Chap016 (2)

c


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p p p %
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p p p '
p ( p p  p   !p p  $ p )p pp p p p p p p pp p p $ $  p p
pp p p  p p p 
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p p p

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c


      p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p

,
p p-

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p 5
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c


      p p

p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p

6
p 7 p p p  p p p pp p  p p p p  p 8p p p p ppp !p9!p pp3$$ $  p pp :;p p 
p %p p#$ p !p
p ( p p  p   !p p p p p  p pp p p  p  8pp p 3$!p:;p p pp p 3$!p %;p p pp p 3p!p ,;p p pp p 3$!p :;p p pp p   p p p p   p 
pp  pppp

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p ?
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  p p p p  
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c


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:
p p  p pp3$p#$ p p pp p p  p3
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p
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p p  p pppp p pp p p p>;p pp p p p   p p3pp pp p 3p
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p p

p

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p+  p

c


      p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p p

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p p  p pp  p pp p p>;p pp p '
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c


      p p p p p p p p

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p

p p %:
p p  p pp p pp p p p  p p p p p p 
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p p p %
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 p pp p p pp  
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p p p

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c


      p %%
p <pp p   p ppD !,>>p p pp p%p 
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p p p p+ p p *p !p  p pp  p p p  p+" p p #
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ppG p p  p p p   p.p p  p # p !p p  p p  p   p  p  p 
p p p

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c


      p %3
p G

p p p  pp p  p  p+ p  p 
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p p p %6
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c


      p %>
p  p>;!p 3$p ppp p p  p p :;p p  p p>
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p p p

` 

c


      p '
p 7 p p p p  p p p p   p  p  8pp p p p p p p p  !p p  p p  pp p p p p p !p p p p 
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ppp

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p p p pp p p  pp p  p p. p p p  p p p 
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p 
p p p

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c


      p ',
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p

p p p pp!p p

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p p p '3
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p p p

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c


      p '>
p G #  p  p  p  p p p p   ppp 

 pp

  ppp p p    p  p   ppp  p p
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 #  p  p  p 
p p p '?
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p 
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c


      p ,
p p   
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ppp p p  p

p p p p  pp  
p p p

``

c


      p ,,
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p p p ppp p p  
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p p p ,5
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p  p p  pp p pp p p   p   p p p 
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 p p p p p p   ppp  # 
p p p

`

c


      p ,6
p 7 p p p  ppp p p  $ p   p p 8p p p p Gp  p p p pp p 
p GGp A p p $ p p  p ppp  p p  p p p  p  p p $ p 
p GGGp G  $ p )p p  p p p p p p 
p GBp p   p pp p p pp p p p p p  p p p  p p p p p  p p p p p p p
pp p p p Gp pGGpp p p Gp pGGGpp p p G!pGG!p pGBpp p p GG!pGGG!p pGBpp p p G!pGG!pGGG!p pGBpp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   p=pGGGp p  pp  $ p )p p p p p p  p p 
p p p ,>
p 7 p p p  ppp   p

 p p p  p    p 8p p p p Gp E  p(p GGp (p&) #p GGGp   p&) p GBp & pN  #p Bp @ )p&pp p p p Gp pGGpp p p GGGp pBpp p p GGG!pGB!p pBpp p p G!pGGG!pGB!p pBpp p p G!pGG!pGGG!pGB!p pBpp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   p(p&) #pp p $  p   p p  pp p p  p  p  
p p p

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c


      p ,?
p  p p p  p  pp p p  p p p 
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p GGp p pp  p p p

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p GGGp p p p p p  p p   p p p  
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 p& pppp p p   p  p ppp p p p"  p

 p p  p p  p p !p p p  pp p  p  p 
p p p

` 

c


      p 3
p p pp p ppp ppp 6pp p  
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pp7 p p p

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 p

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:51
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ppp  p p p ';p p p .p+
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5:
p p p 3%
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pp p "8pp p p & pN pp p p E pE p pp p p N pp p p p p ppp p p p p& pN pp p  pppp

 ppppp p p   pp p pp  p p p " p   p p p "
p p p 3'
p 7 p p p  p p p pp p  p p p p  p 8p p p pppp !p!p pp %$$ $  p pp %;p p 
p p p %pp#$ p !p!p pp %$$ $  p pp %;p $ $  
pp p p  ppp p p p p p  
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pp p p  pp pp   pp pp pp p p  
pp p p = p p ppp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   p  p p p pp p p p   *p p p p   p p p p p   
p p p

`

c


      p 3,
p 7 p p p  p p p pp p  p p p p  p 8p p p p p ppp !p!p pp%$$ $  p pp>;p p 
p %p p#$ p !p!p pp%$$ $  p pp>;p $ $  
pp p p p  ppp p p p p p  
pp p p  ppp p p p  pp p p  ppp p p p p p  
pp p p  pp pp   pp pp pp p p  
pp p p = p p ppp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   p  p p p pp p p p   *p p p p   p p p p p   
p p p 33
p ( p p  p   !p p p p p  p pp p p  p  8pp p p 6$!p:;p p pp p p 6$!p %;p p pp p p 6p!p ,;p p pp p p 6$!p :;p p pp p p   p p p p   p 
pp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   p  p+ p p p  p pp p p p pp  
p p p 35
p ( p p  p   !p p p p p  p pp p p  p  8pp p p %:$!p:;p p pp p p %:$!p5;p p pp p p %:p!p6;p p pp p p %:$!p?;p p pp p p   p p p p   p 
pp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   p  p+ p p p  p pp p p p pp  
p p p

`

c


      p 36
p p  p pp 3$p#$ p p pp p p p  p 3
pp p p  p  p 3
pp p p .p p 3
pp p p .p p  p pp 3$p :;p p pp p p  p p p
pp p  pppp

 ppppp p p   p  p pp#$ p p.p p p  
p p p 3>
p p  p pp%:$p#$ p p pp p p .p pp  p%:
pp p p  p  p%:
pp p p p  p%:
pp p p .p p  p pp%:$p :;p p pp p p  p p p
pp p  pppp

 ppppp p p   p  p pp#$ p p.p p p  
p p p 3?
p p  p pp  p pp p p :;p pp p p '
3:p
pp p p p
pp p p 5
55p
pp p p   pp  
pp p p  p p p
pp p  pppp

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:1:
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p p p 5:
p p  p pp  p pp p p5;p pp p p '
3:p
pp p p %
p
pp p p 6
56p
pp p p   pp  
pp p p  p p p
pp p  pppp

 ppppp p p   pp0p
:51:
:5p0p 6
56p
p p p

` 

c


      p 5
p App p@ppp

p  p p?
pp7 p p p p  p   p   p p p p8pp p p G p p) p p pp ;p p p p pppD?:
pp p p G p p) p p pp ;p p p p p ppD?:
pp p p G p p) p p pp ;p p p p pppD5:
pp p p G p p) p ppp ;p p p p p ppD5:
pp p p = p p p
pp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   pMA1Ap0p$/M*p$D?:p0p$?+:
: p9pD !:::p p p 5%
p App p4ppp

p  p p
pp7 p p p p  p    p  p p p p8pp p p G p p) p p pp ;p p p p pppD33
pp p p G p p) p p pp ;p p p p p ppD33
pp p p G p p) p p pp ;p p p p pppD :
pp p p G p p) p p pp ;p p p p p ppD :
pp p p = p p p
pp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   pMA1Ap0p$/M*p$D :p0p$ +:
: p9pD !:::p p p 5'
p 7 p p p  p pp p  p  8pp p p p 3$p  !p:;p p 
pp p p p 3$p  !p?;p p 
pp p p p%:$p  !p?;p p 
pp p p p%:$p  !p:;p p 
pp p p   p p p p   p 
pp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   pp p p  p p pp p !p p  p p  p p p 5,
p 7 p p p  p pp p  p  8pp p p p %$p  !p:;p p 
pp p p p %$p  !p>;p p 
pp p p p,$p  !p>;p p 
pp p p p,$p  !p:;p p 
pp p p   p p p p   p 
pp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   pp p p  p p pp p !p p  p p  p p p

`


c


      p 53
p p :;!p':$p p pp p p p p p %;
ppp &p  p p p p p
'p
pp4  p  p   !p p p 

p  pppp p p >
:3pp p p :
:?pp p p ?
%6pp p p
%%pp p p  p p ppp p  pppp

 ppppp p p   p/p0p1+ p2p*p/p0p
'1+
%p0p :
:?p p p 55
p p5;!p':$p p pp p p p p p>;
ppp&p   p p p p p>
,p
pp4  p  p   !p p p

p   pppp p p >
:3pp p p ?
,,pp p p ?
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,1+
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6>p p p 56
p p?;!p 5$p ppp p p  p p ;p p  p p?
%3p
ppG p p ) p p pp'%p p !ppp p p pp p p p  8pp p p
>3;pp p p %
: ;pp p p %
56;pp p p 5
,,;pp p p  p p ppp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   pMA1Ap0p+$?
%3p9p:
::'%1
p0p%
56;p p p

`

c


      p 5>
p p6;!p ,$p ppp p p  p p5;p p  p p6p
ppG p p ) p p pp,,p p !ppp p p pp p p p  8pp p p
>3;pp p p %
? ;pp p p '
%6;pp p p 5
,,;pp p p  p p ppp p  pppp

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::,,1
:5p0p%
? ;p p p 5?
p   pp p p pp p

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ppp p pp p ppp p p p pp %;!p  p p p  p
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%;pp p p %3
,;pp p p 6
:;pp p p '
';pp p p  p p p
pp p  pppp

 p

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: p2p+ 1%p/p%53p/p +
: %p0p
%p2p
: '%3p0p
''%3pp+ '
';p p p 6:
p   pp p p pp p

p  p p%%$p p " p p , 3
ppp%p pp p ppp p p p pp,,;!p  p p p  p
pp7 ppp p  p p p p p p  $ $ " p8pp p p %
%;pp p p %3
,;pp p p 6
:;pp p p 3%
';pp p p  p p p
pp p  pppp

 p

 pppp p p   puA1Ap0p$/up2p+ 1%p/p " p/p+u%*p0p$%%p/p$
:%p2p+ 1%p/p, 3/p +
:%%p0p
,,p2p
:>'p0p
3%'ppp+3%
';p p p

`

c


      p 6
p p  p pppp p pp p p p5
3;p pp p p p   p p,pp pp p p '
53p
pp p p '
,3p
pp p p '
>3p
pp p p ,
::p
pp p p  p p p
pp p  pppp

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p %6
>3p :
>%6?pp/pp,p0p'
' 5p Ep p D :::
::p '
5,>5p
p+  p p p 6%
p p  p pppp p pp p p p6;p pp p p p   p p'pp pp p p 'p
pp p p %
6 
pp p p %
> p
pp p p %
? p
pp p p  p p p
pp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   pp   pp p
p
6;p pp p p p   p p5pp pp p p 5
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pp p p 3
p
pp p p ,
%6p
pp p p '
?3p
pp p p  p p p
pp p  pppp

 p& pppp p p   pp   pp p
p
6;p 7  p/p6p D>61
:>6p0pD>:
:,p :
:>:,pp/pp p0p:
:>:,p %p D>6p D>61+
:>6%p0pD6'
5'p :
:6'5pp/pp%p0p:
,6%p 'p D>6p D>61+
:>6'p0pD56
6,p :
:566p/pp'p0p:
%:' p ,p D>6p D>61+
:>6,p0pD5%
'%p :
:5%'pp/pp,p0p:
%,?%p 3p D>6p D>61+
:>63p0pD36
''p :
:36'pp/pp3p0p:
%>53p 5p !:>6p !:>61+
:>65p0pD53>
?3p :
53?:p/pp5p0p'
?3,:p Ep p D :::
::p '
?3,:p
p+  p p p p

`

c


      
  p p p 6,
p  p 
ppG p pp   p p  p!pp  p  p p  !p p p

 p  !p pp  p pppp   p   p p+ pp p pp  p p pp p   ppp  p   p 
pp p 

 p& pppp p  pp   p ppp p p p p )p pp p   p pp !p  p  p pp p p pD !:::
pp  p p p  p p p   p p p ppp pp p p p  
pp  p .p p p  p p#$ p !pp pp pp p p p   
pp  pp p p   p pp p p p  p p  
ppp p p  p p p !p pp p p p p p !p  p p p p p p  p p p !p p  p p 
ppG  $ p  )p   p p p  pp p )p p   p )
ppp p )p   pp p p   *p

p  p.p # p !p p p p  p )p" p

 pp !p p p#p  p  $ p )
pp p  p    p   p p  # 
ppEp p pp  p p  p    ppp p  p p  p   p p  p p p *p !p p

 p p !p p  p pp p p  p  #  *p   ppp # p pp+  p pp p p*p   ppp  p p

p p p pppp+ p pp  p # p p*p p  !p p  p  ppp p  p p p  pp  #p  *p !p p  p  p # p p p p pp p p !p p  p pp) p   !p p  p p. 
p  p  #  p p  pp p p   p   p   !p  p  p p!pp   p 
ppp  p  p p  p p 

p  p p    p  p p  p p  p  #p pp 
p p p  p p p.  p p pp  p  p p  p  p   p   !pp  p pppp  p   p !p p p    p p   ppp  p   p 
pp p p

`

c


      p 63
p  p  p  # 
ppGp  p p p p  p   p   p  p !p !pp   p p !p   8pp p 

 p& pppp p  pp   p  #  p p  p   p  .pp p  p  p p  p p p p p p  ppp p p p  p pp  p  p p 
ppp  p  pp p  p p   p p+

p p  p p pp p p p  p p  p pp

 #p pp p p p p p. p 
pp!p p  p  pp  #p  p p p  p
ppG p  pp p  p!p p   p p  pp  #!p p p p p  p pp  p  p p. 
pp!p  p   p p  p ppp   p 1 p  p  p   p   
p p p  p p  p.  p p p  p  p p  p   p   p  #  !pp p p p  !p p p p

  p  p pp p p  .
pp p p 65
p  p p    pppp p  p   p   
pp p 

 p& pppp p  pp  p    pp p p p p  p   p   !pp p   p  p  p 
ppG pp  p  p p  p  p p p  !p p  p pp p p p  p 
pp !p

p p   p  p p  p  p p p !p p  p  p p p p p p p 
pp p   p p p p !p p p p    p !p p pp p  p   p p  p p p p  p   p  p p  p p  p p p    pp p+p 

 p )!p 
p p p  p p  p.  p p p  p

p p  p   p p )p p  p p p p p p p p p  p   p   p p p    p p  p   p p 
pp p p

` 

c


      p 66
p <p  pp  p p&
p4  !ppp   pp pppp   pppp p p pD'3:!:::p p p p p "p
ppp pp p &
p4  p  p pD%3:!:::
pp<p p  p p p pp p  p  p p>;
pp<pp p ppp  p  #  p   
ppp p 7 p pp p pp  p p p p p !p  p p  p  p 8p p Ep  p pppp p p  p p p?;
pp7 p p p  p  p p p  p p  p 8pp+ p !ppp p pp p p   pp pp pp p p  #p ppp p  p p  p p  8p p G  p p   p  
p p G p p  pp p,pp pD%? !,'6p ppp8pp p 

 p

 pppp p  pp   pp p
p p  p p pp p p0pD'3:!:::1
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::p p p pp)p )p p p p@ p 5
%p p p33:
p p <pp  #p p  pp pp pp p  p
ppG p pp pD%? !,'6pp p p p pp p p?
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ppE p pp  p?
3?;
p p  p.  p  p p  p    p p  p  # 
pp p p

`

c


      p 6>
p <pppp p pD?6'
:%
ppp ppp p p p5
,;!pp

 p !ppp pp pD !:::!p,pp p  !p pp p p   p p6
%;
ppp p  p p'
5,> p
pp<p" p  p  p p  p pp
';p p 
p p šp p

p  p p p p"  p  p p p p p  
pp@ p p p p p p p p  p 
p p špp p pp p p pp  p p p p p p p p p p p p  
p p 7 p p p p p p

 p  p p p 8pp7ppp  p

 8pp" p p p pp p   p p  
pp p 

 p

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p p @ p p p p

p  p &

p  p0p'
5,> 1
:6%p0p'
,:'p
p "  p  p p p p

p  p0p$'
,:'/+$
:::'p0p
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p =pA p0pD?6'
:%p/p
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?,p+D?>%
?5p

p  p   p p p @ p p pp ) p pp p p p p p  p =0,!pG05
?;!pA&05,!p@B0 :::!pApAB0?>'
:'
p p p pp

 ppD:
:?
ppp p p  p p

p  p

p p"   p p p  p p p 
ppG pp ppp

pp p p pp p p p " 
ppppp  p p p p p !p pp p p   p p  pp p  p "   p p p p pp p pp p  pp p p  p 
p p  p.  p   p p p p p  p    p p  !p pp

p"  p  p p   !p p p  p  p p p
pp p

`