CELTA Assignment 2: Language-related task

Assignment 2: Language-Related Task I don’t have to work in the evening. 1. Meaning Don’t have to is used to talk about something that is not necessary; that we have a choice and we can do it if we want to.

2. Conveying meaning I would show the students the following photo which shows the hour work:

WORKING HOUR Monday to Friday: 02:00 pm - 09:00 pm And then I would give them a context in which the sentence occurs: “I work on every weekday. I work on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. I can’t see my friends on these days because I work in the evenings. But I don’t work on Saturdays and Sundays. This is why I can see my friends on weekends. Tomorrow I am going out with my friends at 5pm because it’s Saturday and I don’t have to work in the evening. I can work on Saturdays and Sundays if I want to but I prefer going out with my friends.

3. Checking understanding Do I work on weekdays? Do I work on Saturdays and Sundays? Can I go out in the evening? Can I work on Saturdays if I want to? Is it necessary to work on weekdays? Do I have to work on weekdays? Do I have to work on weekends?

4. Pronunciation ■ ■ ■ I don’t have to work in the evening. /aɪ doʊnt hæf tə wɜːrkɪn ðə

iːvnɪŋ/

Page 1 of 8

(yes) (no) (yes) (yes) (yes) (yes) (no)

Assignment 2: Language-Related Task 5. Form Uncontracted form: Contracted form:

subject + do/does + not + have to + infinitive subject + don’t/doesn’t + have to + infinitive

Page 2 of 8

Assignment 2: Language-Related Task They could have died in that weather. 1. Meaning Could have is used when something was possible in the past but did not happen, also to say that somebody was able to do something, but did not try to do it.

2. Conveying Meaning I would give the following photo to the students (or just play the clip from the movie Indiana Jones Raiders of the Lost Ark) and then explain to the students that Indiana was chased by a boulder (big ball) and that there was a chance of death in that scene but he ran very quickly so he didn’t die.

3. Checking understanding Did he die? Was there a chance of death?

(no) (yes)

4. Pronunciation ■ ■ You could have died in that weather. / jʊ kʊd həv daɪdən ðæt weðer /

5. Form Subject + could have + past participle

Page 3 of 8

Assignment 2: Language-Related Task He’s had his car repaired. 1. Meaning We use the causative have/had when arranging for someone to do something for us or something was arranged in the past to be done.

2. Conveying Meaning “I called John last night and asked him to come to our party tonight. He said he couldn’t come because his car broken down and he had taken it to a mechanic. But I just saw his car in front of the house. I guess he’s had his car repaired.”

3. Checking understanding Is John’s car repaired now? Did he repair his car himself? Did someone repair the car? Did it happen in the past? Did he arrange for this to happen?1 Do we know who did it and when? Can we still see the effect in the present?

(yes) (no) (yes) (yes) (yes) (no) (yes)

4. Pronunciation ■ ■ ■ He’s had his car repaired / hi:z hæd hɪz kɑːr

rɪpeərd /

5. Form Subject + have/has + had + object + past participle

1

Scrivener, J (2011) Learning Teaching. 3rd Edition. p. 113. Macmillan Books. Page 4 of 8

Assignment 2: Language-Related Task Stressed 1. Meaning Stressed is an adjective and it refers to a state of mind when one is nervous and/or is under a lot of pressure and can’t relax

2. Conveying Meaning I didn’t slept well last night. I haven’t studied at all for my exams this afternoon. [pulling my hair, biting my nails] I’m really nervous and stressed. I would also show this picture of a stressed person:

3. Checking understanding Am I feeling happy? Are you having a good time when you are stressed? Are you stressed when you are having an exam? How do you feel when you are stressed? Do you like being stressed? Are you stressed when you are at a party dancing?

4. Pronunciation ■ Stressed / strest /

Page 5 of 8

(no) (no) (yes) (bad, uncomfortable, confused) (no) (no)

Assignment 2: Language-Related Task 5. Form Stressed is an adjective formed from the verb/nous stress. It is usually followed by the auxiliary verb be and feel/feeling, e.g. He is stressed; I was feeling stressed before my driving test.

Page 6 of 8

Assignment 2: Language-Related Task The public 1. Meaning The public is a group noun and refers to the ordinary people of every nation in general.

2. Conveying Meaning I would show this picture to the students which is taken from Obama’s inauguration speech. The arrows point to the ordinary people.

3. Checking understanding Is President Obama talking to a big group of people? Are they specific kind of people? Can rich people go to his speech? Can poor people go to his speech?

(yes) (no) (yes) (yes)

4. Pronunciation ■ The public / ðə pʌblɪk /

5. Form The public can be treated as singular or plural. It can also be used as the subject of the sentence as in the public have a right to know or as the object of the sentence as in the library is open to the public.

Page 7 of 8

Assignment 2: Language-Related Task An adjective is usually put between the and public as in the British public (“William and his wife-to-be are viewed by the British public as an attractive but sober, dutiful and down-toearth couple”)2. It can also be used to refer to a specific group of people as in the reading public (“Just as the reading public judges books by their covers, we judge manuscripts by the accompanying query letters”)3 or the travelling/sporting/book-buying/etc public (“Privatizing the railways was not in the best interests of the travelling public”)4.

Reference Practical English Usage 3rd edition - Michael Swan Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary OxfordDictionaries.com Macmillan Dictionary The Corpus of Contemporary American English The British National Corpus

2

Betsey Lerner (2011) How to approach agents and editors. Writer Feb2011, Vol. 124 Issue 2, p26-55, 3p. Bill Steiden (2011) The schedule Royal road to the altar. Atlanta Journal Constitution. 4 Macmillan Dictionary: http://www.macmillandictionary.com/dictionary/british/public_23 3

Page 8 of 8