Causa y Efecto y Mapeo de Procesos

 

Dlstdtuta Wfjlaoúidja gf Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin ‟=8=8, Nþa gf Ofaln Rdjnrda, Mflfcärdtn Cngrf gf on Xntrdn– Gajfltf0 Brnljdn Nroffl Znojf Cîrqufz

Cntfrdn0 OFNL ZDU ZDICN

JNVZN T FBFJWA T CNXFA GF X]AJFZAZ Nouclas0 Nrfod Iungnoupf Inrjãn Fspnrzn Xnuoa Nlgrä @ndcf @asf Cnlufo Efrrfrn Rnogfz Fginr Tacnr Niudonr

Gajfltf0 Brnljdn Nroffl Znojf Cîrqufz Dlifldfrãn dlgustrdno 5¸ ‟N–

Bfjen gf fltrfin0 fltrfin0 =: GF CN]PA GFO =8=> Jnrrftfrn n on Fstnjdúl gf ]dljúl Kc >, J.X. =8298 Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin, Niunsjnodfltfs

 

Dlstdtuta Wfjlaoúidja gf Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin ‟=8=8, Nþa gf Ofaln Rdjnrda, Mflfcärdtn Cngrf gf on Xntrdn– Gajfltf0 Brnljdn Nroffl Znojf Cîrqufz

Vl gdnirncn gf Jnusn y Fbfjta fs on rfprfsfltnjdúl gf vnrdas fofcfltas (jnusns) gf ulpar sdstfcn quf pufgfl pramofcn (fbfjta). gfsnrraoonga fl >47: fo Xrabfsar Knaru jaltrdmudr Dsedknwn n flul Wakda. Noiulns vfjfsBuf fs gflacdlnga Gdnirncn Dsedknwn a Gdnirncn Fspdln gf Xfsjnga par su pnrfjdga jal fo fsqufofta gf ul pfsjnga. Fs uln efrrncdfltn fbfjtdvn pnrn fstugdnr prajfsas y sdtunjdalfs, y pnrn gfsnrraoonr ul ponl gf rfjaofjjdúl gf gntas. Jonsdbdjîlgasf fl0

Jaltraonmof0 J (Jalajdcdflta) Xrajfgdcfltno0 Xrajfgdcfltn o0 X (Xfrsalns, sdstfcns) ]udga0 L (Fxtfrlns, la jaltraonmofs) >. Dgfltdbdjnr fo pramofcn. Fo pramofcn (fo fbfjta iflfrnocfltf fstî fl on barcn gf uln jnrnjtfrãstdjn gf jnodgng) fs noia quf qufrfcas cf`arnr a jaltraonr. Fo pramofcn gfmfrî sfr fspfjãbdja y jaljrfta0 dljucpodcdflta jal ons jdtns pnrn dlstnonjdúl, jnltdgngfs dlfxnjtn fl on bnjturnjdúl, frrarfs täjldjas fl ons jufltns gf pravffgarfs, frrarfs gf pravffgarfs. Fsta jnusnrî quf fo lðcfra gf fofcfltas fl fo Gdnirncn sfn cuy nota (jalsuotnr on doustrnjdúl).

=. ]fidstrnr on brnsf quf rfsucf fo pramofcn. Fsjrdmdr fo pramofcn dgfltdbdjnga fl on pnrtf fxtrfcn gfrfjen gfo pnpfo y gf`nr fspnjda pnrn fo rfsta gfo Gdnirncn enjdn on dzqudfrgn. Gdmu`nr uln jn`n norfgfgar gf on brnsf quf dgfltdbdjn fo pramofcn (noia quf sf gflacdln noiulns vfjfs jaca on jnmfzn gfo pfsjnga).

:. Gdmu`nr y cnrjnr ons fspdlns prdljdpnofs. Ons fspdlns prdljdpnofs rfprfsfltnl fo dlput prdljdpno/ jntfiarãns gf rfjursas a bnjtarfs jnusnofs. La fxdstfl rfions samrf quä jntfiarãns a jnusns sf gfmfl utdodznr, pfra ons cîs jaculfs utdodzngns par oas fqudpas sal oas cntfrdnofs, cätagas, cîqudlns, pfrsalns, y/a fo cfgda. Gdmu`nr uln jn`n norfgfgar gf jngn tãtuoa. Fo tãtuoa gf ul irupa pnrn su Gdnirncn gf Jnusn y Fbfjta pufgf sfr gdbfrfltf n oas tãtuoas trngdjdalnofs; fstn bofxdmdodgng fs nprapdngn y sf dlvdtn n jalsdgfrnron.

Jnrrftfrn n on Fstnjdúl gf ]dljúl Kc >, J.X. =8298 Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin, Niunsjnodfltfs

 

Dlstdtuta Wfjlaoúidja gf Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin ‟=8=8, Nþa gf Ofaln Rdjnrda, Mflfcärdtn Cngrf gf on Xntrdn– Gajfltf0 Brnljdn Nroffl Znojf Cîrqufz

7. ]fnodznr uln oouvdn gf dgfns gf ons jnusns gfo pramofcn. Fstf fs fo pnsa cîs dcpartnltf fl on jalstrujjdúl gf ul Gdnirncn gf Jnusn y Fbfjta. Ons dgfns iflfrngns fl fstf pnsa iudnrîl on sfofjjdúl gf ons jnusns gf rnãz. Fs dcpartnltf quf saoncfltf jnusns, y la saoujdalfs gfo pramofcn sfnl dgfltdbdjngns. Xnrn nsfiurnr quf su fqudpa fstî no ldvfo nprapdnga gf prabulgdgng, sf gfmfrî enjfr jaltdluncfltf on prfiultn Xar ^uä pnrn jngn uln gf ons jnusns dldjdnofs cfljdalngns. (vfr fo cúguoa gf oas Jdlja Xar ^uäs). Zd surif uln dgfn quf sf n`ustf cf`ar fl atrn jntfiarãn, la gdsjutn on jntfiarãn, sdcpofcfltf fsjrdmn on dgfn. Fo prapúsdta gf on efrrncdfltn fs fstdcuonr dgfns, la gfsnrraoonr uln odstn quf fstä pfrbfjtncfltf jonsdbdjngn.

6. Dgfltdbdjnr oas jnlgdgntas pnrn on ‟jnusn cîs pramnmof–. Ons jnusns sfofjjdalngns par fo fqudpa sal apdldalfs y gfmfl sfr vfrdbdjngns jal cîs gntas. Wagns ons jnusns fl fo Gdnirncn la lfjfsnrdncfltf fstîl rfonjdalngns gf jfrjn jal fo pramofcn; fo fqudpa gfmfrî rfgujdr su nlîodsds n ons jnusns cîs pramnmofs. Fljfrrnr fl ul jãrjuoa on jnusn(s) cîs pramnmof sfofjjdalngn par fo fqudpa a cnrjnron jal ul nstfrdsja.

2. Junlga ons dgfns yn la pufgnl sfr dgfltdbdjngns, sf gfmfrî nlnodznr cîs n balga fo Gdnirncn pnrn dgfltdbdjnr cätagas ngdjdalnofs pnrn on rfjaofjjdúl gf gntas.

Fxdstfl0 *Gdnirncn jnusn fbfjta jal cätaga gf ons 2c Fs on barcn cîs jacðl fl on quf sf gfsnrraoon ul gdnirncn gf pfsjnga. Gf efjea, eny qudflfs la tdflfl sdqudfrn dgfn gf quf eny vdgn cîs nooî gf ons 2 c y quf enmonr gf Dsedknwn fs enmonr gf ons 2 c, oa juno n cd `udjda, fs uln bnofljdn fl on flsfþnlzn y ul gfsnpravfjencdflta fl fo patfljdno gf on fspdln gf pfsjnga. Cnla gf amrn0 Jalsdgfrncas tagas oas nspfjtas nsajdngas n on ifltf, no pfrsalno, n on cnla gf amrn. Dltfrrainltfs brfjufltfs dlgfpflgdfltf gfo pramofcn Cnqudlnrdn0 Enmonr gf cnqudlnrdn fs enmonr gf dlbrnfstrujturn. Fs enmonr gf tagns ons efrrncdfltns jal ons quf jaltncas pnrn gnr snodgn no pragujta bdlno. Jnrrftfrn n on Fstnjdúl gf ]dljúl Kc >, J.X. =8298 Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin, Niunsjnodfltfs

 

Dlstdtuta Wfjlaoúidja gf Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin ‟=8=8, Nþa gf Ofaln Rdjnrda, Mflfcärdtn Cngrf gf on Xntrdn– Gajfltf0 Brnljdn Nroffl Znojf Cîrqufz

Cätagas0 Fvnouncas on barcn fl on quf enjfcas ons jasns. Nsã pufs, no fvnounr oas cätagas, fstncas fvnounlga sd on barcn fl quf gfsnrraooncas ons njtdvdgngfs fstn sdildbdjnlga rfsuotngas, nsã pufs, trntncas gf musjnr on bnoon fl fo enjfr gf ons jasns quf ajnsdaln fo pramofc Cfgdjdúl0 Nquã rfjnf taga oa quf enjfcas fl tarla n on dlspfjjdúl, ons gdbfrfltfs cfgdgns jal quf sf trnmn`nl, fo nsfiurncdflta gf on jnodgng, jnodmrnjdúl, tncnþa gf cufstrn, frrar gf cfgdjdúl, ftj Cntfrdn prdcn0 Fvnouncas taga oa quf tflin quf vfr jal oas cntfrdnofs fl on fcprfsn, gfsgf oas quf sf usnl pnrn gnr fo pragujta bdlno enstn oas quf sf usnl pnrn enjfr fo nsfa no mnþa. Cfgda ncmdfltf0 Fo cfgda ncmdfltf sal ons jalgdjdalfs, fo fltarla jal fo quf sf trnmn`n. *Cätaga gf bou`a gf prajfsa Fl fstf jnsa gfsnrraooncas on fspdln gf pfsjnga par cfgda gfo bou`a gf prajfsa. Gdjea gf atrn barcn, tacncas on sfjufljdn a pnsa n pnsa gfo prajfsa quf sf fvnoðn, y sf gfsnrraoon n trnväs gf on fspdln prdljdpno. Vln mufln dgfn fs tflfr jonra fo bou`a gfo prajfsa fl tärcdlas gf bnsfs, njtdvdgngfs y tnrfns.

*Cätaga gf fstrntdbdjnjdúl Fs cuy ðtdo junlga fo pramofcn jfltrno (jnmfzn gfo pfsjnga) sf pufgf gdvdgdr fl gdbfrfltfs jnusns quf tdflfl quf vfr gdrfjtncfltf jal su lnturnofzn, gf tno barcn quf ons fspdlns cnyarfs sfnl sumjacpalfltfs gfo pramofcn jfltrno. Xdflsn par f`fcpoa fl ul pramofcn rfonjdalnga jal ul jnrra, ons fspdlns cnyarfs sf vnl n nsajdnr n ons gdbfrfltfs pnrtfs gf ästf0

Fo catar0 Rncas n jalsdgfrnr jnusns cflarfs nsajdngns n0 Mu`ãn, dlyfjtar, sflsar, jn`n gf vfoajdgngfs, ftj. Jensds0 Xdflsn fl ons jnusns cflarfs gf ästn pnrtf0 Ncartdiungarfs, oonltns, bajas, ftj. Dltfrdarfs0 Ons jnusns cflarfs sf fvnounrîl fl tarla n0 Maosns gf ndrf, majdlns, jdlturúl gf sfiurdgng, ftj Fxtfrdarfs0 Fvnouncas0 Fspf`as, pufrtns, jn`ufon, ftj. Jnrrftfrn n on Fstnjdúl gf ]dljúl Kc >, J.X. =8298 Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin, Niunsjnodfltfs

 

Dlstdtuta Wfjlaoúidja gf Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin ‟=8=8, Nþa gf Ofaln Rdjnrda, Mflfcärdtn Cngrf gf on Xntrdn– Gajfltf0 Brnljdn Nroffl Znojf Cîrqufz

Gdnirncn gf pfsjnga sdcpof  N vfjfs las aovdgncas aovdgncas quf fo gdnirncn gdnirncn jnusn jnusn y fbfjta fbfjta fs uln efrrncdfltn efrrncdfltn bofxdmof, y fs parquf las rfidcas n ons jntfiarãns gf jnusns prfgftfrcdlngns, y fsta la sdfcprf fs oa cf`ar.

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Atrns barcns gf enjfr ul gdnirncn gf jnusn y fbfjta Cîs nooî gf ons gftfjjdalfs efjens par jaltraofs gf jnodgng y gfcîs, fxdstfl jonsdbdjnjdalfs fspfjãbdjns gf îrfns gfo jalajdcdflta, jaljrftncfltf ons 5p—s gfo cfrjngfa y ons 7s—s gf on dlgustrdn gf sfrvdjdas.

*5p—s gfo cfrjngfa Fs uln fvaoujdúl gf ons 7p—s. Fl fstf jnsa, tu gdnirncn gf pfsjnga fstnrãn jacpufsta par0

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Xfrsalns Fvdgfljdn bãsdjn a prfsfltnjdúl (Xeysdjno fvdgfljf) Xrajfsa (Xrajfss)  Nodnlzns  Nodnlz ns fstrntäidjns fstrntäidjns (Xnrtlfrs) (Xnrtlfrs) Xragujta (pragujt) Xrfjda (prdjf) Xonzn a gdstrdmujdúl (Xonjf) Xracajdúl a jaculdjnjdúl (pracatdal)

7—s gf on dlgustrdn gf sfrvdjdas Fs gf jacðl npodjnjdúl fl on dlgustrdn gf sfrvdjdas no jalsdgfrnr oas sdiudfltfs nspfjtas0

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Fltarla (Zurraulgdlis) Jnrrftfrn n on Fstnjdúl gf ]dljúl Kc >, J.X. =8298 Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin, Niunsjnodfltfs

 

Dlstdtuta Wfjlaoúidja gf Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin ‟=8=8, Nþa gf Ofaln Rdjnrda, Mflfcärdtn Cngrf gf on Xntrdn– Gajfltf0 Brnljdn Nroffl Znojf Cîrqufz

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Enmdodgngfs (Zkdoos) Zdstfcns (systfcs) Xravffgarfs (Zuppodfrs)

F@FCXOA0 Xnsa >0 Fo pramofcn gftfjtnga par fo gfpnrtncflta gf jaltrao gf jnodgng gfo

mnlja fs0 Wdfcpa gf fspfrn cuy fofvnga pnrn oas usunrdas gfo mnlja. Xnsa =0 Enjdflga uln oouvdn gf dgfns, sf en gfjdgdga ragfnr fo pramofcn gfsgf ons jntfiarãns quf cîs enl fstnga nbfjtnlga fo sfrvdjda gfo mnlja njtunocfltf. Vln rfvdsdúl gf ons quf`ns y rfjoncas buf subdjdfltf pnrn tflfr dlbarcnjdúl pnrn gfbdldrons. Fl jalsfjufljdn, ons fspdlns cnyarfs sal0 Xfrsalno gf sfrvdjda Zdstfcn Jnpnjdgng gf sfrvdjda Cätaga Xnsa :0 Rncas n tacnr on fspdln cnyar0 Xfrsalns. Xrfiultn0    

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±Júca nbfjtn fo pfrsalno gfo mnlja quf fo tdfcpa gf fspfrn pnrn oas usunrdas sfn cuy fofvnga1 Fl juîlta no pfrsalno, ±Xar quä sf prfsfltn ul tdfcpa gf fspfrn cuy fofvnga pnrn oas usunrdas1

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±Fl quä cacflta fo pfrsalno gfo mnlja enjf quf fo tdfcpa gf fspfrn gfo usunrda sfn cuy fofvnga1 Wno jaca vfs, junoqudfr prfiultn quf rfonjdalf fo nspfjta quf fstns nlnodznlga jal fo pramofcn jfltrno tf pfrcdtdrî gfbdldr jnusns.  Nsã pufs, pufs, sf enl amtfldg amtfldga a fstns rfspufst rfspufstns0 ns0 Fo pfrsalno la nsdstf n ons jnpnjdtnjdalfs Fo pfrsalno prfsfltn gfsjalajdcdflta gfo prajfsa Fo pfrsalno la fs îido fl on gdidtnjdúl Xnsa 70 Xrabulgdzncas fl fo sdiudfltf ldvfo musjnlga ons jnusns n ons rfspufstns amtfldgns fl fo pnsa :.   

Jnrrftfrn n on Fstnjdúl gf ]dljúl Kc >, J.X. =8298 Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin, Niunsjnodfltfs

 

Dlstdtuta Wfjlaoúidja gf Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin ‟=8=8, Nþa gf Ofaln Rdjnrda, Mflfcärdtn Cngrf gf on Xntrdn– Gajfltf0 Brnljdn Nroffl Znojf Cîrqufz

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Fo pfrsalno prfsfltn gfsjalajdcdflta gfo prajfsa XA]^VF oas ponlfs gf fltrflncdflta fstîl mnsngas fl fo sabtwnrf nltfrdar, fs gfjdr quf la fstîl njtunodzngas. Fo pfrsalno la fs îido fl on gdidtnjdúl XA]^VF fstn jacpftfljdn la sf tuva fl jufltn no jaltrntnroas. Amsfrvnlga fo pfrbdo gf jnria, fstn la fs uln jacpftfljdn quf fstä dljoudgn.

Xnrn on jntfiarãn pfrsalns, sf musjnral jnusns enstn fo sfiulga ldvfo gfo gdnirncn Xnsa 60 ]fnodzncas fo cdsca prajfsa jal ons gfcîs jnusns a fspdlns cnyarfs. Fo nspfjta gfo gdnirncn tfrcdlnga fs fo sdiudfltf0

Jnrrftfrn n on Fstnjdúl gf ]dljúl Kc >, J.X. =8298 Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin, Niunsjnodfltfs

 

Dlstdtuta Wfjlaoúidja gf Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin ‟=8=8, Nþa gf Ofaln Rdjnrda, Mflfcärdtn Cngrf gf on Xntrdn– Gajfltf0 Brnljdn Nroffl Znojf Cîrqufz

CNXFA GF X]AJFZAZ Wdflf jaca am`ftdva ifstdalnr jarrfjtncfltf ul prajfsa y s sf f gfmf sfr jnpnz gf gfsjrdmdr gf uln cnlfrn quf pufgn sfr bîjdocfltf jacprflgdga.

>. Fltrngns gf prajfsa (U—s) =. ]fqufrdcdfltas gf oas pravffgarfs :. Znodgn gf oas prajfsas (T—s) 7. Lfjfsdgngfs njtunofs gfo jodfltf 6.Waga fo vnoar y la vnoar nirfinga n oas pnsas y tnrfns gf oas prajfsas. 2.Xulta gf jaofjjdúl gf gntas •Wdfcpas gf jdjoa •Gfbfjtas •Ldvfofs gf dlvfltnrda

Jnrrftfrn n on Fstnjdúl gf ]dljúl Kc >, J.X. =8298 Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin, Niunsjnodfltfs

 

Dlstdtuta Wfjlaoúidja gf Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin ‟=8=8, Nþa gf Ofaln Rdjnrda, Mflfcärdtn Cngrf gf on Xntrdn– Gajfltf0 Brnljdn Nroffl Znojf Cîrqufz

•Jastas gf pamrf jnodgng, ftj. 9. Xultas gf gfjdsdúl 5. Xramofcns jal saoujdalfs dlcfgdntns 4. Jaltraofs gf prajfsa lfjfsnrdas

Jnrrftfrn n on Fstnjdúl gf ]dljúl Kc >, J.X. =8298 Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin, Niunsjnodfltfs

 

Dlstdtuta Wfjlaoúidja gf Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin ‟=8=8, Nþa gf Ofaln Rdjnrda, Mflfcärdtn Cngrf gf on Xntrdn– Gajfltf0 Brnljdn Nroffl Znojf Cîrqufz

Jnrrftfrn n on Fstnjdúl gf ]dljúl Kc >, J.X. =8298 Xnmfooúl gf Nrtfnin, Niunsjnodfltfs