CBR - Kelompok 8 - Kimia Umum

 

@[DQD@NI KEEL [FZE[Q  Adsusuc Vctul Hfhfcugd Qumns Hntn Luidng Ldhdn Vhuh

Begncfs Nprdnad Znridcmmehnc Pdrndt (1;:>;6:::;) Bess Pncarn (1;:0;6::;6) H. Nrdo Drwncte (1;:066::;?) Cnkdin Nuidn (1;:066:::4)

Aesfc Zfcmnhpu 2 Fiordan Mdctdcm, Zg.A.

Zremrnh Ptuad Dihu Lehputfr Onluitns Hntfhntdln anc Dihu Zfcmftngunc Ninh Vcdvfrsdtns Cfmfrd Hfanc ;:;>

 

LNQN ZFCMNCQN[ 

Zubd Pyulur lfpnan Qugnc THF, ntns kfrlntcyn yncm hfidhpng yncm adidhpnlnc lfpnan lfp nan pfcuid pfcuids, s, sfgdcm sfgdcmmn mn pfcuid pfcuidss anpnt anpnt hfcyfi hfcyfifsnd fsndlnc lnc @rdtd @rdtd`ni `ni Keel [fpert  [fpert . Vctu Vctul l dtu dtu  pfcuids hfcmu`nplnc tfrdhn lnsdg lfpnan 2 >. Dku Fiordan Fiordan Mdctdc Mdctdcm, m, Zg.A. Zg.A. sfknmnd sfknmnd aesfc aesfc pfcmnh pfcmnhpu pu Ldhdn Ldhdn Vhuh. Vhuh. ;. Lfiunrmn Lfiunrmn tfrutnhn tfrutnhn Nyng anc anc Dku yncm yncm sfiniu hfhkfrd hfhkfrdlnc lnc aulucmnc aulucmnc anc anc hetdvnsd hetdvnsd aninh pfcuidsnc anc pfcyusucnc @rdtd`ni Keel [fpert . 0. Qfhnc - tfhnc yncm yncm sfiniu sfiniu hfhknctu hfhknctu aninh aninh hfhkfrdl hfhkfrdlnc nc hetdvnsd hetdvnsd aninh hfcuids hfcuids @rdtd`ni Keel [fpert  dcd.  dcd.

Zfcuid Zfc uidss hfcyna hfcynanrd nrd kngwn ad aninh aninh @rdtd`ni Keel [fpert   dcd hnsdg bnug anrd lntn sfhpurcn, kndl anrd sfmd susucnc lnidhnt, tntn kngnsn, hnupuc anrd sfmd indccyn. Vctul dtu  pfcuids hfcfrdhn lrdtdl anc snrnc nmnr anpnt hfcyfhpurcnlnc @rdtd`ni Keel [fpert  dcd.  dcd. Ntns pfrgntdnccyn pfcuids u`nplnc tfrdhn lnsdg.

> Hnrft ;:;>   Zfcuids

 

;

Lfiehpel 7

 

ANOQN[ DPD

Lntn Zfcmnctnr Anotnr Dsd

dd

ddd

KNK D ZFCANGVIVNC

>

N. Intnr Kfinlncm

>

K. [uhusnc Hnsning

>

@. Qubunc Zfhkuntnc

>

KNK DD ZFHKNGNPNC

N. Zfhkngnsnc

>

KNK DDD LFPDHZVINC

N. Lfsdhpuinc

>

>

>

INHZ NHZD[NC D[NC > ANOQN[ ZVPQNLN

>

0

 

KNK > ZFCANGVIVNC N. Intn Intnrr Kfin Kfinln lncm cm Pftdnp gnrd hncusdn tfridknt pnan suntu lecadsd idcmlucmnc lfrbn yncm kfrkfan-kfan adhncn pfrkfannc lecadsd tfrsfkut sncmnt hfhpfcmnrugd tfrgnanp lfhnhpunc hncusdn. Hncusdnn nlnc hnhpu hfinlsncnlnc Hncusd hfinlsncnlnc lfmdntnccyn lfmdntnccyn afcmnc kndl anc hfc`npnd gnsdi yncm eptdhn ept dhnii npnkdi npnkdinn idcmlu idcmlucm cmnc nc lfrbnc lfrbncyn yn hfcaul hfcaulucm ucm.. Puntu Puntu lecads lecadsdd idcmlu idcmlucmn cmnc c lfrbn lfrbn adlntn adl ntnlnc lnc sfknmn sfknmndd idcmlu idcmlucmn cmnc c lfrbn lfrbn yncm yncm kndl kndl npnkdi npnkdinn hncusd hncusdnn kdsn kdsn hfinls hfinlsncn ncnlnc lnc lfmdntnccyn afcmnc eptdhni afcmnc sfgnt, nhnc anc sfinhnt. Lftdanlkfrfsnc idcmlucmnc lf lfrb rbnn an anpn pntt tfri tfridg dgnt nt nl nldk dknt ntcy cynn an aninh inh wnlt wnltu u yn yncm cm in inhn hn.. Ifkd Ifkdg g bn bnug ug in inmd md lf lfna nannc nnc idcmlucmnc yncm lurncm kndl anpnt hfcuctut tfcnmn anc wnltu yncm ifkdg kncynl yncm tfct tfctuc ucyn yn tdan tdanl l hfca hfcaul uluc ucm m adpf adpfre reifg ifgcy cynn rnc`nc rnc`ncmn mnc c sdstfh sdstfh lf lfrb rbnn yn yncm cm fodsd fodsdfc fc an anc c  preaultdo. Ei Eifg fg ln lnrf rfcn cn dtu dtu pf pfrnc rnc`nc `ncmn mnc c idcm idcmlu lucm cmnc nc lf lfrb rbnn yn yncm cm kn kndl dl an anc c ep eptd tdhn hnii sncmn sncmntt adpfriulnc.Mftnrnc ntnu vdkrnsd naning pfrmfrnlnc keinl-knidl suntu hnssn/kfrnt hfiniud lfnann lfn annc c sfdhknc sfdhkncm m tfrgnan tfrgnanp p suntu suntu tdtdl tdtdl tfrtfc tfrtfctu. tu. Anhpnl Anhpnl mftnrnc mftnrnc tfrgna tfrgnanp np hncusd hncusdnn tfrutnh tfru tnhnn tfrbna tfrbnadd pnan pnan knmdnc knmdnc ermncermnc-erm ermnc nc tfrtfct tfrtfctu u sfpfrtd sfpfrtd22 anan, anan, lfpnin, lfpnin, rngncm rngncm anc  pfrsfcadnc indccyn. Mftnrnc adaumn anpnt hfcyfknklnc pfrukngnc ntnu pfcdcmlntnc tflncnc anrng yncm pnan tdcmlnt tfrtfctu anpnt hfcmnldkntlnc gdpfrtfcsd. Mftnrnc anpnt  bumn

hfcdhkuilnc

fofl

vnsluifr

anc

fofl

cfureiemd`.

Mftnrnc

yncm

tdcmmd

hfhucm hfh ucmldc ldclnc lnc hfcmnl hfcmnldkn dkntln tlnc c strfss strfss pnan pnan pflfrb pflfrbn, n, anc pfcdcm pfcdcmlnt lntnc nc tflncn tflncnc c anrng anrng naning sning sntucy K. [uhu [uhusnc snc Hnsni Hnsning ng >. Kulu hncn yncm ifkdg kndl aninh pfhkfrdnc pfhkfrdnc hntfrd5 hntfrd5 ;. Npn lfifkd lfifkdgnc gnc hnsdcm hnsdcm hnsdcm hnsdcm kulu5 kulu5 0. Npn lflu lflurnc rncmnc mnc hnsdc hnsdcm m hnsdcm hnsdcm kulu5 kulu5 @. Qubu Qubunc nc Zfhk Zfhkun untn tnc c >. Hfintdg lfhnhpunc lfhnhpunc aninh aninh hfhknc hfhkncadcm adcmlnc lnc sntu sntu ntnu ifkdg kulu. kulu. ;. Hfhpfr Hfhpfrani aninh nh dihu dihu tfctn tfctncm cm Kdeh Kdeheif eiflui lui..

1

 

6

 

KNK DD ZFHKNGNPNC N. Dafc Dafctd tdtns tns Kulu Kulu >. Kulu Vt Vtnhn Bua Buaui Kulu

2 Ldhdn Ansn snrr ;

Zfcuids

2 Tnync Pucnryn

Zfcfrkdt

2 Trnhn ]dayn

Qngu Qn guc c Qfrk Qfrkdt dt 2 ;:>0 ;:>0 Qetni Gninhnc2 64? Gninhnc ;. Kulu Kulu Zf Zfhk hknc ncad adcm cm

Bua Buaui Kulu

2 Ldhdn ansnr ;

Zfcu Zfcuid idss

2 @ry @ryss Onb Onbnr nr Znr nrtn tncn cn,, Gfr Gfru u prn prnte teh he Ni, Ni, Lnr nrdh dh Qgfr frfs fsdg dg,, Pu Pugn gnrt rte e

Zfcfrkdt

2 Bd`n

Qngu Qn guc c Qfrk Qfrkdt dt 2 ;::0 ;::0 Qetni Gninhnc2 >46 Gninhnc K. [dcm [dcmln lnsnc snc Dsd Dsd Kulu Kulu >. Kulu Vt Vtnhn D.

Zfcanguiunc Kdeldhdn hfrupnlnc gdfrnrld tfrtdcmmd aninh lnbdnc dihu ldhdn sftfing ldhdn ncermncdl anc ldhdn ermncdl. Pfhun lecsfp anc prdcsdp-prdcsdp ldhdn hfidputd ldcftdln,tfrheadcnhdln, anc strultur hfcyntu aninh lnbdnc nspflnspfl kdeldhdn. Kdeheifluifr admeiecmlnc lfaninh fhpnt lfiehpel yndtu lnrkegdarnt, pretfdc, ifhnl/idpda, anc nsnh culifnt. Pfindc kdeheifluifr, bumn tfranpnt 0: ucsur fsfcsdni aninh hngiul gdaup.

DD.

Pdstfh Pfi

?

 

Kdeldh Kde ldhdn dn kfrdsd kfrdsd lnbdnc lnbdnc tfctnc tfctncm m rfnlsd rfnlsd ldhdn ldhdn ntnu nctnrd nctnrdlsn lsn heiflu heifluii anin aninh h sd sdst stfh fh gdau gdaup, p, yndt yndtu u sunt suntu u `n `nkn kncm cm dihu dihu yn yncm cm sn sncm cmnt nt iu iuns ns an anc c hfcnrdl,hfc`nlup tfctncm knmndhncn hngiul hfhpfrtngnclnc gdaupcyn 

Pfi 2 sntunc strulturni kdeiemd

Ldhdn lfgdaupnc adntur eifg oucmsd sfi, yndtu sntunc tfrlf`di aninh hngiul  gdaup yncm hfhdidld sdont ‐ sdont yncm kfrgukucmnc afcmnc presfs gdaup, sdont ‐ sdont yncm kfrgukucmnc afcmnc presfs gdaup, sfpfrtd rfpreaulsd, hftnkeidshf, hutnsd anc rfspec tfrgnanp rncmsncmnc iunr. 

Fcfrmd anc sdstfh kdeiemd Nsupnc fcfrmd yncm kfrsdcnhkucmnc adpfriulnc uctul hfhpfrtngnclnc gdaup. ∏ M 8∏ G ∛Q ∏ P

n. Lnrkegdarnt Lnrkegdarnt adknmd hfcbnad 0, yndtu 2 

Hecesnlnrdan Hfrupnlnc Hfrup nlnc snlnrdan snlnrdan sfafrgncn sfafrgncn yncm tdanl anpnt adgdareidsds adgdareidsds hfcb hf cbna nadd sn sntu tunc nc tfrl tfrlf` f`di di wnin wninup upuc uc an anin inh h sunsn sunsncn cn yn yncm cm iu iucn cnl  l  sflnidpuc. sflnidp uc. Hecesnlnrd Hecesnlnrdan an pnidcm pnidcm sfafrgncn sfafrgncn naning midsfrniafgd midsfrniafgda, a, ynlcd suntu niaesn anc dsehfrdcyn naning adgdarelsdnsftec,yndtu suntu lftesn. Heiflui midsfrniafgda hfhdidld sntu nteh lnrkec tnl  sdhftrds, sfgdcmmn kfrsdont eptds nltdo. Kfkfrnpn hecesnlnrdan yncm  pfctdcm adtubullnc kfrfansnrlnc buhing nteh lnrkeccyn lnrkeccyn 2 n) Qrdesn Qrdesn anc anc frdt frdtres resnn 2 Punt Puntu u tftre tftresn sn  k) [dkesn, nrnkdcesn, xdiesn anc idlsesn 2 Puntu pfcte pfctesn sn `) Miulesn Miulesn , hncesn, hncesn, mninltes mninltesn,anc n,anc orultesn orultesn 2 Puntu Puntu gflsesn gflsesn Hecesn Hec esnlnr lnrdan dan anpnt anpnt hfi hfincm ncmsuc sucmln mlnc c rfnlsd rfnlsd nctnr nctnr heifl heiflui ui sf`nrn sf` nrn rfvfrs rfvfrsdk dkfi fi hfhk hfhkfc fctu tul l sfcyn sfcynwn wn idcm idcmln lnr. r. Punt Puntu u niaes niaesn, n, sfpfrtd miulesn hfhkfctul `dc`dc ourncesn idcmlnr idhn. [fnlsd hecesnlnrdan 2 =

 

n) Psf sfc cynwn ynwn de deae ae  k) Elsdansd 

Eidmesnlnrdan anc peidsnlnrdan Zeid Ze idsn snln lnrd rdan an

tfra tfradr drdd

anrd anrd

rn rnct ctnd nd

hece hecesn snln lnrd rdan an

yn yncm cm

an anpn pntt

admeiecmlnc sf`nrn oucmsdecni lfaninh aun lfiehpel kfsnr , yndtu strulturni peidsnlnrdan peidsnlnrdan anc cutrdfc peidsnlnrdan. n) Pfiuiesn Pfiuiesn hfrupnlnc peidsnlnrdan yncm kncynl adbuhpnd aninh adcadcm sfi tuhkugnc anc hfrupnlnc peidhfr yncm tdanl   kfr`nkncm. Pfiuiesn tfrkfctul anrd hecehfr λ-A- miulesn yncm hfhkfctul rnctnd peidhfr dlntnc λ (>-1) midlesdadl.  k) Midlemfc Midle idlemf mfc c hfru hfrup pnl nlnc nc gehep ehepei eids dsnl nlnr nrda dann cu cutr trdf dfc c ync ncm m  kfr`nkncm, tfradrd anrd sntunc miulesn yncm kfrdlntnc >-1 anc >? . miidle miidlemfc mfc uhuhcy uhuhcynn adtfhu adtfhulnc lnc aninh aninh gnhpdr gnhpdr sfhun sfhun sfi gfwnc,bumn pretezen anc knltfrd. `) Zntd ntd (Nh (Nhdi diuh uh)) Zntdd naning Znt naning cutrdf cutrdfc c peidsn peidsnlnr lnrdan dan yncm yncm adtfhu adtfhulnc lnc aninh aninh sfi tuhkugnc anc kfkfrnpn hdlreermncdshf. 

Dafctdodlnsd lnrkegdarnt Pdont-sdont ldhdn lnrkegdarnt kfrlndtnc afcmnc mumus oucmsdecni yncm tfranpnt aninh heiflui, yndtu mumus gdarelsd ,mumsu niafgda anc lftec. Kfkfrnpn sdont ldhdn lnrkegdarnt anpnt admucnlnc uctul  hfcmdafctdodlnsd anc hfhkfanlnc sfcynwn lnrkegdarnt yncm sntu afcmnc afc mnc yncm yncm ind indccy ccyn. n. Hecesn Hecesnlnr lnrdan dan anc kfkfrn kfkfrnpn pn adsnln adsnlnrda rdann hfhpucynd sdont anpnt hfrfaulsd tfrutnhn aninh sunsncn knsn 2 n) Zf Zfrf rfnl nlsd sd of ofgi gidc dcm m  k) Zfrfnlsd kfcfad`t `) Zf Zfrf rfnl nlsd sd knro knroef efa a a) Zf Zfrf rfnl nlsd sd heid heidsg sg 7

 

DDD.

Zretfdc an anc Fc Fczdh 

Zretfdc Zretfdc Zretf dc naning peidhfr kdeiemd kdeiemd yncm tfrsusuc anrd heiflui-he heiflui-heiflui iflui lf`di lf` di yncm yncm adcnhn adcnhnlnc lnc nsnh nhdce. nhdce. Zretfd Zretfdc c hfrupn hfrupnlnc lnc heiflu heifluii yncm yncm sncmnt pfctdcm aninh sfi anc ermncdshf,sfrtn kfrpfrnc sfknmnd pfcmntur  strulturni anc oucmsdecni.



Nsnh nhdce Nsnh Ns nh nhdc nhdce e nani naning ng heif heiflu luii yn yncm cm hfcm hfcmnc ncau aucm cm mu mumu muss nhdc nhdce e tfrprectecnsd anc mumus lnrkelsdi tfrdecdsnsd.pfhkncmuc pretfdc naning nsnh nion nhdce (nsnh ξ-nhdce). Kfkfrnpn sdont nsnh nhdcehfhpucynd nteh lnrkec tdanl sdhftrds. Nsnh nhdce tdanl sdhftrds hfhpucynd aun  kfctul dsehfr afcmnc sdont odsds anc sdont ldhdn sfrupn. n. [fnlsd [fnlsd cdcg cdcgdar dardc dc sfkmnd sfkmnd elsd elsdant anter er ifhng ifhng..  k. [fnlsd ancsdilierdan, mumus nhdce pnan nsnh nhdce anpnt bumn  kfrfnlsd afcmnc ancsdileierdan. `. Ptrultur

anc

kfctul

pretfdc<

Ptrultur

prdhfr,Ptrultur 

sflucafr,Ptrultur tfrsdfr,Ptrultur lunrtfcfr. a. Bfcds Bfcds an anc c ou oucm cmsd sd pr pret etfd fdc, c, pret pretfd fdc c hfru hfrupn pnln lnc c heif heiflu luii yn yncm cm sfrup sfrupnn afcmnc pfptdan f. Kfk fkfr frnp npnn

pfr frfn fnls lsdd

gepl gepldc dcs` s`ei eif, f,

lgns gns

pfrf pfrfnl nlsd sd

pre retf tfdc dc,,

hdii hdiiec ec,,

rf rfnl nlsd sd xn xnct cte epre retf tfdc dc,,

pf pfrf rfnl nlsd sd

cd cdtr trep epru rusd sdan an,,

pfr frfn fnls lsdd pf pfrf rfnl nlsd sd

snlnmu`gd. 

Fczdh Hfrupnlnc kdelntnids yncm sncmnt fofsdfc anc hfhpucynd kfkfrnpn lfucmmuinc adkncadcmlnc lntnids ncermncdl.

D_.

Idpda Anc Hfhkrnc Idpda naning znt kdeheiflui yncm inrut aninh pfinrut ermncdl cecpeinr  sfpfrtd liereoerh, liereoerh,lnrke lnrkec c tftrnlierdan tftrnlierdan,ftfr ,ftfr anc kfczfcn. kfczfcn. Idpda admeiecm admeiecmlnc lnc hfcurut lnrnltfrdstdl lfinrutnccyn. Idpda adafofcdsdlnc tdanl inrut aninh ndr, yncm anpnt adflstrnt anrd sfi hfiniud pfinrut ermncdl sfpfrtd ftfr anc kfczfcn. Ifhnl kfroucmsd sfknmnd suckfr fcfrmd anc hfrupnlnc fstfr anrd midsfrei anc 4

 

nsnh ifhnl. ifhnl. Fcfrmd Fcfrmd adpfre adpfreifg ifg hfiniu hfiniudd rfnlsd rfnlsd λ-elsd λ-elsdansd ansd nsnh ifhnl ifhnl yncm yncm adkfknslnc adkfk nslnc sftfing ifhnl adgdareidsd adgdareidsds. s. Gnhpdr Gnhpdr sfhun ifhnl hfrupnlnc hfrupnlnc fstfr  yncm tfrsusuc ntns peid gdarelsd nilegei (midsfrei) anc nsnhn lnrkelsdint rnctnd  pncbncm adsfkut nsnh ifhnl 

;.> [DCMLNPNC KVLV ZFHKNCADCM N. Zfcanguiunc

Kdeldhdn hfrupnlnc dihu yncm hfhpfinbnrd presfs ldhdnwd yncm tfrbnad aninh tukug hngul gdaup. K. Lnrkegdarnt

Lnrkegdarnt kfrnsni anrd lntn lnrkec anc gdarnt sfgdcmmn kdsn adsfkut sfknmnd gdarnt a nrd lnrkec. Tncm adruhuslnc sfknmnd 2 `c(g;:)h,  pnan uhuhcyn gnrmn c an anc h naning snhn . lnrkegdarnt adsfkut bumn meiecmnc muin. Hdsnicyn @0G?E0 (Qrdesn ) @1G7E1 (Qftresn) Vctul miulesn yncm hfhdidld ruhus heiflui 2

Lnrkegdarnt admeiecmlnc hfcbnad 0 meiecmnc yndtu

>:

 

hecesnlnrdan,adsnlnrdan anc  peidsnlnrdan.

-Hecesnlnrdan

Hecesnlnrdan naning heiflui lnrkegdarnt yncm tdanl anpnt ad gdareidsds hfcbnad lnrkegdarnt (muin) sfafrgncn.

-Adsnlnrdan

Adsnlnrdan naning heiflui lnrkegdarnt yncm bdln adgdareidsds anpnt hfcmgnsdinlnc aun heiflui lnrkegdarnt sfafrgncn. -Zeidsnlnrdan

Zeidsnlnrdan naning heiflui lnrkegdarnt yncm bdln adgdareidsds anpnt hfcmgnsdilnc fhpnt ntnu ifkdg heiflui muin sfafrgncn  

[fnlsd tfrgnanp lnrkegdarnt

•

[fnlsd tfrgnanp nsnh suiont pflnt Lnrfcn lnrkegdarnt adncmmnp sfknmnd gdarnt anrd lnrkec hnln bdln adtnhkng nsnh suiont heiflui ndr nlnc adnhkdi anc tdcmmni lnrkec  kfrwnrcn gdtnh

>>

 

•

[fnlsd tfrgnanp ofgidcm [fnmfc ofgidcm tfradrd ntns rfnmfc ofgidcm N 2 yndtu mnrnh tfhknmn (DD) suiont anc knsn CnEG

•

[fnlsd tfrgnanp ofcdi gdarnzdcn Lnrkegdarnt yncm hfhdidld mumus oucmsd lftec sfpfrtd orultesn anc mumus niafgdan sfpfrtd miulesn nlnc pesdtdo  tfrgnanp rfnmfc ofcdi gdarnzdcn

Idpdan   Idpdan hfrupnlnc sfcynwn ldhdn yncm pfctdcm knmd hngiul gdaup,yncm tfrhnsul aninh idpdan naning hdcynl anc ifhnl,ididc,prestniminadn,tfrpfcn anc stfreda.

Ptrultur anc sdont hdcynl anc ifhnl 

Hdcynl anc ifhnl hfrupnlnc sfcynwn trdmidsfrdan fstfr yndtu fstfr anrd midsfrdc afcmnc nsnh ifhnl sulu tdcmmd.

Dafctdodlnsd tfrgnanp hdcynl anc ifhnl 

>. rfnlsd gdaremfcnsd

  Hfcmmucnlnc rfnmfc mns gdaremfc hfcmmucnlnc lntnids sfrkul cd cdlfi lfi tfrutnhn tfrbnad   pnan nsnhifhnl tnl bfcug nlnc kfrukng hfcbnad nsnh ifhnl bfcug yncm  kfrkfctul    pnant

;.

[fnlsd deadcnsd

 

Pfknmnd ansnr rfnlsd dafctdodlnsd tfrgnanp nsnh ifhnl tnl

 bfcug,yndtu uctul 0.

hfcmftngud nancyn dlntnc rncmlnp

[fnlsd gdareidsds >;

 

 

Ifhnl anpnt adgdareidsds hfcmmucnlnc fczdh idpnsf, inrutnc nsnh

hnupuc inrutnc  knsn nilnid hfcmgnsdilnc midsfrei anc nsnh ifhnl  1.

[fnlsd elsdansd

 

Hdcynl anc ifhnl huang tfrelsdansd eifg sdcnr hntngnrd , hfhkfctul 

sfcynwn niafgdan, lftec ntnu nsnh ifhnl kfkns.

Kdincmnc Znan hdcynl anc ifhnl 

>.kdincmnc pfrelsdan

 Adtfctulnc kfransnrlnc buhing deadc yncm adkfknslnc sftfing hdcynl ntnu ifhnl   kfrfnlsd afcmnc LD . rfnlsd dcd inrut aninh pfrfnlsd nsnh nsftnt anc liereoerh (;2>). ;.kdincmnc rfd`gfrt hfdsfi (K[H)  Naning buhing knsn yncm adpfriulnc uctul sftdnp idhn mrnh hdcynl ntnu ifhnl mucn hfcftrnilnc nsnh-nsnh ifhnl yncm huang hfcmunp 0.kdincmnc pfcynkucnc

Naning buhing hmrnh LEG uctul hfcynkuclnc > mr ifhnl 1.kdicmnc deaduh Naning buhing mr deaduh yncm adsfrnp eifg >:: mr ifhnl.

Zretfdc

Zretfdc naning suntu peidhfr yncm adsusuc eifg hecehfr nsnh-nsnh nhdce hfiniud dlntnc pfptdan.nsnh nhdce anpnt adpncancm sfknmnd turucnc nsnh lnrkelsdint adhncn sntu nteh gdaremfc pnan nteh lnrkec nipgn admnctd mumus nhdce (CG;).

Dlntnc pfptdan

Nsnh nhdce pnanuhuhcyn anpnt adsdctfsds eifg ermncdshf anrd >0

 

 pfrsfadnnc kngnc ermncdl. Nsnh-nsnh nhdce hfrupnlnc ucdt ntnu hecehfr anrd pretfdc, bdln mumus lnrkdlsdi (-@EEG ) anrd suntu heiflui nsnh nhdce kfrdlntnc afcmnc mumus nhdce anrd nsnh nhdce yncm indc nlnc adgnsdilnc pretfdc

@. Lfifkd Lfifkdgnc gnc anc anc lflur lflurncm ncmnc nc kulu kulu >. Lfifkdgnc Kulu utnhn adsfrtnd afcmnc tferd yncm ifcmlnp, sfgdcmmn hntfrd anrd kulu anpn anpntt adlf adlftn tngu gudd pfhk pfhkn` n`nn afcm afcmnc nc kndl kndl.. Kulu Kulu pf pfhk hknc ncad adcm cm,, ad adsf sfrt rtnd nd afcm afcmnc nc  pfhkngnsnc ym iuns, adifcmlnpd `ecteg seni seni anc ruhus ‐ ruhus ldhdn. ;. Lflurnc rncmnc Znan kulu utnhn hfhdidld lflurncmnc adhncn `ecteg seni yncm adkfrdlnc hnsdg lurncm kncynl anc tfriniu hecetec.

>1

 

KNK DDD ZFCVQVZ

N. Lfsd Lfsdhp hpui uinc nc Pfhun kulu kndl uctul admucnlnc, anrd dsd kulu yncm tfing adkn`n, kulu yncm ifkdg ifcmlnp ifcml np naning kulu utnhn. Kulu dcd adifcmlnpd adifcmlnpd pfhkngnsnc pfhkngnsnc yncm iuns, cnhuc lurncm  pnan `ecteg seni. K. Pnrnc Pfknmnd Pfknm nd tnhkngnc tnhkngnc nmnr kulu dcd ifkdg kndl inmd, sfkndlcyn sfkndlcyn knmdnc `evfr adkunt ifkdg hfcnrdl hfcnrd l nmnr pfhkn`n ifkdg tfrtnrd tfrtnrdl l aninh hfhkn`ncyn. hfhkn`ncyn. Lfhuadnc Lfhuadnc adtnhkng `ecteg ‐  `ecteg seni nmnr pnrn pfhkn`n hfcmfrtd aninh hfcmfrbnlnc seni ‐ seni yncm nan.

>6

 

ANOQN[ ZVPQNLN

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