CBT 2021 Reviewer

 

  IK^ CFP 6162

2. @rksshin gdr flhstkr? b. My`rdcdlldh` dr gdbe `rksshin f. Id `rksshin c. Shlvkr `rksshin 6. ^mki `d ydu skk Q wbvks fkgdrk fkgdrk RVS4 RVS4 b. f. c. `.

Ghfrhllbthdi Bghfrhllbthdi Glbt bsystdlk Cdithiudus gluctubthdi

3. B wdrjhin thek `hrkcthvk shts shts ui`kr ui`kr wmhcm wmhcm pdlhcy4 pdlhcy4 b. Kqublhty bi` `hvkrshty f. Grkk`de dg higd c. Mkbltm bi` sbgkty `. Muebi rksdurck 0. B pbthkit wht whtm m ki`-dg-lhgk cbrk fkcdeks uirkspdishvk, tmk iursk bsjs tmk rklbthvk hg tmk pbthkit ghllk` b @IV gdre. ^mbt `dks smk ekbi4 b. f. c. `.

@d idt hihthbtk rksphrbtdry rksuschtbthdi @d idt rui @d idt hihthbtk cbr`hdpuledibry rksuschtbthdi Qrdvh`k cbrk bi` sbgkty

;. ^mhcm ek`hcbthdi lkb`s flbcj cdldr cdldr stddl4 stddl4 b. Gurdskeh`k f. Qbrbcktbedl c. Hrdi 7. ^mki ydu `di‘t ui`krstbi` tmk bcckit dg ydur pbthkit, pbthkit, wmbt whll ydu `d4 b. ^rhtk wmbtkvkr ydu mkbr f. Bssuek wmbt pbthkit mbs sbh` c. Skkj clbrhghcbthdi grde pbthkit >. Xdu brk `rkssh `rksshin in tmk wdui` wdui` dg b pbthkit di b surnhcbl wbr` bi` brk rkquhrk td `d sd ushin ushi n tmk Bskpthc Idi-Pducm Pkcmihquk (BIPP). ^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin hs tmk `kghihthdi dg “bskpshs―4   “bskpshs―4 b. Grkk grde bll ehcrddrnbihses f. Bfskick dg Systkebthc Higlbeebtdry Vkspdisk Syi`rdek Syi`rdek (SHVS) (SHVS) crhtkrhb c. Grkk grde ebrjs bi` stbhis `. Grkk grde pbtmdnkihc drnbihses hi sugghchkit iuefkrs td cbusk higkcthdi

 

 

=. Mdw wdul` y ydu du prdvh`k suppdrt suppdrt gdr b 27-ykbr-dl` pbthkit td rk`uck rk`uck bixhkty `urhin pmyshcbl kxbehibthdi4 b. Qrdvh`k prhvbcy bi` `hnihty f. Vkebhi w whtm htm tmk tmk pbthkit bi` bi` prdvh`k suppdrt suppdrt c. @d idt hitkrvkik bi` hitkrvkik dily wmki tmk tmk `dctdr tklls ydu 8. Bs b iursk, ydu b brk rk trkbthin b pbthkit w wmd md mb` bstmeb bttbcj, mdw wdul` ydu bsskss bsskss Hg tmk ek`hcbthdi hs kggkcthvk4 b. f. c. `.

Qbthkit cb cbi i wblj bt b smdrt `hstbick Qkbj gldw Idrebl mkbrt rbtk Idrebl fldd` prkssurk

21. Hi mypdnlyckehc pbthkit bgtkr nhvhin drbl nlucdsk syr syrup, up, wmki whll ydu cmkcj ikxt Nkikrbl Vbi`de Fldd` Sunbr (NVFS)4 b. Heek`hbtkly f. Bgtkr ;-21 ehis c. ehis `. Bgtkr Bgtkr 2;-61 31 ehis 22. ^mbt hs tmk tmk ekbihin dg CFP4 b. f. c. `.

Cdnihthvk Fkmbvhdrbl Pmkrbpy Cdepktkicy Fbsk` Pkst Cdeputkr Fbsk` Pkst Cdnihthvk Fkmbvhdrbl Pkst

26. Fbrrkl cmkst hs idtk` di pbthkits whtm? b. Kepmyskeb f. CDQ@ c. `. Bstmeb Sedjkrs 23. Mdw `d ydu jidw jidw IN tufk hs hi plbck4 b. f. c. `.

Cmkcj pM dg bsphrbtk CP Scbi ]rby Hitrd`uck bhr

20. ^md wdul` ydu spkbj spkbj whtm hi ki`-dg-lhgk cbrk4 b. Qbthkit ghrst f. Qbthkit bi` rklbthvk tdnktmkr c. Vklbthvk

 

  2;. Sphibl grbcturk pbthkit, mdw whll ydu k kisurk isurk bhrwby4 b. f. c. `.

Obw tmrust Mkb` thlt Dpki edutm Cmhi lhgt

27. B stbgg cbrhin gdr bi hsdlbthdi pbthkit, wmkrk ydu whll jkkp tmk rkcdr`s4 b. Hish`k tmk pbthkit rdde f. Dutsh`k tmk wbll dg rdde c. Iursk stbthdi

2>. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk cmkcj gdr gdr b pbthkit whtm cbtmktkr hhi i shtu4 b. f. c. `.

Higkcthdi Fruhshin Swkllhin Vk`ikss

2=. ^mbt whll IDP fk usk` gdr b `kbg pkrsdi4 b. f. c. `.

Lhp rkb`hin Bcthdis Shni lbinubnk Fbchlk

28. ^md cbi cdeplktk cmkcjlhst cmkcjlhst gdr gull cbrk bsskssekit4 bsskssekit4 b. f. c. `.

Prbhik` prdgksshdibl Cdisultbit Ouihdr `dctdr Vklbthvk

61. ^mki `dks b iursk tbjk b pbthkit‘s `bhly wkhnmt4  wkhnmt4   b. f. c. `.

Fkgdrk frkbjgbst Bt tmk sbek thek kvkry`by Bgtkr luicm Fkgdrk fk`thek

62. Nrdup B cditrdllk` `runs? b. f. c. `.

Edrpmhik Eh`bzdlbe Cd`khik Cdiouprbe

66. Flbicmbflk sjhi cbi fk bsskssk` fy iursk bs?

 

  b. f. c. `.

Sjhi Sjhi Sjhi Sjhi

tmbt turis tmbt turis tmbt turis tmbt turis

rk` dr `brj wmki wmki prkssurk hs bpplhk` bi` rkturis fbcj su``kily. rk` dr `brj bi` rkturis fbcj sldwly. sldwly. wmhtk dr pblk wmki wmki prkssurk hs bpplhk` bi` rkturis rkturis fbcj heek`hbtkly. wmhtk dr pblk wmki wmki prkssurk hs bpplhk` bi` rkturis rkturis fbcj sldwly.

63. B ikwly qublhghk` iursk hs idt ykt wkll vkrsk` wmki ht cdeks td `dcuekitbthdi. `dcuekitbthdi. B iursk hi-cmbrnk idthck` tmhs hs tmk cbsk bi` wkit wki t td rkpdrt tmk ikw iursk td tmk iur sk ebibnkr. ^mbt cdul` tmk ikwly qublhghk` iursk mbvk `dik hi dr`kr td prkvkit tmhs hich`kit4 b. Hnidrk tmk rkpdrt bi` oust cdithiuk whtm wmbt smk smk wbs `dhin. f. Smk cdul` mbvk tdl` tmk ebibnkr ebibnkr fkgdrkmbi` hi dr`kr td mbvk suppdrt suppdrt bi` b``hthdibl trbhihin c. Bpdldnhzk tmbt smk wbs idt bflk td higdre mkr heek`hbtk mkb` fkgdr fkgdrkmbi`, kmbi`, bsj gdr pdlhchks dg tmk mdsphtbl hi rklbthdi td `dcuekitbthdi. 60. Xduin, mdsphtblhzk` cmhl`rki brk bt rhsj td td `kvkldp? b. f. c. `.

Qddr ekitbl mkbltm Ikurdldnhcbl `hsdr`kr Cbickr ^hll `hk yduin

6;. Bgtkr bi bu`ht rdui`, tmk ebibnkr tklls b iursk i ursk bfdut tmk dutcdek bi` pdsshflk pd sshflk `kvkldpekit sunnkstk` fy tmk tkbe ekefkrs. ^mbt bcthdi whll tmk iursk tbjk4 b. Bcckpt bi` jkkp tmk rkpdrt hi b ghlk gdr rkgkrkick rkgkrkick purpdsk. f. Pmbij tmk ebibnkr bi` tkll mkr tmbt tmk sunnkstk` bcthdi whll fk lddjk` hitd hi `uk cdursk. c. Qlbi mdw td ekkt whtm tmk tmk ebibnkr td `hscuss tmk tmk sdluthdi. 67. ^mbt brk tmk ghrst bcthdi b VI smdul` tbjk di b pbthkit wmd hs mbvhin tdihc-cldihc skhzurk4 b. B`ehihstkr sk`bthvk ek`hcbthdi `dsbnk hi 2;L bi` cdeplktk B-K bsskssekit. bsskssekit. f. Cbll gdr mklp, kisurk sbgk pdshthdi pdshthdi bi` bpply 2;L dg dxynki. c. Bttbcm td edihtdrhin, edihtdrhin, cbll gdr mklp, higdre higdre gbehly `. Nhvk pbthkit s sdektmhin dektmhin td fhtk fhtk di, cbll gdr mklp bi` bttbcm bttbcm edihtdrhin. 6>. IMS nhvks tmk edst pdrthdi dg fu`nkt td? b. f. c. `.

Blcdmdl bi` `run bfusk Kl`krly cmrdihc `hskbsk B`dlksckit Fldd`-fdrik `hskbsks

6=. Ndl`ki trkbtekit trkbtekit gdr EH? b. Qrhebry Qkrcutbikdus Cdrdibry Hitkrvkithdi (QQCH) f. Cdrdibry Brtkry Fypbss Nrbgt (CBFN) c. Pmrdefdlythc `. Qkrhpmkrbl Hitrbvkidus Cbtmktkr (QHC)

 

  68. ^mbt pdlhcy rklbthin td `rkss hs ebi`btdry hi bll clhihcbl brkbs hi tmk mdsphtbl4 b. f. c. `.

Kvkrydik eust wkbr `kshnibtk` uihgdres Kvkrydik b bre re eust eust fbrk fkldw tmk tmk klfdw Kvkrydik e eust ust wkbr wkbr nldvks wmki kxbehihin kxbehihin b pbthkit Kvkrydik e eust ust wkbr fkspdjk mdsphtbl gddtwkbr gddtwkbr

31. Lhtmhue tmkrbpy hs hi`hcbtk` gdr? b. f. c. `.

Fhpdlbr `hsdr`kr Scmhzdpmrkihb Pdihc-cldihc skhzurk @kprksshdi

32. B clhkit hs hi tmk prdckss dg turihin grde eblk td gkeblk. ^mki ydu wbit td k`ucbtk clhkit di cbtmktkrhzbthdi bs b iursk wmbt whll ydu `d4 b. Pkbcm eblk cbtmktkrhzbthdi f. Pkbcm gkeblk cbtmktkrhzbthdi c. Fdtm

36. Qbhi scblk dg ; dut dg 21, wmbt ek`hcbthdi whll ydu nhvk4 nhvk4 b. f. c. `.

@hcld plus trbeb`dl Qbrbcktbedl Edrpmhik Cd`khik

33. ^md hs IDP blldwk` td nhvk ek`hcbthdi4 ek`hcbthdi4 b. f. c. `.

@hkthchbi Mkbltm cbrk bsshstbit Iursk prbcththdikr Iursk

30. Bffky pbhi scblk hs usk` gdr pbthkits? b. Fhrtm td 2 ykbr f. Qrknibit wdeki c. @kekithb pbthkits 3;. Fkst vblh` bi` bccurbtk rkskbrcm ektmd`? b. f. c. `.

Systkebthc rkvhkw dg `kscrhpthvk `kscrhpthvk bi` bi` qublhtbthvk ektmd` Rubsh kxpkrhekitbl Vbi`dehzk` Idi-rbi`dehzk`

37. Gdr rkvblh`bthdi, mdw cbi b iursk nhvk ; phkcks dg gkk`fbcj4

 

  b. Wkrfbl dily f. ^rhttki dr vkrfblly dily c. Wkrfbl, wrhttki dr survky 3>. Cmkedtmkrbpy bi` mdredik wbstk `hspdsbl cditbhikr? b. f. c. `.

Qurplk Xklldw Drbink Flbcj

3=. ^mhcm hs tmk ghrst bct di bll lknbl hssuks4 b. f. c. `.

Sbgknubr` bct Mkbltm cbrk bct Kquhty bct Kqublhty bct

38. ^mki b pbthkit hs mbvhin b surnkry td swhtcm grde e eblk blk td gkeblk ydu ikk` td tkbcm sklgcbtmktkrhzbthdi. ^mbt wdul` ydu `d4 b. f. c. `.

@hscuss wht whtm m pbthkit wmbt wmbt surnkry mk hs ui`krndik bi` tkbcm mhe Vkb`s tmk idtks Pkbcm fdtm eblk bi` gkeblk cbtmktkrhzbthdi Nkt b `dctdr td tkbcm bs ydu brk idt cdepktkit

01. ^mhcm dik dg tmksk idthghbflk `hskbsk `hskbsk ikk`s td fk rkpdrtk` di b ibthdibl lkvkl4 b. f. c. `.

Cmhcjki pdx Pufkrculdshs ^mddphin cdunm Higlukizb

02. Ebibnkekit dg ed`krbtk ed`krbtk ebliutrhthdi hi hi cmhl`rki? b. f. c. `.

Supplkekitbry iutrhthdi Heek`hbtk mdsphtblhzbthdi ^kkjly bsskssekit @dcuekit hitbjk gdr 3 `bys

06. Mdw `dks b skihdr iursk ebibnk tmk shtubthdi shtubthdi wmki b stbgg ek ekefkr efkr higdres mkr tmbt smk smk hs prknibit4 b. f. c. `.

Higdre tmk mkbltm bi` sbgkty lkb` [i`krtbjk tmk rhsj ebibnkekit Brrbink gdr cdvkr heek`hbtkly Higdre dtmkr stbgg

03. @kckrkfrbtk` pdsturk hi wmhcm wmhcm pbthkits4 b. Mkrihb

 

  f. EH c. Strdjk `. Frbhi Stke @bebnk 00. Bccdr`hin td Vkpdrthin dg Hiourhks, @hskbsks bi` @binkrdus Dccurrkicks Vknulbthdis (VH@@DV) lknhslbthvk, wmbt whll ydu `d wmki b stbgg mbs bi b i bcch`kit bt wdrjplbck cbushin grbcturk dg tmk gkeur4 b. Vkpdrt tmk bcch`kit f. Vkpdrt tm tmk k bcch`kit td b `dctdr di shtk c. Vkcdr` tm tmk k hich`kick hich`kick hi b ebibnkekit fddj 0;.  B pbthkit‘s kl`kr shstkr wmd hs b iursk bi` grhki` grhki` rkqukstk` gdr tm tmk k pbthkits rksult. ^mbt whll fk ydur bcthdi4 b. f. c. `.

Nhvk ht td mkr shick smk hs ydur ydur cdllkbnuk @d idt nhvk fkcbusk tmk pbthkit pbthkit mbs idt pkrehttk` ydu bi` kxplbhi ydur rkspdishfhlhthks rkspdishfhlhthks Nhvk bi` ki` ki` ydur ydur grhki`smhp grhki`smhp whtm whtm mkr mkr @d idt nhvk fut tkll mkr bfdut tmk rksult

07. Dik dg tmk pbthkits jkkp di cdeplbhihin rknbr`hin tmk cbrk, wmbt whll ydu `d4 b. Pkll tmk pbthkit td td wrhtk cdeplbhi bi` ski` vhb kebhl f. Histruct tmk pbthkit td td cdeplbhi cdeplbhi td hi-cmbrnk c. Lhstki cbrkgully bi` mdikst sdluthdi 0>. Pmkrk hs b pdlhcy tmbt urhik smdul` fk ekbsurk` kvkry 6 mdurs. Mdw wdul` b iursk ebibnkr kvblubtk cdeplhbick4 b. Bsj tmke td vkrfblhzk tmky brk `dhin ht f. Qkrgdre clhihcbl bu`ht c. Cmkcj iurshin idtks bt tmk fknhiihin fknhiihin dg kvkry smhgt 0=. ^mbt hs tmk bvkrbnk bvkrbnk mdurly urhik prd`ucthdi prd`ucthdi gdr bi b`ult4 b. f. c. `.

1-21 eL/mr 01-=1 eL/mr 61-31 eL/mr 211-611 eL/mr

08. Bi dfksk pbthkit whtm lhehtk` cdeeuihcbthdi cdeeuihcbthdi wbits td ldsk wkhnmt, wmd smdul` tmk iursk hivdlvk4 b. f. c. `.

Dccupbthdibl ttmkrbphst, mkrbphst, NQ NQ `hkthchbi bi` sdchbl wdrjkr wdrjkr Qmyshdtmkrbphst, iursk, NQ `hkthchbi Dccupbthdi tmkrbphst, psycmhbtrhst Qmyshdtmkrbphst bi` sdchbl wdrjkr

;1. Hi `kmy`rbthdi pbthkit, wmbt whll ydu higusk4 b. Crystblldh` nlucdsk

 

  f. Cdlldh` nlucdsk c. Fldd` trbisgushdi `. Qlbseb ;2. ^mbt hs pbthkit-ckitkrk` cbrk4 cbrk4 b. Cbrhin ggdr dr pbthkit pbthkit whtm ` `hnihty hnihty bi` rkspkct rkspkct f. pbthkits itshishnmt gkklhin gkklhintdbi` c. [i`krstbi`hin Mklphin pbthk pbthkit it pbthk td nbhi nbhi mkrprdvh`hin prdflke prdflke ikckssbry ikk`s bccdr`hinly ;6. B ikw VI mbvk prdflkes whtm ebjhin bssuepthdis. ^mhcm pbrt dg tmk cd`k smk smdul` gdcus td `klhvkr gui`bekitbls dg cbrk kggkcthvkly4 k ggkcthvkly4 b. f. c. `.

Qrhdrhthzk pkdplk Qrbcthck kggkcthvkly Qrhdrhthzk cbrk Qrdedtk sbgkty

;3. Bll dg tmk gdlldwhin brk pbrt dg pbllhbthvk cbrk dr ki`-dg-lhgk cbrk, kxckpt4 b. Nhvhin ek`hcbthdi f. Gkk`hin pbthkit c. Vksuschtbthdi ;0. Qbthkit mbs suhch`bl tmdunmts, ldw edd`. ^mki tbljhin td tmk iursk pbthkit hs cble bi` cddpkrbthvk? b. Ldw rhsj f. Ek`hue rhsj c. Mhnm rhsj ;;. Idrebl urhik dutput dutput hi b `by4 b. 2111-2;11 eL f. 2;11-6111 eL c. 6111-6;11 eL `. 6;11-3111 eL ;7. BFC@K bpprdbcm. ^mkrk `d edihtdrhin dg urhik dutput fkldin hi tmbt bpprdbcm4 b. f. c. `. k.

B F C @ K

;>. Qbthkit hs mbvhin frkbtmlkssikss. Qbthkit hs hi tmk k ki`-dg i`-dg lhgk cbrk. Pmk iursk smdul`? b. Qut ttmk mk gbck dg tmk pbthkit pbthkit hi tmk klkctrhc gbi f. Nhvk mhnm gldw dxynki c. Qut pbpkr fbn

 

  `. Nhvk edrk sk`bthvk ;=. ^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin hs IDP IDP td cbtkr kekrnkicy cditrbckpthdi4 cditrbckpthdi4 b. Kekrnkicy `kpbrtekit f. Nkikrbl prbcththdikr c. Skxubl Mkbltm Pkbe/Clhihc `. Qmbrebchst ;8. Pmk pbthkit frhins mhs dwi ek`hcbthdi td mdsphtbl bi` wbits td sklg-b` sklg-b`ehihstkr. ehihstkr. ^mbt hs ydur rdlk4 b. Blldw mhe f. Kxplbhi td pbthkit bfdut ek`hcbthdi fkgdrk fkgdrk mk b`ehihstkrs ht 71. ^mdsk rkspdishfhlhty wmki ydu skk skk kvh`kick dg bfusk hi tmk c cdeeuihty4 deeuihty4 b. Bll mkbltm cbrk wdrjkrs f. Iursk cbrhin gdr tmk pbthkit c. Cdisultbit 72. smdul`? Qbthkit mbs lkbrihin `hsbfhlhty, bi` ydu histruct mhe td tbjk mhs ek`hcbthdi. Pmk iursk b. f. c. `.

Nhvk histructhdi td tmk cbrkr Nhvk bpprdprhbtk lkvkl dg histructhdi Nhvk lkbglkt Kxplbhi frhkgly td tmk pbthkit tmk tmk hepdrtbick dg mhs ek`hchik

76. ^mbt hs tmk tmk ekbihin dg PIB4 b. Prbhikk Iurshin Bssdchbtk f. Prhnkehibl Ikurblnhb Bssdchbthdi c. Pmk Iurshin Bnkicy 73. Pmk iursk idthck tmbt tmbt tmk pbthkit hs vhdlkit. Pmk iursk smdul`? b. Vkqukst gdr rkstrbhit f. Higdre tmk dtmkr pbthkit 70. Iursk cdeehttk` iknlhnkick iknlhnkick wmhcm rksult dg ikbr `kbtm dg pbthkit. ^mbt biblyshs cbusk cbusk4 4 b. Vddt cbusk biblyshs f. Crhthcbl hich`kit biblyshs c. Hich`kit cbusk biblyshs 7;. Di rksuehin bs b uiht mkb` bi` ydu ydu idthck ydu brk smdrt st stbggk`. bggk`. ^mbt typk dg kscblbthdi whll tmk mkb` iursk usk4 b. Qrdept kscblbthdi f. Swhgt kscblbthdi

 

  c. Heek`hbtk kscblbthdi `. Vbph` kscblbthdi

77. ^mbt hs tmk edst bccurbtk ektmd` ektmd` td ghi` dut flkk`hin hish`k tmk frbhi4 b. CP Scbi f. c. EVH ]rby `. [SN 7>. B cdigusk` pbthkit rklbthvk rkquksthin gdr ghtthin fk` rbhl bs tmky mbvk ht hi tmkhr mdusk. ^mbt whll tmk iursk `d4 b. f. c. `.

Kisurk b fk` rbhl hs ghxk` Lkt b c cdepktkit depktkit pkrsdi bsskss rhsj bi` cdish`kr dtmkr dtmkr gbctdrs Qut pbthkits‘ fk` di tmk glddr   Hnidrk rklbthvk

7=. Cdinksthvk mkbrt gbhlurk idi-higkcthdus sputue cdldr? b. f. ^mhtk Nrkki c. Flbcj 78. Dptheue pdshthdi gdr luin kxpbishdi? kxpbishdi? b. f. c. `.

Qrdik Shtthin up Lyhin di dik sh`k Lyhin glbt

>1. Cbusk dg pk`hbtrhc cbr`hbc cbr`hbc brrkst? b. Mypdxhb f. EH c. Bibpmylbxhs `. CMG >2. @hggkrkick hi mkbltm stbtus? b. f. c. `.

Mkbltm kquhthks Mkbltm kqublhthks Mkbltm higdrebthcs Mkbltm hikquhthks

>6. B pbthkit whtm tkepkrbturk dg 30.; C. ydu blrkb`y nbvk tmk pbthkit b wbre flbijkt flbijkt & wbre `rhijs, fut tmk pbthkit hs sthll smhvkrhin. ^mbt whll fk ydur ikxt bcthdi4 b. Nkt b wbrehin `kvhck td td nhvk wbretm sldwly sldwly f. Qrdvh`k kxtrb wbretm flbijkt

 

  c. Nhvk b wbre fbtm `. Edfhlhzk` tmk pbthkit >3. Qbthkits musfbi` tmbt wbs wbhtk` wbhtk` skvkrbl mdurs td skk mhs whgk bi` hs smduthin? b. Pbjk mhe td b prhvbtk rdde bi` `hscuss whtm mhe f. Nhvk pkrsdibl spbck bi` bvdh` prdvdcbthdi c. Bccdepbiy mhe td skk mhs whgk >0. ^mki pbthkit hs fkhin edihtdrk` hi QBC[, mdw grkqukit `d ydu edihtdr mhs FQ, QV, VV bi` rkcdr`4 b. f. c. `.

Kvkry ; ehiutks Kvkry 2; ehiutks Dick bi mdur Cdithiudusly

>;. ^mbt whll tmk VI `d bgtkr bgtkr tmky mbvk ndttki IEC phi4 phi4 b. Ki`drskekit f. Hi`ucthdi c. `. Drhkitbthdi Prbhihin >7. ^mki bsskssekit bi uirkspdishvk pbthkit, wmbt wmbt hs tmk bpprdprhbtk wby td nkt b pbhi rkspdisk4 b. f. c. `.

Stkribl ruf Ibhl fk` prkssurk Qhicmhin dg tmk krb B trbpkzhue squkkzk

>>. B pbthkit suggkrk` grde CWB bi` hs idw bggkctk` whtm `ysp `yspmbnhb, mbnhb, wmbt smdul` IDP fk bi hi`hcbthdi td tmhs typk dg pbthkit4 b. f. c. `.

Qlbck tmk pbthkit hi shtthin/uprhnmt pdshthdi `urhin bi` bgtkr kbthin ^btkr dr clkbr gluh` smdul` fk fk nhvki nhvki Histruct tmk pbthkit td usk b strbw td `rhij wbtkr Vkvhkw tmk pbthkit‘s bfhlhty td swblldw bi` idtk tmk kxtkit dg gbchbl pbrblyshs  pbrblyshs 

>=. ^mhcm dik hs IDP IDP cdish`krk` b ek`hcbthdi4 b. f. c. `.

^mdlk fldd` Blfuehi Fldd` cldtthin gbctdr Bithfd`hks

>8. @hscmbrnk prdckss? ^mki ^mki `dks `hscmbrnk fkcdek `hgghcult4 b. Bwbhthin cbrkr f. Bwbhthin pmyshchbi

 

  c. Bwbhthin ek`hcbthdi `. Bwbhthin bsskssekit =1. ^bys td ebxhehzk ebxhehzk wdui` mkblhin? b. Ndd` fldd` gldw f. @bhly `rksshin c. Edhst kivhrdiekit =2. B pbthkit hs di ki`-dg-lhgk ki`-dg-lhgk cbrk, mk mbs skvkrk pbhi, mk `dksi‘t jidw mdw td usk ek`hcbl `kvhck wmhcm hs ushin gdr pbhi rklhkg? b. Histruct tmk pbthkit tmbt tmk pmbrebchst whll cdek bi` kxplbhi f. Nhvk lkbglkt rknbr`hin tmk `kvhck c. Kxplbhi bfdut ek`hcbl `kvhck bi` ebjk ebjk tmk pbthkit cdeplktkly cdeplktkly ui`krstbi` =6. Vkehihsckick, `k-kscblbthdi bi` `hstrbcthdi brk typks typks dg4 b. Pmkrbpy skrvhck f. Pmkrbpy clbssks c. Pmkrbpkuthc hitkrvkithdi =3. Mdw ebiy lkb`s brk tmkrk hi KCN4 KCN4 b. f. c. `.

= 21 26 20

=0. Syeptdes dg fhpdlbr `hsdr`kr4 `hsdr`kr4 b. f. c. `.

Ebihb bi` `kprksshdi Mblluchibthdis @klushdis Kcstbsy

=;. VI higlukick di mkbltm pdlhcy prdtkcts prdtkcts tmk qublhty dg cbrk cbrk fy bcckss td? b. f. c. `.

Gui` bi` dppdrtuihty Gui`hin Vksdurcks bi` dppdrtuihty Gui` bi` rksdurcks

=7. Stu`kits `h` idt b`ehihstkr HE hi mkr eh`-ykbr pkrgdrebick? b. Pmk iursk sm smdul` dul` crkbtk bi dppdrtuihty bi` plbi whtm tmk tmk dtmkr iursks f. Pkll mkr ht‘s idt ndd`  ndd`  c. Pkll mkr s smk mk wdul` ikk` td cditbct tmk uihvkrshty gdr tmk bctubl plbi =>.  Bffy‘s pbhi scblk hs usk` gdr?  gdr? 

 

  b. f. c. `.

Cdnihthvk `hsbfhlhty ^deki hi lbfdr Cmhl`rki bfdvk = Cmhl`rki fkldw 2

==. B clhihcbl ikk` td kxbehik b pbthkit pbthkit bgtkr sphik surnkry. ^m ^mbt bt whll ydu usk td turi ttmke4 mke4 b. f. c. `.

Ldn rdll td tmk td fk` Slh`k ektmd` tmk sh`k Mdhst td tmk fk` B`vhsk tmk pbthkit td sht bt tmk ki` dg tmk tmk fk`

=8. Ki`dtrbcmkbl tufk tufk hs usk` gdr4 b. Gkk`hin uicdischdus pbthkits f. Kisurhin bhrwby c. @hbnidsthc tksthin 81. B iurshin bnkicy ski`s b ikw iursk, wmhlk tbjhin mbi`dvkr tmk iursk sbys tmhs hs ey ghrst odf bt tmk mdsphtbl. ^mbt whll tmk iursk `d4 b. Kiquhrk Lkbvk bsbfdut smk hstmk idtstbgg rkspdishflk f. tmk bi` higdre butmdrhthks c. Mbi`dvkr biywby 82. Pmk bct dg spkbjhin dut gdr gdr pkdplk bi` rklbthvks tmkhr `kchshd `kchshdi i cbllk`? b. f. c. `.

@hscldsurk Cdigh`kithblhty B`vdcbcy Cdigrditbthdi

86. Qrkssurk scdrk nrb`ks tmbt brk rknbr`k` bs crhthcbl hhich`kit? ich`kit? b. 3 f. 3 & 0 c. 2, 6, 3 & 0 `. 0 83. ^mki b iursk mbi`dvkr bt tmk ki` dg smhgt td b cdllkbnuk. ^mbt e eust ust fk prdvh`k`4 b. f. c. `.

Wkrfbl `hnhtbl dr wrhttki higdrebthdi Clkbr vkrfbl higdrebthdi bi` histructhdis Clkbr vkrfbl, `hnhtbl, dr wrhttki higdrebthdi higdrebthdi bi` histructhdis Clkbr `hnhtb `hnhtbll dr wrhttki higdrebthdi bi` histructhdis histructhdis

80. B tkbe lkb`kr heplkekits b prbcthck hi bi brkb dg wdrj mdw `d tmky `kedistrbtk hts kggkcthvkikss4 b. Qrdvh`k kvh`kick dg tmk heprdvkekit tmrdunm rknulbr bu`ht bi` gkk`fbcj td td tmk tkbe bi` wh`kr drnbihzbthdis.

 

  f. Kvkrydik jidw tmbt tmk cmbink wbs ikckssbry ikckssbry bi` tmbt tmbt hs ikk`k` td mbppki sd id kvblubthdi ikk`s td fk eb`k. c. Dick tmk cmbink hs kefk``k` bsj stbgg hg tmky brk mbppy whtm ttmk mk cmbink bi` hg ht mbs eb`k b `hggkrkick. `. Pmk kvh`kick ggrde rde tmk rkskbrcm rkskbrcm `kedistrbtks tmk ikk` gdr b cmbink hi prbcthck. 8;. ^mki cdeplkthin mbi`wrhttki idtks wmhcm hg tmk gdlldwhin rkprkskits fkst prbcthck hi `dcuekitbthdi4 b. f. c. `.

^rhthin b ibek, `kshnibthdi `kshnibthdi `btk bi` thek dg kitry ^rhthin b ibek, iurshin rbij bi` `btk Qrdvh`hin b shnibturk prhithin prhithin b ibek `kshnibthdi, `btk, kitry dg thek Qrdvh`hin b shnibturk, `kshnibthdi bi` `btk dg fhrtm

87. ^mbt hs tmk rkspdisk dg pbrkits tmbt cdighres tmbt tmk mkbltm k`ucbthdi ekssbnk rknbr`hin `kmy`rbthdi mbs fkki kggkcthvk4 b. Pmk pbrkits rrkstrhct kstrhct gluh` hitbjk wmki wmki tmk cmhl` mbs `hbrrmkb. f. Pmk pbrkits stbtk tmky whll dfskrvk tmky whll whll dfskrvk tmk cmhl` gdr `brjkihin `brjkihin urhik bi` bi hicrkbshin rksphrbtdry rbtk. c. @kmy`rbthdi whll idt fk bi hssuk hg tmk cmhl` hs tbjhin shps dg wbtkr. wbtkr. `. Pmk pbrkits stbt stbtk k tmky wdul` wdul` cdish`kr rkstlkssikss bs bi kbrly shni dg `kmy`rbthdi. 8>. ^mbt iurshin bpprdbcm `dks b iursk tbjk wmki wdrjhin whtm pkdplk whtm lkbrihin `hsbfhlhthks hi plbiihin gdr tmkhr pkrsdiikl ikk`s4 b. f. c. `.

[sk phcturks bi` kbsy rkb` ebtkrhbls ebtkrhbls Kxplbhi tmk prdck`urks td tmkhr rklbthvks Nhvk tmke thek thek td rkb` tmk lkbglkt Vkb` tmk llkbglkt kbglkt td tmk clhkit hi ldu` vdhck

8=. ^mki b sbgknubr`hin hich`kit hs fkhin `hscldsk` `hscldsk` wmbt bcthdi `dks b iursk tbjk4 b. Kisurk ydu tbpk b cdivkrsbthdi cdivkrsbthdi di edfhlk skrvhck. skrvhck. f. Kisurk tmke tmbt ydu whll idt tkll biydik klsk. c. Qbusk tmk pkrsdi uithl ydu cbi mbvk bidtmkr prkskit pkrsdi. `. Kxplbhi wmbt ydu whll `d ikxt whtm tmk higdrebthdi tmky `hscldsk. 88. ^mbt hs tmk cbusk dg bcthdi gdr gdr tmk iursk hg tmkrk hs b sphllbnk dg mbzbr`dus sufstbick4 b. f. c. `. 211.

[sk fkbcm ttdwkls dwkls td bfsdrf tmk sphllbnk bi` `hspdsk dg tmhs bccdr`hinly. Cditbct tmk clhihc supkrvhsdr gdr b`vhck bi` td ski` ski` sdekdik td mklp. Vkgkr td ttmk mk nuh`bick di tmk cditrdl dg sufstbick mbzbr`dus td td mkbltm rknulbthdis. Cdvkr `hsplbyk` whtm smkkts bi` jkkp tmk brkb clkbr clkbr dg pkdplk. pkdplk . ^mbt kquhpekit cbi fk usk` td nhvk 6L dg dxynki4

b. Cdithiudus pdshthvk bhrwby prkssurk f. Mueh`hghk` dxynki c. Ibsbl cbiiulb `. Vkskrvdhr ebsj

 

 

212. B iursk hs glusmhin IN tufk bi` idthck` tmk pbthkit td cdunm b ldt. ^mbt smdul` fk tmk bcthdi dg tmk iursk4 b. Cdithiuk whtm tmk prdck`urk prdck`urk bi` higdre tmk `dctdr. `dctdr. f. Cdithiuk bi` cmkcj tmk plbckekit plbckekit whtm lhteus lhteus pbpkr. pbpkr. c. Vkedvk ht bs ht ehnmt fk bi hi`hcbthdi hi`hcbthdi tmbt tufk tufk hs hi tmk bhrwby. 216. b. f. c. `. 213. b. f. c. `. 210. b. f. c. `.

21;.

Mdw td prkvkit cbtmktkr higkcthdi4 Stkrhlhzk ht `bhly Jkkp brkb `ry [sk sdbp bi` wbtkr K`ucbtk pbthkit bi` ggbehly behly di tmk cbrk ^md hs rkspdishflk td stbrt `hscmbrnk plbiihin4 Ghrst cditbct Skcdi` cditbct Pmhr` cditbct Gdurtm cditbct Mdw td tbjk bi higkctk` smkkt gdr wbsmhin bccdr`hin td [J Stbi`br`4 Pbjk hi rk` plbsthc fbn tmbt `hshitknrbtks hi hi mhnm tkepkrbturk tkepkrbturk [sk rk` lhiki fbn tmbt blldws wbsmhin hi mhnm tkepkrbturk tkepkrbturk Drbink fbn…  fbn…  Clkbr fbn…  fbn… 

Bccdr`hin td Grbichs Vkpdrt, Cdurbnk hs?

b. Ht hs qublhty eb`k fy rklbthdismhps rklbthdismhps fbsk` di kepbtmy, kepbtmy, rkspkct bi` bi` `hnihty. Ht cbi blsd fk `kscrhfk` bs hitkllhnkit jhi`ikss bi` hs ckitrbl td mdw pkdplk pkrckhvk tmkhr cbrk. f. @kghiks us bi` dur wdrj. Qkdplk rkckhvhin cbrk kxpkct ht td fk rhnmt gdr tmke, cdishstkitly, tmrdunmdut kvkry stbnk dg tmkhr lhgk. c. Ekbis bll tmdsk hi cbrhin rdlks eust mbvk tmk bfhlhty td ui`krstbi` bi hi`hvh`ubl‘s mkbltm bi` sdchbl ikk`s bi` tmk kxpkrthsk, clhihcbl bi` tkcmihcbl jidwlk`nk td `klhvkr kggkcthvk cbrk bi` trkbtekits fbsk` di rkskbrcm bi` kvh`kick. `. Kibflks ydu ttd d `d tmk rhnmt tmhin gdr tmk pkdplk wk wk cbrk gdr, td spkbj up wmki wk mbvk mbvk cdickris bi` td mbvk tmk pkrsdibl strkintm bi` vhshdi td hiidvbtk 217. B clhkit hs cdi`ucthin rkskbrcm di = pbthkits whtm cdeplkx ikk`s. Mk wbits td jidw tmkhr vhkws di tmk mkbltm cbrk rkckhvk. ^mbt typk dg rkskbrcm hs cdi`uctk`4 b. f. c. `. 21>.

Qbthkit quksthdiibhrk Survky Gdcus nrdup Rublhtbthvk rkskbrcm Qbthkit hs binry. Pmkrbpkuthc cdeeuihcbthdi usk`?

 

 

b. Xdu skke upskt…  upskt…  21=. ^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin pmyshcbl cmbinks smdul` b pkrsdi tbjhin drbl cditrbckpthvk smdul` fk k`ucbtk` di4 b. ^khnmt nbhi f. @WP c. Bekidrrmkb `. Hicrkbsk` flkk`hin 218.

Shcjlk ckll `hskbsk hs edst cdeedi hi wmhcm ktmihc nrdup4

b. Bgrhcbis f. Lbthi Bekrhcbis c. Cbucbshbis 221.

^mki `d ydu nbhi cdiskit grde b pbthkit bi` cdish`kr ht vblh`4

b. Dily hg b pbthkit mbs tmk ekitbl ekitbl cbpbchty td nhvk cdiskit cdiskit f. Dily fkgdrk b clhihcbl prdck`urk c. Dily bgtkr b clhihcbl prdck`urk `. Idik dg tmk bfdvk 222. Xdu brk cbrryhin dut wdui` `rksshin whtm b ikw prd`uct, wmbt hs ydur hitkrvkithdi bs b iursk4 b. Pblj td tmk iursk bgtkr bt tmk ki` ki` dg tmk smhgt bfdut mdw td `d wdui` wdui` cbrk. f. @d idt rkedvk tmk prkvhdus `rksshin bi` bpply tmk ikw prd`ucts dvkr ht c. Vkgkr td bidtmkr prbcththdikr gdr pbthkit‘s sbgkty uithl ydu nbhi ydur cdepktkicy bi` sjhlls. `. Lkbvk ttmk mk `rksshin whtmdut `dhin ht. 226. ^mbt ektmd` dg ldin-thek gkk`hin hs bpprdprhbtk gdr b pbthkit whtm `hgghculty swblldwhin hi b cmrdihc cdi`hthdi4 b. f. c. `. 223. b. f. c. `. 220.

Nbstrdstdey Qbrkitkrbl gkk`hin HW INP gkk`hin ^mki b iurshin tkbe vhsht b pbthkit bt mdek, wmhcm wdrjhin prhichplk hs usk`4 Ldik wdrjhin pdlhcy @hrkct wdrjhin pdlhcy Cdeeuihty wdrjhin pdlhcy Cdeedi lbw pdlhcy Pmkrk hs b pdlhcy tmbt `d idt sucthdi pbthkit di Ki`dtrbcmkbl tufk hi ydur plbck dg

wdrj. ^mbt smdul` ydu `d hi bi kekrnkicy wmki b pbthkit ikk`s sucthdihin4

 

  b. f. c. `.

@d ht ^btcm tmk pbthkits cldskly bi` wbht thll thll tmk ikxt edrihin. Cbll tmk pmyshdt pmyshdtmkrbphst mkrbphst di cbll cbll tmkrk hs bi kekrnkicy bs tmky brk brk trbhik` gdr ht. ^bht gdr tmk pmyshdtmkrbphst thll tmk tmk ikxt edrihin.

22;. `d4

Pmkrk hs b prkscrhpthdi whtm `dsk fut whtmdut iuefkr dg nhvhin, wmbt smdul` ydu

b. Bssuek tmk `dsk fbsk` fbsk` di di ydur kxpkrhkick f. Cbll tm tmk k prkscrhfkr prkscrhfkr td td cdighre cdighre tmk `dsbnk `dsbnk c. Deht bi` lkbvk gdr tmk ikxt ikxt smhgt 227. b. f. c. `.

Bnk dg cdiskit gdr drnbi `dibthdi4 Bfdvk 27 Bfdvk 2= Bfdvk 62 Id cdiskit ikk`k`

22>. ^mhcm histruekit hs usk` td vhsublhzk tmk vdcbl cdr`s `urhin ki`dtrbcmkbl prdck`urk4 b. Lbryindscdpk f. Fdunhk c. Ki`dscdpk 22=. b. f. c. `. 228.

^mhcm dik cbiidt fk nhvki sufcutbikdusly4 IS I@+ Qdtbsshue ;% @kxtrdsk 6;% @ Mdw whll ydu bsskss mked`yibehc stbfhlhty bi` pkrgushdi4

b. Sjhi turndr f. NCS c. Cbphllbry rkghll 261. Mdw ldin hs tmk [i`krnrb`ubtk/Qrk-rknhstrbthdi FSC Iurshin Qrdnrbe gdr tmdsk di b stbi`br` kitry pbtmwby4 b. f. c. `. 262.

6 ykbrs ; ykbrs 0 ykbrs 3 ykbrs Edst cdeedi vkhi gdr pmlkfdtdey4

b. Ckpmblhc f. Gkedrbl

 

  c. Qdplhtkbl `. Ounulbr 266.

Mbvhin jidwlk`nk bi` ushin ht gdr tmk ndd` dg pbthkit hs cbllk`4

b. Mkbltm lhtkrbcy f. Mkbltm jidwlk`nk c. `. Mkbltm Mkbltm k`ucbthdi hitkllkct 263. b. f. c. `. 260.

Dtmkr ibek gdr cbickr rklbtk` wkhnmt ldss4 Bidrkxhb Fulhehb Ikrvdsb Cbcmkxhb Slheehin ^deki wmd brk vulikrbflk td `deksthc bfusk4

b. [i`kr 2= f. Dvkr 2= c. Qrknibit wdeki `. Kl`krly 26;. b. f. c. `. 267.

B pbthkits MV 2;1, VV 01, wmbt whll ydu `d4 Hihthbtk mdsphtbl ckitrbl kekrnkicy cd`k Frhin kekrnkicy fkll & cdithiudusly bsskss BFC@K BFC@K Cbll gd gdrr mklp & rkbsskss vhtbl shnis B`ehihstkr dxyn dxynki, ki, pdshthdi pbthkit glbt glbt di fk`, bttbcm td edihtdrhin KFQ- Kvh`kick Fbsk` Qrbcthck?

b. Cdllbfdrbthdi wht whtm m KFQ KFQ sjhlls bi` jidwlk`nk jidwlk`nk f. Dily sjhlls c. Dily jidwlk`nk 26>.

^mbt hs b fhdldnhcbl mbzbr`4

b. MHW f. Cytdtdxhc ek`hchiks c. Lhikis 26=.

Pmk gdlldwhin brk kbrly shnis dg Blzmkhekr‘s @hskbsk? @hskbsk?  

b. Lbpsks hi ekedry f. Qbchin edvkekit c. Lbinubnk `hgghculty 268.

Xdu brk whtm b `kekithb pbthkit bi` tmkrk hs ghrk dutfrkbj, wmbt whll ydu `d4

 

  b. f. c. `. 231.

Lkbvk tmk pbthkit bi` rui gdr ydur ydur `kbr lhgk Gdlldw dtmkr stbgg [sk ydur histhict bt tmbt thek Gdlldw tmk pdlhcy bi` prdck`urk Hg ydu‘rk idt cdepktkit td trbispdrt b sbeplk gdr hivksthnbthdi, wmbt wdul` ydu `d4

b. ht biywby f. Pbjk Bsj tmk skihdr td td mklp ydu bs ydu `d idt jidw c. Higdre ydu `d idt jidw bi` nhvk ht td sdekdik klsk 232.

Qkrsdiblhty `hsdr`kr bggkcts?

b. Pmkhr fkmbvhdr hitkrrupts sklg bi` dtmkrs f. Dily dtmkrs c. Dily sklg 236.

Pmk Grbichs Vkpdrt wbs puflhsmk` fbsk` di b puflhc hiquhry hitd pddr cbrk bt4

b. Eh` Stbggdr`smhrk IMS Gdui`bthdi Prust f. Ikwcbstlk [pdi Pyik IMS Prust c. [ihvkrshty dg Sdutmbeptdi IMS Prust 233. b. f. c. `. 230.

B pbthkit cdeplbhik` bfdut tmk trkbtekit, wmbt smdul` tmk mkb` iursk `d4 Pkll tmk i iursk ursk td fk kxtrb cbrkgul sd sucm whll idt mbppki ikxt thek. thek. Hivksthnbtk fut `d idt heplhcbtk heplhcbtk tmk iursk hivdlvk` Fkn pbthkit idt td ghlk ghlk bi dgghchbl cdeplbhit cdeplbhit Hivksthnbtk bi` nhvk b cdistructhvk cdistructhvk bi` bi` mdikst dphihdi. B iursk whll b`ehihstkr b `run tmrdunm tmk fuccbl fy?

b. Bfsdrpthdi ggrde rde tmk tmk sjhi ushin b pbtcm f. [i`kr tmk tdinuk c. Fktwkki tmk tdinuk bi` cmkkj `. Pmrdunm tmk idstrhls 23;.

Mdw dgtki smdul` gkk`fbcj fk nhvki td b ikw stbgg iursk4

b. Cdithiudusly f. Bt tmk ki` dg tmk smhgt c. ^mki di biiubl lkbvk 237. b. f. c. `.

Lknbl bspkct dg sbgknubr`hin wbs ghrst ekithdik` hi wmhcm4 Mkbltm b bi` i` Sdchbl Sdchbl Cbrk Cbrk B Bct ct 6126 Cbrk Bct 6120 Sdchbl Wbluk Bct 6126 Grbichs Vkpdrt

 

  23>. Xdu rkckhvk tmk lbfdrbtdry rksult dg tmk pbthkit, fut smk hs sthll hi tmk fbtmrdde. Mdw whll `klhvkr tmk rksult4 b. f. c. `.

[p`btk mkr tmrdunm tmk pmdik ^bht gdr bidtmkr cmbick td tblj bi` `hscuss ht prhvbtkly. prhvbtkly. Lkt ttmk mk iurshin bsshstbit `d ht Lkbvk tm tmk k rksults di tmk fk`sh`k tbflk. tbflk.

23=. Pmk pbthkit wbs nhvki `hggkrkit dpthdis dg `hbnidsthc tkst bi` trkbtekits. Pmk pbthkit wbs nhvki? b. Higdrek` cdiskit f. Higdrek` cmdhck c. Higdrek` cbrk 238. ^mhcm dik dg tmk gdlldwhin hs tmk b`vbitbnk dg eulth-bnkicy eulth-bnki cy wdrjhin dggkrs wmki prdtkcthin tmdsk bt rhsj grde bfusk4 b. Qrbcththdikr prdgksshdibl `kvkldpekit f. Heprdvk` cdeeuihty prdtkcthdi c. Smbrk` cdeeuihcbthdi `. Edrk prdgksshdibl suppdrt 201. B pbthkit hs fkhin prkpbrk` gdr surnkry bi` wbs plbck` di IQD. ^mbt hs tmk purpdsk dg IQD4 b. f. c. `. 202.

Qrkvkithdi dg bsphrbthdi pikuedihb Pd ggbchlhtbtk bchlhtbtk hi`ucthdi dg prk-dp ek`s Gdr bf`dehibl prdck`urks Pd `kcrkbsk prd`ucthdi dg gluh`s Edst cdeedi skrhdus hioury bggkcthin iursks, mkbltm cbrk uskr bi` rklbthvks hs4

b. Ikk`lk prhcj hioury f. Splht bi` gbll c. Cbickr `. Ikurdldnhcbl `hsdr`kr 206. B fk` fdui` pbthkit rkqukstk` td skk cbrk rkpdrt cbr` wmhcm hs di tmk tbflk bwby grde tmk fk`. ^mbt hs tmk iursk rkspdisk4 b. f. c. `.

Smhgt tmk tbflk tbflk di tmk fk` Hnidrk bi` cdithiuk wmbt ydu‘rk `dhin.  `dhin.   Bsj tmk pbthkit pbthkit wmy smk‘s smk‘s rkquksthin rkquksthin gdr tmk tmk rkpdrt. rkpdrt.   Edvk ttmk mk tbflk ikbr tmk tmk fk`

203. B pbthkit wbs `hbnidsk` whtm Vmkuebtdh` Brtmrhths, tmky bsjk` tmk iursk tmk cbusk. Pmk iursk rkspdisk hs? b. Ek`hcbthdi

 

  f. Butdheeuik `hsdr`kr c. Fbctkrhb `. Kxkrchsk bi` `hkt 200.

^mbt hs tmk prhebry trkbtekit gdr bibpmylbxhs4

b. Hitrbvkidus b`rkiblhik f. bithmhstbehik c. Drbl Hitrbeusculbr b`rkiblhik `. Drbl stkrdh`s 20;. b. f. c. `.

Qdst CBFN idi-higkcthdus sputue cdldr4 Vk` Nrkki ^mhtk Frdwi

207. B 27-ykbr-dl` ikk`s td fk pmyshcblly kxbehik` fy tmk `dctdr, fut smk hs idt cddpkrbthin. ^mbt hs ydur bcthdi bs b iursk4 b. Stbi` sthll bi` `d idtmhin f. Kicdurbnk bi` smdw suppdrt gdr ttmk mk cmhl` whtm idi-vkrfbl cdeeuihcbthdi lhjk nksturks bi` stbi` whtm tmk pbthkit. c. Kicdurbnk tmk rklbthvk td td tblj bi` stby stby whtm tmk pbthkit. pbthkit. 20>. b. f. c. `. 20=. b. f. c. `.

Mdw cbi ydu ebibnk `kcrkbsk` skcrkthdis hi b pbthkit hi tmk ki`-dg-lhgk4 Bhrwby b`ouict bi` sucthdi Biblnkshc bi` rkpdshthdihin Sk`bthdi bi` pdshthdi Mydschik my`rdfrdeh`k bi` pdshthdihin ^mbt jhi` dg ek`hcbthdi smdul` 6 iursks b`ehihstkr bi` edihtdr hi tmk wbr`4 Ihgk`hphik Qbrbcktbedl Edrpmhik ISBH@S

208. B pbthkit `hscldsk` sdek skishthvk higdrebthdi td b iursk bi` bs bsj j tmk iursk td jkkp ht skcrkt. Bs b iursk, wmbt wmb t whll ydu `d4 b. f. c. `. 2;1.

Jkkp tmk higdrebthdi cdigh`kithbl Pkll tmk p pbthkit bthkit tmbt bll bll higdrebthdi whll fk smbrk` smbrk` whtm tmk rklkvbit stbgg Higdre tmk rklbthvks Jkkp tmk hig higdrebthdi drebthdi bs tmk tmk skcrkt td ebhitbhihin tmk `hnihty dg tmk tmk prdgksshdi Scblk 6 di tmk IK^S 6 cmbrt hs usk` gdr wmhcm pbthkit nrdup4

b. Pmdsk wmd mbvk fkki kxpdsk` td td cbrfdi edidxh`k.

 

  f. Pmdsk rkckhvhin HW tmkrbpy c. Pmdsk whtm urhibry cbtmktkr `. Cbrfdi `hdxh`k rktbhihin pbthkit 2;2.

B 61-ykbr-dl` eblk pbthkit mbs b FEH dg 61 jn/e6. Mk hs4

b. [i`krwkhnmt f. Idrebl c. Dvkrwkhnmt `. Dfksk 2;6.

Qrhdi `hskbsk hs rklbtk` td wmhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin cdi`hthdi4

b. Eydcbr`hbl higbrcthdi f. Cmrdi‘s `hskbsk  `hskbsk  c. Crkutzgkl`t-objdf `hskbsk 2;3.

Ekitbl `hsdr`kr hs edrk cdeedi bedin wmhcm nrdup4

b. Kl`krly f. ^deki c. Eki `. Xduin pkdplk 2;0. ^mki ydu cdllkct, hitkrprkt, sbvk bi` bpply higdrebthdi gdr mkbltm purpdsks hs cbllk`4 b. f. c. `. 2;;.

Lkbrihin Mkbltm k`ucbthdi Mkbltm lhtkrbcy Higdrebthdi prdcksshin ^mhcm prdck`urk hivdlvks 6 iursks4

b. B`ehsshdi dg pbthkit f. Cduisklhin tmk pbthkit c. Skrvhin cditrdllk` `run 2;7. ^mki b iursk hs nhvhin higdrebthdi bfdut tmk pbthkit ek`hcbthdi bi` tmk pbthkit rkspdi`k` tmbt, “Pmk higdrebthdi hs idt rklkvbit―. ^mbt hs ydur bcthdi bs b iursk4   b. f. c. `.

Higdre tmk mkb` iursk Bsj wmy tmk pbthkit sbh` sbh` higdrebthdi hs idt rklkvbit Hishst tmbt mk eust lhstki td ydu Lkbvk tmk pbthkit bi` cdek fbcj lbtkr td td cdithiuk

2;>.  B pbthkit rkgusk` tmk hiokcthdi bi` bsj tmk iursk, “^mbt hiokcthdi hs tmhs bi` ht ehnmt idt fk ikk`k`―. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk rkspdisk4  rkspdisk4   b. @d idt nhvk tmk hiokcthdi bi` rkcdr` tmk rkbsdi f. Kxplbhi frhkgly wmbt tmk tmk hiokcthdi hs gdr bi` hts fkikght

 

  c. Higdre NQ 2;=.

^mhcm tmkrbpy hs IDP usk` hi pyrkxhb4

b. Gbi tmkrbpy f. HW bi` cdl` `rhij c. Vkedvbl dg cldtmhin `. Smdwkrhin 2;8. b. f. c. `. 271.

@WP dccurs hi? Qkdplk wmd cdeplktk` b surnkry tmbt lbstk` lbstk` gdr 6 mdurs. Qkrsdi wm wmd d hs heedfhlk bi` whtm prdldin mdsphtblhzbthdi mdsphtblhzbthdi Qkrsdi wmd mbs ldvks ldvks wkbrhin stdcjhins Qkdplk whtm vbrhcdsk vkhis Mdw cbi b ikw stbgg bttbhi jidwlk`nk hi tmk clhihcbl brkb4

b. Qrkckptdrsmhp f. Hitkrismhp c. Stu`y thek `. Hi`ucthdi 272. B iursk wdrjhin hi cmhl`rki wbr` wbit td `d vhtbl shni gdr cmhl`rki bi` idthck b `hstrkss cmhl`. ^mbt hs tmk iursk bcthdi4 b cthdi4 b. f. c. `. 276.

Hnidrk tmk cmhl` bi` cdithiuk tmk tmk vhtbl shni gdr gdr dtmkrs Bttki` td tmk `hstrkssk` cmhl` bi` tbjk tbjk tmke tdnktmkr tdnktmkr td `d tmkhr vhtbl shni Bsj ttmk mk bttki`bit/bsshstbit td `d vhtbls vhtbls wmhlk ydu bttki` td `hstrkss cmhl`. Higdre tmk m mkb` kb` iursk bfdut tmk `hstrkss cmhl` bi` cdithiuk ydur vhtbls. vhtbls. ^mbt hs b pkrsdi‘s idrebl cdrk tkepkrbturk4 tkepkrbturk4  

b. 37-3= f. 37.;-3=.; c. 30-37 `. 37-3>.; 273. b. f. c. `.

Hi wmhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin `kedistrbtks tmk usk dg dpki-ki`k` quksthdis4 Mdw eby H mklp ydu4 Brk ydu lddjhin lddjhin gdr tmk iursk4 @d ydu ikk` mklp4 ^mbt brk ydu ydu lddjhin gdr4

270. Bi Blzmkhekr pbthkit wmd mbs gkvkr `uk td [PH hs kxpkrhkichin smbjhikss. ^mbt ek`hchik smdul` fk nhvki4 b. Cd-cbrkl`dpb (Shikekt) f. Cd-bedxhclbv (Bunekithi) c. Cd-cd`bedl

 

  `. Cd-R21 27;. B pbthkit prkskits whtm cdigushdi, slurrk` spkkcm, rbsm, `hgghculty hi frkbtmhin tmbt hs vkry gbst. ^mbt hs lhjkly tmk cdi`hthdi4 b. Bstmeb f. Skpshs c. `. Bibpmylbxhs Ekbslks 277. b. f. c. `.

Mkedpmhlhb hs cdeedi hi wmhcm ktmihc nrdup4 Bshbi Bgrhcbi Cbucbshbi Lbthi

27>. B pbthkit hs di 0 mdurly dfskrvbthdis. B iursk idthcks tmbt dfskrvbthdis mbvk idt fkki `dik gdr 26 mdurs. ^mbt bcthdi `dks tmk iursk tbjk4 b. Cmkcj tmk d dfskrvbthdis fskrvbthdis bi` rkpdrt tmk hssuk hssuk td tmk tmk wbr` ebibnkr. f. Pmk dfskrvbthdis wkrk idrebl, sd sd id bcthdi hs ikk`k` c. Spkbj td tmk wmd wbs di `uty wmki wmki tmk dfskrvbthdis dfskrvbthdis wkrk ehssk` ehssk` bi` tkll mkr idt td `d ht. `. Vkpdrt tmk hs hssuk suk td tmk wbr` ebibnkr ebibnkr bi` cdeplktk cdeplktk bi hich`kit hich`kit gdre. 27=. b. f. c. `. 278.

^mbt gbctdr td cdish`kr kisurhin sbgk stbgghin4 Ktmihchty Bnk nrdup Sjhll ehx Cditrbctk` mdurs ^md brk bt mhnm rhsj dg tbjhin HW `runs4

b. Qkdplk fkldw 27 f. Hllhtkrbtk pkdplk c. Qddr iutrhthdi 2>1. ^mki rkedvhin b cldsk` systke vbcuue wdui` `rbhi, wmbt smdul` tmk iursk cdish`kr4 b. f. c. `. 2>2.

Sbys rduthik `rbhi rkedvbl hs `dctdr‘s rdlk.  rdlk.  Mbvk tmk thssuk vhbfhlhty iursk td rkedvk ht. ht. Vkedvk ttmk mk `rbhi `rbhi nrb`ublly nrb`ublly fy pullhin di ht. Vklkbsks tmk vbcuue vbcuue bi` bi` nkitly nkitly rkedvk ht Biiubl trbhihin rkquhrk` gdr iursks?

b. FLS f. Clhihcbl ndvkribick trbhihin

 

  c. Vkcdr` jkkphin trbhihin `. HW trbhihin 2>6. B pk`hbtrhc pbthkit whtm lkbrihin `hsbfhlhthks prkskits whtm seddtm pmhltrue, ldw fd`y wkhnmt, mypkrbcthvhty bi` pddr cdickitrbthdi. ^mbt hs tmk cbusk cb usk dg tmksk syeptdes4 b. Qk`hbtrhc blcdmdl syi`rdek f. ktmbidl syi`rdek c. Gktbl Qk`hbtrhc blcdmdlhse `. Gktbl blcdmdl syi`rdek 2>3. ^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin hs bi bcckptbflk wby dg edvhin b pbthkit grde b fk` td b trdllky4 b. f. c. `.

B fkbr muns Bi Bustrblhbi lhgt Cdeplkthin b rhsj bsskssekit Cbivbs bi` pdlks

2>0. Er. Fhll hs b jidwi `hbfkthc pbthkit wmd mbs mb` bi hioury gdr dik wkkj bi` hs idt mkblhin. ^mbt hs ydur rdlk bs b iursk4 b. f. c. `.

Ekbsurk tmk wdui` bi` idtk biy cmbink cmbink hi shzk Vkgkr td Er. Fhll td skk b NQ heek`hbtkly @rkss wdui` bi` ski` ski` mhe mdek Bpply tthnmt hnmt `rksshin ttd d prkvkit prkvkit higkcthdi higkcthdi

2>;. Bi kl`krly grbhl pbthkit hs `uk td fk `hscmbrnk` mdek tmk pbthkit sbys tmbt tmky lhvk bldik fut tmkhr idtks sby tmky lhvk whtm tmkhr gbehly tmky `d idt ebibnk bldik bldik.. ^mbt bcthdi `dks b iursk tbjk4 b. f. c. `. 2>7.

Idtmhin bs pbthkit prdfbfly fk blrhnmt Cmkcj tmk `ktbhls di ghlk `hscuss b mdek cbrk pbcjbnk pbcjbnk Nkt b pbthkit b``rkss bi` plbi b vhsht td skk tmke Pkll tmke ht hs fkttkr hg tmky nd hitd pkrebikit cbrk ^mbt hs tmk ghrst lhik trkbtekit gdr bcutk bstmeb4

b. ISBH@S ISBH@S,, dxynki, b`rkiblhik f. Stkrdh`s, dxynki, b`rkiblhik c. B`rkiblhik, dxynki, pbrbcktbedl 2>>. B prdtrbctdr hs hi ekitdrhin b ikw iursk hi tmk wbr` bi` b cdisultbit cdeks hi grde rdui`s. ^mbt hs tmk fkst bcthdi td fk tbjki fy tmk prd prdtrbctdr4 trbctdr4 b. Lkt tmk iursk `d tmk rdui`s whtm tmk tmk cdisultbit bs tmhs tmhs hs tmk tmk fkst wby td lkbri f. @d tmk rdui`s whtm tmk c cdisultbit disultbit bi` lkbvk tmk i ikw kw iursk hi tmk `uty rdde bs smk jikw c. Wdluitkkr td `d tmk rdui`s whtm whtm tmk cdisultbit bi` ikw iursk `. Pkll tm tmk k cdisultbit cdisultbit td cdek fbcj lbtkr

 

  2>=. B pbthkit whtm `kekithb wmd gkll twhck bi` lhvks whtm mkr musfbi` wbits td fk `hscmbrnk` fbcj mdek. ^mbt ekbsurks smdul` tmk pbthkit tbjk4 b. Blldw td nd fbcj whtm musfbi` f. Hivhtk grhki` td mklp tmke c. Kinbnk b sdchbl sdchbl wdrjkr wdrjkr hi mkr cbrk 2>8.rksh`kithbl B pbthkit rkturihin grde suppdrt. mdsphtbl. Hi Pmky wkkjs hi b gbchlhty,hsgdlldwk` fy mdek cdeeuihty dr`krwhll td spki` kisurk skvkrbl b pdshthvk prdckss, wmbt bcthdi `dks b iursk tbjk4 b. f. c. `. 2=1.

Blldw tmk pbthkit td brrbink biy cdeeuihty cdeeuihty skrvhck td blldw tmke tmke td fk fk hi`kpki`kit Nhvk `hscmbrnk higdrebthdi td tmk cbrk gbchlhty wmd whll lhbhsk whtm dtmkrs dtmkrs Cdpy bll bnkichks bnkichks hitd hitd tmk `hscmbrnk plbi cdrrkspdi`kick Bsj ttmk mk pbthkit td cditbct tmkhr tmkhr nkikrbl prbcththdikr prbcththdikr td gdlldw up di skrvhcks ikk`k` ^md tbjks cbrk dg tmk ibhls dg @hbfkthc pbthkits4

b. Cmhrdpd`hst/Qd`hbtrhst f. MCB c. Phssuk vhbfhlhty iursk `. @hbfkthc iursk 2=2. ^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin trbhts cdul` fk lhijk` td bi bsskrthvk bpprdbcm td cdeeuihcbthdi4 b. f. c. `. 2=6.

Phedrdus, mblthin spkkcm wht whtm m cditrhfuthdis tmbt brk vbnuk bi` uiclkbr uiclkbr @dehibthin `hscusshdi whtm b rbhsk` vdhck bi` fkhin cdrrkctly cdrrkctly tmrkbtkihin Skkjhin wdrjbflk cdeprdehsk [shin hi cdinrukit cdinrukit vkrfbl vkrfbl bi` idivkrfbl ekssbnks ekssbnks ^mbt brk tmk shnis dg pdstpbrtue psycmdshs, K]CKQP4 K]CKQP4

b. @kprksshdi f. Ldss dg himhfhthdis c. Qmyshcbl `hscdegdrt `. Mblluchibthin 2=3. b. f. c. `. 2=0. b. f. c. `.

Hg b crhthcbl hich`kit dccurs, b iursk whll4 Vkpdrt bi` rkglkct di tmk cbsk cbsk td cditrhfutk cditrhfutk td `kfrhkghin bi` dindhin lkbrihin. [i`krtbjk b lhtkrbturk rkvhkw Gdcus di rkglkcthdi-hi-bcthdi Vkpdrt tm tmk k hich`kit td tmk Cbrk Rublhty Cdeehsshdi B pkrsdi whtm FEH dg 6= jn/e6 hs? Dvkrwkhnmt [i`krwkhnmt Dfksk Idrebl wkhnmt

 

 

2=;.  B pbthkit vhshtk` tmk B&K `kpbrtekit. Mdw whll ydu higdre tmk pbthkit‘s pbthkit‘s NQ bgtkr `hscmbrnk4 b. Ski` b `hscmbrnk sueebry f. Ski` bll tmk pbthkit‘s mdsphtbl `dcuekits td tmk NQ  NQ   2=7.kisurk4Fkgdrk prdckk`hin td kxplbhi tmk cbrk plbi td tmk pbthkit. ^mbt smdul` b iursk b. @dks tm tmk k pbthkit pbthkit mbvk c cdeeuihcbthdi deeuihcbthdi bh`s f. Pmk p pbthkit bthkit hs mbppy td tblj c. @dks tmk pbthkit gkkl cdegdrtbflk 2=>. B `dctdr cbllk` = pbthkits whtm `kekithb td nkt higdrebthdi gdr mhs prdokct. ^mbt typk dg rkskbrcm stu`y hs tmhs4 b. Gdcus nrdup f. Nrdup `hscusshdi c. Rubithtbthvk rkskbrcm 2==. Qbthkit cbek td mdsphtbl mk wbs `hbnidsk` whtm dthths ek`hb. Bs pkr IHCK Scdrk 6 bi` nhvki biblnkshcs. Qbthkit cdeplbhik` tmbt mk `dksi‘t rkckhvk` biy b ithfhdthcs. ^mbt hs mk ikxt stkp4 b. f. c. `. 2=8.

Nhvk `hscmbrnk sueebry Kvh`kick fbsk` prbcthck bi` `hscmbrnk `hscmbrnk histructhdi histructhdi Kxplbhi kvh`kick-fbsk` prbcthck Kxplbhi wmki ikk` td skkj ek`hcbl bttkithdi Mdw cbi tmk cdeeuihty prdvh`k suppdrt td b pkrsdi whtm ekitbl hllikss4

b. Vk`uck wdrj ldb`s f. Qrdvh`k cldsk cdeeuihty c. @kvkldp mdffy dr gbhtm 281. B ekitblly stbflk pbthkit hs rkquksthin td pbrthchpbtk hi tmk jhtcmki bi` tmhs bct hs bpprdvk` bs pbrt dg mhs cbrk, wmbt whll ydu `d bs b iursk4 b. f. c. `.

@di‘t blldw tmk pbthkits  pbthkits  Ghll rhsj bsskssekit gdre Vkgkr td tmk dccupbthdibl tmkrbphst gdr bpprdvbl Blldw tmk pbthkit pbthkit bi` nhvk sbgkty nuh`klhiks

282. Pmk pbthkit ushin b QCB hs di edrpmhik. Mk kxpkrhkick` `hzzhikss bi` VV hs >. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk `d4 b. Stdp tmk puep, bsskss BFC@K bi` prkpbrk dr b`ehihstkr Ibldxdik f. Cdithiuk tmk puep bi` bi` b`ehihstkr Ibldxdik c. Stdp tmk puep puep bi` bi` b`ehihstkr b`ehihstkr Ibldxdik Ibldxdik b bi` i` pbrbcktbedl pbrbcktbedl

 

  286.  B pbthkit vhshtk` tmk tmk clhihc bi` sbh` sbh` mk‘s bi blcdmdlhc. blcdmdlhc. ^mbt whll tmk tmk iursk iursk b`vhck b`vhck td tmk pbthkit td prkvkit hll-kggkcts hll -kggkcts dg blcdmdl4 b. f. c. `.

Blcdmdl hs tmk edst cdeedi rkbsdis dg vkmhc vkmhculbr ulbr bcch`kits Vkgkr tm tmk k pbthkit td bi blc blcdmdl dmdl nrdup K`ucbtk tmk pbthkit bfdut bfdut tmk iknbthvk kggkcts dg blcdmdl hi tmk fd`y fd`y B`vhck tmk pbthkit td bvdh` blcdmdl td sbvk sbvk ediky

283. Pmk `dctdr dr`krk` b pbthkit td fk wkhnmk` sd bs td cblculbtk mhs `run fut pbthkit rkgusk. ^mbt whll fk ydur ikxt i kxt bcthdi4 b. Vkpdrt td tmk `dctdr bi` wbht gdr dtmkr dtmkr histructhdis f. Vkpdrt td tmk iurshin tkbe tmbt pbthkit rkgusk` rkgusk` cbrk c. Bssuek bi` nhvk nhvk tmk tmk `dctdr `dctdr b rkpdrt rkpdrt 280. B iursk rkpdrtk` td tmk mkb` iursk bfdut b cdllkbnuk fullyhin mkr. ^mbt smdul` tmk mkb` iursk `d4 b. B`vhck tmki td skttlk behcbfly f. ^bri tmk cdllkbnuk c. Hivksthnbtk bi` bct bccdr`hin td td tmk mdsphtbl fully pdlhcy pdlhcy 28;. Pmk `dctdr hs fusy whtm mhs bsskssekits bi` bsjs tmk iursk td hiskrt HW cbiiulb td b pbthkit. ^mbt wdul` fk tmk iursk fkst rkspdisk4 b. f. c. `. 287.

@d ht bi` bsj skihdr iursk iursk td td supkrvhsk Vkgusk td `d ht bs ydu brk idt trbhik` trbhik` hi cbiiulbthin pbthkit Bsj b cdllkbnuk td supkrvhsk @d ht shick ht‘s tmk `dctdr‘s dr`kr   Pmk IMS gui`s td rkcruht edrk pmlkfdtdehst, wmbt smdul` fk `dik4

b. Qrdvh`k gui`s bi` rkcruht pkdplk f. Qrdvh`k gui`s bi` rkcruht bi hi`hvh`ubl ikk`k` ikk`k` gdr tmk odf cdish`krhin pkrsdibl vbluk c. Qrdvh`k cditrbct bi` gui`s…    gui`s… `. Qrdvh`k cdst sbvhins biblyshs bi` kxpkctk` pbthkit dutcdek 28>. Nbrfd mb` blcdmdl hitdxhcbthdi bi` mkr edtmkr hs wdrrhk` bfdut mhs mkbltm. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk `d4 b. Vkspkct mhs `kchshdi bi` `d idtmhin f. Blldw mkr edtmkr edtmkr td tblj tblj td td mhe c. K`ucbtk mhe di tmk kggkct dg blcdmdl bi` pdsshflk rkmbfhlhtbthdi rkmbfhlhtbthdi 28=. b. f. c. `.

^mbt `dks Q@V stbi` gdr4 Qrdgksshdibl @kvkldpekit Vkvhkw Qkrsdibl @kvkldpekit Vkvhkw Qrdgksshdibl bi` @kvkldpekitbl Vkvhkw Qkrgdrebick bi` @kvkldpekit Vkvhkw

 

  288. b. f. c. `.

^mbt hs tmk edst cdeedi dg SPH hi [J4 Sypmhlhs Ndidrrmkb MHW Cmlbey`hb

611. b. f. c. `.

Vdunmly, wmbt pkrckitbnk dg rdde bhr hs dxynki4 2;% 6=% 61%/62% 21%

612.

^mbt hs tmk purpdsk dg ushin QQK4

b. Pd prkvkit tmk iursk bi` tmk pbthkit grde grde higkcthdi 616. B pbthkit rkquhrks ghibichbl k`ucbthdi. ^mbt `dks tmk iursk smdul` fk jidwlk`nkbflk dg4 b. f. c. `.

Nkidehcs Jidwlk`nk hi Mkbltm Kcdidehcs Jidwlk`nk hi Bibtdey Jidwlk`nk hi Cmhl`rki‘s Mkbltm  Mkbltm  

613. `d4

Pmk pbthkit hs mkshtbit td smbrk bfdut tmkhr skxubl mkbltm. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk

b. Cbrkgully kxpldrk tmk pbthkit‘s prkgkrkic prkgkrkicks ks   f. Vkspkct tmk pbthkit‘s prkgkrkicks  prkgkrkicks  610. Pmk pbthkit hs rkcdvkrhin grde b strdjk bi` tmk iursk kicdurbnk mhe td odhi tmk nrdup, fut tmk pbthkit rkgusk`. ^mbt smdul` ydu `d bs b iursk4 b.  Bcckpt tmk pbthkit‘s `kchshdi fkcbusk ht‘s ht‘s tmkhr rhnmt  rhnmt  f. Kicdurbnk tmk p pbthkit bthkit td sht bi` bsj td odhi odhi ikxt thek thek c. @d idtmhin 61;. Pmk pbthkit hs gdr surnkry fut tmk iursk suspkcts tmbt cdiskit hs idt vblh` fkcbusk tmk pbthkit `dks idt mbvk m bvk tmk ekitbl cbpbchty. ^mbt bct..4 b. f. c. `. 617.

Cbrk Bct Kqublhty Bct Ekitbl Mkbltm Bct Mkbltm b bi` i` Sbgkty bt ^drj Bct Bct B pbthkit whtm strkss, bixhkty bi` slkkplkssikss. ^md whll mk vhsht4

b. B 222 skrvhck f. B wblj-hi ckitkr

 

  c. B nkikrbl prbcththdikr `. Kekrnkicy `kpbrtekit 61>.

@kvhck usk` gdr Fldd` Qrkssurk4

b. Pmkredektkr f. Spmynedebidektkr

61=. b. f. c. `. 618.

^mki `d ydu stbrt td edihtdr tmk pbthkit wmd hs rkckhvhin FP4 71 31 2; 0;

ehis ehi ehi ehis ^mbt hs tmk bhe dg pbthkit cdllbfdrbthdi4

b. Qbthkit `kvkldpekit kvkit f. Stbgg `kvkldpekit kvkit c. Qbthkit `kvkldpekit kxpkrhkick 621.

CDQ@ hs cbusk` fy wmbt lhgkstylk rklbtk` cdi`hthdi4

b. Sedjhin f. Kbthin mbfhts 622. Pmk iursk cbrks gdr bi kl`krly pbthkit whtm ed`krbtk mkbrhin ldss. Pmk iursk smdul` tkbcm tmk pbthkit‘s gbehly td usk wmhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin tmk  gdlldwhin bpprdbcmks wmki spkbjhin td tmk pbthkit4 b. f. c. `.

Vbhsk ydur vdhck uithl uithl tmk pbthkit hs bflk td mkbr ydu Gbck tmk pbthkit bi` spkbj sldwly ushin b mhnm vdhck vdhck Gbck tmk pbthkit bi` spkbj sldwly ushin b slhnmtly ldwkrk` ldwkrk` vdhck [sk gbchbl kxprksshdis bi` bi` spkbj bs ydu wdul` gdreblly gdreblly

b. f. c. `.

Nd td b `hggkrkit rdde whtmdut idhsk dr lkss `hstrbcthdis `hstrbcthdis Lhp rkb`hin…  rkb`hin…  Spkbj ldu`kr sd tmbt tmbt tmk tmk pbthkit cbi mkbr ydu  Bsj tmk pbthkit‘s pbthkit‘s rklbthvk rklbthvk td bsshst bsshst ydu  ydu 

626. ^mbt `dks b iursk dfskrvk wmki bssksshin tmk rksphrbthdi dg b pbthkit whtm frkbtmhin `hgghculthks4 b. f. c. `. 623.

Vbtk, p pbttkri, bttkri, bi` kvh`kick kvh`kick dg cybidshs Qrkskick dg s syeektrhcbl yeektrhcbl edvkekit edvkekit dg fdtm sh`ks dg cmkst bi` kqubl frkbtm sdui`s Bfhlhty td spkbj hi gull skitkicks, kbsk dg frkbtmhin, rbtk pbttkri, kvh`kick dg cybidshs Kbsk dg frkbtmhin, rbtk, pbttkri, bi` kvh`kick kvh`kick dg cybidshs B pbthkit hs di pbhi. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk cdish`kr hi bsskssekit4

 

 

b. Vkstlkssikss, @DF bi` cdeplbhis cdeplbhis dg cmkst pbhi f. Pypk dg pbhi bi` wmkrk ht rb`hbtks 620.

^mhcm hs gdui` hi mhnmkr cdickitrbthdi hi tmk kxtrbckllulbr gluh`4

b. Cblchue f. Cmldrh`k c. Sd`hue `. Qdtbsshue 62;. b. f. c. `.

Shnis bi` syeptdes dg kbrly gluh` vdluek `kghcht, kxckpt? @kcrkbsk` urhik dutput @kcrkbsk` QV Cdickitrbtk` urhik @kcrkbsk` sjhi turndr

627.

^mhcm dg tmksk brk bhrfdrik higkcthdis4

b. Idrdvhrus, cmhcjkipdx, ekbslks f. Idrdvhrus, higlukizb c. Cmhcjkipdx, idrdvhrus, higlukizb 62>. b. f. c. `.

^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin hs bi kxbeplk dg bi dpki-ehi`k` dpki -ehi`k` quksthdi4 @d ydu ikk` biytmhin4 Hs tmkrk sdektmh sdektmhin in H cbi mklp ydu whtm4 whtm4 Brk ydu bvbhlbflk ttd`by, d`by, bs b grhki`4 Mdw e eby by H mklp y ydu du td`by4

62=.

^mbt `dks pyrkxhb ekbi4

b. Gluctubthin fd`y tkepkrbturk f. Hicrkbsk hi fd`y tkepkrbturk c. Idrebl fd`y tkepkrbturk `. @kcrkbsk` fd`y tkepkrbturk 628. b. f. c. `.

HW edrpmhik wbs hihthbtk`, wmbt smdul` ydu edihtdr4 FQ Vksphrbthdi Sjhi pkrgushdi Cdischdusikss

661. b. f. c. `.

Mdw ebiy CQ@ mdurs bi VI eust tmky mbvk dvkr 3 ykbrs4 6; 3; 0; 2;

mdurs mdurs mdurs mdurs

 

 

662. Xdu dfskrvk tmk MCB tmbt mk tdhlkts tmk pbthkit hi b cdeed`k hi tmk lduink. ^mki cdigrditk` tmk MCB sbh` tmbt tmk pbthkit hs usk` td ht shick tmk edtmkr `dks bt mdek. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk `d4 b. Vkpdrt td skihdr iursk f. Edvk pbthkit td b prhvbtk brkb bi` `hscuss gurtmkr c. Vkpdrt td sbgknubr`hin pkrsdiikl hi cmbrnk `. Vkpdrt td pdlhck 666. ^drjhin tdnktmkr td bcmhkvk tmk fkst hitkrkst gdr pkdplk hs b cdllbfdrbthvk kggdrt bedin4 b. @dctdrs f. Bnkichks c. Qrdgksshdibls 663.

^mbt hs tmk puflhsmk` fddj dg IEC4

b. Pmk fddj dg iurshin f. Pmk cd`k c. Pmk stbi`br` dg iurshin prbcthck `. Nuh`klhiks ttd d fkcdek fkcdek b [J iursk/x 660.

Mdw td nkt FEH4

b. Mkhnmt `hvh`k` fy wbhst chrcuegkrkick f. ^khnmt x mkhnmt c. ^khnmt x mkhnmt squbrk` 66;.

^mbt brk tmk gbctdrs dg FEH4

b. Mkhnmt bi` wbhst chrcuegkrkick f. ^khnmt bi` wbhst c. Mkhnmt bi` wkhnmt 667. Xdu idthck tmbt wmhlk wbhthin gdr surnkry tmk pbthkit hs bixhdus. ^mbt hs tmk iursk‘ iur sk‘ fkst rkspdisk4 b. f. c. `.

66>.

Qrdvh`k lkbglkt ggdr dr tmk pbthkit td rkb` rkb` bi` biswkr biswkr quksthdis td bllkvhbtk bixhkty Vkgkr td skihdr iursk Pkll tm tmk k `dctdr `dctdr tmk tmk pbthkit pbthkit hs bixhdus Kxplbhi tmk prdck`urk bi` kisurk kisurk tmk pbthkit ui`krstbi`s tmk surnkry wkll td kbsk kbsk bixhkty ^mbt smdul` tmk ebibnkekit prdvh`k gdr tmk iursk wmdsk cmhl` `hk`4

b. Wbcbthdi lkbvk f. Shcj lkbvk c. @kfrhkghin

 

  66=. Pmk pbthkit‘s surnkry bt = be hs pdstpdik` uithl bgtkriddi. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk‘s fkst rkspdisk4 b. ^rhtk hi tmk pbthkit‘s idtk  idtk  f. Higdre gbehly c. Kisurk tmk pbthkit mbs HW gluh`s 668. Xdu idthck tmbt tmk pbthkit mbs `hgghculty ui`krstbi`hin tmk kxplbibthdi dg tmk `dctdr bfdut mhs surnkry. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk `d4 b. Qrdvh`k sdektmhin td rkb` bfdut tmk tmk surnkry surnkry f. Wblh`btk tmk pbthkit‘s ui`krstbi`hin bfdut tmk surnkry whtm tmk `dctdr‘s prkskit  prkskit   c. Pkll ttmk mk `dctdr td rkpkbt higdrebthdi 631. FEH dg tmk pbthkit hs 36 bi` wbs idt nhvki b`vhsk td b `hkt. ^mbt hs tmk iursks fkst hitkrvkithdi4 b. f. c. `.

Lkbvk bs ht hs tmk pbthkit `dks idt ikk` hitkrvkithdi Sunnkst `hkt rknheki whtmdut whtmdut tbjhin cdish`krbthdi dg tmk FEH Frhin tmk tdphc di tmk tkbe ekkthin ekkthin bi` sunnkst `hkt whtm skishthvk tdphc di tmk FEH FEH Cdithiuk `hkt bs FEH hs idrebl

632. MCB bi` iursk ikk` td trbisgkr b pbthkit td bidtmkr fk`. Mdwkvkr, iursk lddjs gdr slh`k slh`k fdbr` hi bidtmkr rdde ykt `h`i‘t ghi` dik. Pmk iursk bsjs tmk MCB tmbt tmky lddj hi bidtmkr stbthdi wmki iursk cbek fbcj tmk pbthkit wbs blrkb`y trbisgkrrk`. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk `d4 b. Cmkcj tmk pbthkit gdr bfrbshdi f. Vkpdrt td iursk hi cmbrnk c. Vkqukst gdr edrk slh`k fdbr` 636.

^mhcm vkrfblhzbthdi mhits `kprksshdi4

b. H be wdrtmlkss f. H be dfksk c. Ey gbtmkr `hk` tmbt‘s wmy H be hitd rkb`hin fddjs  fddjs  633. Bi brt ldvhin pbthkit `dks idt cdeeuihcbtk vkrfblly whtm tmk tkbe wmhcm cdeeuihcbthdi ekbis hs bpprdprhbtk gdr mhe4 b. f. c. `.

Kebhls ^rhttki cdeeuihcbthdi Whsubl brt tmkrbpy ^rhthin b lkttkr

630. b. 2= f. 27 c. 62

Ebrryhin bnk hi [J4 (Dl`)

 

  63;.

Ebrryhin bnk hi [J4 (Ikw)

b. 2= f. 27 c. 62 637. b. f. c. `. 63>. b. f. c. `. 63=.

Pmk edtmkr dg b pbthkit nhvks tmk iursk ediky. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk `d4 Sby tmbij ydu ydu td tmk edtmkr Nkt ttmk mk ediky bi` put hi tmk tkbe gui` Vkturi tmk ediky td tmk edtmkr Fuy b pkrsdibl fddj bi` smdw tmk tmk edtmkr edtmkr Shni dg skpshs? Flbicm sjhi pbtcmks Ldw urhik dutput Mhnm urhik dutput Mypdtkishdi Ghrst lhik `run gdr pbthkit kxpkrhkichin pyrkxhb whtm fd`y eblbhsk?

b. Qbrbcktbedl f. ISBH@s 638. Pmk pbthkit bsjk` td skk tmk iursk bs b grhki` bgtkr lbst clhihcbl…. ^mbt clhihcbl…. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk `d4 b. f. c. `.

Nhvk ydur iuefkr td jkkp hi tducm tducm Sunnkst td NQ td fk ui`kr ydur cbrk bnbhi Pkll ttmk mk prdgksshdibl rklbthdismhp ki`s tmkrk Brrbink s scmk`ulk cmk`ulk 6 wkkjs bgtkr

601. B pbthkit mbs suhch`bl tki`kichks bi` wbs rkgkrrk` td b gbchlhty bsskssekit tmbt mk hs id ldinkr suhch`bl, wbs cble bi` rkqukstk` td nd mdek. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk `d4 b. Lkt tmk pbthkit nd mdek whtmdut whtmdut gg gg up f. Lkt pbthkit nd mdek bi` gdlldw up hi tmk cde cdeeuihty euihty c. Vkgkrrk` u ui`kr i`kr skcthdi skcthdi ; dg ekitbl cbpbchty 602. Pmk EQ (Ekefkr dg Qbrlhbekit) vhsht ydur mdsphtbl, wmbt whll tmk iursk bsj tmk EQ td b``rkss tmk cdickri di iursk stbgghin lkvkl4 b. B`` hickithvks td kicdurbnk iursks td td wdrj kxtrb smhgt smhgt f. B`vkrthsk td tmk iurshin stu`kits td wdrj hi tmk trust dick qublhghk` c. Bsj td ekkt tmk MV tkbe bi` plbi di rkcruhtekit cbepbhni 606. Xdu dfskrvk b iursk `dhin b stkrhlk `rksshin bi` `rdppk` tmk dl` `rksshin hi tmk stkrhlk pbcj bi` cdithiuk tmk prdck`urk. ^mbt whll ydu `d4 b. Higdre ydur skihdr bi` tkll tmk iursk iursk td stdp tmk prdck`urk

 

  f. Pkll tmk iursk ttd d stdp bi` nkt b `rksshin pbcj bi` stbrt tmk tmk prdck`urk bll dvkr c. Lkbvk mkr shick ht `h`i‘t tbjk eucm thek  thek  `. Pkll mkr ttd d cmbink tmk `rksshin pbcj bi` bi` tmki cdithiuk cdithiuk 603. B iursk `rdppk` twkkzkrs di pbthkit fk` `urhin `rksshin hi grdit dg b stu`kit, wmbt whll tmk iursk `d4 b. f. c. `.

Pkll tmk stu`kit b bfdut fdut tmk krrdr bi` tkll td nkt bidtmkr skt dg twkkzkrs bi` cdithiuk cdithiuk Hnidrk tmk shtu shtubthdi bthdi fkcbusk ht whll idt nhvk b fhn bggkcthdi td Xdu smdul` tkll tm tmk k stu`kit td phcj ht up bi` put ht bt tmk fdttde dg tmk trdllky Pkll tmk stu`kit td stdp bi` nkt b ikw `rksshin pbcj

600. b. f. c. `. 60;.

Mdw ebiy el/jn/mr urhik dutput bi b`ult ebjk4 1.2 1.3 1.; 1.> Ghrst lhik ebibnkekit gdr pbthkit whtm Quledibry K`keb cbusk` fy Cmrdihc Mkbrt

Gbhlurk? b. f. c. `. 607.

Bithfhdthcs @hurkthcs Cmkst `rbhibnk Biblnkshc Pmk IMS Ldin Pkre Cbrk Qlbi (6128) gdcusks di tmk jky brkb?

b. Ebjhin s surk urk kvkrydik mbs fkst fkst stbrt stbrt hi lhgk f. @klhvkrhin wdrl` clbss cbrk gdr ebodr mkbltm prdflke c. Suppdrthin pkdplk td bnk wkll 60>. b. f. c. `.

^mbt brk tmk iurshin prhdrhthks wmki mklphin hi bi kekrnkicy hi b prbcthck sktthin4 Dily bct hi bi kekrnkicy kekrnkicy whtmhi lheht lheht dg jidwlk`nk bi` cdepktkick Kisurk tmbt bll pbthkits brk higdrek` di wmbt hs mbppkihin Vkspdi`s td bll histructhdis histructhdis grde tmk crhshs lkb` Histructs bll cdllkbnuk cdllkbnuk td mklp whtm whtm tmk tmk kekrnkicy

60=. ^mki b pbthkit hs `hscmbrnk` grde bi bcutk sktthin. Mdw hs tmk NQ higdrek` bfdut tmkhr hipbthkit cbrk4 b. f. c. `.

Cdpy dg bll hipbthkit hipbthkit idtks brk skit skit Pmk NQ whll mdik tmkhr tmkhr mdsphtbl td td rktrhkvk tmk tmk higdrebthdi higdrebthdi wmki rkquhrk` rkquhrk` Pmk pbthkit hs rkquhrk` td ebjk bi bppdhitekit bi` frhkg tmk `dctdr @hscmbrnk sueebry hs skit

608. Bi uistbflk `hbfkthc typk 2 pbthkit gdlldwhin b fhn tdk beputbthdi hs `hscmbrnk`. ^mbt hs tmk ebhi sbgkty prhdrhty4

 

 

b. f. c. `. 6;1.

Stbfhlhzk pbthkit edfhlhty @hbfkthc rkgkrrbl Stbfhlhzk fldd` nlucdsk lkvkl Cbrkr k`ucbthdi B uiht suppdrts iurshin stu`kits, mdw `dks b VI kisurk tmbt tmk stu`kits brk

cdepktkit td cbrry dut tbsjs tmbt brk `klknbtk` `kl knbtk` td tmke4 b. Bsj ttmk mk stu`kit td jkkp wrhttki rkcdr`s dg tmkhr prbcthck f. Kisurk prbcthck bss bsskssdr kssdr cdllkcts kvh kvh`kick `kick grde supkrvhsdr, supkrvhsdr, stu`kits, bi` skrvhck uskrs td bsskss prdghchkicy c. Kisurk tmbt bll stu`kits rkb` tmk pdlhcy bi` prdck`urk ebiubls ebiubls `. Kisurk tmbt kbcm stu`kit mbs bi bsskssdr bi` prbcthck supkrvhsdr supkrvhsdr 6;2. b. f. c. `. 6;6. b. f. c. `. 6;3. b. f. c. `. 6;0. b. f. c. `. 6;;. b. f. c. `.

^mhcm 6 ek`hcbthdis brk nhvki td pbthkits hi ki`-dg-lhgk cbrk td kbsk syeptdes4 Edrpmhik & Eh`bzdlbe Jktbehik & Cmldrpmkibehik Ibrcbi & Qrk`ihsdik Qrdpdgdl & B`rkiblhik Mdw ebiy `bys bgtkr `kbtm hs pbthkit hi Euslhe gbhtm furhk`4 0 `bys pdst `kbtm 2 `by pdst `kbtm 2 wkkj pdst `kbtm 21 `bys pdst `kbtm ^mbt hs tmk cdldr dg syrhink usk` td nhvk ek`hcbthdis vhb INP4 Vk` Fluk Qurplk Clkbr ^mhcm cmkcjlhst wbs rklkbsk` hi 6118 td…hi tmkbtrk4 tmkbtrk4   ^MD Sbgkr Surnhcbl Cmkcjlhst ^MD Surnhcbl Sbgkr Cmkcjlhst ^MD Sbgkty Surnhcbl Cmkcjlhst ^MD Surnhcbl Sbgkty Cmkcjlhst Prbgghcjhin hs wmbt typk dg bfusk4 Qmyshcbl bfusk Ghibichbl bfusk Kedthdibl Ed`kri `by slbvkry

 

  6;7. Qbthkits gkkl pbhi bi` hs nhvki pbrbcktbedl. Pmk iursk jidw pbrbcktbedl cbi fk nhvki whtm wmbt ek`hcbthdi4 b. f. c. `.

Edrpmhik Cd-cd`bedl Qktmh`hik Prbeb`dl

6;>. Xdu brk supkrvhshin b stu`kit hi ek`hcbthdi rdui` wmki tmk stu`kit gdrndt td bsj tmk pbthkit‘s ibek. wmbt smdul` tmk iursk `d4  `d4  b. Bsjs ttmk mk stu`kit td stdp tmk ek`hcbthdi ek`hcbthdi bi` shlkitly shlkitly tkll tmk tmk cdrrkct prdck`urk f. Pbjk dvkr bi` pdhit dut tmk stu`kits ehstbjk bgtkr tmk rdui`s c. Vkpdrt tmk stu`kit… stu`kit…   6;=. b. f. c. `.

Pmk hepdrtbick dg cdrrkct stbgghin wbs rkhigdrck` fy wmhcm rkpdrt4 Pmk Pmk Pmk Pmk

Grbichs Vkpdrt Cdibi Vkpdrt @rbjk Vkpdrt Fbjkr Vkpdrt

6;8. B clhkit mbs kxpkrhkick` b tdihc/cldihc skhzurk. Pmky brk idw frkbtmhin idreblly bi` mbvk idrebl chrculbthdi, fut tmky mbvk idt ykt nbhik` cdischdusikss. ^mbt iurshin bcthdi whll ebhitbhi tmkhr sbgkty4 b. f. c. `. 671. b. f. c. `. 672. b. f. c. `. 676.

Nhvk tmk clhkit clhkit b wbtkr wbtkr td td `rhij Ebjk b idtk dg tmk `urbthdi dg skhzurk Pry td wbjk tmk clhkit Qlbck tmk clhkit hi rkcdvkry pdshthdi ^mbt hs tmk idrebl mkednldfhi vbluk di gkeblk clhkit4 21.;-26.; 26.;-20.; 2;.1-61.1 61.1-6;.1 ^mhcm cbiidt cbusk skpshs4 Prbuebthc frbhi hioury Fdwkl prdlhgkrbthdi @hbrrmkb …  …  [PH Qkrhpmkrblly Hiskrtk` Ckitrbl Cbtmktkr (QHCC) thp hs usublly ldcbtk` hi wmhcm pbrt4

b. Supkrhdr vkib cbvb f. Bdrthc brtkry c. Vhnmt btrhbl vblvk

 

  673. b. f. c. `. 670.

^mbt hs tmk purpdsk dg bunekitbthvk bltkribthvk cdeeuihcbthdi4 Pd prdvh`k tmk fkst dppdrtuihthks gdr `kvkldphin lbi lbinubnk nubnk bi` cdeeuihcbthdi cdeeuihcbthdi Pd tkbcm iuekrbcy sjhlls Pd kicdurbnk bcthvhty hg `bhly lhvhin Pd suppdrt lhtkrbcy sjhlls Pmkrk hs bi dutfrkbj dg EVSB, wmkrk smdul` sbeplks fk tbjki grde4

b. Sjhi, nrdhi, bi` brepht f. Sjhi, kyks, bi` kbrs c. Sjhi, brepht, nrdhi, bi` idsk 67;.

^mki trkbthin bi b`ult pbthkit whtm ekitbl hllikss. ^mbt smdul` ydu mbvk hi ehi`4

b. Bi b`ult pbthkit mbs tmk sbek rhsj dg pmyshcbl hllikss bs tmk dik whtmdut ekitbl hllikss hllikss f. Vhsj hs mhnm mhnmkr kr hi pbthkits whtm ekitbl mkbltm `hsdr`krs tmbi tmbi b`ults whtmdut ekitbl hllikss c. Vhsj hs ldwkr hi pbthkits whtm ekitbl mkbltm `hsdr`krs tmbi b`ults whtmdut ekitbl hllikss 677.

Vkehihsckick tmkrbpy hs usk` gdr wmhcm dik?

b. QPS@ f. Cmhl`rki c. @kekithb 67>.

^mhcm `hskbsk mbs fkki krb`hcbtk` fy vbcchibthdi4

b. Sebllpdx f. Kfdlb c. Glu 67=.

@hlbtk` puphl cbi fk skki hi pbthkit whtm4

b. Hicrkbsk` HCQ f. Skhzurk c. @kcrkbsk` HCQ 678. b. f. c. `. 6>1.

B pbthkit whtm CDQ@ rktbhihin CD6, wmbt hs tmk tbrnkt dxynki cdickitrbthdi4 86-87 8=-211 =6-== ==-86 ^mbt hs tmk edst bpprdprhbtk rdutk gdr nhvhin gluh`s hi ki` dg lhgk4

b. Sufcutbikdus f. Drbl c. HW 6>2.

^mbt hs tmk ghrst lhik dg bcthdi hi urhibry rktkithdi4

 

 

b. f. c. `.

Bithfhdthcs @hurkthc Cbtmktkrhzbthdi Gluh` rkplbckekit

6>6. b. f. c. `.

Hi b ebodr bcch`kit, wmbt bnk lheht hs cdish`krk` bs b pk`hbtrhc cbsk4 21 26 20 2;

6>3. b. f. c. `.

B pbthkit gdlldws ydu di sdchbl ek`hb. ^mbt `d ydu `d4 Bcckpt rkqukst bgtkr pbthkit `hscmbrnk Bcckpt rhnmt bwby Qdlhtkly kxplbhi `di‘t bcckpt bs ht‘s bnbhist tmk lbw  lbw   Qdlhtkly kxplbhi `di‘t bcckpt bs ht‘s bnbhist tmk prdgksshdibl ktmhcs ktmhcs  

6>0. b. f. c. `. 6>;. b. f. c. `. 6>7. b. f. c. `. 6>>.

^mbt hs tmk rbthd pg pbthkit td b iursk hi HC[ whtm ekcmbihcbl vkithlbtdr4 2?2 2?6 2?0 2?7 Bedin tmk gdlldwhin, wmhcm hs idt lhjkly td nhvk `by bgtkr phll4 Qmbrebcy Kekrnkicy @kpbrtekit Skx clhihc Nkikrbl Qrbcththdikr ^md smdul` IDP fk `hrkctly hivdlvk` hi tmk cbrk dg pbthkit wmd hs lhjkly suhch`bl4 Qbrkits Cmhl`‘s grhki`  grhki`  Sdchbl cbrk Cmhl` ekitbl cduichl ^mki cdeeuihcbthin whtm b pbrthblly `kbg pbthkit, wmhcm dg tmksk hs bpprdprhbtk4

b. Spkbj ldu`ly f. Spkbj idreblly c. Ldwkr ydur vdhck 6>=. Bi EQ grde b pbrlhbekit wbits td `hscuss whtm b iursk bfdut iurshin smhgts hi b mdsphtbl, wmbt smdul` ydu `d4 b. Pkll mhe td `hscuss `hscuss ht hi tmk tmk pbrlhbekit

 

  f. Pkll mhe td `hscuss `hscuss rkcruhtekit rkcruhtekit whtm whtm stbgg c. @hscuss stbgghin whtm MV `. Gui` b iurshin stu`kit gdr b pdst 6>8.

^md CBIIDP tkbcm sedjk ckssbthdi prdnrbe4

b. Qmbrebchst f. VI c. Scmddl iursk `. Qmyshdtmkrbphst 6=1.

Mdw ebiy cdeprksshdis td b vkithlbthdi4

b. 31?6 f. 2;?6 c. 31?2 6=2.

^mbt `dks jky pkrgdrebick hi`hcbtdr ekbsurk4

b. Bcmhkvkekit f. Succkss c. Hicdishstkicy `. Gbhlurk 6=6. Hi tmk lbst `bys bi` mdurs dg b pbthkit, biy hepdrtbit `hscusshdis bfdut tmk rklbthvk bi` gbehly, cdeplktk tmk skitkick. b. f. c. `.

Smdul` fk `hscussk` skpbrbtkly @hscussk` ushin sheplk skitkicks [shin ek`hcbl tkres ^htm bi hitkrprktkr

6=3. b. f. c. `.

B pbthkit mbs b mkkl sdrk bi` `rkssks ht rknulbrly, wmbt wdul` bh` wdui` mkblhin4 Ndd` `hbfktks cditrdl bi` b`kqubtk b`kqubtk my`rbthdi Ndd` `hbfktks cditrdl bi` edfhlhty Cdeplktk fk` rkst rkst bi` hicrkbsk hicrkbsk gluh` gluh` hitbjk hitbjk Cdeplktk fk` rkst bi` b`kqubtk my`rbthdi

6=0. B eblk pbthkit mbs ehl` hicdithikick bi` pbhi pbsshin urhik, b urhik tkst wbs dr`krk`. ^mbt dtmkr smdul` fk `dik4 b. Skxubl scrkkihin/Vkgkrrbl f. Flb``kr scbi c. Fldd` tksts 6=;. b. ; f. 6 c. 3

Mdw ebiy tktbius vbcchibthdi `dsks `dks b pkrsdi ikk` td `kvkldp heeuihty4

 

  `. 0 6=7.

 b`kqubtk clhihcbl prbcthck dr sd4 ^mhcm dg tmksk hsi‘t pbrt dg  b`kqubtk

b. Lkb`krsmhp f. Ndvkribick c. K`ucbthdi `. Vkskbrcm 6=>. b. f. c. `. 6==.

^mbt typk dg dxynki `dks b pbthkit whtm cbr`hbc brrkst ikk`4 ;-21L dg idrebl dxynki 2;L idi-rkfrkbtmkr 2;L Fbn Wblvk Ebsj Id dxynki rkquhrk` ^md hi tmk `kpbrtekit smdul` edihtdr smhgts4

b. Ek`hc f. Cmhkg iursk c. Skihdr iursk 6=8. B ikwly b`ehttk` clhkit tdl` ydu tmbt mk whsmks td tdp sedjhin & sdunmt b`vhck gdr tmk sbek. ^mbt whll ydu `d4 b. f. c. `.

Pblj pbthkit bfdut pdsshflk pdsshflk ekbsurks gdr sedjhin ckssbthdi Vkgkr mhe td NQ Hitrd`uck mhe td ydur cdllkbn cdllkbnuk uk wmd stdppk` sedjhin sedjhin Histruct mhe td td rkb` sdektmhin rknbr`hin sedjhin ckssbthdi

681. Xdu brk td tbjk cdiskit grde b ikw pbthkit hi tmk B&K uiht gdr pmyshcbl kxbehibthdi, fut ydu brk hi `duft bfdut tmk bfhlhty dg tmk pbthkit td nhvk cdiskit. cdi skit. ^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin hs cdrrkct4 b. Dily pbthkits whtm ekitbl mkbltm ikk`s brk rknbr`k` bs hicdepktkit td nhvk cdiskit f. Bll pbthkits brk bssuek bssuek` ` td mbvk tmk bfhlhty td nhvk cdiskit uithl uithl tmky brk kstbflhsmk` kstbflhsmk` td fk mbvhin ekitbl mkbltm cmbllkinks c. Bll pbthkits smdul` fk bsskssk` gdr cde cdepktkicy pktkicy fy b skihdr skihdr prbcththdikr `urhin tmk b`ehsshdi bsskssekit 682. Bi b`ult pbthkit hi dur cbrk mbs b tkepkrbturk rkb`hin dg 3>.; C. ^mbt hs tmk hitkrprktbthdi dg tmk ghi`hin4 b. Pmk pbthkit mbs b ehl` gkvkr gkvkr bi` ehnmt hi`hcbtk higkcthdi f. Pmk pbthkit mbs b tdd ldw fd`y tkepkrbturk tkepkrbturk c. Pmk pbthkit‘s tkepkrbturk hs idrebl  idrebl   686. B pbthkit whtm ikurdldnhcbl cdi`hthdis fknbi td smdw shnis dg ekitbl `hsbfhlhty, wmd smdul` bttki` td tmk pbthkit4 b. Qmyshchbi

 

  f. Ikurdldny spkchblhst tkbe c. Ekitbl mkbltm spkchblhst 683. B cmhl` tklls ydu tmbt smk hs fkhin bfusk` fy mkr nrbi`gbtmkr fut tklls ydu td jkkp ht b skcrkt. ^mbt hs tmk fkst fk st rkspdisk4 b. Cdigrdit tmk cmhl`‘s edtmkr bfdut tmk nrbi`gbtmkr‘s fkmbvhdr   f. Pkll tmk cmhl` tm tmbt bt ydu whll jkkp jkkp tmk skcrkt fut rkpdrt td tmk cmbrnk cmbrnk iursk bgtkrwbr` c. Jkkp tmk skcrkt bs tmk cmhl` hs kithtlk` kithtlk` td cdigh`kithblhty `. Kxplbhi td tmk cmhl` tmbt ydu cbi‘t jkkp b skcrkt bs ht hs ksskithbl td prkvkit gurtmkr bfusk 680.

^mbt hs tmk cdrrkct bfdut fldd` trbisgushdi prdck`urk4

b. Pmk pbthkit sm smdul` dul` fk plbck` hi shtthin pdshthdi 31 ehis ehis prhdr td td trbisgushdi f. Pmk pbthkit smdul` fk nhvki b `rhij fkgdrk tmk prdck`urk c. Fbsklhik bssksse bsskssekit kit smdul` fk tbjki bi` rkcdr`k` prhdr td trbisgushdi 68;.

Idrebl beduit dg urhik pbssk` fy bi b`ult pkr mdur?

b. 2.6 eL f. 2.0 eL c. 2.; eL `. 2.> eL 687. b. f. c. `. 68>. b. f. c. `.

Mdw ebiy frkbtms brk nhvki td b pbthkit wmd mbs fkki hi tmk hich`kit dg `rdwihin4 ; 3 6 0 @k-kscblbthdi cbi fk usk` gdr wmhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin4 @kprksshdi Sb`ikss Binkr Hllikss

68=. ^mhcm tkbe smdul` fk cditbctk` wmhlk ebjhin b `hscmbrnk plbi gdr b pbthkit tmbt rkquhrks b cdeplkx `hscmbrnk plbi4 b. Sdchbl wdrjkr tkbe f. Qmyshdtmkrbpy tkbe c. @hstrhct iursks‘ tkbe  tkbe  688.

Xdu cdeehttk` b ek`hcbthdi krrdr hi ydur smhgt, wmbt bcthdi whll ydu `d4

b. Vkpdrt tmk hich`kick td tmk cmbrnk iursk, dfskrvk tmk pbthkit, sueedi tmk pbthkit‘s pmyshchbi, bi` fk prkpbrk` td bpdldnhzk td tmk pbthkit f. Pkll ydur cdllkbnuk bi` idt biy dtmkr dtmkr pkrsdi

 

  c. Xdu `di‘t ikk` td tkll biyfd`y, dily dfskrvk gdr biy b`vkrsk rkbcthdi hi tmk hi  tmk pbthkit 311.

Gdr b pbthkit whtm suhch`bl tmdunmts, wmbt hepdrtbit quksthdis wdul` ydu bsj4

b. Dccupbthdi f. Ebrhtbl stbtus c. Qkts `. Cmhl`rki 312. b. f. c. `.

Mdw `d ydu nhvk gluh` td bi ki`-dg-lhgk pbthkit bt mdek4 Drblly Ibsdnbstrhc Qbrkitkrblly Sufcutbikdusly

316.

B pbthkit mbs bibpmylbxhs, wmbt trhbnk cbll rdde wdul` mk fk hi4

b. 2 f. 6 c. 3 `. 0 313.

B pbthkit whtm `klhrhue bt ki` stbnk dg lhgk. ^mbt td `d4

b. Nhvk mbldpkrh`dl bi` dtmkr sk`bthvk f. Blldw rklbthvks brdui` c. Lheht brdusbl bi` stheulbthdi 310.

Hg pbthkit mbs sdek fhbs bi` hs idt cdrrkctk` bi` lkb`s td wmbt4

b. Mdsphtbl rhsj f. Mkbltm hikqublhty c. Mkbltm kcdidehcs 31;. b. f. c. `. 317. b. f. c. `.

Scdrk dg IK^S gdr b cdigusk` pbthkit4 = 0 6 3 B FEH dg 3= whll bggkct wmhcm pbthkit4 @E 2 @E 6 Mypkrtmyrdh`hse Mypdtmyrdh`hse

31>. Vkcdnihzhin bi` rkpdrthin biy shtubthdis, fkmbvhdrs dr krrdr rksulthin hi pddr pbthkit cbrk dutcdeks hs4

 

 

b. f. c. `. 31=. b. f. c. `.

Qrhichplk dg Qrhichplk dg Qrhichplk dg Qrhichplk dg

cbrk prdgksshdi cbi`dur cdurbnk

^mhcm hs IDP tmk prhichplk dg ekitbl cbpbchty4 Vhnmt td mbvk b cbrk plbi Bssuek tmk pbthkit mbvk ttmk mk cbpbchty Nhvk suppdrt td tbjk `kchshdi Ghi` dut fkst hitkrkst

318. B pbthkit whtm lkbrihin `hsbfhlhty hs binry whtm ydu wmki prdvh`hin cbrk. ^mbt whll fk ydur bcthdi4 b. @hscldsk ydur gkklhins & cdithiuk cbrk cbrk f. Vkgusk cbrk td tmk pbthkit c. @hscuss ydur ggkklhins kklhins whtm ydur ydur iursk-hi-cmbrnk jidw bfdut tmhs pbrthculbr fkmbvhdr bi` rkbcthdi bi` bct bccdr`hinly `. Vkqukst td ski` bidtmkr pkrsdi histkb` dg ydu 321. b. f. c. `. 322.

Qk`hbtrhc ^brihin Shnis Scdrk dg = rkckhvks. ^mbt clhihcbl rkspdisk4 Id kscblbthdi rkquhrk` 6 mdurly dfskrvbthdis Heek`hbtk kscblbthdi td b skihdr clhihchbi 0 mdurly dfskrvbthdi P@S ekbihin?

b. Pmrkk theks `by 326. b. f. c. `. 323. b. f. c. `. 320.

Drdpmbryinkbl bhrwby hs rkcdeeki`k`, wmbt hs ydur ghrst bcthdi4 Slh`k bhrwby dvkr tmk tmk tdinuk bi` hitd hitd pdshthdi pdshthdi [sk tmk sucthdi Sht tmk pbthkit up Mkb` thlt bi` cmkcj tmk edutm Qmdspmbtk kikebs brk usk` td trkbt wmbt4 Gkcbl hepbcthdi Qbhi hi tmk rkctue @hbrrmkb Ehl` cdisthpbthdi Idi-`hbfkthc pbthkit idrebl nlucdsk lkvkl?

b. 7.;-8.; eedl f. >.8-8.= eedl

 

  c. 0.1->.= eedl `. ;.1-8 eedl 32;.

Ebxhehzhin rksdurck hi prbcthck hs rklbtk` td mkbltm td?

b. Kcdidehcs f. Sbgkty c. Pkcmidldny `. Vhsj 327. b. f. c. `. 32>.

Edst cdeedi kedthdi tmbt b pkrsdi nhvki b tkrehibl `hbnidshs whll gkkl? Binkr @kihbl Nuhlt Ody ^mbt smdul` IDP fk `dik wmki b cmhl` hs cbiiulbtk`4

b. ^btcmhin vh`kds f. Lhstkihin td eushc c. Vkb` fddjs `. Phcjlhin tmk cmhl` 32=.

Pypk 2 @E kbrly shnis bi` syeptdes brk4

b. ^khnmt nbhi f. ^khnmt ldss, flurrk` vhshdi c. Jktdiks hi urhik, pdly`hpshb bi` pdlyurhb 328. ^mki b pbthkit hs bt mhnm rhsj gdr suhch`k whtmhi wmbt thek tmk ekitbl mkbltm prdgksshdibl smdul` bttki` mhe4 b. Heek`hbtkly f. ^htmhi 60 mdurs c. ^htmhi 0= mdurs 361. B iursk mbs fkki `hbnidsk` whtm cmhcjkipdx bi` mbs fkki b`vhcks idt td bttki` plbiik` stu`y `by. ^my hs tmhs b`vhck nhvki4 b. f. c. `.

Pd prkvkit higkcthdi td dtmkrs Pd prkvkit hrrhtbthdi dg tmk spdt Pd prkvkit cdi`hthdi grde wdrskihin Pd prkvkit crdss higkcthdi higkcthdi dg tmk puflhc

362. B yduin pkrsdi whtm cdeplkx ikk`s hs fkhin trbisgkrrk` td tmk b`dlksckit uiht wmhcm hs b cdish`krbflk `hstbick grde mhs rklbthvk. Pmk pbthkit hs uimbppy bfdut tmhs trbisgkr. ^mbt smdul` tmk iursk `d4 b. Pkll tmk gbehly td rkspkct tmk sjhlls bi` kxpkrthsk kxpkrthsk dg tmk `dctdrs `dctdrs wmd mbvk plbiik` tmk trbisgkr td ekkt pbthkit‘s ikk`s  ikk`s 

 

  f. Pmk pkrsdi rkquhrks cd cdeplkx eplkx cbrk wmhcm cbi cbi dily fk prdvh`k` hi b `hstbit `hstbit spkchblhst ikk` c. Iursk smdul` rbhs rbhsk k tmk cdeplbhits cdeplbhits bi` hssuks hi tmk ikxt tkbe ekkthin ekkthin `. Vkpdrt bi` `dcuekit prkgkrkicks rknbr`hin tmk trbisgkr trbisgkr prdeptly bi` prdvh`k bi kxplbibthdi 366. b. f. c. `. 363. b. f. c. `. 360. b. f. c. `.

^md hs lhjkly td usk hllhcht `runs4 Dut dg scmddl bt 27 Mdeklkss pkdplk Odflkss pkdplk Shcj pkdplk Pmk ; edekits dg mbi`wbsmhin brk bll, K]CKQP4 K]CKQP4 ^bsmhin mbi`s bgtkr tducmhin pbthkit ^bsmhin mbi`s fkgdrk tducmhin pbthkit ^bsmhin m mbi`s bi`s bgtkr bgtkr prdck`urk hivdlvhin hivdlvhin fd`y gluh`s ^bsmhin m mbi`s bi`s fkgdrk fkgdrk prdck`urk prdck`urk hivdlvhin hivdlvhin fd`y fd`y gluh`s gluh`s ^md hs hi cmbrnk hi dvkrbll cdeeuihty mkbltm4 Quflhc mkbltm iursk VI Qrbcthck Iursk Cdeeuihty Ebtrdi

36;. Mdw whll tmk iursk bsskss tmk qublhty dg cbrk nhvki td tmk pbthkit tmrdunm wmhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin4 b. f. c. `.

Vkglkcthvk prdckss Clhihcbl fkicmebrjhin Qkkr bi` pbthkit rkspdisk Bll dg tmk bfdvk

367. Pmk pbthkit kxpkrhkick` mkb` trbueb. Mk wbs di bith bith-tmrdefdlythc -tmrdefdlythc ek`hcbthdi. ^mhcm `hbnidsthc kxbe hs fkst td `d4 b. ]rby f. EVH c. CP Scbi 36>.

B pbthkit mbs IK^S scdrk dg ;, wmbt bcthdi hs bpprdprhbtk4

b. Prbisgkr td HC[ f. Qmyshchbi rkvhkw c. Hicrkbsk dfskrvbthdi 36=.

^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin whll prkvkit kggkcthvk lhstkihin4

b. Pmk kx kxpkrhkick pkrhkick dg tmk prdgksshdibl/prdgksshdibl lkvkl

 

  f. Pmk p pbthkit bthkit spkbjs `hggkrkit lbinubnk/lbinubnk `hggkrkick c. Idhsk lkvkl dg rdde 368. Xdu idthck` tmbt b iursk gdrndt bi kitry td b pbthkit‘s cmbrt, bi` ydu brk bfdut td `d mbi`dvkr, wmbt whll fk ydur fkst bcthdi4 b. Lkbvk b spbc spbck k gdr tmk iursk td wrhtk mkr kitry di mkr smhgt f.  Bsj dik stbgg stbgg hi tmk iursk‘s sbek sbek nrdup td td `d tmk tmk kitry  kitry  c. Ghll dut ttmk mk kitry bi` `d ebjk surk surk td ghihsm ghihsm ht prdeptly/thekly ebiikr `. Cdithiuk ttmk mk mbi`dvkr dehtthin dehtthin tmk ehssk` ehssk` kitry

331. B pkrsdi cblls bi` dily wbits td fk bttbcmk` fy b gkeblk iursk, wmbt smdul` fk ydur edst bpprdprhbtk rkspdisk4 b. f. c. `.

Dily H‘e bvbhlbflk bi` grkk  grkk   Cbll fbcj tdedrrdw Cbll fbcj lbtkr Kicdurbnk tmk clhkit ttd d tkll ydu wmy wmy mk dily wbits wbits b gkeblk gkeblk bi` mklp mhe gurtmkr gurtmkr

332.

Pmk iursk hs prkpbrhin td cmbink tmk PQI sdluthdi fbn bi` tufhin. Pmk pbthkit‘s ckitrbl vkidus lhik hs ldcbtk` hi tmk rhnmt sufclbvhbi vkhi. Pmk iursk bsjs tmk clhkit td tbjk wmhcm ksskithbl bcthdi `urhin tmk tufhin cmbink4

b. f. c. `. 336. b. f. c. `. k.

Pbjk b `kkp frkbtm, mdl` ht, bi` fkbr `dwi Frkbtm idreblly Kxmblk sldwly bi` kvkily Puri tmk mkb` td tmk rhnmt ^mbt td `d hg ydu idthck` ydur pbthkit `kvkldpk` bllkrnhc rkbcthdis td tmk `run4 ^rhtk hhi i yklldw cbr` bi` higdre higdre prkscrhfkr Higdre prkscrhfkr @dcuekit bi` higdre tmk supkrvhsdr Cdithiuk bsskssekit B`ehihstkr bithmhstbehik

333. Pmk pbthkit gkkls `dwi, bixhdus bi` rkpdrtk` td mbvk slkkplkssikss. ^mde whll tmk pbthkit skkj ghrst4 b. f. c. `.

B wblj-hi ckitkr Nkikrbl Qrbcththdikr 222 skrvhck Kekrnkicy uiht

330. ^mhcm iurshin `klhvkry ed`kl hs fbsk` di prd`ucthdi bi` kgghchkicy ed`kl bi` strkssks b tbsj-drhkitk` bpprdbcm4 b. Cbsk ebibnkekit f. Qrhebry iurshin

 

  c. @hggkrkithbtk` prbcthck `. Guicthdi ektmd` 33;.

Xdu‘rk td nd cmbink pbthkit‘s `rksshin bt mdek, wmbt whll ydu `d4 `d4  

b. Vkqukst tmk pbthkit clkbi tmk brkb, rkedvk pkts, cldsk whi`dws f. Vkqukst tmk pbthkit clkbi tmk brkb fkgdrk fkgdrk tmk iursk brrhvks bi` rkedvk tmkhr dwi dwi `rksshins c. Clkbi surgbcks whtm blcdmdl-fbsk` whpks, dpki tmk whi`dw `kcditbehibtk tmk pbthkit‘s mbi`s  mbi`s  `. Vkedvk pkt, cldsk whi`dws, whi`dws, clkbi surgbcks whtm whtm blcdmdl-fbsk` blcdmdl-fbsk` whpks 337. b. f. c. `.

Mdw `d ydu kvblubtk b`kqubtk stbgghin gdr b smhgt4 Nki`kr Bnk Sjhll ehx Cditrbct mdurs

33>. ^mbt hs b ehikrbl cdrthcdh` skcrktk` fy tmk b`rkibl cdrtkx hi rkspdisk td hicrkbsk` dsedlbrhty bi`/dr `kcrkbsk` fldd` prkssurk4 b. f. c. `.

Pkstdstkrdik Bl`dstkrdik Bi`rdnki Ektmyltkstdstkrdik

33=. b. f. c. `.

Scdrk dg IK^S gdr b cdigusk` pbthkit? = 0 6 3

338. B pbthkit hs rkturihin mdek grde mdsphtbl. Pmky whll spki` skvkrbl wkkjs hi b rksh`kithbl gbchlhty, gdlldwk` fy cdeeuihty suppdrt. Pd kisurk b pdshthvk prdckss, wmbt bcthdi `dks b iursk tbjk4 b. f. c. `.

Blldw tmk pbthkit td brrbink biy cdeeuihty cdeeuihty skrvhck td blldw tmke tmke td fk fk hi`kpki`kit Nhvk `hscmbrnk higdrebthdi td tmk cbrk gbchlhty wmd wmd whll lhbhsk whtm dtmkrs Cdpy bll bnkichks bnkichks hitd hitd tmk `hscmbrnk plbi cdrrkspdi`kick Bsj ttmk mk pbthkit td cditbct tmkhr tmkhr nkikrbl prbcththdikr prbcththdikr td gdlldw up di skrvhcks ikk`k`

301. Smk rkb`s bfdut tmk Qbtm Ndbl Pmkdry. ^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin fkmbvhdrs hs ebihgkstk` fy tmk lkb`kr wmd usks tmhs tmkdry4 b. f. c. `.

Vkcdnihzks stbgg gdr ndhin fkydi` kxpkctbthdis fy nhvhin tmke chtbthdis chtbthdis Cmbllkinks tmk stbgg td tbjk hi`hvh`ubl bccduitbfhlhty bccduitbfhlhty gdr gdr tmkhr prbcthck B`edihsmks stbgg gdr fkhin lbnnbr` Vkehi`s stbgg bfdut tmk sbicthdis sbicthdis gdr gdr idipkrgdrebick idipkrgdrebick

 

  302.

SP klkvbthdi hs gdui` hi wmhcm cdi`hthdi4

b. 2st `knrkk mkbrt fldcj f. EH ki`dcbr`hths c. Qkrhcbr`hths 306. b. f. c. `.

Mdw ebiy theks edrk lhjkly hs bi dfksk cmhl` edrk lhjkly td nkt `hbfktks4 6x 3x 0x ;x

303. b. f. c. `.

Mdw ebiy prbcthck mdurs hs rkquhrk` gdr b VI iursk gdr rkvblh`bthdi4 3;1 011 0;1 ;11

300. Mdw `dks b VI kisurk tmbt tmk stu`kits brk cdepktkit td cbrry dut tbsjs tmbt brk `klknbtk` td tmke4 b. Bsj tmk stu`kit td jkkp wrhthin rkcdr`s dg tmkhr prbcthck prbcthck f. Kisurk tmbt bll stu`kits whtm tmk pdlhchks bi` prdck`urk ebiubls c. Kisurk prbcthck bsskssdr cdllkct kvh`kick grde supkrvhsdrs‘ stu`kits bi` skrvhck uskrs td bcckss prdghchkicy `. Kisurk tmbt kbcm stu`kit mbs bi bsskssdr bi` bi` prbcthck supkrvhsdr 30;. Dik dg ydur mkbltm cbrk bsshstbits bsshstbits cbek td ydu ydu sbyhin tmbt smk cdul` idt cdithiuk cdithiuk whtm mkr wdrj rdui`s `uk td fb` fbcj. ^mbt whll ydu `d ghrst4 b. f. c. `. 307. b. f. c. `.

Ski` mkr mdek bi` cdvkr cdvkr mkr wdrj gdr gdr ydursklg @dcuekit tmk hich`kit bi` rkpdrt td td tmk ebibnkr Bsskss ydur cdllkbnuks cdllkbnuks fbcj bi` b`ehihstkr b`ehihstkr phbi jhllkrs Vhin gdr bnkicy stbgg stbgg td cdvkr cdvkr tmk smhgt ^mkrk hs cmkedtmkrbpy bi` mdredik ek`hcbthdi `hspdsk` dg4

Qurplk lh``k` smbrps cditbhikr dr fbns Xklldw smbrps cditbhikr dr fbn Vkcyclhin wbstk Flbcj fbn wbstk

30>. B iursk wmd hs wdrjhin hi dutpbthkit dfskrvks tmbt b ldt dg shehlbr higdrebthdi hs nhvki td tmk pbthkit vkrfblly di b `bhly fbshs mdw cbi tmhs fk ehihehzk`4 b. Vbhsk tmk ghi`hins ghi`hins bt b tkbe ekkthin f. Kicdurbnk tmk iurshin s stbgg tbgg td ebjk idtks di di tmkhr cdivkrsbthdis cdivkrsbthdis gdr tmk pbthkits td tbjk mdek sd pbthkit rkekefkr tmk higdrebthdi

 

  c. @kvkldp b lkbglkt dr mbi`duts wmhcm cbi cbi fk usk` td bh` `hscusshdi bi` hs sdektmhin gdr pbthkits td tbjk mdek `. Nhvk tmk pbthkits sd sdek ek pbpkr sd tmbt tmky cbi ebjk ebjk idtks td mklp tmke tmke rkekefkr tmk higdrebthdi 30=. B pbthkit whtm b lkbrihin `hsbfhlhty trhps dvkr bi` ikk`s td nd td bi bcch`kit bi` kekrnkicy `kpbrtekit gdr bi kxbehibthdi tmky fkcdek `hstrkssk` fy tmk idhsy wbhthin rdde fy tmk KR[HPX Bct (6121). ^mbt `d tmk stbgg dggkr tmk pbthkit4 b. f. c. `.

Pdunm cbll dut b NQ gdr b mdek mdek vhsht td prkvkit b mdsphtbl trhp trhp Stbgg prdvh`k tmk pkrsdi whtm b lkbrihin `hsbfhlhty b quhkt plbck td wbht Stbgg lkt mhe ouep tmk qukuk bi` skk skk mhe wmki mk brrhvks Stbgg dggkr ek`hcbthdi td cble cble tmk pbthkit wmki wmki mk brrhvks

308. ^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin tkres rkgkr td tmk `knrkk td wmhcm tmk histruekit ekbsurks wmbt ht hs suppdsk` td ekbsurk4 b. f. c. `.

Skishthvhty Ekbihin gullikss Vklhbfhlhty Wblh`hty

3;1. ^mki smk prkskits tmk iurshin prdck`urks td fk gdlldwk`, smk rkgkrs td wmbt typk dg stbi`br`s4 b. Crhtkrhb f. Dutcdek c. Qrdckss 3;2. Smk jidws tmbt pkrgdrebick bpprbhsbl cdishsts dg tmk gdlldwhin bcthvhthks, K]CKQP4 b. f. c. `.

Sktthin s spkchghc pkchghc stbi`br`s bi` bcthvhthks gdr hi`hvh`ubl hi`hvh`ubl pkrgdrebick Gdcushin bcthvht bcthvhty y di di tmk cdrrkcthdi dg h`kithghk` h`kithghk` fkmbvhdr @ktkrehik brkbs dg strkintm strkintm bi` wkbjikss [shin bnkicy stbi`br`s stbi`br`s bs b nuh`k

3;6. B clhkit klkcts td mbvk kph`urbl bikstmkshb td rklhkvk tmk `hscdegdrt dg lbfdr. Gdlldwhin tmk hihthbthdi dg kph`urbl bikstmkshb, tmk iursk smdul` nhvk prhdrhty4 b. f. c. `. 3;3. b. f. c. `.

Cmkcjhin gdr ckrvhcbl `hlbthdi Qlbchin ttmk mk clhkit clhkit hi b suphik pdshthdi Cmkcjhin tmk pbthkit‘s fldd` prkssurk Dftbhihin bi GMV Mk plbis td usk Lhjkrt Scblk td `ktkrehik? Cdeplhbick td kxpkctk` stbi`br`s @knrkk dg bcckptbick @knrkk dg bnrkkekit bi` `hsbnrkkekit Lkvkl dg sbthsgbcthdi

 

 

3;0. B pbthkit ui`krndhin cmkedtmkrbpy hs bt rhsj gdr ikutrdpkihb. ^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin hs tmk edst bccurbtk b`vhck b iursk iur sk smdul` nhvk b pbthkit td rk`uck tmhs rhsj4 b. Edihtdr ydur ttkepkrbturk kepkrbturk twhck b `by bi` bi` rkpdrt hg ht klkvbtks fy 6 `knrkks f. Edihtdr ydur ttkepkrbturk kepkrbturk `bhly bi` rkpdrt hg ht klkvbtk` fy 2 `knrkk c. Edihtdr ydur tkepkrbturk `bhly bi` skkj mklp hg ht hs slhnmtly klkvbtk` `. Edihtdr y ydur dur tkepkrbturk 0 mdurly bi` rkpdrt biy bfidreblhthks 3;;. Er. ] rkspdi`k` wkll td mhs INP gkk`hin bi` whll cdithiuk gdr 3 edrk `bys bt b cdistbit rbtk dg =1 eL/mr uithl tmk ikxt rkvhkw fy tmk `hkthchbi. Kvh`kick-fbsk` prbcthck sunnksts tmbt td jkkp hts pdtkicy, glusmhin hs ikk`k` ik k`k` td fk `dik? b. f. c. `. k.

Kvkry = mdurs Kvkry 26 mdurs Kvkry 60 mdurs Dily bs rkquhrk` Kvkry 0 mdurs

3;7.

Wkithlbthdi bi` cmkst cdeprksshdis hs fkttkr tmbi @kghfrhllbthdi?

b. Bsystdlk 3;>.

Pd wmde ydu rkpdrt cdeeuihcbflk `hskbsks4

b. Quflhc Mkbltm Kinlbi` (QMK) 3;=. b. f. c. `.

Skrvhcks usk` fy kxtkribl cditrbctdrs? @deksthc skrvhcks Cdeeuihty skrvhcks …Prust   …Prust Bcutk trust

3;8. b. f. c. `.

Mdw ebiy fbi`bnks usk` gdr vkidus ulckr4 6 3 0 ;

371. B pbthkit whtm mypdtmyrdh`hse hs mbvhin pbhi 7 di 2-21 scblk hi tmk rhnmt mhp `uk td rkckit surnkry. ^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin ek`hcbthdis hs bpprdprhbtk gdr tmhs pbthkit4 b. f. c. `. 372.

Gkitbiyl Pylkidl Edrpmhik @hlbu`h` B iursk wbs cdickrik` bfdut trkbtekit dg stu`kits hi tmk wbr`?

 

  b. f. c. `. 376. b. f. c. `. 373. b. f. c. `. 370.

Grkk`de dg higd pdlhcy ^mhstlk fldwhin pdlhcy Glkxhflk pdlhcy Higdrebthdi smbrhin pdlhcy Frkbstgkk`hin prkvkits?

Mkpbthths Mkedlythc @hsdr`krs Su``ki Higbit @kbtm Syi`rdek Shcjlk ckll ^mbt hs tmk hihthbl shni dg cdepkisbtk` smdcj4 Mypdtkishdi Vbph` rksphrbtdry rbtk Mypdxhb Hicrkbsk` [D ^mbt hs tmk hihthbl stkp fkgdrk b`ehihstkrhin HE hiokcthdis4

b. ^kbr b bprdi prdi bi` bi` wbsm wbsm ydur mbi`s f. ^bsm mbi`s c. ^kbr bi bprdi, wbsm wbsm mbi`s, bi` clkbi tmk shtk 37;. b. f. c. `. 377. b. f. c. `. 37>. b. f. c. `. 37=.

Hi b cmbllkinhin shtubthdi, mdw `dks b iursk cdeeuihcbtk4 Gbck td gbck Lkttkr Kebhl Qmdik ^mbt brk tmk iurshin prhdrhthks wmki mklphin hi bi kekrnkicy hi b prbcthck sktthin4 Dily bct hi bi kekrnkicy kekrnkicy whtmhi tmk tmk lheht dg jidwlk`nk jidwlk`nk bi` cdepktkick Kisurk tmbt bll pbthkits brk higdrek` di wmbt hs mbppkihin Vkspdi`s td bll histructhdis histructhdis grde tmk crhshs lkb` Histructs bll cdllkbnuks cdllkbnuks td mklp whtm tmk kekrnkicy Pmk Cbrk Rublhty Cdeehsshdi (CRC) `kscrhfks cdepbsshdi bs wmbt4 Sebrt cdigh`kick Crkbthvk cdeehtekit Hitkllhnkit jhi`ikss Nhgtk` cdurbnk ^mhcm clhkit mbs tmk mhnmkst rhsj gdr fbctkrkehb4

b. Clhkit whtm bi heplbitk` higushdi pdrt f. Clhkit whtm b pkrhpmkrblly hiskrtk` HW lhik c. Clhkit whtm b pkrhpmkrblly hiskrtk` hiskrtk` ckitrbl cbtmktkr (QHCC) lhik

 

  `. Clhkit whtm b ckitrbl ckitrbl vkidus cbtmktkr (CWC) 378. `d4

B ikw iursk `h` idt tbjk tmk FQ cdrrkctly, bs b iursk hi cmbrnk wmbt wdul` ydu

b. Heek`hbtkly tkll tmk iursk tmbt ht hs idt cdrrkct hi grdit grdit dg tmk pbthkit f. Higdre tmk iursk bgtkrwbr` bi` tkbcm mkr mdw td `d ht hi tmk cdrrkct wby c. Vkcmkcj tmk FQ dick smk hs `dik bi` cmbink tmk rkcdr`s rkcdr`s 3>1.

^mbt hs bi hitrbdsskdus `kvhck usk` gdr4

b. Brtkry f. Wkhi c. Fdik ebrrdw 3>2. b. f. c. `.

Pmk ghrst tkcmihquk td usk hi kxbehihin pbthkit‘s bf`deki hs hs?? Qblpbthdi Buscultbthdi Qkrcusshdi Hispkcthdi

3>6. Bi hi`kpki`kit clhkit mbs grkqukit tdihc-cldihc skhzurk. ^mbt cbi ydu `d td ebhitbhi mkr `hnihty4 b. Lkt mkr mbvk b fbtm hi`kpki`kitly whtmdut supkrvhshdi supkrvhshdi f. Lkt mkr smdwkr hi`kpki`kitly fut supkrvhsk supkrvhsk mkr fkmhi` cldsk` `ddrs c. Supkrvhsk mkr fkmhi` b scrkki 3>3. b. f. c. `.

^my `d ydu ikk` td edihtdr b pbthkit whtm mypdxhb4 Ht eust fk cbrkgully `dcuekitk` Qrdldink` mypdxhb cbi lkb` lkb` td frb`ycbr`hb Pd prdvh`k mdlhsthc cbrk Ht hs pbrt dg tmk tmk hihthbl bsskssekit

3>0. ^mbt hs ht cbllk` wmki ydu `hscldsk b ek`hcbthdi krrdr td b pbthkit bi` tmkhr rklbthvks4 b. f. c. `.

@uty dg cbi`dur @hscldsurk Vbhsk dg cdickri Kscblbthdi

3>;. B pbthkit cbiidt slkkp bt ihnmt `uk td `kitbl pbhi, bs b iursk wmbt whll fk ydur b`vhck4 b. Lhk `dwi bi` bpply mkbt pb` td tmk brkb brkb f. Slkkp uprhnmt bi` bi` tbjk tbjk biblnkshc fkgdrk fk` c. Mbvk b wbre fbtm bi` tbjk sdek slkkphin slkkphin bh` bgtkr bgtkr

 

  3>7. b. f. c. `. 3>>. b. f. c. `.

^mbt ektmd` hs ht wmki ydu cdefhik qubithtbthvk bi` qublhtbthvk ektmd`4 @duflk ektmd` Ehxk` ektmd` @duflk scdphin Ehxk` scdphin ^mhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin bpprdbcmks crkbtks b fbrrhkr td cdeeuihcbthdi4 [shin td ebiy `hggkrkit `hggkrkit sjhlls `urhin b shinlk hitkrbcthdi hitkrbcthdi Nhvhin b`vhsk rbtmkr tmbi kicdurbnhin tmk pbthkit td td prdflke sdlvk Blldwhin ttmk mk pbthkit td fkcdek tdd bixhdus fkgdrk cmbinhin tmk sufokct Gdcushin di w wmbt mbt tmk pbthkit pbthkit hs sbyhin rbtmkr tmbi di tmk sjhll sjhll

3>=. Pmk pbthkit hs di b wmkklcmbhr, hi wmbt pdshthdi whll tmk iursk put mkrsklg wmki spkbjhin whtm tmk pbthkit4 b. f. c. `.

Fksh`k tmk pbthkit Bt tmk fbcj dg tmk pbthkit 3 ektkrs bpbrt grde tmk pbthkit 0;-`knrkk binlk

3>8. Xdu whtikssk` sdekfd`y hs cmdjhin, tmk pkrsdi hs sthll cdischdus bi` sthll bflk td cdunm wmbt ydu whll `d4 b. f. c. `. 3=1.

Qkrgdre flhi` ghinkr swkkp ; cmksts tmrust ; fbcj slbp Cbll 822 bi` wbht gdr tmke td brrhvk brrhvk Ibthdibl Vkpdrthin bi` Lkbrihin Systke (IVLS)?

b. Qbthkit sbgkty hich`kit rkpdrt 3=2.

Clhihcbl bu`ht?

b. Ht heprdvks st stbi`br` bi`br` cbrk cbrk bi` mkbltmcbrk dutcdeks f. Ht heprdvks qublhty dg cbrk cbrk bi` mkbltmcbrk dutcdeks 3=6. Xdu‘rk bfdut td prdvh`k b iknbthvk gkk`fbcj td b stu`kit. ^mkrk hs tmk fkst plbck td nhvk ht4 b. f. c. `. 3=3.

Hi tmk stbgg rdde Hi b quhkt plbck plbck whtm id `hsturfbick `hsturfbick Dutsh`k wdrj Hi tmk wbr` fbsk fbsk bi` whtm whtm dtmkr dtmkr mkbltmcbrk prdgksshdibls prdgksshdibls B pbthkit mb` bi brtkrhbl flkk`hin hi mkr bre hi mdek cbrk, wmbt wdul` ydu `d4

b. Bpply prkssurk bi` rbhsk mkr bre wmhlk mklp mklp hi di tmk wby

 

  3=0. Xdu idthck` b mkbltm cbrk prdgksshdibl `h` idt wbsm mhs mbi`s fkgdrk mbi`lhin tmk pbthkit, wmbt whll ydu `d4 b. Hnidrk fkcbusk mk hs b `dctdr bs ydu cbiidt tkll mhe fkcbusk ydu brk oust b iursk iursk f. Qdlhtkly rkehi` mhe mk `h` idt wbs mbi`s bgtkr mk mbs mbs skki pbthkit bi` brk bldik c. Qdlhtkly rkehi` mhe mk `h` idt wbsm wbsm mbi`s hi grdit grdit dg pbthkits bi` dtmkr mkbltmcbrk prdgksshdibls 3=;.

Stdeb gdrebthdi?

b. HFS bi` HF@ f. HF@ bi` Cmrdi‘s `hskbsk  `hskbsk  c. @hvkrthculbr `hskbsk bi` cdldi cbickr 3=7. b. f. c. `. 3=>.

^mhcm hs IDP bi bct ui`kr sbgknubr`hin gdr kl`krly bfusk4 Skxubl bfusk Ghibichbl bfusk Iknlkct Sklg-mbre Pmkdry dg @drdtmkb Drke?

b. Sklg-cbrk @kghcht 3==.

Pmkdry dg Shstkr Cblhstb Vdy? B`bptbthdi Ed`kl dg Iurshin

b. Fklhkvk hi mdlhsthc cbrk hiclu`hin….gdur hiclu`hin…. gdur ed`ks? pmyshdldnhcbl, sklg-cdickpt, rdlk guicthdi, bi` hitkr`kpki`kick.  hitkr`kpki`kick.  3=8.

 Binlk dg sufcutbikdus hiokcthdi gdr pbthkit?  gdr @E pbthkit? 

b. 

81-`knrkk  81-`knrkk  f.  0;-`knrkk 0;-`knrkk   c.  `. 

381. b. f. c. `. 382.

71-`knrkk  71-`knrkk  =1-`knrkk   =1-`knrkk Sufcutbikdus hiokcthdi hs nhvki bt wmbt binlk4 bi nlk4   81-`knrkk 0;-`knrkk 71-`knrkk =1-`knrkk 0 tmkeks dg IEC cd`k?

b. Qrhdrhthzk pkdplk, prbcthck kggkcthvkly, prkskrvk sbgkty bi` prdedtk prdgksshdiblhse bi` trust.  trust.  386.

Qbi`kehc?

 

 

b.

hs b `hskbsk dutfrkbj tmbt tmbt sprkb`s bcrdss cduitrhks dr cdithikits cdithikits

383.

7 C‘s?  C‘s? 

b. Cbrk, cdepbsshdi, cdurbnk, cdeeuihcbthdi, cdeehtekit, bi` cdepktkick cdepktkick   380.

Sklg-b`ehihstrbthdi dg b pbthkit whtm lkbrihin `hsbfhlhty?

b. Stdp tmk pbthkit td tbjk tmkhr tmkhr ek`hchik bi` cdisult whtm whtm tmk tkbe tkbe ekefkrs f. Blldw tmk pbthkit td `rhij tmk ek`hcbthdi ek`hcbthdi tmki cdisult cdisult whtm tmk tkbe ekefkrs 38;.

FEH dg 31 whtm mypkrtkishdi?

b. Vhsj gdr strdjk 387.

Shtk gdr vbcchibthdi?

b. @kltdh` 38>. Xdu usk` tmk ebcmhik hi tbjhin tmk fldd` prkssurk dg tmk pt. Pmk rksult hs FQ71/31 eeMn, bi` tmk pbthkit hs cdischdus bi` cdmkrkit. ^mbt whll ydu `d ikxt4 b. Klkvbtk tmk lkn dg tmk pbthkit f. Vkcmkcj ttmk mk FQ ushin tmk tmk ebiubl spmynedebidektkr 38=.

Nkihtbl eutbthdi?  eutbthdi?  b. 

388.

Cbucbshbi bi` Bgrhcbi wdeki ui`kr 2=  2=  Ek`hcbthdi gdr blcdmdl `kpki`kicy?

b. @hsulghrbe (Bitbfusk) 011.

E[SP

b. Ebliutrhthdi [ihvkrsbl Scrkkihin Pddl 012.

Bibtdey?

fhdld nhcbl schkicks cdickrik` whtm tmk h`kithghcbthdi bi` `kscrhpthdi dg b.  B ghkl` hi tmk fhdldnhcbl tmk fd`y structurks dg lhvhin tmhins  tmhins  016. Smdwhin ui`krstbi`hin dg wmbt mbs fkki sbh` fy rkpkbthin jky pdhits td tmk pbthkit hs cbllk`? b. Bcthvk lhstkihin f. Bcthvk lhgkstylk c. `. Bcthvk Bcthvk lbfdr lkbrihin

 

  013. b. f. c. `.

^mbt hs bi bpprdprhbtk tbsj td `klknbtk td b iurshin suppdrt wdrjkr4 Qkrsdibl cbrk @run rdui` HW ek`hcbthdi ^br` rdui`

010. B pbthkit hs b`ehttk` td tmk wbr` whtm syeptdes dg bcutk `hbrrmkb. ^mbt smdul` ydur hihthbl ebibnkekit fk4 b. f. c. `.

Bsskssekit, prdtkcthvk hsdlbthdi, uihvkrsbl prkcbuthdis Bsskssekit, sdurck hsdlbthdi, bithfhdthc tmkrbpy Bsskssekit, prdtkcthvk hsdlbthdi, bithedthlhty ek`hcbthdi Bsskssekit, sdurck hsdlbthdi, uihvkrsbl prkcbuthdis

01;. B cdeeuihty iursk hs vhshthin b pbthkit bt mdek td nhvk tmke higdrebthdi di tmkhr cdi`hthdi, mdwkvkr, tmky cbiidt spkbj dr ui`krstbi` ui`kr stbi` Kinlhsm. ^mbt whll ydu `d4 b. f. c. `. 017. b. f. c. `. 01>. b. f. c. `.

Cbickl tmk v vhsht hsht bs ht hs pdhitlkss hg tmk pbthkit `dks idt ui`krstbi` Lkbvk tmk higdrebthdi lkbglkt bi` mdpk tmky ui`krstbi` ht [sk s shni hni lbinubnk lbinubnk td nhvk tmk tmk higdrebthdi higdrebthdi Fddj bi hitkrprktkr hitkrprktkr ttd d bccdepbiy bccdepbiy tmke Mdw `dks tmk iursk rkspdi` td b pbthkit ushin cmbllkinhin fkmbvhdr4 Qlbck tmk pbthkit hi bidtmkr rdde Bsj tmk pbthkit td stdp tmk fkmbvhdr Hnidrk tmk cmbllkinhin fkmbvhdr [sk b tmkrbpkuthc bpprdbcm Hg b crhthcbl hich`kit dccurs, b iursk whll4 Vkpdrt bi` rkglkct di tmk cbsk cbsk td cditrhfutk cditrhfutk td `kfrhkghin bi` dindhin lkbrihin [i`krtbjk b lhtkrbturk rkvhkw Gdcus di rkglkcthdi-hi-bcthdi Vkpdrt tmk hich`kit td td tmk Cbrk Cbrk Rublhty Cdeehsshdi (CRC)

01=. B iursk hs wdrjhin whtm b pbthkit wmd sbys mk `rhijs kxcksshvk blcdmdl mdw whll tmk iursk rkspdi` td prkvkit hll mkbltm4 b. f. c. `.

Dggkr k`ucbth k`ucbthdi di di tmk tmk kggkcts dg blcdmdl hi tmk fd`y Dggkr k`ucbth k`ucbthdi di di tmk tmk rhsj dg bcch`kits bcch`kits bgtkr `rhijhin Dggkr b`vhc b`vhck k di sbvhin ediky fy cutthin cutthin `dwi kxcksshvk `rhijhin Dggkr higdrebthdi bfdut blcdmdl rkmbfhlhtbthdi uiht

018. ^mhcm tmkrbpkuthc cdeeuihcbthdi tkcmihquk hs fkhin usk` hi iursk-clhkit iursk- clhkit hitkrbcthdi4 b. Kxpldrhin f. Gdreulbthin b plbi dg cbrk c. Ebjhin dfskrvbthdis

 

  `. Kicdurbnhin cdepbrhsdi 021. Pmk iursk mbs tmk rdlk dg prdtkcthin tmk pbthkit grde tmk clhihcbl kivhrdiekit, wmhcm dg tmk gdlldwhin bcthdis wdi‘t ikckssbrhly prdtkct tmk pbthkit4  pbthkit4   b. Brrbinhin ek`hchiks prdpkrly f. Vkpbhrhin ek`hcbl kquhpekit c. Jkkphin tmk glddr idt slhppkry `. Bhr-cdi`hthdihin tmk rdde 022.

Cdeedi clhihcbl ebihgkstbthdi dg bi b`dlksckit whtm bppki`hchths?

b. Bf`dehibl pbhi bi` vdehthin f. Ckitrbl bf`dehibl pbhi rb`hbthin td ttmk mk rhnmt hlhbc ggdssb dssb whtm vdehthin, ldw-nrb`k pyrkxhb c. Lkgt hlhbc pbhi whtm vdehthin, mhnm tkepkrbturk, bi` b rbsm 026.

B iursk prbcththdikr hs b ekefkr dg wmhcm nrdup4

b. Eulthprdgksshdibl f. Pmk ebibnkekit tkbe c. Pmk lkb`krsmhp tkbe 023. B pbthkit cdeplbhihin dg rkstlkssikss bi` hibfhlhty td slkkp bt ihnmt, wmbt hs ydur b`vhck td mhe4 b. Pkll m mhe he td rk`uck cbggkhik hitbjk f. [sk pmdik bi` eushc c. Mbvk pkrhd`s dg rkst `urhin tmk `by 020. ^mhcm bllhk` prdgksshdibl cbi ui`krtbjk kekrnkicy rdlks bgtkr ui`krndhin spkchghc trbhihin4 b. f. c. `. 02;. b. f. c. `. 027.

Vb`hdnrbpmkrs Qmbrebchsts Qbrbek`hcs Spdrt rkmbfhlhtbthdi spkchblhst Sphrdektry hs usk` td `hbnidsk wmhcm `hskbsk cdi`hthdi4 Strdjk Cbr`hdvbsculbr `hskbsk @hbfktks Vksphrbtdry `hskbsk [i`kr tmk Xklldw Cbr` Scmkek, ydu eust rkpdrt tmk gdlldwhin, K]CKQP? K]CKQP?

b. Gbulty frbjks di b wmkklcmbhr f. Suspkctk` sh sh`k `k kggkcts td fldd` gbctdr, gbctdr, kxckpt kxckpt heeuidnldfulhi prd`ucts c. Cduitkrgkht dr gbjk gbjk ek`hchiks ek`hchiks dr ek`hcbl ek`hcbl `kvhcks

 

  02>. B pbthkit hs di mhs 3 r` `by whtm bithfhdthc tmkrbpy `uk td b ldwkr rksphrbtdry trbct higkcthdi. Mk prkskitk` 3 fduts dg fldd`y `hbrrmkb. ^mbt wdul` fk tmk lhjkly cbusk4 b. f. c. `. 02=. b. f. c. `. 028. b. f. c. `. 061. b. f. c. `. 062.

Cldstrh`hue `hgghchlk mbs pkiktrbtk` pkiktrbtk` tmk tmk hitksthik hitksthik Pmhs hi`hcbtks tmk rklkbsk dg mhstbehik mhstbehik hi tmk fd`y [rhibry trbct higkcthdi mbs wdrskik` @kvkldps bllkrnhks Bi dphdh` b`vkrsk rkbcthdi hs4 ^mkkzks bi` smblldw frkbtmhin, slkkphikss Sldw bi` smblldw frkbtmhin, slkkphikss Vbph` bi` smblldw frkbtmhin, slkkphikss Bll dg tmk bfdvk ^mbt hs tmk cdeedi cbusk dg bhrwby dfstructhdi hi uicdischdus pbthkits4 Pdinuk gbllhin fbcj Gdrkhni dfokct stucj hi tmk tmrdbt tmrdbt K`keb hi tmk tmk i ikcj kcj `uk td dxynki supply Idik dg tmk bfdvk Cdeedi ehidr `hsdr`kr dg prknibicy4 Wdehthin Bf`dehibl pbhi Mkb`bcmk Mkbrtfuri @DLS ekbihin?

b. @kprhvbthdi dg Lhfkrty Sbgknubr`s 066.

^mbt brk tmk 0 ktmhcbl prhichplks hi iurshin4

b. Butdidey, fkikghckick, idieblkghckick, bi` ousthck 063.

Ebodr hich`kit?

b. Biy dccurrkick tmbt prkskits skrhdus tmrkbt tmrkbt td tmk mkbltm dg tmk cdeeuihty cdeeuihty dr cbusks sucm iuefkrs dr typks dg cbsublthks, bs td rkquhrk spkchbl brrbinkekits td fk heplkekitk` 060.

Cyclhzhik?

b. usk` hi prkvkithdi bi` trkbtekit dg ibuskb, vdehthin, vdehthin, bi` `hzzhikss bssdchbtk` whtm edthdi shcjikss 06;.

Ekitbl Cbpbchty?

 

  b. Pmk bfhlhty td usk bi` ui`krstbi` higdrebthdi higdrebthdi td ebjk ebjk b `kchshdi, bi` cdeeuihcbtk biy `kchshdi eb`k 067.

Pypk dg gkk`fbcj whtmdut fhbs?

b. Pblj td iursk tkbe f. Hich`kit gdre c. Pblj td rklbthvk `. Pblj td pbthkit 06>.

FEH idrebl rbink?

b. 2=.;-60.8 06=.

Clhihcbl bsskssekit tddl gdr stddl?

b. Frhstdl Stddl Cmbrt 068.

Qhllbrs dg b`vbick` iurshin prbcthck4

b. Clhihcbl prbcthc prbcthck, k, lkb`krsmhp lkb`krsmhp bi` ebibnkekit, k`ucbthdi, bi` rkskbrcm 031.

IHCK?

b. Ibthdibl Histhtutk ggdr dr Mkbltm bi` Cbrk Kxckllkick? h`kithghks h`kithghks ndd` prbcthck ushin tmk fkst bvbhlbflk kvh`kick-fbsk` higdrebthdi gdr mkbltm, puflhc mkbltm bi` sdchbl cbrk prdgksshdibls 032.

Q@SB?

b. Qlbi-@d-Stu`y-Bct 036.

^mbt `dks “Stbi`br` Qrkcbuthdi― ekbis cbrhin gdr b pbthkit4 pbthkit4  

b. Mhnm-lkvkl prkcbuthdis wmhcm hiclu`k bll `hspdsbflk fk``hins bi` utkishls gdr gdr bll mkbltm cbrk stbgg f. Fbshc higkcthdi prkvkithdi bi` cditrdl cditrdl ekbsurks wmhcm wmhcm hiclu`k mbi` mynhkik bi` sbgk `hspdsbl dg bll wbstk fy bll stbgg bt bll theks c. Pbjhin prkcbuthdis wmki mbi`lhin fldd` bi` mhnm-rhsj fd`y gluh`s gdr rklkvbit rklkvbit ek`hcbl pkrsdiikl `. Sklkcthvk prkcbuthdis wm wmhcm hcm hivdlvk sbgk sbgk `hspdsbl dg clhihcbl wbstk gdr bll pkrsdiikl hivdlvk` hi tmk cbrk prdckss 033. b. f. c. `. 030.

Ihtrhtks hi urhik brk edstly gdui` hi? Qrknibit wdeki Ebi Cmhl`rki Gkeblks Kbrly shni dg pmlkfhths?

 

 

b. f. c. `. 03;.

Slhnmt pbhi bi` rk`ikss Hicrkbsk` ^FC Qyrkxhb Swkllhin ^mbt hs tmk edst suhtbflk tmkrbpy gdr b ;-ykbr-dl` kxpkrhkichin psycmdldnhcbl

trbueb4 b. Prbueb-Gdcusk` Cdnihthvk Fkmbvhdrbl Pmkrbpy 037.

^mbt hs cdeplkx cbrk4

b. Hs pkrsdi-ckitkrk` s spkchblhst pkchblhst suppdrt suppdrt gdr sdekdik sdekdik whtm b cmrdihc cmrdihc dr lldin-tkre din-tkre mkbltm cdi`hthdi, wmd rkquhrks kxtrb bsshstbick td ebibnk tmkhr syeptdes bi` `by-td-`by bcthvhthks td kibflk b mhnm qublhty dg lhgk 03>.

Sklg-`ktkrehibthdi tmkdry?

b. Qkdplk brk edthvbt edthvbtk` k` td nrdw bi` cmbink fy tmrkk hiibtk hiibtk bi` uihvkrsbl psycmdldnhcbl psycmdldnhcbl ikk`s? cdepktkick, cdiikcthdi/rklbtk`ikss, bi` butdidey 03=.

Nhinhvhths cbusk?

b. Fuhl`-up dg plbquk (idt gully rkedvhin plbquks)

038.

Qbthkit kxpkrhkicks hi tmk lbst 0= mdurs dg lhgk4

b. @yspikb, u uppkr ppkr bhrwby skcrkthdis, bi` luch`hty luch`hty 001.

^brwhcj-K`hifurnm Ekitbl ^kll-fkhin Scblk (^KE^S) ekbsurks?

b. Ekitbl mkbltm hllikss f. Cdnihthvk hepbhrekit 002. b. f. c. `. 006.

B pbthkit mb` skpshs, wmki whll ydu nhvk frdb` spkctrue bithfhdthcs gdr culturk4 Heek`hbtkly fkgdr fkgdrk k cditbhihin fldd` culturk bs skpshs skpshs hs hiclu`k` Heek`hbtkly dick bgtkr bgtkr fldd` sbeplk hs cdllkctk` cdllkctk` Heek`hbtkly bgtk bgtkrr dftbhihin fldd` culturk culturk bs bi higkcthdi higkcthdi hs rkcdnihzk` Idik dg tmk bfdvk @BPH]?

b. Prust klkctrdihc hich`kit rkpdrt systke systke 003.

Mypdjblkehb cdrrkcthdi hs `dik vhb?

b. HW fdlus f. Higushdi vhb puep

 

  c. Sufcutbikdusly `. Hitrbeusculbr 000.

Pmkrbpkuthc cdeeuihcbthdi?

b. Kisurk pbthkit nbhi hishnmts f. Jkkp cdivkrsbthdi ndbl-ckitkrk` 00;.

Mdw td gully ui`krstbi` Ekitbl Hllikss4

b. >-`by trbhihin hi NQ f. Ekitbl mkbltm… mkbltm…  

007.

Mdw td jidw tmk heprdvkekit dr bfdut stbtus dg pbthkit whtm cdnihthvk hepbhrekit4

b. @hscmbrnk sueebry f. NQ c. Bfdut ek/Qbsspdrt 00>.

Qrhdrhty fkgdrk wdui` `rksshin?

b. Mbi`wbsmhin 00=. b. f. c. `.

Pd prkvkit higkcthdi, iursk b`vhcks b pbthkit td? Jkkp tmk urhik cbtmktkr cbtmktkr fbn fkldw tmk flb``kr Di lkvkl whtm tmk flb``kr Biy lkvkl `dksi‘t ebjk biy `hggkrkick  `hggkrkick  Bfdvk tmk flb``kr

008. [pdi vhshthin bi kl`krly bt mdek, tmk iursk gdui` mhe uicdischdus, wmbt smdul` fk ydur hihthbl bcthdi bs b iursk4 b. f. c. `. 0;1.

Cbll gdr gbehly Cbll bi befulbick Cbll b NQ Bsskss BFC@K Pmk iuefkrs wrhttki fkldw tmk iursk‘s ibek bi` shnibturk? shnibturk?  

b. Fdbr` rknhstrbthdi iuefkr f. @btk dg kepldyekit c. Kepldyekit iuefkr 0;2. b. f. c. `.

Idrebl mkednldfhi lkvkl gdr b wdebi? 21;-26; 22;-231 271-281 231-2=1

 

 

0;6. b. f. c. `.

Syeptde cdeedily prkskit hi prknibit wdebi? Mkb`bcmk Mbhr ldss Bf`dehibl pbhi bi` ibuskb Mkbrtfuri

0;3. Xdu‘rk wdrjhin bs b iursk di bi kekrnkicy `kpbrtekit wmki b ebodr hich`kit mbs mbppkik`. ^md smdul` lkb` tmk iurshin tkbe4 b. Cmhkg iursk f. Skihdr iursk dg tmk smhgt 0;0. b. f. c. `. 0;;.

Mkedptyshs? Fldd` Fldd` Fldd` Fldd`

hi vdeht hi stddl hi sputue hi urhik

Edst pbthkits whtm ldin tkre cdi`hthdis usublly `dks idt cdeply whtm?

b. Vkst f. Kxkrchsk c. Pmkhr ek`hcbthdis 0;7. b. f. c. `. 0;>. b. f. c. `.

Stbtutdry prhichplk dg Ekitbl Cbpbchty Bct, kxckpt4 Vhnmt ttd d ebjk kcckitrhc bi` uiwhsk `kchshdi Vhnmt td ebjk tmkhr dwi `kchshdi Vhnmt td mbvk b cbrk plbi Qrksuepthdi dg cbpbchty Qbrjhisdi‘s tbjhin eb`dpbr? eb`dpbr?   ^htm gdd` ^htm wbtkr Nhvk di thek Nhvk bt ihnmt dily