Cars

intro CARS

CARS History Designers content Types Designs Trends Engines & Power source

CARS History 1700’s lled rope p f l se first as built The r a c w

1800’s rs ed ca ower p m a ’s ste Britain

1769 -

The very first self-propelled road vehicle was a military tractor invented by French engineer and mechanic, Nicolas Joseph Cugnot.

1789 -

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The first U.S. patent for a steampowered land vehicle was granted to Oliver Evans.

1807 -

Richard Trevithick built a road carriage powered by steam. It was the first built in Great Britain. Francois Isaac de Rivaz of Switzerland invented an internal combustion engine that used a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen for fuel. Rivaz designed a car for his engine that was the first internal combustion powered automobile. However, his was a very unsuccessful design.

CARS History 1800’s le rugg t s l l Uphi

1824 -

English engineer, Samuel Brown adapted an old Newcomen steam engine to burn a mixture of oxygen hydrogen gas.

history

He used it to briefly power a vehicle up Shooter's Hill - the highest point in south London.

1858 as oal-g C t s Fir e engin

Belgian-born engineer, Jean Joseph Étienne Lenoir invented and patented (1860) a two-stroke, internal combustion engine. It was fuelled by coal gas and triggered by an electric sparkignition. Lenoir later attached an improved engine (speed of 3 mph) to a three-wheeled wagon “horseless carriage” and completed a fiftymile road trip.

CARS History 1800’s

1876 -

Nikolaus August Otto invented and later patented a successful fourstroke engine, known as the “Otto cycle.”

n iu s e g f eo Strok

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The same year, the first successful twostroke engine was invented by the Scottish engineer, Sir Dugald Clerk.

r age Moto

wa s for e v o m

rd

1886 -

The first vehicles driven using internal combustion engines were developed roughly at the same time by two engineers working in separate parts of Germany – Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz. Henry Ford builds his first automobile in Michigan.

CARS History 1889 -

1800 mpa or Co t o M irst The F

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Two former French wood machinists, Rene Panhard and Emile Levassor, set up the world’s first car manufacturers. Their first car was built in 1890 using a Daimler engine.

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Another French company, Peugeot was formed the following year, and still going strong today.

gs up s thin d e e p ach s Mayb

1890 -

Wilhelm Maybach built the first four-cylinder, four-stroke engine. Three years later, he develops the spray-nozzle carburettor, which becomes the basis for modern carburettor technology. A decade later, Maybach developed a race car using lightweight metals fitted with a 35-hp four-cylinder engine and two carburettors. Named the Mercedes, the car reaches 64.4 km/h to shatter the world speed record.

CARS Designer John Newton Cooper (July 17, 1923 – December 24, 2000) Born in Kingston, Surrey, England Founder of Cooper Car Company

designer

Auto racing legend with his rear-engined chassis design. In stereotypical British fashion, Cooper always downplayed the story about how they decided to put the engine in the back of their racing cars, insisting it was a matter of convenience. Because the car was powered by a motorcycle engine, they put the engine in the back, driving a chain. Cooper's development of the British Motor Corporation Mini. The Mini Cooper was adored by both rally racers and ordinary road drivers. Before John Cooper's death, the Cooper name was licensed to BMW for the higher performance versions of the cars, inspired by the original Mini, sold as the MINI. John, along with his son Mike Cooper, served in an advisory role to BMW and Rover's New MINI design team.

CARS Designer

designer

CARS

Types

types

2-Doors Coupe 4-Doors Sedan

Station Wagons Convertibles

Sports Cars Vans SUVs

CARS

Types

2-Doors Coupe Coupes are usually driven by single adults or childless couples. Many of them have a hatchback instead of a trunk, to allow large items to be carried for short distances. The rear seats are difficult to access, as the front doors must be used.

coupe

CARS

Types

4-Doors Sedan Sedans are a good choice for most automobile shoppers. The enclosed trunk offers security, while the rear doors allow easy entry for rear-seat passengers. Most luxury vehicles are four-door sedans because they're more comfortable than most other body styles.

sedan

CARS

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Station Wagons Station wagon or estate car is a body style variant of a sedan/saloon with its roof extended rearward over a shared passenger/cargo volume with access at the back via a third or fifth door (the liftgate or tailgate), instead of a trunk lid. The body style transforms a standard three-box design into a two-box design — to include an A, B & C-pillar, as well as a D pillar. Station wagons feature flexibility to allow configurations that either favor passenger or cargo volume

wagons

CARS

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Convertibles Most convertibles are sports cars, meaning two seats, highperformance engines and superior handling

convertibles

CARS

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Sports cars A two-seat roadsters designed for both daily travel and week-end racing hobbyists.

sport

CARS

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Vans To transport a large amounts of goods or moving a group of 5 to 8 peoples. However, mini vans are just smaller than the van. It can transport half of the vans requirements.

vans

CARS

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SUVs Sports Utility Vehicle (SUV) is a two-terrain vehicle that can moves either in roads or in the woods. This type of car is mainly used to transport people and goods that needed in the forest activities such as camping or extreme sports. This kind of vehicle can moves heavy and many loads at the same time.

suv

CARS Designs Existing design 1

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CARS Designs Existing design 2

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CARS Designs Existing design 3

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CARS Designs Existing design 4

trends

CARS Designs Existing design 5

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CARS Trends 1880

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CARS Trends 1900

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CARS Trends 1950

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CARS Trends 1970

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CARS Trends 1990

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CARS Trends 2000

engines

CARS Engines Volkswagen diesel system Even if they doesn’t have modern tech, but they still got Polo BlueMotion which uses 3.9 liter diesel for every 100km. 3–cylinder engine, with direct injection and turbocharged system is not only save but still can produce torque about 195Nm from 1 800 rpm with a maximum speed which is 176kmh.

engines

CARS Engines Toyota hybrid system Using THS (Toyota Hybrid System), toyota uses electric energy as main power supply and petrol as extra energy supply. Then, they introduced Hybrid Synergy drive (HSD) that is not only covers the engine specs and electrical motors but it also changes the transmission. It acts ask a gear box and motor starter with a pair of generators. The gear system uses E-CVT (Electronically-control Continuously Variable Transmission and drive-by-wire driving system. There is no direct connection with drivers with engine or electric motor because the inputs are collected by computer.

engines

CARS Engines Honda Hybrid System Honda believes that the petrol is still can be used as in very detailed situation. That is why honda uses petrol as the main input of energy sources and uses electrical energy as the booster. At the outside, this new civic hybrid is look like almost the similar as the others, but when the engine is started, the new honda engine will disengage the engine when the electric energy is loaded fully in the battery. When driving in the urban area, acceleration uses many petrol but it is converted with battery power and it saved the petrol consumption. In highway, where the speed is uneven, battery is not used and petrol will be used because the computer defines that no access burden is applied.

engines

CARS Engines Hyundai-Kia Fuel Cell This system is very differ than the other engines because they don’t use petrol as the main source of fuel but they uses electric system that is produced by the electroplating chemicals to produce hydrogen and water. This engine is very silent because it completely using electrical energy. The fuel that is need to keep refuel is the hydrogen itself by three hours time. In certain conditions such the accelerator is being pushed, both of its electric motor . The battery will be charged when the accelerator is freed.

engines