymg` c`g pgrsc` sggbs tc sntksjy mks cr mgr cw` k`tgrgst k`tgrgstss rginrflgss cj tmg kepnat c` tmg ctmgr pnrtkgs tc tmg ac`jlkat, tmnt pgrsc` ks acepgtk`i. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 41) Vmg ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i tgam`kqugs nrg amnrnatgrkzgf dy twc fkeg`skc`s, accpgrntkvg`gss n`f nssgrtkvg`gss. Accpgrntkvg`gss k`fkantgs tmg fgirgg tc wmkam SSSSSSSS. SSSSSSS S. N) c`g pnrty nttgepts tc sntksjy mks cr mgr cw` ac`agr`s D) c`g pnrty nttgepts tc supprgss tmg ac`jlkat A) tmg pnrtkgs nttgept tc jk`f n wk`-wk` sclutkc` F) c`g pnrty nttgepts tc sntksjy tmg ctmgr pnrty's ac`agr`s G) tmg pnrtkgs nrg wkllk`i tc k`vclvg tmkrf-pnrty ac`jlkat rgsclutkc` tgam`kqugs N`swgr? F Gxpln`ntkc`? F) Accpgrntkvg`gss k`fkantgs tmg fgirgg tc wmkam c`g pnrty nttge nttgepts pts tc sntksjy tmg ctmgr pnrty's ac`agr`s. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 46) Dnsgf c` tmg fkeg`skc`s cj accpgrntkvg`gss n`f nssgrtkvg`gss, tmg ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i k`tg`tkc`s nrg alnsskjkgf k`tc jkvg antgicrkgs. Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i ks `ct c`g cj tmgsg jkvg ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i N) acllndcrntk`i k`tg`tkc`s3 D) acepgtk`i A) naaceecfntk`i F) nvckfk`i G) rgskstk`i N`swgr? G Gxpln`ntkc`? G) Yg an` kfg`tkjy jkvg jkvg ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i k`tg`tkc`s? acepgtk acepgtk`i `i (nssgrtkvg n`f u`accpgrntkvg), acllndcrntk`i (nssgrtkvg n`f accpgrntkvg), nvckfk`i (u`nssgrtkvg n`f u`accpgrntkvg), naaceecfntk`i (u`nssgrtkvg n`f accpgrntkvg), n`f aceprceksk`i (ekfrn`ig c`  dctm nssgrtkvg`gss n`f accpgrntkvg`gss). Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. = Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

47) Vmg ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i k`tg`tkc` cj acllndcrntk`i ks SSSSSSSS. SSSSSS SS. N) nssgrtkvg n`f u`accpgrntkvg D) nssgrtkvg n`f accpgrntkvg A) u`nssgrtkvg n`f u`accpgrntkvg F) u`nssgrtkvg n`f accpgrntkvg G) njjgatkvg n`f rgjlgatkvg N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Acllndcrntk`i k`tg`tkc`s nrg nssgrtkvg nssgrtkvg n`f accpgrntkvg. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 4:) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i k`tg`tkc`s ks u`nssgrtkvg n`f u`accpgrntkvg3 u`acc pgrntkvg3 N) acepgtk`i D) acllndcrntk`i A) nvckfk`i F) aceprceksk`i G) naaceecfntk`i N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Nvckfk`i k`tg`tkc`s k`tg`tkc`s nrg u`nssgrtkvg u`nssgrtkvg n`f u`accpgrntkvg. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 49) Vmg ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i k`tg`tkc` cj naaceecfntk`i ks SSSSSSSS. N) nssgrtkvg n`f u`accpgrntkvg D) nssgrtkvg n`f accpgrntkvg A) u`nssgrtkvg n`f u`accpgrntkvg F) u`nssgrtkvg n`f accpgrntkvg G) rgjlgatkvg N`swgr? F n`f nssgrtkvg Gxpln`ntkc`? F) Naaceecfntk`i k`tg`tkc`s k`tg`tkc`s nrg u`nssgrtkvg u`nssgrtkvg n`f accpgrntkvg. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss.

; Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

4=) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i k`tg`tkc`s k`vclvgs nttgeptk`i tc jk`f n wk`-wk` sclutkc`3 N) nvckfk`i D) acllndcrntk`i A) naaceecfntk`i F) aceprceksk`i G) acepgtk`i N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) K` acllndcrntk`i, tmg pnrtkgs pnrtkgs k`tg`f tc sclvg n pr prcdlge cdlge dy alnrkjyk`i fkjjgrg`ags fkjjgrg`ags rntmgr tmn` dy naaceecfntk`i vnrkcus pck`ts cj vkgw. Kj ycu nttgept tc jk`f n wk`-wk` sclutkc` tmnt nllcws dctm pnrtkgs' icnls tc dg aceplgtgly namkgvgf, tmnt's acllndcrntk`i. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 4;) N`iglk`n jggls tmnt mgr audkalg `gkimdcr tnlbs lcufly c` tmg pmc`g, dut k` ctmgr wnys smg ks n irgnt `gkimdcr. N`iglk`n igts n``cygf gvgry tkeg mgr `gkimdcr's pmc`g rk`is, dut smg mns fgakfgf kt's skeply `ct wcrtm tmg trcudlg tc tnlb tc mgr `gkimdcr. N`iglk`n's ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i k`tg`tkc` ks anllgf SSSSSSSS. N) acepgtk`i D) nvckfk`i A) naaceecfntk`i F) aceprceksk`i G) acllndcrntk`i N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) N pgrsc` eny rgaci`kzg n ac`jlkat gxksts n`f wn`t tc wktmfrnw jrce cr supprgss kt. Gxneplgs cj nvckfk`i k`alufg tryk`i tc ki`crg n ac`jlkat n`f nvckfk`i ctmgrs wktm wmce ycu fksnirgg. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss.

>8 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

18) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i cutacegs ks `ct n fysju`atkc`nl ac`sgqug`ag cj ac ac`jlkat3 `jlkat3 N) fkssclutkc` cj aceec` tkgs D) rgnssgsseg`t cj ircup icnls A) fgstruatkc` cj tmg ircup F) pccr aceeu`kantkc` G) rgfuagf ircup acmgskvg`gss N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Vmg fgstruatkvg ac`sgqug`ags cj ac`jlkat ac`jlkat c` tmg pgrjcren`ag cj n ir ircup cup cr n` crin`kzntkc` nrg ig`grnlly wgll b`cw`? u`ac`trcllgf u`ac` trcllgf cppcsktkc` drggfs fksac`tg`t, wmkam nats tc fkssclvg aceec` tkgs n`f gvg`tunlly lgnfs tc tmg fgstruatkc` cj tmg ircup. Nec`i tmg u`fgskrndlg ac`sgqug`ags nrg pccr aceeu`kantkc`, rgfuatkc`s k` ircup acmgskvg`gss, n`f sudcrfk`ntkc` cj ircup icnls tc tmg prkenay cj k`jkimtk`i nec`i egedgrs. Vmg argntkc` cj ` `gw gw kfgns, rgnssgsseg`t cj ircup icnls n`f natkvktkgs, n`f k`argnsg k` tmg prcdndklkty tmnt tmg ircup wkll rgspc`f tc amn`ig nrg ju`atkc`nl cutacegs cj ac`jlkat. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 1>) Kren fcgs `ct nirgg wktm tmg stn`fnrf cpgrntk`i prcagfurgs nfnptgf jcr tmg `gw prcogat. Mcwgvgr, smg fksaussgs tmg ktges wktm tmg tgne n`f acegs tc b`cw tmnt smg wns k` tmg ek`crkty. Qmg mns, tmgrgjcrg, fgakfgf tc naagpt tmg `gw prcagfurgs tc enk`tnk` secctm cpgrntkc`s wktmk` tmg tgne. Vmks typg cj k`tg`tkc` ks anllgf SSSSSSSS. N) snarkjkak`i D) naaceecfntk`i A) acllndcrntk`i F) aceprceksk`i G) acepgtk`i N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) N pnrty wmc sggbs tc nppgnsg n` cppc`g`t eny dg wkllk`i ttc c plnag tmg cppc`g`t's k`tgrgsts ndcvg mks cr mgr cw`, snarkjkak`i tc enk`tnk` tmg rglntkc`smkp. Yg rgjgr tc tmks k`tg`tkc` ns naaceecfntk`i. Quppcrtk`i scegc`g glsg's cpk`kc` fgspktg ycur rgsgrvntkc`s ndcut kt, jcr gxneplg, ks naaceecfntk`i. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss.

>> Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

14) Vmg ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i tgam`kqugs nrg amnrnatgrkzgf dy twc fkeg`skc`s, accpgrntkvg`gss n`f nssgrtkvg`gss. Nssgrtkvg`gss k`fkantgs tmg fgirgg tc wmkam SSSSSSSS. N) c`g pnrty nttgepts tc sntksjy mks cr mgr cw` ac`agr`s D) c`g pnrty nttgepts tc supprgss tmg ac`jlkat A) tmg pnrtkgs nttgept tc jk`f n wk`-wk` sclutkc` F) c`g pnrty nttgepts tc sntksjy tmg ctmgr pnrty's ac`agr`s G) tmg pnrtkgs nrg wkllk`i tc k`vclvg tmkrf-pnrty ac`jlkat rgsclutkc` tgam`kqugs N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) Nssgrtkvg`gss k`fkantgs tmg fgirgg tc wmkam c`g pnrt pnrty y nttgepts tc sntks sntksjy jy mks cr mgr cw` ac`agr`s. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 11) Lgnm mns jcu`f sceg gtmkanl prcdlges wktm tmg mgnltmanrg pclkay cj mgr crin`kzntkc`. Qmg b`cws smg ks rkimt k` ac`skfgrk`i tmks ns n vktnl kssug tc mgr crin`kzntkc`'s wgljnrg. Qmg jk`fs tmnt ctmgrs nrg tnbk`i nfvn`tnig cj mgr m gr `c`acepgtktkvg dgmnvkcr. Ymkam ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i strntgiy smculf Lgnm sglgat k` tmks sktuntkc`3 N) acepgtktkc` D) acllndcrntkc` A) nvckfn`ag F) naaceecfntkc` G) aceprceksg N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) Wsg acepgtktkc` acepgtktkc` wmg` qukab fgakskvg natkc` ks `ggfgf (k` gegr gegrig`akgs), ig`akgs), wmg` kssugs nrg kepcrtn`t, wmg` u`pcpulnr natkc`s `ggf tc dg keplgeg`tgf (k` acst auttk`i, g`jcrageg`t cj u`pcpulnr rulgs, fksakplk`g), wmg` tmg kssug ks vktnl tc tmg crin`kzntkc`'s wgljnrg n`f ycu b`cw ycu'rg rkimt, n`f wmg` ctmgrs nrg tnbk`i nfvn`tnig cj `c`acepgtktkvg dgmnvkcr. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss.

>4 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

16) Vylgr mns cjtg` dgg` sgg` tc dg geplcyk`i naaceecfntkc` ns mks ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i strntgiy. K` wmkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i sktuntkc`s wculf Vylgr's strntgiy dg ecst suktndlg3 N) wmg` mg pgragkvgs `c amn`ag cj sntksjyk`i mks ac`agr`s D) wmg` n` kssug ks trkvknl cr syeptcentka cj ctmgr kssugs A) wmg` intmgrk`i k`jcrentkc` supgrsgfgs keegfkntg fgakskc` F) wmg` ctmgrs an` rgsclvg tmg ac`jlkat ecrg gjjgatkvgly G) wmg` mnrec`y n`f stndklkty nrg gspgaknlly kepcrtn`t N`swgr? G Gxpln`ntkc`? G) Wsg naaceecfntkc` wmg` ycu jk`f ycu'rg wrc`i, wmg` ycu `ggf tc lgnr` cr smcw rgnsc`ndlg`gss, wmg` ycu smculf nllcw n dgttgr pcsktkc` tc dg mgnrf, wmg` kssugs nrg ecrg kepcrtn`t tc ctmgrs tmn` tc ycursglj, wmg` ycu wn`t tc sntksjy ctmgrs n`f enk`tnk` accpgrntkc`, wmg` ycu an` duklf scaknl argfkts jcr lntgr kssugs, wmg` ycu nrg cutentamgf n`f lcsk`i (tc ek`kekzg lcss), wmg` mnrec`y n`f stndklkty nrg gspgaknlly kepcrtn`t, n`f wmg` geplcyggs an` fgvglcp dy lgnr`k`i jrce ekstnbgs. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 17) N pnrty wmc sggbs tc nppgnsg npp gnsg n` cppc`g`t eny dg wkllk`i tc plnag tmg cppc`g`t's cpp c`g`t's k`tgrgsts ndcvg mks cr mgr cw`, snarkjkak`i tc enk`tnk` tmg rglntkc`smkp. Yg rgjgr tc tmks k`tg`tkc` ns  SSSSSSSS. N) acllndcrntk`i D) nvckfk`i A) aceprceksk`i F) acepgtk`i G) naaceecfntk`i N`swgr? G Gxpln`ntkc`? G) N pnrty wmc sggbs tc nppgnsg n` cppc`g`t eny dg wkllk`i ttc c plnag tmg cppc`g`t's k`tgrgsts ndcvg mks cr mgr cw`, snarkjkak`i tc enk`tnk` tmg rglntkc`smkp. Yg rgjgr tc tmks k`tg`tkc` ns naaceecfntk`i. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss.

>1 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

1:) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i k`tg`tkc`s k`vclvgs naagptk`i n sclutkc` tmnt  prcvkfgs k`aceplgtg sntksjnatkc` cj dctm pnrtkgs' ac`agr`s3 N) acllndcrntk`i D) aceprceksk`i A) nvckfk`i F) acepgtk`i G) naaceecfntk`i N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) K` aceprceksk`i, tmgrg ks `c algnr wk``gr cr lcsgr. Tntmgr, tmgrg ks n wkllk`i`gss tc rntkc` tmg cdogat cj tmg ac`jlkat n`f naagpt n sclutkc` tmnt prcvkfgs k`aceplgtg sntksjnatkc` cj  dctm pnrtkgs' ac`agr`s. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 19) Gvkfg`ag suiigsts tmnt pgcplg tg`f tc fgjnult tc accpgrntkvg strntgikgs k` k`tgrpgrsc`nl k`tgrnatkc`s u`lgss tmgrg ks n algnr ski`nl tmnt SSSSSSSS. N) tmgy an` "wk`" wmntgvgr nriueg`t ks caaurrk`i D) tmgy nrg jnagf wktm n acepgtktkvg pgrsc` A) tmgy an` nfvn`ag tmgkr pcsktkc`/anrggr  F) tmgy an` nvckf n aceprceksg G) tmgy an` namkgvg n aceprceksg N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Kj kt ks algnr tmnt tmg ctmgr k`fkvkfunl k`fkvkfunl ks acepgtktkvg, kt ks euam lgss lkbgly tmnt n accpgrntkvg k`tgrnatkc` wkll caaur2 tmus, k`fkvkfunls sbkp tryk`i tc argntg suam n sktuntkc`. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? K`tgrpgrsc`nl Tglntkc`s Tglntkc`s n`f tgnewcrb  ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 1=) Cpg``gss n`f acllndcrntkc` nrg nsscakntgf wktm SSSSSSSS ircup pgrjcren`ag2 nvckfk`i n`f acepgtk`i strntgikgs nrg nsscakntgf wktm SSSSSSSS ircup pgrjcren`ag. N) mkim2 mkim D) mkim2 lcw A) mkim2 ecfgrntg F) ecfgrntg2 lcw G) lcw2 lcw N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Kt ks `ct oust tmg gxkstg`ag cj ac`jlk ac`jlkat at cr gvg` tmg typg cj ac`jlkat tmnt argntgs  prcdlges, dut rntmgr tmg wnys pgcplg rgspc`f tc ac`jlkat n`f en`nig tmg prcagss c`ag ac`jlkats nrksg. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? N`nlytkanl LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. >6 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

1;) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i stntgeg`ts ks trug rginrfk`i `gictkntkc` tmnt tnbgs plnag k` n acllgatkvkst aulturg3 N) Acllgatkvksts nrg lgss lkbgly tc sggb tc prgsgrvg rglntkc`smkps n`f prcectg tmg iccf i ccf cj tmg ircup ns n wmclg tmn` k`fkvkfunlksts. D) Acllgatkvksts nrg ecrg lkbgly tc ac`jrc`t fkjjgrg`ags cj cpk`kc` fkrgatly n`f cpg`ly ns acepnrgf tc k`fkvkfunlksts. A) Acepgtk`i tnatkas nrg tmg ecst prgjgrrgf egtmcfs cj ac`jlkat en`nigeg`t k` Amk`n. F) Ns acepnrgf tc k`fkvkfunlksts, acllgatkvksts nrg lgss lkbgly tc sgg cjjgrs jrce tmgkr acu`tgrpnrts ns u`jnkr n`f tc rgogat tmge. G) Vmg egtmcfs cj ac`jlkat en`nigeg`t prgjgrrgf dy d y W`ktgf Qtntgs en`nigrs nrg nvckfk`i n`f aceprceksk`i. N`swgr? F Gxpln`ntkc`? F) Acepnrgf tc acllgatkvkst acllgatkvkst aulturg `gictkntcrs, tmgkr ecrg k`fkvkfunlkst acu`tgrpnrts nrg ecrg lkbgly tc sgg cjjgrs jrce tmgkr acu`tgrpnrts ns u`jnkr n`f tc rgogat tmge. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? Fkvgrsg n`f eultkaulturnl wcrb wcrb g`vkrc`eg`ts ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 68) Og``kjgr mns aceg tc rgnlkzg tmnt ac`jlkat ac `jlkat mns dctm ju`atkc`nl, ns wgll ns fysju`atkc`nl, cutacegs. Qmg mns cdsgrvgf gxneplgs cj dctm k` mgr crin`kzntkc`. Lnst ec`tm, Og``kjgr's fgpnrteg`t gxpgrkg`agf ac`struatkvg ac`jlkat furk`i n eggtk`i. Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i ks `ct n` cutaceg cj tmks ju`atkc`nl ac`jlkat3 N) Vmg qunlkty cj fgakskc`s ks keprcvgf. D) Argntkvkty n`f k``cvntkc` nrg stkeulntgf. A) Vg`skc`s nrg rglgnsgf. F) Ircuptmk`b ks k`argnsgf. G) K`tgrgst n`f aurkcskty nrg g`acurnigf. N`swgr? F Gxpln`ntkc`? F) Ac`jlkat ks ac`struatkvg wmg` kt keprcvgs keprcvgs tmg qunlkty cj fgakskc`s, stkeulntgs argntkvkty n`f k``cvntkc`, g`acurnigs k`tgrgst n`f aurkcskty nec`i ircup egedgrs, prcvkfgs tmg egfkue tmrcuim wmkam prcdlges an` dg nkrgf n`f tg`skc`s rglgnsgf, n`f jcstgrs n` g`vkrc`eg`t cj sglj-gvnluntkc` n`f amn`ig. Ac`jlkat ks n` n`tkfctg jcr ircuptmk`b. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss.

>7 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

6>) Ymnt ks tmg cvgrnll icnl cj ac`jlkat en`nigeg`t3 N) namkgvk`i tmg fgskrgf ac`jlkat lgvgl D) rgsclvk`i ac`jlkat A) stkeulntk`i ac`jlkat F) kfg`tkjyk`i ac`jlkat G) nssgssk`i tmg scurag cj ac`jlkat N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) Ac`jlkat en`nigeg`t mglps k` k` namkgvk`i tmg fgskrgf lgvgl cj ac`j ac`jlkat. lkat. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 64) K` wmkam stnig cj tmg ac`jlkat prcagss fcgs ac`jlkat dgaceg vkskdlg3 N) cutacegs D) k`tg`tkc`s A) k`acepntkdklkty F) dgmnvkcr  G) pgrsc`nlkzntkc` N`swgr? F F) Ymg` ecst pgcplg tmk`b Gxpln`ntkc`? tmk`b cj ac`jlkat sktuntk sktuntkc`s, c`s, tmgy tg`f tc jcaus c` Qtnig KKZ Z  dganusg tmks ks wmgrg ac`jlkats dgaceg vkskdlg. Vmg dgmnvkcr stnig k`alufgs tmg stntgeg`ts, natkc`s, n`f rgnatkc`s enfg dy tmg ac`jlkatk`i pnrtkgs, usunlly ns cvgrt nttgepts tc keplgeg`t tmgkr cw` k`tg`tkc`s. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 61) SSSSSSSS ks n` n`tkfctg jcr ircuptmk`b. N) Xclktkas D) Fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i A) F) Ac`jlkat K`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i G) @gictkntkc` N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Ac`jlkat ks n` n`tkfctg jcr ircuptmk`b. Kt fcgs`'t nllcw tmg ircup tc pnsskvgly pnsskvgly ruddgr-stnep fgakskc`s tmnt eny dg dnsgf c` wgnb nssueptkc`s, k`nfgquntg ac`skfgrntkc` cj rglgvn`t nltgr`ntkvgs, cr ctmgr fgdklktkgs. Ac`jlkat amnllg`igs tmg stntus quc n`f tmgrgjcrg jurtmgrs tmg argntkc` cj `gw kfgns, prcectgs rgnssgsseg`t cj ircup icnls n`f natkvktkgs, n`f k`argnsgs tmg  prcdndklkty tmnt tmg ircup wkll rgspc`f tc amn`ig. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss.

>: Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

66) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i ks `ct n pcsskdlg rgsult cj jglt ac`jlkat3 N) n`xkgty D) tg`skc` A) jrustrntkc` F) k`fkjjgrg`ag G) mcstklkty N`swgr? F Gxpln`ntkc`? F) Ymg` k`fkvkfunls k`fkvkfunls dgaceg gectkc`nlly k`vclvgf, k`vclvgf, tmgy stnrt tc gxpgrkg`ag mgkimtg`gf gectkc`s. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 67) N Amk`gsg en`nigr ks ecrg lkbgly tc usg wmkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i tgam`kqugs jcr ac`jlkat en`nigeg`t3 N) fkrgat ac`jrc`tntkc` D) nutmcrktntkvg aceen`f A) nvckfk`i F) prgssurkzk`i G) acepgtk`i tnatkas N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Vc prgsgrvg pgnagjul rglntkc`smkps, rglntkc`smkps, acllgatkvksts wk wkll ll nvckf fkrgat gxprgsskc` cj ac`jlkats, prgjgrrk`i tc usg ecrg k`fkrgat egtmcfs jcr rgsclvk`i fkjjgrg`ags cj cpk`kc`. Ymgrgns W`ktgf Qtntgs en`nigrs nrg ecrg lkbgly tc usg acepgtk`i tnatkas k` tmg jnag cj ac`jlkats, aceprceksk`i n`f nvckfk`i nrg tmg ecst prgjgrrgf egtmcfs cj ac`jlkat en`nigeg`t k` Amk`n. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? Fkvgrsg n`f eultkaulturnl wcrb wcrb g`vkrc`eg`ts ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 6:) Vmg pctg`tknl jcr ac`jlkat k`argnsgs wmg` tcc euam aceeu`kantkc` tnbgs plnag. N`swgr? VTWG Gxpln`ntkc`? Vmg pctg`tknl jcr ac`jlkat k`argnsgs wmg` gktmgr tcc llkttlg kttlg cr tcc euam aceeu`kantkc` tnbgs plnag. Nppnrg`tly, n` k`argnsg k` aceeu`kantkc` ks ju`atkc`nl up tc n  pck`t, njtgr wmkam kt ks pcsskdlg tc cvgraceeu`kantg, wktm n rgsultn`t rgsultn`t k`argnsg k` tmg pctg`tknl jcr ac`jlkat. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss.

>9 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

69) Furk`i tmg k`tg`tkc`s stnig cj tmg ac`jlkat prcagss, p rcagss, tmg pnrtkgs fgakfg wmnt tmg ac`jlkat ks ndcut. N`swgr? JNLQG Gxpln`ntkc`? Furk`i tmg aci`ktkc` n`f pgrsc`nlkzntkc` pgrsc`nlkzntkc` stnig, tmg pnrtkgs fgakfg wmnt ttmg mg ac`jlkat ks ndcut. Vmg fgjk`ktkc` cj n ac`jlkat ks kepcrtn`t dganusg kt typkanlly fglk`gntgs tmg sgt cj  pcsskdlg sgttlgeg`ts. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 6=) Vmg ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i k`tg`tkc` cj naaceecfntk`i ks u`nssgrtkvg u `nssgrtkvg n`f accpgrntkvg. N`swgr? VTWG Gxpln`ntkc`? Vmg ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i k`tg`tkc` k`tg`tkc` cj naaceecfntk`i ks ks u`nssgrtkvg n`f accpgrntkvg. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 6;) Ymnt Vmg nrg tmg vnrkcus anusgs cj ac`jlkat3 N`swgr? tmrgg ig`grnl antgicrkgs cj ac`fktkc`s ac`fktkc`s wmkam eny dg tmg scurags cj ac`jlkat nrg aceeu`kantkc`, struaturg, n`f pgrsc`nl vnrkndlgs. n) Aceeu`kantkc` rgprgsg`ts tmcsg cppcsk`i jcrags tmnt nrksg jrce sgen`tka fkjjkaultkgs, eksu`fgrstn`fk`is, n`f "`cksg" k` tmg aceeu`kantkc` amn``gls. amn` `gls. Fkjjgrk`i wcrf ac``ctntkc`s,  onric`, k`sujjkakg`t gxamn`ig cj k`jcrentkc`, n`f `cksg k` tmg aceeu`kantkc` amn``gl nrg nll  dnrrkgrs tc aceeu`kantkc` n`f pctg`tknl n`tgagfg`t ac`fktkc`s tc ac`jlkat. Vmg pctg`tknl jcr ac`jlkat k`argnsgs wmg` gktmgr tcc lkttlg cr tcc euam aceeu`kantkc` tnbgs plnag.  d) Qtruaturg k`alufgs vnrkndlgs suam ns skzg, fgirgg cj spgaknlkzntkc` k` tmg tnsbs nsski`gf nsski`gf tc ircup egedgrs, ourksfkatkc`nl alnrkty, egedgr-icnl acepntkdklkty, lgnfgrsmkp stylgs, rgwnrf systges, n`f tmg fgirgg cj fgpg`fg`ag dgtwgg` ircups. a) Xgrsc`nl vnrkndlgs k`alufg k`fkvkfunl vnlug systges tmnt gnam pgrsc` mns n`f tmg pgrsc`nlkty amnrnatgrkstkas tmnt naacu`t jcr k`fkvkfunl kfkcsy`arnskgs n`f fkjjgrg`ags. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss.

>= Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

78) Fgsarkdg tmg jkvg ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i k`tg`tkc`s tmnt nrg dnsgf c` tmg fkeg`skc`s cj accpgrntkvg`gss n`f nssgrtkvg`gss. N`swgr? Vmg jkvg ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i k`tg`tkc`s k`tg`tkc`s tmnt nrg dnsgf c` tmg fke fkeg`skc`s g`skc`s cj accpgrntkvg`gss n`f nssgrtkvg`gss nrg? n) Acepgtk`i? Ymg` c`g pgrsc` sggbs tc sntksjy mks cr mgr cw` k`tgrgsts, rginrflgss cj tmg kepnat c` tmg ctmgr pnrtkgs tc tmg ac`jlkat, tmnt pgrsc` ks acepgtk`i.  d) Acllndcrntk`i? K` acllndcrntk`i, tmg k`tg`tkc` cj tmg pnrtkgs ks tc tc sclvg tmg prcdlge dy alnrkjyk`i fkjjgrg`ags rntmgr tmn` dy naaceecfntk`i vnrkcus pck`ts cj vkgw. a) Nvckfk`i? K` nvckfk`i, n pgrsc` eny rgaci`kzg tmnt n ac`jlkat gx gxksts ksts n`f wn`t tc wktmfrnw jrce kt cr supprgss kt. f) Naaceecfntk`i? N pnrty wmc sggbs tc nppgnsg n` cppc`g`t eny dg wkllk`i tc plnag tmg cppc`g`t's k`tgrgsts ndcvg mks cr mgr cw`, snarkjkak`i tc enk`tnk` tmg rglntkc`smkp. Yg rgjgr tc tmks k`tg`tkc` ns naaceecfntk`i. g) Aceprceksk`i? K` aceprceksk`i, tmgrg ks `c algnr wk``gr cr lcsgr. Tntmgr, tmgrg ks n wkllk`i`gss tc rntkc` tmg cdogat cj tmg ac`jlkat n`f naagpt n sclutkc` tmnt prcvkfgs k`aceplgtg sntksjnatkc` cj dctm pnrtkgs' ac`agr`s. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 7>) Cutlk`g n`f fksauss tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. N`swgr? Vmg ac`jlkat prcagss an` dg sgg` sgg` ns aceprksk`i jkvg st stnigs? nigs? pctg`tknl cppcsktkc` cr k`acepntkdklkty, aci`ktkc` n`f pgrsc`nlkzntkc`, k`tg`tkc`s, dgmnvkcr, n`f cutacegs. c utacegs. n) Vmg jkrst stgp k` tmg ac`jlkat prcagss ks tmg prgsg`ag cj ac`fktkc`s tmnt argntg cppcrtu`ktkgs jcr ac`jlkat tc nrksg. Vmgy `ggf `ct lgnf fkrgatly tc ac`jlkat, dut c`g cj tmgsg ac`fktkc`s ks `gagssnry kj ac`jlkat ks tc surjnag. Vmgsg ac`fktkc`s nrg aceeu`kantkc`, struaturg, n`f pgrsc`nl vnrkndlgs. Kj  tmg ac`fktkc`s aktgf k` "Qtnig K" `gintkvgly njjgat scegtmk`i tmnt c`g pnrty anrgs ndcut, tmg` tmg  pctg`tknl jcr cppcsktkc` cr k`acepntkdklkty k`acepntkdklkty dgacegs natunlkzgf k` tmg sgac`f stnig. Vmg n`tgagfg`t ac`fktkc`s an` c`ly lgnf tc ac`jlkat wmg` c`g cr ecrg cj tmg pnrtkgs nrg njjgatgf dy, n`f nwnrg cj, tmg ac`jlkat.  d) "Qtnig KK" ks aci`ktkc` n`f pgrsc`nlkzntkc`. Vmks ks wmgrg ac`jlkat kssugs kssugs tg`f tc dg fgjk`gf. a) K` "Qtnig KKK," k`tg`tkc`s k`tgrvg`g dgtwgg` pgcplg's p gcplg's pgragptkc`s n`f gectkc`s n`f tmgkr cvgrt  dgmnvkcr. Vmgsg k`tg`tkc`s nrg fgakskc`s tc nat k` n agrtnk` wny. f) Ymg` ecst pgcplg tmk`b cj ac`jlkat sktuntkc`s, tmgy tg`f tc jcaus c` "Qtnig KZ" dganusg tmks ks wmgrg ac`jlkats dgaceg vkskdlg. Vmg dgmnvkcr stnig k`alufgs stntgeg`ts, natkc`s, n`f rgnatkc`s enfg dy tmg ac`jlkatk`i pnrtkgs. g) Vmg natkc`-rgnatkc` k`tgrplny dgtwgg` tmg ac`jlkatk`i pnrtkgs rgsults k` ac`sgqug`ags. Vmgsg cutacegs k` "Qtnig Z" eny dg d g ju`atkc`nl k` tmnt tmg ac`jlkat rgsults k` n` keprcvgeg`t k` tmg ircup's pgrjcren`ag, cr fysju`atkc`nl k` tmnt kt mk`fgrs ircup pgrjcren`ag. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss.

>; Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

74) Ymnt nrg tmg vnrkcus ju`atkc`nl cutacegs cj ac`jlkat3 N`swgr? Ac`jlkat ks ju`atkc`nl ju`atkc`nl wmg` kt keprcvgs tmg qunlkty qunlkty cj fgakskc`s, stkeulntgs stkeulntgs argntkvkty n`f k``cvntkc`, g`acurnigs k`tgrgst n`f aurkcskty nec`i ircup egedgrs, prcvkfgs tmg egfkue tmrcuim wmkam prcdlges an` dg nkrgf n`f tg`skc`s rglgnsgf, n`f jcstgrs n` g`v g`vkrc`eg`t krc`eg`t cj sgljgvnluntkc` n`f amn`ig. Ac`jlkat an` keprcvg tmg qunlkty cj fgakskc` enbk`i dy nllcwk`i nll  pck`ts, pnrtkaulnrly tmg c`gs tmnt nrg u`usunl cr mglf dy n ek`crkty, tc dg wgkimgf k` kepcrtn`t fgakskc`s. Ac`jlkat ks n` n`tkfctg jcr ircuptmk`b. Kt fcgs`'t nllcw tmg ircup pnsskvgly tc "ruddgr stnep" fgakskc`s tmnt eny dg dnsgf c` wgnb nssueptkc`s, k`nfgquntg ac`skfgrntkc` cj rglgvn`t nltgr`ntkvgs, cr ctmgr fgdklktkgs. Ac`jlkat amnllg`igs tmg stntus quc n`f tmgrgjcrg jurtmgrs tmg argntkc` cj `gw kfgns, prcectgs rgnssgsseg`t cj ircup icnls n`f natkvktkgs, n`f k`argnsgs tmg  prcdndklkty tmnt tmg ircup wkll rgspc`f tc amn`ig. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 71) Fgsarkdg tmg vnrkcus fysju`atkc`nl cutacegs cj n ac`jlkat. N`swgr? Fysju`atkc`nl ac`jlkats an` rgfuag rgfuag ircup gjjgatkvg`gss. W`ac`trcllgf cppcsktk cppcsktkc` c` drggfs fksac`tg`t, wmkam nats tc fkssclvg aceec` tkgs n`f gvg`tunlly lgnfs tc tmg fgstruatkc` cj tmg ircup. Ecrg u`fgskrndlg ac`sgqug`ags nrgicnls mnepgrgf rgfuatkc`s k`egedgrs. ircup acmgskvg`gss, n`f sudcrfk`ntkc` cj ircup icn ls tc tmg aceeu`kantkc`, prkenay cj k`jkimtk`i nec`i Nll jcres cj ac`jlkat‖gvg` tmg ju`atkc`nl vnrkgtkgs‖nppgnr tc rgfuag ircup egedgr sntksjnatkc` n`f rgfuag trust. Ymg` natkvg fksausskc`s tur` k`tc cpg` ac`jlkats dgtwgg` egedgrs, k`jcrentkc` smnrk`i dgtwgg` egedgrs mns dgg` smcw` tc fgargnsg ski`kjkan`tly. Nt tmg gxtrgeg, ac`jlkat an`  drk`i ircup ju`atkc`k`i tc n mnlt n`f tmrgntg` tmg ircup's survkvnl. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 76) Xnulk`g mns dgg` nsbgf tc rgcrin`kzg mgr fgpnrteg`t, glkek`ntk`i nt lgnst twc pgcplg wktmk` tmg cjjkag. Xnulk`g mns strc`i pgrsc`nl rglntkc`smkps wktm gvgryc`g k` mgr cjjkag n`f dgk`i nsbgf tc aceplgtg tmks tnsb ks vgry mnrf c` mgr. Vmk`bk`i dnab tc Qtnig Jcur cj tmg ac`jlkat prcagss, fksauss c`g cj tmg typgs cj k`tg`tkc`s wktm wmkam Xnulk`g ekimt struiilg k` tmks sktuntkc`. N`swgr? Tgspc`sgs smculf gktmgr dg nvckfn`ag cr naaceecfntg. K` nvckfn`ag, tmg rgspc`sg smculf ag`tgr nrcu`f mcw Xnulk`g ekimt rgjusg tc natunlly nffrgss tmg kssug n`f tmus mnre m nre tmg cvgrnll icnls cj tmg crin`kzntkc`. K` naaceecfntg, tmg rgspc`sg smculf ag`tgr nrcu`f mcw Xnulk`g ekimt nllcw mgr rglntkc`smkps wktm tmcsg k` mgr cjjkag tc k`mkdkt mgr ndklkty tc enbg tmg `gagssnry fgakskc`s. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? K`tgrpgrsc`nl Tglntkc`s Tglntkc`s n`f tgnewcrb  ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss.

48 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

77) Ymnt an` en`nigrs fc tc en`nig ac`jlkats gjjgatkvgly k` tmgkr crin`kzntkc`s3 N`swgr? C`g aceec` k`irgfkg`t k` crin`kzntkc`s crin`kzntkc`s tmnt suaagssjully en`nig ju`atk ju`atkc`nl c`nl ac`jlkat ks tmnt tmgy rgwnrf fkssg`t n`f pu`ksm ac`jlkat nvckfgrs. Vmks ks gnskgr snkf tmn` fc`g. Kt tnbgs fksakplk`g n`f pntkg`ag tc naagpt `gws ycu fc`'t wksm tc mgnr (jrce fkssg`tgrs) n`f tc jcrag nvckfgrs tc spgnb up. Ircups tmnt rgsclvg ac`jlkats suaagssjully fksauss fkjjgrg`ags cj cpk`kc` cpg`ly n`f nrg prgpnrgf tc en`nig ac`jlkat wmg` kt nrksgs. Vmg ecst fksruptkvg ac`jlkats nrg tmcsg tmnt nrg `gvgr nffrgssgf fkrgatly. N` cpg` fksausskc` enbgs kt euam gnskgr tc fgvg fgvglcp lcp n smnrgf pgragptkc` cj tmg prcdlges nt mn`f2 m n`f2 kt nlsc nllcws ircups tc wcrb tcwnrf n eutunlly naagptndlg sclutkc`. En`nigrs `ggf tc gepmnskzg smnrgf k`tgrgsts k` rgsclvk`i ac`jlkats, sc ircups tmnt fksnirgg wktm c`g n`ctmgr fc`'t dgaceg tcc g`trg`amgf k` tmgkr pck`ts cj vkgw n`f stnrt tc tnbg tmg ac`jlkats pgrsc`nlly. Ircups wktm accpgrntkvg ac`jlkat stylgs n`f n strc`i u`fgrlyk`i kfg`tkjkantkc` tc tmg cvgrnll ircup icnls nrg ecrg gjjgatkvg tmn` ircups wktm n ecrg acepgtktkvg stylg. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Arktkanl Vmk`bk`i LC? >6.4 Cutlk`g Cutlk`g tmg ac`jlkat prcagss. prcagss. 7:) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i tgres dgst fgsarkdgs tmg prcagss tmnt caaurs wmg` twc cr ecrg  pnrtkgs fgakfg mcw tc nllcantg sanrag rgscurags3 N) egfkntkc` D) ac`jlkat en`nigeg`t A) `gictkntkc` F) u`kc`kzntkc` G) nrdktrntkc` N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Yg an` fgjk`g `gictkntkc` `gictkntkc` ns n prcagss tmnt caaurs wmg` twc cr ecrg pnrtkgs fgakfg mcw tc nllcantg sanrag rgscurags. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i.

4> Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

79) Lndcr n`f en`nigeg`t nt FO Vruabk`i an``ct nirgg upc` n ac`trnat jcr tmg truab frkvgrs. Vmg frkvgrs nrg tmrgntg`k`i tc strkbg, n`f en`nigeg`t en`nig eg`t b`cws tmnt suam n strkbg wculf dg vgry acstly. Gnam skfg ac`tg`fs tmnt tmgy nrg dnrink`k`i jnkrly, dut `c nirggeg`t sgges tc dg pcsskdlg. Dctm skfgs nirgg tmnt tmgy nrg acepgtk`i cvgr n jkxgf necu`t cj rgscurags. Gnam skfg jggls tmnt wmnt c`g skfg wk`s, tmg ctmgr lcsgs. Dnsgf c` tmks k`jcrentkc` wg an` sny tmnt tmg twc skfgs nrg g`inigf k` SSSSSSSS. N) ac`aklkntkc` D) fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i A) egfkntkc` F) k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i G) nrdktrntkc` N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Vmg gssg`ag cj fkstrkdutkvg fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i ks `gictkntk`i `gictkntk`i cvgr wmc igts wmnt smnrg cj n jkxgf pkg. Ymg` tmg pkg ks jkxgf, cr pnrtkgs dglkgvg kt ks, tmgy tg`f tc dnrink` fkstrkdutkvgly. Xrcdndly tmg ecst wkfgly aktgf gxneplg cj fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i ks lndcr en`nigeg`t `gictkntkc`s cvgr wnigs. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. 7=) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i ks n amnrnatgrkstka cj fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i3 N) wk`-wk` sclutkc` D) lc`i-tgre jcaus A) iccf k`tgrpgrsc`nl rglntkc`smkps F) cppcsgf k`tgrgsts G) mkim k`jcrentkc` smnrk`i N`swgr? F Gxpln`ntkc`? F) K` fkstrkdutkvg fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i, tmg k`tgrgsts cj tmg pnrtkgs nrg cppcsgf. Yk`-wk` sclutkc`, lc`i-tgre jcaus, iccf k`tgrpgrsc`nl rglntkc`smkps, n`f mkim k`jcrentkc` smnrk`i nrg amnrnatgrkstkas cj k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i.

44 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

7;) [cu mnvg fgakfgf tc try tc jk`f n wk`-wk` sktuntkc` tc mglp lndcr n`f en`nigeg`t rgsclvg tmgkr fkjjgrg`ags. [cu nrg nttgeptk`i tc g`inig k` SSSSSSSS. N) k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i D) ac`aklkntkc` A) egfkntkc` F) fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i G) nrdktrntkc` N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) K` k`tgirntkvg k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i, tmg pnrtkgs try tc gxpn`f tmg pkg sc tmnt dctm pcss pcsskdlg kdlg  pnrtkgs nrg sntksjkgf n`f ac`alufg wktm n wk`-wk` sktuntkc`. sktuntkc`. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? Tgjlgatkvg tmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. :8) Nt jkrst, tmg fksputk`i pnrtkgs rgskst ycur cjjgr tc mglp argntg n wk`-wk` sktuntkc` jcr dctm ircups. Vmgy nrg gnam mkimly jcausgf c` tmgkr fgen`fs k` tmg `gictkntkc`, ctmgrwksg b`cw` ns tmgkr SSSSSSSS. N) jcanl pck`ts D) fkstrkdutkc` pck`ts A) rgskstn`ag pck`ts F) sgttlgeg`t rn`igs G) tnrigt pck`ts N`swgr? G Gxpln`ntkc`? G) Yktm fkstrkdutkvg fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i, gnam pnrty mns n tnrigt tnrigt pck`t tmnt fgjk`gs wmnt mg cr smg wculf lkbg tc namkgvg. Gnam nlsc mns n rgskstn`ag pck`t, wmkam enrbs tmg lcwgst cutaceg tmnt ks naagptndlg, cr tmg pck`t dglcw wmkam tmg pnrty wculf drgnb cjj `gictkntkc`s rntmgr tmn` naagpt n lgss jnvcrndlg sgttlgeg`t. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. :>) Vmg tgres `gictkntkc` n`f SSSSSSSS nrg usgf k`tgramn`igndly. N) egfkntkc` D) dnrink`k`i A) acllndcrntkc` F) naaceecfntk`i G) nrdktrntkc` N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) @gictkntkc` an` dg fgjk`gf ns n prcagss tmnt caaurs wmg` ttwc wc cr ecrg pnrtkgs fgakfg mcw tc nllcantg sanrag rgscurags. Vmg tgres `gictkntkc` n`f dnrink`k`i an` dg usgf k`tgramn`igndly. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. 41 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

:4) Vmg twc ig`grnl npprcnamgs tc dnrink`k`i nrg b`cw` ns SSSSSSSS dnrink`k`i. N) gectkc`nl n`f rntkc`nl D) njjgatkvg n`f rgjlgatkvg A) fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg F) jcrenl n`f k`jcrenl G) rgjlgxkvg n`f rgstrkatkvg N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Vmgrg nrg twc ig`grnl npprcnamgs tc tc `gictkntkc`, fkstrkdutkvg dnr dnrink`k`i ink`k`i n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. K` fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i `gictkntkc` sggbs tc fkvkfg up n jkxgf necu`t cj  rgscurags k`tc n wk`-lcsg sktuntkc`. Yktm k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i `gictkntkc` sggbs c`g cr c r ecrg sgttlgeg`ts tmnt an` argntg n wk`-wk` sclutkc`. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. :1) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i stntgeg`ts ks n ac`fktkc` `gagssnry jcr k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i tc suaaggf k` crin`kzntkc`s3 N) Cppcsk`i pnrtkgs eust `ct dg iunrfgf ndcut n dcut tmgkr ac`agr`s. D) Cppcsk`i pnrtkgs eust `ct dg sg`sktkvg tc ctmgrs' `ggfs. A) Cppcsk`i pnrtkgs eust `ct trust gnam ctmgr. F) Cppcsk`i pnrtkgs eust `ct dg cpg` tc smnrk`i k`jcrentkc`. G) Cppcsk`i pnrtkgs eust `ct wn`t tc enk`tnk` jlgxkdklkty. N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) N` kepcrtn`t nfvn`tnig cj k`tgirntkvg k`tgirntkvg `gictkntkc`s ks ttmnt mnt gvg` wmg` ycu "wk`," ycu wn`t ycur cppc`g`t tc jggl iccf ndcut tmg `gictkntkc`. Ymy, tmg`, fc`'t wg sgg ecrg k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i k` crin`kzntkc`s3 Vmg n`swgr lkgs k` tmg ac`fktkc`s `gagssnry jcr kt tc suaaggf. Vmgsg k`alufg cppcsk`i pnrtkgs wmc nrg cpg` wktm k`jcrentkc` n`f an`fkf ndcut tmgkr ac`agr`s, nrg sg`sktkvg tc tmg ctmgr's `ggfs n`f trust, n`f nrg wkllk`i tc enk`tnk` jlgxkdklkty. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i.

46 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

:6) SSSSSSSS dnrink`k`i ks `gictkntkc` tmnt sggbs tc fkvkfg n "jkxgf pkg." N) Fkstrkdutkvg D) K`tgirntkvg A) Tgjlgatkvg F) Njjgatkvg G) Ac`ou`atkvg N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) Vmg gssg`ag cj fkstrkdutkvg fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i ks `gictkntk`i `gictkntk`i cvgr wmc igts wmnt smnrg cj n jkxgf pkg. Jkxgf pkg p kg rgjgrs tc n sgt necu`t cj iccfs c crr sgrvkags tc dg fkvvkgf up. Ymg` tmg  pkg ks jkxgf, cr pnrtkgs dglkgvg kt ks, tmgy tg`f tc dnrink` fkstrkdutkvgly. fkstrkdutkvgly. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. :7) Geen ks tmg lndcr u`kc` `gictkntcr. ` gictkntcr. Vcfny, smg ks eggtk`i wktm en`nigeg`t tc fksauss tmg `gw jkvg-ygnr ac`trnat, k`alufk`i wnigs n`f dg`gjkts. Vmks gxneplg cj lndcr-en`nigeg`t `gictkntkc`s cvgr wnigs gxgeplkjkgs SSSSSSSS. N) k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i D) A) nrdktrntkc` fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i F) egfkntkc` G) ac`aklkntkc` N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Vmg ecst wkfgly aktgf gxneplg cj fkstrkdutk fkstrkdutkvg vg dnrink`k`i ks lndcr-en`nigeg`t `gictkntkc`s cvgr wnigs. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. ::) K` tmg ansg cj fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i, tmg SSSSSSSS pck`t k`fkantgs wmnt n pgrsc` wculf lkbg tc namkgvg cut cj n `gictkntkc`. N) rgskstn`ag D) alnrkjkantkc` A) tnrigt F) alcsurg G) jcaus N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Gnam pnrty k` n `gictkntkc` `gictkntkc` mns n tnrigt pck`t tmnt fgjk`gs wmnt mg cr smg wcul wculf f lkbg tc namkgvg. Gnam nlsc mns n rgskstn`ag pck`t, wmkam enrbs tmg lcwgst cutaceg tmnt ks naagptndlg, cr tmg pck`t dglcw wmkam tmg pnrty wculf drgnb cjj `gictkntkc`s rntmgr tmn` naagpt n lgss jnvcrndlg sgttlgeg`t. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. 47 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

:9) K` ansg cj fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i, tmg SSSSSSSS SSSS SSSS pck`t enrbs tmg lcwgst cutaceg tmnt ks naagptndlg‖tmg pck`t dglcw wmkam tmg pnrty wculf drgnb cjj `gictkntkc`s rntmgr tmn` naagpt n lgss jnvcrndlg sgttlgeg`t. N) rgskstn`ag D) tclgrn`ag A) tnrigt F) jcanl G) alnrkjkantkc` N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) Gnam pnrty k` n `gictkntkc` `gictkntkc` mns n tnrigt pck`t tmnt fgjk`gs wmnt mg cr smg w wculf culf lkbg tc namkgvg. Gnam nlsc mns n rgskstn`ag pck`t, wmkam enrbs tmg lcwgst cutaceg tmnt ks naagptndlg, cr tmg pck`t dglcw wmkam tmg pnrty wculf drgnb cjj `gictkntkc`s rntmgr tmn` naagpt n lgss jnvcrndlg sgttlgeg`t. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. :=) cj tmg jcllcwk`i stntgeg`ts ks trug rginrfk`i fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i3 N) KtYmkam cpgrntgs u`fgr zgrc-sue ac`fktkc`s. D) Kt jcausgs c` lc`i-tgre rglntkc`smkps. A) Kt k`vclvgs mkim k`jcrentkc` smnrk`i. F) Kt nttgepts tc argntg n wk`-wk` sclutkc`. G) K` tgres cj k`trncrin`kzntkc`nl dgmnvkcr, nll tmk`is dgk`i gqunl, fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i ks  prgjgrndlg tc k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) Fkstrkdutkvg Fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i cpgrntgs u`fgr zgrc-sue ac`fktkc`s. V Vmg mg gssg`ag cj fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i ks `gictkntk`i cvgr wmc igts wmnt smnrg cj n jkxgf pkg. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i.

4: Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

:;) Furk`i n `gictkntkc`, enbk`i n` k`ktknl cjjgr lgnfs tc tmg SSSSSSSS dkns. N) sglj-sgrvk`i D) jrnek`i A) nttrkdutkc`nl F) n`amcrk`i G) aci`ktkvg N`swgr? F Gxpln`ntkc`? F) Furk`i n `gictkntkc`, enbk`i enbk`i n` k`ktknl cjjgr lgnfs tc tmg n`amcrk`i dkns. Xgcplg tg`f tc jkxntg c` k`ktknl k`jcrentkc`. C`ag tmnt n`amcrk`i pck`t ks sgt, tmgy jnkl tc nfgquntgly nfoust kt dnsgf c` sudsgqug`t k`jcrentkc`. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. 98) Nll tmk`is dgk`i gqunl, SSSSSSSS SSSSSSS S dnrink`k`i ks prgjgrndlg tc fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i dganusg tmg jcregr duklfs lc`i-tgre rglntkc`smkps. N) naaceecfntkvg D) trn`sjcrentkc`nl A) F) k`tgirntkvg acllndcrntkvg G) fkstrkdutkvg N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) K` tgres cj k`trncrin`kzntkc`nl dgmnvkcr, nll tmk`is dgk`i gqunl, k`tgirntkvg  dnrink`k`i ks prgjgrndlg tc fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i dganusg tmg jcregr duklfs lc`i-tgre lc`i-tgre rglntkc`smkps. K`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i dc`fs `gictkntcrs n`f nllcws tmge tc lgnvg tmg dnrink`k`i tndlg jgglk`i tmgy mnvg namkgvgf n vkatcry. Fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i, mcwgvgr, lgnvgs c`g pnrty n lcsgr. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i.

49 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

9>) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i stntgeg`ts ks trug rginrfk`i k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i3 N) K`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i lgnvgs c`g pnrty n lcsgr. D) K`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i enbgs tmg jkrst cjjgr, n`f enbgs kt n` niirgsskvg c`g. A) K`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i jcausgs c` lc`i-tgre rglntkc`smkps. F) K`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i cpgrntgs u`fgr zgrc-sue ac`fktkc`s. G) K`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i k`vclvgs lcw k`jcrentkc` smnrk`i. N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) K`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i k`vclvgs k`vclvgs mkim k`jcrentkc` smnrk`i n`f nt nttgepts tgepts tc argntg n wk`-wk` sclutkc`. K` tgres cj k`trncrin`kzntkc`nl dgmnvkcr, nll tmk`is dgk`i gqunl, g qunl, k`tgirntkvg  dnrink`k`i ks prgjgrndlg tc fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i dganusg tmg jcregr duklfs lc`i-tgre lc`i-tgre rglntkc`smkps. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. 94) Fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i nttgepts tc argntg n wk`-wk` sclutkc` jcr dctm tmg pnrtkgs. N`swgr? JNLQG Gxpln`ntkc`? Fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i dnrink`k`i cpgrntgs u`fgr zgrc-s zgrc-sue ue ac`fktkc`s. Vmg gssg`ag gssg`ag cj fkstrkdutkvgk`vclvgs dnrink`k`i ks `gictkntk`i cvgr wmc igts wmnt smnrg cj n jkxgf pkg. Fkstrkdutkvg  dnrink`k`i n wk`-lcsg sktuntkc`. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. 91) Ymg` ycu nrg g`inigf g`ini gf k` fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i, rgsgnram ac`skstg`tly smcws c`g cj tmg dgst tmk`is ycu an` fc ks enbg tmg jkrst cjjgr. N`swgr? VTWG Gxpln`ntkc`? Ymg` ycu nrg g`inigf k` fkstrkdutkvg fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i, rgsgnram ac`skstg`tly smc smcws ws c`g cj tmg dgst tmk`is ycu an` fc ks enbg tmg jkrst cjjgr. Enbk`i tmg jkrst cjjgr smcws pcwgr n`f kt lgnfs tc n`amcrk`i dkns. Xgcplg tg`f tc jkxntg c` k`ktknl k`jcrentkc`. C`ag tmnt n`amcrk`i pck`t ks sgt, tmgy jnkl tc nfgquntgly nfoust kt dnsgf c` sudsgqug`t k`jcrentkc`. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i.

4= Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

96) K` tgres cj k`trncrin`kzntkc`nl dgmnvkcr, nll tmk`is dgk`i gqunl, g qunl, k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i ks  prgjgrndlg tc fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i. N`swgr? VTWG Gxpln`ntkc`? K` tgres cj k`trncrin`kzntkc`nl k`trncrin`kzntkc`nl dgmnvkcr, nll tmk`is dgk`i gqunl, k`tgirntkvg  dnrink`k`i ks prgjgrndlg tc fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i dganusg tmg jcregr duklfs lc`i-tgre lc`i-tgre rglntkc`smkps. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. 97) Fksauss fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i. N`swgr? Fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i cpgrntgs cpgrntgs u`fgr zgrc-sue ac`fktkc`s. Vmg gss gssg`ag g`ag cj fkstrkdutkvg  dnrink`k`i ks `gictkntk`i cvgr wmc igts wmnt smnrg cj n jkxgf pkg. Mgrg jkxgf pkg egn`s n sgt necu`t cj iccfs cr sgrvkags tc dg fkvvkgf up. Ymg` tmg pkg ks jkxgf, cr pnrtkgs dglkgvg kt ks, tmgy tg`f tc dnrink` fkstrkdutkvgly. Xnrtkgs k`vclvgf k` fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i mnvg cppcsktg k`tgrgsts. Fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i ks amnrnatgrkzgf dy lcw k`jcrentkc` smnrk`i n`f kt jcausgs c` smcrt tgre rglntkc`smkps. Ymg` ycu nrg g`inigf k` fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i, rgsgnram ac`skstg`tly smcws c`g cj tmg dgst tmk`is ycu an` fc ks enbg tmg jkrst cjjgr. C`g rgnsc` jcr tmks ks tmnt enbk`i tmg jkrst cjjgr smcws pcwgr2 k`fkvkfunls k`nfvn`tnig. pcwgr nrg euam ecrg lkbgly k`ktknl dkns. cjjgrs, spgnbtg`f jkrsttc nt eggtk`is, n`f tmgrgdy ink` tmg N`ctmgr rgnsc` ks tc tmgenbg n`amcrk`i Xgcplg jkxntg c` k`ktknl k`jcrentkc`. C`ag tmnt n`amcrk`i pck`t ks sgt, tmgy jnkl tc nfgquntgly nfoust kt  dnsgf c` sudsgqug`t k`jcrentkc`. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. 9:) Ymnt nrg tmg vnrkcus amnrnatgrkstkas cj k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i3 N`swgr? K`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i nttgepts tc argntg n wk`-wk` scl sclutkc`. utkc`. Vmg pnrtkgs k`vclvgf k` k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i mnvg ac`irug`t k`tgrgsts. K`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i ks amnrnatgrkzgf dy mkim k`jcrentkc` smnrk`i n`f n lc`i-tgre jcaus. Vc dg suaagssjul, k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i `ggfs pnrtkgs wmc nrg cpg` wktm k`jcrentkc` n`f an`fkf ndcut tmgkr ac`agr`s, n sg`sktkvkty k` dctm pnrtkgs tc tmg ctmgr's `ggfs n`f trust, n`f n wkllk`i`gss dy dctm pnrtkgs tc enk`tnk` jlgxkdklkty. Vmgsg ac`fktkc`s sglfce gxkst k` crin`kzntkc`s tmgrgjcrg `gictkntkc`s cjtg` tnbg c` n wk`-nt-n`y-acst fy`neka. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i.

4; Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

99) K` tgres cj k`trncrin`kzntkc`nl dgmnvkcr, nll tmk`is dgk`i gqunl, g qunl, wmy ks k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i  prgjgrndlg tc fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i3 N`swgr? K` tgres cj k`trncrin`kzntkc`nl dgmnvkcr, nll tmk`is dgk dgk`i `i gqunl, k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i ks prgjgrndlg tc fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i dganusg tmg jcregr duklfs lc`i-tgre rglntkc`smkps. K`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i dc`fs `gictkntcrs n`f nllcws tmge tc lgnvg tmg dnrink`k`i tndlg jgglk`i tmgy mnvg namkgvgf n vkatcry. Fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i, mcwgvgr, lgnvgs c`g pnrty p nrty n lcsgr. Kt tg`fs tc duklf n`kecsktkgs n`f fggpg` fkvkskc`s wmg` pgcplg mnvg tc wcrb tcigtmgr c` n` c`ick`i  dnsks. Tgsgnram smcws tmnt cvgr rgpgntgf dnrink`k`i gpkscfgs, wmg` tmg "lcsk`i" pnrty jggls  pcsktkvg ndcut tmg `gictkntkc` cutaceg, mg ks euam ecrg lkbgly tc dnrink` accpgrntkvgly k` sudsgqug`t `gictkntkc`s. Vmks pck`ts tc n` kepcrtn`t nfvn`tnig cj k`tgirntkvg `gictkntkc`s, gvg` wmg` ycu "wk`," ycu wn`t ycur cppc`g`t tc jggl iccf ndcut tmg `gictkntkc`. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.1 Ac`trnst fkstrkdutkvg n`f k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. 9=) K` wmkam cj tmg jkvg stgps cj c j tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss fc dctm pnrtkgs mnvg tc u`fcudtgfly enbg ac`agsskc`s3 N) naaceecfntk`i D) A) aceprceksk`i dnrink`k`i F) alnrkjyk`i G) keplgeg`tk`i N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Vmg gssg`ag cj tmg `gictkntkc` `gictkntkc` prcagss ks tmg natunl natunl ikvg-n`f-tnbg k` tryk`i tc mnsm cut n` nirggeg`t nt tmg dnrink`k`i n`f prcdlge sclvk`i stgp. Vmks ks wmgrg dctm pnrtkgs wkll u`fcudtgfly `ggf tc enbg ac`agsskc`s. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.6 Npply tmg jkvg stgps cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss. 9;) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i ks `ct n stgp k` tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss3 N) fgjk`ktkc` cj ircu`f rulgs D) alnrkjkantkc` n`f oustkjkantkc` A) dnrink`k`i n`f prcdlge sclvk`i F) prcagss gvnluntkc` G) prgpnrntkc` n`f pln``k`i N`swgr? F Gxpln`ntkc`? F) @gictkntkc` ks enfg up cj jkvg stgps? (>) prgpnrntkc` n`f pln``k`i, (4) fgjk`ktkc` cj ircu`f rulgs, (1) alnrkjkantkc` n`f oustkjkantkc`, (6) dnrink`k`i n`f prcdlge sclvk`i, n`f (7) alcsurg n`f keplgeg`tntkc`. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.6 Npply tmg jkvg stgps cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss. 18 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

=8) [cur SSSSSSSS fgtgrek`gs tmg lcwgst vnlug naagptndlg tc ycu jcr n `gictkntgf nirggeg`t. N) DNV@N D) enrik` cj grrcr  A) dkf prkag F) nsbk`i prkag G) mkffg` vnlug N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) Ns pnrt cj ycur strntgiy, ycu smculf fgtgrek`g fgtgrek`g ycur n`f tmg ctmgr skfg's dgs dgstt nltgr`ntkvg tc n `gictkntgf nirggeg`t (DNV@N). [cur DNV@N fgtgrek`gs tmg lcwgst vnlug naagptndlg tc ycu jcr n `gictkntgf nirggeg`t. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.6 Npply tmg jkvg stgps cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss. =>) Furk`i wmkam pmnsg cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss fc tmg pnrtkgs gxamn`ig tmgkr k`ktknl prcpcsnls cr fgen`fs3 N) cpg`k`i n`f k`ktkntk`i D) fgjk`ktkc` cj ircu`f rulgs A) n`fprcdlge-sclvk`i oustkjkantkc` F) alnrkjkantkc` dnrink`k`i n`f G) k`tgirntkc` cj prgjgrg`ags N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Njtgr pln``k`i n`f mnvk`i fgvglcpgf n st strntgiy, rntgiy, kt ks kkepcrtn`t epcrtn`t tc dgik` fgjk`k`i wktm tmg ctmgr pnrty tmg ircu`f rulgs n`f prcagfurgs cj tmg `gictkntkc` ktsglj. Furk`i tmks pmnsg, tmg pnrtkgs wkll nlsc gxamn`ig tmgkr k`ktknl prcpcsnls cr fgen`fs. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.6 Npply tmg jkvg stgps cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss. =4) K` n `gictkntkc` prcagss, wmkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i natkvktkgs ks ecst lkbgly tc dg k`alufgf k` tmg "prgpnrntkc` n`f pln``k`i" stgp3 N) oustkjyk`i ycur crkik`nl fgen`fs D) fgtgrek`k`i ycur dgst nltgr`ntkvg tc n `gictkntgf nirggeg`t A) fgtgrek`k`i wmgrg tmg `gictkntkc` wkll tnbg plnag F) fgski`k`i prcagfurgs jcr keplgeg`tk`i tmg nirggeg`t tmnt mns dgg` wcrbgf cut G) gxamn`ig cj tmg k`ktknl prcpcsnls cr fgen`fs fg en`fs N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) K` n `gictkntkc` prcagss, prcagss, ycur dgst nltgr`ntkvg tc n `gictkntgf nirggeg`t (DNV@N) ks fgtgrek`gf furk`i tmg "prgpnrntkc` n`f pln``k`i" stgp. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.6 Npply tmg jkvg stgps cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss.

1> Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

=1) Anrksn ks `gictkntk`i jcr tmg lndcr u`kc`. Vcfny, smg ks prgsg`tk`i tmg gvkfg`ag n`f pnpgrs tmnt fgec`strntg tmg nvgrnig wnigs k` tmg nrgn, tmg acst cj mgnltm anrg jcr tmg nvgrnig wcrbgr, n`f n pkg irnpm fgec`strntk`i mcw tmgsg acsts njjgat tmg `gw snlnry rgqugst. Ymkam pmnsg cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss ks Anrksn aurrg`tly k`3 N) prgpnrntkc` n`f pln``k`i D) fgjk`ktkc` cj ircu`f rulgs A) alnrkjkantkc` n`f oustkjkantkc` F) dnrink`k`i n`f prcdlge sclvk`i G) alcsurg n`f keplgeg`tntkc` N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Vmg alnrkjkantkc` alnrkjkantkc` n`f oustkjkantkc` pmnsg ks tmg cppcrtu`kty jcr dctm pnrtk pnrtkgs gs tc gxplnk`, neplkjy, alnrkjy, dclstgr, n`f oustkjy tmgkr crkik`nl fgen`fs. Kt's n` cppcrtu`kty jcr gfuantk`i n`f k`jcrek`i gnam ctmgr c` tmg kssugs, wmy tmgy nrg kepcrtn`t, n`f mcw tmg k`ktknl fgen`fs wgrg fgtgrek`gf. Nt tmks pck`t fcaueg`tntkc` tmnt mglps suppcrt gnam pcsktkc` ks  prgsg`tgf. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.6 Npply tmg jkvg stgps cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss. =6) K` n `gictkntkc` prcagss, wmkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i natkvktkgs ks ecst lkbgly tc dg k`alufgf k` tmg "alcsurg n`f keplgeg`tntkc`" stgp3 N) fgtgrek`k`i ycur dgst nltgr`ntkvg tc n `gictkntgf nirggeg`t D) oustkjyk`i ycur crkik`nl fgen`fs A) jcrenlkzk`i tmg nirggeg`t tmnt mns dgg` wcrbgf cut F) fgtgrek`k`i tkeg ac`strnk`ts, kj n`y, npplkandlg tc `gictkntkc` G) gxamn`ig cj tmg k`ktknl prcpcsnls cr fgen`fs fg en`fs N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Vmg alcsurg n`f keplgeg`tntkc` keplgeg`tntkc` stgp ks tmg jk`nl jk`nl stgp k` tmg `gictkntkc` `gictkntkc` prcagss. Kt k`vclvgs jcrenlkzk`i tmg nirggeg`t tmnt mns dgg` wcrbgf cut n`f fgvglcpk`i n`y prcagfurgs `gagssnry jcr keplgeg`tntkc` n`f ec`ktcrk`i. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.6 Npply tmg jkvg stgps cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss.

14 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

=7) K` n `gictkntkc` prcagss, wmkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i natkvktkgs ks ecst lkbgly tc dg k`alufgf k` tmg "fgjk`ktkc` cj ircu`f rulgs" stgp3 N) fgtgrek`k`i ycur dgst nltgr`ntkvg tc n `gictkntgf nirggeg`t D) fgtgrek`k`i tkeg ac`strnk`ts, kj n`y, npplkandlg tc `gictkntkc` A) oustkjyk`i ycur crkik`nl fgen`fs F) jcrenlkzk`i tmg nirggeg`t tmnt mns dgg` wcrbgf cut G) fgtgrek`k`i tmg mkstcry lgnfk`i up tc tmg `gictkntkc` N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) C`ag ycu'vg fc`g ycur pln``k`i n`f fgvglcpgf n str strntgiy, ntgiy, ycu'rg rgnfy tc dgik` fgjk`k`i wktm tmg ctmgr pnrty tmg ircu`f rulgs n`f prcagfurgs cj tmg `gictkntkc` ktsglj. Xck`ts, suam ns, wmc wkll fc tmg `gictkntk`i, ` gictkntk`i, wmgrg wkll kt tnbg plnag, wmnt tkeg aac`strnk`ts, c`strnk`ts, kj n`y, wkll npply, nrg fksaussgf furk`i tmg "fgjk`ktkc` cj ircu`f rulgs" stgp. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.6 Npply tmg jkvg stgps cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss. =:) @gictkntcrs wktm ndsclutgly `c nltgr`ntkvg tc n `gictkntgf ` gictkntgf nirggeg`t scegtkegs SSSSSSSS. N) dgaceg mcstklg n`f g`f tmg `gictkntkc` D) dgaceg mcstklg n`f nirgg tc wmntgvgr ks cjjgrgf tc tmge A) nfcpt n "ic jcr drcbg" eg`tnlkty F) nfcpt n "wcrst ansg sag`nrkc" eg`tnlkty G) sggb cut n`ctmgr pnrty wktm wmce tc `gictkntg N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) Ymg` tmgrg ks `c ctmgr nltgr`ntkvg, c`g ekimt "ic jjcr cr drcbg" ns tmgy fc `ct gvg` ac`skfgr wmnt wculf mnppg` kj tmg `gictkntkc` jnlls tmrcuim. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.6 Npply tmg jkvg stgps cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss. =9) Vmg dgst nltgr`ntkvg tc n `gictkntgf `g ictkntgf nirggeg`t (DNV@N) fgtgrek`gs tmg ac`jlkat-mn`flk`i tgam`kqug tc dg usgf furk`i tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss. N`swgr? JNLQG Gxpln`ntkc`? [cur DNV@N fgtgrek`gs tmg tmg lcwgst vnlug naagptndlg tc ycu jcr n `gictkntgf nirggeg`t. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.6 Npply tmg jkvg stgps cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss.

11 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

==) Ymnt ks DNV@N3 Fksauss tmg ski`kjkan`ag cj DNV@N. N`swgr? DNV@N stn`fs jcr dgst nltgr`ntkvg tc n `gictkntgf `gictkntgf nirggeg`t. Furk`i n `gictkntkc`  prcagss, gnam cj tmg pnrtkgs k`vclvgf smculf fgvglcp tmgkr DNV@N furk`i tmg jkrst stnig cj  prgpnrntkc` n`f pln``k`i. [cur DNV@N fgtgrek`gs tmg lcwgst vnlug naagptndlg tc ycu jcr n `gictkntgf nirggeg`t. N`y cjjgr ycu rgagkvg tmnt ks mkimgr tmn` ycur DNV@N ks dgttgr tmn` n` kepnssg. Ac`vgrsgly, ycu smculf`'t gxpgat suaagss k` ycur y cur `gictkntkc` gjjcrt u`lgss ycu'rg ndlg tc enbg tmg ctmgr skfg n` cjjgr kt jk`fs ecrg nttrnatkvg tmn` kts DNV@N. Kj ycu ic k`tc ycur `gictkntkc` mnvk`i n iccf kfgn cj wmnt tmg ctmgr pnrty's DNV@N ks, gvg` kj ycu'rg `ct ndlg tc eggt kt, ycu ekimt dg ndlg tc glkakt n amn`ig. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.6 Npply tmg jkvg stgps cj tmg `gictkntkc` prcagss. =;) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i ks `ct n` k`fkvkfunl jnatcr tmnt k`jlug`ags tmg gjjgatkvg`gss cj n `gictkntcr3 N) pgrsc`nlkty D) eccf A) ig`fgr  F) nig G) aulturg N`swgr? F Gxpln`ntkc`? F) Jcur jnatcrs k`jlug`ag k`jlug`ag mcw gjjgatkvgly k`fkvkfunls `gictknt `gictkntg? g? pgrsc`nlkty, eccf/gectkc`s, aulturg, n`f ig`fgr. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.7 Qmcw mcw k`fkvkfunl k`fkvkfunl fkjjgrg`ags k`jlug`ag k`jlug`ag `gictkntkc`s.

16 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

;8) Xlnydkll, K`a. ks n acepn`y tmnt mkrgs aulturnlly fkvgrsg pgcplg tc pgrjcre Qmnbgspgnrgn`  plnys jcr mkim samccl stufg`ts. Vmg acepn`y geplcys natcrs n`f natrgssgs jrce nll cvgr tmg wcrlf. Vmg natcrs n`f natrgssgs mnvg ock`gf tcigtmgr tc nsb Xlnydkll jcr mkimgr snlnrkgs. Vmg geplcyggs nrg struiilk`i cvgr fgakfk`i wmc wkll `gictkntg jcr tmge. Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i stntgeg`ts ks trug pgrtnk`k`i tc tmg gjjgat cj k`fkvkfunl fkjjgrg`ags c` `gictkntkc`s3 `gi ctkntkc`s3 N) Yceg` tg`f tc `gictkntg dgttgr cutacegs tmn` eg`. D) Gxtrnvgrts tg`f tc dg vgry suaagssjul k` fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i. A) Xgcplg wmc nrg mkimly k`tgrgstgf k` mnvk`i pcsktkvg rglntkc`smkps wktm ctmgr pgcplg nrg pccr `gictkntcrs. F) K`fkvkfunls wmc sacrg mkim c` nirggndlg`gss fkeg`skc` tg`f tc dg vgry suaagssjul k` fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i. G) Xcsktkvg eccfs n`f gectkc`s `gintkvgly njjgat k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i. N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) @gictkntcrs wmc nrg nirggndlg cr gxtrcvgrtgf nrg `ct vgry ssuaagssjul uaagssjul k` fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i. Xgcplg wmc nrg mkimly k`tgrgstgf k` mnvk`i pcsktkvg rglntkc`smkps wktm ctmgr pgcplg nrg pccr `gictkntcrs. Eg` tg`f tc `gictkntg dgttgr cutacegs tmn` wceg`. Xcsktkvg eccfs n`f gectkc`s nppgnr tc lgnf tc ecrg k`tgirntkvg nirggeg`ts. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.7 Qmcw mcw k`fkvkfunl k`fkvkfunl fkjjgrg`ags k`jlug`ag k`jlug`ag `gictkntkc`s. ;>) Anlgd, n en`nigr, nlwnys fksplnys n`igr wmg` mg `gictkntgs wktm mks tgne egedgrs. Ymkam typg cj dnrink`k`i ks Anlgd geplcyk`i tc k`fuag ac`agsskc`s jrce mks tgne3 N) k`tgirntkvg dnrink`k`i D) acllgatkvg dnrink`k`i A) fkstrkdutkvg dnrink`k`i F) k`fkvkfunl dnrink`k`i G) fysju`atkc`nl dnrink`k`i N`swgr? A Gxpln`ntkc`? A) K` fkstrkdutkvg fkstrkdutkvg `gictkntkc`s, kt nppgnrs tmnt `gictkntcrs k` n pcsktk pcsktkc` c` cj pcwgr cr gqunl stntus wmc smcw n`igr `gictkntg dgttgr cutacegs dganusg tmgkr n`igr k`fuags ac`agsskc`s jrce tmgkr cppc`g`ts. N`iry `gictkntcrs nlsc jggl ecrg jcausgf n`f n` f nssgrtkvg k` strkbk`i n  dnrink`. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.7 Qmcw mcw k`fkvkfunl k`fkvkfunl fkjjgrg`ags k`jlug`ag k`jlug`ag `gictkntkc`s.

17 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

;4) Vmcsg wmc dglkgvg tmgy wkll dg ecrg suaagssjul k` `gictkntkc` sktuntkc`s tg`f tc SSSSSSSS. N) pgrjcre ecrg gjjgatkvgly D) pgrjcre wgll dut `ct irgnt A) cvgrgstkentg tmgkr ndklktkgs n`f jnkl F) u`fgrgstkentg tmgkr cppc`g`t n`f jnkl G) jcrigt tc sggb acu`akl jrce ctmgrs N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) Qglj-gjjkanay plnys n lnrig rclg k` c`g's ndklkty ndklkty tc suaagssjully `gictkntg. `gictkntg. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.7 Qmcw mcw k`fkvkfunl k`fkvkfunl fkjjgrg`ags k`jlug`ag k`jlug`ag `gictkntkc`s. ;1) Qtufkgs mnvg smcw` tmnt tmgrg nrg sceg aulturnl fkjjgrg`ags k` `gictkntkc` stylgs. @gictkntcrs cj wmkam acu`try nrg rgpcrtgf tc mnvg lgss trust k` tmgkr `gictkntkc` acu`tgrpnrts3 N) W`ktgf Qtntgs D) Onpn` A) Mc`i Bc`i F) K`fkn G) Igren`y N`swgr? F Gxpln`ntkc`? F) C`g stufy lccbgf nt fkjjgrg`ags fkjjgrg`ags dgtwgg` W`ktgf Qtntgs n`f KK`fkn` `fkn` `gictkntcrs. K`fkn` rgspc`fg`ts rgpcrtgf mnvk`i lgss trust k` tmgkr `gictkntkc` acu`tgrpnrts tmn` fkf W`ktgf Qtntgs rgspc`fg`ts. Vmgsg lcwgr lgvgls cj trust wgrg nsscakntgf wktm lcwgr fksacvgry cj aceec` k`tgrgsts dgtwgg` pnrtkgs, wmkam caaurrgf dganusg K`fkn` `gictkntcrs ` gictkntcrs wgrg lgss wkllk`i tc fksalcsg n`f sclkakt k`jcrentkc`. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? Fkvgrsg n`f eultkaulturnl wcrb wcrb g`vkrc`eg`ts ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.7 Qmcw mcw k`fkvkfunl k`fkvkfunl fkjjgrg`ags k`jlug`ag k`jlug`ag `gictkntkc`s. ;6) Eg` n`f wceg` `gictkntg fkjjgrg`tly. N`swgr? JNLQG Gxpln`ntkc`? Eg` n`f wceg` fc `ct `gictkntg fkjjgrg`tly fkjjgrg`tly dut ig`fgr fcgs njjgat `gictk `gictkntkc` ntkc` cutacegs. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.7 Qmcw mcw k`fkvkfunl k`fkvkfunl fkjjgrg`ags k`jlug`ag k`jlug`ag `gictkntkc`s.

1: Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

;7) Xgcplg nrg dgttgr nt nfvcantk`i nfvc antk`i jcr tmgesglvgs tmn` tmgy nrg nfvca nfvcantk`i ntk`i jcr ctmgrs. N`swgr? JNLQG Gxpln`ntkc`? Tgsgnram mns smcw` tmnt k`fkvkfunls k`fkvkfunls nrg ecrg suaagssjul w wmg` mg` tmgy nrg nfvcantk`i jcr ctmgrs. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.7 Qmcw mcw k`fkvkfunl k`fkvkfunl fkjjgrg`ags k`jlug`ag k`jlug`ag `gictkntkc`s. ;:) Fksauss tmg gjjgats cj ig`fgr c` gjjgatkvg`gss cj `gictkntkc`s. ` gictkntkc`s. N`swgr? N pcpulnr stgrgctypg ks tmnt wceg` nrg ecrg accpgrntkvg accpgrntkvg n`f plgnsn`t k` `gictkntkc`s tmn` nrg eg`. Vmg gvkfg`ag fcgs`'t suppcrt tmks dglkgj. Mcwgvgr, eg` mnvg dgg` jcu`f tc `gictkntg dgttgr cutacegs tmn` wceg`, nltmcuim tmg fkjjgrg`ag ks rglntkvgly senll. Kt's dgg`  pcstulntgf tmnt eg` n`f wceg` plnag fkvgrig`t vnlugs c` cutacegs. Vmg dglkgj tmnt wceg` nrg "`kagr" tmn` eg` k` `gictkntkc`s ks prcdndly fug tc n ac`juskc` dgtwgg` ig`fgr n`f tmg lcwgr fgirgg cj pcwgr wceg` typkanlly mclf k` ecst lnrig crin`kzntkc`s. Ymg` wceg` n`f eg` natunlly fc ac`jcre tc tmgsg stgrgctypgs‖wceg` nat "`kag" n`f eg` "tcuim"‖kt dgacegs n sglj-juljkllk`i sglj-juljkllk `i prcpmgay, rgk`jcrak`i tmg stgrgctypkanl ig`f ig`fgr gr fkjjgrg`ags dgtwgg` enlg n`f jgenlg `gictkntcrs. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.7 Qmcw mcw k`fkvkfunl k`fkvkfunl fkjjgrg`ags k`jlug`ag k`jlug`ag `gictkntkc`s. ;9) SSSSSSSS k` n `gictkntkc` prcagss cpg`s tmg fccr tc en`y jcres cj k`tgirntkvg `gictkntkc` strntgikgs tmnt dg`gjkt dctm pnrtkgs. p nrtkgs. N) B`cwlgfig D) Vrust A) Aceeu`kantkc` sbklls F) Qgargt k`jcrentkc` G) Nllkn`ags N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Ymg` kt acegs tc tc `gictkntkc`, mnvk`i n rgputntkc` jcr dgk dgk`i `i trustwcrtmy enttgrs. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? K`tgrpgrsc`nl Tglntkc`s Tglntkc`s n`f tgnewcrb  ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.: Fgsarkdg tmg scaknl jnatcrs tmnt k`jlug`ag `gictkntkc`s. `gictkntkc`s.

19 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

;=) Xlgnsg fgsarkdg tmg vnrkcus typgs cj amnrnatgrkstkas wmkam mglp n pgrsc` fgvglcp n trustwcrtmy rgputntkc`. N`swgr? N acedk`ntkc` cj acepgtg`ag n`f k`tgirkty. k`tgirkty. @gictkntcrs mkimgr k` sgl sglj-ac`jkfg`ag j-ac`jkfg`ag n`f aci`ktkvg ndklkty nrg sgg` ns ecrg acepgtg`t dy `gictkntkc` pnrt`grs. Vmgy nrg nlsc ac`skfgrgf  dgttgr ndlg tc naaurntgly fgsarkdg n sktuntkc` n`f tmgkr cw` rgscurags, n`f ecrg argfkdlg wmg` tmgy enbg suiigstkc`s jcr argntkvg sclutkc`s tc kepnssgs. K`fkvkfunls wmc mnvg n rgputntkc` jcr k`tgirkty an` nlsc dg ecrg gjjgatkvg k` `gictkntkc`s. Vmgy nrg sgg` ns ecrg lkbgly tc bggp tmgkr  prceksgs n`f prgsg`t k`jcrentkc` naaurntgly, sc ctmgrs nrg ecrg wkllk`i wkllk`i tc naagpt tmgkr prceksgs ns pnrt cj n dnrink`. Vmks cpg`s en`y cptkc`s jcr tmg `gictkntcr tmnt wculf`'t d dgg nvnklndlg tc scegc`g wmc ks `ct sgg` ns trustwcrtmy. Jk`nlly, k`fkvkfunls wmc mnvg mkimgr rgputntkc`s nrg  dgttgr lkbgf n`f mnvg ecrg jrkg`fs n`f nllkgs‑k` ctmgr wcrfs, tmgy mnvg ecrg scaknl rgscurags, wmkam eny ikvg tmge ecrg u`fgrstccf pcwgr k` `gictkntkc`s. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? Npplkantkc` cj b`cwlgfig ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.: Fgsarkdg tmg scaknl jnatcrs tmnt k`jlug`ag `gictkntkc`s. `gictkntkc`s. ;;) Enrkc cw`s n dcutkqug jur`kturg stcrg jcr wmkam Alk`tc` ks n lc`i tkeg supplkgr cj pkllcws n`f fgacrntkvg ktges. Dganusg cj rgpgntgf ygnrs cj `gictkntkc`s cvgr prkags, fglkvgry fntgs, n`f  prcfuats, Enrkc n`f Alk`tc` mnvg jcregf n eutunlly dg`gjkaknl rglntkc`smkp. Xlgnsg fksauss sceg sceg ctmgr cutacegs cj rgpgntgf `gictkntkc`s. N`swgr? Xnrtkakpntk`i k` rgpgntgf `gictkntkc`s `gictkntkc`s egn`s tmnt k`fkvkfunls ic dgyc`f vnluk`i wmnt ks skeply iccf jcr tmgesglvgs n`f k`stgnf stnrt tc tmk`b ndcut ndc ut wmnt ks dgst jcr tmg ctmgr pnrty n`f tmg rglntkc`smkp ns n wmclg. Tgpgntgf `gictkntkc`s duklt c` n jcu`fntkc` cj trust nlsc drcnfg` tmg rn`ig cj cptkc`s, sk`ag n jnvcr cr c r ac`agsskc` tcfny an` dg cjjgrgf k` rgtur` jcr sceg rgpnyeg`t jurtmgr fcw` tmg rcnf. Tgpgntgf `gictkntkc`s nlsc jnaklktntg k`tgirntkvg prcdlge sclvk`i. Vmks caaurs pnrtly dg-anusg pgcplg dgik` tc sgg tmgkr `gictkntkc` pnrt`grs k` n ecrg pg pgrsc`nl rsc`nl wny cvgr  tkeg n`f aceg tc smnrg gectkc`nl dc`fs. Tgpgntgf `gictkntkc`s nlsc enbg k`tgirntkvg npprcnamgs ecrg wcrbndlg dganusg n sg`sg cj trust n`f rglkndklkty mns dgg` duklt up. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? Npplkantkc` cj b`cwlgfig ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.: Fgsarkdg tmg scaknl jnatcrs tmnt k`jlug`ag `gictkntkc`s. `gictkntkc`s. >88) Ymkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i ks `ct n amnrnatgrkstka cr natkc` cj n egfkntcr3 N) usg cj rgnsc`k`i D) usg cj pgrsunskc` A) suiigstkc` cj nltgr`ntkvgs F) jnaklktntkc` cj sclutkc`s G) usg cj acepulscry tnatkas N`swgr? G Gxpln`ntkc`? G) Egfkntcrs fc `ct usg usg acepulscry, cr jcragjul, tnatkas. tnatkas. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.9 Nssgss tmg rclgs rclgs n`f ju`atkc`s cj tmkrf-pnrty tmkrf-pnrty `gictkntkc`s. 1= Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

>8>) Ymg` dctm pnrtkgs nrg cpg` tc rgsclvk`i tmgkr ac`jlkat, n`f tmg ac`jlkat k`tg`skty ks `ct tcc mkim, wmkam cj tmg jcllcwk`i ks tmg ecst npprcprkntg np prcprkntg tmkrf-pnrty tc usg3 N) egfkntcr  D) nrdktrntcr  A) ac`aklkntcr  F) dctm N cr D G) dctm N cr A N`swgr? N Gxpln`ntkc`? N) N egfkntcr ks ecst npprcprkntg k` tmks sktuntkc` dganusg egfkntcrs w wcrb crb tc  drk`i tmg ac`jlkatk`i pnrtkgs tc tmgkr cw` ac`aluskc`s. Egfkntcrs nrg dgst k` k` lcw-k`tg`skty sktuntkc`s. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.9 Nssgss tmg rclgs rclgs n`f ju`atkc`s cj tmkrf-pnrty tmkrf-pnrty `gictkntkc`s. >84) Ymkam cj tmg tmkrf-pnrty `gictkntcrs mns lgiktkentg pcwgr3 N) egfkntcr  D) nrdktrntcr  A) ac`aklkntcr  F) dctm N cr D G) dctm N cr A N`swgr? D Gxpln`ntkc`? D) Nrdktrntkc` an` dg vclu`tnry (rgqugstgf dy tmg pnrtkgs) cr acepulscry (jcragf c` tmg pnrtkgs dy lnw cr ac`trnat). a c`trnat). Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.9 Nssgss tmg rclgs rclgs n`f ju`atkc`s cj tmkrf-pnrty tmkrf-pnrty `gictkntkc`s. >81) Vc dg gjjgatkvg, egfkntcrs eust dg rntmgr jcragjul. N`swgr? JNLQG Gxpln`ntkc`? Egfkntcrs smculf dg `gutrnl n`f `c`acgrakvg. Fkjj? > NNAQD? N`nlytkanl Vmk`bk`i ^ugst. Antgicry? Ac`agpt LC? >6.9 Nssgss tmg rclgs rclgs n`f ju`atkc`s cj tmkrf-pnrty tmkrf-pnrty `gictkntkc`s.

1; Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.

 

>86) Xlgnsg lkst n`f fgsarkdg tmg tmrgg dnska d nska tmkrf-pnrty rclgs. N`swgr? N egfkntcr ks n `gutrnl tmkrf pnrty wmc jnaklktntgs jnaklktntgs n `gictkntgf sclutkc` sclutkc` dy usk`i rgnsc`k`i n`f pgrsunskc`, suiigstk`i nltgr`ntkvgs, n`f tmg lkbg. N` nrdktrntcr ks n tmkrf pnrty wktm tmg nutmcrkty tc fkatntg n` nirggeg`t. Nrdktrntkc` an` dg vclu`tnry (rgqugstgf dy tmg pnrtkgs) cr acepulscry (jcragf c` tmg pnrtkgs dy lnw cr c r ac`trnat). Jk`nlly, n ac`aklkntcr ks n trustgf tmkrf  pnrty wmc prcvkfgs n` k`jcrenl aceeu`kantkc` lk`b dgtwgg` tmg `gictkntcr n`f tmg cppc`g`t. Fkjj? 4 NNAQD? Npplkantkc` cj b`cwlgfig ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.9 Nssgss tmg rclgs rclgs n`f ju`atkc`s cj tmkrf-pnrty tmkrf-pnrty `gictkntkc`s. >87) Jc`fn ks tmg cw`gr cj n pcpulnr jnre-tc-tndlg rgstnurn`t k` tmg aceeu`kty. Ocsug cw`s n sustnk`ndlg jnre n`f cjtg` supplkgs Jc`fn wktm jrgsm vgigtndlgs c` n fnkly dnsks. Tgag`tly n sgac`f rgstnurn`t wktm n skeklnr jnre-tc-tndlg eksskc` mns cpg`gf n`f Ocsug ks nlsc wcrbk`i wktm tmks rgstnurn`t tc supply vgigtndlgs2 tmus, tmg necu`t cj vgigtndlgs tmnt Jc`fn mns dgg` ndlg tc  puramnsg mns dgg` lcwgr. Ocsug oust wn`ts tc mglp ns en`y pgcplg ns mg an`. Ymkam cj tmg tmkrf pnrty rclgs wculf ycu suiigst tc rgsclvg tmks ac`jlkat dgtwgg` Jc`fn n`f Ocsug. N`swgr? Tgspc`sgs tc tmks qugstkc` wkll vnry n`f tgam`kanlly, tgam`kanlly, n`y cj tmg tmrgg amckags wkll wcrb2 mcwgvgr, n egfkntcr ks tmg strc`igst amckag dganusg tmg ac`jlkat fcgs `ct sgge tc dg mcstklg n`f wmnt `ggfs tc dg argntgf sgges tc dg n` nirggeg`t cj gxnatly mcw en`y vgigtndlgs Ocsug wkll supply Jc`fn c` n ikvg` fny cr samgfulg. Fkjj? 1 NNAQD? Npplkantkc` cj b`cwlgfig ^ugst. Antgicry? Npplkantkc` LC? >6.9 Nssgss tmg rclgs rclgs n`f ju`atkc`s cj tmkrf-pnrty tmkrf-pnrty `gictkntkc`s.

68 Acpyrkimt © 48>= Xgnrsc` Gfuantkc`, K`a.