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CATIA Training Foils
Generative Shape Design Version 5 Release 8 January 2002 EDU-CAT-E-GSD-FF-V5R8
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Course Presentation Objectives of the course This course covers tools for surface design included in the Generative Shape Design Workbench that are not present in the Wireframe and Surface Design Workbench. At the end of the course, the student will be able to model complex fillets and analyze surface quality.
Targeted audience Mechanical Designers
1 day
Prerequisites Wireframe and Surface Design
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Table of Contents Introduction to Generative Shape Design Creating Wireframe Geometry Creating an Extremum Creating a Polar Extremum Creating a Reflect Line Methodology Creating a Spine Creating a Parallel Curve onto a Support within GSD Extracting Multiple Edges from a Sketch Tools for Wireframe Geometry Creation
Creating Surfaces Creating Swept Surfaces Creating an Adaptative Swept Surface
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p.6 p.12 p.13 p.21 p.29 p.39 p. p. p.
p.67 p.68 p.72
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Table of Contents 1. Performing Operations Joining Elements Healing Elements Smoothing Curves Extracting Elements Federating Elements Creating Fillets Inverting Orientation Creating Laws
Using Analysis Tools Managing Features and Open Bodies Hybrid Design (Working with Hybrid Parts)
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p.67 p. p. p. p. p. p. p. p.
p. p. p.
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Introduction to Generative Shape Design In this lesson you will see V5 Generative Shape Design user interface and basic functions
Generative Shape Design Workbench Generative Shape Design Interface Generative Shape Design Terminology
1 hour
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Accessing the Workbench 1
From the MENUBAR Start/Shape/Generative Shape Design
2
By clicking on the current Workbench icon (top right) to access the Favourite Workbenches window.
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User Interface: Generative Shape Design General Presentation
Sketcher access...
Part Tree
All Non-Solids (i.e. Points, Curves, Surfaces) grouped under “Open Body”
Shape Design tools...
Standard tools
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User Interface: Generative Shape Design (1/2)
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User Interface: Generative Shape Design (2/2)
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Terminology A Part is a combination of one or more Bodies and Open Bodies
The PartBody is the default Body for a Part where Solids are stored The Open Body is where non-solids (points, curves, surfaces) are stored Wireframe features
Surface features
Group :Set of surfacic features
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General Process From Assembly > create a new part (Top-down approach) or Create a new part > insert in assembly (Bottom-up approach)
1
Use GSD to create Planes in 3D to support 2D Wireframe geometry
2 Go into the Sketcher to create the planar Wireframe Geometry
3
4 Create Surfaces on the Wireframe
Use GSD to create all required 3D Wireframe Geometry
5 Optional : Join Multiple Surfaces then Offset a solid
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Creating Wireframe Geometry In this lesson, you will learn how to create all types of Wireframe elements.
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WFS Wireframe versus GSD Wireframe Wireframe & Surface Design and Generative Shape Design are two workbenches which have many common functionalities. Within GSD you will discover new functionalities that are not in WFS and also advanced GSD capabilities in some functions that exist in both workbenches. WFS
Functionality common to both workbenches but with more capabilities within GSD.
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Functionalities specific to the Generative Shape Design workbench.
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Review of WFS Wireframe Geometry You can review the tools covered in the Wireframe & Surface Design Course which are also included in the Generative Shape Design Workbench.
Creating Points in 3D Creating Lines in 3D Creating Planes in 3D Creating Curves in 3D
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Creating an Extremum In this Skillet you learn what is an Extremum and how to create it.
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Why Create an Extremum? In order to help CATIA find the maximum or minimum point of a curve or surface along any direction chosen by the user. The element might be a sketch, a 3D curve or line, a surface or a solid face.
Maximum Extremum on a solid face along the Z Axis
Maximum Extremum on a Curve along the Z Axis Minimum Extremum on a Surface along the X Axis Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Creating an Extremum 1 Select the Extremum Icon.
2
3
Select the element on which to find the Extremum.
Select a line or a plane (normal direction) to specify the direction to evaluate the Extremum
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Select Max or Min according to your requirement.
5 Click OK to confirm. The Extremum is added to the specification tree
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Additional Information on Extremum
If the Element is a surface, according to the chosen direction you can obtain a curve or a line as Extremum.
If the element is a surface, you may specify two others optional directions.
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Creating a Polar Extremum In this Skillet you learn what is a Polar Extremum and how to create it.
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What is a Polar Extremum? Any planar curve can be defined with its polar equation (relation linking the radius and the angle). The polar extremum function allows you to find the points on the curve corresponding to : The minimum radius from a specified origin : The polar extremum is calculated in an axis system defined by : - An origin. The maximum radius from a specified origin :
- A reference direction.
The minimum angle regarding to a specified direction :
The maximum angle regarding to a specified direction :
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Creating a Polar Extremum 1
Select the Polar Extremum Icon.
2
3
Select the type of polar extremum you want to create.
5
Define the reference axis.
6
Click OK to confirm the polar extremum creation.
Select the planar contour on which you want to create the polar extremum and its supporting plane.
4
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Select the origin point from the polar extremum will be calculated.
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Creating a Reflect Line Methodology You will learn what is a Reflect Line and how create it.
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What is a Reflect Line Reflect lines are curves for which the normal to the support surface in each point presents the same angle with a specified direction. It is very useful to find the parting plane of a complex surface. If we perform a Draft analysis on this part, we can see, thanks to the red areas that the part is non extractible.
Thanks to the Reflect Line curve, we can cut the part in two extractible parts.
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Creating a Reflect Line 1 Direction
2
Select a support surface and a direction.
Support
You can define one of the X,Y or Z axis by opening a contextual menu in the Direction field.
3
Key in an angle representing the value between the selected direction and the normal to the surface. Reflect lines
4 Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Click OK to confirm reflect line creation
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Creating a Spine You will learn what is a Spine and how create it.
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What is a Spine ? For the Swept and Lofted surface, there is a default spine (the guide or a computation from the guides). If you want to fix an orientation for your surface sections you will have to define a Spine.
Guide Curve
The swept sections may be oriented by another Spine (not the default one). For instance you want to get the swept sections perpendicular to the green spine: Spine
Profile
Swept sections are perpendicular to the guide curve
Swept sections are perpendicular to the Spine.
In this Swept surface, the Spine is, by default, the guide curve. Each section of the swept surface is perpendicular to this Guide Curve The Spine icon will allow you to create a curve that will be use later as a spine There are two ways to build a spine :
Curve normal to a list of ordered planes or planar curves Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Spine curve computed from several guide curves
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Creating a Spine from planes and planar curves 1
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Select the Spine Icon.
Successively select planes or planar profiles.
You can also select a start point. The point is projected onto the first plane as the spine starting point.
3 Use these three buttons to replace, delete or add a plane or a profile. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Click OK to confirm. The Spine is added to the specification tree. 27
Creating a Spine from Guide Curves 1
2
Select the Spine Icon. Click in the field Guide
3
4
Select the Guide Curves
Click OK to confirm. The Spine is added to the specification tree.
Use these three buttons to replace, delete or add a plane or a profile.
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Sweep using the default spine (guide curve 1)
Sweep using the user created spine 28
Creating a Parallel Curve onto a Support Within GSD
You will learn how create various parallel curves.
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Creating a Curve Parallel to another on a Support (1/3) Support
1
2
Parallel Curve
Choose the parallelism type : Reference curve Euclidean : The distance between both curves will be calculated without taking in account the support curvature.
Euclidean
Geodesic : The distance between the curves will be calculated taking the support curvature into account.
Geodesic
Euclidean Parallel Curve Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Geodesic parallel curve
Reference curve
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Creating a Curve Parallel to another on a Support (2/3) 3
Select the reference curve and the support plane or surface.
Select the parallel corner type.
Support
Reference curve
Check here to create two parallel curves symmetrically in relation to the reference curve.
4
Specify the Offset by entering a value or using the graphic manipulator (green arrows).
If you have chosen the euclidean parallel type, you can choose to offset the curve at a constant distance or according to a law.
5 If you want to create several parallel curves separated by the same offset check the option Repeat object after OK Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Click OK to continue The created curve is defined as an Object, i.e. the reference for creating the other 31 curves
Creating a Curve Parallel to another on a Support (3/3) 7
Define the number of parallel curves to be created
You can choose to create or not the instances in a new Open Body.
8
Click OK to confirm parallel curve creation
Object parallel curve
Parallel curve instances in a new Open Body
• As many parallel curves as indicated in the Object Repetition dialog box are created, including the object parallel curve. • The parallel curves are separated from the object line by a multiple of the offset value. • The curve instances are grouped in a new Open Body if you have checked the option. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Extracting Multiple Edges from a Sketch. You will learn to extract some geometrical elements from a Sketch.
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Extracting Multiple Edges If you have a sketch containing several elements, you can extract a subpart of these elements to create geometry.
1
2
3
Select the Extract Multiple Edges icon Click on this button to delete a sub element of the list
Select the geometry of the multi profile sketch that you want to extract
Click on OK, the extract is added to the specification tree
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Tools for Wireframe geometry creation. Now let us look at some Wireframe tools common to the WFS and GSD Workbenches ...
Stacking Commands Work on Support
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Stacking Commands
You will learn how to stack commands while creating wireframe elements.
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Why Do You Need to Stack Commands ? Stacking commands allows you to create construction elements while creating an element which requires those construction elements.
What about stacking commands ? You can create the following construction elements: - points, - planes, - intersections. - lines, - projections, You have access to the stacking commands capability while creating: - points, - circles, - translations, - lines, - conics - rotations, - planes, - corners, - symmetry.
Using mouse button 3 you display a contextual menu listing all the elements you can create using the stacking commands capability.
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Stacking Commands… While creating an element you may need a construction element that you will create on the fly.
You define the parameters of the construction element.
The construction element is created and selected at the same time. When using the stacking command capability you can check the status of the stack in the Running Commands window.
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Let ’s see now the way to stack commands...
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Stacking Commands (1/4) When you create some wireframe elements (point, line, plane, circle, corner, conic) or when you perform a translation, a rotation or a symmetry on an object you can create on the fly the missing construction elements, i.e. points, lines, planes, intersections or projections. In the following example you will see how to create a plane from scratch.
1
2 Select the type of plane you want to create.
3 Using mouse button 3 click in the Point
field and select the Create Point option. The Point Definition window is displayed.
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Stacking Commands (2/4)
4 Define the parameters to create the point.
The status of the stacking commands is also displayed in the Running Commands window.
5 Click OK to accept point creation.
The Plane Definition window is displayed again with Point.1 in the Point field. The Point button next to the Point field allows you to edit the point parameters.
6 Using mouse button 3 click in the Line
field and select the Create Line option. The Line Definition window is displayed.
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Stacking Commands (3/4)
7 Define the parameters to create the line.
The status of the stacking commands is also displayed in the Running Commands window.
8 To create the points needed for the
line you can also use the stacking commands. In that case the Running Commands window will look like this:
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Stacking Commands (4/4)
9 Once the two points are created click OK
to accept the line creation. The Plane Definition window is displayed again with Line.1 in the Line field. The Line button next to the Line field allows you to edit the Line parameters.
10 Click OK to accept the plane creation.
Point.3 If you want to modify a parameter of the plane you can also double-click on its identifier in the specification tree.
Line.1
Point.1
Point.2 Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Plane.1
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Working on a Support
You will learn how to define a planar or non-planar support, work on it with or without a grid and snap to a point.
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Why Do You Need to Work on a Support ? You can select a plane or a surface to use it as a support for further element creation.
What about support ? • If you define a plane as a support a grid is displayed and positioned in the plane of the screen. In that case you have access to the ‘Snap to Point’ capability. • If you define a surface as a support the elements created after selection of the surface will be located on the surface by default.
Support plane = YZ With the ‘Snap to Point’ capability the created points are located at the nearest intersection of the grid.
Support surface = Extrude.1 When you create a point after selecting the surface as a support the Point Definition window automatically displays the option ‘On surface’.
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Working on a Support – Plane Support (1/3) 1 The Work on Support window is displayed. A Working support.1 feature is added to the specification tree under the Working supports entry. By default the last created working support (current) is displayed in red in the specification tree. The ‘not current’ working supports are displayed in blue.
2
Select the plane you want to define as a support, here the YZ plane.
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Working on a Support – Plane Support (2/3) The Work on Support window changes and displays several options to define the grid. Selected plane
Define the total length of the grid subdivision
Define the number of steps in a grid subdivision
Define which axis is taken as H direction in the 2D plane Check this option if you want a different primary spacing in the second direction
3
Set the grid visualization parallel to the screen
Click OK to confirm grid creation.
4
If you want your cursor to move directly to an intersection point of the grid click on the Snap to If you enter coordinates when the ‘Snap to point’ icon is Point icon. active, the system does not take the grid into account.
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Working on a Support – Plane Support (3/3)
5
Create an element on the support.
Here you are creating a point. Note that : - the point type is automatically set to ‘On plane’, - the cursor points only on the grid intersection points.
6
Exit the working support :
Using the Working Supports Activity icon
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Using the Set as Not Current option in the contextual menu
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Working on a Support – Surface Support (1/2) 1 The Work on Support window is displayed. A Working support.1 feature is added to the specification tree under the Working supports entry. By default the last created working support (current) is displayed in red in the specification tree. The ‘not current’ working supports are displayed in blue.
2
Select the surface you want to define as a support, here the extruded surface.
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Working on a Support – Surface Support (2/2) 3
Click OK to confirm grid creation.
4
Create an element on the support.
Here you are creating a point. Note that the point type is automatically set to ‘On surface’.
5
Exit the working support :
Using the Working Supports Activity icon Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Using the Set as Not Current option in the contextual menu 49
Creating Surfaces In this lesson, you will review all the Surface creation tools that were covered in WFS and that are also available in the GSD Workbench
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Why Do You Need Surfaces ? You can use basic surfaces either to create a new part or to complete the design of a solid part
What about surfaces ? You can create a surface from: - a line, curve or sketch - other surfaces
Offset surface created from another surface and a direction
Surface of revolution created from a profile (Spline) and an axis of revolution
For each type of surface you will also define its limits or the angle of revolution Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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WFS Surfaces versus GSD Surfaces Wireframe & Surface Design and Generative Shape Design are two workbenches which have many common functionalities. Within GSD you will discover new functionalities that are not in WFS and also advanced capabilities in some functions that exist in both workbenches.
GSD
WFS Functionality common to both workbenches but with more capabilities within GSD.
Functionality specific to the Generative Shape Design workbench.
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Review of WFS Surfaces You can review the tools covered in the Wireframe & Surface Design Course which are also included in the Generative Shape Design Workbench.
Creating a Surface from a profile
- Creating a Extruded Surface - Creating a Surface of Revolution - Creating a Sphere Creating a Surface from Boundaries
- Creating a Fill Surface - Creating a Blend Surface Creating a Surface from another Surface
- Creating an Offset Surface Creating a Lofted Surface
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Creating Swept Surfaces You will learn how to create Explicit and Implicit Swept Surfaces within the Generative Shape Design Workbench
Explicit Swept Surfaces Implicit Swept Surfaces
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Creating Explicit Type Swept Surfaces You will learn how to create swept surfaces using Any Profile
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Creating an Explicit-type Swept Surface (1/7) 1
2
Select the Sweep Surface icon. Select the guide curve and the profile. You can then choose to give a reference plane or surface (Reference tab) or to select another guide curve and anchor points (Second Guide tab).
By default, the swept profile is constant in each section along the guide curve. If no spine is selected the guide curve is used as spine.
3
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Confirm swept surface creation
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Creating an Explicit-type Swept Surface (2/7) Using a reference surface :
You can define a reference surface to control the position of the profile along the sweep.
You can define a law to drive the angle evolution between the profile and the reference surface Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Creating an Explicit-type Swept Surface (3/7) Position Profile You can position the profile with the guide curve. Using the Position profile mode, the reference is no more the profile but the Guide Curve. Using no positioning : When the profile position is fixed with respect to the guide curve, the sweep lies on the profile and on the guide curve (if it intersects the profile) or on the parallel to the guide curve crossing the profile (minimum distance). Using positioning : The profile is oriented in the guide curve axis system.
Using positioning and a reference surface : The guide curve axis system is now oriented regarding the reference surface orientation :
Grey axis-system : profile reference axis
Green axis-system : current profile orientation Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Creating an Explicit-type Swept Surface (4/7) Position Profile : Parameters In the Position profile mode you can display parameters to modify the position of the sweep profile on the guide curve defining a new origin and a rotation angle or direction.
Or
These coordinates (or the selected point) define the position of the origin of the positioning axis system (green) in the first sweep plane.
45 deg
You can rotate the positioning axis system around the guide curve with respect to initial axis system of the profile.
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The direction defines the X axis of the positioning axis system.
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Creating an Explicit-type Swept Surface (5/7) Position Profile : Parameters In the Position profile mode you can display parameters to modify the position of the sweep profile on the guide curve defining a new origin and a rotation angle or direction.
You may want to invert the orientation of the X or Y axes of the positioning axis system. You can select a point defining the origin of the axis system linked to the profile.
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Creating an Explicit-type Swept Surface (6/7) Second Guide Curve and Anchor Points You can select a second guide curve to define the sweep. If no spine is selected, the first guide curve is the spine :
You can create a spine if you want to obtain a more regular surface :
• If you check the Profile extremities inverted option, the profile extremities connected to the guides are inverted. • If you check the Vertical orientation inverted option, the vertical orientation of the profile is inverted. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Creating an Explicit-type Swept Surface (7/7) Second Guide Curve and Anchor Points You also can use Anchor Points to position the profile on the guide curves.
Guide curves
Profile
Anchor points
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While creating the swept surface, the anchor points are remaining on the guide curves all the sweep long.
So, the profile is positioned regarding to the initial geometrical conditions between the profile and the anchor points.
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Creating Line Type Swept Surfaces You will learn how to create swept surfaces using Linear Profiles
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Creating a Line-type Swept Surface : Two Limits 1
Line type :
Subtype : Two limits
2 Click on the Line icon, then select the Two limits subtype and the two guide curves.
You can select the second guide curve as middle curve instead of entering length values (same as Limit and middle subtype)
If no spine is selected the first guide curve is used as spine. Guide curve 1
Length 1
Guide curve 2
Length 2
3 Confirm surface creation Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Creating a Line-type Swept Surface : Reference Surface 1
Line type :
Subtype : With reference surface
2 Click on the Line icon, then select the With reference surface subtype, the guide curve and the reference surface. Key in an angle value and define the length of the surface. If no spine is selected the first guide curve is used as spine.
Length 2
Angle between the sweep and the reference surface.
Guide curve 1
Length 1
Angle Reference surface
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3
Confirm surface creation
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Creating a Line-type Swept Surface : Tangency Surface
1
Line type :
2
Subtype : With tangency surface
Click on the Line icon, then select the With tangent surface subtype, the guide curve and the tangency surface. If no spine is selected the first guide curve is used as spine. Guide curve 1
Tangency surface
3 Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Confirm surface creation 66
Creating Circle Type Swept Surfaces You will learn how to create swept surfaces using Circular Profiles
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Creating a Circle-type Swept Surface : Two Guides and Radius 1
Circle type :
Subtype : Two guides and radius
Click on the Circle icon, then select the Two guides and radius subtype, the two guide
2 curves and the radius.
If no spine is selected the first guide curve is used as spine.
Radius
In case of several solutions you can check them all and then select one of them (green color = active solution) Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
3
Confirm surface creation 68
Creating a Circle-type Swept Surface : Center and Radius 1
Circle type :
Subtype : Center and radius
2 Click on the Circle icon, then select the Center and radius subtype, a center curve and a radius. If no spine is selected the center curve is used as spine.
3 Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Confirm surface creation 69
Creating a Circle-type Swept Surface : One Guide and Tangency Surface 1 Circle type :
Subtype : One Guide and Tangency Surface
Click on the Circle icon, then select the one guide and tangency surface as subtype.
2 Select the guide curve, the tangency surface, and key in a radius sufficient to link the guide curve and the tangency surface.
In case of several solutions you can check them all and then select one of them (orange color = active solution) Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Creating Conical Type Swept Surfaces You will learn how to create swept surfaces using Conical Profiles
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Creating a Conical-type Swept Surface : Two Guide Curves 1 Conical type :
2
Subtype : Two Guide curves
Click on the Conic icon, then select Two guide curves and their tangency supports.
Define an angle between the swept surface and the tangency surface
Set the parameter value (ranges from 0 to 1) indicating the sweep proximity to the spine. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
3 Confirm surface creation 72
Creating a Conical-type Swept Surface : Five Guide Curves 1
Conical type :
2
Subtype : Five Guide curves
Click on the Conic icon, then select Four guide curves and a tangency support.
Five Guide Curves You can specify a Spine curve. The default spine is always the first guide curve. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
3
Confirm surface creation
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Creating an Adaptative Swept Surface You will learn what is an Adaptative Swept Surface and how create it
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What is an Adaptative Swept Surface. This particular sweep uses a Sketch as Implicit profile along a Guiding Curve. The guiding curve is used as the default spine.
Guiding Curve
Sketch
The Sketch has been designed in context directly from the dialog box and represent a connex profile
By giving some points, you will define automatically intermediate sections on the spine.
You can modify the constraints defined in the original sketch independently for each section. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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What are the differences with the Classic Sweep. The Implicit sweep is always defined from a sketch. This leads to build a surface that inherits of the sketch constraints scheme on the whole surface. Besides you can create on the fly intermediate sections along the guiding curve and modify the constraints independently in each section.
In an adaptative sweep, the surface inherits of the sketch constraints.
In the Explicit sweep the surface does not inherit of the constraints defined in the sketch.
What does that mean ?
If we analyse the connections between the surfaces, there is a few acceptable tangency discontinuity areas. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
If we analyse the connections between the surfaces, there are important tangency discontinuities. 76
Creating an Adaptative Swept Surface (1/3) 1 Select the Adaptative Sweep icon.
2
Select the Guide Curve and the Sketch to be swept. Guiding Curve
Sketch
3
Select predefined points or vertices on the guide curve to add intermediate sections.
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Intermediate sections
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Creating an Adaptative Swept Surface (2/3) 4
Under the Parameters tab, you can modify the constraints defined in the original sketch for each section independently
Use this icon to remove a section
75 mm radius
22 mm radius
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Creating an Adaptative Swept Surface (3/3) 5
Under the Moving Frame tab, you can replace the spine (the default one is the guiding curve).
The Discretization scroll bar allows you to define the precision of the surface. The step value define the number of virtual intermediate sections used to create the surface.
Result with a discretization step = 1.00
Result with a discretization step = 0.50
6
Click OK to confirm the surface creation
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Additional Information on Adaptative Sweep (1/2) If you want to create an adaptative swept surface which lays on other surfaces, you will create your sketch in context because you want to put some associative constraints with the existing geometry.
In many cases, you will meet some difficulties to build associative elements from existing geometry.
To avoid this problem, it is better to build its sketch directly from the Adaptative sweep dialog box.
Here we want that the sketch keeps its tangency with the surfaces (the intersection between the surface and the sketch plane) in each section of the sweep. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Open a contextual menu in the Sketch field then choose Edit Sketch.
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Additional Information on Adaptative Sweep (2/2) The Sketch Creation for Adaptative Sweep dialog box is displayed.
Click on OK, the automatically defined construction elements.
You just have to follow instructions of the prompt bar.
the
sketch is with the
Associative construction elements
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Performing Operations on the Geometry In this lesson, you will review WFS tools to transform, to split, and to trim 3D geometrical elements. You will also see additional, powerful tools in GSD for Filleting, Extrapolating, Healing, and inverting the orientation of Surfaces.
Review of WFS Operations Joining Surfaces Healing Surfaces Smoothing Curves Extracting Elements Federating Elements Creating Fillets Inverting Orientation Creating Laws Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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WFS Operations versus GSD Operations
GSD
Wireframe & Surface Design and Generative Shape Design are two workbenches which have many common functionalities. Within GSD you will discover new functionalities that are not in WFS and also advanced capabilities in some functions that exist in both workbenches. WFS
Functionalities specific to the Generative Shape Design workbench.
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Review of WFS Operations You can review the tools covered in the Wireframe & Surface Design Course which are also included in the Generative Shape Design Workbench.
Restoring Surfaces Disassembling Surfaces Splitting Elements Trimming Elements Transforming Elements
-
Translating an Element Rotating an Element Applying a Symmetry to an Element Scaling an Element Creating an Affinity Performing an Axis-to-Axis transformation
Extrapolating Elements Creating Near Elements Creating Patterns
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Joining Elements
You will learn how to join wireframe or surface elements
Element 2
Element 1
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Join result
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Why Joining Elements ? You can join elements to use two or more elements as a single element in a further operation.
What about joined elements ? You can create joined elements from: - adjacent curves - adjacent surfaces
Join result
Two adjacent splines.
Join result
Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Four adjacent surfaces.
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How to Join Elements…
Let ’s see now the way to join elements ... Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Joining Elements (1/2) 1 2
Select one by one the elements to be joined together.
Element 2
Element 1
To modify the join definition you can edit it and remove elements or replace an element by another.
This option checks the connexity between the elements in the resulting join.
CATIA will: - reduce the number of resulting elements - ignore the elements that do not allow the join to be created.
You can define a merging distance, i.e. the maximum distance below which two elements are considered as only one element.
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Click OK to confirm join operation. 88
Joining Elements (2/2) While joining elements you can exclude some sub-element from the joined surface.
Face to be removed You can also select subelements to exclude from the joined surfaces.
You can create another join surface with the excluded sub-elements. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Additional Information on Joining While joining surfaces, you can specify an angle tolerance. If the angle value on the edge between two elements is greater than the Angle Tolerance value, the elements are not joined Select the elements to be joined. The tangency discontinuity between these surfaces is 6deg :
CATIA refuses to create the join surface because the tangency discontinuity between the surfaces is greater than the specified angle tolerance:
Activate the new option Angle Tolerance. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Healing Surfaces You will learn about the Healing operation
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Why Healing?
While Join is a topological integration of surfaces into one logical surface, HEALING will mathematically deform the shape of surfaces at boundary areas so they smoothly blend into one another. When physical parts are manufactured from CAD models, the machining is guided by the exact representation of the individual surfaces. Hence, Healing is important to ensure that each one of these surfaces transitions smoothly between one another.
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Healing Surfaces (1/3) 1
2
3
Select the Join where you know there is a gap that you would like to Heal. You can also select directly the surfaces to heal.
Choose if you want to heal the point discontinuities or the tangency discontinuities.
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Healing Surfaces (2/3) : Parameters The objective of the parameters is to choose the discontinuities you want to heal or not :
4
Key in parameters : Note : a quick violation analysis can help to choose these parameters :
Healed
Not healed Merging distance Gap value
Not healed
Healed
Distance Objective
These parameters are thresholds that allows you to: - define the discontinuities to be healed (Merging distance and Tangency angle). - define the discontinuities you consider it is not necessary to heal (Distance Objective and Tangency Objective). Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Healed
Not healed Tangency angle
Tangency discontinuity value Not healed Tangency Objective
Healed 94
Healing Surfaces (3/3) 5
Click OK to confirm healed surface creation.
the
Note : a quick violation analysis now shows :
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Smoothing Curves In this Skillet you will learn how smoothing curves.
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Why Smoothing Curves Sometimes when you want create a sweep for instance, CATIA answers you that the profile curve is not continue in tangency and that it could not build the geometry as you whish. The Smoothing Curve function allows you to clean these curves in distance and tangency. We want to create a Line-type sweep from this curve using the plane as reference surface.
Using the smoothed curve, we can create the swept surface.
We need to smooth the curve before generating the sweep.
We can see the discontinuity points and their values to correct the curve. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Smoothing Curves (1/2) Select the Smoothing Curve icon.
1 2
A discontinuity analysis is displayed :
Select the curve to be smoothed.
- In area : discontinuity type and value before smoothing. - Out area : discontinuity status after smoothing.
3
Using the displayed values, set the tangency and curvature thresholds up to the value you want to repair.
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Click on OK to create the smoothed curve
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Smoothing Curves (2/2) Smoothing a curve, you have the possibility to select a support surface.
1
2
Select the curve to smooth.
3
Define the smooth parameters.
4
Select the support surface (the curve to smooth must lie on this surface).
Click OK to create the smoothed
5 curve : it will lie on the surface. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Additional Information on Smooth Curve(1/2) The status of the discontinuities is displayed using a colour code. Meaning of the boxes colour: A red box means that the discontinuity has not been corrected. Reason : the discontinuity is not within the specified threshold.
A yellow box means that the discontinuity has been partially corrected. Reason : the discontinuity in tangency is within the tangency threshold, but the curvature discontinuity is not within the curvature threshold.
A green box means that the discontinuity has been completely corrected. Reason : both tangency and curvature discontinuity are within the curvature and tangency threshold.
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Additional Information on Smooth Curve (2/2) You can choose to visualize only the non-corrected discontinuities :
You can choose to visualize the discontinuities interactively, placing the mouse on the discontinuity to make the text box appear :
You can also display the information sequentially :
The total number of discontinuities is displayed. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Extracting Elements
You will learn how to extract edges and faces from a surface.
Edge extraction
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Face extraction
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Extracting an Edge from a Surface You can extract one or several edges of a surface which can be either boundaries or limiting edges of faces. You cannot define limit points.
1
2
Select a surface edge and choose the propagation type. Selected edge
3
Click OK to confirm edge extraction. Here there is an ambiguity about the propagation side you are prompted to select a support face. In this case, the dialog box dynamically updates and the Support field is added.
According to the selected propagation type you get :
Selected support face
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2- Tangent continuity
3- Point continuity 103
Extracting a Face from a Surface You can extract one or several faces of a surface with or without propagation.
1
2
Select a face and choose the propagation type.
3
Click OK to confirm face extraction. The complementary mode : Switching on this button, you can de-select the elements to extract, and select the non-selected elements :
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Federating Elements
You will learn how to federate elements while joining surfaces and extracting faces
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Why federate ? (1/2) 1- Surfaces are made of several faces. Elements created from a surface are in fact created from its faces.
The pad has been created with the option “Up to surface”, using the blue surface. A fillet have been added to the top edge of this pad. This edge depends on a face of the blue surface.
2- A modification of the part geometry may lead to a change of the supporting face.
The sketch supporting the pad have been modified so that the filleted edge does not lie anymore on the same face
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Why federate ? (2/2) 3- This change can lead to an update error because the elements created from these faces are no longer recognized.
During the update of the part, an update error occurred : the filleted edge is not recognized :
4- Federating the faces of the surfaces, this kind of update error does not occur anymore.
To solve the problem, you just have to federate the faces of the blue surface. Then the part is updated without any problem :
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How to Federate Elements The federation of elements is available through the Join and the Extract tools :
Let’s see now how to federate ... Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Federating Elements while Joining Surfaces Joining surfaces, you have the possibility to federate the faces of the resulting surface
1
2
Select one by one the elements to be joined together.
3
Expand the new “Federation” panel in the join dialog box.
4
Select one face of the join surface and choose a propagation type.
Click OK to create the federated
5 joined surface.
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Federating Elements while Extracting Faces Extracting faces from a solid, you have the possibility to federate the faces of the resulting surface
1
2
Select one face of the solid.
3
Choose a propagation type.
4
Activate the federation switch.
Click OK to create the federated
5 extracted surface.
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Creating Fillets Filleting is an operation that is used to smoothly connect surfaces. You will learn how to create Shape, Edge, Variable, Face-To-Face, and TriTangent Fillets
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Why Fillets?
Fillets were originally used in industry to remove sharp edges on parts. More and more, people having been using Fillets as a general modelling tool for surface creation.
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Creating a Shape Fillet (1/3) Use these command to create a fillet between two surfaces
1 Select the Shape Fillet Icon
2
Select two surfaces and put in the required radius value. Make sure the red arrows point towards the concave side of the fillet.
3
Decide which supporting surface you want to trim.
4
Choose one of the Extremities conditions (Switch between the four types - and Apply - to see the difference)
5 Click OK to confirm. The Shape Fillet is added to the specification tree
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Creating a Shape Fillet (2/3) : Extremity Type
Here are the different types of extremities
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Creating a Shape Fillet (3/3) : Trimming the supports Four combinations are possible :
No support are trimmed
The second support is left unchanged. Only the first support is trimmed. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Both support are trimmed
The first support is left unchanged. Only the second support is trimmed. 115
Creating an Edge Fillet (1/2) Use these command to provide a transitional surface along a sharp internal edge of a surface
3
1 Select the Edge Fillet Icon
2
Select one or more internal edges of a surface
Enter the Radius value.
You can control the Extremities of the Fillet the same way as for the Shape Fillet
You can also fillet an entire face
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Creating an Edge Fillet (2/2) 4
Choose a Propagation type :
If Minimal, only the selected edges will be filleted.
If Tangency, all edges tangent to the selected edges will also be filleted.
5
Click OK to confirm. The Edge Fillet is added to the specification tree
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Creating a Variable Fillet (1/3) In this type of fillet the radius varies at selected points along a selected edge
Select the Variable Fillet Icon
1 2
Select one or more internal edges of a surface
3
Double-Click on any of the shown radius values to change it You can specify a Zero radius value at limit points of a Variable Fillet
4
Select inside this box then select anywhere along the edge to put in an additional radius value along the edge. (You can also create a point on the edge and select this point if accuracy is required) You can control the Extremities of the Fillet the same way as for the Shape Fillet and the Propagation type the same way as for the Edge Fillet
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Creating a Variable Fillet (2/3) 5
Choose a radius variation type : Cubic (function ax3+bx2+cx+d)
Linear (function ax+b)
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Click OK to confirm. The Variable Fillet is added to the specification tree 119
Creating a Variable Fillet (3/3) You have the capability to create a variable fillet with the fillet sections keeping a constant direction in accordance with a spine Edge to be filleted
The fillet sections are perpendicular to filleted edge Spine
The fillet sections are perpendicular to the Spine
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Creating a Face-To-Face Fillet Use the Face-Face fillet command when there is no intersection between the faces or when there are more than two sharp edges between the faces.
2
1 Select the Face-To-Face Fillet Icon
3
Put in the desired radius
4
Click OK to confirm. The Face-To-Face Fillet is added to the specification tree
Select the two faces (belonging to the same surface) between which you want to create the Face-ToFace Fillet
You can control the Extremities of the Fillet the same way as for the Shape Fillet
The shape of the Face-To-Face Fillet is basically generated by lying a Cylinder with a specific radius into the gap between two faces. If the radius is too small, the Cylinder will not be able to touch both faces at once. If the radius is two big, we will not be able to achieve a Cylinder tangent to the faces. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Creating a Tri-Tangent Fillet The creation of tri-tangent fillets involves the removal of one of the three selected faces.
The three faces belonging to the surface.
1
must same
Select the Tri-Tangent Fillet Icon
2
Select the two faces you want to keep
3
Select the face to be removed.
4
Click OK to confirm. The Tri-Tangent Fillet is added to the specification tree.
The Tri-Tangent Fillet is a variable radius Fillet tangent to all three faces selected.
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Additional Information on Fillet : Hold Curve and Spine This option concerns with all type of fillet : we will focus on the shape fillet creation. Creating Fillets, you can now choose a curve sketched on one of the support to be connected to control the radius variation. Spine Curve Hold Curve
Select a hold curve lying on one support to drive the fillet radius, And a spine curve.
Note : the result is a variable radius fillet whose radius is driven by the hold curve.
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Additional Information on Fillet : Limiting Elements This option concerns the edge, the variable radius, the face-face and the tri-tangent fillets. While creating one of these fillets, you can limit it by selecting an element (plane or surface) that intersects it completely :
Edge to fillet Limiting element
Edge to fillet Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Limiting element 124
Additional Information on Fillet : Trim ribbon This option concerns the edge and the variable radius fillets. In some case, fillets may be overlapping. The Trim ribbons option lets you solve this by trimming the fillets where they overlap.
Overlapping fillets
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Additional Information on Fillet : Rolling Edge (1/2) This option concerns the edge and the variable radius fillets. In some case, you may need to indicate that an edge should not be filleted, if a radius is too large for instance.
Click on the more button to expand the dialog box, then select the edge you wish to keep.
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Additional Information on Fillet : Rolling Edge (2/2) You may need that a fillet roll around an edge.
You just have to expand the edge fillet dialog box clicking on the more button, then select the edge on which the fillet will roll in the Edge to keep field.
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Inverting Orientation You will learn how to invert the orientation of Curves and Surfaces
Inverting a Surface
Inverting a Curve
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Why Invert Orientation?
The results of most surface creation and trimming operations depend on the orientations of the elements involved. Most menu interfaces allow the user to change these orientations on the fly. The Invert Orientation operation exists solely for the user’s convenience.
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How to Invert Orientation
1
Access the Invert Orientation from the Menubar - under Insert/Operation
2
Select the curve or surface to invert its orientation. The initial display of the red arrow is the already inverted direction.
3
4
Clicking on the red arrow or on the Reset Initial button displays the initial (uninverted) orientation of the element
Click OK to confirm. The Invert operation is added to the specification tree
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Laws You will learn how to create evolution laws, to be used later on when creating Generative Shape Design elements, such as swept surfaces, or parallel curves.
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What are Laws? A law is computed as the distance between points on the reference line and their matching points onto the definition curve.
Definition Curve d
The law define the variations of d along L. L
Reference Line
The law is defined on the common length between both entities.
The interest to define laws is to reuse them in others tools. You can reuse this variable distance only to create parallel curves or sweeps. Instead having a constant distance for a parallel curve you will be able to make vary this distance with a predefined law.
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Creating Laws Create an evolution function from existing geometry.
1
Select the Law Icon.
2 Reference
3 Definition curve
Select the line you want as reference line. Select the line or curve you want as definition curve for the evolution law.
Fix a X value or use the manipulators to see the corresponding Y value
4
Click OK to confirm. The law is added to the Specification Tree.
When the reference line and definition curve do not present the same length, only the common area is used to compute the law. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Additional Information on Laws You can combine the laws created within GSD with laws created with the Knowledge Law Editor
Select the Law icon in the Knowledge toolbar.
Define the parameter names and types
Reuse these law combinations in Parallel curves or classic sweeps creation like the other laws.
To reuse the graphic law, check “Select Feature” then use the “Evaluate” object as written above. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Using Analysis Tools In this lesson, you will learn how to use the Draft, Curvature, and Connection Analysis Tools
The Connect Checker The Curve Connect Checker Draft Analysis Curvature Analysis Porcupine Curvature Analysis
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The Connect Checker You will learn how to use the Connect Checker tool to analyze the connection between surfaces.
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Why the Connect Checker? For surface modeling, to ensure good transition from one surface to another, the Connect Checker allows the user to examine : • the distance (mm) • the tangency (deg) • the curvature (%) along an edge joining two surfaces. Curvature analysis
Tangency analysis
Distance analysis
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How to use the Connect Checker (1/2) 1
Multi-Select the two surfaces between which you would like to check the connection
3
Choose the Analysis Type : distance, tangency or curvature
4
Choose the type of Display you require.
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Select the Connect Checker Icon
Note the Minimum and Maximum values between the two surfaces.
5
Adjust the color ranges taking account your Minimum and Maximum values
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How to use the Connect Checker (2/2)
The number of selected elements and the number of detected connections are displayed.
6
Check the analysis result on the geometry.
Select the Quick button to obtain a simplified analysis taking into account tolerances (distance, tangency and curvature).
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Click OK to confirm. The Connection Analysis is added to the specification tree 139
The Curve Connect Checker You will learn how to use the Connect Checker tool to analyze the curvature discontinuities on curves.
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Why the Curve Connect Checker ? For wireframe based surface modeling, it is necessary to use curve that are continuous in tangency and in curvature. The curve connect checker allows you to detect the point, tangency or curvature discontinuities in order to smooth the non-continuous curves : • the distance (mm) • the tangency (deg) • the curvature (%)
This curve is discontinuous in tangency.
Building a circle sweep on it, you get a surface that is not continuous in tangency.
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How to use the Curve Connect Checker (1/2) This tool allows you to detect the point, tangency and curvature discontinuities on curves. Select the Curve Connect Checker icon and the curve to analyse.
1 2
Select the Analyse Type you want to process.
Distance analysis
The point discontinuities are displayed on the analysed curve.
Curvature analysis
The curvature discontinuities are displayed on the analysed curve. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Tangency analysis
The tangency discontinuities are displayed on the analysed curve. 142
How to use the Curve Connect Checker (2/2) 3
Select the Quick Violation Analysis mode by clicking on the Quick button. This option allows the user to give thresholds bellow which the discontinuity is not detected. If both tangency and curvature discontinuities are detected, only the tangency discontinuity is displayed.
4
Click OK to confirm. The Curve Connect Checker Analysis is added to the specification tree :
Display of the maximum discontinuity values on the curve. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Draft Analysis You will learn how to use the Draft Analysis tool to analyze the draft values of surfaces or solids
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Why analyze Draft? For mold design, Drafts need to be analyzed to determine extractability of the part. For NC Machining, a part is analyzed to look for negative Draft angles in order to determine if a 5-Axis NC machine will be required to cut the part.
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How to use the Draft Analysis Tool (1/2) The Draft analysis tool gives you at every point the angle between the normal to the surface and the Draft direction which is by default the Z axis.
1
Select the customized view render style.
3
Select the surface(s) or solid where you want to examine Draft
2
Select the Draft Analysis Icon.
The analysis is displayed on the selected element.
4
Adjust the color range fields - here Red is negative draft, Dark Blue is 0-3 Degrees (probably vertical), Light Blue is 3-15 Degrees, and Green is 15-20 Degrees
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How to use the Draft Analysis Tool (2/2) 5
The default Draft direction is the Z axis. To modify it drag and drop the compass on a plane or on the surface. You can manipulate the compass, the analysis follows the w axis as draft direction
Using this draft direction, the part sould be extractible
Click on this button to invert the draft direction.
The part is not extractible
6
Activate the fly analysis checkbox and navigate with the pointer over the surface
Arrows are displayed under the pointer. Green arrow is the normal to the surface, red represent draft direction.
The displayed value indicates the angle between the draft direction and the normal to the surface at the current point. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Click Close when done. 147
Curvature Analysis You will learn how to use the Mapping Analysis tool to analyze surface curvature
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Why Curvature Analysis?
Curvature analysis of surfaces in generally used to help model high quality surfaces. Abrupt change of curvature on a surface (for example on a car exterior body) can be readily seen by the naked eye and must be smoothed.
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What is a Curvature Analysis? (1/2) Curvature analysis of surfaces is used to detect the defaults on high quality surfaces. Abrupt change of curvature on a surface can be readily seen by the naked eye and must be smoothed. The curvature analysis measure the curvature on each point of a surface according to the following method : curvature radius in one point (R): represents the local convexity of the surface The curvature in one point (C): C = 1 / R
If radius R ➬
curvature C ➮
is the inverse of the radius
If radius R ➮
curvature C ➬
Intersection Plane / Surface Radius (R)
Curvature (C)
Radius measure of the surface intersection with a cutting plane Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
Curvature measure surface intersection cutting plane
of the with a 150
What is a Curvature Analysis? (2/2) If we rotate planes around the normal on a point of the surface, we can build the intersection of these planes with the surface.
On these intersection curves we can measure an infinity of curvature values in this point.
Normal Point on surface
In each point we will have a maximum curvature value CM and a minimum curvature value Cm. The Mapping analysis tool allows you to measure these minimum and maximum values, the mean value (Gaussian analysis) and to see the inflection areas.
Gaussian : C =
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CM.Cm
Minimum
Maximum
Inflection area
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Measuring the Mean Curvature on a Surface. 1
Select the customized render style.
view
3
Select the Mapping Analysis Icon Adjust the color range fields taking into account your observation in Step 3. The objective is to differentiate the various curvature sub-areas of the surfaces
2
Select the surfaces where you want to examine Curvature
4
Select Gaussian as analysis type.
Pass the mouse over the surfaces and read the curvature values shown in order to get a general idea of curvature variation on the part
Change the color scale to linear
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Click Close when done 152
Measuring the Minimum or Maximum Curvature on a Surface. 1
Select the customized render style.
view
3
Select the Mapping Analysis Icon
Adjust the color range fields taking into account your observation in Step 3 : drag and drop the arrows or key in directly the right values in the fields.
2
Select the surfaces where you want to examine Curvature
4
Select Minimum or Maximum as analysis type.
Pass the mouse over the surfaces and read the curvature values shown in order to get a general idea of curvature variation on the part. Notice that the minimum curvature is always in the perpendicular plane to the maximum curvature . Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Click Close when done
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Checking a Surface Using the Limited Radius Use the Limited Radius analysis to check if the surface can be offset or to check if tool (an end mill) with a end radius can mill the part.
1
Select the customized render style.
3
Select the Mapping Analysis Icon
5
6
Set the Limited Radius value.
view
2
4
Select the surfaces where you want to examine Curvature Select Limited as analysis type.
In the green area, the defined tool could not mill the part.
Click Close when done
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Checking the Inflection Areas on Surfaces. Using the Inflection Area analysis type you can check where are the curvature sign changes.
1
Select the customized render style.
view
3
Select the Mapping Analysis Icon
2
4
Select the surfaces where you want to examine Curvature
Select Inflexion Area as analysis type.
In the blue areas, the Gaussian curvature (mean) is negative.
5
Click Close when done
In the green area, the Gaussian curvature (mean) is positive.
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Additional Information on Mapping Analysis (1/2) The Analysis is calculated on the mesh used to display the object, the precision of the analysis depends upon the display settings.
Fix the 3D Accuracy to the minimum value to have a better analysis rendering.
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Additional Information on Mapping Analysis (2/2) Case of a multi surface analysis : Multi surfaces analysis
The displayed curvature information values are the values of the last selected surface
The analysis is done on each surface apart.
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Global analysis
The displayed curvature information values are kept on the set of surfaces
The analysis is done on all the set of surfaces
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Porcupine Curvature Analysis You will learn how to use the Porcupine Curvature Analysis tool to analyze surfaces boundaries curvature
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Why Porcupine Curvature Analysis? The Porcupine Curvature analysis is an easy curvature discontinuities visualization tool. The boundaries of a surface are impacted by the curvature discontinuities of the surface. The Porcupine Curvature analysis analyses the surfaces boundaries in order to detect the surfaces curvature discontinuities.
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Using the Porcupine Curvature Analysis (1/4) This tool allows you to detect the curvature discontinuities on curves and to visualize them. This tool can be applied on : -A curve. -A surface (boundaries analysis).
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Using the Porcupine Curvature Analysis (2/4) Analysis type :
Curvature discontinuities displayed with a radius type analysis.
Curvature discontinuities displayed with a curvature type analysis.
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You can choose between a curvature type and a radius type analysis. - Curvature : you visualize the curvature evolution on the curve. - Radius : you visualize the radius evolution along the curve.
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Using the Porcupine Curvature Analysis (3/4) The diagram :
You can choose to visualize the curvature evolution using the diagram: -Each curve analysis posses its own color for a clearer visualization. - The extremum values are displayed in the diagram window. - You can slide the pointer over the diagram to display the amplitude at a given point of the curve. Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Using the Porcupine Curvature Analysis (4/4) The Porcupine Curvature Analysis visualization parameters :
Reverse the curvature values on the analyzed curves.
Display all the extremum on the analyzed curves.
Adjusting these parameters, you can optimize the analysis visualization. It has no effect on the curvature values along the curves.
Fills the analysis area.
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Envelop the analysis area.
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Managing Features and OpenBodies In this lesson, you will learn advanced tools for managing Open Bodies in the specification tree. You will also learn how to work in a Hybrid environment and in a Multi-Model environment.
Review of miscellaneous WFS tools • • • • •
Manipulating Elements Editing Surface and Wireframe Definition Creating Datum Features Updating a Part Applying Material onto Surfaces
Managing the Geometry • • • •
Using the Historical Graph Quick Edition of Geometry Deleting Useless Elements Auto-Sorting an OpenBody
Managing OpenBodies Creating a Group Creating a New OpenBody Changing the Father Node of an OpenBody Selecting Bodies using the Body Selector Duplicating an OpenBody Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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WFS Management Features versus GSD Management Features Wireframe & Surface Design and Generative Shape Design are two workbenches which have many common functionalities. Within GSD you will discover new functionalities that are not in WFS and also advanced capabilities in some functions that exist in both workbenches. GSD WFS
Functionalities specific to the Generative Shape Design workbench.
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Review of WFS Miscellaneous Tools You can review the tools covered in the Wireframe & Surface Design Course which are also included in the Generative Shape Design Workbench.
Manipulating Elements Editing Wireframe and Surface Definition Creating Datum Features Updating a Part Managing OpenBodies
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Managing the Geometry You will learn the following tools to help you manage Open Bodies in the specification tree:
Using the Historical Graph Quick Edition of Geometry Deleting Useless Elements Auto-Sorting an OpenBody
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Using the Historical Graph (1/2) The Historical Graph allows you to display the hierarchical links between the different features of a part.
1
3
Select the feature from which you want to know the hierarchy.
2
Select the Historical Graph icon.
Select the Surface Presentation to display the surfacic hierarchical elements.
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Using the Historical Graph (2/2) Reframe the Graph to Add a Graph to Remove the Graph
4b 4a
Click on plus to expand the tree.
Select the Parameter Filter button.
You can Edit and modify a Parameter directly by double click on it
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Double click a feature to edit and modify it.
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Quick Edition of Geometry. The Quick Edit allows you to quickly access to the parent elements of the selected object.
1
Select the Quick Edit icon.
2
Select the geometry You identify the generating elements. Informations are displayed on the whole geometry : Green : the last element generated in the selected geometry Red : the direct parent of the last generated element Purple (with G letter) : the first element that generate the final one
You can Edit and modify an element directly by double click on it
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Compare with the historical graph.
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Deleting Useless Geometry This command allows you to quickly delete all un-referenced datums, that are not participating in the creation of other geometrical elements.
1
Select Delete useless elements… in the Tools menu.
2
Click on Yes to confirm.
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Auto-Sorting OpenBodies This command allows you to sort hierarchically the wireframe features under the selected OpenBody.
1
Select the OpenBody node in the Specification tree.
2
Open a contextual menu, then select Auto-Sort OpenBody.
In this specification tree certain features are not in a hierarchical order.
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Managing Open Bodies You will learn the following tools to help you manage Open Bodies in the specification tree:
Creating a Group Creating a new Open Body Changing the Father node of an Open Body Duplicating an Open Body
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Why Open Body Management Tools? In V5, during the creation and trimming of surfaces, the history of parent surfaces is kept in its entirety in order to allow for automatic update of downstream geometry following a modification of any parent surface. Due to this fact, the specification tree can get large and often confusing. The tools listed below help manage this tree.
Creating a Group Hides all the nodes of an Open Body except for specific nodes the user chooses to see.
Creating a new Open Body Creates a new Open Body branch in the specification tree with the option of putting nodes from existing Open Bodies into it. (Allows for multiple groups containing related elements)
Changing the Father node of an Open Body Allows the user to change the position of an Open Body in the specification tree.
Duplicating an Open Body One of the modes of this tool duplicates the Open Body in its entirety. This allows the user to edit nodes in the copied Open Body without affecting the original Open Body.
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Creating a Group Hide all the nodes of an OpenBody except for specific nodes the user chooses to show.
1
4
Activate “Create Group” in the Contextual Menu for the Open Body you would like to group.
2
Name the group.
3
Select nodes in the Open Body that you would like to remain displayed in the specification tree.
Click OK to confirm. The Open Body is replaced by a group of hidden nodes + the nodes in the Open Body that the user specified to remain displayed.
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Expanding and Collapsing a Group Expand the tree under the group node see its contents, and collapse it when it is opened.
2
1
Activate “Collapse Group” in the Contextual Menu for the Group you would like to close.
Activate “Expand Group” in the Contextual Menu for the Group you would like to open.
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Creating a New Open Body
1
Activate Insert/Open Body from the Menubar.
2
Specify the node under which the new Open Body will be inserted.
3
Select nodes from existing Open Bodies that you want to move to the new Open Body.
4
Click OK to confirm. The new Open Body is added to the specification tree.
If Part.1 was selected as the Father, the new Open Body will be created under this node
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Changing the Father Node of an OpenBody or a Feature 1
Activate “Change Body” in the Contextual Menu for the Open Body (or the feature) you would like to move.
3
2
Click OK to confirm.
Select the destination node (new Father node) for your Open Body (or your feature)
The Open Body is moved to its new location.
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Selecting Bodies using the Body Selector The body selector allows you to quickly select a specific body to define it in Work Object.
1
2
Open the combo box of the Body Selector in the Tools toolbar, then choose the new active body.
You can also rename directly the body in the combo box.
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Duplicating an Open Body (1/2) 1 2
Select the Duplicate OpenBody icon in the Replication toolbar
Select the Open Body to be duplicated
3
Click on the Selected then select the corresponding generating features as shown below
Click on the green arrow to reverse the extrude direction Click on “Use identical name” to just create an identical second instance of the selected Openbody.
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Duplicating an Open Body (2/2) 4
5
Select “As Specified in Part document” as format
Click on OK to confirm the duplication
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Hybrid Design In this lesson, you will learn tools to build Hybrid Part using surfacic and solid features. You will also learn how to work in a Multi-Model environment.
Working with Hybrid Part. Review of WFS Skillet. •
Creating a Solid from Surfaces
• Working in a Multi-Model Environment.
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Working with Hybrid Parts You will learn how Surfaces and Solids can be used as modeling tools together within the same model
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Why Hybrid Modeling? With Hybrid modeling we have the best of both worlds: - the ease of use and concise (inside/outside) mathematical definition of solids - the capability to create complex surfaces
In this illustration, the Extrude.1 surface is used to create the ThickSurface.1 solid. Later, the Offset.1 surface was defined from the opposite face of the ThickSurface.1 solid.
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V5 and Hybrid Modeling 1
2
Surface to Solid Tools
Solid to Surface Tools
Access from within the Part Design Workbench
Create a surface offset from a solid face Create a Fill Surface from solid edges
In general, solid edges are seen by V5 surfaces as any ordinary curve. Solid faces are seen as any ordinary surface. Hence, surface creation tools can use solid edges and faces as input.
JOIN solid edges into section curves then LOFT between these section curves Create a Blend Surface between two solid faces Extract a surface from a solid face
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Creating a Solid from Surfaces
You will learn how to create a solid from surfaces
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Why Do You Need to Create a Solid from Surfaces ? You may need to create a surface just for using it in a solid body. The surface is integrated into the body design.
What about solids created from surfaces ? You can use a surface to: - split a solid body - create a solid body by thickening the surface - close it into a solid body - sew it onto a solid body
Split Body
Close Surface Sew Surface
Thicken Surface Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Creating a Solid from a Surface … 1
Click on any Surface-Based Features icon.
2
For each type of feature a dialog box is displayed.
Select the surface to be processed.
3
Confirm feature creation.
Let ’s see now the different ways to create surface-based features ... Copyright DASSAULT SYSTEMES 2002
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Splitting a Body with a Surface 1
2 Select the surface used as splitting element and orient the arrow towards the material to be kept. Material to be kept
Splitting surface
3 Click OK to split the body.
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Thickening a Surface 1
2 Select the surface to be thickened. Surface to be thickened
Offset direction
3 Click OK to thicken the surface.
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Closing a Surface into a Body 1
2 Select the surface to be closed. Surface to be closed
3 Click OK to close the surface.
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Sewing a Surface to a Body 1
2 Select the surface to be sewn onto the body and orient the arrow towards the material to be kept. Surface to be sewn
Material to be kept
3 Click OK to sew the surface to the body.
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Working in a Multi-Model Environment
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Why Work in a Multi-Model Environment? - To reuse already existing geometry - To establish associativity between parts
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Surface Modeling and Multi-Model Environment 1
Select the Offset icon (for instance)
The passive element selected is shown as an “External Reference” within the specification tree of the Active Model
2
Directly select geometry in the Passive Model to create a surface in the Active Model
In this case, the Offset.1 surface has the Surface.1 External Reference as its parent. As usual, changes in the parent will propagate downstream.
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