Cell Structure3

Unicellular or Multicellular organisms

Have only ONE cell Bacteria, yeast, Amoeba sp., Euglena and Paramecium

Made up of MANY cells Human beings, mammals, reptiles, birds, fish, amphibians, insects and plants

A Cell Has 3 Basic Structure Feature Nucleus Plasma Membrane

Cytoplasm

Plasma Membrane

Plasma Membrane

Charecteristic: •Consists of a jelly-like matrix •Contains all the components of the cells

Function: •The site which activities and chemical reactions take place. •Provides a medium to produce energy, manufacture and store materials.

Nucleus

Nucleus

Charecteristic: •An organelle surrounded by nuclear membrane •Contains nucleolus, chromatin and nucleoplasm

Function: •Controls the activities of the cell. •Contains the genetic materials.

Cytoplasm Cytoplasm

Charecteristic: •Thin layer •Partially permeable •Flexible

Function: •Controls the chemicals that enter or leave the cell. •Separates the content of the cell from its •external environment.

Organelles - Mitochondrion

Mitochodrions

Function: The site where aerobic respiration takes place.

Characteristic: A cylindrical-shaped organelle which surrounded by a double membrane Contains a matrix with ribosomes, a circular DNA molecule and phosphate granules

Organelles - Ribosomes Ribosomes

Characteristic: Non-membrane-bound particles Made up of ribosomal RNA and proteins

Function: The site where protein synthesis takes place.

Organelles – Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Characteristic: A network of flattened, membranebounded sacs that continuous with the nuclear membrane

Function: Rough ER transports proteins made by the ribosomes through the network.

Organelles – Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Function: Smooth ER is the site for synthesis of lipids and detoxification of drugs.

Characteristic: A network of flattened, membranebounded sacs that continuous with the nuclear membrane

Organelles – Golgi Apparatus

Golgi Apparatus

Characteristic: A stack of flattened membranebounded sacs being formed continuously at one end of the stack and budded of as vesicles at the other.

Function: Modifies and packs the proteins which transported by rough ER. The site where enzyme and lysosome productions take place.

Organelles – Lysosomes Lysosomes

Characteristic: Spherical organelles which contain digestive enzymes Function: Break down foods, unwanted organelles and foreign materials.

Organelles – Cell Wall Characteristics: A thick and tough Cellulose Function: Protects and supports the cell. Gives the cell a regular shape.

Organelles – Vacuole

Characteristics: A large sac which filled with cell sap Function: Supports the cell when it is turgid As a storage place in a cell

Organelles – Chloroplast Characteristics: Sacs which contain chlorophyll Function: Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis to take place.